GLOSSARY
Editorial Note.The Indian words and definitions given in this glossary have been carefully checked by a scholar of national reputation, who has studied the Shoshone language. He has pronounced the words as nearly correct as one can represent in our symbols these differing dialects of the Indian tribes. It has been the effort of the editor to be accurate, but it is difficult to give exactly the sounds of the Indian language.
Angitapa(Ăn′gi-tạ-pä′). Name applied by Shoshone Indians to Rock Creek, Idaho.
Antelope(ăn′tḗ-lōp). Animal akin to the deer, a native of the Western plains and open mountain valleys. Commonly called pronghorns. The North American pronghorn is not a true antelope.
Balzamoriza(bäl′zạ-mō-rī-zạ). A species of plant with showy yellow blossoms, and velvety leaves, belonging to sunflower family. Commonly known as “spring sunflower.” The seeds were used by Indians for food. It grows about one foot high.
Bannocks(Băn′nŏcks or Pä′no͝oks). Tribe of western Indians allied to Shoshones. Dr. Robert Lowie, of the American Museum of Natural History, gives the nameBanaiteas the one he found applied by the Lemhi Indians to the Bannocks.
Chaps(from Spanish-American chaparajos). Leather or sheepskin leggings worn by cowboys to protect their legs from thorny bushes while riding.
Chief Joseph.Leader of Nez Percé Indians during sixties and seventies, who with Chief Looking-Glass and others led his tribe in a revolt against the United States, and afterwards fled with his people towards Canada, but was overtaken by soldiers under General Miles, captured, and held in this country.
Coyote(kī-ō′te). Animal of the wolf family, a native of Western plains. Picturesquely described by Mark Twain in hisRoughing It.
Echo Canyon.A canyon about twenty miles in length, leading from southwestern Wyoming westward into Utah. Through this canyon ran the pony express and overland trail. The canyon is so named because of the clear echoes made by its red sandstone cliffs.
Fort Hall.The first Fort Hall was a fur-trading post on the Snake River, about fifteen miles to the north of Pocatello. The second Fort Hall was a military post about fifteen miles to the east of original site. The third and present Fort Hall is on Ross’s Fork, about ten miles northeast of Pocatello on Oregon Short-line. Now it is the headquarters of the Indian Agency of that name.
Gosiutes(Gō′shūtes). Name given to scattered bands of Indians living in the deserts of western Utah and eastern Nevada. “Go” in this Indian dialect is said to mean desert or waste place; henceGosiuteswould mean desert Utes.
Hanabi(Hăn′a-bi). Washakie’s wife.
Hogitsi(Hŏg′ĭt-sḗ). Name of Indian who trapped with Uncle Nick.
Jackson’s Hole.One of the splendid valleys in western Wyoming, lying between the Continental divide and the Teton Mountains. It was named after Jackson, an old mountaineer, who made this his rendezvous while trapping and hunting.
Koheets(Kō′heets). Indian name for the curlew (cûr′lew), a Western bird of the plover family. Name given by Indians also to a stream in southern Idaho.
Lemhi(Lĕm′hī). Name given to tribe of Indians and to an early fort or settlement in central eastern Idaho, near the Salmon River. Indian reservation there was abandoned in 1907.
“Lumpy Dick.” A kind of porridge, made by boiling moistened flour in milk. Used in early days by Western pioneers.
Morogonai(Mōr′ō-gō′ni). An old arrow maker and a retired chief of the Shoshones when Uncle Nick lived among them.
Pantsuk(Pănt′so͝ok). Name of Uncle Nick’s little Indian brother.
Parowan(Pâr′ō-wăn). Name applied to tribe of Indians in southern Utah. Also name given to first settlement made in the same part of that state.
Piatapa(Pe′ät-ạ-pä). Name given by Shoshones to Jefferson River, Montana.
Pinto(pĭn′tō). Painted, mottled, or vari-colored. Many of the Indian ponies were pinto ponies. (See pictures on pages11and54.)
Piubi(Pe′ūb-e). Name of one of Washakie’s brothers who was killed by snowslide.
Piupa(Pe′ū-pä). Name given to Snake River by Shoshones. Means “Big Water.”
Pocatello(Pō′cạ-tĕl′lō). Name of one of leading chieftains of Shoshones. He did not agree with Washakie in the pacific policy followed by the latter chief. Pocatello protested and fought against the encroachment of the whites. Pocatello, Idaho, was named after this chief.
Quaking aspen.A tree common in the mountains of the West. Named because its leaves are ever trembling. Its bark is white; the tree grows sometimes fifty to sixty feet in height. Its wood is for fuel.
Rawhide.Untanned skin of animals. Strips of this skin were often used in place of ropes and strings by the Indians and pioneers of the West
Sagwich(Săg′wich). A chieftain of Pocatello’s band.
Sego(se′gō). A plant of lily family common throughout the mountains and valleys of the West. It grows from a small onion-like bulb, generally found about eight inches in the ground. This bulb was used by the Indians for food. The Utah pioneers, learning of this native food from the Indians, also used it in early days when provisions were scarce. The sego lily has been officially chosen as Utah’s State flower. It blooms in the latter part of May, and is used extensively on Decoration Day. Among the interesting spring pastimes of the Western boys and girls are sego digging and gathering sego lilies. Sē′gō is the Indian name for this plant.
Service berries.Small berries similar in size and color to blueberries and huckleberries. Found plentifully in the mountains of the West. They grow on bushes. Used by Indians for food. Granny Pokiboro’sservice-berrybasket was among the collection of Shoshone relics pictured on page111.
Shoshone(Shō′shō-nḗ). Some times spelled Shoshoni. Name applied generally to Indians of Utah, Idaho, and Western Wyoming, and some parts of Eastern Nevada. Southern Shoshones were usually spoken of as Ute tribe. “Shoshone” probably means “Snake.” The Shoshones were commonly called the Snake Indians by the other tribes and the early pioneers of the West.
Sioux(So͞o). Name of large Indian tribe of the northern central plains.
Sogwobipa(Sŏg-wŏb′bĭ-pä). Name given by Shoshones to Missouri River.
Suarki(Sū-ar′ki). Name of young Indian who accompanied Uncle Nick when he went to bring Sagwich and his band back to the reservation.
Swap(swäp). Means to trade, to exchange.
Tabby(Tăb-by). Tabby means the sun. Name of Gosiute Indian who lived about Grantsville, Utah, in the early days and who saved Uncle Nick. It was also the name of a chief of the Utes.
Tabop(Tă-bŏp′). Letter of recommendation given to Indians. They used such letters at times when they would come asking for food.
Tepee(tē′pe͞e, also tĭ′pĭ). Name applied to cone-shaped tent used by Western Indian tribes. Made in earlier days of buffalo robes or elk skins; now made of canvas.
Teton Mountains(Tē′tŏn). Name of mountain range on western edge of Wyoming. The Teton Peaks (see picturefacing page 1) are famous the world over. The Grand Teton is about 14,000 feet high.
Titsapa(Tĭt′sē-pä). Name given to the Bear River, a stream which rises in northeastern Utah, flows through part of Wyoming and Idaho, and finally finds its way back into Utah and empties into the Great Salt Lake.
Tobitapa(Tō′bĕ-tĭ-pä). Name given by Indians to the Portneuf, a branch of the Snake River. The Portneuf rises in southeastern Idaho and flows through the Portneuf Canyon past Pocatello and empties into the Snake River about ten miles northwest of this city.
Tosaibi(Tō′sḗ-ă′bĭ). Name given springs in southeastern Idaho. The water of these springs is a kind of natural soda water. They are used by many for medicinal purposes. Tosa or Tose means white. The sediment from these springs makes whitish mounds.
Tosenamp(Tō′sē-nămp′). White-foot. Tose (white), namp (foot). Name given to Indian who worked for Uncle Nick’s father.
Umbaginny(Ŭm′bạ-jĭn-ny). A Gosiute Indian killed by the whites for cattle stealing in early days.
Washakie(Wäsh′ǡ-kē′). Name of chief of the Shoshones from about 1850 until his death about 1890.
Wickiup(Wĭck′ĭ-ŭp). Name given to brush huts and other rude shelters built by the Indians out West.
Yagaki(Yă′gǡ-kē). Name given by Indians to Uncle Nick. Means “the crier.”
Yaibi(Yī′bĭ). Name of one of Washakie’s brothers killed by a snowslide.
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Native American line drawing: Riders on horses
INDIAN LIFE AND INDIAN LORE
TWO BOOKS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE BY
Edward S. Curtis
Author of “The North American Indian”
INDIAN DAYSOF THELONG AGOInIndian Days of The Long Agothe author gives an intimate view of Indian life in the olden days, reveals the great diversity of language, dress, and habits among them, and shows how every important act of their lives was influenced by spiritual beliefs and practices.The book tells the story of Kukúsim, an Indian lad who is eagerly awaiting the time when he shall be a warrior. It is full of mythical lore and thrilling adventures, culminating in the mountain vigil, when Kukúsim hears the spirit voices which mark the passing of his childhood.Illustrated with photographs by the author and drawings by F. N. Wilson.IN THE LANDOF THEHEAD-HUNTERSTheodore Roosevelt once said that Mr. Curtis has caught glimpses, such as few white men ever catch, into the strange spiritual and mental life of the Indians. InIn the Land of the Head-Huntersthese glimpses are shared with his readers.The story centers about Motana, the son of the great War Chief. The mountain vigil, the wooing and winning of Naida, the raid of Yaklus and his warriors, the rescue of the captured Naida, and the final victory, celebrated by ceremonial dances, are all described. The action is rapid and the story is told in the direct, simple style of the true epic.Illustrated with thirty full-page photographs by the author.
INDIAN DAYSOF THELONG AGOInIndian Days of The Long Agothe author gives an intimate view of Indian life in the olden days, reveals the great diversity of language, dress, and habits among them, and shows how every important act of their lives was influenced by spiritual beliefs and practices.The book tells the story of Kukúsim, an Indian lad who is eagerly awaiting the time when he shall be a warrior. It is full of mythical lore and thrilling adventures, culminating in the mountain vigil, when Kukúsim hears the spirit voices which mark the passing of his childhood.Illustrated with photographs by the author and drawings by F. N. Wilson.
INDIAN DAYS
OF THE
LONG AGO
InIndian Days of The Long Agothe author gives an intimate view of Indian life in the olden days, reveals the great diversity of language, dress, and habits among them, and shows how every important act of their lives was influenced by spiritual beliefs and practices.
The book tells the story of Kukúsim, an Indian lad who is eagerly awaiting the time when he shall be a warrior. It is full of mythical lore and thrilling adventures, culminating in the mountain vigil, when Kukúsim hears the spirit voices which mark the passing of his childhood.Illustrated with photographs by the author and drawings by F. N. Wilson.
IN THE LANDOF THEHEAD-HUNTERSTheodore Roosevelt once said that Mr. Curtis has caught glimpses, such as few white men ever catch, into the strange spiritual and mental life of the Indians. InIn the Land of the Head-Huntersthese glimpses are shared with his readers.The story centers about Motana, the son of the great War Chief. The mountain vigil, the wooing and winning of Naida, the raid of Yaklus and his warriors, the rescue of the captured Naida, and the final victory, celebrated by ceremonial dances, are all described. The action is rapid and the story is told in the direct, simple style of the true epic.Illustrated with thirty full-page photographs by the author.
IN THE LAND
OF THE
HEAD-HUNTERS
Theodore Roosevelt once said that Mr. Curtis has caught glimpses, such as few white men ever catch, into the strange spiritual and mental life of the Indians. InIn the Land of the Head-Huntersthese glimpses are shared with his readers.
The story centers about Motana, the son of the great War Chief. The mountain vigil, the wooing and winning of Naida, the raid of Yaklus and his warriors, the rescue of the captured Naida, and the final victory, celebrated by ceremonial dances, are all described. The action is rapid and the story is told in the direct, simple style of the true epic.Illustrated with thirty full-page photographs by the author.
Price $1.60 each.
WORLD BOOK COMPANY
Yonkers-on-Hudson, New York
2126 Prairie Avenue, Chicago
Native American line drawing: Three Native American boats
INDIAN LIFE AND INDIAN LORE
THE HERO OF THE
LONGHOUSE
ByMary E. Laing
Illustrations from 27 paintings by David C. Lithgow
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Cloth. xxvi + 329 pages. Price $1.60.
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A Central American Journey
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Cloth. ix + 219 pages.
Price $1.20.
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CONSERVATION SERIES
Rustic scene
Conservation Reader
ByHAROLD W. FAIRBANKS,Ph. D.
Lecturer, University of California; Geography Supervisor Berkeley Public Schools
A small book bringing out in a simple and interesting manner the principles of conservation of natural resources has long been wanted, for there has been little on the subject that could be placed in the hands of pupils. It is to answer this need that Fairbanks’Conservation Readerhas been prepared.
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