About one table spoonful of this mixture is sufficient for the throat, two for the leg, three for the side or the chest, and so on.
No. XIV.—Turpentine Liniment.
This liniment is composed of equal parts of Spirits of turpentine, and Linseed oil.
In cases of sore throat and cough, this liniment will be found very useful, as well as in cases of inflammation of the lungs, and fever, where the legs are cold, making use at the same time of flannel bandages, and repeating the liniment every two or three hours, until they become warm.
Half an ounce will be found sufficient for a leg, or for the throat, and requires to be well rubbed in.
No. XV.—Turpentine Ointment.
It is composed of equal parts of Common turpentine, and Hog’s lard.
This ointment is the best application that can be made use of in case of treads or wounds on the coronet, between hair and hoof; a small quantity is to be spread upon a pledget of tow, and bound on with a bandage. It is likewise a good dressing for broken knees, or cuts, and to promote the action of rowels.
No. XVI.—Black Oil.
It is composed of Olive oil one pint, Spirits of turpentine half a pint, and Acid vitriol two drams.
In recent wounds, such as broken knees, or other lacerated wounds, this will be found a good dressing to promote healthy and speedy granulation. It may be applied to extensive wounds by means of afeather; and in cases of broken knees, a pledget of tow is to be bound on with a tail bandage. It is likewise a good application for sitfasts, produced by the pressure of the saddle.
No. XVII.—Hoof Ointment.
This ointment is composed of Tar, and Train oil, equal parts.
This ointment is intended for brittle feet, or such as have sand cracks.
By mixing one part of the ointment with two of train oil, it forms a good application for mange.
Rockets may be of great use when a disembarkation of troops takes place in presence of an enemy, since Rocket men can land with the first party of Infantry, and commence firing before any guns can be brought into position. Rockets will not only be useful against masses of Cavalry, and squares of Infantry, but, when guns cannot be brought up, may be of material benefit in dislodging an enemy from villages or houses, which could not be approached by Infantry alone without a considerable loss of men, and chance of failure. The larger rockets are of great service in bombardments and sieges.
Congreve Rockets are of four different natures—viz., 24 pounders, 12 pounders, 6 pounders, and 3 pounders. The cases are of wrought iron, and the rockets are driven upon the same principle as Signal rockets. Congreve rockets may be used either as shot or shell-rockets, and the shell may be made to burst either at long or short ranges. Each rocket is fitted with a fuze screwed into the base of the shell; this fuze is as long as the size of the shell will admit of, so as to leave sufficient space between the end of it and the inner surface of the shell, for putting in the bursting powder, and the end of the fuze is capped to serve as a guide in the insertion of the boring-bit. There is a hole in the apex of the shell, secured by a screw metal plug, for putting in the bursting powder, and for boring, according to the different ranges at which it may be required to burst the shell.
ON FIRING ROCKETS.
If the Rocket is to be used as a Shot-rocket, the only thing to be attended to, is to take care that there is no powder in the shells, and that the plug is secured in the plug-hole. If the rocket is to be used as a shell-rocket at the longest range, the plug is to be taken out, and the shell filled, the fuze left at its full length, and the plug replaced. If at the shortest range, the fuze is to be entirely bored through, and the rocket composition bored to within an inch and a half of the top of the cone in the 24 pounder rocket, and to within one inch in the 12, 6, and 3 pounder rockets. The distances from the surface of the shell to the top of the cone, and from the surface of the shell to theend of the fuze, and also, the length of the fuze being fixed and known, the place on the boring-bit at which to screw the stopper, whether for various lengths of fuzes, or lengths of rocket composition to be left over the cone, is easily determined; these distances are marked on the brass scales for each nature of rocket, and the length of rocket composition available for boring into, and the lengths of fuze, are also set off and subdivided into tenths of an inch.
ELEVATIONS, RANGES, AND LENGTHS OF FUZE.
The 24 pounder and 12 pounder rockets are very destructive against troops from 800 to 1000 yards; against buildings, &c., from 500 to 600 yards: with 6 pounders about 300 yards, and never at a greater range than 600 or 700 yards.
The range and elevation of a 12 pounder rocket is 10 degrees of elevation for 600 yards, and 1 degree more is given for each additional 100 yards, as far as 1250 yards, the elevation for which will be 16 degrees.
The range and elevation of a 6 pounder rocket is 7¾ degrees for 400 yards, and as far as 700 yards 1 degree for each 100 yards; and from 700 to 1250 yards, half a degree increases the range about 100 yards.
24 pounders.—If the whole length of fuze is left in the shell, the rocket may be expected to burst at from 3300 to 3700 yards; elevation, 47 degrees.
If the whole of the fuze composition is bored out, and the rocket composition left entire, the shell may be expected to burst at about 2000 yards; elevation, 27 degrees.
If the rocket composition be bored to within 1·5 inch of the top of the cone, the shell may be expected to burst at about 700 yards; elevation, 17 degrees.
12 pounders.—If the whole length of fuze be left in the shell, the rocket may be expected to burst at about 3000 yards; elevation, 40 degrees.
If the whole of the fuze composition is bored out, and the rocket composition left entire, the shell may be expected to burst at about 1300 yards; elevation, 15 degrees. If the rocket composition be bored to within one inch of the top of the cone, the shell may be expected to burst at about 500 yards; elevation, 9 degrees.
6 pounders.—If the whole length of the fuze be left in the shell, the rocket may be expected to burst at about 2300 yards; elevation, 37 degrees. If the whole of the fuze composition be bored out, and the rocket composition be left entire, the shell may be expected to burst at about 950 yards; elevation, 13¾ degrees. If the rocket composition be bored to within one inch of the top of the cone, the shell may be expected to burst at about 500 yards; elevation 9½ degrees.
3 pounders.—If the whole length of the fuze be left in the shell, the rocket may be expected to burst at about 1850 yards; elevation, 25 degrees. If the whole of the fuze composition be bored out, and the rocket composition be left entire, the shell may be expected toburst at about 750 yards; elevation, 10 degrees. If the rocket composition be bored to within one inch of the top of the cone, the shell may be expected to burst at about 500 yards; elevation, 8 degrees.
EXERCISE OF ROCKETS.[23]
The 24 pounder is used for siege purposes. The 12 and 6 pounders are for service in the field.
Exercise of 12 and 6 pounder, or Field Rockets.
Telling off the Detachment.
The detachment falls in, in rear of and facing the carriage, and is told off as for gun exercise.
“Form the order of march, Left face—Quick march.”
Disposition and Duties of a Detachment of Seven Men, with a 12 and 6 pounder Rocket.
On field service the bursters are carried in the limber boxes, in canvas cartouches, similar to those in which the field ammunition is carried. The 12 pounder rocket carriage takes 50 bursters in each limber box, and the small stores in a box on the body of the carriage corresponding to the slow match box. The 6 pounder carriage takes 108 bursters in each limber box, and the small stores in a box which is between the limber boxes. In mountain equipments the bursters and small stores are carried in a box fitted to the pack saddle.
[24]Action front, rear, right, or left. Drive on. Load. Elevate. Lower. Halt. Muzzle right, or left. Halt.Priming, and Firing, as at Field guns.
Plan of a Garrison Carriage.Top viewASides or bracketsKStool bedBTransomLQuoinCFore axletreeaTransom boltDHind axletreebBed boltEStepscBracket boltsFQuarter round or ovolodLinch-pinsGFore truckeAxletree hoopsHHind truckfStool bed boltsITrunnion holegEye or loop boltsJAxletree arm
Plan of a Garrison Carriage.
ASides or bracketsKStool bedBTransomLQuoinCFore axletreeaTransom boltDHind axletreebBed boltEStepscBracket boltsFQuarter round or ovolodLinch-pinsGFore truckeAxletree hoopsHHind truckfStool bed boltsITrunnion holegEye or loop boltsJAxletree arm
Side viewElevation of a Garrison Carriage.
Elevation of a Garrison Carriage.
Exercise of 24 Pounder, or siege rocket.
Disposition, and duties with seven men.
When the detachment is in action, the disposition and duties of the numbers are the same as at the lighter natures.
Put the frame together at low order. Raise the frame. Reeve the guys. Sling the rocket tube, and fix the angle. Adjust the frame. Load. Traverse, when necessary,Muzzle right, muzzle left. If greater alteration be required, than can be given by means of the guys, the cheeks of the rocket frame are moved in the named direction,Cheeks to the right, or left.Elevate, when necessary. Priming, and Firing, as directedfor Field guns. When the frame is fixed atLow order, the prypole forms an angle of 30 degrees with the horizon. If greater elevation than this be required, the frame must be raised toHigh order—45 degrees elevation; or higher still—50 degrees elevation.
Prepare to raise the frame to high order. Join the cheeks. Raise the frame. Adjust the frame. Load, etc. Prepare to strike the frame. Strike the frame.