FOOTNOTES:[1]Great Salt Lake, the ocean.[2]A boiling stream, near the mouth of the river Walkulla, in Florida.[3]Great wigwam, an Indian expression, signifying the council-house.[4]Muskets, which were termed "spears" by the Indians in the earlier part of their intercourse with the Europeans.[5]Great Medicine, Supreme Being; medicine simply means a spirit.[6]Backbone of the Great Spirit, the Alleghany Mountains.[7]The North Star, in their beautiful, poetical language, "the star which never moves," and "The Hunter's Star."[8]"Daughter of the Sun."—See the Traditioninfra.[9]Thunder, also called the "hissing of the Great Serpent."[10]The Indians think that echoes are the voice of a spirit.[11]The Magnolia, whose flowers are said to be poisonous.[12]Place of souls after death—the Indian elysium.[13]Region of Warm Winds—the South and South-west.[14]River of Rivers. Mississippi.[15]Great Lake, the ocean.[16]See the Tradition in the third volume.[17]Medicine means Spirit—Great Medicine, Great Spirit.[18]Burning Water, the river Walkulla, in Florida, near the source of which there is, or was, a burning spring. See the Tradition.[19]River of Fish, another name for Mississippi, from the Indian wordsnaemesa fish,sipu, a river.[20]Wahconda, Great Spirit, the Supreme Being.[21]Lenape wihittnck, the "river of Delawares," the Delaware.[22]Manitou, a subordinate spirit, or tutelar genius.[23]Miquon, William Penn, the Founder of Pennsylvania.[24]See the Tradition of the Fall of the Leni Lenape.[25]The cranberry.[26]It is a prevalent opinion with the savages, that the wolf cooks his meat before he eats it.[27]The different tribes are known by their manner of painting their war-clubs.[28]Lenape wihittuck, river of the Lenape.[29]La Hontan explains the meaning of the word thus: "Calumet, in general, signifies a pipe, being a Norman word, derived fromChalumeau." The definition displays, in a remarkable degree, the silliness of that writer. The savages do not understand this word. "The Pipe of Peace is called, in the Iroquois language,Ganondaoe, and by the other savages,Poayem." So says the accurate Carver.[30]The Indians always speak of the earth as a "great island."[31]The chesnut.[32]The Milky Way, the Galaxy.[33]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.[34]Wekolis—the whip-poor-will.[35]Thunder, sometimes called by the Indians,par excellence, "the Voice."[36]"Okkis"—protecting spirit. See note 1, page 195.[37]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.[38]The Spaniards, from whom the Indians first procured the horse. This great acquisition is referred to in many of their traditions. See "The Wahconda's Son," &c.[39]Song Sparrow—Fringilla melodica.[40]Serpent's hiss, the thunder. See note 5, p. 167.[41]The North Star.[42]Clear sky, domestic peace, absence of family brawls.[43]The Indian warriors shave off all their hair, except a single lock on the top, of the head, which is left for the enemy to take the scalp, in case he overcomes.[44]Maize, Indian corn—"Cobbett's corn."[45]The tree-toad is an object that impresses the Indians with great fear.[46]Rocky Mountains.[47]The Indians suppose the shooting of stars to be occasioned by spirits who are at war with the moon, and assail her in this way.[48]See the description of this dance in a note to The Expedition of the Lenni Lenape in vol. ii.[49]Many of the Indians suppose that the God of the Waters (Michabou) resides in the Cataract of St. Anthony.[50]They (the Chepewyans) have some faint notion of transmigration of the soul; so that if a child be born with teeth, they instantly imagine, from its premature appearance, that it bears a resemblance to some person who had lived to an advanced age, and that he has assumed a renovated life, with these extraordinary symptoms.—Mackenzie, cxix.[51]See note 4, p. 306 of this vol.[52]This month (November) is sometimes called by them the "Beaver-Moon," being the month in which they commence their hunt of that animal.[53]The war-clubs.[54]Black paint, as I have before observed, the symbol among the Indians of belligerent intentions.[55]A fat dog is the chief and sometimes the only dish at the feast, preparatory to a war expedition. This animal is sacred to Areskoui, or the God of War.[56]Salt.[57]Theaurora borealis, or "northern light," as my readers know, is usually attended by a whizzing sound, somewhat resembling laughter.
[1]Great Salt Lake, the ocean.
[1]Great Salt Lake, the ocean.
[2]A boiling stream, near the mouth of the river Walkulla, in Florida.
[2]A boiling stream, near the mouth of the river Walkulla, in Florida.
[3]Great wigwam, an Indian expression, signifying the council-house.
[3]Great wigwam, an Indian expression, signifying the council-house.
[4]Muskets, which were termed "spears" by the Indians in the earlier part of their intercourse with the Europeans.
[4]Muskets, which were termed "spears" by the Indians in the earlier part of their intercourse with the Europeans.
[5]Great Medicine, Supreme Being; medicine simply means a spirit.
[5]Great Medicine, Supreme Being; medicine simply means a spirit.
[6]Backbone of the Great Spirit, the Alleghany Mountains.
[6]Backbone of the Great Spirit, the Alleghany Mountains.
[7]The North Star, in their beautiful, poetical language, "the star which never moves," and "The Hunter's Star."
[7]The North Star, in their beautiful, poetical language, "the star which never moves," and "The Hunter's Star."
[8]"Daughter of the Sun."—See the Traditioninfra.
[8]"Daughter of the Sun."—See the Traditioninfra.
[9]Thunder, also called the "hissing of the Great Serpent."
[9]Thunder, also called the "hissing of the Great Serpent."
[10]The Indians think that echoes are the voice of a spirit.
[10]The Indians think that echoes are the voice of a spirit.
[11]The Magnolia, whose flowers are said to be poisonous.
[11]The Magnolia, whose flowers are said to be poisonous.
[12]Place of souls after death—the Indian elysium.
[12]Place of souls after death—the Indian elysium.
[13]Region of Warm Winds—the South and South-west.
[13]Region of Warm Winds—the South and South-west.
[14]River of Rivers. Mississippi.
[14]River of Rivers. Mississippi.
[15]Great Lake, the ocean.
[15]Great Lake, the ocean.
[16]See the Tradition in the third volume.
[16]See the Tradition in the third volume.
[17]Medicine means Spirit—Great Medicine, Great Spirit.
[17]Medicine means Spirit—Great Medicine, Great Spirit.
[18]Burning Water, the river Walkulla, in Florida, near the source of which there is, or was, a burning spring. See the Tradition.
[18]Burning Water, the river Walkulla, in Florida, near the source of which there is, or was, a burning spring. See the Tradition.
[19]River of Fish, another name for Mississippi, from the Indian wordsnaemesa fish,sipu, a river.
[19]River of Fish, another name for Mississippi, from the Indian wordsnaemesa fish,sipu, a river.
[20]Wahconda, Great Spirit, the Supreme Being.
[20]Wahconda, Great Spirit, the Supreme Being.
[21]Lenape wihittnck, the "river of Delawares," the Delaware.
[21]Lenape wihittnck, the "river of Delawares," the Delaware.
[22]Manitou, a subordinate spirit, or tutelar genius.
[22]Manitou, a subordinate spirit, or tutelar genius.
[23]Miquon, William Penn, the Founder of Pennsylvania.
[23]Miquon, William Penn, the Founder of Pennsylvania.
[24]See the Tradition of the Fall of the Leni Lenape.
[24]See the Tradition of the Fall of the Leni Lenape.
[25]The cranberry.
[25]The cranberry.
[26]It is a prevalent opinion with the savages, that the wolf cooks his meat before he eats it.
[26]It is a prevalent opinion with the savages, that the wolf cooks his meat before he eats it.
[27]The different tribes are known by their manner of painting their war-clubs.
[27]The different tribes are known by their manner of painting their war-clubs.
[28]Lenape wihittuck, river of the Lenape.
[28]Lenape wihittuck, river of the Lenape.
[29]La Hontan explains the meaning of the word thus: "Calumet, in general, signifies a pipe, being a Norman word, derived fromChalumeau." The definition displays, in a remarkable degree, the silliness of that writer. The savages do not understand this word. "The Pipe of Peace is called, in the Iroquois language,Ganondaoe, and by the other savages,Poayem." So says the accurate Carver.
[29]La Hontan explains the meaning of the word thus: "Calumet, in general, signifies a pipe, being a Norman word, derived fromChalumeau." The definition displays, in a remarkable degree, the silliness of that writer. The savages do not understand this word. "The Pipe of Peace is called, in the Iroquois language,Ganondaoe, and by the other savages,Poayem." So says the accurate Carver.
[30]The Indians always speak of the earth as a "great island."
[30]The Indians always speak of the earth as a "great island."
[31]The chesnut.
[31]The chesnut.
[32]The Milky Way, the Galaxy.
[32]The Milky Way, the Galaxy.
[33]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.
[33]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.
[34]Wekolis—the whip-poor-will.
[34]Wekolis—the whip-poor-will.
[35]Thunder, sometimes called by the Indians,par excellence, "the Voice."
[35]Thunder, sometimes called by the Indians,par excellence, "the Voice."
[36]"Okkis"—protecting spirit. See note 1, page 195.
[36]"Okkis"—protecting spirit. See note 1, page 195.
[37]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.
[37]Quebec—Heights of Abraham.
[38]The Spaniards, from whom the Indians first procured the horse. This great acquisition is referred to in many of their traditions. See "The Wahconda's Son," &c.
[38]The Spaniards, from whom the Indians first procured the horse. This great acquisition is referred to in many of their traditions. See "The Wahconda's Son," &c.
[39]Song Sparrow—Fringilla melodica.
[39]Song Sparrow—Fringilla melodica.
[40]Serpent's hiss, the thunder. See note 5, p. 167.
[40]Serpent's hiss, the thunder. See note 5, p. 167.
[41]The North Star.
[41]The North Star.
[42]Clear sky, domestic peace, absence of family brawls.
[42]Clear sky, domestic peace, absence of family brawls.
[43]The Indian warriors shave off all their hair, except a single lock on the top, of the head, which is left for the enemy to take the scalp, in case he overcomes.
[43]The Indian warriors shave off all their hair, except a single lock on the top, of the head, which is left for the enemy to take the scalp, in case he overcomes.
[44]Maize, Indian corn—"Cobbett's corn."
[44]Maize, Indian corn—"Cobbett's corn."
[45]The tree-toad is an object that impresses the Indians with great fear.
[45]The tree-toad is an object that impresses the Indians with great fear.
[46]Rocky Mountains.
[46]Rocky Mountains.
[47]The Indians suppose the shooting of stars to be occasioned by spirits who are at war with the moon, and assail her in this way.
[47]The Indians suppose the shooting of stars to be occasioned by spirits who are at war with the moon, and assail her in this way.
[48]See the description of this dance in a note to The Expedition of the Lenni Lenape in vol. ii.
[48]See the description of this dance in a note to The Expedition of the Lenni Lenape in vol. ii.
[49]Many of the Indians suppose that the God of the Waters (Michabou) resides in the Cataract of St. Anthony.
[49]Many of the Indians suppose that the God of the Waters (Michabou) resides in the Cataract of St. Anthony.
[50]They (the Chepewyans) have some faint notion of transmigration of the soul; so that if a child be born with teeth, they instantly imagine, from its premature appearance, that it bears a resemblance to some person who had lived to an advanced age, and that he has assumed a renovated life, with these extraordinary symptoms.—Mackenzie, cxix.
[50]They (the Chepewyans) have some faint notion of transmigration of the soul; so that if a child be born with teeth, they instantly imagine, from its premature appearance, that it bears a resemblance to some person who had lived to an advanced age, and that he has assumed a renovated life, with these extraordinary symptoms.—Mackenzie, cxix.
[51]See note 4, p. 306 of this vol.
[51]See note 4, p. 306 of this vol.
[52]This month (November) is sometimes called by them the "Beaver-Moon," being the month in which they commence their hunt of that animal.
[52]This month (November) is sometimes called by them the "Beaver-Moon," being the month in which they commence their hunt of that animal.
[53]The war-clubs.
[53]The war-clubs.
[54]Black paint, as I have before observed, the symbol among the Indians of belligerent intentions.
[54]Black paint, as I have before observed, the symbol among the Indians of belligerent intentions.
[55]A fat dog is the chief and sometimes the only dish at the feast, preparatory to a war expedition. This animal is sacred to Areskoui, or the God of War.
[55]A fat dog is the chief and sometimes the only dish at the feast, preparatory to a war expedition. This animal is sacred to Areskoui, or the God of War.
[56]Salt.
[56]Salt.
[57]Theaurora borealis, or "northern light," as my readers know, is usually attended by a whizzing sound, somewhat resembling laughter.
[57]Theaurora borealis, or "northern light," as my readers know, is usually attended by a whizzing sound, somewhat resembling laughter.