in,115; and notion of velocity,117;deals with equations,119.Mechanism, as system of nature,140;and relation between facts and laws,140f.;its view of simplicity,141;its influence on determinism,148,209;makes consciousness an epiphenomenon,152;and Lord Kelvin's theory of matter,207;Spinozistic,209; and coincidenceof causality with identity,210;meant to explain conduct,will control it,237.Metaphor, see Symbolical Representation.Method, of mean gradations,56,59,67,69;of minimum differences,64f.,69.Mill, on Hamilton,159n.,174n.;on distinct states of self,159; on free will,174.Mind, act of, see Act.Mind,articles in, quoted,29n.,46n.Minimum differences, method of,64f.,69.Mobility, and motion, in f.; eliminatedby science,115,228.Molière,Le Misanthropequoted,167.Monad, Leibniz on matter as,213,214.Motion, see also Movement: analysisof concept of,110f.; real only forconscious spectator,111; as mentalsynthesis, in,120; mobility and,111;of shooting star,111; confusedwith space in Eleatic paradox,113f.;intuition of,114; not derivable fromimmobilizes,115;no homogeneous element in,115;science eliminates mobility from,115,228,234;hypothetical acceleration of cosmic,116f.,193ff.;cannot be represented by mathematicalformulae,119f.,234;helps to form idea of homogeneousduration,124; Descartes andconservation of,151; and LordKelvin's theory of matter,206.Motives, actions explained by,148;and process of deliberation,158;act not determined by,158; Bainon conflict of,159; Fouillée onfreedom as a,160; choice without,shown at crisis,170.Movement, see also Motion: atomic,and intensity,6; molecular, andsensation,33,34; automatic andfree,33,35; in estimating sensationof weight,49f.; measurementof velocity of,107,117.Müller, Johann, nativistic theory of space,93.Multiplicity, inner,73; of conscious states,75ff.,90f.;of juxtaposition,75n.,162;of interpenetration,75n.,162;implied in number,76,80f.; implied in addition,85;two kinds of85f.,91,121,128,129;discrete,90,91,120f.,226;of number and of conscious states,91,121;continuous or qualitative,105,121,128,224,226,229,239;determinism rests on inaccurate conception of,143,173;associationism confuses the two kinds of,162f.;of psychic states as constituting duration,224;duration as qualitative,226,229.Music, and suggestion,15,44;duration and musical rhythm,100;increase of stimulus compared tomusical phrase,106; organizationof sensations compared to melodicphrase,111; strokes of clockcompared to musical phrase,127;consciousness compared to invisiblemusician,147.Nativist theory of space,93.Nature beauty in,14; comparedwith art,16; profoundly utilitarian,33;view taken by mechanismand dynamism,140f.; concretephenomena of, abolished,207;view of, as whimsical,212.Necessity, see also Determinism:mechanism cannot escape,140;asdeus ex machinain ancienthylozoism,214; and idea of force,216ff.Neiglick, his photometric experiments,52Noël, G., article on number and space,75n.Notes, why classified as higher and lower,45f.Noumenon, freedom as,232.Novelist, how effects produced,133,164,185.Number, natural series,2,80; definition of,75;article on space and,75n.;units of, identical,76;units of, distinct,77,226; impliesintuition of space,77ff.,83f.,225;both unit and synthesis of units,80f.;discontinuity of,82; processof forming a,82f.; why divisibleat will,83; subjective andobjective in,84; thought of as ajuxtaposition,85; inapplicable tomultiplicity of conscious states,87;and impenetrability of matter,89;those in daily use have emotionalequivalents,123; time as a,195,197;results from a compromise,226.Objective, definition of,83.Objectivity, of things,236.Objects, contrasted with progress,in,112,219; can be analysed,112;help to cut up our psychiclife,124f.; seem to live and growold,130; tend to fix changingfeelings,130; in human soulprocesses, not,131.Order, of succession, implies space,101f.Pain, and pity,18f.; as sign offuture reaction,33; intensity of,35f.;Darwin on,37; conceived as distinct thing,159.Paradox, the Eleatic,74,112f.,240.Parallelism, of physical and psychical series,146f.Paralysis, and feeling of effort,21,22.Past, no recurrence of,154,200f.,219,232,233,239.Paul, his prediction of Peter's action,184ff.Pendulum, counting oscillations of,104f.;what do oscillations of, measure,107ff;oscillations of, help to cut up ourpsychic life,109; spreads out undividedtension of spring,228.Permeation, see Interpenetration.Peter, Paul's prediction of his action,184ff.Photometric experiments,52ff.Physics, and sound-vibrations,46;and degrees of luminous intensity,52f.;interested in external cause,71;physical phenomena and law,202;Cartesian,207,208;Descartes' instantaneous,208;and forecasting of phenomena,222,230.Pillon, F., article on number and space,75n.Pitch, of a sound,44f.Plateau, his method of measuringluminous sensations,56.Plato, quoted,168; Platonic reminiscence,234.Pleasure, as sign of future reaction,33f.;and bodily inclination,38;keenness of, as inertia of organism,38;conceived as distinct thing,159.Poetry, how effects produced,15."Possible acts,"174f.,239.Postulate, Delbœuf's,60; Fechner's,60;fundamental, of psychophysics,65,70;underlying geometricalrepresentation of voluntary activity,179.Prediction, astronomical,117,192ff.,198;determinism and,173,183ff.,220;real duration and,183ff.; offuture actions,183ff.,229,239;probable and infallible,183f., andcharacter,184,172; hypotheticalcase of Peter and Paul,184ff.;all foreseeing as seeing,195,197,198;of phenomena, and physics,222,230.Prefiguring, of future phenomenon inpresent conditions,204ff.,210;two kinds of,204ff.,215; as inmathematics,204f.; as havingidea of possible future act,211f.Pressure, sensation of,47f.Process, motion as a, in; consciousstates not things but,131,196;misleading to substitute materialsymbol for,190; cannot beanalysed,219.Progress, motion as a, in; notdivisible,112; cannot be representedby geometrical figure,181;misleading to substitute materialsymbol for,190; psychic state asa,198; from idea to act,211.Providence, Descartes and grace of,208.Psychology, descriptive, limits of,139;sometimes misled by language,165;deals with intervals of durationand not their extremities,196;modern, and perception throughsubjective forms,222.Psychophysics, and measurement ofsensations,1,55ff.; measurementof intensity of light,52ff.; Delbœuf'sexperiments,52,56,58f.,67f.;method of mean gradations,56,59,67,69;method of minimum differences,64f.,69;Delbœuf's postulate,60; Weber's Law,60;all, involved in transition fromstimulus to amount of sensation,61;Fechner's Law,61f.; postulate of,65,70;fallacy of all,65f.,70;exaggerations of,225.Quality, interpreted as quantity or magnitude,9,13,39,42,43,48f.,51,58,69,70;sound as a,46;sensation of increase qualitative,48;intensity of light as a,50;variations in brightness qualitative,54;psychophysics attempts to measure,63;no point of contact with quantity,70;sensation as a,72,90; confusion withquantity invades whole series of psychicstates,74; space devoid of,95;qualitative multiplicity,105,121,128,224,226,229,239; sensationof mobility qualitative,112; qualitativedistinctions,121f.,204;counting as a qualitative progress,123;of quantity,123; strokes of a clockestimated by quality of musical phrase,127;time as,129; deep-seated conscious statesas pure,137f.,224; matter stripped ofconcrete,205; attempt to explain apparent,of matter,205; shape as, of matter,205;qualities of things set up as states,213;Leibniz and external,213; psychic phenomenaas pure,224; intensity as compromise betweenquantity and,225.Quantity, see also Magnitude: asapplied to inner states, I ff.; allegedtwo kinds of,3ff.,72,225; qualityinterpreted as,9,13,39,42,43,48f.,51,58,69,70; and musculareffort,20f.,25; of cause, transferredto quality of effect,42,70;pitch and,45,46; increase ofsensation as,48; difference betweenhues of a colour as,60;psychophysics makes intervals betweensensations into a,62,65,66,68f.;no point of contact betweenquality and,70; how quantitativerelations set up between sensations,71;quantitative distinctions,121f.,204; without quality,123;time as,129; cause of psychicphenomena as,224; quality assign of,224; intensity as compromisebetween quality and,225.Rage, Darwin on,29; James on,29.Reality, of space,91f.,95, no;two kinds of,97,110; real duration,110,125ff.,154; of facts fordynamism,141; of laws formechanism,141; time as a,155;attempt to produce, from algebraicalrelations,205; physicstreats sensations as signs of,223.Reason, beliefs adopted without,135;decisions taken without or against,170;in ancient hylozoism,214;the discursive,229,237; Kant'sdoctrine of the Practical,234;Critique of Pure,235.Refraction through space, self perceivedby,128,129,137,167,183,217,223;of "things in themselves," Kant's view,233.Renouvier, on freedom,237n.Representation, see Symbolical Representation.Resolution, how feeling leads to,133,171.Revue philosophique,referred to,52n.Revue scientifique,Tannery's criticismof Fechner in,67.Rhythm, connecting dancer and spectator,12;effect in music,14; in poetry,15;and architecture,15; Nature does not command,16;succession of conscious states compared to,100.Ribot, on attention and movements,27f.Richet, on pain,35f.; on disgust,36.Rood, on changes of hue,51.Saturation, of a colour,54.Scale, notes of, why classified ashigher and lower,45f.Science, eliminates duration fromtime and mobility from motion,115ff.,228;and hypothetical acceleration of motionsof universe,116,193ff.; attempts to do awaywith duration and causality,208f.;separates ideas of free effort andnecessary determination,218;attempts to measure intensivequantity,225; separates extensityand duration,228,230; mainobject of,230; could deal withtime if homogeneous,234.Scottish philosophers,72.Sculpture, ancient,15.Self, whole, reflected in each consciousstate,98,165; recovery of thefundamental,100,128,129,231,233,236,240; introduces distinctionsderived from external objectsinto its own states,109,125,237;superficial, with mutually externalstates,125,128,136,138,167,237;deep-seated, with interpenetratingstates,125,128,136,164,236;many conscious states never blendwith whole mass of,135,166,168;perceived by refraction throughspace,128,129,137,167,183,217,223;the two aspects of the,129ff.,137,231; tendency to formsecondary,138,166; not anassociation of terms,139,159ff.,164,165,226; recourse to livingand concrete, necessary to solveproblems of causality, freedom, etc.,139;activity of, cannot be comparedto that of any other force,143,216;perception of, through forms borrowedfrom external world,154,217,223;self-determination,165; parasitic, as resultof education,166; free decisionsspring from whole or fundamental,167,172,231,240; covered overwith crust of clean-cut psychicstates,167; does not intervene incarrying out every-day acts,168;uprush of deep-seated, at momentof crisis,169; distinction of psychicstates leads to mechanical conceptionof,171; constantly changingand growing,171,175f.; view of,involved in geometrical representationof process of deciding,176f.;infallible in affirming its immediateexperiences,183; as a free force,216,235; Kant put free, outside