Chapter 15

102. State Papers, xciv., No. 57.

103. Ibid., 108.

104. State Papers, vol. lxii., No. 7. Dated May 7, 1627.

105. At the end of the session, Charles not only pardoned Mainwaring, but gave him a valuable living.

106. Brodie, p. 202. Hume’s “Charles I.”

107. Brodie, p. 170.

108. State Papers, Domestic, 1625.

109. Parallel between Essex and Buckingham--“Reliquiæ Wottonianæ.”

110. Wottonianæ Reliquiæ, p. 233.

111. Ibid.

112. Brodie.

113. Calendar, vol. xciv., No. 96.

114. Brodie--Hume.

115. Student.

116. Balfour’s Annals, MSS., Advocate’s Library, quoted from Brodie, vol. ii., p. 209.

117. The letter from Edmund Wyndham, of Kattisford, county Somerset, was addressed to Dr. Robert Plot, who wished to have the story correctly stated, in order to correct the false representations of William Lilly.

118. “Biographia Britannica,” Art. “Villiers,”Note.

119. See Appendix A.

120. The original letter was in possession of the late Mr. Upcott, by whom the author of this Memoir was presented with a fac-simile. It is, however, given in all the histories of this period.

121. Sir Philip Warwick’s Memoirs, p. 35.

122. See Brodie--Wotton--Hume.

123. Reliq. Wotton., p. 234.

124. It shows in what manner the Duchess was informed of her husband’s death.

125. Letters.

126. Lady Anglesea, the sister-in-law of Buckingham’s mother, being the wife of his brother, Christopher, Earl of Anglesea.

127. There is an hiatus here in the MS.

128. Domestic State Papers, August 27, 1628. No. 21.

129. Clarendon.

130. Expresses.

131. Majesty’s.

132. Domestic State Papers, Aug. 1628, No. 26.

133. Biog. Brit.

134. Domestic State Papers, August, 1628, No. 31.

135. Brodie.

136.EPITAPH ON THE LADY MARY VILLIERS.“The Lady Mary Villiers liesUnder this stone: with weeping eyesThe parents that first gave her breathAnd their sad friends laid her in earth.If any of them, reader, wereKnown unto thee, shed a tear;Or if thyself possess a gem,As dear to thee as this to them,Though a stranger to this place,Bewail in theirs thine own hard case:For thou perhaps at thy returnMay’st find thy darling in an urn.”ANOTHER.“The purest soul that e’er was sentInto a clayey tenementInformed this dust; but the weak mouldCould the great guest no longer hold:The substance was too pure--the flameToo glorious that thither came:Ten thousand Cupids brought alongA grace on each wing that did throngFor place there--till they all opprestThe seat on which they sought to rest.So the fair model broke for wantOf room to lodge th’ inhabitant.When in the brazen leaves of FameThe life, the death of BuckinghamShall be recorded, if truth’s handIncise the story o’er our land,Posterity shall see a fairStructure by the studious careOf two kings raised, that no lessTheir wisdom than their power express;By blinded zeal (whose doubtful lightMade murder’s scarlet robe seem white--Whose vain deluding phantoms charmedA clouded sullen soul, and arm’dA desperate hand, thirsty of blood)Torn from the fair earth where it stood!So the majestic fabric fell.His actions let our annals tell;We write no chronicle; this pileWears only sorrow’s face and style;Which e’en the envy that did waitUpon his flourishing estate,Turned to soft pity of his death,Now pays his hearse; but that cheap breathShall not blow here, nor th’ impure brinePuddle the streams that bathe this shrine.These are the pious obsequiesDropped from his chaste wife’s pregnant eyes,In frequent showers, and were aloneBy her congealing sighs made stone,On which the carver did bestowThese forms and characters of woe:So he the fashion only lent,Whilst she wept all this monument.”

136.

EPITAPH ON THE LADY MARY VILLIERS.

“The Lady Mary Villiers liesUnder this stone: with weeping eyesThe parents that first gave her breathAnd their sad friends laid her in earth.If any of them, reader, wereKnown unto thee, shed a tear;Or if thyself possess a gem,As dear to thee as this to them,Though a stranger to this place,Bewail in theirs thine own hard case:For thou perhaps at thy returnMay’st find thy darling in an urn.”ANOTHER.“The purest soul that e’er was sentInto a clayey tenementInformed this dust; but the weak mouldCould the great guest no longer hold:The substance was too pure--the flameToo glorious that thither came:Ten thousand Cupids brought alongA grace on each wing that did throngFor place there--till they all opprestThe seat on which they sought to rest.So the fair model broke for wantOf room to lodge th’ inhabitant.When in the brazen leaves of FameThe life, the death of BuckinghamShall be recorded, if truth’s handIncise the story o’er our land,Posterity shall see a fairStructure by the studious careOf two kings raised, that no lessTheir wisdom than their power express;By blinded zeal (whose doubtful lightMade murder’s scarlet robe seem white--Whose vain deluding phantoms charmedA clouded sullen soul, and arm’dA desperate hand, thirsty of blood)Torn from the fair earth where it stood!So the majestic fabric fell.His actions let our annals tell;We write no chronicle; this pileWears only sorrow’s face and style;Which e’en the envy that did waitUpon his flourishing estate,Turned to soft pity of his death,Now pays his hearse; but that cheap breathShall not blow here, nor th’ impure brinePuddle the streams that bathe this shrine.These are the pious obsequiesDropped from his chaste wife’s pregnant eyes,In frequent showers, and were aloneBy her congealing sighs made stone,On which the carver did bestowThese forms and characters of woe:So he the fashion only lent,Whilst she wept all this monument.”

“The Lady Mary Villiers lies

Under this stone: with weeping eyes

The parents that first gave her breath

And their sad friends laid her in earth.

If any of them, reader, were

Known unto thee, shed a tear;

Or if thyself possess a gem,

As dear to thee as this to them,

Though a stranger to this place,

Bewail in theirs thine own hard case:

For thou perhaps at thy return

May’st find thy darling in an urn.”

ANOTHER.

“The purest soul that e’er was sentInto a clayey tenementInformed this dust; but the weak mouldCould the great guest no longer hold:The substance was too pure--the flameToo glorious that thither came:Ten thousand Cupids brought alongA grace on each wing that did throngFor place there--till they all opprestThe seat on which they sought to rest.So the fair model broke for wantOf room to lodge th’ inhabitant.When in the brazen leaves of FameThe life, the death of BuckinghamShall be recorded, if truth’s handIncise the story o’er our land,Posterity shall see a fairStructure by the studious careOf two kings raised, that no lessTheir wisdom than their power express;By blinded zeal (whose doubtful lightMade murder’s scarlet robe seem white--Whose vain deluding phantoms charmedA clouded sullen soul, and arm’dA desperate hand, thirsty of blood)Torn from the fair earth where it stood!So the majestic fabric fell.His actions let our annals tell;We write no chronicle; this pileWears only sorrow’s face and style;Which e’en the envy that did waitUpon his flourishing estate,Turned to soft pity of his death,Now pays his hearse; but that cheap breathShall not blow here, nor th’ impure brinePuddle the streams that bathe this shrine.These are the pious obsequiesDropped from his chaste wife’s pregnant eyes,In frequent showers, and were aloneBy her congealing sighs made stone,On which the carver did bestowThese forms and characters of woe:So he the fashion only lent,Whilst she wept all this monument.”

“The purest soul that e’er was sent

Into a clayey tenement

Informed this dust; but the weak mould

Could the great guest no longer hold:

The substance was too pure--the flame

Too glorious that thither came:

Ten thousand Cupids brought along

A grace on each wing that did throng

For place there--till they all opprest

The seat on which they sought to rest.

So the fair model broke for want

Of room to lodge th’ inhabitant.

When in the brazen leaves of Fame

The life, the death of Buckingham

Shall be recorded, if truth’s hand

Incise the story o’er our land,

Posterity shall see a fair

Structure by the studious care

Of two kings raised, that no less

Their wisdom than their power express;

By blinded zeal (whose doubtful light

Made murder’s scarlet robe seem white--

Whose vain deluding phantoms charmed

A clouded sullen soul, and arm’d

A desperate hand, thirsty of blood)

Torn from the fair earth where it stood!

So the majestic fabric fell.

His actions let our annals tell;

We write no chronicle; this pile

Wears only sorrow’s face and style;

Which e’en the envy that did wait

Upon his flourishing estate,

Turned to soft pity of his death,

Now pays his hearse; but that cheap breath

Shall not blow here, nor th’ impure brine

Puddle the streams that bathe this shrine.

These are the pious obsequies

Dropped from his chaste wife’s pregnant eyes,

In frequent showers, and were alone

By her congealing sighs made stone,

On which the carver did bestow

These forms and characters of woe:

So he the fashion only lent,

Whilst she wept all this monument.”

137. "My Lord,--I was in hope, till very lately, that all your displeasure taken against my lord had been past; but, in letters sent me out of England, I was assuredly informed your lordship was much disgusted still with him, which news hath very much troubled me. I cannot be satisfied without sending these expressly to you. And I beseech you that, whatever you do conceive, you will deal clearly with me, and let me know it, and withal direct me how I may remove it. I must necessarily be included in your lordship’s anger to him, for any misfortune to my lord must be mine, and it will prove a great misfortune to me to live under your frowns. Out of your goodness you will not, I hope, make me a sufferer, who have never deserved from you but as“Your Lordship’s“Katharine Buckingham.“Dunbere, this 2nd of September, 1639.”[138]

“Your Lordship’s“Katharine Buckingham.

“Your Lordship’s

“Katharine Buckingham.

“Dunbere, this 2nd of September, 1639.”[138]

138. Strafford Letters, vol. ii., p. 386.

139. Burke’s Extinct Peerage.

140. "In the Earl of Cork’s chapel at Youghal, where he was buried, there still remains the following hexastich to his memory:--“Munster may curse the time that Villiers cameTo make us worse, by leaving such a nameOf noble parts as none can imitate,But those whose hearts are married to the State;But if they press to imitate his fame,Munster may bless the time that Villiers came.”Biographia Britannica, vol. vi.

140. "In the Earl of Cork’s chapel at Youghal, where he was buried, there still remains the following hexastich to his memory:--

“Munster may curse the time that Villiers cameTo make us worse, by leaving such a nameOf noble parts as none can imitate,But those whose hearts are married to the State;But if they press to imitate his fame,Munster may bless the time that Villiers came.”Biographia Britannica, vol. vi.

“Munster may curse the time that Villiers came

To make us worse, by leaving such a name

Of noble parts as none can imitate,

But those whose hearts are married to the State;

But if they press to imitate his fame,

Munster may bless the time that Villiers came.”

Biographia Britannica, vol. vi.

141. Burke’s Extinct Peerage.

142. Dr. Waagen--Life of Velasquez, p. 48.

143. From the name of his country-seat.

144. The infant Cardinal, the conqueror of Nordlingen, died in 1641.

145. Waagen, p. 62. From "Voyage en Espagne"--Cologne, 1662.

146. Waagen; Life of Velasquez, p. 82.

147. State Papers: Calendar, by Mr. Bruce.

148. Waagen.

149. Perichief.

150. Walpole, p. 183, vol. v.

151. Clarendon’s History of the Rebellion.

152. Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painters; Art. “Charles I.”

153. In the work styled “Art and Artists,” by Dr. Waagen, there is a full and most interesting account of all Charles’s collection.

154. Note in Walpole, p. 189, vol. iii.

155. Walpole, p. 192.

156. Dr. Waagen says they were sequestrated; but it appears only a portion of them were sold by the Parliament--the rest fell into the hands of the second Duke of Buckingham.

157. Biographia, Art. “George Villiers,” the second note.

158. See Biographia Britannica.

159. Walpole.

160. Dr. Waagen says that some of the Duke’s pictures were not genuine, and many of little worth; but this is not the opinion of Horace Walpole.

161. Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting, vol. iii., p. 297--from the Journals of the House of Commons.

162. Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting, vol. iii., p. 200.

163. Ibid., p. 204.

164. Dr. Waagen.

165. Dr. Waagen.

166. Walpole, p. 188.

167. Walpole, p. 203.

168. Walpole, p. 270.

169. Walpole, p. 151, 152.

170. Walpole, p. 206. Note. From Peacham’s “Complete Gentleman.”

171. The fate of the Arundelian marbles is stated by Walpole to have been as follows:--They came into the elder branch of the family, the Dukes of Norfolk, and were sold by the Duchess, who was divorced in the time of George II., to the Earl of Pomfret for 300l.The Countess of Pomfret, great-grandmother to the present Earl, gave them to the University

172. Walpole.

173. Biograph. Brit., Art. “Villiers.” Note.

174. Walpole, p. 149,passim.

175. Walpole, p. 166.

176. There were five dials at Whitehall; a Mr. Gunter drew the lines, and wrote a pamphlet on the use of them, in 1624. “One, too,” says Horace Walpole, “may still be extant.” Vertue saw them at Buckingham House, from whence they were sold.

177. Note in Hartley Coleridge’s Introduction to Massinger’s Plays, p. 32.

178. Hartley Coleridge, p. 9.

179. Massinger’s Works, edited by Hartley Coleridge, p. 74.

180. Joanna, Lady Abergavenny, Mary Arundel, Catherine Grey, Mary Duchess of Norfolk. See “Royal and Noble Authors.”

181. Horace Walpole’s “Royal and Noble Authors,” vol. ii., p. 308.

182. No. 7.

183. Ibid.

184. Note in Parke’s edition of “Royal and Noble Authors.”

185. Hartley Coleridge.

186. This letter was discovered by Malone, in Dulwich College. There is no date on it, but Mr. Payne Collier dates it in 1614, eight years before the publication of the “Virgin Martyr.”

187. Introduction to Massinger’s Works, p. xxxiii.

188. Introduction to Massinger’s Works, p. xxxv.

189. Introduction to Massinger’s Works, p. xiv; from Dr. Farmer’s “Essay on the Learning of Shakspeare.”

190. Introduction to Massinger’s Works, p. xxxvii.

191. Massinger’s Works, p. 167; in his Dedication of “The Great Duke of Florence” to Sir Robert Wiseman.

192. Hartley Coleridge’s “Introduction,” p. xxv.

193. The play was acted, but not printed, and has never been discovered.--See Coleridge, from Malone.

194. Cunningham’s “London.”

195. See “Maid’s Tragedy.”

196. “The Guardian.” See Massinger’s Works, p. 351.

197. From the State Papers, a new volume of which has lately been published, it appears that Jonson was accused of writing certain lines on Buckingham’s assassination.--See Appendix.

198. Gifford’s “Life of Ben Jonson,” p. 2; from Anthony Wood.

199. Cunningham’s London.

200. Ben Johnson’s Works, p. i.

201. Gifford, from the Duchess of Newcastle’s Letters.

202. From the First Part of “Jeronymo,” a popular play.

203. Massinger’s Works, p. 200.

204. Gifford, p. 7, note.

205. Rowe’s “Life of Shakspeare,” p. xxxiii.

206. Gifford, p. 2.

207. Pope’s “Essay on Shakespere,” prefixed to the Oxford edition, p. xix., 1745.

208. Introduction to Massinger’s Works, p. xxxiv.

209. Page xxxvi.

210. Gifford, p. 23. See note by Mr. Dyce, p. 23.

211. Introduction to Massinger, p. xv.

212. “Lines on Shakespere,” p. 552; Ben Jonson’s Works.

213. In 1615. Shakspeare died in 1616.

214. Hartley Coleridge’s “Life of Massinger.”

215. Gifford’s “Life of BenJonsonJonson,” p. 59.

216. “Royal and Noble Authors,” vol. ii., p. 268.

217. “Life of Ben Jonson,” p. 63.

218. Ibid., p. 67.

219. Gifford’s “Ben Jonson,” p. 37.

220. In Laing’s Preface to notes of Ben Jonson’s Conversation.

221. Note by Dyce; Gifford, p. 38.

222. Life, p. 49.

223. This was communicated to Gifford by the late Mr. D’Israeli, to whom historical literature owes indeed much.

224. Grainger, Biog. Hist., vol. i., p. 194.

225. Gifford, p. 48.

226. Gifford, p. 49.

227. With a gentler feeling, Charles Lamb made numerous extracts from “The New Inn,” to show that the mind that produced the “Fox” was still there.--Ibid.

228. Gifford, p. 48.

229. Gifford.

230. For some particulars of Sir John Beaumont, see Appendix.

231. Burton’s “Anatomy of Melancholy,” vol i., p. 235.

232. Stowe’s “Annals.”

233. Gull’s “Horn-book,” pp. 119, 120.

234. Henry IV.

235. Hartley Coleridge.

236. Ibid--Note.

237. Hartley Coleridge.

238. See Cunningham’s “London,” Art. “Whitehall,” from Dugdale’s “Troubles in England.”

239. See Cunningham, vol. i., p. 311. The Author cannot avoid expressing obligations to this excellent work.

240. Otherwise Bougton Place (or Palace). See Izaak Walton’s “Life of Sir H. Wotton.”

241. Ferdinand I., of the House of Medici, who, in 1589, succeeded his brother Francis.

242. Collected and edited by Izaak Walton, in 1672.

243. Cowley was born in 1618.

244. He was born in 1608, and was only seventeen when he began the study of the law under his uncle, Sir Nicholas Hyde.

245. State Papers, vol. cxiv., No. 17; August 27, 1627. Calendar, edited by Mr. Bruce.

246.“Historia et vitae et regni Ricardi II.,”p. 104, by Mr. T. Hearne, who tells us the letter is said to have once belonged to Archbishop Sancroft, and observes it is the only intrigue he had ever heard this Prince was concerned in.

Transcriber’s NoteThere are several anomolies in the footnoting. Footnotes were numbered from 1 to 99, and then the sequence was repeated, starting with ‘1’. There are also a number notes which are denoted only with a traditional asterisk, etc. There is no apparent reason for the dual system. There is one instance, on p.130, where a numbered footnote (138) is to be found referenced in a note (137) indicated with an asterisk. For this text, all footnotes have been re-sequenced numerically across the whole volume, to assure uniqueness.At the bottom of p.25, the letter opening ‘My dere Lord’ is prefixed by an apparent footnote anchor, for which there is no matching note. This has been deemed a stray printer’s mark and removed.On p.284, the paragraph ending ‘bonds with another man.’ was printed with, in the original, a footnote anchor ‘1’, but there is no matching footnote. The ‘1’ anchor is repeated on the following page, with the expected note. The anomolous anchor has been removed.Given the frequent quotations, it was inevitable that opening and closing quotation marks would sometimes be lost or misplaced. A sampling of these problematic passages reveals that the author has a tendency to paraphrase and otherwise misquote. They are placed here where the context or voice makes their position obvious, or where an inspection of the original sources was possible and allowed for the proper placement.29.18to himself and all good men.[”]Added.29.20[“]Sir George Goring, writingRemoved.32.2than with his victuals.[”]Added.45.5which were by the Duke so freely forgiven,[”]Added.59.2[“]and then, when should they be paid?”Added.60.17were now content to forget him.[’]”Added.80.13on any minister of start[.]Added.87.15says Lord Clarend[e/o]nReplaced.87.18for the pardon of his errors;[”]Added.87.21even Lord Clarend[e/o]n observesReplaced.92.13apparently cau[ /s]eless melancholyRestored.114.2looking down into y[e] hallAdded.118.25his end was upon Satterdau morning[.]Added.217.15in which Shak[s/e]speare had a shareReplaced.238.8“authorizing Thomas Gyles,[”]Added.240.22to have first drank of it herself[.]Added.244.215.1Jo[u/n]son,” p. 59.Replaced.259.20sent [to ]request a transcriptRestored.326.21Letter from Sir Francis Netherso[t/l]eReplaced.

Transcriber’s Note

There are several anomolies in the footnoting. Footnotes were numbered from 1 to 99, and then the sequence was repeated, starting with ‘1’. There are also a number notes which are denoted only with a traditional asterisk, etc. There is no apparent reason for the dual system. There is one instance, on p.130, where a numbered footnote (138) is to be found referenced in a note (137) indicated with an asterisk. For this text, all footnotes have been re-sequenced numerically across the whole volume, to assure uniqueness.

At the bottom of p.25, the letter opening ‘My dere Lord’ is prefixed by an apparent footnote anchor, for which there is no matching note. This has been deemed a stray printer’s mark and removed.

On p.284, the paragraph ending ‘bonds with another man.’ was printed with, in the original, a footnote anchor ‘1’, but there is no matching footnote. The ‘1’ anchor is repeated on the following page, with the expected note. The anomolous anchor has been removed.

Given the frequent quotations, it was inevitable that opening and closing quotation marks would sometimes be lost or misplaced. A sampling of these problematic passages reveals that the author has a tendency to paraphrase and otherwise misquote. They are placed here where the context or voice makes their position obvious, or where an inspection of the original sources was possible and allowed for the proper placement.

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