Below is given an explanation of the different symbols which occur at various places in the book; also the values of important physical constants.1 m. = 1 metre; 1 cm. = 1 centimetre = 0·394 inches.1 μ = 1 micron = 1/1000 of a millimetre = 0·0001 cm. =10⁻⁴cm.1 μμ = 1/1,000,000 of a millimetre = 10⁻⁷ cm.1 cm.³ = 1 cubic centimetre.1 g. = 1 gram; 1 kg. = 1 kilogram = 2·2 pounds.1 kgm. = 1 kilogrammetre (the work or the energy required to lift 1 kg. 1 m.).1 erg =1·02 × 10⁻⁸kgm. =7·48 × 10⁻⁸foot-pounds.λ represents wave-length.ν represents frequency (number of oscillations in 1 second).ω represents frequency of rotation (number of rotations in 1 second).nrepresents an integer (particularly the Bohr quantum numbers).The velocity of light isc=3 × 10¹⁰cm. per second =9·9 × 10⁸feet per second.The wave-length of yellow sodium light is 0·589 μ = 589 μμ =2·32 × 10⁻⁵inches.The frequency of yellow sodium light is526 × 10¹²vibrations per second.The number of molecules per cm.³ at 0° C. and atmospheric pressure is about27 × 10¹⁸.The number of hydrogen atoms in 1 g. is about6·10²³.The mass of a hydrogen atom is1·65 × 10⁻²⁴g.The elementary quantum of electricity is4·77 × 10⁻¹⁰“electrostatic units.”The negative electric charge of an electron is 1 elementary quantum (1 negative charge).The positive electric charge of a hydrogen nucleus is 1 elementary quantum (1 positive charge).The mass of an electron is¹/₁₈₃₅that of the hydrogen atom.The diameter of an electron is estimated to be about3 × 10⁻¹³cm.The diameter of the atomic nucleus is of the order of magnitude10⁻¹³to10⁻¹²cm.The diameter of a hydrogen atom in the normal state (the diameter of the first stationary orbit in Bohr’s model) is1·056 × 10⁻⁸cm.The Balmer constantK = 3·29 × 10¹⁵.The Planck constanth= 6·54 × 10⁻²⁷.An energy quantum isE =hν.The Balmer-Ritz formula for the frequencies of the lines in the hydrogen spectrum isν = K1-1n″²n′²
Below is given an explanation of the different symbols which occur at various places in the book; also the values of important physical constants.
1 m. = 1 metre; 1 cm. = 1 centimetre = 0·394 inches.
1 μ = 1 micron = 1/1000 of a millimetre = 0·0001 cm. =10⁻⁴cm.
1 μμ = 1/1,000,000 of a millimetre = 10⁻⁷ cm.
1 cm.³ = 1 cubic centimetre.
1 g. = 1 gram; 1 kg. = 1 kilogram = 2·2 pounds.
1 kgm. = 1 kilogrammetre (the work or the energy required to lift 1 kg. 1 m.).
1 erg =1·02 × 10⁻⁸kgm. =7·48 × 10⁻⁸foot-pounds.
λ represents wave-length.
ν represents frequency (number of oscillations in 1 second).
ω represents frequency of rotation (number of rotations in 1 second).
nrepresents an integer (particularly the Bohr quantum numbers).
The velocity of light isc=3 × 10¹⁰cm. per second =9·9 × 10⁸feet per second.
The wave-length of yellow sodium light is 0·589 μ = 589 μμ =2·32 × 10⁻⁵inches.
The frequency of yellow sodium light is526 × 10¹²vibrations per second.
The number of molecules per cm.³ at 0° C. and atmospheric pressure is about27 × 10¹⁸.
The number of hydrogen atoms in 1 g. is about6·10²³.
The mass of a hydrogen atom is1·65 × 10⁻²⁴g.
The elementary quantum of electricity is4·77 × 10⁻¹⁰“electrostatic units.”
The negative electric charge of an electron is 1 elementary quantum (1 negative charge).
The positive electric charge of a hydrogen nucleus is 1 elementary quantum (1 positive charge).
The mass of an electron is¹/₁₈₃₅that of the hydrogen atom.
The diameter of an electron is estimated to be about3 × 10⁻¹³cm.
The diameter of the atomic nucleus is of the order of magnitude10⁻¹³to10⁻¹²cm.
The diameter of a hydrogen atom in the normal state (the diameter of the first stationary orbit in Bohr’s model) is1·056 × 10⁻⁸cm.
The Balmer constantK = 3·29 × 10¹⁵.
The Planck constanth= 6·54 × 10⁻²⁷.
An energy quantum isE =hν.
The Balmer-Ritz formula for the frequencies of the lines in the hydrogen spectrum is
DIAGRAMS OF SPECTRAAFTER BUNSEN AND KIRCHHOFF
DIAGRAMS OF SPECTRA
AFTER BUNSEN AND KIRCHHOFF
MAIN LINES OFTHE ATOMIC STRUCTUREOF SOME ELEMENTS
MAIN LINES OFTHE ATOMIC STRUCTUREOF SOME ELEMENTS
STRUCTURE OF THE RADIUM ATOM
STRUCTURE OF THE RADIUM ATOM