Uladislaus crowned king of Hungary, ii. 105;violates his treaty with the Turks,ib.;its fatal results,ib.
Urban II., encouragement of the crusades by, i. 34;he succeeds Gregory VII., ii. 187;his concession to the kings of Castile, 190.
Urban V. retransfers the papal court to Avignon, ii. 240.
Urban VI. aids Charles of Durazzo in his designs on Joanna of Naples, i. 487;sanctions perjury towards heretics, ii. 210notec;his contest with Clement VII., 240;validity of his election, 241.
Urgel (count of), lays claim to the crown of Aragon, ii. 40, 41;rejection of his pretensions, 42;consequences of his unwise resort to arms,ib.
Usury treated as a crime, iii.337,339notec.
Valencia, constitution of the kingdom of, ii. 57.
Valentinian III., authority of the holy see extended by, ii. 161.
Vandals, portions of the Roman empire possessed by the, i. 1.
Vase of Soissons, story of the, i. 155;principle involved in the anecdote, 301, 302 andnotep.
Vassals and Vassalage. SeeFeudal System.
Vavassors, privileges attaching to the rank of, i. 194 andnoteb;their manorial courts, 219.
Venice, conflicts of, with Genoa, i. 444;defeat of her admiral by the Genoese, 445;insolence of the latter towards her ambassadors, 446;successful tactics of her doge, 447;triumph of her fleet, 448;her alleged early independence, 452;her subjection to the emperors, 453 andnoten;her Dalmatian and Levantine acquisitions, 454;her government: powers of the doge, 455;the great council, 456;criminal jurisdiction, how exercised, 457;checks to undue influence on the part of the doge, 458;singular complication in ballots for the dogeship, 459;Marin Falieri's treason, 460;the council of ten and its secret proceedings, 460, 461;exclusion of the nobles from trade, 461notey;Venetian form of government not entitled to high admiration, 462, 463 andnote;territorial acquisitions of Venice, 464;prophecy of the doge Mocenigo, 465, 466 andnote;Venetian conquests under Carmagnola, 466;wars of the republic with Mahomet II., 493, 495.
Verdun, treaty of, i. 16;its results, 17 andnotes.
Vere, favouritism of Richard II. towards, iii.66;his funeral,74.
Verona, seized by Francesco da Carrara, i. 464.
Vienna, Æneas Sylvius's florid description of, iii.345noteu.
Villani (John) falls a victim to the plague, i. 57note.
Villeins and villenage: conditions of villeins, i. 199;consequences of their marriage with free persons, 200, and 201noteb;privileges acquired by them, 201, 202 andnotes;their obligations, 331;their legal position in England, 333;villenage never established in Leon and Castile, ii. 6;question of its existence among the Anglo-Saxons, 276;dependence of the villein on his lord, iii.171;condition of his property and children,172andnoteb;legal distinctions,172andnotes;difficulties besetting the abolition of villenage,173;gradual softening of its features,174-176;merger of villeins into hired labourers,177;effects of the anti-poll-tax insurrection,181;disappearance of villenage,181,182;elucidatorynoteson the subject,260-264.
Virgin, absurd miracles ascribed to the, iii.300note.
Visconti and Torriani families, rivalry of the, i. 409, 410;triumph of the Visconti, 410;their power and unpopularity, 411;their marriages with royalty, 412 andnotee;tyranny of Bernabo Visconti, 439;Giovanni Visconti's brutality,ib.;his assassination, 466;Filippo Visconti's accession,ib.;his ingratitude to Carmagnola,ib.;his mistrust of Sforza, 482;his alliance with Alfonso, 492;quarrels of the family with the popes, ii. 235.
Visigoths, portions of the Roman provinces possessed by the, i. 1;conduct of their earlier rulers towards the catholics, 3notef;their mode of dividing conquered provinces, 146;their laws, how compiled, 151, 152notez;difference between the Frank monarchy and theirs, ii. 1, 2.
Voltaire, limited knowledge of early French history by, i. 213notep.
Wages, futility of laws for the regulation of, iii.178.SeeLabourers.
Waldenses. SeeReligious Sects.
Wales, causes of the turbulent state of, iii.169note.
Walworth, and Philpot made stewards of a subsidy (temp. Richard II.), iii.59;allegations relative to their stewardship,60.
Wamba (king of the Visigoths), question of his deposition discussed, ii. 156.
War, private, exercise of the right of, i. 207;by whom checked and suppressed,ib.andnotet;its prevalence amongst the German nobles, ii. 95, 96.
Warna, circumstances which led to the battle of, ii. 105.
Warwick (earl of), popularity of the, iii.65;made a lord appellant,72;banished by Richard II.,77.
Water-Ordeal. SeeOrdeals.
Wenceslaus, confirmed in the imperial succession, ii. 87;his deposition,ib.;he abets the league of the Rhine, 93.
Weregild, or compensation for murder. SeeMurder.
Wicliff (John), influence of the tenets of, ii. 252;iii.179andnotet,388,389.
Widows in Burgundy, reason for the speedy remarriage of, i. 93notex.
Wilfrid (bishop of Hexham), question involved in his appeal to the pope, ii. 164notet.
William of Holland elected emperor of Germany, ii. 76.
William the Conqueror, separation of the ecclesiastical and civil tribunals by, ii. 222 andnotea;position of England at its conquest by him, 302;his considerate treatment of Edgar,ib.noteb;alleged inadequacy of the military forces of the Saxons, 303note;their fruitless rebellions against him, 304 andnotes;instances of his oppressive conduct, 305;his devastating clearances for forests, 311;and inhuman forest laws, 312 andnote;his enormous revenues, 313;his feudal innovations, 314;his preservation of public peace and efforts to learn English, 315 andnote;policy of his manorial grants, 317;tyranny of his government, 318.
Winchester, early opulence and populousness of, iii.225.
Windsor castle, labourers for the erection of, how procured, iii.150.
Winfrid (St. Boniface), importance of the ecclesiastical changes effected by, ii. 164.
Winkelried, the Swiss patriot, heroic death of, ii. 111.
Wisbuy, ordinances of, iii.334andnotea.
Witchcraft, cruel treatment of persons charged with, iii.385notec.
Witikind, acknowledgment of Charlemagne's authority by, i. 10.
Witenagemot, bishops appointed by the, ii. 180;its characteristics, 279;how often assembled, 411, 412.SeeAnglo-Saxons.
Women, legal position of, in Italy during coverture, i. 152notez;perils attending their marriage with slaves, 200notea.
Woollen manufacture established in Flanders, iii.318;impolitic regulations respecting it,319andnotec;export of wool from England,320;English woollen manufacture,321;policy adopted towards the Flemings,ib.andnoteo;laws relative to the trade,322;relations of England and Spain regarding it,323notes.
Worms, diet of. SeeDiet.
Wykeham (bishop of Winchester) invested with the great seal, iii.73.
York (Richard, duke of) appointed protector to Henry VI., iii.191;his claim to the throne,194;his cautious policy195.
Yorkists and Lancastrians, wars of the, iii.197.
Zimisces (John), military exploits of, ii. 126.
Zisca (John), the blind hero, victories of the Bohemians under, i. 481;his exploits; enthusiasm of his followers, ii. 103.
THE END.
LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET, AND CHARING CROSS.
Transcribers note:In the original work the footnotes were alphabetical. This has been preserved in the html version but for ease of searching they have been converted to numerics in the text version.