Staminal tube evenly truncate.213212. Style bearded on the inner face. Flowers small. Corolla bluish-white; keel somewhat pointed. Uppermost stamen free. Ovary almost sessile. Ovules 2. Seeds flat.—Species 3. North Africa; also cultivated in northern Central Africa. The seeds ofL. esculentaMoench (lentils) are used as food, for the preparation of starch, and in medicine. (UnderErvumL.)LensGren. & Godr.Style hairy all round or on the back only; in the latter case flowers large or middle-sized. Seeds globose or slightly flattened.—Species 40.North and East Africa; some species also naturalized in South Africa and the Mascarene Islands. They yield fodder, edible fruits and seeds(especially beans fromV. FabaL.), and medicaments; some are used as ornamental plants. “Vetch.” (IncludingErvumL. andFabaTourn.)ViciaL.213. Style-apex compressed laterally, with the margins bent upwards, hence grooved above. Ovary subsessile. Ovules more than 2. Corolla white or red; keel blunt. Uppermost stamens free at the base.Leaves with 1-3 pairs of leaflets. (See 141.)PisumL.Style-apex compressed dorsally, with the margins straight or bent downwards.(See 128.)LathyrusL.214. Stamens 9. Calyx-teeth very short. Corolla white or pink; standard adhering to the staminal tube at its base; wings oblong, shorter than the keel. Shrubs or undershrubs. Leaves ending in a bristle. Bracteoles present.—Species 6. Tropical and South Africa. Several species(especiallyA. praecatoriusL.) yield fibres, poisonous ornamental seeds(crab-eyes), and medicaments.AbrusL.Stamens 10.215215. Connective of the stamens ending in a small point, a gland, or a tuft of hairs. Keel gibbous or spurred on each side. Fruit transversely chambered, opening by two valves. Herbs undershrubs or shrubs, clothed with appressed hairs fixed at the middle. Bracteoles none.—Species320. Tropical, South, and North-east Africa. Several species yield a dye (indigo), or are used in medicine or as ornamental plants.IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage.216216. Fruit indehiscent, not jointed. Calyx-teeth obscure or wanting. Standard auricled at the base; petals of the keel free. Alternate filaments witha scale at the base. Trees. Leaflets alternate.—Species 1. Madagascar.XanthocercisBaill.Fruit dehiscent or jointed. Herbs, undershrubs, or shrubs.217217. Fruit jointed, dehiscing on one side or indehiscent. Corolla yellow; standard orbicular. Stamens usually all united. (See 209.)AeschynomeneL.Fruit not jointed, dehiscing by two valves.218218. Fruit transversely septate. Bracteoles bristle-like, deciduous. Uppermost stamen free. (See 196.).SesbaniaPers.Fruit longitudinally septate or 1-celled. Wings adhering to the keel.219219. Fruit 1-celled, compressed. Petals with a short claw. Herbs. Leaves ending in a bristle or a tendril. Bracteoles none. (See 212.).ViciaL.Fruit 2-celled, rarely 1-celled but then turgid.—Species 70. North andEast Africa to Transvaal and the Cape Verde Islands. Several species yield fodder, tragacanth-gum, manna-like exudations, or edible seeds which are also used as a substitute for coffee. (IncludingAcanthyllisPomel,ErophacaBoiss., andPhacaL.)AstragalusL.220. (205.) Leaves unifoliolate, simple, or wanting.221Leaves digitate or pinnate, with 3 or more leaflets251221. Leaves exstipulate or wanting222Leaves stipulate.224222. Branches leaf-like. Leaves usually wanting. Trees. Corolla red. Fruit turgid, indehiscent.—Species 5. Madagascar. They yield timber.(IncludingNeobaroniaBak.)PhylloxylonBaill.Branches not leaf-like. Leaves present. Shrubs. Corolla yellow. Fruit flat, dehiscing by two valves. Seeds with an outgrowth near thehilum.223223. Flowers in heads surrounded by large imbricate bracts. Lowest calyx-lobe very large, petaloid. Standard ovate or oblong; wings oblong.(See 157.)LipariaL.Flowers solitary or in racemes, umbels, or heads with small or medium-sized bracts. Lowest calyx-lobe equalling or slightly exceeding the others. Standard suborbicular; wings obovate. Bracteoles bristle-like.(See 157.)PriestleyaDC.224. Stem herbaceous or woody at the base only.225Stem woody throughout.241225. Uppermost stamen united with the others at least in its lower half.226Uppermost stamen free from the others throughout or at the base.229226. Ovule 1. Ovary sessile. Style slender. Calyx-teeth long and pointed.Petals shortly clawed. Fruit enclosed by the calyx, ovate, indehiscent.Flowers 1-3 in the axils of the leaves.—Species 6. South Africa(Cape Colony).HalliaThunb.Ovules 2 or more. Fruit dehiscing by two valves.227227. Style bearded. Ovary more or less distinctly stalked. Seeds with an aril. Leaves reduced to the broadened or tendril-bearing petiole.(See 128.)LathyrusL.Style glabrous. Leaves unifoliolate.228228. Style short and broad. Ovary sessile. Petals red, long-clawed. Fruit compressed. Leaflets entire. Stipules awl-shaped. Flowers very small, in axillary racemes.—Species 5. Central Africa to Transvaal.MicrocharisBenth.Style awl-shaped. Ovary more or less distinctly stalked. Calyx deeply divided. Petals short-clawed. Leaflets toothed. Stipules adnate to the leaf-stalk. Flowers 1-3 in the axils of the leaves. (See 129.)OnonisL.229. Uppermost stamen united with the others in the middle, at least when young, free at the base, later sometimes free throughout.230Uppermost stamen free from the base or nearly from the base.234230. Fruit jointed.231Fruit not jointed.232231. Upper calyx-lobes separate. Wings small; standard subsessile. Ovary stalked. Ovules 1-3. Leaflets without stipels. Flowers in axillary, few-flowered racemes, with small bracteoles.—Species 5. Nileland andIsland of Socotra.TavernieraDC.Upper calyx-lobes more or less united. Wings oblong, adhering to the keel. Ovules 2 or more. Leaflets usually with stipels.—Species 40.Tropical and South Africa. Some are used as ornamental, medicinal, or textile plants. (MeibomiaMoehr.)DesmodiumDesv.232. Flowers very small, in pairs in the axils of the leaves, with minute bracteoles.Fruit oblong, with a membranous pericarp, indehiscent.Leaflets without stipels.—Species 2. South Africa to Angola.SylitraE. Mey.Flowers not very small, in usually terminal or leaf-opposed racemes.Fruit with a more or less herbaceous pericarp, dehiscing by two valves.233233. Flowers with rather large bracteoles, violet. Ovary shortly stalked.Stigma penicillate. Fruit 4-winged, septate. Stem twining. Leaflets with stipels. Stipules spurred.—Species 4. Tropics. The roots and the fruits are used as vegetables. (BotorAdans.)PsophocarpusNeck.Flowers without bracteoles. Ovary sessile. Fruit flat. Leaflets without stipels, usually with numerous parallel side-nerves.—Species 130.Some of them yield dyes, poisons, and medicaments. (CraccaL., includingPogonostigmaBoiss. andRequieniaDC.)TephrosiaPers.234. Connective of the stamens ending in a small point, a gland, or a tuft of hairs. Keel straight or slightly curved. Fruit with transverse partitions.Plants clothed with appressed hairs fixed by the middle.235Connective without an appendage. Hairs rarely affixed by the middle.236235. Keel beaked. Anthers bearded at base and apex. Style boat-shaped below. Ovules 4-6. Fruit short-stalked, turgid. (See 151.)RhynchotropisHarmsKeel blunt or somewhat pointed, gibbous or spurred on each side. Style thread-shaped. Fruit sessile or nearly so. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.236. Ovule 1.237Ovules 2 or more.238237. Leaflets with stipels. Flowers in racemes, with broad bracteoles. Calyx-lobes narrow, subequal. Fruit dehiscing by two valves.—Species 2.Madagascar.LeptodesmiaBenth.Leaflets without stipels. Leaves gland-dotted. Fruit indehiscent; pericarp adnate to the seed. (See 153.)PsoraleaL.238. Ovules 2. Corolla usually yellow.239Ovules 3 or more. Corolla usually red.240239. Seeds oblong, without an outgrowth at the hilum; hilum linear, the funicle affixed at its apex. Upper calyx-lobes separate or shortly united.Standard oblong or obovate. Erect or decumbent, rarely twining plants.—Species 55. Tropical and South Africa. The roots of one species are used in making beer.EriosemaDC.Seeds orbicular or reniform, with a more or less distinct outgrowth at the hilum; hilum orbicular or oblong, the funicle affixed at or nearly in the middle. Upper calyx-lobes more or less united. Standard orbicular or obovate. Twining or decumbent, more rarely erect plants.—Species100. Tropical and South Africa and Egypt. (DolicholusMedik.)RhynchosiaLour.240. Calyx-lobes long, stiff, very unequal, the two upper ones united high up.Style thread-shaped, glabrous. Fruit jointed, indehiscent. Leavesunifoliolate, usually stipellate. Stipules membranous. Flowers small, in racemes, with bracteoles.—Species 9. Tropical and South Africa.(FabriciaScop.).AlysicarpusNeck.Calyx-lobes subequal. Style flattened, bearded towards the apex.Fruit not jointed, dehiscing by two valves. Seeds with a small aril.Leaves reduced to the broadened or tendril-bearing petiole. Stipules leaf-like. Flowers without bracteoles. (See 128.)LathyrusL.241. (224.) Filaments all united into a tube split on one or on both sides.Bracteoles present.242Filaments united into a tube, excepting one which is free, at least at the base.240242. Ovary sessile. Ovules numerous. Standard suborbicular. Fruit jointed.Seeds oblong. Shrubs, usually erect. Flowers in few-flowered racemes.—Species 10. Tropics. (DiphacaLour., includingArthrocarpumBalf. f.)OrmocarpumBeauv.Ovary stalked. Ovules 2-3. Anthers basifixed. Fruit not jointed, indehiscent. Seeds reniform. Trees or climbing shrubs. Flowers in cymes arranged in many-flowered raceme- or panicle-like inflorescences.—Species65. Tropical and South-east Africa. Some species yield timber (Senegal-ebony) and gum-resin. (AmerimnonP.Br., includingEcastaphyllumRich.)DalbergiaL. f.243. Uppermost stamen united with the others in the middle, at least when young.244Uppermost stamen free throughout.245244. Fruit jointed, indented at one or at both sutures. Leaflets usually with stipels. (See 231.).DesmodiumDesv.Fruit not jointed, very thinly or not septate, opening by two valves.Standard clawed, suborbicular. Ovary sessile. Stigma usually hairy.Leaflets usually with numerous parallel side-nerves and without stipels. Bracteoles none. (See 233.)TephrosiaPers.245. Connective of the stamens ending in a gland, a point, or a tuft of hairs.Keel straight or slightly curved. Fruit transversely septate. Shrubs with appressed hairs fixed by the middle.Bracteolesnone.246Connective without an appendage. Hairs rarely fixed by the middle.247246. Fruit separating into joints. Petals red, clawed. Ovules numerous.Leafstalk not jointed at the apex.—Species 1. Mascarene Islands.BremontieraDC.Fruit not jointed, dehiscing by two valves. Standard sessile or short-clawed; keel gibbous or spurred on each side. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.247. Bracteoles present. Trees. Petals yellow, more rarely white marked with violet; those of the keel free or slightly cohering. Ovules 2-4.Fruit compressed, more or less winged, indehiscent.—Species 15.Tropical and South Africa. Several species yield timber (rose-wood) and a resin (kino) used for tanning and dyeing and for medicinal purposes, also edible fruits and seeds.PterocarpusL.Bracteoles wanting. Shrubs.248248. Ovule 1. Petals blue, red, or white; standard short-clawed; keel curved. Fruit ovate, indehiscent; pericarp adhering to the seed.Gland-dotted plants. Stipules stem-clasping. (See 153.)PsoraleaL.Ovules 2 or more.249249. Ovules 3 or more. Petals red. Fruit subterete, constricted between the seeds, indehiscent. Spinous shrubs. Racemes with the rachis ending in a spine.—Species 1. Egypt and Nubia. The resinous exudations (Persian manna) are used for food and in medicine.AlhagiDesv.Ovules 2. Petals red or yellow; standard auricled at base. Fruit dehiscing by two valves.250250. Fruit compressed. Seeds with a linear hilum. (See 239.)EriosemaDC.Fruit turgid. Seeds with a short hilum.—Species 5. Tropical andSouth-east Africa. Used for dyeing and in medicine. (MoghaniaSt. Hil.)FlemingiaRoxb.251. (220.) Leaflets 3.252Leaflets 4 or more.330252. Leaves digitate.253Leaves pinnate.264253. Uppermost stamen united with the others into a tube or sheath. Ovules numerous. Bracteoles bristle-like.254Uppermost stamen free from the others, at least at the base.257254. Filaments united into a closed tube. Seeds with an outgrowth at the hilum. Herbs or hairy shrubs.255Filaments united into a sheath split above. Seeds without an outgrowth at the hilum. Glabrous undershrubs, shrubs, or trees.256255. Calyx-lobes unequal, the upper approaching in pairs. Standard spatulate; wings obliquely ovate. Anthers slightly unequal. Fruit ovate-lanceolate, dehiscing by two valves. Tall shrubs with brownish hairs. Flowers in head-like spikes. (See 175.)PhaenohoffmanniaO. Ktze.Calyx-lobes subequal. Standard ovate or oblong; wings narrow; petals of the keel scarcely cohering. Fruit linear or lanceolate, dehiscing at the upper suture. Decumbent herbs. Flowers very small, solitary or in short racemes.—Species 1. Central Africa.RothiaPers.256. Keel longer than the standard. Fruit ovate-lanceolate, few-seeded.Undershrubs. (See 194.)LoddigesiaSimsKeel shorter than the standard. Fruit linear, many-seeded. Shrubs or trees. (See 194.)HypocalyptusThunb.257. Uppermost stamen united with the others in the middle, at least when young.258Uppermost stamen free. Bracteoles absent.260258. Petals, at least the four lower ones, adnate below to the staminal tube.Fruit not jointed, scarcely dehiscent. Herbs. Leaflets usually toothed. Stipules adnate to the leafstalk. Flowers solitary or in spikes, heads, or umbels. Bracteoles absent. (See 138.)TrifoliumL.Petals free from the staminal tube. Ovary sessile. Fruit flat. Leaflets entire.259259. Flowers very small, solitary or in pairs in the axils of the leaves, with small bracteoles. Petals yellowish. Fruit oblong; pericarp membranous.Undershrubs. (See 232.)SylitraE. Mey.Flowers not very small, in racemes, without bracteoles. Petals usually red. Fruit dehiscing by two valves; pericarp more or less herbaceous.(See 233.)TephrosiaPers.260. Connective of the stamens ending in a gland, a tuft of hairs, or a small point. Keel gibbous or spurred on each side. Fruit transversely septate, dehiscing by two valves. Plants with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage.261261. Ovule 1. Keel curved. Fruit ovate, indehiscent; pericarp adhering to the seed. Gland-dotted plants. (See 153.)PsoraleaL.Ovules 2 or more.262262. Ovules 2. Petals free from the staminal tube; standard auricled at base. Fruit turgid, 1-celled, 2-valved. Shrubs. (See 250.)FlemingiaRoxb.Ovules 3 or more, rarely 2, but then lower petals adnate to the staminal tube. Wings exceeding the keel. Herbs. Stipules adnate to the leafstalk.263263. Petals, at least the four lower ones, adnate to the staminal tube. Keel blunt. Ovules 2-8. Fruit scarcely dehiscent. (See 138.)TrifoliumL.Petals free from the staminal tube, red. Keel somewhat pointed, curved.Ovary sessile. Ovules numerous. Fruit dehiscing by two valves.Flowers solitary. (See 153.)ParochetusHamilt.264. (252.) Leaflets with stipels. [Especially tribe PHASEOLEAE.]265Leaflets without stipels.310265. Stem herbaceous or woody at the base only.266Stem woody throughout.303266. Uppermost stamen united with the others from the base. Flowers small, red, in racemes, with the rachis not thickened.—Species 20.Tropical and South-east Africa; one species (G. hispidaMaxim., soy-bean) only cultivated. The latter yields edible oily seeds.GlycineL.Uppermost stamen free or almost so, or united with the others in the middle only.267267. Uppermost stamen, at least when young, free at the base, but united with the others in the middle.268Uppermost stamen free from the base or nearly so.272268. Flowers in racemes, the rachis of which is thickened at the insertion of the pedicels. Bracteoles present. Wings usually free from the keel.Fruit not jointed, opening in two valves.269Flowers in racemes with the rachis not thickened, or in fascicles, or solitary. Wings adhering to the keel. Fruit compressed.271269. Fruit 4-angled or 4-winged. Seeds oblong. Stigma villous. Corolla violet. Bracteoles rather large, falling off tardily. Stipules spurred.(See 233.)PsophocarpusNeck.Fruit 2-3-angled or 2-winged. Stigma small. Bracteoles small, falling off early. Stipules small.270270. Calyx-lobes very unequal, the upper much larger than the lower. Seeds ovate or orbicular.—Species 5. Tropical and South Africa. The seeds of several species are eaten and used for dyeing and in medicine.CanavaliaAdans.Calyx-lobes not very unequal, the upper united higher up, but not considerably larger than the lower. Seeds oblong.—Species 1. EastAfrica.PuerariaDC.271. Fruit more or less distinctly jointed. Bracteoles usually present. (See231.)DesmodiumDesv.Fruit not jointed, opening by two valves. Stigma usually penicillate.Flowers in terminal or leaf-opposed racemes. Bracteoles wanting.(See 233.)TephrosiaPers.272. Style hairy above.273Style glabrous or hairy at the base only, sometimes with a hairy stigma.287273. Flowers solitary or in fascicles or racemes with the rachis not thickened at the insertion of the pedicels. Keel curved. Ovules numerous.Fruit linear.274Flowers in racemes, the rachis of which is thickened at the insertion of the pedicels.277274. Calyx tubular; upper lobes united high up. Corolla white, blue, or violet; wings oblong, adhering to the much shorter and pointed keel. Ovary stalked. Style broadened above, bearded lengthwise.—Species 5.Tropics. Used as medicinal, dyeing, and ornamental plants.ClitoriaL.Calyx campanulate. Wings obovate. Ovary almost sessile.275275. Upper calyx-teeth united to the middle. Corolla red or violet; standard equalling the wings, spurred or gibbous on the back; keel not beaked.Style-apex broadened, hairy round the stigma. Fruit flat. Seeds without an outgrowth at the hilum. Climbing herbs.—Species 1.Naturalized in West Africa. Used as a medicinal and ornamental plant. (BradburyaRafin., underClitoriaL.)CentrosemaDC.Upper calyx-teeth united wholly or for the greatest part. Standard not spurred at the back, but auricled at the base. Style-apex slightly or not thickened. Fruit more or less inflated. Seeds with an outgrowthnear the hilum.276276. Style with a crown of hairs beneath the large ovoid stigma. Wings longer than the keel, but shorter than the standard. Stipules long-spurred.—Species1. Southern West Africa (Congo).VignopsisDe Wild.Style bearded on the inner face towards the top, or penicillate round the small terminal stigma. Wings adhering to the keel.—Species 60.Tropical and South Africa. Some species yield fodder and edible fruits or seeds, or serve as ornamental plants.DolichosL.277. Keel spirally twisted. Ovary surrounded by a cupular disc. Stigma lateral or oblique.278Keel more or less curved inwards, but not spiral.279278. Keel with a long spur; wings free. Ovary stalked. Ovules 2-3.Style with a pointed dorsal appendage at the apex. Flowers violet or whitish, without bracteoles.—Species 3. Central Africa. One species (Ph. venenosumBalf., Calabar bean) has poisonous seeds used in ordeals and medicinally.PhysostigmaBalf.Keel without a spur, but sometimes with two gibbosities; wings adhering to the keel. Ovary almost sessile. Ovules numerous. Style without a dorsal appendage at the apex.—Species 20. Tropical and South-eastAfrica; one species (Ph. vulgarisL.) cultivated also in extra-tropical regions. The fruits and seeds of some species (beans) are eaten and used for preparing starch and medicaments, those of others are poisonous. Several species are used as ornamental or fodder-plants.PhaseolusL.279. Stigma lateral, situated beneath the apex of the style.280Stigma terminal, but sometimes oblique.283280. Style-apex bent down towards the stigma. Stigma globose, blunt or notched. Wings oblong, equalling the blunt keel. Fruit flat. Leaflets usually toothed.—Species 2. Cultivated in the tropics. They yield fibre used for rope-making, and edible roots and seeds, from which also starch and medicaments are prepared. (CacaraThouars).PachyrrhizusRich.Style-apex bent back. Fruit turgid.281281. Fruit subglobular, 1-2-seeded, ripening under ground. Ovules 2-3.Stigma 2-lobed. Corolla yellow; keel blunt. Creeping herbs. Racemes1-3-flowered.—Species 1 (V. subterraneaThouars). Cultivated in Tropical and South Africa. Yields edible fruits and oily seeds.VoandzeiaThouarsFruit linear, several- or many-seeded, ripening above ground. Ovules several or many.282282. Calyx deeply 4-cleft, with acuminate segments. Keel pointed; wings auricled. Undershrubs with erect or ascending branches.—Species 1.South Africa. (UnderVignaSavi).OtopteraDC.Calyx 4-5-toothed or 5-cleft. Keel blunt or beaked.—Species 65.Tropical and South Africa and Egypt. Some species yield fibre used for rope-making, and edible fruits or seeds. (IncludingLiebrechtsiaDe Wild.)VignaSavi283. Stigma very oblique. Style-apex wedge-shaped, hairy. Calyx-teeth very short and broad. Keel blunt. Fruit linear.—Species 5. Central and South-east Africa. (UnderVignaSavi).SphenostylisE. Mey.Stigma slightly oblique or straight.284284. Upper lip of the calyx entire. Style bearded lengthwise. Fruit oblong,2-4-seeded.285Upper lip of the calyx notched.286285. Keel almost straight, blunt. Standard oblong, straight, folded over the other petals. Corolla yellow-green. Style flat at base, hairy above.—Species1. South Africa. (UnderDolichosL.)ChloryllisE. Mey.Keel sharply bent upwards, pointed. Standard orbicular, bent back, expanded. Corolla white or red. Style flat and bearded above.—Species1 (L. vulgarisSavi). Tropical and South-east Africa; also cultivated in Egypt. It yields edible fruits and seeds, fodder, and medicaments, and serves also as an ornamental plant. (UnderDolichosL.)LablabSavi286. Ovules 2. Style flattened and hairy above. Keel pointed. Upper calyx-teeth united to about the middle. Glandular plants.—Species10. Central Africa. (UnderDolichosL.)AdenodolichosHarmsOvules 3 or more. Style thread-shaped. Keel shortly beaked. Glandless plants. (See 276.)DolichosL.287. (272.) Ovules 1-2.288Ovules 3 or more.295288. Connective of the stamens produced into a gland, a tuft of hairs, or a short point. Calyx-teeth subequal. Corolla usually red; keel gibbous or spurred on each side. Fruit more or less turgid, with transverse partitions. Plants clothed with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. Bracteoles none. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage. Fruit more or less compressed.289289. Ovule 1. Calyx-teeth about equal, bristle-like. Keel obtuse. Fruit enclosed by the calyx. Bracts broad. (See 237.)LeptodesmiaBenth.Ovules 2, rarely ovule 1, but then calyx-teeth unequal (the upper ones more or less united).290290. Bracteoles present.291Bracteoles absent. Corolla usually yellow; standard auricled at the base.293291. Style hairy at the base, bent almost at a right angle above the middle.Ovary surrounded at the base by a cupular disc. Calyx-teeth and bracteoles ending in a club-shaped gland. Corolla spotted with violet. Fruit 1-celled. Leaflets toothed.—Species 5. CentralAfrica. (UnderRhynchosiaLour.)EminiaTaub.Style glabrous, slightly curved. Fruit transversely chambered.292292. Corolla yellowish; keel as long as the wings; standard not auricled.Flowers two or several together in the axils of the leaves, subsessile.Fruit ripening under ground.—Species 1. West Africa. Cultivated for its edible seeds.KerstingiellaHarmsCorolla red; keel shorter than the wings; standard slightly auricled.Flowers in axillary racemes or false-racemes. Fruit ripening above ground. (See 266.)GlycineL.293. Calyx-lobes very unequal. Standard oblong or ovate; wings shorter than the keel, auricled at the base. Style downy below.—Species 4.Tropics.CylistaAit.Calyx-lobes about equal, but the two upper ones sometimes more or less united.294294. Seeds oblong, without an outgrowth at the hilum; hilum linear, the funicle affixed at its apex. Upper calyx-teeth free or shortly united.Standard oblong or obovate. Erect or decumbent, rarely twining plants. (See 239.)EriosemaDC.Seeds orbicular or reniform, with a more or less distinct outgrowth at the hilum; hilum orbicular or oblong, the funicle affixed in the middle.Upper calyx-teeth more or less united. Standard orbicular or obovate.Twining or decumbent, more rarely erect plants. (See 239.)RhynchosiaLour.295. (287.) Calyx entire or obscurely toothed, gibbous at the base. Corolla yellow or red. Ovary surrounded at the base by a tubular disc.Style broadened in the middle. Fruit flattened, 2-valved. Twining herbs. Bracteoles present.—Species 1. South and East Africa andMadagascar.DumasiaDC.Calyx distinctly toothed.296296. Upper sepals wholly united; hence calyx 4-toothed or 4-cleft. Twining herbs.297Upper sepals more or less separate; calyx 5-toothed or 5-cleft.298297. Calyx-lobes short. Corolla red; keel shorter than the wings. Rachis of the inflorescence not thickened at the insertion of the pedicels.Bracts striate.—Species 1. Mountains of Central Africa.ShuteriaWight & Arn.Calyx-lobes long. Corolla yellow; keel as long as or longer than the wings. Rachis of the inflorescence thickened at the insertion of the pedicels. Bracts bristle-like.—Species 2. East Africa to Natal and Mascarene Islands.GalactiaP. Browne298. Wings free from the keel. Flowers small, red. Leaflets large.299Wings adhering to the keel.300299. Fruit septate between the seeds, oblong. Seeds globose. Ovules 3-5.Style thickened below. Standard auricled at the base.—Species 1.German South-west Africa.NeorautaneniaSchinzFruit not septate between the seeds, flat, with transversely veined valves.Seeds reniform. Style awl-shaped. Upper calyx-lobes united high up.Hairy plants.—Species 5. Central and South-east Africa (AnarthrosyneE. Mey.)PseudarthriaWight & Arn.300. Bracteoles wanting. Keel gibbous or spurred on each side. Connective ending in a gland, a point, or a tuft of hairs. Plants with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Bracteoles present.301301. Standard spurred or gibbous at the apex of the claw. Style broadened above. Fruit flat. Seeds oblong. Stem twining. Flowers large.Bracteoles larger than the bracts. (See 275.)CentrosemaDC.Standard neither spurred nor gibbous. Flowers small or medium-sized.302302. Fruit jointed, flat, usually indehiscent. (See 231.)DesmodiumDesv.Fruit not jointed, but septate between the seeds, dehiscing by two valves.Corolla red; standard auricled at the base; wings exceeding the keel.Bracts bristle-like. (See 266.)GlycineL.303. (265.) Uppermost stamen united with the others in the middle. Calyx-lobes blunt and very short. Fruit not jointed, indehiscent.—Species30. Tropics. Some species yield timber, dyes, fish-poison, and medicaments.LonchocarpusH. B. & K.Uppermost stamen free from the base or nearly so, rarely (Desmodium) united with the others in the middle, but then calyx-lobes pointed.Fruit jointed or dehiscent.304304. Connective of the stamens produced in a gland, a point, or a tuft of hairs.Calyx-teeth subequal. Keel gibbous or spurred on each side. Ovary sessile or nearly so. Fruit transversely septate. Shrubs with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. Bracteoles none. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage.305305. Standard with two auricles at the base.306Standard without an appendage at the base.308306. Calyx-teeth blunt, nearly equal. Corolla usually red; keel beaked.Bracteoles deciduous.—Species 6. Madagascar and Mascarenes.StrongylodonVog.Calyx-teeth pointed, unequal, the upper united high up. Corolla yellow; keel blunt. Bracteoles none.307307. Standard oblong or ovate; keel longer than the wings. Ovary and base of the style hairy. Style thread-shaped. Ovules 2.—Species 1.Madagascar.BaukeaVatkeStandard orbicular; keel somewhat shorter than the wings. Ovary and base of style glabrous or downy. Style thickened in the middle and at the apex. Ovules numerous.—Species 1 (C. indicusSpreng., pigeon-pea). Tropics, also cultivated. Yields edible, pea-like fruitsand seeds, medicaments, fodder, food for silkworms, and manure.CajanusDC.308. Style bearded above. Upper calyx-teeth almost entirely united. Wings adhering to the shorter and pointed keel. Fruit not jointed. Bracteoles persistent. (See 274.)ClitoriaL.Style glabrous.309309. Fruit separating into joints, when ripe. Flowers usually small. Wings adhering to the keel. (See 231.)DesmodiumDesv.Fruit not jointed. Flowers large. Wings much shorter than the standard, sometimes wanting. Ovary stalked.—Species 20. Tropical andSouth Africa. Several species yield wood, vegetables, and medicaments, or serve as ornamental plants.ErythrinaL.310. (264.) Uppermost stamen united with the others from the base.311Uppermost stamen free from the others, at least at the base.314311. Ovule 1. Fruit ovate, not jointed, indehiscent. Gland-dotted plants.Bracteoles absent. (See 153.)PsoraleaL.Ovules 2 or more. Fruit linear or oblong, dehiscent or separating into joints.312312. Staminal tube split. Ovary sessile. Fruit breaking up into several joints. Shrubs. Bracteoles persistent. (See 242.)OrmocarpumBeauv.Staminal tube closed. Fruit not jointed, opening by two valves. Herbs or undershrubs. Bracteoles absent.313313. Connective of the stamens ending in a small point. Ovary sessile. Corolla red; keel blunt. Fruit slightly 4-angled, transversely septate.Stipules bristle-like. Flowers small, in racemes, without bracteoles.—Species2. Central Africa.CyamopsisDC.Connective without an appendage. Ovary stalked. Calyx deeply divided. Standard suborbicular. Leaflets minutely toothed. Stipules adnate to the leaf-stalk. (See 129.)OnonisL.314. Bracteoles present. Calyx-teeth subequal. Wings short. Ovary stalked. Ovules few.315Bracteoles absent.316315. Keel beaked. Standard clawed, auricled. Uppermost stamen free.Fruit opening by two valves. Seeds subglobular. Twining shrubs.Rachis of the raceme thickened at the insertion of the pedicels. (See306.)StrongylodonVog.Keel not beaked. Standard scarcely clawed. Uppermost stamen at first united with the others in the middle. Fruit breaking up into several joints. Seeds reniform. Erect undershrubs. (See 231.)TavernieraDC.316. Petals, at least the lower ones, adnate to the staminal tube. Herbs.Leaflets usually toothed. Flowers solitary or in spikes, heads, or umbels. (See 138.)TrifoliumL.Petals free from the staminal tube.317317. Connective of the stamens produced into a gland, a point, or a tuft ofhairs. Keel straight or slightly curved inwards, gibbous or spurred on each side. Fruit transversely septate. Plants with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage.318318. Ovule 1. Corolla red, blue, or white; standard clawed. Fruit ovate, indehiscent; pericarp adhering to the seed. Gland-dotted plants.Stipules stem-clasping, not adnate. Bracts membranous. (See 153.)PsoraleaL.Ovules 2 or more, rarely ovule 1, but then fruit more or less curved or coiled, corolla usually yellow, standard almost sessile, and stipules adnate to the leafstalk.319319. Uppermost stamen, at least when young, united with the others in the middle. Corolla red or white; standard suborbicular, clawed; wings adhering to the keel. Stigma usually hairy. Fruit dehiscing by two valves. Leaflets entire, usually with numerous parallel side-nerves.Flowers in terminal or leaf-opposed racemes, more rarely in axillary racemes or clusters. Bracts distinctly developed. (See 233.)TephrosiaPers.Uppermost stamen free from the base, rarely united with the others in the middle, but then standard oblong or ovate, sessile or nearly so, corolla usually yellow, fruit not or tardily dehiscent, leaflets usually toothed, stipules adnate to the leafstalk, inflorescence axillary, and bracts minute or wanting.320320. Ovules 1-2.321Ovules more than 2.325321. Calyx-lobes very unequal, the upper two almost wholly united, the side ones small, the lowest the longest, enlarged after flowering, scarious.Corolla reddish-yellow; standard auricled at base. Fruit falcate-ovate, enclosed by the calyx, 1-seeded, 2-valved. Twining undershrubs. (See 293.)CylistaAit.Calyx-lobes about equal, but the upper ones sometimes more or less united, not or scarcely enlarged after flowering.322322. Fruit dehiscing by two valves, more or less flattened, straight or nearly so. Upper calyx-teeth usually more or less united. Standard auricled at base. Leaflets usually entire.323Fruit not or very tardily dehiscing, turgid or curved to spiral, exceeding the calyx. Upper calyx-teeth scarcely or not united. Leaflets usually toothed. Stipules adnate to the leafstalk.324323. Seeds orbicular or reniform, with a more or less distinct outgrowth at the hilum; hilum orbicular or oblong, the funicle attached in the middle or nearly so. Standard orbicular or obovate. Twining or decumbent, rarely erect plants. (See 239.)RhynchosiaLour.Seeds oblong, without an outgrowth at the hilum; hilum linear, the funicle attached at its apex. Upper calyx-teeth not or shortly united.Standard oblong or obovate. Erect or decumbent, rarely twiningplants. (See 239.)EriosemaDC.324. Fruit straight, globular or ovoid, thick, wrinkled. Flowers in slender, more or less spike-like racemes, yellow, rarely white. Herbs.—Species10. North Africa and Abyssinia; several species also naturalized in South Africa. Used as fodder or in medicine.MelilotusJuss.Fruit more or less curved (sickle- or kidney-shaped) or spirally coiled, usually flattened. Flowers in short racemes or in heads.—Species35. North Africa to Abyssinia and South Africa; several species also naturalized in the Mascarene Islands. Some of them (especiallyM. sativaL., lucern) are used as fodder, or medicinal plants, and for making paper and brush-wares, others are noxious as burs.MedicagoL.325. Upper calyx-lobes more or less, sometimes entirely united. Corolla yellow. Standard suborbicular, auricled at base. Fruit linear or oblong, constricted between the seeds, dehiscing by two valves. Leaflets entire, gland-dotted.326Upper calyx-lobes not or scarcely united. Standard oblong or obovate.Fruit dehiscing at the upper suture or indehiscent, rarely tardily dehiscing by two valves. Leaflets usually toothed. Stipules adnate to the leafstalk.328326. Upper calyx-lobes shortly united. Keel exceeding the wings. Fruit oblong, curved, turgid, 1-celled. Seeds with an outgrowth at the hilum. Viscid, twining herbs or undershrubs.—Species 1. SouthAfrica and Madagascar.FageliaNeck.Upper calyx-lobes united for the greater part or entirely. Fruit compressed and transversely septate.327327. Fruit oblong, blunt or shortly pointed. Seeds with an outgrowth at the hilum. Herbs or undershrubs. Stipules persistent. Flowers in fascicles or short racemes.—Species 2. Madagascar and Mascarenes.(UnderAtylosiaWight & Arn.)CantharospermumWight & Arn.Fruit linear, ending in a long point. Seeds without an outgrowth at the hilum. Style broadened in the middle and towards the apex. Erect shrubs or undershrubs. Stipules deciduous, awl-shaped. Flowers in racemes. (See 307.)CajanusDC.328. Flowers in long, more or less spike-like racemes. Ovules few. Fruit oblong to globose, thick, straight, indehiscent, 1-3-seeded. Herbs.(See 324.)MelilotusJuss.Flowers solitary or in short racemes, heads, or umbels.329329. Fruit linear or oblong, straight or slightly curved. Herbs.—Species 25.North Africa, Nile-land, and South Africa.T. foenumgraecumL. is cultivated for its seeds, which are used as food, fodder, vermin-poison, in medicine, and in the manufacture of cloth; it is also used as a vegetable.TrigonellaL.Fruit spirally twisted, more rarely sickle- or kidney-shaped. (See 324.)MedicagoL.330. (251.) Stem herbaceous or woody at the base only.331Stem woody throughout.347331. Uppermost stamen united with the others from the base, at least when young.332Uppermost stamen free from the others, at least at the base.336332. Filaments united into a closed tube, at least when young. Corolla red, blue, or white. Fruit dehiscing by two valves.333Filaments united into a sheath split on one or both sides. Corolla yellow, sometimes veined with red. Fruit breaking up into joints, more rarely indehiscent.335333. Stem twining. Leaflets 5-7, stipellate. Bracteoles present. Uppermost stamen finally separating from the others. (See 266.)GlycineL.Stem erect or decumbent. Leaflets not stipellate. Bracteoles absent.Uppermost stamen remaining united with the others.334334. Leaflets 5-7. Stipules bristle-like. Corolla red; standard sessile; wings free. Connective ending in a short point. Fruit septate.(See 313.)CyamopsisDC.Leaflets numerous. Stipules semi-sagittate. Corolla blue or white; standard short-clawed; wings adhering to the keel. Connective without an appendage. Fruit 1-celled. (See 204.)GalegaL.335. Fruit enclosed by the enlarged calyx, folded, with 2 or more flat joints.Calyx 2-lipped. (See 208.)SmithiaAit.Fruit much exceeding the calyx. Ovary stalked. (See 209.)AeschynomeneL.336. Uppermost stamen united with the others in the middle, at least when young.337Uppermost stamen free throughout.339337. Standard clawed. Wings adhering to the keel. Ovules several or many, very rarely only 2. Stigma usually penicillate. Fruit linear, rarely oblong or ovate, dehiscing by two valves. Leaflets usually with many parallel side-nerves. Flowers white or red, in terminal or leaf-opposed racemes, rarely in axillary fascicles or racemes; in this case ovules numerous. Bracteoles absent. (See 233.)TephrosiaPers.Standard nearly sessile. Wings short. Ovules 1-3. Fruit oblong to orbicular, indehiscent, very rarely dehiscing by two valves. Flowers in axillary spikes or racemes.338338. Calyx-lobes much longer than the tube, feathery. Corolla red; keel adhering to the staminal tube. Fruit enclosed by the calyx, oblong or ovate. Unarmed, hairy plants. Stipules connate.—Species 2.North Africa.EbenusL.Calyx-lobes as long as or shorter than the tube. Fruit projecting beyondthe calyx, hemispherical or spirally twisted.—Species 10. NorthAfrica and Abyssinia. Sainfoin (O. sativaLam.) is cultivated in various regions for fodder, sometimes also as a medicinal or ornamental plant.OnobrychisGaertn.339. Style bearded lengthwise towards the top. Fruit 2-valved.340Style glabrous above or penicillate round the stigma.343340. Style thread-shaped, bearded on the outside or all round. Calyx-teeth subequal. Petals red or white, clawed; standard exceeding the wings and the keel. Seeds kidney-shaped, with a filiform funicle.Flowers in racemes.—Species 40. South Africa to Angola. Some are used medicinally. (ColuteastrumHeist.)LessertiaDC.Style flattened, bearded on the inner side.341341. Calyx-teeth unequal, the two upper ones united high up. Corolla blue or white. Seeds without an outgrowth at the hilum. Leaflets usually stipellate. Bracteoles persistent. (See 274.)ClitoriaL.Calyx-teeth about equal. Seeds with a small aril covering the hilum.Leaflets not stipellate. Bracteoles rudimentary or wanting.342342. Staminal tube obliquely truncate. Keel somewhat pointed. Ovary almost sessile. Ovules 2. Aril ovate or oblong. Flowers small, bluish-white. (See 212.)LensGren. & Godr.Staminal tube evenly truncate. Keel shorter than the wings, usually blunt. Ovules 3 or more. Aril usually linear. (See 128.)LathyrusL.343. Connective of the stamens bearing a gland, a point, or a tuft of hairs.Fruit transversely septate, 2-valved. Plants with appressed hairs fixed by the middle. (See 215.)IndigoferaL.Connective without an appendage. Hairs rarely fixed by the middle.344344. Leaflets stipellate, 5-7. Flowers in terminal racemes, without bracteoles.Fruit jointed, enclosed by the calyx; joints ovate, slightly flattened.—Species1. Central Africa. Used as an ornamental and medicinal plant.UrariaDesv.Leaflets not stipellate. Fruit jointed, with orbicular or quadrate flattened joints, or not jointed.345345. Fruit breaking up into joints, flat. Wings clawed, auricled, shorter than the scarcely clawed standard. Flowers in axillary racemes, with bristle-like bracteoles.—Species 12. North Africa. Some are used as fodder- or ornamental plants.HedysarumL.Fruit not jointed, usually septate lengthwise.316346. Fruit sessile, linear, flat, longitudinally 2-celled, indehiscent, the valves boat-shaped with a wavy and toothed keel. Hairy herbs. Leaflets emarginate. Stipules adnate to the leafstalk. Flowers in axillary spikes or fascicles, bluish or whitish.—Species 1. North Africa andAbyssinia.BiserrulaL.Fruit not flat and with wavy and toothed valves, tardily dehiscent.(See 219.)AstragalusL.347. (330.) Uppermost stamen united with the others from the base into a tube usually split in one or two places, rarely (Dalbergia) wanting.348Uppermost stamen free from the others, at least at the base.354348. Fruit breaking up into two or more joints, very rarely reduced to a single ovate, not winged joint. Calyx usually two-lipped. Corolla yellow or white, sometimes with red stripes or veins. Standard suborbicular.Erect shrubs.349Fruit not jointed, indehiscent, more or less distinctly winged, rarely not winged but curved. Ovules few. Trees or climbing, very rarely erect shrubs.351349. Fruit enclosed by the enlarged calyx, folded, jointed. Seeds 2 or more, reniform or orbicular, flat. Calyx two-lipped. Racemes short.Bracteoles persistent. (See 208.)SmithiaAit.Fruit much exceeding the calyx.350350. Joints of the fruit 2 or more, oblong, usually striate. Ovary sessile, with several or many ovules. Racemes few-flowered. Bracteoles persistent. (See 242.)OrmocarpumBeauv.Joints of the fruit quadrate to semiorbicular, not striate. Ovary usually stalked. (See 209.)AeschynomeneL.351. Staminal tube closed all round. Calyx subtruncate, very shortly or obscurely toothed. Wings adhering to the keel. Leaflets opposite—Species15. Tropics. Some are poisonous. (DegueliaAubl., includingLeptoderrisDunn)DerrisLour.Staminal tube split in one or two places. Leaflets usually alternate.352352. Anthers attached by the base, with erect cells opening by a short apical slit, or with divergent cells opening lengthwise. Calyx-lobes unequal.