Allen, William.1Papers: Library of Congress.Allred, R. N.2Recollections: R. R. Allred, Esq.Alvarado, J. B.3Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll., Univ. of California.Amador, J. M.4Memorias sobre la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Anaya, P. M.5Memoria: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.Anderson, Robert.6Papers: Mrs. James M. Lawton.Anderson, W. E.7Document.Anonymous.8Soldier’s Diary sent anonymously to the author.Antrim, Jay.9Sketches: Library of Congress.Aram, Joseph.10Narrative: Mrs. Grace Aram.Archives of France.11Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.Archives of Great Britain.12Admiralty Papers;13Foreign Office Papers: Public Record Office, London.Archives of States.14Alabama,15Arkansas,16Connecticut,17Delaware,18Georgia,19Florida,20Illinois,21Indiana,22Iowa,23Kentucky,24Louisiana,25Maine,26Maryland,27Massachusetts,28Michigan,29Mississippi,30Missouri,31New Hampshire,32New Jersey,33New York,34North Carolina,35Ohio,36Pennsylvania,37Rhode Island,38South Carolina,39Tennessee,40Texas,41Vermont,42Virginia,43Wisconsin.Archives of the44U. S. Embassy at Mexico.Archives of the45U. S. Legation in Texas: State Dept., Washington.Archives of U. S. Navy Dept.46Captain’s Letters;47Squadron Letters;48Confidential Letter Books;49Orders;50Executive Letters;51Marine Corps.Archives of U. S. State Dept.52Correspondence (and enclosures) with diplomatic and consular agents in Mexico, Great Britain, France, Spain, Prussia and Texas;53Notes to and from the legations of those countries;54Report Books;55Confidential Report Books;56SpecialMissions and Correspondence with confidential agents in Mexico, Texas and California;57Domestic Letter Books;58Miscellaneous Letters and Replies;59Circulars issued to diplomatic and consular agents. See also Claims Commission.Archives of U. S. War Dept.60Secretary of War’s files;61Adjutant General’s files;62Quartermaster General’s files;63Military Book;64Adjutant General, Miscellany;65Orders;66Engineer’s office;67Bureau of Topog. Engineers;68Judge Advocate General’s office, courts martial, courts of inquiry;69Discontinued Commands, etc.Archivo69adel Distrito Federal, Mexico.Archivo70General y Público (particularly “Guerra”), Mexico.Archivo71Histórico-Nacional, Madrid.Archivo72Nacional de Cuba.Archivo73Particular del Ministerio de Estado, Madrid.Archivos (National) de74Fomento (Maps);75Gobernación (formerly called “Relaciones Interiores”);75aHacienda;76Guerra y Marina;77Relaciones (i.e., Exteriores). At Mexico City.Archivos (State) de78Coahuila,79Jalisco,80México,81Nuevo León,82Puebla,83Querétaro,84San Luis Potosí,85Tamaulipas,86Vera Cruz,87Zacatecas. At the state capitals.Archivos (Municipal) de88Córdoba,89Guadalajara,90Jalapa,91Matamoros,92México,93Monterey,94Orizaba,95Puebla,96Querétaro,97Saltillo,98San Luis Potosí,99Tampico,100Vera Cruz,101Victoria,102Zacatecas.Avila, Juan.103Notas Californianas: Bancroft Coll.Ayer104Collection: Newberry Library, Chicago.Baldridge, William.105The Days of 1846: Bancroft Coll.Bancroft106Collection: Univ. of California.Bancroft107Papers: New York City Public Library.Bancroft, George.108Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Bandini, Juan.109Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Barbour, H. H.110Diary: Mrs. Barbour.Beauregard, P. G. T.111Papers: C. S. Hook, Esq.Beauregard, P. G. T.112Papers: Justin H. Smith.Beauregard, P. G. T.113Reminiscences (done by him from diary and notes): Claiborne papers, Mississippi Dept. of Hist.Beeler, Louis F.114Recollections.Belden, Josiah.115Statement: Bancroft Coll.Bell, A. N.116Document.Benjamin, W. R.117Collection.Berlandier, Luis.118Papers: Library of Congress.Bevan, William.119Statement.Biddle, James.120Papers: Library of Congress.Biddle, Charles J.121Papers: Charles Biddle, Esq.Bidwell, John.122California, 1841–8: Bancroft Coll.Bidwell, John.123Statement: Harvard Univ. Library.Blocklenger, Benjamin.124Letter.Bonham, Milledge L.125Letters: Dr. Milledge Lake Bonham, Ill.Botello, Narciso.126Anales del Sur de la California: Bancroft Coll.Boyle, John.127Letter: Miss Esmeralda Boyle.Brackett, A. G.128Diary: Mrs. Brackett.Breckenridge, Robert J.129Papers: Library of Congress.Brichta, A. C.130Letter: belonging to the family.Brindle, William.131Statement: J. D. Parrish, Esq.Buchanan, James.132Papers: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.Buck, Dr. Solon J.133Collection.Burton, C. M.134Collection, Public Library, Detroit.Butler, Anthony.135Papers: Univ. of Texas.Butterfield, James.136Recollections.Calhoun, John C.137Papers: Clemson Coll.Calhoun, John C.137aPapers: Library of Congress.Campbell, William B.138Letters: John DeWitt, Esq.Campbell, William B. (and David).139Papers: Lemuel R. Campbell, Esq.; Mrs. James S. Pilcher.Cantwell, John L. P.140Letter: Miss Jessica R. Smith.Carson, J. C.141Statement: Bancroft Coll.Carson, J. H.142Gold Mines of 1848: Bancroft Coll.Cary, T. G.143California Papers: Boston Public Library.Cassidy, P. A.144Recollections.Castro, Manuel.145Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Caswell, William R.146Diary and Letters: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Chamberlain, S. E.147Diary: loaned by the writer.Chamberlain, S. E.148Recollections (verbal).Chase, Salmon P.149Papers: Library of Congress.Cheatham, B. F.150Diary and Papers: Mrs. Telfair Hodgson.Claiborne, J. F. H.151Papers: State of Mississippi, Dept. of Hist.Claiborne, Thomas.152Memoirs: belonging to the family.Claims Commission of 1849.153Book of Awards;154Book of Opinions;155Journal: U. S. State Dept.Clay, Henry.156Papers: Library of Congress.Cobb, Howell.157Papers (printed later by the Amer. Hist. Assoc.): Dr. U. B. Phillips.Cobb, Howell.158Papers: Dr. R. P. Brooks.Collins, Francis.159Papers (published later in the Qtrly. Publication of the Hist. and Philos. Soc. of Ohio, 1915, Nos. 2–3).Columbus.160Record of Punishments, 1846–7: U. S. Naval Academy Library.Congress.161Journal of a Cruise, 1846: U. S. Naval Academy Library.Conner, David.162Papers: Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt.Conner, David.163Papers: P. F. Madigan, Esq.Conner, David.164Papers: Library of Congress.Conner, David.165Papers: Navy Dept. Library.Conner, David.166Papers: New York City Library.Coutts.167Diary of a March to California: Bancroft Coll.Crallé, R. K.168Papers: Library of Congress.Crittenden, J. J.169Papers: Library of Congress.Crooker Family (of South Carolina).170Papers: Dr. E. M. Shealy.Cyane.171Journal of a Cruise; Abstract of Journal: U. S. Naval Academy Library.Cyane.172Log Book: Library, U. S. Navy Dept.Davis, Jefferson.173Address: Library of Congress (reading-room desk).Davis, Jefferson.174Papers: Confederate Memorial, New Orleans.Davis, Jefferson.175Papers: Library of Congress.Davis, Jefferson.176Papers: State of Mississippi, Dept. of Hist.Davis, John W.177Statement of the Battle of San Pascual: Bancroft Coll.Davis, T. F.178Diary: belonging to the family.Diario179Esactísimo de lo ocurrido en México, etc.: Bancroft Coll.Dreer180Collection: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.Donelson, A. J.181Papers: Mrs. Wm. A. Donelson (now in the Library of Congress).Dormitzer, Walter.182Collection.Drum, R. C.183Recollections (verbal).Duke, Moses S.184Letters: Miss Winnie V. Lynch.Duncan, James.185Papers: U. S. Military Academy.Duncan, W. L.186Notes on Bishop’s Journal: McLean County (Ill.) Hist. Soc.Eddy187Manuscripts: Charles Carroll, Esq.Edwards, Marcellus B.188Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.Evans, Mrs. Lucy.189Letter: belonging to the family.Ewing, J. C.190Diary: belonging to the family.Fairfield, John.191Papers: Library of Congress.Ford.192Collection: New York City Public Library.Foster, R. C.193Letters: Mrs. Edward W. Foster.Fourth (Mexican) Infantry.194Book of Accounts: New York Hist. Soc.Fowler, W. P.195Collection.Frémont, John C.196Statement: Library of Harvard Univ.Gaines, E. P.197Papers: Library of Congress.Gallatin, Albert.198Papers: New York Hist. Soc.García, Señ. Lic. D. Genaro.199Collection.Gibbes, W. H.200Collection.Gibson, George R.201Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.Giménez, M. M.202Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.Gleason, James.203Letter.Gouverneur, S. L.204Diary: Mrs. Rose Gouverneur Hoes.Graham, L. P.205Memorandum Book: E. W. McGlenen, Esq.Graham, W. A.206Papers: A. W. Graham, Esq.Griffin, John S.207Journal of 1846: Bancroft Coll.Guadalajara (Public Library)208Collection.Guitar, Aldon.209Letter.Hammond, J. H.210Diary and Papers: Library of Congress.Hardie, James A.211Papers: Library of Congress.Hastings, D. H.212Diary: loaned by the writer.Hatch, John P.213Letters: Library of Congress.Hays, John C., and Caperton, John.214Life and Adventures of John C. Hays: Bancroft Coll.Heald, Nathan.215Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.Heiman, A.216Services of the First Regt. of Tennessee: Tennessee Hist. Soc.Henshaw, J. C.217Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Henshaw, J. C.218Narrative, prepared by Mrs. Henshaw from his papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Heráldica219del Ejército Mex., etc.: Biblioteca Nacional.Higgins, H. H.220Plans and letters: Mrs. T. M. Coxe.Hill, D. H.221Diary: Pres. D. H. Hill.Hiney, E. F.222Diary.Hirschorn, Jacob.223Recollections: Justin H. Smith.Hitchcock, E. A.224Diary and Papers: Mrs. E. A. Hitchcock (now in the Library of Congress).Holt, Joseph.225Papers: Library of Congress.Hook, C. S.226Collection.Hoyle, E. D.227Recollections.Illinois University.228Collection.Indiana State Library.229Collection.Itúrbide, Agustín de.230Papers: Library of Congress.Jackson, Andrew.231Papers: Library of Congress.Jameson, J. Franklin.232Collection.Janssens, Agustín.233Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Johnson, Andrew.234Papers: Library of Congress.Jones, Roger.235Papers: W. R. Benjamin, Esq.Judah, H. M.236Diary: Library of Congress.Kearny, S. W.237Letter Book: Missouri Hist. Soc.Keating, E. H.238Map of Monterey, Mex.: Monterey City Govt.Kemper, Jackson.239Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.Kennerly, W. C.240Narrative.Kent, James.241Papers: Library of Congress.Kingsbury, D. M.242Letters to his Mother.Kribben, Christian.243Home Letters: B. D. Kribben, Esq.Lakin, George W.244Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.Lamar, M. B.245Papers: Texas State Library.Lane, Joseph.246Autobiography: Bancroft Coll.Larkin, T. O.247Papers: Bancroft Coll.Lasselle, Stanislaus.248Papers: Indiana State Library.Leese, Jacob P.249Bear Flag Papers: Bancroft Coll.Lieber, Francis.250Papers: Library of Congress.Lowry, Robert.251Narrative.Mackall, W. W.252Letters: belonging to the family.McLean, John.253Papers: Library of Congress.McClellan, Geo. B.254Diary and Papers: Library of Congress.Mangum, W. P.255Papers: A. W. Graham, Esq.Marcy, W. L.256Papers: Library of Congress.Markoe and Maxcy.257Papers: Library of Congress.Marshall, Henry.258Recollections: Bancroft Coll.Maryland Hist. Soc.259Collection.Massachusetts Hist. Soc.260Collection.Mémoires.261 I, Apparently prepared by the French agent in Mexico;261aII Sur les Revolutions du Mexique: Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.Memorias.262Reports issued under this title by Depts. of the Mexican government (see also “Memorias” under the head of Books and Pamphlets. A number of the Memorias were not published—unless in newspapers—but exist in MS. in the library of the Sría. de Relaciones).Mervine, William.263Letter Books and Papers: Navy Dept. Library.Mexican Hist.264Documents: Museo Nacional, Mexico.Miller, N. C.265Letter.Miller, W. D.266Papers: belonging to the family.Mississippi Dept. of Hist.267Collections (Dr. Dunbar Rowland, Director).Missouri Hist. Soc.268Collection.Molina, Señ. D. Ignacio.269Recollections (verbal).Moore, H. Judge.270Diary.Morales, J. B.271Papers: Library of Congress.Morgan, George.272Memoir of: Col. J. M. Morgan.Mullan, James.273Diary: belonging to the family.Neeld, Peter C.274Letter.Nelson, T. B., Jr.275Letter: Mrs. Annie J. Holland.Neville, Harvey.276Diary: Chicago Hist. Soc.New York Hist. Soc.277Collection.Niehenke, R.278Statement.Notes.279Sur les Possessions Espagnoles en Amérique: Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.Nunelee, S. F.280Diary: James Howell Nunelee, Esq.O’Keefe, Michael.281Statement: Justin H. Smith.Olivera, Agustín.282Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Orders (General and Special).283Army of the North under Mejía, Ampudia and Arista: New York Hist. Soc.Otero, M.284Comunicación que sobre las Negoc. Diplom., etc.: Yale Univ. Library.Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano.285Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.Parker, James.286Statement.Parrish, P. C.287Diary.Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.288Collection.Pérez de Acal.289Papers: Guadalajara Public Library.Pico, Pio (Familia Pico).290Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Pierce, Franklin.291Papers: Library of Congress.Pillow, Gideon J.292Letters: W. R. Benjamin Collection.Pillow, Gideon J.293Letters: Library of Congress.Pillow, Gideon J.294Letters: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.Pinto, Rafael.295Apuntaciones para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Poinsett, Joel R.296Papers: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.Polk, James K.297Papers: Library of Congress (including the Polk papers examined by the author at the Chicago Hist. Soc.).Porter, Andrew.298Papers: Major John Biddle Porter.Posey, Carnot.299Letters: Dr. Walter L. Fleming.Pricket, John A.300Letters.Primer Battn. Activo de Oaxaca.301Libro de Servicios: Rhode Island Hist. Soc.Puryear, J. F.302Document.Quitman, John A.303Papers: in possession of the family.Quitman, John A.304Papers in the Claiborne Papers.Richardson, C. T.305Recollections: Justin H. Smith.Riser, J. J.306Recollections (Mormon Battalion).Roberts, B. S.307Diary and letters: Brigadier General B. K. Roberts.Roberts, Charles.308Autograph Collection: Haverford Coll.Roessler, Edward.309Diary: belonging to the family.Roque, J. K.310Document.Santa Anna, A. L. de.311Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.Santa Anna, A. L. de.312Papers: Library of Congress.Saunders, J. L.313Papers: Library of Congress.Sawyer, Charles H.314Documents for the Hist. of the Conquest of California: Bancroft Coll.Schouler, William.315Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Sherman, W. T.316Papers: Library of Congress.Sibley, H. H.317Papers: Minnesota Hist. Soc.Smith, C. B.318Papers: Library of Congress.Smith, George.319Diary: belonging to the family.Smith, Persifor F.320Papers: State Normal School, West Chester, Pa.Smith, T. F.321Diary: belonging to the writer.Smith, W. B.322Diary: belonging to the family.Stevenson, J. D.323Letter Book;324General Order Book;325Regimental Order Book: New York Hist. Soc.Sumner, Charles.326Papers: Harvard Univ. Library.Sutherland, D. H.327Letters: belonging to the family.Sweet, G. N.328Statement.Taliaferro, William B.329Papers: Miss L. S. Taliaferro.Taylor, Zachary.330Papers: Library of Congress.Taylor, Zachary.331Papers: Henkels catalogue.Tennery, Thomas D.332Diary: Rev. John S. Cook, D.D.Tlacotálpam, Mex.333Judicial Archives.Torres, Manuel.334Peripecias de la Vida California: Bancroft Coll.Trist, Nicholas P.335Papers: Library of Congress.Turner, C. B.336Letter: belonging to the family.Turner, H. S.337Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.U. S. House of Representatives.338Files: Capitol, Washington.U. S. House of Representatives.339Papers: Library of Congress.U. S. Military Academy (West Point).340Collection.U. S. Senate.341Files: Capitol, Washington.University of Illinois.342Collection.Vallejo, M. G.343Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.Vallejo, M. G.344Recuerdos Hist. y Personales: Bancroft Coll.Van Buren, Martin.345Papers: Library of Congress.Wade, W. P.346Document: belonging to the family.Washburne, Elihu B.347Papers: Library of Congress.Watterston, George.348Notes on U. S. History: Library of Congress.Watterston, George.349Papers: Library of Congress.Weber, Juan L.350Recollections (verbal).Webster, Daniel.351Papers: Library of Congress.Weeks, J. W.352Reminiscences: Bancroft Coll.Welles, Edgar T.353Collection: Connecticut Hist. Soc.Welles, Gideon.354Papers: Library of Congress.Wheaton, Henry.355Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Whitcomb, T. M.356Diary: T. J. Whitcomb, Esq.Wilcox, C. M.357Diary (portions copied by him): Claiborne papers, Mississippi Dept. of History.Williams, Thomas.358Letters: Rt. Rev. G. Mott Williams.Winthrop-Clifford.359Correspondence: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Winthrop-Kennedy.360Correspondence: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.Woods, William.361Recollections.Worth, G. A.362Papers: Library of Congress.Worth, W. J.363Papers: W. R. Benjamin Collection.Worth, W. J.364Papers: Mrs. K. S. Hubbell.Wyse, F. O.365Papers: Miss Mary Wyse.Yale University.366Collection (University Library).Yell, Archibald.367Papers: Mrs. R. H. Fitzgerald.Map Division, Library of Congress.369Map of Palo Alto.Taylor, Zachary.370Papers: Mrs. W. R. Stauffer.Mitchell, W. I.371Statement.Hyde, George.372Statement of Hist. Facts on California: Bancroft Coll.Evans, Joseph.373Narrative: Justin H. Smith.Conner, David.374Letters: Henkels catalogue.Madigan, P. F.375Collection.Nicholson, A. S.376Recollections (verbal).Willing, Wildurr.377Paper on Scott’s operations (published later).Winthrop, R. C.378The Mexican War Bill (Massachusetts Hist. Soc.)De Witt, John.379Collection (see also No. 138).
Allen, William.1Papers: Library of Congress.
Allred, R. N.2Recollections: R. R. Allred, Esq.
Alvarado, J. B.3Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll., Univ. of California.
Amador, J. M.4Memorias sobre la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Anaya, P. M.5Memoria: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.
Anderson, Robert.6Papers: Mrs. James M. Lawton.
Anderson, W. E.7Document.
Anonymous.8Soldier’s Diary sent anonymously to the author.
Antrim, Jay.9Sketches: Library of Congress.
Aram, Joseph.10Narrative: Mrs. Grace Aram.
Archives of France.11Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.
Archives of Great Britain.12Admiralty Papers;13Foreign Office Papers: Public Record Office, London.
Archives of States.14Alabama,15Arkansas,16Connecticut,17Delaware,18Georgia,19Florida,20Illinois,21Indiana,22Iowa,23Kentucky,24Louisiana,25Maine,26Maryland,27Massachusetts,28Michigan,29Mississippi,30Missouri,31New Hampshire,32New Jersey,33New York,34North Carolina,35Ohio,36Pennsylvania,37Rhode Island,38South Carolina,39Tennessee,40Texas,41Vermont,42Virginia,43Wisconsin.
Archives of the44U. S. Embassy at Mexico.
Archives of the45U. S. Legation in Texas: State Dept., Washington.
Archives of U. S. Navy Dept.46Captain’s Letters;47Squadron Letters;48Confidential Letter Books;49Orders;50Executive Letters;51Marine Corps.
Archives of U. S. State Dept.52Correspondence (and enclosures) with diplomatic and consular agents in Mexico, Great Britain, France, Spain, Prussia and Texas;53Notes to and from the legations of those countries;54Report Books;55Confidential Report Books;56SpecialMissions and Correspondence with confidential agents in Mexico, Texas and California;57Domestic Letter Books;58Miscellaneous Letters and Replies;59Circulars issued to diplomatic and consular agents. See also Claims Commission.
Archives of U. S. War Dept.60Secretary of War’s files;61Adjutant General’s files;62Quartermaster General’s files;63Military Book;64Adjutant General, Miscellany;65Orders;66Engineer’s office;67Bureau of Topog. Engineers;68Judge Advocate General’s office, courts martial, courts of inquiry;69Discontinued Commands, etc.
Archivo69adel Distrito Federal, Mexico.
Archivo70General y Público (particularly “Guerra”), Mexico.
Archivo71Histórico-Nacional, Madrid.
Archivo72Nacional de Cuba.
Archivo73Particular del Ministerio de Estado, Madrid.
Archivos (National) de74Fomento (Maps);75Gobernación (formerly called “Relaciones Interiores”);75aHacienda;76Guerra y Marina;77Relaciones (i.e., Exteriores). At Mexico City.
Archivos (State) de78Coahuila,79Jalisco,80México,81Nuevo León,82Puebla,83Querétaro,84San Luis Potosí,85Tamaulipas,86Vera Cruz,87Zacatecas. At the state capitals.
Archivos (Municipal) de88Córdoba,89Guadalajara,90Jalapa,91Matamoros,92México,93Monterey,94Orizaba,95Puebla,96Querétaro,97Saltillo,98San Luis Potosí,99Tampico,100Vera Cruz,101Victoria,102Zacatecas.
Avila, Juan.103Notas Californianas: Bancroft Coll.
Ayer104Collection: Newberry Library, Chicago.
Baldridge, William.105The Days of 1846: Bancroft Coll.
Bancroft106Collection: Univ. of California.
Bancroft107Papers: New York City Public Library.
Bancroft, George.108Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Bandini, Juan.109Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Barbour, H. H.110Diary: Mrs. Barbour.
Beauregard, P. G. T.111Papers: C. S. Hook, Esq.
Beauregard, P. G. T.112Papers: Justin H. Smith.
Beauregard, P. G. T.113Reminiscences (done by him from diary and notes): Claiborne papers, Mississippi Dept. of Hist.
Beeler, Louis F.114Recollections.
Belden, Josiah.115Statement: Bancroft Coll.
Bell, A. N.116Document.
Benjamin, W. R.117Collection.
Berlandier, Luis.118Papers: Library of Congress.
Bevan, William.119Statement.
Biddle, James.120Papers: Library of Congress.
Biddle, Charles J.121Papers: Charles Biddle, Esq.
Bidwell, John.122California, 1841–8: Bancroft Coll.
Bidwell, John.123Statement: Harvard Univ. Library.
Blocklenger, Benjamin.124Letter.
Bonham, Milledge L.125Letters: Dr. Milledge Lake Bonham, Ill.
Botello, Narciso.126Anales del Sur de la California: Bancroft Coll.
Boyle, John.127Letter: Miss Esmeralda Boyle.
Brackett, A. G.128Diary: Mrs. Brackett.
Breckenridge, Robert J.129Papers: Library of Congress.
Brichta, A. C.130Letter: belonging to the family.
Brindle, William.131Statement: J. D. Parrish, Esq.
Buchanan, James.132Papers: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.
Buck, Dr. Solon J.133Collection.
Burton, C. M.134Collection, Public Library, Detroit.
Butler, Anthony.135Papers: Univ. of Texas.
Butterfield, James.136Recollections.
Calhoun, John C.137Papers: Clemson Coll.
Calhoun, John C.137aPapers: Library of Congress.
Campbell, William B.138Letters: John DeWitt, Esq.
Campbell, William B. (and David).139Papers: Lemuel R. Campbell, Esq.; Mrs. James S. Pilcher.
Cantwell, John L. P.140Letter: Miss Jessica R. Smith.
Carson, J. C.141Statement: Bancroft Coll.
Carson, J. H.142Gold Mines of 1848: Bancroft Coll.
Cary, T. G.143California Papers: Boston Public Library.
Cassidy, P. A.144Recollections.
Castro, Manuel.145Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Caswell, William R.146Diary and Letters: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Chamberlain, S. E.147Diary: loaned by the writer.
Chamberlain, S. E.148Recollections (verbal).
Chase, Salmon P.149Papers: Library of Congress.
Cheatham, B. F.150Diary and Papers: Mrs. Telfair Hodgson.
Claiborne, J. F. H.151Papers: State of Mississippi, Dept. of Hist.
Claiborne, Thomas.152Memoirs: belonging to the family.
Claims Commission of 1849.153Book of Awards;154Book of Opinions;155Journal: U. S. State Dept.
Clay, Henry.156Papers: Library of Congress.
Cobb, Howell.157Papers (printed later by the Amer. Hist. Assoc.): Dr. U. B. Phillips.
Cobb, Howell.158Papers: Dr. R. P. Brooks.
Collins, Francis.159Papers (published later in the Qtrly. Publication of the Hist. and Philos. Soc. of Ohio, 1915, Nos. 2–3).
Columbus.160Record of Punishments, 1846–7: U. S. Naval Academy Library.
Congress.161Journal of a Cruise, 1846: U. S. Naval Academy Library.
Conner, David.162Papers: Hon. Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Conner, David.163Papers: P. F. Madigan, Esq.
Conner, David.164Papers: Library of Congress.
Conner, David.165Papers: Navy Dept. Library.
Conner, David.166Papers: New York City Library.
Coutts.167Diary of a March to California: Bancroft Coll.
Crallé, R. K.168Papers: Library of Congress.
Crittenden, J. J.169Papers: Library of Congress.
Crooker Family (of South Carolina).170Papers: Dr. E. M. Shealy.
Cyane.171Journal of a Cruise; Abstract of Journal: U. S. Naval Academy Library.
Cyane.172Log Book: Library, U. S. Navy Dept.
Davis, Jefferson.173Address: Library of Congress (reading-room desk).
Davis, Jefferson.174Papers: Confederate Memorial, New Orleans.
Davis, Jefferson.175Papers: Library of Congress.
Davis, Jefferson.176Papers: State of Mississippi, Dept. of Hist.
Davis, John W.177Statement of the Battle of San Pascual: Bancroft Coll.
Davis, T. F.178Diary: belonging to the family.
Diario179Esactísimo de lo ocurrido en México, etc.: Bancroft Coll.
Dreer180Collection: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.
Donelson, A. J.181Papers: Mrs. Wm. A. Donelson (now in the Library of Congress).
Dormitzer, Walter.182Collection.
Drum, R. C.183Recollections (verbal).
Duke, Moses S.184Letters: Miss Winnie V. Lynch.
Duncan, James.185Papers: U. S. Military Academy.
Duncan, W. L.186Notes on Bishop’s Journal: McLean County (Ill.) Hist. Soc.
Eddy187Manuscripts: Charles Carroll, Esq.
Edwards, Marcellus B.188Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.
Evans, Mrs. Lucy.189Letter: belonging to the family.
Ewing, J. C.190Diary: belonging to the family.
Fairfield, John.191Papers: Library of Congress.
Ford.192Collection: New York City Public Library.
Foster, R. C.193Letters: Mrs. Edward W. Foster.
Fourth (Mexican) Infantry.194Book of Accounts: New York Hist. Soc.
Fowler, W. P.195Collection.
Frémont, John C.196Statement: Library of Harvard Univ.
Gaines, E. P.197Papers: Library of Congress.
Gallatin, Albert.198Papers: New York Hist. Soc.
García, Señ. Lic. D. Genaro.199Collection.
Gibbes, W. H.200Collection.
Gibson, George R.201Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.
Giménez, M. M.202Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.
Gleason, James.203Letter.
Gouverneur, S. L.204Diary: Mrs. Rose Gouverneur Hoes.
Graham, L. P.205Memorandum Book: E. W. McGlenen, Esq.
Graham, W. A.206Papers: A. W. Graham, Esq.
Griffin, John S.207Journal of 1846: Bancroft Coll.
Guadalajara (Public Library)208Collection.
Guitar, Aldon.209Letter.
Hammond, J. H.210Diary and Papers: Library of Congress.
Hardie, James A.211Papers: Library of Congress.
Hastings, D. H.212Diary: loaned by the writer.
Hatch, John P.213Letters: Library of Congress.
Hays, John C., and Caperton, John.214Life and Adventures of John C. Hays: Bancroft Coll.
Heald, Nathan.215Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.
Heiman, A.216Services of the First Regt. of Tennessee: Tennessee Hist. Soc.
Henshaw, J. C.217Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Henshaw, J. C.218Narrative, prepared by Mrs. Henshaw from his papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Heráldica219del Ejército Mex., etc.: Biblioteca Nacional.
Higgins, H. H.220Plans and letters: Mrs. T. M. Coxe.
Hill, D. H.221Diary: Pres. D. H. Hill.
Hiney, E. F.222Diary.
Hirschorn, Jacob.223Recollections: Justin H. Smith.
Hitchcock, E. A.224Diary and Papers: Mrs. E. A. Hitchcock (now in the Library of Congress).
Holt, Joseph.225Papers: Library of Congress.
Hook, C. S.226Collection.
Hoyle, E. D.227Recollections.
Illinois University.228Collection.
Indiana State Library.229Collection.
Itúrbide, Agustín de.230Papers: Library of Congress.
Jackson, Andrew.231Papers: Library of Congress.
Jameson, J. Franklin.232Collection.
Janssens, Agustín.233Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Johnson, Andrew.234Papers: Library of Congress.
Jones, Roger.235Papers: W. R. Benjamin, Esq.
Judah, H. M.236Diary: Library of Congress.
Kearny, S. W.237Letter Book: Missouri Hist. Soc.
Keating, E. H.238Map of Monterey, Mex.: Monterey City Govt.
Kemper, Jackson.239Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.
Kennerly, W. C.240Narrative.
Kent, James.241Papers: Library of Congress.
Kingsbury, D. M.242Letters to his Mother.
Kribben, Christian.243Home Letters: B. D. Kribben, Esq.
Lakin, George W.244Papers: Univ. of Wisconsin Library.
Lamar, M. B.245Papers: Texas State Library.
Lane, Joseph.246Autobiography: Bancroft Coll.
Larkin, T. O.247Papers: Bancroft Coll.
Lasselle, Stanislaus.248Papers: Indiana State Library.
Leese, Jacob P.249Bear Flag Papers: Bancroft Coll.
Lieber, Francis.250Papers: Library of Congress.
Lowry, Robert.251Narrative.
Mackall, W. W.252Letters: belonging to the family.
McLean, John.253Papers: Library of Congress.
McClellan, Geo. B.254Diary and Papers: Library of Congress.
Mangum, W. P.255Papers: A. W. Graham, Esq.
Marcy, W. L.256Papers: Library of Congress.
Markoe and Maxcy.257Papers: Library of Congress.
Marshall, Henry.258Recollections: Bancroft Coll.
Maryland Hist. Soc.259Collection.
Massachusetts Hist. Soc.260Collection.
Mémoires.261 I, Apparently prepared by the French agent in Mexico;261aII Sur les Revolutions du Mexique: Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.
Memorias.262Reports issued under this title by Depts. of the Mexican government (see also “Memorias” under the head of Books and Pamphlets. A number of the Memorias were not published—unless in newspapers—but exist in MS. in the library of the Sría. de Relaciones).
Mervine, William.263Letter Books and Papers: Navy Dept. Library.
Mexican Hist.264Documents: Museo Nacional, Mexico.
Miller, N. C.265Letter.
Miller, W. D.266Papers: belonging to the family.
Mississippi Dept. of Hist.267Collections (Dr. Dunbar Rowland, Director).
Missouri Hist. Soc.268Collection.
Molina, Señ. D. Ignacio.269Recollections (verbal).
Moore, H. Judge.270Diary.
Morales, J. B.271Papers: Library of Congress.
Morgan, George.272Memoir of: Col. J. M. Morgan.
Mullan, James.273Diary: belonging to the family.
Neeld, Peter C.274Letter.
Nelson, T. B., Jr.275Letter: Mrs. Annie J. Holland.
Neville, Harvey.276Diary: Chicago Hist. Soc.
New York Hist. Soc.277Collection.
Niehenke, R.278Statement.
Notes.279Sur les Possessions Espagnoles en Amérique: Dépt. des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.
Nunelee, S. F.280Diary: James Howell Nunelee, Esq.
O’Keefe, Michael.281Statement: Justin H. Smith.
Olivera, Agustín.282Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Orders (General and Special).283Army of the North under Mejía, Ampudia and Arista: New York Hist. Soc.
Otero, M.284Comunicación que sobre las Negoc. Diplom., etc.: Yale Univ. Library.
Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano.285Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.
Parker, James.286Statement.
Parrish, P. C.287Diary.
Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.288Collection.
Pérez de Acal.289Papers: Guadalajara Public Library.
Pico, Pio (Familia Pico).290Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Pierce, Franklin.291Papers: Library of Congress.
Pillow, Gideon J.292Letters: W. R. Benjamin Collection.
Pillow, Gideon J.293Letters: Library of Congress.
Pillow, Gideon J.294Letters: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.
Pinto, Rafael.295Apuntaciones para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Poinsett, Joel R.296Papers: Pennsylvania Hist. Soc.
Polk, James K.297Papers: Library of Congress (including the Polk papers examined by the author at the Chicago Hist. Soc.).
Porter, Andrew.298Papers: Major John Biddle Porter.
Posey, Carnot.299Letters: Dr. Walter L. Fleming.
Pricket, John A.300Letters.
Primer Battn. Activo de Oaxaca.301Libro de Servicios: Rhode Island Hist. Soc.
Puryear, J. F.302Document.
Quitman, John A.303Papers: in possession of the family.
Quitman, John A.304Papers in the Claiborne Papers.
Richardson, C. T.305Recollections: Justin H. Smith.
Riser, J. J.306Recollections (Mormon Battalion).
Roberts, B. S.307Diary and letters: Brigadier General B. K. Roberts.
Roberts, Charles.308Autograph Collection: Haverford Coll.
Roessler, Edward.309Diary: belonging to the family.
Roque, J. K.310Document.
Santa Anna, A. L. de.311Papers: Señ. Lic. D. Genaro García.
Santa Anna, A. L. de.312Papers: Library of Congress.
Saunders, J. L.313Papers: Library of Congress.
Sawyer, Charles H.314Documents for the Hist. of the Conquest of California: Bancroft Coll.
Schouler, William.315Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Sherman, W. T.316Papers: Library of Congress.
Sibley, H. H.317Papers: Minnesota Hist. Soc.
Smith, C. B.318Papers: Library of Congress.
Smith, George.319Diary: belonging to the family.
Smith, Persifor F.320Papers: State Normal School, West Chester, Pa.
Smith, T. F.321Diary: belonging to the writer.
Smith, W. B.322Diary: belonging to the family.
Stevenson, J. D.323Letter Book;324General Order Book;325Regimental Order Book: New York Hist. Soc.
Sumner, Charles.326Papers: Harvard Univ. Library.
Sutherland, D. H.327Letters: belonging to the family.
Sweet, G. N.328Statement.
Taliaferro, William B.329Papers: Miss L. S. Taliaferro.
Taylor, Zachary.330Papers: Library of Congress.
Taylor, Zachary.331Papers: Henkels catalogue.
Tennery, Thomas D.332Diary: Rev. John S. Cook, D.D.
Tlacotálpam, Mex.333Judicial Archives.
Torres, Manuel.334Peripecias de la Vida California: Bancroft Coll.
Trist, Nicholas P.335Papers: Library of Congress.
Turner, C. B.336Letter: belonging to the family.
Turner, H. S.337Diary: Missouri Hist. Soc.
U. S. House of Representatives.338Files: Capitol, Washington.
U. S. House of Representatives.339Papers: Library of Congress.
U. S. Military Academy (West Point).340Collection.
U. S. Senate.341Files: Capitol, Washington.
University of Illinois.342Collection.
Vallejo, M. G.343Documentos para la Hist. de California: Bancroft Coll.
Vallejo, M. G.344Recuerdos Hist. y Personales: Bancroft Coll.
Van Buren, Martin.345Papers: Library of Congress.
Wade, W. P.346Document: belonging to the family.
Washburne, Elihu B.347Papers: Library of Congress.
Watterston, George.348Notes on U. S. History: Library of Congress.
Watterston, George.349Papers: Library of Congress.
Weber, Juan L.350Recollections (verbal).
Webster, Daniel.351Papers: Library of Congress.
Weeks, J. W.352Reminiscences: Bancroft Coll.
Welles, Edgar T.353Collection: Connecticut Hist. Soc.
Welles, Gideon.354Papers: Library of Congress.
Wheaton, Henry.355Papers: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Whitcomb, T. M.356Diary: T. J. Whitcomb, Esq.
Wilcox, C. M.357Diary (portions copied by him): Claiborne papers, Mississippi Dept. of History.
Williams, Thomas.358Letters: Rt. Rev. G. Mott Williams.
Winthrop-Clifford.359Correspondence: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Winthrop-Kennedy.360Correspondence: Massachusetts Hist. Soc.
Woods, William.361Recollections.
Worth, G. A.362Papers: Library of Congress.
Worth, W. J.363Papers: W. R. Benjamin Collection.
Worth, W. J.364Papers: Mrs. K. S. Hubbell.
Wyse, F. O.365Papers: Miss Mary Wyse.
Yale University.366Collection (University Library).
Yell, Archibald.367Papers: Mrs. R. H. Fitzgerald.
Map Division, Library of Congress.369Map of Palo Alto.
Taylor, Zachary.370Papers: Mrs. W. R. Stauffer.
Mitchell, W. I.371Statement.
Hyde, George.372Statement of Hist. Facts on California: Bancroft Coll.
Evans, Joseph.373Narrative: Justin H. Smith.
Conner, David.374Letters: Henkels catalogue.
Madigan, P. F.375Collection.
Nicholson, A. S.376Recollections (verbal).
Willing, Wildurr.377Paper on Scott’s operations (published later).
Winthrop, R. C.378The Mexican War Bill (Massachusetts Hist. Soc.)
De Witt, John.379Collection (see also No. 138).
Footnotes[A]The notes to which this and the other “superior figures” invite attention will be found immediately after the text of the volume. In the notes only brief titles of books are given, but these may be supplemented by reference to the list of printed sources given in the appendix of the second volume. Citations (in the notes) preceded by a number in black type refer to the list of MS. sources standing at the end of the notes.[B]These figures cover also the author’s “Annexation of Texas,” which is virtually an introduction to the present work.[C]In Mexico, however, usually likesin “sun.”[D]In Mexico usually likey.[E]It will be seen that occasionally the same “superior figure” is attached to several paragraphs, and that sometimes these reference numbers are not in consecutive order. The reasons will be discovered when the reader consults the notes, which follow the text of each volume.[F]A Mexican sometimes chose to bear the family name of his mother as well as that of his father. The former was connected to the latter with the word “and” (y). Paredes y Arrillaga, Peña y Peña, Mora y Villamil are instances. In referring to such persons, however, it was customary to use only the first of the names. Thus one finds much more often “Paredes” than “Paredes y Arrillaga.”[G]Smith was colonel of the Mounted Rifles; but, as he had been brigadier general of Louisiana volunteers and now commanded a brigade, he was commonly given the higher title. In August, 1847, he was a regular brevet brigadier general.
[A]The notes to which this and the other “superior figures” invite attention will be found immediately after the text of the volume. In the notes only brief titles of books are given, but these may be supplemented by reference to the list of printed sources given in the appendix of the second volume. Citations (in the notes) preceded by a number in black type refer to the list of MS. sources standing at the end of the notes.[B]These figures cover also the author’s “Annexation of Texas,” which is virtually an introduction to the present work.[C]In Mexico, however, usually likesin “sun.”[D]In Mexico usually likey.[E]It will be seen that occasionally the same “superior figure” is attached to several paragraphs, and that sometimes these reference numbers are not in consecutive order. The reasons will be discovered when the reader consults the notes, which follow the text of each volume.[F]A Mexican sometimes chose to bear the family name of his mother as well as that of his father. The former was connected to the latter with the word “and” (y). Paredes y Arrillaga, Peña y Peña, Mora y Villamil are instances. In referring to such persons, however, it was customary to use only the first of the names. Thus one finds much more often “Paredes” than “Paredes y Arrillaga.”[G]Smith was colonel of the Mounted Rifles; but, as he had been brigadier general of Louisiana volunteers and now commanded a brigade, he was commonly given the higher title. In August, 1847, he was a regular brevet brigadier general.
[A]The notes to which this and the other “superior figures” invite attention will be found immediately after the text of the volume. In the notes only brief titles of books are given, but these may be supplemented by reference to the list of printed sources given in the appendix of the second volume. Citations (in the notes) preceded by a number in black type refer to the list of MS. sources standing at the end of the notes.
[B]These figures cover also the author’s “Annexation of Texas,” which is virtually an introduction to the present work.
[C]In Mexico, however, usually likesin “sun.”
[D]In Mexico usually likey.
[E]It will be seen that occasionally the same “superior figure” is attached to several paragraphs, and that sometimes these reference numbers are not in consecutive order. The reasons will be discovered when the reader consults the notes, which follow the text of each volume.
[F]A Mexican sometimes chose to bear the family name of his mother as well as that of his father. The former was connected to the latter with the word “and” (y). Paredes y Arrillaga, Peña y Peña, Mora y Villamil are instances. In referring to such persons, however, it was customary to use only the first of the names. Thus one finds much more often “Paredes” than “Paredes y Arrillaga.”
[G]Smith was colonel of the Mounted Rifles; but, as he had been brigadier general of Louisiana volunteers and now commanded a brigade, he was commonly given the higher title. In August, 1847, he was a regular brevet brigadier general.
Transcriber’s NoteThere are three types of notes in the text. The lettered notes (originally asterisks) were printed as standard footnotes on each page. References to these notes now appear in brackets as [A], [B] and so on. The notes themselves have been moved to directly follow the paragraph within which they are referenced. Occasionally, an asterisk is used for some other purpose, usually preceding rather than following a word or phrase, and remain asterisks.Numeric notes refer to the extensive Notes section of the text. The references to those notes in the text are themselves not necessarily consecutive, nor are they unique.Within the Notes, there are bold numbers prefixed to key words (e.g., ‘123keyword’) which serve as references to sources, to be found in the Appendix. There may be multiple references to the same source.The logic behind this system is explained by the author in his Preface, and in more detail in note 5 of the Notes to that Preface.In general, Spanish names, when used in English phrases, are printed without accents. ‘México’ is used when the language is Spanish, and ‘Mexico’, without the accent, when in English. On occasion, the printer fails to observe this distinction, as on p. xviii: “and a plan in [Mexico] á través de los Siglos”. These are considered as printer’s errors, and have been corrected here.Where variants in spelling occur in quoted passages, they are always retained.The name of the town of Matamoros is spelled, occasionally (pp. 177, 468), as ‘Matamoras’. The variants are retained.The word ‘manoeuvre’ is sometimes printed with an ‘oe’ ligature. The variant has been retained.At the end of the final paragraph of Chapter III, there is a reference to Note 41 of that chapter, which does not exist. Either the note was not included, or the reference was misnumbered. The anchor is included, and linked to a [note] to that effect.The following table describes other textual issues, and the resolution of each. The [x/y] annotations mark the additions, deletions or substitutions made to the text. Minor inconsistencies of punctuation in the Notes have been silently corrected. On several occasions, letters or numbers have gone missing from the images used to prepare this text. Where no reasonable conjecture is supportable, an empty bracket [ ] indicates the spot.p. xviii[9]. Battles of Monterey. Central Operations‘9’ is missing.and a plan in M[e/é]xico á través de los SiglosCorrected.p. 57to accomplish anything[.]Added.p. 91extend our ter[r]itory by conquestCorrected.p. 95the minister proce[e]ded to Vera CruzAdded missing ‘e’.p. 99“the i[n]gnominious loss of national integrity”Removed spurious ‘n’.p. 149made Arista commander[-]in-chiefThe hyphen is missing on the line break.p. 177rei[e]nforcementsRemoved extraneous ‘e’.could probably h[o/a]ave takenCorrected.p. 301seven hundred National [oe/G]uardsCorrected printer’s error.p. 372tha[t] he might be ableAdded missing ‘t’.p. 402Coch[e]letAdded missing ‘e’.p. 412dates given as ‘fractions’p. 415Bankhead, nos. 108 of 1844; [ ], 17,The first numeral is indistinct, may be 2, 3, 8.p. 424([i]bid., 94; Ho. 351; 25, 2,Added missing ‘i’.p. 431to cast a gratuit[u]ous aspersionRemoved gratuitous ‘u’.p. 438Carreño, Je[f]esAdded missing ‘f’.p. 440Watson, Taylo[e/r], 113–4A reference to ‘Watson, Taylor’ appears earlier. None to ‘Tayloe’.p. 476Housto[u]n, TexasMay refer to ‘Houston’, but is retained.
There are three types of notes in the text. The lettered notes (originally asterisks) were printed as standard footnotes on each page. References to these notes now appear in brackets as [A], [B] and so on. The notes themselves have been moved to directly follow the paragraph within which they are referenced. Occasionally, an asterisk is used for some other purpose, usually preceding rather than following a word or phrase, and remain asterisks.
Numeric notes refer to the extensive Notes section of the text. The references to those notes in the text are themselves not necessarily consecutive, nor are they unique.
Within the Notes, there are bold numbers prefixed to key words (e.g., ‘123keyword’) which serve as references to sources, to be found in the Appendix. There may be multiple references to the same source.
The logic behind this system is explained by the author in his Preface, and in more detail in note 5 of the Notes to that Preface.
In general, Spanish names, when used in English phrases, are printed without accents. ‘México’ is used when the language is Spanish, and ‘Mexico’, without the accent, when in English. On occasion, the printer fails to observe this distinction, as on p. xviii: “and a plan in [Mexico] á través de los Siglos”. These are considered as printer’s errors, and have been corrected here.
Where variants in spelling occur in quoted passages, they are always retained.
The name of the town of Matamoros is spelled, occasionally (pp. 177, 468), as ‘Matamoras’. The variants are retained.
The word ‘manoeuvre’ is sometimes printed with an ‘oe’ ligature. The variant has been retained.
At the end of the final paragraph of Chapter III, there is a reference to Note 41 of that chapter, which does not exist. Either the note was not included, or the reference was misnumbered. The anchor is included, and linked to a [note] to that effect.
The following table describes other textual issues, and the resolution of each. The [x/y] annotations mark the additions, deletions or substitutions made to the text. Minor inconsistencies of punctuation in the Notes have been silently corrected. On several occasions, letters or numbers have gone missing from the images used to prepare this text. Where no reasonable conjecture is supportable, an empty bracket [ ] indicates the spot.