5.Pteroptochos paradoxus.G. R. Gray.

Pteroptochos rubecula,Kittl.Vog. von Chili, p. 7. pl. ii.Megalonyx rubecula,D’Orb. & Lafr.Mag. de Zool. 1837, p. 16.Megalonyx rufogularis,D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. pl. 7, f. 2.Leptonyx rubecula,D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Av. p. 196.

Pteroptochos rubecula,Kittl.Vog. von Chili, p. 7. pl. ii.

Megalonyx rubecula,D’Orb. & Lafr.Mag. de Zool. 1837, p. 16.

Megalonyx rufogularis,D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. pl. 7, f. 2.

Leptonyx rubecula,D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Av. p. 196.

This species appears to have nearly the same range with theP. Tarnii: its southern limit certainly extends as far as 47° south, but northward, where the forests cease, near Concepcion, I was unable to ascertain that this bird is ever met with, and Kittlitz has made the same remark. In Chiloe, where it is common, it is called by the Indian inhabitants the “Cheucau.” It frequents the most gloomy and retired spots within the damp forests. Sometimes, although the cry of the Cheucau is heard close by, a person may watch attentively and yet in vain; at other times, if he stands motionless, the red-breasted little bird will approach within a few feet, in the most familiar manner. It then busily hops about the entangled mass of rotting canes and branches, with its little tail cocked upwards. I opened the gizzard of several specimens; it was very muscular, and contained hard seeds, buds of plants, occasionally some insects, and vegetable fibres mixed with small stones. The Cheucau is held in superstitious fear by the Chilotans, on account of its strange and varied cries. There are three very distinct kinds:—one is called “chiduco,” and is an omen of good; another “huitreu,” which is extremely unfavourable; and a third, which I have forgotten. These words are given in imitation of its cries, and the natives are in some things absolutely governed by them. I have already stated that I was informed by the inhabitants that the Cheucau builds its nest amongst sticks close to the ground.

Troglodytes paradoxus,Kittl.Vog. von Chili, p. 12, pl. 5.—Id.Mem. de l’Acad. St. Peters. 1833, i. pl. 5.Malacorhynchus Chilensis,Kittl.Mem. de l’Acad. St. Peters. 1835, p. 527.Leptonyx paradoxus,D’Orb.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Av. p. 197.

Troglodytes paradoxus,Kittl.Vog. von Chili, p. 12, pl. 5.—Id.Mem. de l’Acad. St. Peters. 1833, i. pl. 5.

Malacorhynchus Chilensis,Kittl.Mem. de l’Acad. St. Peters. 1835, p. 527.

Leptonyx paradoxus,D’Orb.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Av. p. 197.

This species differs in a small degree from all the others of the genus: its claws are longer, tarsi shorter, and bill flattened at the top: in these, and some other respects, it approaches to Scytalopus. I may add, that from a greater degree of resemblance, especially in the feet,P. Tarniiandmegapodiusmay be ranked in one section, andP. albicollisandrubeculain another.

I procured specimens of theP. paradoxusboth from Valdivia and Chiloe; like theP. TarniiandP. rubeculait is confined to the regions of forest. Its habits are closely similar to those of the last species. I opened the gizzard of one at Valdivia, and found it full of large seeds and the remnants of insects. InChiloe, where it is much less common than the Cheucau, it is called by the inhabitants Cheuqui. Kittlitz procured specimens from Concepcion. He describes the cry which it utters over and over again, in the same high tone, as very singular, and more like that of a frog than of a bird.

Sylvia Magellanica,Lath.Index, ii. p. 528. ♀ Forst. Dr. No. 163. ♀Scytalopus fuscus,Gould, in Proc. of Zool. Soc. Part iv. 1836, p. 39. ♂——Jard. and Selb.Ill. Orn. New Ser. pl. 19. ♂Platyurus niger,Swains., Two Cent. and a Quarter, p. 323. ♂

Sylvia Magellanica,Lath.Index, ii. p. 528. ♀ Forst. Dr. No. 163. ♀

Scytalopus fuscus,Gould, in Proc. of Zool. Soc. Part iv. 1836, p. 39. ♂

——Jard. and Selb.Ill. Orn. New Ser. pl. 19. ♂

Platyurus niger,Swains., Two Cent. and a Quarter, p. 323. ♂

This bird has a wider range than the species of the foregoing and closely allied genus. It is common near Port Famine in Tierra del Fuego, and on the west coast in the thickly wooded islets of the Chonos Archipelago. I was assured by an intelligent collector that this bird is met with, though rarely, in central Chile; and Mr. Gould informs me, that he has received specimens from that country. It has found its way over to the Falkland Islands, where, instead of inhabiting forests, it frequents the coarse herbage and low bushes, which in most parts conceal the peaty surface of that island. In general appearance theScytalopus fuscusmight at first be mistaken for a Troglodytes, but in habits it is closely allied to the several species of Pteroptochos. In a skulking manner, with its little tail erect, it hops about the most entangled parts of the forests of Tierra del Fuego; but when near the outskirts, it every now and then pops out, and then quickly back again. It utters many loud and strange cries: to obtain a good view of it is not always easy, and still less so to make it fly. A specimen I procured at Chiloe had its upper mandible stronger and more arched, but differed in no other respect.

T. Magellanicus,Gould, in Proc. of Zool. Soc. Part iv. 1836, p. 88.

This bird has a considerable range. I procured specimens of it near Rio de Janeiro, on the banks of the Plata, throughout Patagonia, in Tierra del Fuego, where it is one of the commonest birds, and likewise in Central Chile: its habits resemble very closely those of the common Troglodytes of England. In the open country near Bahia Blanca it lived amongst the thickets and coarse herbage in the valleys; in Tierra del Fuego, in the outskirts of the forest. Its chirp is harsh. In Chile I saw one in October building its nest in a hole in a stone wall, in a situation such as would have been chosen by our Troglodytes.

2.Troglodytes platensis.Gmel.

I procured specimens of this bird from Bahia Blanca, in Northern Patagonia, and likewise from the Falkland Islands, where it is not uncommon. When first killed, its legs and beak appear of larger size, compared to its body, than in other species of this genus. In the Falkland Islands it lives, almost exclusively, close to the ground, in the coarse grass which springs from the peaty soil. I do not think I ever saw a bird which, when it chose to remain concealed, was so difficult to disturb. I have frequently marked one down to within a yard on the open grassy plain, and afterwards have endeavoured, quite in vain, by walking backwards and forwards, over the same spot, to obtain another sight of it.

S. humicola,Kittl.Mem. de l’Acad. St. Peters, i. pl. 6.—Id.Vog. von Chili, p. 13, pl. vi.

Not uncommon in the neighbourhood of Valparaiso. Kittlitz has well described its habits. He says it lives on the ground under thickets, that it is active in running about, and that it readily flies from bush to bush. It holds its tail upright; utters a shrill, quickly reiterated cry; feeds on insects; but Kittlitz found in the stomach chiefly grains and berries, with little stones. From these circumstances, he conceives that this bird shews some affinity with Pteroptochos, but I feel no doubt that in the form of its beak, wings, tail, manner of carrying the latter, kind of plumage, sound of voice and habits, the relationship is much closer with Eremobius, which perhaps it may be considered as representing on the Pacific side of the Cordillera. Its tongue is furnished with bristly points, but apparently is less deeply bifid than in the other species of Synallaxis or Limnornis. I obtained both sexes, but there is no difference in their plumage.

For the reason just given, I have put this species at the head of its genus, and therefore nearest to Eremobius, although it is impossible to represent by a linear arrangement, the multiplied relations between the following genera—Furnarius, Uppucerthia, Opetiorhynchus, Eremobius, Anumbius, Synallaxis, Limnornis, Oxyurus; and again, Rhynomya, Pteroptochos, Scytalopus, and Troglodytes, which, with the exception of the last, are strictly South American forms.

2.Synallaxis major.Gould.

Plate XXII.

S. olivaceo fuscus; infra fulvus albo distinctè maculatus; plumis singulis stria obscura centrali notatis; fronte rufo, remigibus fuscis, cinereo-fusco externè maculatis, tertiariis nigro fuscis apice margineque latè cinereo-fuscis; gulâ albâ, plumarum flavescentium serie fusco maculatarum circumdatâ.

Long. tot. 8 unc.;rost.1;alæ, 3¼;caudæ, 4;tarsi, 1.

Forehead rufous; crown of the head, back of the neck and back olive brown, with a conspicuous stripe of blackish brown down the centre of each feather; wing-coverts and lower part of the back olive brown, with a faint trace of the dark patch in the centre of each feather; primaries brown, margined externally with greyish brown; spurious wing and secondaries rufous tipped with brown; tertiaries blackish brown broadly margined and tipped with greyish brown; two centre tail feathers dark olive brown; the remainder blackish brown largely tipped with white; throat white encircled with a series of feathers of a buff colour spotted with dark brown; breast and all the under surface tawny indistinctly blotched with white; tarsi with a very pale blue tinge.

Habitat, Maldonado, north bank of La Plata. (June).

This bird is not very common. Those which I saw lived on the ground in dry and open places, and did not frequent the neighbourhood of lakes abounding with rushes or thickets, like the greater number of species of Synallaxis, and the allied genus Limnornis. The flight of this bird is peculiar, which seems chiefly due to the length of its elegantly acuminated tail. It sometimes alights and rests on the summit of a thistle or twig, a habit different from that of any species of the genus which I have seen. Its manner of living and feeding on the ground might have been suspected, from the length of the soft secondaries, like those of a lark or ofFurnarius cunicularius. The claws also of the front toes are produced and perhaps they are rather straighter than in other members of the family. The tongue is bifid and divided into bristly points. The nest, of which I have seen two, is very peculiar. It is cylindrical, about two feet long, and placed vertically in the middle of a thick bush in an exposed situation. It is made externally of prickly branches, and is very large compared with the size of the bird. The opening is at the upper extremity, from which a passage leads to the true nest, which is lined with feathers and hairs. There is a slight bend in the passage both at its exit and where it enters the nest.

Birds. Pl. 22.Synallaxis major.

Birds. Pl. 23.Synallaxis rufogularis.

3.Synallaxis rufogularis.Gould.

Plate XXIII.

S. olivaceo fuscus plumis singulis maculâ oblongâ fusco nigrâ; remigibus primariis secundariisque basi ferrugineo fuscis, apice nigro fuscis, flavescenti albo marginatis; lineâ superciliari, mento abdomineque medio flavescenti albis; gulâ ferrugineo fuscâ; pectore fulvescenti fusco, plumis singulis striâ pallidiore centrali ornatis.

Long. tot. 6½ unc.;rost.⅞;alæ, 3;caudæ, 3¼;tarsi, 1.

Head and all the upper surface and two centre tail feathers, brown, with a large oblong patch of brownish black down the centre of each feather; primaries, except the three outer ones, bounded posteriorly with an irregular line of black; secondaries, rusty brown at the base, and brown for the remainder of their length, margined all round with greyish olive; lateral tail feathers brownish black, largely tipped with tawny white; stripe from the nostrils over each eye, chin, and centre of the abdomen, pale buff; sides of the face and throat grey, with a spot of dark brown down the centre of each feather; in the centre of the throat, a patch of ferruginous brown; chest, pale brownish buff, with a fine pale stripe down each feather; bill and feet brown.

Habitat, Patagonia. (April.) Valparaiso. (September.)

These birds are not uncommon on the dry rocky mountains near Valparaiso, and in the valleys of southern Patagonia, where a few thickets grow. They hop actively about the withered herbage and low thickets, and often feed on the ground. The hind claw is weaker and straighter than in most of the other species of this genus.

S. maluroides.D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy de l’Amer. Mer. Ois. pl. xiv, f. 2. Mag. de Zool. 1837, Cl. 11, pl. 22.

My specimens were shot near Maldonado. Iris yellow; tarsi very pale coloured.

This species, as well as some others of Synallaxis, Anumbius, and Limnornis, live amongst reeds and other aquatic plants on the borders of lakes, and have the same general habits. I will, therefore, here describe them. They all have the power of crawling very quickly by the aid of their powerful claws and feet, as I soon discovered when they were not killed at once, for then it was scarcely possible to catch them. Their soft tail-feathers show signs of being used, but they never apply them, as the Certhias do, as a means of supporting their bodies. The tail-feathers were (at least during June) so loosely attached, that I seldom procured a specimen with all of them perfect; and I saw many (especially ofS. maluroides), flying about with no tail. All the species, or nearly all, utter anacute, but not loud, rapidly reiterated cry. They are active and busily seek for small insects, chiefly Coleoptera, in the coarse herbage. The iris in all is rusty red; the tongue is divided and terminates in bristly points. These reed birds, which are very numerous both in species and individuals, on the borders of lakes in the provinces north of the Plata, appear to supply in South America, the various Sylviæ, which frequent similar stations in Europe.

Plate XXIV.

S. supra fuscescenti cinereus, infra cinereo-fuscus; remigibus obscurè fuscis, basi obscurè rufis; caudæ plumis sex mediis nigro-fuscis, externis ferrugineis; genis gulâque flavescentibus, plumis singulis apice obscurè fuscis.

Long. tot. 6½ unc.;rost.¾;lalæ, 2½;caudæ, 3⅝;tarsi, ¾.

Head and all the upper surface, brown; primaries, dark brown, with the basal portions rufous; six central tail-feathers, blackish brown; the remainder ferruginous; sides of the face and throat yellowish, with the tip of each feather dark brown; the remainder of the under surface, greyish brown; bill and feet, dark brown.

Habitat, Patagonia.

My specimens were obtained at Bahia Blanca and at Santa Cruz, two extreme parts of Patagonia. It frequents the thinly scattered thickets on the arid plains: the hind claw of its foot is not produced as inS. rufogularis, and it lives less on the ground.

S. pallide rubro fusca; primariis secundariisque rufis apice fuscis; caudæ plumis quatuor mediis nigrescenti fuscis, duabus proximis ferrugineo fuscis internè nigrescenti-marginatis, duabus extimis ferrugineo fuscis; genis, gulâ abdomineque medio albescentibus; hypochondriis cinereis.

Long. tot. 5⁴⁄₁₂; unc.;rost.⁵⁄₁₂;alæ, 2³⁄₁₂;caudæ, ⅝;tarsi, ¹⁰⁄₁₂.

Head and all the upper surface pale reddish brown; primaries and secondaries, brown at the tip and rufous at the base; four central tail feathers, blackish brown; the next on each side rusty brown, margined internally with blackish brown; the two lateral feathers wholly rusty brown; sides of the face, throat, and centre of the abdomen, whitish; flanks cinereous; bill and feet brown.

Habitat, Port Desire, Patagonia. (January.)

Birds. Pl. 24.Synallaxis flavogularis.

This little bird frequents the thickets in the dry valleys near Port Desire. It often flies from bush to bush, and its habits are nearly like those of the rest of the genus. From its tail feathers, however, being little used, and the tarsi being slightly elongated, I suppose it lives chiefly on the ground. I may observe, that this species comes nearest toS. flavogularis, but that in the form of its tail, straightness of bill, and kind of plumage, it departs from Synallaxis, and approaches Eremobius.

S. Ægithaloides.Kittl.Mem. de l’Acad. 11. pl. vii.—Vog. von Chili, p. 15, pl. vii.

This bird is common throughout Patagonia and Central Chile, being found wherever thickets grow on a rocky or dry soil. It sometimes moves about in small flocks. Its habits, as Kittlitz remarks, resemble in many respects, those of a titmouse (Parus); but there is one remarkable point of difference, namely, that this bird is able torunvery quickly on the ground. It does not always do so, but often hops about with great activity; nevertheless, I repeat, I have distinctly seen it running very quickly amongst the thickets. When hopping from twig to twig, it does not use its long tail, any more than the long-tailed titmouse (Parus caudatus) of Europe. It utters a harsh, shrill, quickly reiterated cry, like so many other species of this genus and the allied ones. In Chile, I several times saw a very large cylindrical nest, built of prickly twigs of the mimosa, and placed in the middle of a thorn-bearing bush, with its mouth at the upper extremity; I was assured by the country people, that although so very large, it belonged to this little bird.[11]This kind of nidification, the habit of feeding on the ground, and the length of acuminated tail, are points of resemblance withS. major.

Synallaxis ruficapilla.Vieill.Gal. des Ois. pl. lxxiv.Parulus ruficeps.Spix.Av. Sp. Nov. tom. 1. p. 84, t. lxxxvi. f. 1, m. f. 2. fem.Sphenura ruficeps.Licht.Ver. p. 42.

Synallaxis ruficapilla.Vieill.Gal. des Ois. pl. lxxiv.

Parulus ruficeps.Spix.Av. Sp. Nov. tom. 1. p. 84, t. lxxxvi. f. 1, m. f. 2. fem.

Sphenura ruficeps.Licht.Ver. p. 42.

My specimens were obtained at Maldonado, (June) where it was rare, and at Buenos Ayres. Near Santa Fè, in Entre Rios, 3° northward, it was common: Spix found it near the Rio San Francisco in Brazil. Iris yellowish red; legs with faint tinge of blue; tongue terminated in bristly points, not deeply bifid. This Synallaxis approaches in characterAnumbius ruber. Habits similar to those ofS. maluroides.

Anumbius ruber.D’Orb. & Lafr.

Anumbius ruber.D’Orb. & Lafr.Mag. de Zool. 1838, p. 18.Furnarius ruber.Vieill.Ency. Meth. 514.Anumbi rouge.Azara, No. 220.

Anumbius ruber.D’Orb. & Lafr.Mag. de Zool. 1838, p. 18.

Furnarius ruber.Vieill.Ency. Meth. 514.

Anumbi rouge.Azara, No. 220.

Frequents reeds on the borders of lakes near Maldonado. Habits very similar to those ofSynallaxis maluroides, and likewise of the two species of Limnornis; to one of whichL. curvirostris, it is most closely allied in structure. Iris bright yellowish orange; tarsi, with faint tinge of blue; tongue divided on each side a little below the extreme point.

Rostrumcapitis longitudine seu longius, leviter a basi ad apicem arcuatum, lateraliter compressum, haud emarginatum; naribus magnis basalibus linearibus apertis aut partim operculo tectis: alæbrevissimæ rotundæ, plumis quarta, quinta sextaque ferè æqualibus et longissimis; caudarotundata et graduata, scapis aliquanto ultra radios productis; tarsimediocres, fortiter scutellati; halluce digito medio breviore, robusto, ungue robusto armato, digitis lateralibus ferè æqualibus, intermediis aliquanto brevioribus.

Plate XXVI.

L. pallide flavescenti fusca; cervice nigrescenti fusco; caudâ rufa; tectricibus primariis secundariisque fuscis rufo latè marginatis; fasciâ pone oculos, gulâ abdomineque flavescenti albis; hypochondriis fulvis.

Long. tot. 6²⁄₁₂ unc;rost.²⁄₁₂,alæ, 2⁶⁄₁₂caudæ, 2⁹⁄₁₂tarsi, ⁹⁄₁₂.

Crown of the head brown; the remainder of the upper surface, pale yellowish brown; tail rufous and acutely pointed; wing coverts, primaries and secondaries brown, broadly margined with rufous; stripe behind the eye, throat, and all the under surface buffy white; flanks tawny; bill lengthened, orange at the base, dark brown at the tip; iris rusty red; feet very pale coloured; claws whitish.

Habitat, Maldonado, La Plata. (June.)

This bird lives amongst the reeds on the borders of lakes. It often alights vertically on stems of plants, but in climbing does not use its tail: habits, generally similar to those ofSynallaxis maluroides.

Birds. Pl. 26.Limnornis rectirostris

Birds. Pl. 25.Limnornis curvirostris.

2.Limnornis curvirostris.Gould.

Plate XXV.

L. rufescenti-fusca; caudâ, remigiumque basibus pallidè: castaneo-fuscis, lineâ superciliari, genis, gulâ abdomineque albis; hypochondriis cervino tinctis.

Long. tot. 7 unc.,rost.1⅛;alæ, 2⁸⁄₁₂;caudæ, 3¹⁄₁₂;tarsi, ¹⁰⁄₁₂.

Head, all the upper surface, and wings reddish brown; tail and basal portion of the outer margins of the primaries and secondaries reddish chesnut brown; stripe over the eye, throat, and all the under surface white, tinged, especially on the flanks, with fawn colour; bill orange at the base, the tip brown; legs pale bluish; claws white; tongue bristled on the sides; near the extremity it is divided into little bristly points.

Habitat, Maldonado, La Plata. (June.)

This species frequents the same localities with the last, and I am unable to point out any difference in its habits. Of the two specimens collected, the beak of one is very nearly one-tenth of an inch longer than that of the other; but this is almost wholly due to the sharp point of the upper mandible projecting beyond the lower mandible in the one, whereas they are nearly equal in the other.

Synallaxis tupinieri.Less.Zool. de la Coqu. pl. 29. f. 1.Oxyurus ornatus.Swains.2 Cent, and ¼. p. 324.

Synallaxis tupinieri.Less.Zool. de la Coqu. pl. 29. f. 1.

Oxyurus ornatus.Swains.2 Cent, and ¼. p. 324.

This bird is perhaps the most abundant of any land species inhabiting Tierra del Fuego. It is common along the west coast, (and numerous in Chiloe,) even as far north as a degree south of Valparaiso; but the dry country and stunted woods of central Chile are not favourable to its increase. In the dark forests of Tierra del Fuego, both high up and low down, in the most gloomy, wet, and scarcely penetrable ravines, this little bird may be met with. No doubt, it appears more common than it really is, from its habit of following, with seeming curiosity, every person who enters these silent woods; continually uttering a harsh twitter, it flutters from tree to tree, within a few feet of the intruder’s face. It is far from wishing for the modest concealment of the creeper (Certhia familiaris); nor does it, like that bird, run up the trunks of trees, but industriously, after the manner of a willow wren, hops about and searches for insects on every twig and branch.

2.Oxyurus? dorso-maculatus.Gould.

Synallaxis dorso-maculata.D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Ois. pl. 14. f. 1.—— Mag. de Zool. 1837, Cl. 11. p. 21.

Synallaxis dorso-maculata.D’Orb. & Lafr.Voy. de l’Amer. Mer. Ois. pl. 14. f. 1.

—— Mag. de Zool. 1837, Cl. 11. p. 21.

My specimen was procured from Maldonado, (June), where it was not common. It frequents the same localities withSynallaxis maluroides, and the two species ofLimnornis, and has very similar habits with them. In structure, and in the general shade of its plumage, it is closely allied to the foregoing species, although differing from it in habits.

Rostrum capitis longitudine, aut longius, culmine recto, gonide ascendente, per omnes partes lateraliter compressum, durum et apice inemarginatum, naribus basalibus longitudinalibusque; alæ mediocres et subacuminatæ, plumis tertia, quarta et quinta æqualibus longissimisque; cauda mediocris, scapis ultra radios in spinas acutas productis; tarsi sub-breves, digitis unguibusque longis, his multum curvatis, digito externo valido et ferè digiti medii longitudine, digitis lateralibus inæqualibus, internis multum brevioribus.

Plate XXVII.

D. capite, dorsi parte superiore alisque nigrescenti fuscis, rubro-tinctis; primariis secundariisque subferrugineo fusco irregulariter marginatis, uropygio caudâque nitidè ferrugineis, gulâ pectoreque albis, abdomine medio rufescenti-fusco, singulis plumis ad apicem maculâ magnâ ovali albâ; hypochondriis saturatè rufis; rostro basi corneo, apice pedibusque nigro fuscis.

Long. tot. 6³⁄₁₂ unc.;rostri, 1¹⁄₁₂;alæ3;caudæ, 2⁹⁄₁₂;tarsi, ⁹⁄₁₂.

Head, upper part of the back and wings blackish brown, tinged with red; primaries and secondaries irregularly margined with dull rusty brown; rump and tail rich ferruginous; throat and chest white; feathers of the centre of the abdomen reddish brown, with a large oval spot of white near the tip of each feather; flanks deep rufous; bill horny at the base, the remainder and the feet blackish brown.

Habitat, Chiloe and Southern Chile.

Birds. Pl. 27.Dendrodramus leucosternus.

This bird is common in the forests of Chiloe, where, differently from theOxyurus tupinieri, it may constantly be seen running up the trunks of the lofty forest trees. Its manners appeared to me to resemble those ofCerthia familiaris. I found Coleopterous insects in its stomach. Its range does not appear to be extensive; Chiloe to the south, and some woods near Rancagua (a degree south of Valparaiso) were the extreme points where I met with it. The Dendrodramus is not found in Tierra del Fuego, where theO. tupinieriis so numerous. Mr. G. R. Gray remarks that this genus is very nearly allied to Dendroplex of Mr. Swainson.

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