Mr. Black proposes an amendment that the cadets be compelled to serve ten years,468.See Index, vol. I.Miller, Mr., moves the nomination of Van Buren,592.Missouri Compromise.—Message of President Polk,712.Morton, Marcus, on the adoption of the two-thirds rule in the democratic convention,591.Mutinyon board the brig Somers.See Somers.NNapoleon, his ideas of the art of war,572.Naval Academy.—Remarks,571;instructions of Virginia to her Senators in 1799,572;the Great Emperor's idea of the whole art of war,572;remark of Alison the historian,573;the lesson taught by the war of 1812,573;officers now made in schools, whether they have any vocation for the service or not,573;the finest naval officers the world over saw were bred in the merchant service,574;no naval victory of Great Britain over France had the least effect on the war,574;commerce wants no protection from men-of-war, except from piratical nations,574.Naval Pension System.—Annual bill for these pensions on its passage,265;abuse introduced by the act of 1837,265;four things done by that act,265;absorbed and bankrupted the fund,266;manner of the passage of this act,266;its power to resist correction,266;amendment moved to repeal the act of 1837,266;debate,266;lost,267;character of the vote,267;difference in the two parties always the same without regard to their name,267.Calhoun's remarks on confining all future pensioners to the act of 1800, &c.,267;"the act of 1837 was not only inexpedient, but something much worse,267;it is proposed to introduce new and extraordinary principles into our pension list,268;object of the amendment to correct a monstrous abuse,"268;remarks of Mr. Pierce on the abuses to which the pension law gave rise,168.Adams asks who were the authors of the act of 1837,269;reply of Mr. Thomas,269;manner in which the bill passed the House,269;losses sustained by the action of the House,270;the debates show in what manner legislation can be carried on under the silencing process of the previous question,270;no branch of the public service requires the reforming and retrenching hand of Congress more than the naval,270;its cost,270;fallen chiefly under the management of members from the sea-coast,270;compared with Great Britain,271.Nelson, John, Attorney General,569.Niles, John M., on the surrender of the deposits,36.North and South.—The working of the government on the two great Atlantic sections,131;complained of as unequal and oppressive,131;history of the complaint,131;commercial conventions at Augusta and Charleston,131;distribution of foreign imports before the Revolutionary war,131;in 1821,131;the difference,131;effects,132;points of complaint,131;foundation for them,132;remark of Madison,132;remedy proposed by the conventions,133;the point on which Southern discontent arose,133;separation as a remedy,133.OOregon.—Carrying and planting the Anglo-Saxon race on the shores of the Pacific took place at this time,468;an act of the people going forward without government aid or countenance,469;the action of the government was to endanger our title,469;first step of the treaty of joint occupation in 1818,469;the second false step, the extension of the treaty,469;third blunder, in omitting to settle it in the Ashburton treaty,469;fourth blunder, the recommendations of President Tyler to discountenance emigration by withholding land from the emigrants,469;the people saved the title thus endangered,469;a thousand emigrants in 1842,469;government attempts to discourage and Western members to encourage it,469;Senator Linn introduces a bill for the purpose,469;its provisions,469;remarks,470;McDuffie's remarks to show the worthlessness of the country,471;Calhoun opposes it on the ground of infractions of the treaty and danger of war—the difficulty and danger of defending a possession so remote,471;his course when Secretary of War,472.Senator Linn's remarks in reply,472;the effect of temporizing in Maine,473;losses of our citizens by ravages of Indians,473;backwardness to protect our own citizens contrasted with the readiness to expend untold amounts to protect our citizens engaged in foreign commerce, or to guard the freedom of the African negro,473;it is asked, why not give notice to terminate the treaty?474.Remarks of Mr. Benton on the clause allotting land,474;actual colonization going on at Columbia river, attended by every circumstance that indicated ownership and the design of a permanent settlement,474;our title,475;answer of the President to the call for the "informal conferences" which had taken place on the subject,476;the north bank of the Columbia river, the object of the British,476;bill passed,477;bill sent to the House,477;the effect intended to encourage settlers produced,477;a colony planted and grew up,477;it saved the territory,477.All agree that the title is in the United States,479;a division on the point of giving offence to England by granting the land to our settlers,479;has she a right to take offence? 479;the fear of Great Britain is pressed upon us at the same time her pacific disposition is enforced and insisted on,480;remarks of Ashburton, showing a want of inclination in the British Government to settle the Creole case,480;the objection of distance examined,481;also that of expense examined,481;another objection, the land clause,481;time is invoked as the agent which is to help us,481;time and negotiation have been bad agents for us in our controversies with Great Britain,482.Conventions of 1818 and 1828 provided for the joint occupation of the countries,624;impropriety of such engagements,624;motion to give notice to terminate the joint occupation,625;arguments in opposition,625;the talk of war alarmed the commercial interest, and looked upon the delivery of the notice as the signal for a disastrous depression of foreign trade,625;motion for the notice lost,625;omitted in the Ashburton treaty,660;references to the subject,660;taken up by Mr. Calhoun, and conducted in the only safe way of conducting negotiations,661;the negotiations come to a stand,661;declaration of the President's message,661;feeling in England,661;negotiations recommended by us as a means of avoiding war,662;the offer of 49° withdrawn,662;meeting of Congress and debate on the subject,662.Speech of Mr. Hayward on the line of 49° as the correct line,662;"the course pursued by the President in his offer,662;nothing improper in his repeating it,662;under no necessity to refuse the line of 49° if offered,"663;his speech expressive of the sentiments of the President,663;a demand made of him if he expressed the views of the President,663;a call to order,664;remarks on the President's position from the extreme members,665;advantages of concurring in the line of 49° if offered,665;the merits of the question discussed,666.Speech of Mr. Benton,667;"the true extent and nature of our territorial claims beyond the Rocky Mountains,"667;the assumption that we have a dividing line with Russia is a great mistake,667;circumstances of the convention of 1824,667;Great Britain and ourselves treated separately with Russia and with each other,668;we proposed that fifty-four forty should be the northern boundary for Great Britain,668;the line of Utrecht,669;items of testimony,669,670;note, containing a letter of Edward Everett,671;Frazer's River,671;Harmon's Journal,671;New Caledonia,671;ground taken by Mr. Monroe,672;their action,672;notice to terminate the joint occupation voted,673;amended in the Senate,674;character of the vote,674.Negotiations renewed,674;49° offered by England,674;quandary of the administration,674;advice of the Senate asked,674;a message with aprojetof a treaty, sent in upon the advice of Senator Benton,675;extract,675;treaty or no treaty depended on the Senate,676;advice of the Senate given in favor of 49°,676;treaty sent in,676;ratified,667;daily attack of the organ upon the Senators who were accomplishing the wishes of the President,676;Mr. Benton assailed,677;remarks,677.On the bill for the Oregon territorial government, Mr. Calhoun makes trial of his new doctrine,711;proofs of his support of the Missouri Compromise,711;motion of Mr. Hale,711;motion of Mr. Douglas,711;vote of Mr. Calhoun on it,711;bill passes both Houses,712;excitement of Mr. Calhoun,712;invocation to disunion,712;special message on the slavery agitation,712;extract,712.—See slavery agitation.Osceola, capture of,79.PPairing off, when first exhibited,178;a breach of the rules of the House,178;violation of the constitution,178;rebuked by J. Q. Adams,178;now a common practice,178;the early practice,178;leave always asked and obtained,178.Palmerston, Lord, his boldness,285.Paper Money Payments.—Crisis in the struggle between paper money and gold,406;recourse had to treasury notes reissuable,406;the government paid two-thirds in these notes and one-third in specie,406;Mr. Benton determines to resist,406;has protested a check drawn for compensation for a few days as Senator,406;his speech,406;"time come when every citizen will have to decide for himself,407;Hampden's resistance of the payment of ship money,407;there is no dispute about the fact, and the case is neither a first nor a solitary one,407;a war upon the currency of the constitution has been going on for many years,408;the remedy of the present disgraceful state of things is the point now to be attended to,408;here is a forced payment of paper, money,408;"offers a resolution,408.Payne, Mr., against the bill for the relief of Mrs. Harrison,258.Pickens, F. W., on the repeal of the compromise tariff,310.Pierce, Franklin, on the bill for the relief of Mrs. Harrison,260;on the abuses of the Pension Act,268.Poinsett, Joel R., Secretary at War,9.Polk, James K., chosen Speaker of the House,29;elected President,625.Administration, the longest address of the kind yet delivered,649;our title to Oregon asserted as clear and indisputable,649;the return voice from London equally positive on the other side,650;the cabinet,650;neither Mr. Calhoun nor any of his friends would take office under the administration,650;circumstances affecting the formation of the cabinet,650;message,657;Texas the leading topic,657;position of Mexico and the United States,657;causes of war against Mexico from injuries to our citizens,657;treaty of indemnity never complied with,658;the mission to Mexico, and the consequences of its failure,658.Negotiations relative to Oregon had come to a dead stand,658;state of the case,658;the finances and public debt,658;revision of the tariff recommended,659;revenue the object and protection to home industry the incident,659.Message at second session of the twenty-ninth Congress,677;greatly occupied with the Mexican war,677;the real beginning of the war,678;the conquered provinces governed under the law of nations,678;Mr. Benton's plan of conducting the war adopted,678;to carry the war straight to the city of Mexico,678;a higher rank than Major-General required to execute this plan,678;negotiation a part of the plan,678;Lieutenant-Generalship proposed,678;defeated in the Senate by Marcy, Walker, and Buchanan,679;overrules his cabinet relative to the conduct of the war with Mexico,693.His message at first session of the thirteenth Congress,703;gratifying intelligence to communicate,703;commissioner sent with the army,704;operations of a female to secure the absorption of Mexico and the assumption of her debts,704;extract from the message relative thereto,704;do. relative to the absorption of a part of Mexico,704;return to the line rejected from the message at a former session,705;reason,705;a wish of the slave interest,705;expenses of the government,705;the good working of the independent treasury system,705;special message on the slavery agitation,712;extract,712.Last message,724;extract relative to the Mexican war,724;remarks,724;extension of the Missouri Compromise recommended,724;various parties on the subject,725;finances,725;expenditures,725;decease of,737;first President put on the people without previous indication,737;faults of the administration, the faults of his cabinet,737;his will,738;the Mexican war,738;acquisition of Mexico,738.Porter, Alexander.—Decease of,569;eulogium by Col. Benton,569;early life,569;lawyer in lower Mississippi,570;Senator,570;his example,570;remarks,571.Porter, Commodore.—Decease of,491;his career—an illustration of the benefits of the cruising system,491;ardor for the service,492;the Essex frigate,492;her cruise towards the Grand Banks,492;capture of the Alert,492;cruise to Brazil,493;cruise in the Pacific Ocean,493;Valparaiso,493;prizes taken,494,495,496;capture of the Essex,497;end of the cruise,498;incidents of Porter's personal history,498;resignation,498;cause,498;features of his character,499.Porter, James Madison.—Secretary at war,579.Presidency.—Bold intrigue for.See Texas annexation.Presidential election of 1840.—The candidates,204;availability sought for by the opposition,204;Clay not available,204;submits himself to a convention,204;rule of the convention,204;the process,204;an embittered contest foreseen,205;influence of the money power,205;mode of operating,205;inducements addressed to the people,205;mass conventions,205;one at Dayton, Ohio,205;description,206;election carried by storm,206;result,206;belief of fraudulent votes,207.of 1844.—The candidates,625;the votes,625;the popular vote,625;causes of the difference in the popular vote,626;aid of Silas Wright,626;aid from the withdrawal of Mr. Tyler,626.of 1848.—Proceedings of the Baltimore convention,722;difficulties in the convention,722;the candidates,722;a third convention at Buffalo,723;three principles laid down,723;remarks on the unfortunate acceptance of Van Buren,723;result,723;its moral,724.Public Lands.—New States bound by contract not to interfere with the primary disposition of the public lands, nor to tax them while remaining unsold, nor for five years thereafter,125.The Graduation Bill,126;proposed for twelve years,126;reduction of price the principal feature,126;favorable auspices under which the bill comes,126;its original provisions,126;a measure emphatically for the benefit of the agricultural interest,126;bill passed in the Senate and failed in the House,126.Pre-emptive system,127;to secure the privilege of first purchase to the settler on any lands,127;moved to exclude unnaturalized foreigners from its benefits,127;remarks of Senator Benton,127;it proposes to make a distinction between aliens and citizens in the acquisition of property,127;who are the aliens it was proposed to affect,127;motion rejected,127;bill passed,127.Taxation of Public Land when sold.—Early sales on credit,127;time of exemption from taxation,128;change in 1821 to the cash system,128;modifications proposed,128;bill passed the Senate,128.Preston, William, on the annexation of Texas,94;on the slavery resolutions,139.Preston, William B., Secretary of the Navy,737.Princeton Steamship, explosion of her gun. (See explosion.)Proffit, George H., His nomination rejected in the Senate630.RRecess Committees, refusal of the House to allow.—The proposition,304;adopted,304;reconsideration moved,304;carried,304;laid on the table,304;a modification attempted,304;question raised on the words "to sit during recess,"305;no warrant found in the constitution,305;practical reasons against it,305;laid on the table finally,305.Revolt in Canada.—Its commencement,276;and progress,276;excitement on the border line,276;steps taken by the President,277;the fidelity and sternness with which all these lawless expeditions were suppressed by Van Buren,277;he discharged all the duties required,277;neutral relations preserved in the most trying circumstances,278;whole affair over, but the difficulty revived by an unexpected circumstance,278;stand made by insurgents on Navy Island,278;supplies carried by a small steamboat,278;attacked and destroyed when moored to the American shore,278;affidavit of the captain,278;report of the British officer,279;adds the crimes of impressment and abduction to all the other enormities,279;state of the parties reversed,279;part of the United States now to complain,279;communication of Mr. Forsyth to Mr. Fox,279;message of President Van Buren to Congress,279;extracts,279;feeling in Congress,280;