¹As this address was wrote sometime ago, in which are certain strictures uponDr.Warburton’s writings, who has lately been consecrated a Right Reverend Lord Bishop; I thought it more candid not to alter my stile, than to take the advantage of charging such gross errors, on a Bishop ofGlocester, which I only found inMr.andDr.Warburton.The enemies to man’s rising out of the fall ofAdam, through the Spirit and power of Christ, are many. But the great enemy is SELF-EXALTATION; when self-exaltation ceases, the last enemy is destroyed, and all that came from thedeathofAdam, is swallowed up in victory.What, therefore, has every one so much to fear and abhor, as self-exaltation, and everyoutwardwork that proceeds from it. But at what things shall a man look, to seethatwhich raises pride to its strongest life, and most of all hinders the life of the humble Jesus in his soul? Shall he call thepompsandvanitiesof the world, the highest works ofself-adoration? Shall he look atfopsandbeaux, andpainted ladies, to see the pride that has themostof Antichrist in it? No, by no means. These are, indeed, marks shameful enough, of the vain, foolish heart of man: but yet, comparatively speaking, they are butthe skin-deep follies of that pride, which the fall of man hath brought forth in him. Would you see the deepest root, and iron-strength of pride, you must enter into the dark chamber of man’s soul, where the light of God (which alone gives humility) being extinguished by the death whichAdamdied,self-exaltation, became the strong man that kept possession of the house, till a stronger than he should come. In this secret source a swelling kingdom of pomps and vanities is set up in the heart of man, to which all outward pomps and vanities are but childish, transitory play-things. The inwardstrong manof pride, has his higher workswithin; and has every power of the soul, offering continual incense to him. Hismemory, hiswill, hisunderstandingandimagination, are always at work for him.—Hismemoryis the faithful repository of all the fine things he hath done. Hiswill, though it has all the world before it, yet goes after nothing but as this sends it. His understanding is ever upon the stretch for new projects to enlarge the dominions of it; and if this fails,imaginationcomes in, to make him a king, and mighty lord ofcastles in the air.Now what is it in the human soul, that most of all hinders the death of this old man? What is it, that above all other things makes it the governor of all the powers of the heart and soul? It is the fancied riches ofparts, the glitter ofgenius, the flight ofimagination, the glory oflearning, and the self-conceited strength ofnatural reason: these are the strong holds of fallen nature, the master-builders of pride’s temple in the heart of man. And here let it be well observed, that all these magnified talents of the natural man are started up through his miserablefallfrom the life of God in his soul.Wit,genius,learning, andnatural reason, would have had no more a name amongst men, thanblindness,ignorance, andsickness, had man continued, as at first, an holy image of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.——Every thing then that dwelt in him, or came from him, would have only saidso muchof God, andnothingof himself, have manifested nothing to him, but theheavenly powersof the triune life of God dwelling in him. He would have no more consciousness of his own wit, or natural reason, or goodness, than of hisown creating power, at beholding the created heavens, and earth. It is his dreadful fall from God, that has furnished him with these high intellectual riches, just as it has furnished him with the substantial riches of his♦bestial appetitesandlusts. And when the lusts of the flesh have spent their life, when flesh and blood shall be forced to let the soul go loose; all these bright talents will end with that system of fleshly lusts in which they began; andthatof man, which remains, will have nothing of its own, nothing that can say,I do this, orI do that, but all that it hath, or doth, will be either theglory of Godmanifestedin it, or thepower of hellin full possession of it.—The time of man’s playing withparts, wit, and abilities, and of fancying himself something in the intellectual world, may be much shorter, but can be no longer, than he can eat, and drink with the animals of this world.—When the time cometh, that fine buildings, rich settlements, acquired honours, and Rabbi, Rabbi, must take their leave of him, all the stately structures, which genius, learning, and imagination, have painted inwardly on his brain and outwardly on paper, must bear full witness toSolomon’s vanity of vanities.♦“beastial” replaced with “bestial”The intellectual power, which has the best help in it, towards bringing man again into the region of divine light, is that poor, despised thing, calledsimplicity. This is that, which stops the workings of the fallen nature, and leaves room for God to work again in the soul, according to the good pleasure of his will. It stands in such a waiting posture before God, as the plants of the earth wait for the inflowing riches of the light and air. But theself-assumingworkings of man’s natural powers, shut him up in himself, closely barred up against the inflowing riches of the light and Spirit of God.Yet so it is, in this fallen state of the gospel church, that with these proud endowments of fallen nature, theclassicscholar, full fraught with pagan light and skill, comes forth to play thecriticandoratorwith the simplicity of salvation mysteries;mysteries which mean nothing else but theinward workof the triune God in the soul of man.However, to make way forparts,criticism, andlanguage-learning, to have the full management of salvation doctrines, the well-read scholar gives out, that the antient way of knowing the things of God, taught, and practised byfishermen-apostles, is obsolete. They indeed wanted to have divine knowledge from the immediate, continual operation of the holy Spirit; but this state was only for a time, till genius, and learning entered into the pale of the church.—Behold, if ever,the abomination of desolation standing in the holy place!—For as soon as this doctrine is set up, that man’s natural parts, and acquired learning, have full right and power to guide men into that truth, which was once the office of the holy Spirit; it may with the greatest truth be said, thatthe kingdom of Godis shut up; and only a kingdom of Scribes, Pharisees, and Hypocrites come instead of it. For by this doctrine the whole power of gospel religion, is more denied, than by setting upthe infallibility of the Pope; for though his claim to infallibility is false, yet he claims it under the holy Spirit; but the Protestant scholar has his divinity knowledge from himself, his own logic, and learned reason.—Christ has no where given the least power tologic,learning, or the natural powers of man, in his kingdom: he has never said to them,Whatsoever yeshall bind on earth, shall be bound in heaven; never said to them,Go ye and teachall nations, no more than he hath said to wolves, Go andfeed my sheep.But theletterof scripture hath been so long the usurped province of school-critics, and learned reasoners making their markets of it, that the difference between notional, and living, divine knowledge, is almost lost in the Christian world. So that if any awakened souls are here or there found among Christians, who think more must be known of God, of Christ, and the powers of the world to come, than every scholar can know, by reading the letter of scripture, immediately the cry ofenthusiasm, whether it be priest, or people, is sent after them.—A procedure, which could only have some excuse, if thesecriticscould first prove, that the apostle’s text, ought to be thus read,The Spirit killeth, but the letter giveth life.The kingdom of God is like a treasure in a field: thus far, is the true use, and utmost power of theletter; it can tell us of a treasure that we want, and how and where it is to be found; but aman goethandselleth all that he hath, andbuyeth that field, then beginneth thedivine knowledge, which is nothing else, but the treasurepossessed, andenjoyed. Forexcept a man deny himself and forsake all that he hath, saith Christ, he cannot be my disciple; that is, he cannot partake of my mind, my spirit, and my nature, and therefore cannotknow me; he is only a hearer of a treasure, without entering into the possession of it. And thus it is with all scripture, the letter can only direct to the doing of that which it cannot do, and give notice of something that it cannot give.Good and evil, the only objects of religious knowledge are in us, are a part of us, asseeing and hearingare in us, and we can have no real knowledge of them any other way, than as we have of our ownseeing and hearing. And as no man can get or lose his seeing or hearing, or have less, or more of them, by any ideas, or notions, that he forms about them, just so it is with real good and evil, notions and ideas have no effect upon it. Yet no other knowledge is sought after, or esteemed but that which is notional and the work of the brain.Thus, as soon as a man of speculation can demonstrate that, which he calls thebeing and attributes of God, he thinks, and others think, that he trulyknowsGod. But what excuse can be made for such an imagination, when plain scripture has told him, thatto know God is eternal life, that is, to know God, is to have the life, and the Spirit of Godmanifestedin him.Again, another, forming anopinion of faithfrom the letter of scripture, straightway imagines, that he knows what faith is, and that he isin the faith. Sad delusion! For to know what faith is, or that we are in the faith, is to know that Christ is in us of a truth; it is to know the power of hislife, his death, his resurrection and ascension, made good in our souls. To be in the faith, is to have done with notions about it, because it is felt by its living power and fruits within us, which arerighteousness,peace, andjoyin the Holy Ghost.Would you divinely know the mysteries of grace and salvation? Let divine love work within you. Without this, be as learned and polite as you will, your heart is but the dark heart of fallenAdam, and your knowledge of the kingdom of God, will be only like that which murderingCainhad.—If love is not the spirit that forms and governs every thing that proceeds from you, every thing that has your labour, your allowance and consent; you are broken off from the works of God, you are without God, and your name and nature and works, can have no other name, or nature, but pride, wrath, envy, hypocrisy, hatred, revenge and self-exaltation.—Nothing can possibly save you from being the certain prey of all these evil spirits, but that love, which is God himself, his light, and spirit within you.But now, since divine love can have no beginning, but from the divine nature in us, therefore saithSt.John, we love him, because he FIRST loved us: the same as saying, we desire God, because he first desired us; for we could not desire God, but because he first desired us, we could not turn to God, but because he first turned to us.*Believe me then, thou great scholar, that all thou hast got of wisdom or learning, day after day, in any other school but this, will stand thee in as much stead, fill thee with as high comfort at the hour of death, as all the dreams which night after night, thou hast ever had in thy sleep.—And till a man knows this, with as much fullness of conviction, as he knows the vanity of a dream, he is not yet in the light of truth, not yettaught of God.Behold your state ye ministers, that wait at Christian altars, who have neither faith, nor hope, nor desire ofheavenly firekindled in your souls; ye have a priesthood, and an altar not fit to be named with that, which in Jewish days, had an holy fire from God, descending upon it, which made priest and sacrifice acceptable to God, though only a type of that inward celestial fire, which Christ would kindle into a never-ceasing burning, in the living temples of his new-born children.Complain then no more of atheists, infidels, and open enemies to the gospel kingdom of God; for whilst you call heavenly fire and spirit, downright phrensy, and mystic madness, you do all that infidel work within the church, which they do on the outside of it.—And if through a learned fear of having that done to your earthly reason, which was done toEnochwhen Godtook him, ye will own no higher a regeneration, than a few cold drops of water sprinkled on the face,any of the Heathen gods of wood and stone, are good enough for such anelementarypriesthood.—For let this be told you, as a truth from God, that tillheavenly fire and spiritare within you, you can rise no higher by your highest learning, than to be elegant orators about scripture words. What wonder then, if sacraments, church-prayers, and preachings, leave high and low, learned and unlearned, priests and people, as unaltered in all their aged vices, as they leave children unchanged in their childish follies? For where theonlyfountain of life and goodness is forsaken, all the difference between man and man, is as nothing with respect to the kingdom of God.—It matters not what name is given to the old man, whether he be called a zealouschurchman, a stiff-neckedJew, a politeHeathen, or a graveinfidel: under all these names, he has but one and the same nature, without any other difference but that, whichtimeandplace,education,complexion, andworldly wisdom, happen to make. By such a one, whether he be Papist or Protestant, the gospel is onlykept, as a book, and all that is within it, is only so much condemnation to the keeper, just as the old man, aJew, hath kept the book of the law and prophets, only to be more fully condemned by them.That the Jewish and Christian church, stand at this day in thesame kindof♦apostasy, or fallen state, must be manifest to every one that will not shut his eyes. Why are the Jews in a fallenstate? It is because they have refused him, who in his whole process, was the truth, the substance, the life, and fulfilling of all that, which was outwardly taught, in their law and prophets.♦“apostacy” replaced with “apostasy”But is it not as easy to see, that the whole Christian church are in a fallen state, and for the same reason, because they are turned away from that holy Spirit who was given to be theonlylife, and fulfilling of all that, which wasoutwardlytaught by the gospel. For the holy Spirit to come, was the same FULFILLING of the whole gospel, as a Christ to come, was thefulfillingof the law.—The Jew therefore with his Old Testament, not owning Christ to be the truth and life, and fulfiller of their law, is in that same apostasy as the Christian with his New Testament, not owning the holy Spirit, to be his only light, guide, and governor.—For as all types in the law, were but empty shadows without Christ’s being the life and power of them, so all that is written in the gospel is but dead letter, unless the holy Spirit be, the living rememberer, and the doer of them. Therefore where the holy Spirit is not thus received, as thewhole power, and life of the gospel-state, it is no marvel, that Christians have no more of gospel virtues, than the Jews have of patriarchal holiness, or that the same vices which prosper amongst Jews, should break forth with as much strength in fallen Christendom. For the New Testament not ending in the coming of the holy Spirit,with fulness of power over sin and hell, and the devil, is no better a help toheaven, than the Old Testament without the coming of a Messiah.But here lies the great mistake, or rather idolatrous abuse of all God’s outward dispensations.—They are taken for the thing itself, for the truth and essence of religion. That which the learned Jews did with the outward letter of their law, the learned Christians do with the outward letter of their gospel.—Why did the Jewish church so furiously cry out against Christ, Let him be crucified? It was because their letter-learned ears, their worldly Spirit, and temple orthodoxy, would not bear to hear of an inward Saviour, of being born again of his Spirit, of his dwelling in them, and they in him.—To have their law of ordinances, their temple-pompsunkinto such afulfillingSaviour as this, was such enthusiastic jargon to their ears, as forced their sober, rational theology, to call Christ, Beelzebub, and his doctrine blasphemy.Our blessed Lord in a parable sets forth the blind Jews, as saying of himself,We will not have this man to reign OVER us.—The sober minded Christian scholar has none of this Jewish blindness, he only saith of Christ, we will not have this man to REIGN IN US, and so keeps clear of such absurdity, asSt.Paulfell into, when he enthusiastically said,Yet not I, but Christ that liveth in me.Christian doctors reproach the old learned rabbies, for their vain faith, and carnal desire of aglorious outwardChrist, who should set up their temple-worship all over the world.—Vanity indeed, and blindness enough!*But nevertheless, in these condemners of rabbinic blindness,St.Paul’s words are remarkably verified,viz.Wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself, for thou that judgest, dost the same thing.—For, take away all that from Christ, which Christian doctors call enthusiasm, suppose him to be only anoutward distantheavenly prince, no more really in us, than our high cathedrals are in thethird heavens, but only by an invisible hand from his throne on high, some way or other raising and helpinggreat scholars, or greattemporalpowers, to make a rock in every nation for his church to stand upon; suppose all this (which is the very marrow of modern divinity) and then you have that veryoutwardChrist, and that veryoutwardkingdom; which the carnal Jew dreamed of, and for the sake of which, the spiritual Christ was then nailed to the cross, and is still crucified by the new-rising Jew in the Christian church.Let then the eager searcher intowordsfor wisdom, the book-devourer, the opinion-broker, the exalter of human reason, and every projecting builder of religious systems, be told, that the thirst and pride of beinglearnedly wisein the things of God, is keeping up the grossest ignoranceof them, and is nothing else butEve’s old serpent, and does no better work in the church of Christ, than her thirst after wisdom did in the paradise of God.—Speak, Lord, for thy servant heareth, is the only way, by which any man ever did, or ever can attain divine knowledge, and divine goodness.—To knock at any other door, is like asking life of that, which is itself dead, or praying to him for bread, who has nothing but stones to give.Say not, that it is only theilliterateenthusiast, that condemns human learning in the gospel kingdom of God. For when he condemns the blindness and mischief of Popish logic and criticism, he has all the learned Protestant world with him; and when he lays the same charge to the Protestant learning, he has a much larger kingdom of Popish great scholars, affirming the same thing. So that the private person, charging human learning with so much mischief to the church, is so far from being led byenthusiasm, that he is led by all thechurch-learningthat is in the world.Again, all learned Christendom agrees in the same charge against temporal power in the church, as hurtful to every being, of akingdomthat is not of this world, as supporting doctrines that human learning has brought into it.——TheProtestantbrings proof from a thousand years learning, that thePopeis an unjust usurper oftemporal power in the church, Christ’s spiritual spouse.—The Papist brings the learning of as many ages, to shew, that a temporal head of the church, is an Anti-christian usurpation.—And yet (N. B.) he who holds Christ to be the onlyhead,heartandlifeof the church, and that,no man can callJesus, Lord,but by the Holy Ghost, passes with the learned of both these people, for a brain-sick enthusiast.—Is it not then high time, to look out for some better ground to stand upon, than such learning as this? Now look where you will, through the whole nature of things, no divine knowledge, goodness, and deliverance from sin, are any where to be found for fallen man, but in thesetwo points; (1) a total entrance into thewhole processof Christ; (2) a total resignation to, and dependance upon the continual operation of the Holy Ghost, to be our never ceasing light, teacher, and guide into all those ways of virtue, in which he himself walked in the flesh.—All besides this, call it by what name you will, is but dead work, a vain labour of theold man, to new create himself.—Let the Christian world depart from thisoneway of salvation, let any thing else be trusted to, but thecrossof Christ, and theSpiritof Christ, and then, thoughchurches, andpreachersandprayers, andsacraments, are every where in plenty, yet nothing better can come of it than a Christian kingdom ofPagan vices, along with a mouth-belief ofan holy Catholic church, and communion of saints.—Tothis melancholy truth, all Christendom both at home and abroad, bears full witness. Who need be told, that there is no corruption of human nature, no kind of pride, wrath, envy, malice, and self-love; no sorts of hypocrisy, falseness, cursing, swearing, perjury, and cheating, no wantonness of lust in every kind of debauchery, but are as common all over Christendom, as towns and villages.—But to pass these by, I shall only instance intwo or three particulars, which though little observed, and less condemned, yet fully shew, that the devil is in possession of Protestant, as well as Popish churches.Andfirst, can it be said, thatmammonis lessservedby Christians, than by Jews and Infidels? Or can there be a fuller proof, that Christians, Jews, and Infidels, are equally fallen from God, since truth itself hath told us, That wecannot serve God and mammon? Is not this as unalterable a truth, as if it had been said,Ye cannot serve God and Baal? Or can it be affirmed, that theMammonisthas more of Christ in him, than theBaalist, or is more or less an idolater for being called a Christian, a Jew, or an Infidel? Look now at all those particulars, which Christ charged upon the Jewish priests, Scribes, and Pharisees, and you will see them all acted over again in Christendom. And if God’s prophets were again in the world, they would have just the same complaints against thefallenChristian church, as they had against the old carnal stiff-necked Jews,namely, that of their silver and gold, they had made themselves idols, Hoseaviii.4. For though figured idol-gods of gold are not now worshipped either by Jews or Christians, yet silver and gold, with that which belongs to them, is the mammon-god, that sits and reigns in their hearts. How else could be that universal strife through all Christendom, who should stand in the richest and highest place, to preach up the humility of Christ, and offer spiritual sacrifices unto God? What God but mammon could put into the hearts of Christ’s ambassadors, to make, or want to make a gain of that gospel, which from the beginning to the end, means nothing else butseparationfrom every view, temper and affection, that has any connexion withthe lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life? Our blessed Lord said a word to the Jews, that might well have made their ears to tingle, when he told them, that theyhad made his Father’s house a den of thieves; because sheep and oxen were sold, and money-changers sitting in the outer court of the temple. Now if you will say, that mammon has brought forth no prophanation like this in our Christian church, your best proof must be this, because our church-sale is not oxen and sheep, but holy things, cures of souls, parsonages, vicarages,&c.and our money-changers, our buyers and sellers, are chiefly consecrated persons.Look at things spiritual, and things temporal, and say if you can, that the same arts, the same passions, and worldly wisdom, are not as active in the one, as in the other. For if Christ at leaving the world, had said to his disciples, labour to be rich, make full provision for the flesh, be conformed to the world, court the favour and interest of great men, cloath yourselves with all the♦worldly honours, distinctions, and powers ye can get; I appeal to every man, whether Popish and Protestant churches need do any thing else, than that which theynowdo, to prove their faithfulness to such a master, and their full obedience to his precepts.♦“wordly” replaced with “worldly”Again,Secondly, Ye have heard, saith our Lord, that it hathbeen said by them of old; thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shall perform unto the Lord, thine oaths. ButI say unto you, swear not at all. But notwithstanding this, through town and country, in all ignorant villages, in all learned colleges, in all courts spiritual and temporal, what with law-oaths, corporation-oaths, office-oaths, trade-oaths, qualification-oaths, simony-oaths, bribery-oaths, election-oaths,&c.&c.&c.there is more swearing and for-swearing, than all history reports of any idol-worshipping nations. It was said of old,because of swearing, the land mourneth: It is full as true to say now, because of swearing, the land rejoiceth in iniquity, is full of prophaneness, and without any fear or awe of the divine Majesty, daily swallowingdown all manner of oaths, with as much serious reflection, as pot-companions swallow down their liquor.But to proceed to a third instance of the full power of Antichrist, through every part of governing Christendom.In the darkest ages of Romish superstition, a martial spirit of zeal for the gospel, broke forth in kings, cardinals, bishops, monks, and friars, to lead the sheep of Christ, saints, pilgrims, penitents, and sinners of all kinds, to proceed in battle array, to kill, devour, and drive the Turks from the land ofPalestine, and the old earthlyJerusalem. These blood-thirsty expeditions were called an holy war, because it was a fighting for the holy land; they were called also a croisade, because crucifixes made the greatest glitter amongst the sharpened instruments of human murder. Thus under the banner of the cross, went forth an army of church wolves, to destroy the lives of those, whom the Lamb of God died on the cross to save.The light which broke out at the reformation, abhorred the bloody zeal of these Catholic heroes. But what followed from this new risen, reforming light, what came forth instead of theseholy crusades? Why wars, if possible, still more diabolical. Christian kingdoms with blood-thirsty piety, destroying, devouring and burning one another, for the sake of that which was called Popery, and that which was called Protestantism.Now who can help seeing, that Satan, had here a much greater triumph over Christendom, than in all the holy wars that went before? For all that was then done, by such high-spirited fighters for oldJerusalem’s earth, could not be said to be done againstgospel-light, because not one in a thousand of these holy warriors was allowed to see what was in the gospel. But now, with the gospel open in every one’s hands, Papists and Protestants make open war against everydivine virtue, which can unite them with the Lamb of God, who taketh away the sins of the world; I say, against every divine virtue of the Lamb of God, for these arethe enemieswhich Christian war conquers. For there is not a virtue of gospel-goodness, but has its death-blow from it. Now fancy to yourself, Christ, after his divine sermon on the mount, putting himself at the head of a blood-thirsty army, orSt.Paulgoing forth with a squadron of fire and brimstone, to make more havock in human lives, than a devouring earthquake.But if this be too blasphemous an absurdity to be supposed, what follows, but that the Christian who acts in the fury of war, acts in full contrariety to the whole nature of Christ, and can no more be said to be led by his Spirit, than those his enemies, whocame forth with swords and staves to take him.When aMost Christian Majestywith his Catholic church, sings aTe Deumat the high altar,for rivers of Protestant blood poured out; or an evangelic church sings praise to the holy Lamb of God, for helping them from his holy throne in heaven, to make Popish towns like to Sodom and Gomorrah, they blaspheme God, as much asCainwould have done, had he offered a sacrifice of praise to God, for helping him to murder his brother. Let such worshippers of God be told, that the field of blood gives all its glory to Satan, who was a murderer from the beginning, and will to the end of his reign, be the only receiver of all the glory, that can come from it.A gloriousAlexanderin the Heathen world, is a shame and reproach to human nature, and does more mischief to mankind in a few years, than all wild beasts have done from the beginning of the world. But the same hero making the same ravage from country to country with Christian soldiers, has more thanks from the devil, than twenty PaganAlexanders. To make men kill men, is meat and drink to their roaring adversary, who goeth about seeking whom he may devour. But to make Christians kill Christians for the sake of Christ’s church, is his highest triumph over the highest mark, which Christ hath set upon those whom he has purchased by his blood.This commandment, saith he,I give unto you, that ye love one another. By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye love one another as I have loved you.Can theduellist, who had rather sheath his sword in the bowels of his brother, than stifle that which he calls an affront, can he be said to have this mark of his belonging to Christ? Now, what is the difference between the haughty duellist meeting his adversary with sword and pistol behind a hedge, and two kingdoms with their high-spirited regiments slaughtering one another in the field of battle? It is the difference that is between the murder of one man, and the murder of an hundred thousand.Now imagine the duellistfastingandconfessinghis sins to God to-day, because he is engaged to fight his brother to-morrow; fancy again the conqueror got into his closet, on his bended knees, lifting up hands and heart to God, for blessing his weapons with the death of his brother; and then you have a pictured inlittleof great piety, that begins and ends the wars all over heavenly Christendom!What blindness can be greater, than to think that a Christian kingdom, can have any other goodness, or union with Christ, but that very goodness, which makes the private Christian to be one with him, and a partaker of the divine nature? Or that pride, wrath, ambition, envy, covetousness, rapine, revenge, hatred, and murder, are only theworks of the devil, whilst they are committed by private, or single men; but when carried on by all the strength and authority, all the hearts, hands, and voices of a wholenation, that the devil is then quite driven out of them, loses all his right and power in them, and they become holy matter of church thanksgivings, and the sacred oratory of pulpits?Look at that which the private Christian is to do to his neighbour, or his enemy, and you see that very thing, which one Christian kingdom is to do to another.Now suppose a man, redeemed from his fallen nature, by Christ formed in his soul, and then he can no more be hired to kill men gloriously in the field, than to carry a dark lanthorn by night to apowder-plot.The temporal miseries which war carries along with it, wherever it goes, are neither to be numbered nor expressed. What thievery bears any proportion to that, which with the boldness of drum and trumpet, plunders the innocent of all that they have? And if themselves are left alive, with all their limbs, or their daughters unravished, they have many times, only the ashes of their consumed houses to lie down upon. What honour has war not gotten, from its tens and tens of hundreds of thousands of men slaughtered on heaps, with as little regret or concern, as at loads of rubbish thrown into a pit? Who, but the fiery dragon, would put wreaths of laurel, on such heroes heads? Who but he, could say unto them,Well done, good and faithful servants?But there is still an evil of war much greater, though less regarded. Who reflects, how many hundreds of thousands, nay millions ofyoung men, born into this world for no other end, but that they may be born again, and from sons ofAdam’s misery, become sons of God, and fellow-heirs with Christ in everlasting glory; who reflects, I say, what nameless numbers of these, are robbed of God’s precious gift of life, before they have known the sole benefit of living; who are not suffered to stay in this world, till age and experience have done their best for them, have helped them to know the inward voice of God’s Spirit, helped them to find, and feel that curse, and sting of sin and death, which must be taken from within them, before they can die the death of the righteous; but instead of this, have been either forced, or tempted in the fire of youth, and full of strength of sinful lusts, to forget God, eternity, and their own souls, and rush into a kill or be killed, with as much furious haste, and goodness of spirit, astigerkillstigerfor the sake of his prey?That God’s providence over his fallen creatures, is a providence of love and salvation, turning through ways of infinite wisdom, sooner or later, all kinds of evil intogood, making that which was lost to be found, that which was dead, to be alive again; not willing that one single sinner should want that, which can savehim from eternal death, is a truth as certain, as that God’s name is, I AM that I AM.Amongst the unfallen creatures in heaven, God’s name and nature, is LOVE, LIGHT, and GLORY. To the fallen sons ofAdam, that which waslove,light, andgloryin heaven, becomes infinite PITY and COMPASSION on earth, in a God, cloathed with the nature of his fallen creature, bearing all its infirmities, entering into all its troubles, and in meek innocence, living a life, and dying a death, of all the sufferings due to sin. Hence it was, that when this DIVINE PITY suffered its own life-giving blood to be poured on the ground, all outward nature made full declaration of its atoning, and redeeming power; the strength of the earth did quake, the hardness of rocks was forced to split, and long-covered graves to give up their dead. A certain presage, that all kinds of hellishwrath,malice,pride,envy, and earthlypassions, which kept men under the power of Satan, must have the fullness of death, from that all powerful, all purifying blood of the Lamb, which will never cease washing RED into white, till all the sons ofAdamare fit for their several mansions in their heavenly Father’s house.Sing, O ye heavens, and shout all the lower parts of the earth, for this is OUR GOD that varies not, whose first creating love knows no change, but into aredeeming pitytowards all his fallen creatures.*Look now atwarring Christendom, what smallest drop of pity towards sinners is to be found in it? Or how could a spirit all hellish, more fully contrive and hasten their destruction? It stirs up every passion of fallen nature, that is contrary to the humble, meek, loving, forgiving, Spirit of Christ. It drives, and compels nameless numbers of unconverted sinners to fall, murdering and murdered, among flashes of fire, with the wrath and swiftness of lightning, into a fire infinitely worse than that in which they died. O sad subject for thanksgiving days, whether in Popish, or Protestant churches! For if there is a joy of all the angels in heaven, forone sinnerthat repenteth, what a joy must there be in hell over such multitudes of sinners, not suffered to repent? And if they who haveconverted many to righteousness, shall shine as the stars in the firmament for ever, what woe may they not fear, whose proud wrath and vain glory, have robbed such numberless troops of poor wretches, of all time and place of knowing what righteousness they wanted, for the salvation of their immortal souls!*Here my pen trembles in my hand; but when, O when will one single Christian church, people, or language, tremble at the share they have in this death of sinners!*For the GLORY OF HIS MAJESTY’S ARMS, said once aMost Christian King: Now if, at that time, his Catholic church had called asolemn assembly to unite hearts and voices in this pious prayer, “O blessed Jesus, dear redeeming Lamb of God, who camest down from heaven, to save mens lives, and not destroy them, go along we humbly pray thee, with our bomb-vessels and fire-ships, suffer not our thundering cannon to roar in vain, but let thy tender hand of love and mercy, directtheirballs to more heads and hearts of thine own redeemed creatures, than the poor skill of man is able of itself to do.” Had such prayers had more of theson of perditionin them, than the Most Christian King’s glorying in his arms?*Again, would you farther see the fall of the universal church, look at allEuropean Christendomsailing round the globe, with fire and sword, and every murdering art of war, to seize the possessions, and kill the inhabitants ofboth the Indies. What natural right of man, what supernatural virtue was not here trodden under foot? All that you ever read or heard of Heathen barbarity, was here outdone by Christian conquerors. And to this day, what wars of Christians against Christians, blended withscalpingHeathens, still keep staining theearthand theseaswith human blood, for a miserable share in the spoils of a plundered Heathen world! A world, which should have heard, or seen, or felt nothing from the followers of Christ, but a divine love, that had forced them from distant lands, and through the perils of long seas, to visit strangerswith those glad tidings of peace and salvation to all the world, which angels from heaven, and shepherds on earth, proclaimed at the birth of Christ.*Here now, let thewisdom of this worldfrom its learned throne condemn all this asenthusiasm; it need be no trouble to anyone to be condemned by that wisdom, which God himself hath condemnedas foolishness. For the wisdom of this world hath all the contrariety todivine wisdom, that the flesh hath to the Spirit, earth to heaven, or damnation to salvation. It is a wisdom, whose Spirit and breath keep all the evil that is in fallen man alive, and which in its highest excellence, has only the full-grown nature of thatcarnal mind, which is at enmity against God. It is a wisdom, that turns all salvation-truths into empty, learned tales, that instead of helping the sinner to confess his sins,and feel the miserythat is hid under them, helps him to an art of hiding, nay of defending them; and so the poor blinded sinner, lives and dies in a total ignorance of that light, blessing, and salvation, which could only be had by a broken and contrite heart. For [N. B.] with respect to conscience, this is the chief office of worldly wisdom; it is to keep all things quiet in the old man, that whether busied in things spiritual or temporal, he may keep up the lusts of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, without any disturbance from religious phantoms, and dreams of idiots, who forwant of sober sense, and sound learning, think that Christ really meant what he said in these words,Except a man be born again, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.Now join (if you please) learning and religion to act in fellowship with this worldly wisdom, and then you will have a depravity of craft and subtlety, as high as flesh and blood can carry it, which will bring forth a glitteringPharisee, with a hardness of heart, greater than that of the sinner-publican.This wisdomhath asked me, How it is possible for Christian kingdoms in the neighbourhood of one another, to preserve themselves, unless the strength and weapons of war, are every ones defence, against such invasions, incroachments, and robberies, as would otherwise be the fate of Christian kingdoms from one another?This question is so far from needing to be answered by me, that it is wholly on my side; it confesses all, and proves all that I have said of the state of Christendom.—For if this is the governing spirit of Christian kingdoms, that no one of them can subsist in safety from its neighbour, but by its weapons of war, are not all Christian kingdoms equally in the sameunchristianstate, as two neighbouringbloody knaves, who cannot be safe from one another, but as their murdering arms protect them? This plea therefore for Christendom’s wars, proves nothing else but the want of Christianity all over the Christian world, andstands upon no better a foundation of righteousness, than when one murdering knave kills another, that would have killed him.But to know whether Christianity wants, or admits of war, Christianity is to be considered in its right state.—Now the true state of the world turned Christian, is thus described by the great gospel-prophet. “They shall beat their swords into plow-shares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up its sword against nation, (N. B.) neither shall they learn war any more.”—This is the prophet’s true Christendom, with the same essential mark set upon it, as when the Lamb of God said,By thisshall all menknow, ye are my disciples,if ye love one another as I have loved you.Would you see when and where the kingdoms of this world are become a kingdom of God, the prophet tells you that it isthenandtherewhere all enmity ceaseth.—“The wolf, saith he, shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid. The calf and the young lion and the fatling together, and a little child shall lead them. The cow and the bear shall feed, and their young ones shall lie down together, and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. The sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice’s den.”—For, N. B.they shall notHURT or DESTROYin all my holy mountain,that is, through all holy Christendom.Isaiahxi.6.See here a kingdom of God on the earth; is nothing else but a kingdom of mere love, where all HURT and DESTROYING is done away, and every work of enmity changed into heavenly love.As to the present state of Christendom, working under the spirit and power of the great fiery dragon, it is not my intention, to shew how any part of it can preserve itself from being devoured by every other part, but by its own dragon weapons.But the Christendom I mean, that neither wants, nor allows of war, is only that where Christ is King, and his holy Spirit the governor of the wills, affections, and designs of all that belong to it.—It is my charge upon all the nations of Christendom, that this necessity of murdering arms, is the dragon’smonster, that is equally brought forth by all and every part of fallen Christendom; and that therefore all and every part, as well Popish as Protestant, are at the same distance from the Spirit of their Lord, and therefore all want the same entire reformation.In these last ages of Christendom, many reformations have taken place; but alas! Truth must be forced to say, that they have been in all their variety, little better than so many lesserBabelscome out ofBabylonthe great.—For among allthe reformers, the one only true reformation hath never yet been thought of.The wisdom of this world, with its worldly spirit, was the only thing that had overcome the church, and had carried it into captivity. For in captivity it certainly is, as soon as it is turned into a kingdom of this world. Not a false doctrine, not a bad discipline, or corrupt practice ever prevailed in the church, but had its birth from worldly wisdom.This wisdom, was the great evil root, at which the reforming axe should have been laid and must be laid, before the church can be again that virgin spouse of Christ, which it was at the beginning.If therefore you take any thing to be church-reformation, but a full departure from the wisdom of this world, or any thing to be your entrance into a salvation-church, but thenatureandSpiritof Christ, in you, then, whether Papist or Protestant, all will be just as much good to you, as when a Sadducee turns Publican, or a Publican a Pharisee.—And here it is well to be observed, that the church of Christ is solely for this end, to make us holy as he is holy. But nothing can do this, but that which hath power to change a sinner into a saint. And he who has not foundthat powerin the church, may be assured, that he is not yet a true son of the church.But this can only be done, just as the change of night into day is done, or as the darkness islost in the light.—Something as contrary to the whole nature of sin, as light is to darkness, and as powerful over it, as the light is powerful over darkness, can alone do this.—Creeds, canons, articles of religion, stately churches, learned priests, singing, preaching, and praying in the best contrived form of words can no more raise a dead sinner into a living saint, than afine systemof light and colours can change the night into day.On this ground it is that the apostle said,Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing; and on the same ground it must be said, that Popery is nothing, and Protestantism is nothing, because all is nothing, as to salvation, but a sinner changed into a saint, or the apostle’s new creature.Many are themarkswhich the learned have given us of the true church; but be that as it will, no man, whether learned or unlearned, can have any proof of his owntrue church-membership, but his being dead unto all sin, and alive unto all righteousness.—This cannot be more plainly told us, than in these words of our Lord,He that committeth sin, is the servant of sin; but surely that servant of sin, cannot at the same time be a living member of Christ’s body.—To suppose a man born again, yet under a necessity of continuing to sin, is as absurd as to suppose, that the true Christian is only to have so much of the nature of Christ, as is consistent with Satan’s stilldwelling in him.—If the Son, saith Christ,shall make you free, then ye shall be free indeed. What is this, but saying, if Christ is in you, a true freedom from all necessity of sinning is given you. Now if this cannot come to pass in the faithful follower of Christ, it must be, because both the willing and working of Christ in man, is too weak to overcome that which the devil willeth and worketh in him.—All this absurdity, and even blasphemy, is necessarily implied in that common doctrine of books and pulpits, that the Christian can never have done sinning, as long as he lives.*Preachers and writers comfort the half Christians with telling them, that Godrequireth nota perfect, sinless obedience, butaccepteththe sincerity of our weak endeavours instead of it. Here, if ever, theblind lead the blind. ForSt.Paulcomparing the way of salvation to arace, saith,In a race all run, but ONE obtaineth the prize: so run that ye may obtain. Now ifPaulhad seeing eyes, must not they be blind, who teach, that God accepteth of allthat runin the religious race,and requireth notthat any shouldobtainthe prize. How easy was it to see, that the sincerity of our weak endeavours, was quite a different thing from that, which alone is, and can be therequiredperfection of our lives? The first, God accepteth, that is, beareth with. But why or how? Not because he seeketh orrequirethno more, but he beareth with them, because, thoughat a great distance from, they are making towards the perfection, or new creature, which heabsolutely requires, which is thefullness of the stature of Christ, and is that whichPaulsaith, is the ONE that obtaineth the prize.*The pleader against perfection farther supports himself by saying, no man in the world, Christ excepted, was ever without sin. And so say I too; and with the apostle I also add,That if we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar. But then it is as true to say, that we makehim a liar, if we deny the possibility of our ever being freed from a necessity of sinning. For the same word of God saith,If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, andto cleanse us from all unrighteousness.*But surely he that is under a necessity of sinning, as long as he lives, can no more be said to be cleansed fromall unrighteousness, than a man who must be a cripple to his dying day, can be said to be cured ofall his lameness. What weaker conclusion can well be made, than to infer, that because Christ was the only man, that was born and lived free from sin, therefore no man on earth can be raised to a freedom from sinning; no better than concluding, that because ourRedeemercould not find us any thing butsinners, therefore he must of all necessity leave ussinners.*The sober divine, who abhors the pride of Enthusiasts, saith of himself and all men, We arepoor, blind, imperfect creatures, all our natural faculties are perverted, corrupted, and out of their right state, and therefore nothing that is perfect can come from us, or be done by us. Truth enough! and the very same truth, as when the apostle saith,The natural man knoweth not the things that be of God. But what scripture ever required perfect works from this man, any more than it requires theEthiopianto change his skin? Or what an instructed divine must he be, who considers this old natural man, as the Christian, and therefore rejects Christian perfection, because thisold mancannot attain to it? What greater blindness than to appeal to our fallen state, in proof of a corruption, which we must have, when we are redeemed from it? Is this any wiser, than saying, that sin and corruption must be therewhereChrist is, because it isthere, where he is not?*To what end do we pray, that thisday we may fall into no sin, if no such day can be had? But if sinning can be made to cease in us for one day, what can do this for us, but that which can do the same to-morrow? What benefit in praying, thatGod’s will may be done on earth, as it is in heaven, if the earth as long as it lasts, must have as many sinners, as it has men upon it? How vainly doesthe churchpray for the baptized person,that he may have power and strength to have victory, and to triumph against the devil, the world and the flesh, if this victorious triumph can neverbe obtained? If notwithstanding this baptism and prayer, he must continuecommittingsin, and so be a servant of sin, as long as he lives?See howSt.Paulsets forth the true church.—Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized into his death? Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death, that like as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.—Here we have the one true church infallibly described.—He goes on.For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection.Therefore to be in Christ, or in his church, belongs to no one, but because the old man isput off, and the new man isput on.—The same thing is said again in these words;Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, That (N. B.) HENCEFORTHwe should not serve sin.Away then with all the tedious volumes of churchunity, churchpower, and churchsalvation. Ask neither a council ofTrent, nor a synod ofDort, nor anassemblyof divines, for a definition of the church. The apostle has given you, not a definition, but the unchangeable nature of it, in these words. But nowbeing made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life. Therefore to be in the true church, and to be in Christa new creature which sinneth not, is the same thing.*Look at all that is outward, and all that you then see, has no more of salvation in it, than the stars and elements. Look at all the good works you can think of, they have no goodness for you, but when the good Spirit of God is the doer of them. For all the outward works of religion may be done by thenatural man, he can observe all church duties, stick close to doctrines, and put on the semblance of every outward virtue; thus high can he go. But no Christian, till led by the Spirit of God, can go any higher than this outward formality; to which he can add nothing, but his own natural, fleshly zeal in the defence of it.My little children, saithSt.Paul,of whom I travail again in birth, till Christ be formed in you. This is the whole labour of an apostle to the end of the world. He has nothing to preach to sinners, but the absolute necessity, the true way, and the certain means of being born again. But if dropping this one thing he becomes a disputing reformer about words and opinions, and helps Christians to be zealously separated from one another, for the sake of being saved by different notions of faith, works, justification, or election, he has forgot his errand, and is become a blind leader of all who are blind enough to follow him.The eternal Son of God came into the world, only for the sake of this new birth, to give Godthe glory of restoring it to all the dead sons of fallenAdam. All the mysteries of this incarnate, suffering, dying Son of God, all the price that he paid for our redemption, all the washings that we have from his all cleansing blood poured out for us, all the life that we receive from eating his flesh and drinking his blood, have their infinite value, their high glory, and amazing greatness in this, because nothing less than these supernatural mysteries of a God-man could raise a new creature out ofAdam’s death, which could be again a living temple, and habitation of the Spirit of God.All that Christ was, did, suffered, dying in the flesh, and ascending into heaven, was for this sole end, to purchase for all his followers, a new birth, new life, and new light, in and by the Spirit of God restored to them, and living in them, as their support, comforter, and guide into all truth. And this was his word, LO, I AM WITH YOU ALWAY, EVEN UNTO THE END OF THE WORLD.
¹As this address was wrote sometime ago, in which are certain strictures uponDr.Warburton’s writings, who has lately been consecrated a Right Reverend Lord Bishop; I thought it more candid not to alter my stile, than to take the advantage of charging such gross errors, on a Bishop ofGlocester, which I only found inMr.andDr.Warburton.
¹As this address was wrote sometime ago, in which are certain strictures uponDr.Warburton’s writings, who has lately been consecrated a Right Reverend Lord Bishop; I thought it more candid not to alter my stile, than to take the advantage of charging such gross errors, on a Bishop ofGlocester, which I only found inMr.andDr.Warburton.
¹As this address was wrote sometime ago, in which are certain strictures uponDr.Warburton’s writings, who has lately been consecrated a Right Reverend Lord Bishop; I thought it more candid not to alter my stile, than to take the advantage of charging such gross errors, on a Bishop ofGlocester, which I only found inMr.andDr.Warburton.
The enemies to man’s rising out of the fall ofAdam, through the Spirit and power of Christ, are many. But the great enemy is SELF-EXALTATION; when self-exaltation ceases, the last enemy is destroyed, and all that came from thedeathofAdam, is swallowed up in victory.
What, therefore, has every one so much to fear and abhor, as self-exaltation, and everyoutwardwork that proceeds from it. But at what things shall a man look, to seethatwhich raises pride to its strongest life, and most of all hinders the life of the humble Jesus in his soul? Shall he call thepompsandvanitiesof the world, the highest works ofself-adoration? Shall he look atfopsandbeaux, andpainted ladies, to see the pride that has themostof Antichrist in it? No, by no means. These are, indeed, marks shameful enough, of the vain, foolish heart of man: but yet, comparatively speaking, they are butthe skin-deep follies of that pride, which the fall of man hath brought forth in him. Would you see the deepest root, and iron-strength of pride, you must enter into the dark chamber of man’s soul, where the light of God (which alone gives humility) being extinguished by the death whichAdamdied,self-exaltation, became the strong man that kept possession of the house, till a stronger than he should come. In this secret source a swelling kingdom of pomps and vanities is set up in the heart of man, to which all outward pomps and vanities are but childish, transitory play-things. The inwardstrong manof pride, has his higher workswithin; and has every power of the soul, offering continual incense to him. Hismemory, hiswill, hisunderstandingandimagination, are always at work for him.—Hismemoryis the faithful repository of all the fine things he hath done. Hiswill, though it has all the world before it, yet goes after nothing but as this sends it. His understanding is ever upon the stretch for new projects to enlarge the dominions of it; and if this fails,imaginationcomes in, to make him a king, and mighty lord ofcastles in the air.
Now what is it in the human soul, that most of all hinders the death of this old man? What is it, that above all other things makes it the governor of all the powers of the heart and soul? It is the fancied riches ofparts, the glitter ofgenius, the flight ofimagination, the glory oflearning, and the self-conceited strength ofnatural reason: these are the strong holds of fallen nature, the master-builders of pride’s temple in the heart of man. And here let it be well observed, that all these magnified talents of the natural man are started up through his miserablefallfrom the life of God in his soul.Wit,genius,learning, andnatural reason, would have had no more a name amongst men, thanblindness,ignorance, andsickness, had man continued, as at first, an holy image of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.——Every thing then that dwelt in him, or came from him, would have only saidso muchof God, andnothingof himself, have manifested nothing to him, but theheavenly powersof the triune life of God dwelling in him. He would have no more consciousness of his own wit, or natural reason, or goodness, than of hisown creating power, at beholding the created heavens, and earth. It is his dreadful fall from God, that has furnished him with these high intellectual riches, just as it has furnished him with the substantial riches of his♦bestial appetitesandlusts. And when the lusts of the flesh have spent their life, when flesh and blood shall be forced to let the soul go loose; all these bright talents will end with that system of fleshly lusts in which they began; andthatof man, which remains, will have nothing of its own, nothing that can say,I do this, orI do that, but all that it hath, or doth, will be either theglory of Godmanifestedin it, or thepower of hellin full possession of it.—The time of man’s playing withparts, wit, and abilities, and of fancying himself something in the intellectual world, may be much shorter, but can be no longer, than he can eat, and drink with the animals of this world.—When the time cometh, that fine buildings, rich settlements, acquired honours, and Rabbi, Rabbi, must take their leave of him, all the stately structures, which genius, learning, and imagination, have painted inwardly on his brain and outwardly on paper, must bear full witness toSolomon’s vanity of vanities.
♦“beastial” replaced with “bestial”
♦“beastial” replaced with “bestial”
♦“beastial” replaced with “bestial”
The intellectual power, which has the best help in it, towards bringing man again into the region of divine light, is that poor, despised thing, calledsimplicity. This is that, which stops the workings of the fallen nature, and leaves room for God to work again in the soul, according to the good pleasure of his will. It stands in such a waiting posture before God, as the plants of the earth wait for the inflowing riches of the light and air. But theself-assumingworkings of man’s natural powers, shut him up in himself, closely barred up against the inflowing riches of the light and Spirit of God.
Yet so it is, in this fallen state of the gospel church, that with these proud endowments of fallen nature, theclassicscholar, full fraught with pagan light and skill, comes forth to play thecriticandoratorwith the simplicity of salvation mysteries;mysteries which mean nothing else but theinward workof the triune God in the soul of man.
However, to make way forparts,criticism, andlanguage-learning, to have the full management of salvation doctrines, the well-read scholar gives out, that the antient way of knowing the things of God, taught, and practised byfishermen-apostles, is obsolete. They indeed wanted to have divine knowledge from the immediate, continual operation of the holy Spirit; but this state was only for a time, till genius, and learning entered into the pale of the church.—Behold, if ever,the abomination of desolation standing in the holy place!—For as soon as this doctrine is set up, that man’s natural parts, and acquired learning, have full right and power to guide men into that truth, which was once the office of the holy Spirit; it may with the greatest truth be said, thatthe kingdom of Godis shut up; and only a kingdom of Scribes, Pharisees, and Hypocrites come instead of it. For by this doctrine the whole power of gospel religion, is more denied, than by setting upthe infallibility of the Pope; for though his claim to infallibility is false, yet he claims it under the holy Spirit; but the Protestant scholar has his divinity knowledge from himself, his own logic, and learned reason.—Christ has no where given the least power tologic,learning, or the natural powers of man, in his kingdom: he has never said to them,Whatsoever yeshall bind on earth, shall be bound in heaven; never said to them,Go ye and teachall nations, no more than he hath said to wolves, Go andfeed my sheep.
But theletterof scripture hath been so long the usurped province of school-critics, and learned reasoners making their markets of it, that the difference between notional, and living, divine knowledge, is almost lost in the Christian world. So that if any awakened souls are here or there found among Christians, who think more must be known of God, of Christ, and the powers of the world to come, than every scholar can know, by reading the letter of scripture, immediately the cry ofenthusiasm, whether it be priest, or people, is sent after them.—A procedure, which could only have some excuse, if thesecriticscould first prove, that the apostle’s text, ought to be thus read,The Spirit killeth, but the letter giveth life.
The kingdom of God is like a treasure in a field: thus far, is the true use, and utmost power of theletter; it can tell us of a treasure that we want, and how and where it is to be found; but aman goethandselleth all that he hath, andbuyeth that field, then beginneth thedivine knowledge, which is nothing else, but the treasurepossessed, andenjoyed. Forexcept a man deny himself and forsake all that he hath, saith Christ, he cannot be my disciple; that is, he cannot partake of my mind, my spirit, and my nature, and therefore cannotknow me; he is only a hearer of a treasure, without entering into the possession of it. And thus it is with all scripture, the letter can only direct to the doing of that which it cannot do, and give notice of something that it cannot give.
Good and evil, the only objects of religious knowledge are in us, are a part of us, asseeing and hearingare in us, and we can have no real knowledge of them any other way, than as we have of our ownseeing and hearing. And as no man can get or lose his seeing or hearing, or have less, or more of them, by any ideas, or notions, that he forms about them, just so it is with real good and evil, notions and ideas have no effect upon it. Yet no other knowledge is sought after, or esteemed but that which is notional and the work of the brain.
Thus, as soon as a man of speculation can demonstrate that, which he calls thebeing and attributes of God, he thinks, and others think, that he trulyknowsGod. But what excuse can be made for such an imagination, when plain scripture has told him, thatto know God is eternal life, that is, to know God, is to have the life, and the Spirit of Godmanifestedin him.
Again, another, forming anopinion of faithfrom the letter of scripture, straightway imagines, that he knows what faith is, and that he isin the faith. Sad delusion! For to know what faith is, or that we are in the faith, is to know that Christ is in us of a truth; it is to know the power of hislife, his death, his resurrection and ascension, made good in our souls. To be in the faith, is to have done with notions about it, because it is felt by its living power and fruits within us, which arerighteousness,peace, andjoyin the Holy Ghost.
Would you divinely know the mysteries of grace and salvation? Let divine love work within you. Without this, be as learned and polite as you will, your heart is but the dark heart of fallenAdam, and your knowledge of the kingdom of God, will be only like that which murderingCainhad.—If love is not the spirit that forms and governs every thing that proceeds from you, every thing that has your labour, your allowance and consent; you are broken off from the works of God, you are without God, and your name and nature and works, can have no other name, or nature, but pride, wrath, envy, hypocrisy, hatred, revenge and self-exaltation.—Nothing can possibly save you from being the certain prey of all these evil spirits, but that love, which is God himself, his light, and spirit within you.
But now, since divine love can have no beginning, but from the divine nature in us, therefore saithSt.John, we love him, because he FIRST loved us: the same as saying, we desire God, because he first desired us; for we could not desire God, but because he first desired us, we could not turn to God, but because he first turned to us.
*Believe me then, thou great scholar, that all thou hast got of wisdom or learning, day after day, in any other school but this, will stand thee in as much stead, fill thee with as high comfort at the hour of death, as all the dreams which night after night, thou hast ever had in thy sleep.—And till a man knows this, with as much fullness of conviction, as he knows the vanity of a dream, he is not yet in the light of truth, not yettaught of God.
Behold your state ye ministers, that wait at Christian altars, who have neither faith, nor hope, nor desire ofheavenly firekindled in your souls; ye have a priesthood, and an altar not fit to be named with that, which in Jewish days, had an holy fire from God, descending upon it, which made priest and sacrifice acceptable to God, though only a type of that inward celestial fire, which Christ would kindle into a never-ceasing burning, in the living temples of his new-born children.
Complain then no more of atheists, infidels, and open enemies to the gospel kingdom of God; for whilst you call heavenly fire and spirit, downright phrensy, and mystic madness, you do all that infidel work within the church, which they do on the outside of it.—And if through a learned fear of having that done to your earthly reason, which was done toEnochwhen Godtook him, ye will own no higher a regeneration, than a few cold drops of water sprinkled on the face,any of the Heathen gods of wood and stone, are good enough for such anelementarypriesthood.—For let this be told you, as a truth from God, that tillheavenly fire and spiritare within you, you can rise no higher by your highest learning, than to be elegant orators about scripture words. What wonder then, if sacraments, church-prayers, and preachings, leave high and low, learned and unlearned, priests and people, as unaltered in all their aged vices, as they leave children unchanged in their childish follies? For where theonlyfountain of life and goodness is forsaken, all the difference between man and man, is as nothing with respect to the kingdom of God.—It matters not what name is given to the old man, whether he be called a zealouschurchman, a stiff-neckedJew, a politeHeathen, or a graveinfidel: under all these names, he has but one and the same nature, without any other difference but that, whichtimeandplace,education,complexion, andworldly wisdom, happen to make. By such a one, whether he be Papist or Protestant, the gospel is onlykept, as a book, and all that is within it, is only so much condemnation to the keeper, just as the old man, aJew, hath kept the book of the law and prophets, only to be more fully condemned by them.
That the Jewish and Christian church, stand at this day in thesame kindof♦apostasy, or fallen state, must be manifest to every one that will not shut his eyes. Why are the Jews in a fallenstate? It is because they have refused him, who in his whole process, was the truth, the substance, the life, and fulfilling of all that, which was outwardly taught, in their law and prophets.
♦“apostacy” replaced with “apostasy”
♦“apostacy” replaced with “apostasy”
♦“apostacy” replaced with “apostasy”
But is it not as easy to see, that the whole Christian church are in a fallen state, and for the same reason, because they are turned away from that holy Spirit who was given to be theonlylife, and fulfilling of all that, which wasoutwardlytaught by the gospel. For the holy Spirit to come, was the same FULFILLING of the whole gospel, as a Christ to come, was thefulfillingof the law.—The Jew therefore with his Old Testament, not owning Christ to be the truth and life, and fulfiller of their law, is in that same apostasy as the Christian with his New Testament, not owning the holy Spirit, to be his only light, guide, and governor.—For as all types in the law, were but empty shadows without Christ’s being the life and power of them, so all that is written in the gospel is but dead letter, unless the holy Spirit be, the living rememberer, and the doer of them. Therefore where the holy Spirit is not thus received, as thewhole power, and life of the gospel-state, it is no marvel, that Christians have no more of gospel virtues, than the Jews have of patriarchal holiness, or that the same vices which prosper amongst Jews, should break forth with as much strength in fallen Christendom. For the New Testament not ending in the coming of the holy Spirit,with fulness of power over sin and hell, and the devil, is no better a help toheaven, than the Old Testament without the coming of a Messiah.
But here lies the great mistake, or rather idolatrous abuse of all God’s outward dispensations.—They are taken for the thing itself, for the truth and essence of religion. That which the learned Jews did with the outward letter of their law, the learned Christians do with the outward letter of their gospel.—Why did the Jewish church so furiously cry out against Christ, Let him be crucified? It was because their letter-learned ears, their worldly Spirit, and temple orthodoxy, would not bear to hear of an inward Saviour, of being born again of his Spirit, of his dwelling in them, and they in him.—To have their law of ordinances, their temple-pompsunkinto such afulfillingSaviour as this, was such enthusiastic jargon to their ears, as forced their sober, rational theology, to call Christ, Beelzebub, and his doctrine blasphemy.
Our blessed Lord in a parable sets forth the blind Jews, as saying of himself,We will not have this man to reign OVER us.—The sober minded Christian scholar has none of this Jewish blindness, he only saith of Christ, we will not have this man to REIGN IN US, and so keeps clear of such absurdity, asSt.Paulfell into, when he enthusiastically said,Yet not I, but Christ that liveth in me.
Christian doctors reproach the old learned rabbies, for their vain faith, and carnal desire of aglorious outwardChrist, who should set up their temple-worship all over the world.—Vanity indeed, and blindness enough!
*But nevertheless, in these condemners of rabbinic blindness,St.Paul’s words are remarkably verified,viz.Wherein thou judgest another, thou condemnest thyself, for thou that judgest, dost the same thing.—For, take away all that from Christ, which Christian doctors call enthusiasm, suppose him to be only anoutward distantheavenly prince, no more really in us, than our high cathedrals are in thethird heavens, but only by an invisible hand from his throne on high, some way or other raising and helpinggreat scholars, or greattemporalpowers, to make a rock in every nation for his church to stand upon; suppose all this (which is the very marrow of modern divinity) and then you have that veryoutwardChrist, and that veryoutwardkingdom; which the carnal Jew dreamed of, and for the sake of which, the spiritual Christ was then nailed to the cross, and is still crucified by the new-rising Jew in the Christian church.
Let then the eager searcher intowordsfor wisdom, the book-devourer, the opinion-broker, the exalter of human reason, and every projecting builder of religious systems, be told, that the thirst and pride of beinglearnedly wisein the things of God, is keeping up the grossest ignoranceof them, and is nothing else butEve’s old serpent, and does no better work in the church of Christ, than her thirst after wisdom did in the paradise of God.—Speak, Lord, for thy servant heareth, is the only way, by which any man ever did, or ever can attain divine knowledge, and divine goodness.—To knock at any other door, is like asking life of that, which is itself dead, or praying to him for bread, who has nothing but stones to give.
Say not, that it is only theilliterateenthusiast, that condemns human learning in the gospel kingdom of God. For when he condemns the blindness and mischief of Popish logic and criticism, he has all the learned Protestant world with him; and when he lays the same charge to the Protestant learning, he has a much larger kingdom of Popish great scholars, affirming the same thing. So that the private person, charging human learning with so much mischief to the church, is so far from being led byenthusiasm, that he is led by all thechurch-learningthat is in the world.
Again, all learned Christendom agrees in the same charge against temporal power in the church, as hurtful to every being, of akingdomthat is not of this world, as supporting doctrines that human learning has brought into it.——TheProtestantbrings proof from a thousand years learning, that thePopeis an unjust usurper oftemporal power in the church, Christ’s spiritual spouse.—The Papist brings the learning of as many ages, to shew, that a temporal head of the church, is an Anti-christian usurpation.—And yet (N. B.) he who holds Christ to be the onlyhead,heartandlifeof the church, and that,no man can callJesus, Lord,but by the Holy Ghost, passes with the learned of both these people, for a brain-sick enthusiast.—Is it not then high time, to look out for some better ground to stand upon, than such learning as this? Now look where you will, through the whole nature of things, no divine knowledge, goodness, and deliverance from sin, are any where to be found for fallen man, but in thesetwo points; (1) a total entrance into thewhole processof Christ; (2) a total resignation to, and dependance upon the continual operation of the Holy Ghost, to be our never ceasing light, teacher, and guide into all those ways of virtue, in which he himself walked in the flesh.—All besides this, call it by what name you will, is but dead work, a vain labour of theold man, to new create himself.—Let the Christian world depart from thisoneway of salvation, let any thing else be trusted to, but thecrossof Christ, and theSpiritof Christ, and then, thoughchurches, andpreachersandprayers, andsacraments, are every where in plenty, yet nothing better can come of it than a Christian kingdom ofPagan vices, along with a mouth-belief ofan holy Catholic church, and communion of saints.—Tothis melancholy truth, all Christendom both at home and abroad, bears full witness. Who need be told, that there is no corruption of human nature, no kind of pride, wrath, envy, malice, and self-love; no sorts of hypocrisy, falseness, cursing, swearing, perjury, and cheating, no wantonness of lust in every kind of debauchery, but are as common all over Christendom, as towns and villages.—But to pass these by, I shall only instance intwo or three particulars, which though little observed, and less condemned, yet fully shew, that the devil is in possession of Protestant, as well as Popish churches.
Andfirst, can it be said, thatmammonis lessservedby Christians, than by Jews and Infidels? Or can there be a fuller proof, that Christians, Jews, and Infidels, are equally fallen from God, since truth itself hath told us, That wecannot serve God and mammon? Is not this as unalterable a truth, as if it had been said,Ye cannot serve God and Baal? Or can it be affirmed, that theMammonisthas more of Christ in him, than theBaalist, or is more or less an idolater for being called a Christian, a Jew, or an Infidel? Look now at all those particulars, which Christ charged upon the Jewish priests, Scribes, and Pharisees, and you will see them all acted over again in Christendom. And if God’s prophets were again in the world, they would have just the same complaints against thefallenChristian church, as they had against the old carnal stiff-necked Jews,namely, that of their silver and gold, they had made themselves idols, Hoseaviii.4. For though figured idol-gods of gold are not now worshipped either by Jews or Christians, yet silver and gold, with that which belongs to them, is the mammon-god, that sits and reigns in their hearts. How else could be that universal strife through all Christendom, who should stand in the richest and highest place, to preach up the humility of Christ, and offer spiritual sacrifices unto God? What God but mammon could put into the hearts of Christ’s ambassadors, to make, or want to make a gain of that gospel, which from the beginning to the end, means nothing else butseparationfrom every view, temper and affection, that has any connexion withthe lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life? Our blessed Lord said a word to the Jews, that might well have made their ears to tingle, when he told them, that theyhad made his Father’s house a den of thieves; because sheep and oxen were sold, and money-changers sitting in the outer court of the temple. Now if you will say, that mammon has brought forth no prophanation like this in our Christian church, your best proof must be this, because our church-sale is not oxen and sheep, but holy things, cures of souls, parsonages, vicarages,&c.and our money-changers, our buyers and sellers, are chiefly consecrated persons.
Look at things spiritual, and things temporal, and say if you can, that the same arts, the same passions, and worldly wisdom, are not as active in the one, as in the other. For if Christ at leaving the world, had said to his disciples, labour to be rich, make full provision for the flesh, be conformed to the world, court the favour and interest of great men, cloath yourselves with all the♦worldly honours, distinctions, and powers ye can get; I appeal to every man, whether Popish and Protestant churches need do any thing else, than that which theynowdo, to prove their faithfulness to such a master, and their full obedience to his precepts.
♦“wordly” replaced with “worldly”
♦“wordly” replaced with “worldly”
♦“wordly” replaced with “worldly”
Again,Secondly, Ye have heard, saith our Lord, that it hathbeen said by them of old; thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shall perform unto the Lord, thine oaths. ButI say unto you, swear not at all. But notwithstanding this, through town and country, in all ignorant villages, in all learned colleges, in all courts spiritual and temporal, what with law-oaths, corporation-oaths, office-oaths, trade-oaths, qualification-oaths, simony-oaths, bribery-oaths, election-oaths,&c.&c.&c.there is more swearing and for-swearing, than all history reports of any idol-worshipping nations. It was said of old,because of swearing, the land mourneth: It is full as true to say now, because of swearing, the land rejoiceth in iniquity, is full of prophaneness, and without any fear or awe of the divine Majesty, daily swallowingdown all manner of oaths, with as much serious reflection, as pot-companions swallow down their liquor.
But to proceed to a third instance of the full power of Antichrist, through every part of governing Christendom.
In the darkest ages of Romish superstition, a martial spirit of zeal for the gospel, broke forth in kings, cardinals, bishops, monks, and friars, to lead the sheep of Christ, saints, pilgrims, penitents, and sinners of all kinds, to proceed in battle array, to kill, devour, and drive the Turks from the land ofPalestine, and the old earthlyJerusalem. These blood-thirsty expeditions were called an holy war, because it was a fighting for the holy land; they were called also a croisade, because crucifixes made the greatest glitter amongst the sharpened instruments of human murder. Thus under the banner of the cross, went forth an army of church wolves, to destroy the lives of those, whom the Lamb of God died on the cross to save.
The light which broke out at the reformation, abhorred the bloody zeal of these Catholic heroes. But what followed from this new risen, reforming light, what came forth instead of theseholy crusades? Why wars, if possible, still more diabolical. Christian kingdoms with blood-thirsty piety, destroying, devouring and burning one another, for the sake of that which was called Popery, and that which was called Protestantism.
Now who can help seeing, that Satan, had here a much greater triumph over Christendom, than in all the holy wars that went before? For all that was then done, by such high-spirited fighters for oldJerusalem’s earth, could not be said to be done againstgospel-light, because not one in a thousand of these holy warriors was allowed to see what was in the gospel. But now, with the gospel open in every one’s hands, Papists and Protestants make open war against everydivine virtue, which can unite them with the Lamb of God, who taketh away the sins of the world; I say, against every divine virtue of the Lamb of God, for these arethe enemieswhich Christian war conquers. For there is not a virtue of gospel-goodness, but has its death-blow from it. Now fancy to yourself, Christ, after his divine sermon on the mount, putting himself at the head of a blood-thirsty army, orSt.Paulgoing forth with a squadron of fire and brimstone, to make more havock in human lives, than a devouring earthquake.
But if this be too blasphemous an absurdity to be supposed, what follows, but that the Christian who acts in the fury of war, acts in full contrariety to the whole nature of Christ, and can no more be said to be led by his Spirit, than those his enemies, whocame forth with swords and staves to take him.
When aMost Christian Majestywith his Catholic church, sings aTe Deumat the high altar,for rivers of Protestant blood poured out; or an evangelic church sings praise to the holy Lamb of God, for helping them from his holy throne in heaven, to make Popish towns like to Sodom and Gomorrah, they blaspheme God, as much asCainwould have done, had he offered a sacrifice of praise to God, for helping him to murder his brother. Let such worshippers of God be told, that the field of blood gives all its glory to Satan, who was a murderer from the beginning, and will to the end of his reign, be the only receiver of all the glory, that can come from it.
A gloriousAlexanderin the Heathen world, is a shame and reproach to human nature, and does more mischief to mankind in a few years, than all wild beasts have done from the beginning of the world. But the same hero making the same ravage from country to country with Christian soldiers, has more thanks from the devil, than twenty PaganAlexanders. To make men kill men, is meat and drink to their roaring adversary, who goeth about seeking whom he may devour. But to make Christians kill Christians for the sake of Christ’s church, is his highest triumph over the highest mark, which Christ hath set upon those whom he has purchased by his blood.This commandment, saith he,I give unto you, that ye love one another. By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye love one another as I have loved you.
Can theduellist, who had rather sheath his sword in the bowels of his brother, than stifle that which he calls an affront, can he be said to have this mark of his belonging to Christ? Now, what is the difference between the haughty duellist meeting his adversary with sword and pistol behind a hedge, and two kingdoms with their high-spirited regiments slaughtering one another in the field of battle? It is the difference that is between the murder of one man, and the murder of an hundred thousand.
Now imagine the duellistfastingandconfessinghis sins to God to-day, because he is engaged to fight his brother to-morrow; fancy again the conqueror got into his closet, on his bended knees, lifting up hands and heart to God, for blessing his weapons with the death of his brother; and then you have a pictured inlittleof great piety, that begins and ends the wars all over heavenly Christendom!
What blindness can be greater, than to think that a Christian kingdom, can have any other goodness, or union with Christ, but that very goodness, which makes the private Christian to be one with him, and a partaker of the divine nature? Or that pride, wrath, ambition, envy, covetousness, rapine, revenge, hatred, and murder, are only theworks of the devil, whilst they are committed by private, or single men; but when carried on by all the strength and authority, all the hearts, hands, and voices of a wholenation, that the devil is then quite driven out of them, loses all his right and power in them, and they become holy matter of church thanksgivings, and the sacred oratory of pulpits?
Look at that which the private Christian is to do to his neighbour, or his enemy, and you see that very thing, which one Christian kingdom is to do to another.
Now suppose a man, redeemed from his fallen nature, by Christ formed in his soul, and then he can no more be hired to kill men gloriously in the field, than to carry a dark lanthorn by night to apowder-plot.
The temporal miseries which war carries along with it, wherever it goes, are neither to be numbered nor expressed. What thievery bears any proportion to that, which with the boldness of drum and trumpet, plunders the innocent of all that they have? And if themselves are left alive, with all their limbs, or their daughters unravished, they have many times, only the ashes of their consumed houses to lie down upon. What honour has war not gotten, from its tens and tens of hundreds of thousands of men slaughtered on heaps, with as little regret or concern, as at loads of rubbish thrown into a pit? Who, but the fiery dragon, would put wreaths of laurel, on such heroes heads? Who but he, could say unto them,Well done, good and faithful servants?
But there is still an evil of war much greater, though less regarded. Who reflects, how many hundreds of thousands, nay millions ofyoung men, born into this world for no other end, but that they may be born again, and from sons ofAdam’s misery, become sons of God, and fellow-heirs with Christ in everlasting glory; who reflects, I say, what nameless numbers of these, are robbed of God’s precious gift of life, before they have known the sole benefit of living; who are not suffered to stay in this world, till age and experience have done their best for them, have helped them to know the inward voice of God’s Spirit, helped them to find, and feel that curse, and sting of sin and death, which must be taken from within them, before they can die the death of the righteous; but instead of this, have been either forced, or tempted in the fire of youth, and full of strength of sinful lusts, to forget God, eternity, and their own souls, and rush into a kill or be killed, with as much furious haste, and goodness of spirit, astigerkillstigerfor the sake of his prey?
That God’s providence over his fallen creatures, is a providence of love and salvation, turning through ways of infinite wisdom, sooner or later, all kinds of evil intogood, making that which was lost to be found, that which was dead, to be alive again; not willing that one single sinner should want that, which can savehim from eternal death, is a truth as certain, as that God’s name is, I AM that I AM.
Amongst the unfallen creatures in heaven, God’s name and nature, is LOVE, LIGHT, and GLORY. To the fallen sons ofAdam, that which waslove,light, andgloryin heaven, becomes infinite PITY and COMPASSION on earth, in a God, cloathed with the nature of his fallen creature, bearing all its infirmities, entering into all its troubles, and in meek innocence, living a life, and dying a death, of all the sufferings due to sin. Hence it was, that when this DIVINE PITY suffered its own life-giving blood to be poured on the ground, all outward nature made full declaration of its atoning, and redeeming power; the strength of the earth did quake, the hardness of rocks was forced to split, and long-covered graves to give up their dead. A certain presage, that all kinds of hellishwrath,malice,pride,envy, and earthlypassions, which kept men under the power of Satan, must have the fullness of death, from that all powerful, all purifying blood of the Lamb, which will never cease washing RED into white, till all the sons ofAdamare fit for their several mansions in their heavenly Father’s house.
Sing, O ye heavens, and shout all the lower parts of the earth, for this is OUR GOD that varies not, whose first creating love knows no change, but into aredeeming pitytowards all his fallen creatures.
*Look now atwarring Christendom, what smallest drop of pity towards sinners is to be found in it? Or how could a spirit all hellish, more fully contrive and hasten their destruction? It stirs up every passion of fallen nature, that is contrary to the humble, meek, loving, forgiving, Spirit of Christ. It drives, and compels nameless numbers of unconverted sinners to fall, murdering and murdered, among flashes of fire, with the wrath and swiftness of lightning, into a fire infinitely worse than that in which they died. O sad subject for thanksgiving days, whether in Popish, or Protestant churches! For if there is a joy of all the angels in heaven, forone sinnerthat repenteth, what a joy must there be in hell over such multitudes of sinners, not suffered to repent? And if they who haveconverted many to righteousness, shall shine as the stars in the firmament for ever, what woe may they not fear, whose proud wrath and vain glory, have robbed such numberless troops of poor wretches, of all time and place of knowing what righteousness they wanted, for the salvation of their immortal souls!
*Here my pen trembles in my hand; but when, O when will one single Christian church, people, or language, tremble at the share they have in this death of sinners!
*For the GLORY OF HIS MAJESTY’S ARMS, said once aMost Christian King: Now if, at that time, his Catholic church had called asolemn assembly to unite hearts and voices in this pious prayer, “O blessed Jesus, dear redeeming Lamb of God, who camest down from heaven, to save mens lives, and not destroy them, go along we humbly pray thee, with our bomb-vessels and fire-ships, suffer not our thundering cannon to roar in vain, but let thy tender hand of love and mercy, directtheirballs to more heads and hearts of thine own redeemed creatures, than the poor skill of man is able of itself to do.” Had such prayers had more of theson of perditionin them, than the Most Christian King’s glorying in his arms?
*Again, would you farther see the fall of the universal church, look at allEuropean Christendomsailing round the globe, with fire and sword, and every murdering art of war, to seize the possessions, and kill the inhabitants ofboth the Indies. What natural right of man, what supernatural virtue was not here trodden under foot? All that you ever read or heard of Heathen barbarity, was here outdone by Christian conquerors. And to this day, what wars of Christians against Christians, blended withscalpingHeathens, still keep staining theearthand theseaswith human blood, for a miserable share in the spoils of a plundered Heathen world! A world, which should have heard, or seen, or felt nothing from the followers of Christ, but a divine love, that had forced them from distant lands, and through the perils of long seas, to visit strangerswith those glad tidings of peace and salvation to all the world, which angels from heaven, and shepherds on earth, proclaimed at the birth of Christ.
*Here now, let thewisdom of this worldfrom its learned throne condemn all this asenthusiasm; it need be no trouble to anyone to be condemned by that wisdom, which God himself hath condemnedas foolishness. For the wisdom of this world hath all the contrariety todivine wisdom, that the flesh hath to the Spirit, earth to heaven, or damnation to salvation. It is a wisdom, whose Spirit and breath keep all the evil that is in fallen man alive, and which in its highest excellence, has only the full-grown nature of thatcarnal mind, which is at enmity against God. It is a wisdom, that turns all salvation-truths into empty, learned tales, that instead of helping the sinner to confess his sins,and feel the miserythat is hid under them, helps him to an art of hiding, nay of defending them; and so the poor blinded sinner, lives and dies in a total ignorance of that light, blessing, and salvation, which could only be had by a broken and contrite heart. For [N. B.] with respect to conscience, this is the chief office of worldly wisdom; it is to keep all things quiet in the old man, that whether busied in things spiritual or temporal, he may keep up the lusts of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, without any disturbance from religious phantoms, and dreams of idiots, who forwant of sober sense, and sound learning, think that Christ really meant what he said in these words,Except a man be born again, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God.
Now join (if you please) learning and religion to act in fellowship with this worldly wisdom, and then you will have a depravity of craft and subtlety, as high as flesh and blood can carry it, which will bring forth a glitteringPharisee, with a hardness of heart, greater than that of the sinner-publican.
This wisdomhath asked me, How it is possible for Christian kingdoms in the neighbourhood of one another, to preserve themselves, unless the strength and weapons of war, are every ones defence, against such invasions, incroachments, and robberies, as would otherwise be the fate of Christian kingdoms from one another?
This question is so far from needing to be answered by me, that it is wholly on my side; it confesses all, and proves all that I have said of the state of Christendom.—For if this is the governing spirit of Christian kingdoms, that no one of them can subsist in safety from its neighbour, but by its weapons of war, are not all Christian kingdoms equally in the sameunchristianstate, as two neighbouringbloody knaves, who cannot be safe from one another, but as their murdering arms protect them? This plea therefore for Christendom’s wars, proves nothing else but the want of Christianity all over the Christian world, andstands upon no better a foundation of righteousness, than when one murdering knave kills another, that would have killed him.
But to know whether Christianity wants, or admits of war, Christianity is to be considered in its right state.—Now the true state of the world turned Christian, is thus described by the great gospel-prophet. “They shall beat their swords into plow-shares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up its sword against nation, (N. B.) neither shall they learn war any more.”—This is the prophet’s true Christendom, with the same essential mark set upon it, as when the Lamb of God said,By thisshall all menknow, ye are my disciples,if ye love one another as I have loved you.
Would you see when and where the kingdoms of this world are become a kingdom of God, the prophet tells you that it isthenandtherewhere all enmity ceaseth.—“The wolf, saith he, shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid. The calf and the young lion and the fatling together, and a little child shall lead them. The cow and the bear shall feed, and their young ones shall lie down together, and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. The sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice’s den.”—For, N. B.they shall notHURT or DESTROYin all my holy mountain,that is, through all holy Christendom.Isaiahxi.6.
See here a kingdom of God on the earth; is nothing else but a kingdom of mere love, where all HURT and DESTROYING is done away, and every work of enmity changed into heavenly love.
As to the present state of Christendom, working under the spirit and power of the great fiery dragon, it is not my intention, to shew how any part of it can preserve itself from being devoured by every other part, but by its own dragon weapons.
But the Christendom I mean, that neither wants, nor allows of war, is only that where Christ is King, and his holy Spirit the governor of the wills, affections, and designs of all that belong to it.—It is my charge upon all the nations of Christendom, that this necessity of murdering arms, is the dragon’smonster, that is equally brought forth by all and every part of fallen Christendom; and that therefore all and every part, as well Popish as Protestant, are at the same distance from the Spirit of their Lord, and therefore all want the same entire reformation.
In these last ages of Christendom, many reformations have taken place; but alas! Truth must be forced to say, that they have been in all their variety, little better than so many lesserBabelscome out ofBabylonthe great.—For among allthe reformers, the one only true reformation hath never yet been thought of.
The wisdom of this world, with its worldly spirit, was the only thing that had overcome the church, and had carried it into captivity. For in captivity it certainly is, as soon as it is turned into a kingdom of this world. Not a false doctrine, not a bad discipline, or corrupt practice ever prevailed in the church, but had its birth from worldly wisdom.
This wisdom, was the great evil root, at which the reforming axe should have been laid and must be laid, before the church can be again that virgin spouse of Christ, which it was at the beginning.
If therefore you take any thing to be church-reformation, but a full departure from the wisdom of this world, or any thing to be your entrance into a salvation-church, but thenatureandSpiritof Christ, in you, then, whether Papist or Protestant, all will be just as much good to you, as when a Sadducee turns Publican, or a Publican a Pharisee.—And here it is well to be observed, that the church of Christ is solely for this end, to make us holy as he is holy. But nothing can do this, but that which hath power to change a sinner into a saint. And he who has not foundthat powerin the church, may be assured, that he is not yet a true son of the church.
But this can only be done, just as the change of night into day is done, or as the darkness islost in the light.—Something as contrary to the whole nature of sin, as light is to darkness, and as powerful over it, as the light is powerful over darkness, can alone do this.—Creeds, canons, articles of religion, stately churches, learned priests, singing, preaching, and praying in the best contrived form of words can no more raise a dead sinner into a living saint, than afine systemof light and colours can change the night into day.
On this ground it is that the apostle said,Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing; and on the same ground it must be said, that Popery is nothing, and Protestantism is nothing, because all is nothing, as to salvation, but a sinner changed into a saint, or the apostle’s new creature.
Many are themarkswhich the learned have given us of the true church; but be that as it will, no man, whether learned or unlearned, can have any proof of his owntrue church-membership, but his being dead unto all sin, and alive unto all righteousness.—This cannot be more plainly told us, than in these words of our Lord,He that committeth sin, is the servant of sin; but surely that servant of sin, cannot at the same time be a living member of Christ’s body.—To suppose a man born again, yet under a necessity of continuing to sin, is as absurd as to suppose, that the true Christian is only to have so much of the nature of Christ, as is consistent with Satan’s stilldwelling in him.—If the Son, saith Christ,shall make you free, then ye shall be free indeed. What is this, but saying, if Christ is in you, a true freedom from all necessity of sinning is given you. Now if this cannot come to pass in the faithful follower of Christ, it must be, because both the willing and working of Christ in man, is too weak to overcome that which the devil willeth and worketh in him.—All this absurdity, and even blasphemy, is necessarily implied in that common doctrine of books and pulpits, that the Christian can never have done sinning, as long as he lives.
*Preachers and writers comfort the half Christians with telling them, that Godrequireth nota perfect, sinless obedience, butaccepteththe sincerity of our weak endeavours instead of it. Here, if ever, theblind lead the blind. ForSt.Paulcomparing the way of salvation to arace, saith,In a race all run, but ONE obtaineth the prize: so run that ye may obtain. Now ifPaulhad seeing eyes, must not they be blind, who teach, that God accepteth of allthat runin the religious race,and requireth notthat any shouldobtainthe prize. How easy was it to see, that the sincerity of our weak endeavours, was quite a different thing from that, which alone is, and can be therequiredperfection of our lives? The first, God accepteth, that is, beareth with. But why or how? Not because he seeketh orrequirethno more, but he beareth with them, because, thoughat a great distance from, they are making towards the perfection, or new creature, which heabsolutely requires, which is thefullness of the stature of Christ, and is that whichPaulsaith, is the ONE that obtaineth the prize.
*The pleader against perfection farther supports himself by saying, no man in the world, Christ excepted, was ever without sin. And so say I too; and with the apostle I also add,That if we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar. But then it is as true to say, that we makehim a liar, if we deny the possibility of our ever being freed from a necessity of sinning. For the same word of God saith,If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins, andto cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
*But surely he that is under a necessity of sinning, as long as he lives, can no more be said to be cleansed fromall unrighteousness, than a man who must be a cripple to his dying day, can be said to be cured ofall his lameness. What weaker conclusion can well be made, than to infer, that because Christ was the only man, that was born and lived free from sin, therefore no man on earth can be raised to a freedom from sinning; no better than concluding, that because ourRedeemercould not find us any thing butsinners, therefore he must of all necessity leave ussinners.
*The sober divine, who abhors the pride of Enthusiasts, saith of himself and all men, We arepoor, blind, imperfect creatures, all our natural faculties are perverted, corrupted, and out of their right state, and therefore nothing that is perfect can come from us, or be done by us. Truth enough! and the very same truth, as when the apostle saith,The natural man knoweth not the things that be of God. But what scripture ever required perfect works from this man, any more than it requires theEthiopianto change his skin? Or what an instructed divine must he be, who considers this old natural man, as the Christian, and therefore rejects Christian perfection, because thisold mancannot attain to it? What greater blindness than to appeal to our fallen state, in proof of a corruption, which we must have, when we are redeemed from it? Is this any wiser, than saying, that sin and corruption must be therewhereChrist is, because it isthere, where he is not?
*To what end do we pray, that thisday we may fall into no sin, if no such day can be had? But if sinning can be made to cease in us for one day, what can do this for us, but that which can do the same to-morrow? What benefit in praying, thatGod’s will may be done on earth, as it is in heaven, if the earth as long as it lasts, must have as many sinners, as it has men upon it? How vainly doesthe churchpray for the baptized person,that he may have power and strength to have victory, and to triumph against the devil, the world and the flesh, if this victorious triumph can neverbe obtained? If notwithstanding this baptism and prayer, he must continuecommittingsin, and so be a servant of sin, as long as he lives?
See howSt.Paulsets forth the true church.—Know ye not, that so many of us as were baptized into Jesus Christ, were baptized into his death? Therefore we are buried with him by baptism into death, that like as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in newness of life.—Here we have the one true church infallibly described.—He goes on.For if we have been planted together in the likeness of his death, we shall be also in the likeness of his resurrection.Therefore to be in Christ, or in his church, belongs to no one, but because the old man isput off, and the new man isput on.—The same thing is said again in these words;Knowing this, that our old man is crucified with him, that the body of sin might be destroyed, That (N. B.) HENCEFORTHwe should not serve sin.
Away then with all the tedious volumes of churchunity, churchpower, and churchsalvation. Ask neither a council ofTrent, nor a synod ofDort, nor anassemblyof divines, for a definition of the church. The apostle has given you, not a definition, but the unchangeable nature of it, in these words. But nowbeing made free from sin, and become servants to God, ye have your fruit unto holiness, and the end everlasting life. Therefore to be in the true church, and to be in Christa new creature which sinneth not, is the same thing.
*Look at all that is outward, and all that you then see, has no more of salvation in it, than the stars and elements. Look at all the good works you can think of, they have no goodness for you, but when the good Spirit of God is the doer of them. For all the outward works of religion may be done by thenatural man, he can observe all church duties, stick close to doctrines, and put on the semblance of every outward virtue; thus high can he go. But no Christian, till led by the Spirit of God, can go any higher than this outward formality; to which he can add nothing, but his own natural, fleshly zeal in the defence of it.My little children, saithSt.Paul,of whom I travail again in birth, till Christ be formed in you. This is the whole labour of an apostle to the end of the world. He has nothing to preach to sinners, but the absolute necessity, the true way, and the certain means of being born again. But if dropping this one thing he becomes a disputing reformer about words and opinions, and helps Christians to be zealously separated from one another, for the sake of being saved by different notions of faith, works, justification, or election, he has forgot his errand, and is become a blind leader of all who are blind enough to follow him.
The eternal Son of God came into the world, only for the sake of this new birth, to give Godthe glory of restoring it to all the dead sons of fallenAdam. All the mysteries of this incarnate, suffering, dying Son of God, all the price that he paid for our redemption, all the washings that we have from his all cleansing blood poured out for us, all the life that we receive from eating his flesh and drinking his blood, have their infinite value, their high glory, and amazing greatness in this, because nothing less than these supernatural mysteries of a God-man could raise a new creature out ofAdam’s death, which could be again a living temple, and habitation of the Spirit of God.
All that Christ was, did, suffered, dying in the flesh, and ascending into heaven, was for this sole end, to purchase for all his followers, a new birth, new life, and new light, in and by the Spirit of God restored to them, and living in them, as their support, comforter, and guide into all truth. And this was his word, LO, I AM WITH YOU ALWAY, EVEN UNTO THE END OF THE WORLD.