Jackson,underPort.
Jaconaiga,Jakonaiga.
American: a tribe ofAripones.
Jactung.
A dialect ofAssamese.
JagataicorCagataic.
Alatyan: a dialect ofE. Turkishspoken in Bokharia. It is a written language with a literature. See Vambery: “Cagataische Sprachstudien,” Leipsig, 1867.
JagonorJakon.
American: dialect ofLower Killamuks, spoken on the frontier of Oregon and U. California. Hale: “U. S. Expedition,” Philadelphia, 1846.SeeNsietshawus.
Jagy.
A dialect ofAlbanian.
Jahyco.
American: shore tribes of Brazil.
⁂ These people are theGe,Ges, orGeiko, the tribal name being post-fixed as in Ao-ge, Cran-ge, Canacata-ge, Poncata-ge, Paykob-ge. See V. Spix and V. Martius: “Reise in Brasilien,” Munich, 1823-31.
Jajuorong.
A native dialect ofAustralian. Eyre’s “Journals,” London, 1845.
Jakon,underJagon.
Jakun.
Malayan: dialect of the S. Peninsula of Malacca.
Jakut,Jakuti,orYakut.
Alatyan: dialect of the parts between Lake Baikal and the Arctic Sea, which nearly coincides with the Russian Government ofJakutsk(Irkutsk). Boehtlingk: “Ueber die Sprache der Jakuten,” St. Petersburg, 1851.SeeYak.
Jallonka.
African: a dialect ofMandingo, allied toFantee.
Jalloof.
African: a branch ofMandingo, much mingled with French and Arabic; it is spoken by a numerous people between the R. Gambia and Senegal on the W. coast. Called alsoGuiloffs,Jolofs,Oualoofs, andWoloffs. Clarke: “Dialects of Africa,” p. 6.
Jamaica,seeW. Indies.
Jan.
A dialect ofMalay.SeeSamang.
Jaoi,Jaoia.
American:Caribof Trinidad; it is closely allied toTamanak. See De Laet: “Orbis Novus,” &c., Leiden, 1633.
Japanese.
Polysyllabic: the vernacular tongue of Nipon, Jesso, and the Kurile Is.; in its root words it is allied to theMogholfamily, but its written characters are derived fromChinese; it has a syllabic alphabet, containing vowels and consonants in one sign, and is written in vertical columns from top to bottom. The language has no gender or article, but many pronouns, and the designations applied to various objects frequently change with the sex of the speaker. Dicty. by Hepburn, 1867; Grammar, 1861; “Dialogues,” by Alcock, 1863; “Anthologie,” by Rosny, Paris, 1871.SeeLoo-Choo.
Japhetan.
A name for theAryanorIndo-Europeanfamily of languages.
Jargon.
(1) French word forGibberish.
(2)American: a mixedpatoisof L. Columbia and Vancouver’s I., combined chiefly of French, English, Chihaile, Nutka, and Chinuk, the last greatly preponderating. It is the trade language of Oregon, also called “Tshinuk-jargon.” Vocabularies in Hale: “Amer. Expedition”; Schoolcraft: “Indian Tribes.”SeeMeniengandMoors.
Javanese.
Malayan: the language of the greater part of Java. In the Western districts of the island the Sundanese language is spoken, though Javanese has been partly introduced into Bantam and Cheribon, probably by its being the language of the court in these otherwise Sandanese provinces. In the eastern districts of Java the Madurese prevails. Javanese is written with a peculiar native alphabet, derived and simplified from the Devanagari. Dicty. by Gericke and Roorda, Amsterdam, 1847-62; Grammar by Roorda, Amsterdam, 1855.P. J. V.SeeKawi. ☞
Javita.
American: a dialect ofBaniwa. Wallace: “Travels on the Amazon,” London, 1853.SeeIsanna.
Jazyges.
A people anciently settled in the tract between the Danube and the Theiss; it means “Bowmen”: aMagyarword.
Jebu.
African: a dialect ofYoruba, spoken on the Atlantic coast at the outlet of the R. Formosa.
Jecorilla,Jicorilla.
American: a dialect ofAthabascan, allied toNavaho.
Jelliba,underDzhellaba.
Jervis Bay.
A district of Australia. See “Voyage de l’Astrolabe,” Paris, 1834.
Jesso.
Kurilian: dialect of Aino. See Broughton: “Voyage N. Pacific,” London, 1804.
⁂ There is also a jargon of Japanese and Aino employed for inter-communication.H. C.
Jewey,Jewish,orJudæan.
Names for modernHebrew, as spoken by Jews in combination with many local idioms. ☞
Jhongworong.
A native dialect ofAustralian, closely allied toGnurellean. See Eyre: “Journals,” London, 1845.
Jili.
A dialect ofAssamese, allied toSingpo.
Jiliake.
A dialect ofMantschu; the same asGiliak. It is the Chinese name for the Koreans.
Jitano.
A name forGipsey.SeeGitano.
Joboca.
A dialect ofAssamese, allied toNamsang.
Joliba,seeDzhellaba.
Jolof,seeJalloof.
Jooroo,Juru.
Malayan: sub-dialect of Malacca.SeeSamang.
Jower.
Papuan: a dialect of N. Guinea, allied toSeroci.
Juda.
African: dialect of Upper Guinea. “Grammaire abrégée” in “Des Marchais. Voyage,” Paris, 1730.
Judæo-Arabic.
Name forArabicwritten in characters of Square Hebrew.
Judah,seeHebrew.
Juden-Deutsch.
Name forGermanwritten in Hebrew, Square, Rabbinic, or current-hand. Stern: Lex., Munich, 1833; “Heb.-Deutsche Druck- und Current-schrift,” Prague, 1817.
Jugaghir.
Ugrian: a dialect ofFin. It is the same asDzukaghin.
Juiadge.
American: calledLenguasby the Spaniards. See “L’Homme Américaine,” vol. ii.
Jumboo,JamooorJumoo.
Dialect ofPunjabi.SeeDogura.
Jupuroca.
American: a dialect of theBotocudo. Da Silva: Dicc. in Castelnau: “Exped.,” vol v., p. 249.
Juri,Juris,Yuris.
American: belonging to the R. Negro; an allied dialect is theUainambeu. See Wallace: “Amazons,” &c., 1853.
Juriba,seeYoruba.
Juripixunha.
American: name for the Bocaprietos or Blackmouth Indians. Same as theJuri. It is vernacular in Brasil.
Juru.
Same asJooroo.SeeSamang.
Jutish.
Teutonic: an extinct dialect, allied toOld Friesic,Anglo-S., &c.
Jutlandish.
Scandinavian: a sub-dialect ofDanish.
Juyapoora(JayapooriorJeyapoori).
Indic: a dialect ofHindi, spoken at Jyanagur or Jeypoor, a province of Rajpootana, N.W. India. The dynasty of Jeypoor is next to Oodeypoor in antiquity.