[587]A town Teiria, of the ‘Leuco-Syrians,’ is mentioned by Hecatæus of Miletus (Fragm. Hist. Graec., ed. Müller-Didot, No. 194). M. Maspero inclines to the identification of this place with Eyuk (The Passing of Empires, p. 338).[588]Cf. the citadel gateway of Sinjerli,p. 278.[589]Op. cit., Pl.I.fig. 10.[590]Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 6.[591]In this conclusion we differ from Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 11, 13.[592]It may be seen in the photograph,Pl.LXXII., and covers the sculptured block markedein the plan, extending a little way on either side.[593]The restoration suggested by Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11.[594]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.[595]Cf. the ‘Stadt-thor’ at Sinjerli; Von Luschan,Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli(Berlin, 1902), Pls.XXIX.,XXXIV.; and below,p. 274.[596]The recent excavators failed to see the remains of these sphinxes,op. cit., p. 11, but they are quite plain in profile after the earth has been cleared away; see a photo,Liverpool Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), Pl.III.[597]Cf. for example, Murray’sHandbook for Asia Minor, p. 27.[598]Pl.LXXII.Cf. the details of the Sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXII.[599]Cf. Maspero,The Struggle of the Nations, p. 648.[600]See the photograph in Newberry, etc.,Short History of Egypt(ed. 1907), frontispiece. The special feature of the horseshoe-like head-dress occurs on scarabs of the Hyksos period (cf. the same writer’sScarabs, London, 1906, Pl.XXV.No. 30), another suggestion of Asiatic origins.[601]Berlin Mus., Etruscan Rooms, No. 1251. Compare also some weathered statues from Sinjerli described below, pp.297,298.[602]Cf.Pl.XLIV.See also what is said about this cult onp. 359.[603]Cf. the round altars of Emir-Ghazi,p. 183, and the representations at Fraktin,Pl.XLVII.p. 150.[604]Cf. Sayce,The Hittites(1903), p. 39, for revised translation of this passage in the treaty: cited below,p. 349.[605]Cf.Pl.LXVII.[606]Cf. Pls.LXV.-LXVII.[607]We cannot accept the theory of an intentional opening (Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11).[608]Cf.p. 105,Pl.XXXIX.[609]At the Liverpool Institute of Archæology.[610]Pl.LXXII.[611]The stones of the lower course vary from 3 ft. 11 in. to 4 ft. 2 in.[612]This is more clearly suggested in a second photograph taken in the afternoon, with the shadows to the right hand.[613]Traceable easily on the stone, but usually in shadow, owing to the projection of the stone of the upper course.[614]‘The bagpipe consists of the skin of a dog apparently, the insufflation pipe being at the tail end, while the drone pipe was probably concealed within the dog’s head, with the vent through its mouth. The same idea was carried out in the Middle Ages in Europe. Cf. Aristophanes,Acharnians(i. 866): ‘you flute-players who are here from Thebes blow the dog’s tail with your bone-pipes’ (Extract from a letter from Miss K. Schlesinger).[615]Pl.LIII.[616]Pl.LXV.[617]Pl.XLVII.[618]MM. Perrot and Guillaume in particular seem to have fallen before the pitfalls of perspective in the picture, and their drawing is misleading (Exploration Archéologique, Cappadoce, Pl.LXIV.;Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 338). They have been followed by others.[619]Perrot and Chipiez,op. cit., p. 174, fig. 339.[620]See below, Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.[621]See Perrot,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 341 and fig. 340;Exploration, Pl.LVII.[622]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.[623]These details were in vogue throughout the whole range of Hittite art at Sinjerli: see pp.275,289. Cf. alsoPl.XXIV.(ii).[624]P. 252: on the question of date, see below,p. 367.[625]There is no analogy to date this object earlier than the ninth or tenth centuryB.C.Cf. pp.210,301.[626]Ramsay,Jour. Roy. Asiatic Society(N.S.), xv. p. 116, with sketch plan.[627]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 335, represents the right-hand figure with head-dress serrated, but this marking seems to be the weathering of the stone.[628]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 336, Pl.LXIII.; Macridy Bey,op. cit., fig. 28, p. 21.[629]Loc. cit., alsoRecueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 91 and fig. 5.[630]Cf. Pls.XLIV.andXLVII.[631]Pl.LXV.,p. 223(Nos. 3, 4, R.).[632]Winckler,Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft(Berlin, 1907, No. 35), p. 70. Abb. 12, Das Ost-tor. See also above,p. 205.[633]Messerschmidt,C.I.H., Pl.XXIX., No. 17.[634]Taken by Perrot for part of a sphinx, and by Macridy Bey for the lower part of a standing upright figure (op. cit., p. 25).[635]No. 16 in M. Perrot’s Plan,op. cit., fig. 324 (Pl.LV.).[636]We do not agree with any of the suggested restorations of these motives. Cf. Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 27, 28; Chantre,Mission en Cappadoce(Paris, 1898), p. 9.[637]Von Luschan and others:Mitteilungen aus den Orientalistischen Sammlungen, Hefte xi., xii., and xiii.;Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., ii., iii. (Berlin, 1893, 1898, 1907).[638]Published under the same auspices.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iv.[639]See the Map onp. 375.[640]Not much can be inferred from this fact, inasmuch as the Hittite palaces even of the Aramæan phase were probably based upon earlier models and of much the same plan. There are references to theHilâniin the time of Sargon.[641]Compare the plan of the lower palace at Boghaz-Keui,p. 207.[642]Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXIV.[643]Compare with the tail of sphinx of Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.[644]Cf. a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi, Pl.LXXXI.(ii), and one from Marash, p. 115. So also the eagle-headed monster described above.[645]See above, pp.203,253, andPl.LX., andplan, p. 247.[646]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii. p. 122 (Koldewey).[647]Corresponding in the main with the scheme of publication inAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. pp. 208-229, to the illustrations of which we refer in the footnotes.[648]Pp.133,134;Pl.XXXIX.andp. 105.[649]Op. cit., iii. Pl.XXXIX.[650]SeePl.LXXV.(ii), reproduced by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt. Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XL.[651]As the band is in each case doubled, it does not seem probable that this is merely the detail of an upper part to the shoe. Cf. the monument of Ivrîz,Pl.LVII.[652]Compare the shield of the Hittite warrior shown on the north wall of the temple of RamesesII.at Abydos, Egypt; below,Pl.LXXXIII. (ii).[653]Compare Pls.LXV.,LXVIII.,LXXI.[654]ComparePl.LXXXI.[655]But not projecting beyond it as with the lions of Eyuk,p. 263, and Marash,Pl.XLII., Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXIX.: compare the lion reliefs of Angora,p. 162.[656]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XLIV.(ii).[657]For Nos. vii.-xv. seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVII.[658]SeePl.LXXV.(i)(by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt).[659]Cf. pp.101,111.[660]P. 135.[661]Compare a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi,p. 105; alsoPl.LXXXI.[662]For a photograph of the sculptures ix.-xv.,in situ, seePl.LXXVI., reproduced by courtesy of Professor A. H. Sayce and the S.P.C.K., fromThe Hittites, p. 70.[663]This wall, it will be borne in mind, faces to the south, being the inner wall of the inner pilaster. For the sculptures xvi.-xxxii., seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVIII.[664]Cf. No. ii. above,Pl.LXXV.(ii).[665]No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii).[666]Compare the sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.(i).[667]In Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XXXVIII., at the top, these sculptures are aligned artificially with others for the photograph.[668]Cf. the eagle-headed deity at Sakje-Geuzi, below,Pl.LXXX.[669]On the general question of rearrangement of these sculptures, see below,p. 296.[670]SeePl.LXXVII.(i); andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XLI.(i).[671]Cf. the sculptures of Marash,p. 111, and of Boghaz-Keui,p. 217,Pl.LXIII.(ii).[672]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIV.[673]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIII.No. 1.[674]Letter from Miss K. Schlesinger, October 4, 1909.[675]In the Camp Scene, Brit. Mus.[676]Cf. the musicians of Eyuk,Pl.LXXIII.(ii).[677]Cf. the sculpture of Marash,p. 118.[678]Compare the features of the warrior, No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii), with the god-figures, Pls.LXXV.(ii),LXXVII.[679]Below,Pl.LXXIX.; andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pls.XLVI.,XLVII.[680]Op. cit., iii. p. 236 (with figs. 142, 143, 144, 145), where they are ascribed to Byzantine origins.[681]Above,p. 254andPl.LXXII.[682]By the Liverpool expedition of 1908.Liv. Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), pp. 97-117, and Pls.XXXIII.-XLIX.[683]Cf.p. 205.[684]Only the base or pedestal of the column was preserved, and the excavators found reason to believe that, after the destruction of the building, it had served some other purpose, possibly as an altar.[685]See Pls.LXXVII.,LXXXI.[686]See Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.; and compare the lions of Marash (Pl.XLII.), of Eyuk (p. 263), and of Sinjerli (p. 297). Also of Boghaz-Keui,Pl.LX.andp. 210.[687]Compare the treatment of the mounds upon which stands the priest-dynast in the sculptures of Iasily Kaya, No. 22 R.,Pl.LXVIII.[688]On the subject of this emblem, cf. Ridgeway, ‘The Origin of the Turkish Crescent,’Jour. Roy. Anthrop. Inst., vol. xxxviii., ii. (1908), p. 241.[689]Cf. the double eagles of Iasily Kaya and Eyuk, Pls.LXV.,LXXII.[690]Cf.p. 253andPl.LXXII.[691]In the Liverpool Institute of Archæology there is a small stela of Egyptian work dating from about the twenty-eighth dynasty, on which a standing sphinx is portrayed; the tail of this creature is made to represent the head of a cobra. Compare also a sculpture from Sinjerli,p. 275.[692]Cf. the tassel and dirk upon the stone recently discovered at Marash,p. 115.[693]Especially in representations of the priesthood. Cf. Boghaz-Keui, (Pl.LXVIII.), Eyuk (Pl.LXXII.).[694]The treatment of this bird is very similar to that on the small monument from Marash,p. 118, illustrated in Humann and Puchstein,Reisen in Kleinasien, Pl.XLVII., fig. 2; and Perrot and Chipiez,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 68, fig. 2, and p. 181. It is interesting to compare it also with the bird sculptured on an archaic statue from Asia Minor of the sixth centuryB.C., No. 1577, Berlin Museum,Stehende Frau.[695]Seep. 255,Pl.LXXII.[696]Compare the head-dress of the priest-king just described. The horns are wanting on the similar sphinx-base from Sinjerli (Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XXXIII.), and in this case an extra short wing is shown descending behind the shoulder: otherwise the details of treatment correspond. It is interesting to compare these bases with one of purely Assyrian style, published by Layard (Monuments of Nineveh, i. Pl.XCV.); in the latter case there are three pairs of horns, and the rendering of the idea differs in nearly every detail.[697]SeeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., p. 54, fig. 16; and Berlin Vorderas. Mus., No. 3012.[698]SeeChapterIII., p. 141, andPl.XLV., and cf.p. 142, note 4.[699]In the Berl. Vorderas. Mus., videAusgrabungen, etc., iv.[700]In this opinion we differ somewhat from Dr. Messerschmidt,Orientalistische Litteraturzeitung, Sept. 1909, pp. 378, 381, where he reviews the results of the excavations made by us at Sakje-Geuzi.[701]SeeLiverpool Annals of Archæology, vol. i., No. 4, Pl.XLIII., and p. 112, etc.
[587]A town Teiria, of the ‘Leuco-Syrians,’ is mentioned by Hecatæus of Miletus (Fragm. Hist. Graec., ed. Müller-Didot, No. 194). M. Maspero inclines to the identification of this place with Eyuk (The Passing of Empires, p. 338).
[587]A town Teiria, of the ‘Leuco-Syrians,’ is mentioned by Hecatæus of Miletus (Fragm. Hist. Graec., ed. Müller-Didot, No. 194). M. Maspero inclines to the identification of this place with Eyuk (The Passing of Empires, p. 338).
[588]Cf. the citadel gateway of Sinjerli,p. 278.
[588]Cf. the citadel gateway of Sinjerli,p. 278.
[589]Op. cit., Pl.I.fig. 10.
[589]Op. cit., Pl.I.fig. 10.
[590]Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 6.
[590]Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 6.
[591]In this conclusion we differ from Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 11, 13.
[591]In this conclusion we differ from Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 11, 13.
[592]It may be seen in the photograph,Pl.LXXII., and covers the sculptured block markedein the plan, extending a little way on either side.
[592]It may be seen in the photograph,Pl.LXXII., and covers the sculptured block markedein the plan, extending a little way on either side.
[593]The restoration suggested by Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11.
[593]The restoration suggested by Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11.
[594]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.
[594]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.
[595]Cf. the ‘Stadt-thor’ at Sinjerli; Von Luschan,Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli(Berlin, 1902), Pls.XXIX.,XXXIV.; and below,p. 274.
[595]Cf. the ‘Stadt-thor’ at Sinjerli; Von Luschan,Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli(Berlin, 1902), Pls.XXIX.,XXXIV.; and below,p. 274.
[596]The recent excavators failed to see the remains of these sphinxes,op. cit., p. 11, but they are quite plain in profile after the earth has been cleared away; see a photo,Liverpool Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), Pl.III.
[596]The recent excavators failed to see the remains of these sphinxes,op. cit., p. 11, but they are quite plain in profile after the earth has been cleared away; see a photo,Liverpool Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), Pl.III.
[597]Cf. for example, Murray’sHandbook for Asia Minor, p. 27.
[597]Cf. for example, Murray’sHandbook for Asia Minor, p. 27.
[598]Pl.LXXII.Cf. the details of the Sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXII.
[598]Pl.LXXII.Cf. the details of the Sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXII.
[599]Cf. Maspero,The Struggle of the Nations, p. 648.
[599]Cf. Maspero,The Struggle of the Nations, p. 648.
[600]See the photograph in Newberry, etc.,Short History of Egypt(ed. 1907), frontispiece. The special feature of the horseshoe-like head-dress occurs on scarabs of the Hyksos period (cf. the same writer’sScarabs, London, 1906, Pl.XXV.No. 30), another suggestion of Asiatic origins.
[600]See the photograph in Newberry, etc.,Short History of Egypt(ed. 1907), frontispiece. The special feature of the horseshoe-like head-dress occurs on scarabs of the Hyksos period (cf. the same writer’sScarabs, London, 1906, Pl.XXV.No. 30), another suggestion of Asiatic origins.
[601]Berlin Mus., Etruscan Rooms, No. 1251. Compare also some weathered statues from Sinjerli described below, pp.297,298.
[601]Berlin Mus., Etruscan Rooms, No. 1251. Compare also some weathered statues from Sinjerli described below, pp.297,298.
[602]Cf.Pl.XLIV.See also what is said about this cult onp. 359.
[602]Cf.Pl.XLIV.See also what is said about this cult onp. 359.
[603]Cf. the round altars of Emir-Ghazi,p. 183, and the representations at Fraktin,Pl.XLVII.p. 150.
[603]Cf. the round altars of Emir-Ghazi,p. 183, and the representations at Fraktin,Pl.XLVII.p. 150.
[604]Cf. Sayce,The Hittites(1903), p. 39, for revised translation of this passage in the treaty: cited below,p. 349.
[604]Cf. Sayce,The Hittites(1903), p. 39, for revised translation of this passage in the treaty: cited below,p. 349.
[605]Cf.Pl.LXVII.
[605]Cf.Pl.LXVII.
[606]Cf. Pls.LXV.-LXVII.
[606]Cf. Pls.LXV.-LXVII.
[607]We cannot accept the theory of an intentional opening (Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11).
[607]We cannot accept the theory of an intentional opening (Macridy Bey,op. cit., p. 11).
[608]Cf.p. 105,Pl.XXXIX.
[608]Cf.p. 105,Pl.XXXIX.
[609]At the Liverpool Institute of Archæology.
[609]At the Liverpool Institute of Archæology.
[610]Pl.LXXII.
[610]Pl.LXXII.
[611]The stones of the lower course vary from 3 ft. 11 in. to 4 ft. 2 in.
[611]The stones of the lower course vary from 3 ft. 11 in. to 4 ft. 2 in.
[612]This is more clearly suggested in a second photograph taken in the afternoon, with the shadows to the right hand.
[612]This is more clearly suggested in a second photograph taken in the afternoon, with the shadows to the right hand.
[613]Traceable easily on the stone, but usually in shadow, owing to the projection of the stone of the upper course.
[613]Traceable easily on the stone, but usually in shadow, owing to the projection of the stone of the upper course.
[614]‘The bagpipe consists of the skin of a dog apparently, the insufflation pipe being at the tail end, while the drone pipe was probably concealed within the dog’s head, with the vent through its mouth. The same idea was carried out in the Middle Ages in Europe. Cf. Aristophanes,Acharnians(i. 866): ‘you flute-players who are here from Thebes blow the dog’s tail with your bone-pipes’ (Extract from a letter from Miss K. Schlesinger).
[614]‘The bagpipe consists of the skin of a dog apparently, the insufflation pipe being at the tail end, while the drone pipe was probably concealed within the dog’s head, with the vent through its mouth. The same idea was carried out in the Middle Ages in Europe. Cf. Aristophanes,Acharnians(i. 866): ‘you flute-players who are here from Thebes blow the dog’s tail with your bone-pipes’ (Extract from a letter from Miss K. Schlesinger).
[615]Pl.LIII.
[615]Pl.LIII.
[616]Pl.LXV.
[616]Pl.LXV.
[617]Pl.XLVII.
[617]Pl.XLVII.
[618]MM. Perrot and Guillaume in particular seem to have fallen before the pitfalls of perspective in the picture, and their drawing is misleading (Exploration Archéologique, Cappadoce, Pl.LXIV.;Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 338). They have been followed by others.
[618]MM. Perrot and Guillaume in particular seem to have fallen before the pitfalls of perspective in the picture, and their drawing is misleading (Exploration Archéologique, Cappadoce, Pl.LXIV.;Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 338). They have been followed by others.
[619]Perrot and Chipiez,op. cit., p. 174, fig. 339.
[619]Perrot and Chipiez,op. cit., p. 174, fig. 339.
[620]See below, Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.
[620]See below, Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.
[621]See Perrot,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 341 and fig. 340;Exploration, Pl.LVII.
[621]See Perrot,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii., fig. 341 and fig. 340;Exploration, Pl.LVII.
[622]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.
[622]Macridy Bey,op. cit., figs. 23, 24.
[623]These details were in vogue throughout the whole range of Hittite art at Sinjerli: see pp.275,289. Cf. alsoPl.XXIV.(ii).
[623]These details were in vogue throughout the whole range of Hittite art at Sinjerli: see pp.275,289. Cf. alsoPl.XXIV.(ii).
[624]P. 252: on the question of date, see below,p. 367.
[624]P. 252: on the question of date, see below,p. 367.
[625]There is no analogy to date this object earlier than the ninth or tenth centuryB.C.Cf. pp.210,301.
[625]There is no analogy to date this object earlier than the ninth or tenth centuryB.C.Cf. pp.210,301.
[626]Ramsay,Jour. Roy. Asiatic Society(N.S.), xv. p. 116, with sketch plan.
[626]Ramsay,Jour. Roy. Asiatic Society(N.S.), xv. p. 116, with sketch plan.
[627]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 335, represents the right-hand figure with head-dress serrated, but this marking seems to be the weathering of the stone.
[627]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 335, represents the right-hand figure with head-dress serrated, but this marking seems to be the weathering of the stone.
[628]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 336, Pl.LXIII.; Macridy Bey,op. cit., fig. 28, p. 21.
[628]Perrot,op. cit., fig. 336, Pl.LXIII.; Macridy Bey,op. cit., fig. 28, p. 21.
[629]Loc. cit., alsoRecueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 91 and fig. 5.
[629]Loc. cit., alsoRecueil de Travaux, xiv. p. 91 and fig. 5.
[630]Cf. Pls.XLIV.andXLVII.
[630]Cf. Pls.XLIV.andXLVII.
[631]Pl.LXV.,p. 223(Nos. 3, 4, R.).
[631]Pl.LXV.,p. 223(Nos. 3, 4, R.).
[632]Winckler,Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft(Berlin, 1907, No. 35), p. 70. Abb. 12, Das Ost-tor. See also above,p. 205.
[632]Winckler,Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft(Berlin, 1907, No. 35), p. 70. Abb. 12, Das Ost-tor. See also above,p. 205.
[633]Messerschmidt,C.I.H., Pl.XXIX., No. 17.
[633]Messerschmidt,C.I.H., Pl.XXIX., No. 17.
[634]Taken by Perrot for part of a sphinx, and by Macridy Bey for the lower part of a standing upright figure (op. cit., p. 25).
[634]Taken by Perrot for part of a sphinx, and by Macridy Bey for the lower part of a standing upright figure (op. cit., p. 25).
[635]No. 16 in M. Perrot’s Plan,op. cit., fig. 324 (Pl.LV.).
[635]No. 16 in M. Perrot’s Plan,op. cit., fig. 324 (Pl.LV.).
[636]We do not agree with any of the suggested restorations of these motives. Cf. Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 27, 28; Chantre,Mission en Cappadoce(Paris, 1898), p. 9.
[636]We do not agree with any of the suggested restorations of these motives. Cf. Macridy Bey,op. cit., pp. 27, 28; Chantre,Mission en Cappadoce(Paris, 1898), p. 9.
[637]Von Luschan and others:Mitteilungen aus den Orientalistischen Sammlungen, Hefte xi., xii., and xiii.;Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., ii., iii. (Berlin, 1893, 1898, 1907).
[637]Von Luschan and others:Mitteilungen aus den Orientalistischen Sammlungen, Hefte xi., xii., and xiii.;Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., ii., iii. (Berlin, 1893, 1898, 1907).
[638]Published under the same auspices.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iv.
[638]Published under the same auspices.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iv.
[639]See the Map onp. 375.
[639]See the Map onp. 375.
[640]Not much can be inferred from this fact, inasmuch as the Hittite palaces even of the Aramæan phase were probably based upon earlier models and of much the same plan. There are references to theHilâniin the time of Sargon.
[640]Not much can be inferred from this fact, inasmuch as the Hittite palaces even of the Aramæan phase were probably based upon earlier models and of much the same plan. There are references to theHilâniin the time of Sargon.
[641]Compare the plan of the lower palace at Boghaz-Keui,p. 207.
[641]Compare the plan of the lower palace at Boghaz-Keui,p. 207.
[642]Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXIV.
[642]Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXIV.
[643]Compare with the tail of sphinx of Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.
[643]Compare with the tail of sphinx of Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.
[644]Cf. a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi, Pl.LXXXI.(ii), and one from Marash, p. 115. So also the eagle-headed monster described above.
[644]Cf. a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi, Pl.LXXXI.(ii), and one from Marash, p. 115. So also the eagle-headed monster described above.
[645]See above, pp.203,253, andPl.LX., andplan, p. 247.
[645]See above, pp.203,253, andPl.LX., andplan, p. 247.
[646]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii. p. 122 (Koldewey).
[646]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii. p. 122 (Koldewey).
[647]Corresponding in the main with the scheme of publication inAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. pp. 208-229, to the illustrations of which we refer in the footnotes.
[647]Corresponding in the main with the scheme of publication inAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. pp. 208-229, to the illustrations of which we refer in the footnotes.
[648]Pp.133,134;Pl.XXXIX.andp. 105.
[648]Pp.133,134;Pl.XXXIX.andp. 105.
[649]Op. cit., iii. Pl.XXXIX.
[649]Op. cit., iii. Pl.XXXIX.
[650]SeePl.LXXV.(ii), reproduced by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt. Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XL.
[650]SeePl.LXXV.(ii), reproduced by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt. Cf.Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XL.
[651]As the band is in each case doubled, it does not seem probable that this is merely the detail of an upper part to the shoe. Cf. the monument of Ivrîz,Pl.LVII.
[651]As the band is in each case doubled, it does not seem probable that this is merely the detail of an upper part to the shoe. Cf. the monument of Ivrîz,Pl.LVII.
[652]Compare the shield of the Hittite warrior shown on the north wall of the temple of RamesesII.at Abydos, Egypt; below,Pl.LXXXIII. (ii).
[652]Compare the shield of the Hittite warrior shown on the north wall of the temple of RamesesII.at Abydos, Egypt; below,Pl.LXXXIII. (ii).
[653]Compare Pls.LXV.,LXVIII.,LXXI.
[653]Compare Pls.LXV.,LXVIII.,LXXI.
[654]ComparePl.LXXXI.
[654]ComparePl.LXXXI.
[655]But not projecting beyond it as with the lions of Eyuk,p. 263, and Marash,Pl.XLII., Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXIX.: compare the lion reliefs of Angora,p. 162.
[655]But not projecting beyond it as with the lions of Eyuk,p. 263, and Marash,Pl.XLII., Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXIX.: compare the lion reliefs of Angora,p. 162.
[656]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XLIV.(ii).
[656]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XLIV.(ii).
[657]For Nos. vii.-xv. seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVII.
[657]For Nos. vii.-xv. seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVII.
[658]SeePl.LXXV.(i)(by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt).
[658]SeePl.LXXV.(i)(by courtesy of Dr. Messerschmidt).
[659]Cf. pp.101,111.
[659]Cf. pp.101,111.
[660]P. 135.
[660]P. 135.
[661]Compare a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi,p. 105; alsoPl.LXXXI.
[661]Compare a sculpture from Sakje-Geuzi,p. 105; alsoPl.LXXXI.
[662]For a photograph of the sculptures ix.-xv.,in situ, seePl.LXXVI., reproduced by courtesy of Professor A. H. Sayce and the S.P.C.K., fromThe Hittites, p. 70.
[662]For a photograph of the sculptures ix.-xv.,in situ, seePl.LXXVI., reproduced by courtesy of Professor A. H. Sayce and the S.P.C.K., fromThe Hittites, p. 70.
[663]This wall, it will be borne in mind, faces to the south, being the inner wall of the inner pilaster. For the sculptures xvi.-xxxii., seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVIII.
[663]This wall, it will be borne in mind, faces to the south, being the inner wall of the inner pilaster. For the sculptures xvi.-xxxii., seeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii. Pl.XXXVIII.
[664]Cf. No. ii. above,Pl.LXXV.(ii).
[664]Cf. No. ii. above,Pl.LXXV.(ii).
[665]No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii).
[665]No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii).
[666]Compare the sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.(i).
[666]Compare the sphinx from Sakje-Geuzi,Pl.LXXXI.(i).
[667]In Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XXXVIII., at the top, these sculptures are aligned artificially with others for the photograph.
[667]In Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XXXVIII., at the top, these sculptures are aligned artificially with others for the photograph.
[668]Cf. the eagle-headed deity at Sakje-Geuzi, below,Pl.LXXX.
[668]Cf. the eagle-headed deity at Sakje-Geuzi, below,Pl.LXXX.
[669]On the general question of rearrangement of these sculptures, see below,p. 296.
[669]On the general question of rearrangement of these sculptures, see below,p. 296.
[670]SeePl.LXXVII.(i); andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XLI.(i).
[670]SeePl.LXXVII.(i); andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XLI.(i).
[671]Cf. the sculptures of Marash,p. 111, and of Boghaz-Keui,p. 217,Pl.LXIII.(ii).
[671]Cf. the sculptures of Marash,p. 111, and of Boghaz-Keui,p. 217,Pl.LXIII.(ii).
[672]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIV.
[672]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIV.
[673]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIII.No. 1.
[673]Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pl.XLIII.No. 1.
[674]Letter from Miss K. Schlesinger, October 4, 1909.
[674]Letter from Miss K. Schlesinger, October 4, 1909.
[675]In the Camp Scene, Brit. Mus.
[675]In the Camp Scene, Brit. Mus.
[676]Cf. the musicians of Eyuk,Pl.LXXIII.(ii).
[676]Cf. the musicians of Eyuk,Pl.LXXIII.(ii).
[677]Cf. the sculpture of Marash,p. 118.
[677]Cf. the sculpture of Marash,p. 118.
[678]Compare the features of the warrior, No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii), with the god-figures, Pls.LXXV.(ii),LXXVII.
[678]Compare the features of the warrior, No. ii.,Pl.LXXV.(ii), with the god-figures, Pls.LXXV.(ii),LXXVII.
[679]Below,Pl.LXXIX.; andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pls.XLVI.,XLVII.
[679]Below,Pl.LXXIX.; andAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, iii., Pls.XLVI.,XLVII.
[680]Op. cit., iii. p. 236 (with figs. 142, 143, 144, 145), where they are ascribed to Byzantine origins.
[680]Op. cit., iii. p. 236 (with figs. 142, 143, 144, 145), where they are ascribed to Byzantine origins.
[681]Above,p. 254andPl.LXXII.
[681]Above,p. 254andPl.LXXII.
[682]By the Liverpool expedition of 1908.Liv. Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), pp. 97-117, and Pls.XXXIII.-XLIX.
[682]By the Liverpool expedition of 1908.Liv. Annals of Archæology, i. (1908), pp. 97-117, and Pls.XXXIII.-XLIX.
[683]Cf.p. 205.
[683]Cf.p. 205.
[684]Only the base or pedestal of the column was preserved, and the excavators found reason to believe that, after the destruction of the building, it had served some other purpose, possibly as an altar.
[684]Only the base or pedestal of the column was preserved, and the excavators found reason to believe that, after the destruction of the building, it had served some other purpose, possibly as an altar.
[685]See Pls.LXXVII.,LXXXI.
[685]See Pls.LXXVII.,LXXXI.
[686]See Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.; and compare the lions of Marash (Pl.XLII.), of Eyuk (p. 263), and of Sinjerli (p. 297). Also of Boghaz-Keui,Pl.LX.andp. 210.
[686]See Pls.LXXIX.,LXXX.; and compare the lions of Marash (Pl.XLII.), of Eyuk (p. 263), and of Sinjerli (p. 297). Also of Boghaz-Keui,Pl.LX.andp. 210.
[687]Compare the treatment of the mounds upon which stands the priest-dynast in the sculptures of Iasily Kaya, No. 22 R.,Pl.LXVIII.
[687]Compare the treatment of the mounds upon which stands the priest-dynast in the sculptures of Iasily Kaya, No. 22 R.,Pl.LXVIII.
[688]On the subject of this emblem, cf. Ridgeway, ‘The Origin of the Turkish Crescent,’Jour. Roy. Anthrop. Inst., vol. xxxviii., ii. (1908), p. 241.
[688]On the subject of this emblem, cf. Ridgeway, ‘The Origin of the Turkish Crescent,’Jour. Roy. Anthrop. Inst., vol. xxxviii., ii. (1908), p. 241.
[689]Cf. the double eagles of Iasily Kaya and Eyuk, Pls.LXV.,LXXII.
[689]Cf. the double eagles of Iasily Kaya and Eyuk, Pls.LXV.,LXXII.
[690]Cf.p. 253andPl.LXXII.
[690]Cf.p. 253andPl.LXXII.
[691]In the Liverpool Institute of Archæology there is a small stela of Egyptian work dating from about the twenty-eighth dynasty, on which a standing sphinx is portrayed; the tail of this creature is made to represent the head of a cobra. Compare also a sculpture from Sinjerli,p. 275.
[691]In the Liverpool Institute of Archæology there is a small stela of Egyptian work dating from about the twenty-eighth dynasty, on which a standing sphinx is portrayed; the tail of this creature is made to represent the head of a cobra. Compare also a sculpture from Sinjerli,p. 275.
[692]Cf. the tassel and dirk upon the stone recently discovered at Marash,p. 115.
[692]Cf. the tassel and dirk upon the stone recently discovered at Marash,p. 115.
[693]Especially in representations of the priesthood. Cf. Boghaz-Keui, (Pl.LXVIII.), Eyuk (Pl.LXXII.).
[693]Especially in representations of the priesthood. Cf. Boghaz-Keui, (Pl.LXVIII.), Eyuk (Pl.LXXII.).
[694]The treatment of this bird is very similar to that on the small monument from Marash,p. 118, illustrated in Humann and Puchstein,Reisen in Kleinasien, Pl.XLVII., fig. 2; and Perrot and Chipiez,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 68, fig. 2, and p. 181. It is interesting to compare it also with the bird sculptured on an archaic statue from Asia Minor of the sixth centuryB.C., No. 1577, Berlin Museum,Stehende Frau.
[694]The treatment of this bird is very similar to that on the small monument from Marash,p. 118, illustrated in Humann and Puchstein,Reisen in Kleinasien, Pl.XLVII., fig. 2; and Perrot and Chipiez,Art in ... Asia Minor, ii. p. 68, fig. 2, and p. 181. It is interesting to compare it also with the bird sculptured on an archaic statue from Asia Minor of the sixth centuryB.C., No. 1577, Berlin Museum,Stehende Frau.
[695]Seep. 255,Pl.LXXII.
[695]Seep. 255,Pl.LXXII.
[696]Compare the head-dress of the priest-king just described. The horns are wanting on the similar sphinx-base from Sinjerli (Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XXXIII.), and in this case an extra short wing is shown descending behind the shoulder: otherwise the details of treatment correspond. It is interesting to compare these bases with one of purely Assyrian style, published by Layard (Monuments of Nineveh, i. Pl.XCV.); in the latter case there are three pairs of horns, and the rendering of the idea differs in nearly every detail.
[696]Compare the head-dress of the priest-king just described. The horns are wanting on the similar sphinx-base from Sinjerli (Ausgrabungen in Sendschirli, ii., Pl.XXXIII.), and in this case an extra short wing is shown descending behind the shoulder: otherwise the details of treatment correspond. It is interesting to compare these bases with one of purely Assyrian style, published by Layard (Monuments of Nineveh, i. Pl.XCV.); in the latter case there are three pairs of horns, and the rendering of the idea differs in nearly every detail.
[697]SeeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., p. 54, fig. 16; and Berlin Vorderas. Mus., No. 3012.
[697]SeeAusgrabungen in Sendschirli, i., p. 54, fig. 16; and Berlin Vorderas. Mus., No. 3012.
[698]SeeChapterIII., p. 141, andPl.XLV., and cf.p. 142, note 4.
[698]SeeChapterIII., p. 141, andPl.XLV., and cf.p. 142, note 4.
[699]In the Berl. Vorderas. Mus., videAusgrabungen, etc., iv.
[699]In the Berl. Vorderas. Mus., videAusgrabungen, etc., iv.
[700]In this opinion we differ somewhat from Dr. Messerschmidt,Orientalistische Litteraturzeitung, Sept. 1909, pp. 378, 381, where he reviews the results of the excavations made by us at Sakje-Geuzi.
[700]In this opinion we differ somewhat from Dr. Messerschmidt,Orientalistische Litteraturzeitung, Sept. 1909, pp. 378, 381, where he reviews the results of the excavations made by us at Sakje-Geuzi.
[701]SeeLiverpool Annals of Archæology, vol. i., No. 4, Pl.XLIII., and p. 112, etc.
[701]SeeLiverpool Annals of Archæology, vol. i., No. 4, Pl.XLIII., and p. 112, etc.