Miri.
Dialect ofAssamese, closely allied toAbor. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”SeeSibsagan.
Miriam.
Negritic: collective term for insular dialects ofPapuan, belonging to the Torres Straits.
Mirups.
Burmese: dialect of Singpo.
Mishimi.
Indo-Chinese: dialect of Assam. “Jnl. Asiat. Socy. of Bengal,” 1837.
Misnian.
Teutonic: oldHigh-Germanof Meissen, Saxony, but best known by the later modern orNew High-German, found in the writings of Martin Luther.SeeLutheran.
Missions,underSan.
Misskito,seeMosquito.
Misteco,seeMixe.
Mithan.
Assamese: dialect of the Naga tribes, allied toTablung. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”
Mithili.
Bengali: vernacular in Behar, Hindostan. It is allied toMagadha, and sometimes calledTirhutya.
Mitlantongo.
American: dialect ofMisteco.
Mittel,seeMiddle.
Mixe,Mixteca.
American: tribes of Oaxaca in Mexico, speaking several dialects. See “Catechismo,” Puebla, 1837.
Miyung.
Burmese: dialect ofSingpho.
Mizdzhedzhi.
Caucasian: Klaproth’s name for the central group of languages which the Russians callTshetshorChech. Various spellings areMitsjeghi,Mizjeji,Mizdeghic.
Mjammaw.
Native name forBurmese. It is a mutation of M into B.
Mkuafi,seeUkuafi.
Moa.
Negritic: sub-dialect ofPapuan, belonging to the Letti group of the Serwatty Islands. Vocaby. by Heymering: “Tydschrift voor Ned. Ind.,” 1846.P. J. V.
Moab,Moabite.
Name for a supposed variety ofHEBREW; pre-historic dialect of Wady Mujib, the valley of the river Arnon. Known only by the fragments of an inscription brought from ancient Dibon, now Dîbhan, with characters resembling those of thePhœnicianalphabet. Treatise by Dr. Ginsburg, London, 1870.
Moan,seeMon.
Mobba,Maba,Mabang.
African: dialect of Dar-Saleh, E. of Lake Tschad. See Burckhardt’s “Travels in Nubia,” London, 1819.
Mobilian.
American: name for theChikkasaof the R. Mobile, spoken in Alabama and Arkansas.
Mobima,seeMovima.
Mochika,seeYunga.
Mochono,Muchojeone,Mocorosi.
American: Indians of Moxos in Bolivia, allied toMaipur.
Modenese.
Romance: sub-dialect ofItalian.
ModocorMoadoc.
American: small tribe of warlike Indians at Lake Clamet or Klamath, on the boundaries of California and Oregon.SeeOk-kow-ish.
Mœso-Gothic.
Teutonic: theGothicof ancient Mœsia. See Gabelentz and Löbe: “Ulphilas,” Leipsic, 1836-1843; also Skeat’s “Mœso-Gothic Glossary” (Phil. Soc. 1868), in the preface to which is a list of all the editions of “Ulphilas” and an account of all MSS. written in Mœso-Gothic, the most famous of the MSS. being the “Codex Argenteus” at Upsal.
⁂ Prof. Max Müller thinks that the era of Ulphilas should be stated as 311-381A.D.The Mœso-Gothic isLow-German, and varies widely in spelling from high-German. This important fact is often passed over in the text-books, which copy from each other.W. W. S.SeeSuio-Gothic.
Moghol,seeMongol.
Moghril-el-Aksa,seeMongrebin.
Mogialua.
African: Douville’s class name forBundaandKongo. See “Voyage au Congo,” Paris, 1832.
Mohave.
American: dialect of U. California, belonging to theYumaclass.
Mohawk.
American: same as Maqua, a dialect ofIroquoisformerly spoken on the R. Mohawk, a tributary of the Hudson, and still spoken to the E. of N. York State; but these tribes are principally settled in Canada. Schoolcraft’s “Indian Tribes,” vol. ii., p. 482.
Mohegan,Mohican.
American: tribes ofAlgonkinformerly settled on the Hudson, sometimes calledPequots. Sub-divisions wereMech-chaooh, or “Wolf-tribe;” “Much-quanh”, or “Bear-tribe;” andToon-paooh, or “Turtle-tribe.” Vocaby. “Amer. Ethnol.,” vol. ii., p. 110.
Mohilian.
Dialect of the Commorro Is., E. Africa, classed asKaffir.H. C.
Moitay.
Indian tribe on boundaries of Assam and Bengal; also calledMeckleyandMuggalu.
MokoorMokko.
African: dialect ofBenniorBini.
Mokoby,seeMbokobi.
Mokorosi,seeMochono.
Mokscha,Mokschanischen.
Ugrian: dialects of Orenburg, allied toMordvinianandTcheremiss, both classed as sub-dialects ofMordowskaja. Grammar by Ornatow, Moskwa, 1838 (Moscow).
Moldavian.
Romance: dialect ofRouman, closely allied toWallachian.
Molonglo.
Australian: See Eyre’s “Journals”, London, 1845.
Molua.
African: tribes of Guinea.SeeMogialua.
Moluccas.
Malayan: languages of the Spice Islands in the Malay Archipelago.
Moluche.
American: name forAraucanians. It means “men of the West.” Indians of Chili.
⁂ In Chileno ethnography the terminal “che” is important: it means “man”; so the compounds Moluche, Puelche, Huilliche, &c., are all Chileno names.R. G. L.
Momenya.
African: sub-dialect ofKaffir.
Momoyeentshi.
African: assigned by Barth to theHamarua.
Mon.
Indo-Chinese: dialect ofPegu, same asTalain. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”
Mong-Jung.
Indo-Chinese: tribes of Laos, speaking a dialect ofSiamese.
MongolorMongolian.
CorrectlyMoghol, the typical dialect of a large family of Turanian languages, allied toMantshuandTurkee; it is spoken in Central Asia, and written in perpendicular lines, reading from left to right. An old form of character is calledBaspa-Moghol, and a modern variation is known asGalik. Dicty. (1855), Grammar (1831), by Schmidt, St. Petersburg.SeeKalmuk.
Mongoyo.
American: a sub-division ofCamacanspoken in the province of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, classed asBotocudo.SeeKamakan.
Mongrebin,Mogrebin.
Semitic: a dialect ofArabicspoken in Africa; it is the vernacular speech of the Moors (anciently of Mauritania) and vernacular in Algiers, Barbary, and Marocco. It is calledMoorishorMoghrib-el-Aksa. Grammar and Vocaby. by De Dombay, Vienne, 1800; see also “Asiatic Jl.,” 1828.
Monogram.
Single letter, one letter duplicated, any combination of initials into one device; a single character used for an entire word, as the Arabic numerals.
Monosyllabic.
A name for certain primitive forms of speech, includingChinese, wherein each letter or character represents an entire word, and polysyllables are recognised by the speaker as compounds. In such languages “roots are used as words, without change of form.” Also calledIsolating.
Monqui.
American: Hervas’ name for theWaikur.
Monsonik.
American: dialect ofCree.
Montagnards.
American: French name for theSheshatapoosh.
Montak,Montauk.
American: Indians of Long Is. “Arch. Amer.,” vol. ii.
Monte-Negro.
Slavonic: sub-dialect ofServian.
Montese.
Romance: sub-dialect ofWalloon. See Sigart: “Glossaire Etymologique.”
Moor(1).
Papuan: dialect of Moor or Mohr, an island in Geelvink Bay, on the north of N. Guinea.
Moor(2) orMoorish,seeMongrebin.
Moormi,Murmi.
Tribe of E. and Central Nipal, closely allied toGyarung. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”A. C.
Moors.
Hindostani: a jargon or corrupt dialect ofBombayandCalcutta, much compounded withEnglishandPortuguese.
Moorunde.
Australian: same asAiawong. Eyre’s “Journals,” London, 1845.
Moquelumne.
American: allied toTalatui.
Moravian.
Slavonic: same asMahren, sub-dialect ofCheckorBohemian.
Mordowskaja.
Ugrian: dialect of Orenburg.SeeMokscha.
Mordvinian.
Ugrian: dialect ofFinnish, spoken near the confluence of the Russian rivers Oka and Volga. Sub-dialects areErsaandMokscha. Tribes anciently called Bulghars. Grammar by Wiedemann, St. Petersburg, 1865.
Morella.
Batu-Morella: dialect of Amboyna, closely allied toLiang. Wallace: “Malay A.”SeeBatu-Merah.
Moreton.
Australian: dialect of Moreton I. and Bay.
Morocco,Marocco.
Arabicof N. Africa; same asMoorish. Norberg: “Disputatio, &c.,” 1787.SeeMongrebin.
Morotoco.
American: sub-dialect ofZamuca.
Morphology.
Botanical term: adopted in philology in relation to the general laws or grammatical structure of a language.
Mose,Mosi.
African: dialect ofKouri, allied toGuresaandBarba.H. C.
Mosel.
Teutonic: sub-dialect ofHigh-German. Becker’s “Idiotikon,” Berlin, 1799.
Moses Islands.
Polynesian. Vocaby. in Dalrymple’s Collection, London, 1771.
Moska,Mozka.
American: same asChibcha. Grammar by De Lugo, Madrid, 1619; Comparative Vocabularies by Paravey, Paris, 1835. Grammar and Vocaby. by Uricoechea, Paris, 1871.
Moskito,Mosquito.
American: same asMiskito; Samboes or mixed tribes of the Moskito coast, Central America, largely infused with African blood. Grammar by Cotheal, N. York, 1848.
Mosotie.
American: sub-dialect ofMoxa.
Mossa,seeMoxa.
Motorian.
Ugrian: an extinct dialect ofSamoyed, closely allied toKoibal, and classed asOstiakof the Lakes.
Moultani.
Dialect ofSindhi, spoken in the Punjab. Also calledWuch.
Mountaineers.
American: name of theSheshatapoosh.
MovimaorMobima.
American: dialect of the Moxos missions, related toApiaca,Sapiboconi, andGuarani.H. C.
Moxa,Moxos.
American: Indians of province and mission of Moxos in Bolivia. All are dialects ofMaipur. “Arte,” by Marban, Lima, 1701.
Mozaby.
African:i.e.,Beni-Mozah, sub-dialect ofTouarik.
Mozambique.
African: large class ofKaffirdialects belonging to the E. Coast. Vocabularies by Dr. Bleek, London, 1856.
Mozka,seeMoska.
Mpongwe(Empungwa).
African: sub-dialect ofKaffirspoken on the lower Gaboon. It is spoken by the Pongos, and is classed by Bleek asBantu. Grammar, with vocabularies, N. York, 1847.
Mramma.
Name for theBurmese.SeeMjammaw.
Mru,Mrung.
Burmeseof Arrakan; also calledToung. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”
Msambara.
African: dialect ofKaffir.
Msegua.
African:Kaffirtribes of Suaheli.
Much-quanh.
American: Bear-tribe ofMohicans.
Mucury.
American: tribe of Brasil, allied toBotocudo. See Da Silva’s Dicty.: “Lingua. Geral.”
Mudsan.
African:Kaffirof the Mozambique.
Mug,Mugs.
Names for the natives and dialect of Arracan and Chattagong, who are probably Malays.A. C.
Muggalu,seeMoitay.
Muhheekanew,seeMohican.
Mukabi,seeUkuafi.
Mulatto.
Ethnological: issue of white and African.
Mundala.
Non-Aryan dialect of Central India, classed asKol. Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”
Mundrucu.
American: sub-dialect ofGuarani, tribes of utter barbarians, allied toBotocudo.H. C.
Mundy.
Australian: natives at Lake Mundy. Eyre’s “Journals,” London, 1845.
Munich,seeXebero.
Munio.
African: dialect ofBornui, allied toKanuriandNgurio.H. C.
Munipoori,Munipuri.
Monosyllabic; dialect of Assam, closely allied toKhassee, and classed as Indo-Chinese. These people are called Kathe, no doubt the same word as Cathay, anciently applied to China. See Vocaby. in Hunter’s “Comp. Dicty.”
Munseyi,underMinsi.
Mura.
American: dialect of the Amazons, classed by Von Martius as Brasilian.
Murathee,seeMahratti.
Murmi,underMoormi.
Murray R.
District S.W. Australia. Vocaby. Cap. Grey, 1841.
Murrumbidgee.
Australian: dialect of Hume R. Vocaby. in Eyre’s “Journals,” London, 1845.
Murundo.
African: dialect of the Gaboon, allied toNkele, &c.H. C.
Murung.
Sub-dialect ofDyakin Borneo.
Musentando.
African: sub-dialect ofKaffir, allied toMbamba,Kanyika,Ntere, &c.H. C.
Musgantshi.
African: assigned by Barth to Hamarua.
Muskoghi,Muskogulge.
American: native name of the Creek Indians. See Schoolcraft’s “Indian Tribes,” vol. iv. p. 416; “Amer. Ethnol.,” vol. ii., p. 82. ☞
Musnad.
Semitic: form ofHimyariticinscriptions.
Mutsaya.
African: sub-dialect ofKaffir, with the same affinities asMusentando.
Mutschuana.
African: Salt’s name for tribe of Sechuana.
Mutsun.
American: same as Mission of San Juan Bautista, County Monterey, Upper California. Vocaby. by Cuesta, London, 1862.
Muysca,seeMoska.
Myncquesar.
American: a dialect ofAlgonkin, spoken on R. Delaware, formerly known as Swedish America or New Sweden. See Holms: “Kort Beskrifning,” &c., English ed. by Duponceau, Philadelphia, 1834.SeeSankikani.
Mysol.
Malayan: dialect of N. Ceram. Wallace: “Malay A.”
⁂ Mysol is an island north of Ceram, belonging to the Waigiou-Mysol Archipelago, and inhabited by true Papuans, who on the coast are mixed with Moluccan Malays. Hence there is a difference of language between the coast and the interior. Mr. Wallace has given a vocabulary of both.