137-8;sells a portion of its territory,140.Germans, The:76.Germany: emigration from to the United States,408;wished division of China,423.GibsonHouse, Helena:216.Gillespie, Lieutenant:248.Girty:113.Gist, Christopher:98,101.Glenn, Hugh:271.Gold: discovery of in California and its effect on the West,200,381-383.Governorof Louisiana: grants Daniel Boone a commission,117.Grapevine: use of by Daniel Boone,106.GreatBritain: arms savages below the Great Lakes,110;emigration to the United States,408.GreatMeadows:96.GreenRiver: exploration of by Ashley and Henry,336.Greenbacks: value of in the West,214.Greene, Jonathan H.:176.Gregg, Josiah:268,275,326.Hall, Fort:289.Hall, John:128.Hamilton: commandant of Detroit,111.“Harrington”:176.Harris, Ann:79.Harris, Hannah:78.Harrod, James:99.Harrodsburg:42,99.HarvardCollege:169.Hawkins, Joseph:150.Helplessnessof trapper without a horse:28.Henderson, Colonel:108.Henry, Fort:332,334.Henry, Major Andrew: builds Fort Henry,334;undertakes exploration of Green River,336.Hill, James J.:390.Holden, Joseph:103.Horse, The American: aid r=endered Western explorer,25-31.Horsestealing: a serious crime,28.Houston, Sam:174,177.Howard, John:101.Howe, Henry:352.Huger, Isaac:140.Hunt:333.Hunt, Wilson Price:294.Hunter, John D.:340.Hunter, Mary:78.Hynds, Alexander:130.IllinoisCentral Railroad:369-371.Illinois, Governor of:189.Immigration: caused by Civil War,356;its effect on the West,357;an argument against unrestricted immigration,401-412;restriction contemplated by Great Britain,404;statistics for,407-411.Independence: starting point of Santa Fé trail,276.Indians: could not occupy trans-Alleghany ground,49.Individual, The: losing his grip in America to-day,399.Industrialrevolution of the West:355.Ingles, Mary Draper:99.Inman:270.Iroquois, The: trafficked with the English,43;allied with New York,47.Irrigationof the West:413-416.Italy: emigration to the United States,409,410.Jackson, General Andrew:55;serves in Creek War,154;opposed by Crockett,167;denounced by Crockett,170;favors annexation of Texas,178;opposed by Crockett because of veto for Maysville road,183.Jamison, Robert:79.Jefferson, Thomas:68,300.Jews, Russian:405.Johnston, General Albert Sidney:298.Johnson, Sir William: Indian agent,48;foot-note,83.Jonesboro, meeting at:133;courts held at by Franklin,137.Joy, James F.:367.Kaskaskia:45; visited by General Lafayette,189.Kearney, General:249.Keel-boat, The:185.Kenton, Simon:114.Kentucky: fights for a highway over the Appalachians,41;occupied by dangerous Indian tribes,43;outpost of civilization,50;saved to the Union,58;pioneers of,80;by whom settled,88;explored by Salling and Walker,98;recapitulation of explorations,100-101;separated from Virginia and set up as a state,116;pays debt to Daniel Boone and his wife,120;part included in Free State of Franklin,125.Kentuckysettlements:58.Kephart, Horace:44.Kin Cade:230.Kincaid:229.Kootenaitrail, The:341.Laborunions:399.Lafayette, General:189.Lafitte:173.LajeunesseBasil:241,248.La Lande:263.Langford, N. P.:134,140,210.Laramie, Fort:295.Law: position of the West in regard to,127-128.“LeatherstockingTales”:45.Lederer, John:101.Lee, Captain U. S. A.:236.Lee’sarmy:215.Lewis, Meriwether:76.Lewisand Clark:71,287.Linseedoil: price of in Montana,214.Liza, Manuel:335.LogCollege:85.Long, Major: report of his Platte expedition,193;seeks the Red River,287.“LongHunters”:100.Louisthe Grand Monarch:194.Louisiana: settled after Canada,46;evils likely to arise from its incorporation into the Union,63;dispute with Spain over Sabine as boundary of,173.LouisianaPurchase:60-61;significance of,61.Luther, Martin:88.McBride, James:100.McComb, H. S.:371.McCullough, John:101.McGaryfight:113.McKee:113.Mackenzie:333.Mackinawboats:198.McKnight, John:271.McKnight, Robert:230.McKnight, Baird and Chambers:268-271.McLaughlin, Doctor:324.McLellan:333.Malgres:266.Malletbrothers, The:263.Man, The West-bound American:51.Mansco, Kasper:99.Mansker, Kasper:99.Maritimesupremacy: struggle for, with Great Britain,424.Marketsof the world: a struggle for to-day,388.Martin, Governor of North Carolina:136-137.MartinAcademy:132.MarylandCanal:348.Massachusetts: part played in the development of the West,347.“Mayflower,” The:42.Maxwell: establishes ranch with Carson,253.Maysvilleroad: bill for,183.Merriwether:267.Metropotamia:69.Mexicancapital: in western trade,274.Michigan, Lake:188.Militia, The Pennsylvania:96.Mills: improvement of rifle by,13.Minneapolis: emigration offices in,418.Mississippi: few whites there in 1800,46.“MississippiTerritory”:70.MississippiRiver: why explored from the North,46;control of secured,60;little understood by statesmen a hundred years ago,61;as a boundary of civilization,68;a boundary of states in “Ordinance of Northwest,”68;descended by John McCullough,101;first explorers,73.Missouri: becomes outpost of civilization,50;first steamboat on,188.MissouriFur Company:197.Monay, James:103.Montana, routes to:211.“MontanaPost”:210.Mooney, James:103.Morgan, Colonel George: foot-note,82-83.Morgan, J. Pierpont:369.Mormons, The:296.Morrison, William: merchant of Kaskaskia,282,335.Morton, Paul:388.Motherof the West:40.Moultrie, Alexander:140.Murphywagons:211.Murray, John Dormer:78.NapoleonBonaparte:61,212.Nashville, Tennessee: settlement,54-57;in touch with the Ohio River,58.Nationalroad:64,183.Neeley, Alexander:104.NeshaminyChurch:85.New England: not the mother of the West,39;realization of the West,40;character of population compared to that of western Pennsylvania,44;explanation of her part in discovery of the West,44;chances in favor of it in western movement,49;gives a cordial reception to Crockett,169.Newfoundland: emigration to the United States,407.New Madridearthquakes:157.NewOrleans: easy to reach from Kentucky,58;visited by John McCullough,101;the steamer,187.“NewPurchase”:156.Newspaper: first in the West,126.NewYork, parent of the West:40;her policy toward the Indians,47;spared by Six Nations,47;influence with Indians due to Sir William Johnson,48;gains lands from the Iroquois,48;chances in favor of it in westward movement,49.Nicollet:265.North, The: occupies Western territory;the South opens,189.NorthCarolina: men from, built Harrodsburg and Boonesborough,42.NorthernPacific Railway, The:365.Northwest, The: its rapid settlement to-day,299.NorthwestCompany: extends posts along our Northern border,196;rival of Hudson Bay Company,329.NorthwesternCompany, The:333.NorthwestTerritory, The:124.Norway: emigration to the United States,408.Occupationof the West: a study of transportation,36.Ohio: receives first population from New England,70.“OhioLand Company”:41.OhioRiver: known in early days,38;center of population on,220.Ojibways:22.“OldBetsy”:168.“Ordinanceof the Northwest”:68.Oregon: density of population in 1870,220;should extend to Alaska,289-290.Oregontrail: greatest of all American roads,262;early need for,289;early makers,291;its beginning,293;early adventurers along,294;a second stage begins,297;first agricultural invasion along,298;distance and direction,305-310.“OregonTrail,” Parkman’s:303.Osborn, William Henry:368-372.Oxen: used as pack animals,206.Pacific: first man to reach it by land trail,318.PacificFur Company:197.Pacificrailway: delayed by the Civil War,354.Packhorse:202.Packing, flexibility of charges for:204.Paine, Justice of Wisconsin:377.Panniers:30.Parkman, Francis:275,300-304.Pastimesof frontiersmen:16.Pathfinder, The Great:224.Pawnees, The: wear Spanish medals,338.Pax Jacksonii:178.Pelesipia:69,124.Penn, William:76.Pennsylvania: starting point of the westward movement,13;chances against it in westward movement,49;first trail from,73;migrations from in last half of eighteenth century,77.Peters, Doctor:228.Petitionof Robertson and Sevier’s men:59.Phenicia:36.Philadelphia:76,168.Phillibert:266-7.Physicalstrength: its importance in the West,192.Pianotaken to a mining camp:204.Pike, Lieutenant Zebulon: marches to the Colorado,71;theory of straight lines,262;seeks headwaters of Red River,264;opposed by the Spaniards,266;selects route of Santa Fé trail,270;mistakes Rio Grande for Red River,287;journeys of,337-339.Pioneersof Kentucky:80.Pirate, The:176,181.Plains, Indians:340.PlattRiver: ancient road of the Indians,293.Poland: emigration to the United States,410.Polk, Colonel:159.Population: center of in 1860,220;of America,221.Post, The:215-216.Potatoes: price of in San Juan mining camp in 1875,203;in Montana,215;in Chicago in 1902,393.Powell, Major:336.Prices: high in the Rockies,203;in Virginia City, Montana,214-216.Princeton:85,131.“Proceedingsof Sundry Citizens of Baltimore”:349.Prosperity: a false condition of to-day,395-401.Protestant, The:53.Purcell, James:263.Puritans:42-3.Putnam, Rufus:41.Quakers:53; stem of pioneer stock,76;find homes west of the Alleghanies,77.Quicksilver: hard to pack in the mountains,205.Railroads: wooden-railed road from Chicago to Galena,346;idea of Philip Evans Thomas,348-9;routes suggested to the Pacific,351-2;prophecy of what a road to the Pacific would do,353;to the Pacific delayed by Civil War,354;part played by them in the development of the West,362-367;changes wrought by them,385;their growth in America,386;formerly owned largely outside the U. S.,389;an overgrowth to-day,391;will settle future of the West,420.Ramsey:134.Receipt-book of William Flack:81.RedRiver carts:345.Reed:333.“Rememberthe Alamo”:182.Rifle, The American: description,11-18.RioGrande:173.Robertson: rebellion of his men against Washington,59;formulates first written compact of civil government,130.Robertson, Charles:128.Robertson, James:53-4.RockyMountain Fur Company:197.Roosevelt, Mr.: of New York,187.Roundhead:37.Routessuggested to the Pacific:351-2.Routesto Montana:211.Rush:177.Russia: emigration to the U. S.,410;England’s answer to,421.SabineRiver:173.St. Clair: defeat of,114.St. Louis: became great by reason of her situation,51;depot for fur trade,70;a city of location,364.St. Paul: emigration offices in,418.St. Vrain, Colonel:257.SalemPresbyterian Church:131.Salling, John Peter:98-9,101.Salt: its importance in early days,100.SanAntonio: Texans at,175;Crockett inside the gates of,
137-8;sells a portion of its territory,140.Germans, The:76.Germany: emigration from to the United States,408;wished division of China,423.GibsonHouse, Helena:216.Gillespie, Lieutenant:248.Girty:113.Gist, Christopher:98,101.Glenn, Hugh:271.Gold: discovery of in California and its effect on the West,200,381-383.Governorof Louisiana: grants Daniel Boone a commission,117.Grapevine: use of by Daniel Boone,106.GreatBritain: arms savages below the Great Lakes,110;emigration to the United States,408.GreatMeadows:96.GreenRiver: exploration of by Ashley and Henry,336.Greenbacks: value of in the West,214.Greene, Jonathan H.:176.Gregg, Josiah:268,275,326.Hall, Fort:289.Hall, John:128.Hamilton: commandant of Detroit,111.“Harrington”:176.Harris, Ann:79.Harris, Hannah:78.Harrod, James:99.Harrodsburg:42,99.HarvardCollege:169.Hawkins, Joseph:150.Helplessnessof trapper without a horse:28.Henderson, Colonel:108.Henry, Fort:332,334.Henry, Major Andrew: builds Fort Henry,334;undertakes exploration of Green River,336.Hill, James J.:390.Holden, Joseph:103.Horse, The American: aid r=endered Western explorer,25-31.Horsestealing: a serious crime,28.Houston, Sam:174,177.Howard, John:101.Howe, Henry:352.Huger, Isaac:140.Hunt:333.Hunt, Wilson Price:294.Hunter, John D.:340.Hunter, Mary:78.Hynds, Alexander:130.IllinoisCentral Railroad:369-371.Illinois, Governor of:189.Immigration: caused by Civil War,356;its effect on the West,357;an argument against unrestricted immigration,401-412;restriction contemplated by Great Britain,404;statistics for,407-411.Independence: starting point of Santa Fé trail,276.Indians: could not occupy trans-Alleghany ground,49.Individual, The: losing his grip in America to-day,399.Industrialrevolution of the West:355.Ingles, Mary Draper:99.Inman:270.Iroquois, The: trafficked with the English,43;allied with New York,47.Irrigationof the West:413-416.Italy: emigration to the United States,409,410.Jackson, General Andrew:55;serves in Creek War,154;opposed by Crockett,167;denounced by Crockett,170;favors annexation of Texas,178;opposed by Crockett because of veto for Maysville road,183.Jamison, Robert:79.Jefferson, Thomas:68,300.Jews, Russian:405.Johnston, General Albert Sidney:298.Johnson, Sir William: Indian agent,48;foot-note,83.Jonesboro, meeting at:133;courts held at by Franklin,137.Joy, James F.:367.Kaskaskia:45; visited by General Lafayette,189.Kearney, General:249.Keel-boat, The:185.Kenton, Simon:114.Kentucky: fights for a highway over the Appalachians,41;occupied by dangerous Indian tribes,43;outpost of civilization,50;saved to the Union,58;pioneers of,80;by whom settled,88;explored by Salling and Walker,98;recapitulation of explorations,100-101;separated from Virginia and set up as a state,116;pays debt to Daniel Boone and his wife,120;part included in Free State of Franklin,125.Kentuckysettlements:58.Kephart, Horace:44.Kin Cade:230.Kincaid:229.Kootenaitrail, The:341.Laborunions:399.Lafayette, General:189.Lafitte:173.LajeunesseBasil:241,248.La Lande:263.Langford, N. P.:134,140,210.Laramie, Fort:295.Law: position of the West in regard to,127-128.“LeatherstockingTales”:45.Lederer, John:101.Lee, Captain U. S. A.:236.Lee’sarmy:215.Lewis, Meriwether:76.Lewisand Clark:71,287.Linseedoil: price of in Montana,214.Liza, Manuel:335.LogCollege:85.Long, Major: report of his Platte expedition,193;seeks the Red River,287.“LongHunters”:100.Louisthe Grand Monarch:194.Louisiana: settled after Canada,46;evils likely to arise from its incorporation into the Union,63;dispute with Spain over Sabine as boundary of,173.LouisianaPurchase:60-61;significance of,61.Luther, Martin:88.McBride, James:100.McComb, H. S.:371.McCullough, John:101.McGaryfight:113.McKee:113.Mackenzie:333.Mackinawboats:198.McKnight, John:271.McKnight, Robert:230.McKnight, Baird and Chambers:268-271.McLaughlin, Doctor:324.McLellan:333.Malgres:266.Malletbrothers, The:263.Man, The West-bound American:51.Mansco, Kasper:99.Mansker, Kasper:99.Maritimesupremacy: struggle for, with Great Britain,424.Marketsof the world: a struggle for to-day,388.Martin, Governor of North Carolina:136-137.MartinAcademy:132.MarylandCanal:348.Massachusetts: part played in the development of the West,347.“Mayflower,” The:42.Maxwell: establishes ranch with Carson,253.Maysvilleroad: bill for,183.Merriwether:267.Metropotamia:69.Mexicancapital: in western trade,274.Michigan, Lake:188.Militia, The Pennsylvania:96.Mills: improvement of rifle by,13.Minneapolis: emigration offices in,418.Mississippi: few whites there in 1800,46.“MississippiTerritory”:70.MississippiRiver: why explored from the North,46;control of secured,60;little understood by statesmen a hundred years ago,61;as a boundary of civilization,68;a boundary of states in “Ordinance of Northwest,”68;descended by John McCullough,101;first explorers,73.Missouri: becomes outpost of civilization,50;first steamboat on,188.MissouriFur Company:197.Monay, James:103.Montana, routes to:211.“MontanaPost”:210.Mooney, James:103.Morgan, Colonel George: foot-note,82-83.Morgan, J. Pierpont:369.Mormons, The:296.Morrison, William: merchant of Kaskaskia,282,335.Morton, Paul:388.Motherof the West:40.Moultrie, Alexander:140.Murphywagons:211.Murray, John Dormer:78.NapoleonBonaparte:61,212.Nashville, Tennessee: settlement,54-57;in touch with the Ohio River,58.Nationalroad:64,183.Neeley, Alexander:104.NeshaminyChurch:85.New England: not the mother of the West,39;realization of the West,40;character of population compared to that of western Pennsylvania,44;explanation of her part in discovery of the West,44;chances in favor of it in western movement,49;gives a cordial reception to Crockett,169.Newfoundland: emigration to the United States,407.New Madridearthquakes:157.NewOrleans: easy to reach from Kentucky,58;visited by John McCullough,101;the steamer,187.“NewPurchase”:156.Newspaper: first in the West,126.NewYork, parent of the West:40;her policy toward the Indians,47;spared by Six Nations,47;influence with Indians due to Sir William Johnson,48;gains lands from the Iroquois,48;chances in favor of it in westward movement,49.Nicollet:265.North, The: occupies Western territory;the South opens,189.NorthCarolina: men from, built Harrodsburg and Boonesborough,42.NorthernPacific Railway, The:365.Northwest, The: its rapid settlement to-day,299.NorthwestCompany: extends posts along our Northern border,196;rival of Hudson Bay Company,329.NorthwesternCompany, The:333.NorthwestTerritory, The:124.Norway: emigration to the United States,408.Occupationof the West: a study of transportation,36.Ohio: receives first population from New England,70.“OhioLand Company”:41.OhioRiver: known in early days,38;center of population on,220.Ojibways:22.“OldBetsy”:168.“Ordinanceof the Northwest”:68.Oregon: density of population in 1870,220;should extend to Alaska,289-290.Oregontrail: greatest of all American roads,262;early need for,289;early makers,291;its beginning,293;early adventurers along,294;a second stage begins,297;first agricultural invasion along,298;distance and direction,305-310.“OregonTrail,” Parkman’s:303.Osborn, William Henry:368-372.Oxen: used as pack animals,206.Pacific: first man to reach it by land trail,318.PacificFur Company:197.Pacificrailway: delayed by the Civil War,354.Packhorse:202.Packing, flexibility of charges for:204.Paine, Justice of Wisconsin:377.Panniers:30.Parkman, Francis:275,300-304.Pastimesof frontiersmen:16.Pathfinder, The Great:224.Pawnees, The: wear Spanish medals,338.Pax Jacksonii:178.Pelesipia:69,124.Penn, William:76.Pennsylvania: starting point of the westward movement,13;chances against it in westward movement,49;first trail from,73;migrations from in last half of eighteenth century,77.Peters, Doctor:228.Petitionof Robertson and Sevier’s men:59.Phenicia:36.Philadelphia:76,168.Phillibert:266-7.Physicalstrength: its importance in the West,192.Pianotaken to a mining camp:204.Pike, Lieutenant Zebulon: marches to the Colorado,71;theory of straight lines,262;seeks headwaters of Red River,264;opposed by the Spaniards,266;selects route of Santa Fé trail,270;mistakes Rio Grande for Red River,287;journeys of,337-339.Pioneersof Kentucky:80.Pirate, The:176,181.Plains, Indians:340.PlattRiver: ancient road of the Indians,293.Poland: emigration to the United States,410.Polk, Colonel:159.Population: center of in 1860,220;of America,221.Post, The:215-216.Potatoes: price of in San Juan mining camp in 1875,203;in Montana,215;in Chicago in 1902,393.Powell, Major:336.Prices: high in the Rockies,203;in Virginia City, Montana,214-216.Princeton:85,131.“Proceedingsof Sundry Citizens of Baltimore”:349.Prosperity: a false condition of to-day,395-401.Protestant, The:53.Purcell, James:263.Puritans:42-3.Putnam, Rufus:41.Quakers:53; stem of pioneer stock,76;find homes west of the Alleghanies,77.Quicksilver: hard to pack in the mountains,205.Railroads: wooden-railed road from Chicago to Galena,346;idea of Philip Evans Thomas,348-9;routes suggested to the Pacific,351-2;prophecy of what a road to the Pacific would do,353;to the Pacific delayed by Civil War,354;part played by them in the development of the West,362-367;changes wrought by them,385;their growth in America,386;formerly owned largely outside the U. S.,389;an overgrowth to-day,391;will settle future of the West,420.Ramsey:134.Receipt-book of William Flack:81.RedRiver carts:345.Reed:333.“Rememberthe Alamo”:182.Rifle, The American: description,11-18.RioGrande:173.Robertson: rebellion of his men against Washington,59;formulates first written compact of civil government,130.Robertson, Charles:128.Robertson, James:53-4.RockyMountain Fur Company:197.Roosevelt, Mr.: of New York,187.Roundhead:37.Routessuggested to the Pacific:351-2.Routesto Montana:211.Rush:177.Russia: emigration to the U. S.,410;England’s answer to,421.SabineRiver:173.St. Clair: defeat of,114.St. Louis: became great by reason of her situation,51;depot for fur trade,70;a city of location,364.St. Paul: emigration offices in,418.St. Vrain, Colonel:257.SalemPresbyterian Church:131.Salling, John Peter:98-9,101.Salt: its importance in early days,100.SanAntonio: Texans at,175;Crockett inside the gates of,
137-8;sells a portion of its territory,140.Germans, The:76.Germany: emigration from to the United States,408;wished division of China,423.GibsonHouse, Helena:216.Gillespie, Lieutenant:248.Girty:113.Gist, Christopher:98,101.Glenn, Hugh:271.Gold: discovery of in California and its effect on the West,200,381-383.Governorof Louisiana: grants Daniel Boone a commission,117.Grapevine: use of by Daniel Boone,106.GreatBritain: arms savages below the Great Lakes,110;emigration to the United States,408.GreatMeadows:96.GreenRiver: exploration of by Ashley and Henry,336.Greenbacks: value of in the West,214.Greene, Jonathan H.:176.Gregg, Josiah:268,275,326.Hall, Fort:289.Hall, John:128.Hamilton: commandant of Detroit,111.“Harrington”:176.Harris, Ann:79.Harris, Hannah:78.Harrod, James:99.Harrodsburg:42,99.HarvardCollege:169.Hawkins, Joseph:150.Helplessnessof trapper without a horse:28.Henderson, Colonel:108.Henry, Fort:332,334.Henry, Major Andrew: builds Fort Henry,334;undertakes exploration of Green River,336.Hill, James J.:390.Holden, Joseph:103.Horse, The American: aid r=endered Western explorer,25-31.Horsestealing: a serious crime,28.Houston, Sam:174,177.Howard, John:101.Howe, Henry:352.Huger, Isaac:140.Hunt:333.Hunt, Wilson Price:294.Hunter, John D.:340.Hunter, Mary:78.Hynds, Alexander:130.IllinoisCentral Railroad:369-371.Illinois, Governor of:189.Immigration: caused by Civil War,356;its effect on the West,357;an argument against unrestricted immigration,401-412;restriction contemplated by Great Britain,404;statistics for,407-411.Independence: starting point of Santa Fé trail,276.Indians: could not occupy trans-Alleghany ground,49.Individual, The: losing his grip in America to-day,399.Industrialrevolution of the West:355.Ingles, Mary Draper:99.Inman:270.Iroquois, The: trafficked with the English,43;allied with New York,47.Irrigationof the West:413-416.Italy: emigration to the United States,409,410.Jackson, General Andrew:55;serves in Creek War,154;opposed by Crockett,167;denounced by Crockett,170;favors annexation of Texas,178;opposed by Crockett because of veto for Maysville road,183.Jamison, Robert:79.Jefferson, Thomas:68,300.Jews, Russian:405.Johnston, General Albert Sidney:298.Johnson, Sir William: Indian agent,48;foot-note,83.Jonesboro, meeting at:133;courts held at by Franklin,137.Joy, James F.:367.Kaskaskia:45; visited by General Lafayette,189.Kearney, General:249.Keel-boat, The:185.Kenton, Simon:114.Kentucky: fights for a highway over the Appalachians,41;occupied by dangerous Indian tribes,43;outpost of civilization,50;saved to the Union,58;pioneers of,80;by whom settled,88;explored by Salling and Walker,98;recapitulation of explorations,100-101;separated from Virginia and set up as a state,116;pays debt to Daniel Boone and his wife,120;part included in Free State of Franklin,125.Kentuckysettlements:58.Kephart, Horace:44.Kin Cade:230.Kincaid:229.Kootenaitrail, The:341.Laborunions:399.Lafayette, General:189.Lafitte:173.LajeunesseBasil:241,248.La Lande:263.Langford, N. P.:134,140,210.Laramie, Fort:295.Law: position of the West in regard to,127-128.“LeatherstockingTales”:45.Lederer, John:101.Lee, Captain U. S. A.:236.Lee’sarmy:215.Lewis, Meriwether:76.Lewisand Clark:71,287.Linseedoil: price of in Montana,214.Liza, Manuel:335.LogCollege:85.Long, Major: report of his Platte expedition,193;seeks the Red River,287.“LongHunters”:100.Louisthe Grand Monarch:194.Louisiana: settled after Canada,46;evils likely to arise from its incorporation into the Union,63;dispute with Spain over Sabine as boundary of,173.LouisianaPurchase:60-61;significance of,61.Luther, Martin:88.McBride, James:100.McComb, H. S.:371.McCullough, John:101.McGaryfight:113.McKee:113.Mackenzie:333.Mackinawboats:198.McKnight, John:271.McKnight, Robert:230.McKnight, Baird and Chambers:268-271.McLaughlin, Doctor:324.McLellan:333.Malgres:266.Malletbrothers, The:263.Man, The West-bound American:51.Mansco, Kasper:99.Mansker, Kasper:99.Maritimesupremacy: struggle for, with Great Britain,424.Marketsof the world: a struggle for to-day,388.Martin, Governor of North Carolina:136-137.MartinAcademy:132.MarylandCanal:348.Massachusetts: part played in the development of the West,347.“Mayflower,” The:42.Maxwell: establishes ranch with Carson,253.Maysvilleroad: bill for,183.Merriwether:267.Metropotamia:69.Mexicancapital: in western trade,274.Michigan, Lake:188.Militia, The Pennsylvania:96.Mills: improvement of rifle by,13.Minneapolis: emigration offices in,418.Mississippi: few whites there in 1800,46.“MississippiTerritory”:70.MississippiRiver: why explored from the North,46;control of secured,60;little understood by statesmen a hundred years ago,61;as a boundary of civilization,68;a boundary of states in “Ordinance of Northwest,”68;descended by John McCullough,101;first explorers,73.Missouri: becomes outpost of civilization,50;first steamboat on,188.MissouriFur Company:197.Monay, James:103.Montana, routes to:211.“MontanaPost”:210.Mooney, James:103.Morgan, Colonel George: foot-note,82-83.Morgan, J. Pierpont:369.Mormons, The:296.Morrison, William: merchant of Kaskaskia,282,335.Morton, Paul:388.Motherof the West:40.Moultrie, Alexander:140.Murphywagons:211.Murray, John Dormer:78.NapoleonBonaparte:61,212.Nashville, Tennessee: settlement,54-57;in touch with the Ohio River,58.Nationalroad:64,183.Neeley, Alexander:104.NeshaminyChurch:85.New England: not the mother of the West,39;realization of the West,40;character of population compared to that of western Pennsylvania,44;explanation of her part in discovery of the West,44;chances in favor of it in western movement,49;gives a cordial reception to Crockett,169.Newfoundland: emigration to the United States,407.New Madridearthquakes:157.NewOrleans: easy to reach from Kentucky,58;visited by John McCullough,101;the steamer,187.“NewPurchase”:156.Newspaper: first in the West,126.NewYork, parent of the West:40;her policy toward the Indians,47;spared by Six Nations,47;influence with Indians due to Sir William Johnson,48;gains lands from the Iroquois,48;chances in favor of it in westward movement,49.Nicollet:265.North, The: occupies Western territory;the South opens,189.NorthCarolina: men from, built Harrodsburg and Boonesborough,42.NorthernPacific Railway, The:365.Northwest, The: its rapid settlement to-day,299.NorthwestCompany: extends posts along our Northern border,196;rival of Hudson Bay Company,329.NorthwesternCompany, The:333.NorthwestTerritory, The:124.Norway: emigration to the United States,408.Occupationof the West: a study of transportation,36.Ohio: receives first population from New England,70.“OhioLand Company”:41.OhioRiver: known in early days,38;center of population on,220.Ojibways:22.“OldBetsy”:168.“Ordinanceof the Northwest”:68.Oregon: density of population in 1870,220;should extend to Alaska,289-290.Oregontrail: greatest of all American roads,262;early need for,289;early makers,291;its beginning,293;early adventurers along,294;a second stage begins,297;first agricultural invasion along,298;distance and direction,305-310.“OregonTrail,” Parkman’s:303.Osborn, William Henry:368-372.Oxen: used as pack animals,206.Pacific: first man to reach it by land trail,318.PacificFur Company:197.Pacificrailway: delayed by the Civil War,354.Packhorse:202.Packing, flexibility of charges for:204.Paine, Justice of Wisconsin:377.Panniers:30.Parkman, Francis:275,300-304.Pastimesof frontiersmen:16.Pathfinder, The Great:224.Pawnees, The: wear Spanish medals,338.Pax Jacksonii:178.Pelesipia:69,124.Penn, William:76.Pennsylvania: starting point of the westward movement,13;chances against it in westward movement,49;first trail from,73;migrations from in last half of eighteenth century,77.Peters, Doctor:228.Petitionof Robertson and Sevier’s men:59.Phenicia:36.Philadelphia:76,168.Phillibert:266-7.Physicalstrength: its importance in the West,192.Pianotaken to a mining camp:204.Pike, Lieutenant Zebulon: marches to the Colorado,71;theory of straight lines,262;seeks headwaters of Red River,264;opposed by the Spaniards,266;selects route of Santa Fé trail,270;mistakes Rio Grande for Red River,287;journeys of,337-339.Pioneersof Kentucky:80.Pirate, The:176,181.Plains, Indians:340.PlattRiver: ancient road of the Indians,293.Poland: emigration to the United States,410.Polk, Colonel:159.Population: center of in 1860,220;of America,221.Post, The:215-216.Potatoes: price of in San Juan mining camp in 1875,203;in Montana,215;in Chicago in 1902,393.Powell, Major:336.Prices: high in the Rockies,203;in Virginia City, Montana,214-216.Princeton:85,131.“Proceedingsof Sundry Citizens of Baltimore”:349.Prosperity: a false condition of to-day,395-401.Protestant, The:53.Purcell, James:263.Puritans:42-3.Putnam, Rufus:41.Quakers:53; stem of pioneer stock,76;find homes west of the Alleghanies,77.Quicksilver: hard to pack in the mountains,205.Railroads: wooden-railed road from Chicago to Galena,346;idea of Philip Evans Thomas,348-9;routes suggested to the Pacific,351-2;prophecy of what a road to the Pacific would do,353;to the Pacific delayed by Civil War,354;part played by them in the development of the West,362-367;changes wrought by them,385;their growth in America,386;formerly owned largely outside the U. S.,389;an overgrowth to-day,391;will settle future of the West,420.Ramsey:134.Receipt-book of William Flack:81.RedRiver carts:345.Reed:333.“Rememberthe Alamo”:182.Rifle, The American: description,11-18.RioGrande:173.Robertson: rebellion of his men against Washington,59;formulates first written compact of civil government,130.Robertson, Charles:128.Robertson, James:53-4.RockyMountain Fur Company:197.Roosevelt, Mr.: of New York,187.Roundhead:37.Routessuggested to the Pacific:351-2.Routesto Montana:211.Rush:177.Russia: emigration to the U. S.,410;England’s answer to,421.SabineRiver:173.St. Clair: defeat of,114.St. Louis: became great by reason of her situation,51;depot for fur trade,70;a city of location,364.St. Paul: emigration offices in,418.St. Vrain, Colonel:257.SalemPresbyterian Church:131.Salling, John Peter:98-9,101.Salt: its importance in early days,100.SanAntonio: Texans at,175;Crockett inside the gates of,