VARIETIES

Walnut varieties

No. 1, 1 Vrooman Franquette. No. 2, 2 Mayette. No. 3, 3 Mayette Rouge. No. 4, 4 Parisienne. No. 5, 5 Praeparturien. No. 6, 6 Chaberte. No. 7. Cluster.Plate One

Walnut varieties

No. 1, 1 Franquette. No. 2, 2 Glady. No. 3, 3 Payne. No. 4, 4 Mayette. No. 5, 5 Meylan. No. 6, 6 Parisienne. No. 7, Cluster. No. 8, Praeparturien.Plate Two

Prince of YamhillThe "Prince of Yamhill"Plate Three

The beautiful nuts shown on Plate 3 are seedlings from the orchard of Mr. Thomas Prince, of Yamhill county. They are probably the handsomest walnut as to size, form and color as well as taste that may be found anywhere. The tree has not had an orchard try-out yet. If it proves to be a good bearer with the other qualities suitable for this climate and soil condition, it will enter the field high up in the standard of excellence.

There is some discrepancy in what constitutes standard varieties of walnuts. We have endeavored to get nuts both from Oregon and California to fix a uniform understanding as to the different varieties. The types submitted by Mr. A. McGill of the Oregon Nursery Co., Plate 1, are No. 1, 1 Vrooman Franquette, No. 2, 2 Mayette, No. 3, 3 Mayette Rouge, No. 4, 4 Parisienne, No. 5, 5 Praeparturien, No. 6, 6 Chaberte, No. 7, Cluster.

Plate No. 2, by Mr. Ferd Groner, No. 1, 1 Franquette, No. 2, 2 Glady, No. 3, 3 Payne, No. 4, 4 Mayette, No. 5, 5 Meylan, No. 6, 6 Parisienne, No. 7 Cluster, No. 8 Praeparturien, are about as near uniformly correct as we have.

The Chaberte nuts, which confectioners use, are a special industry, the kernels being slipped out of the shells without breaking, and sold in this form. All the smaller nuts, the imperfect ones—the culls—find ready sale both shelled and unshelled for the manufacture of walnut candy, walnut cake, etc.

The first Walnut Show was held at McMinnville, November 1, 1907, and was judged by H. M. Williamson, Secretary of the State Board of Horticulture. Most of the following memoranda on weights are taken from his report:

James Morrison, Franquette32tothepoundF. W. Myers, Mayette34"""F. W. Myers, Seedling35"""James Morrison, Seedling Franquette42"""James Morrison, Grafted Mayette38"""D. H. Turner, Seedlings42"""James Morrison, Blanche Mayette34"""James Morrison, Grenoble Mayette32"""D. H. Turner, Parry48"""Mayette Shaped Praeparturiens64"""R. P. Ungerman, Seedlings50"""Bland Herring, Praeparturiens38"""Bland Herring, Bijou22"""Pleasant Cozine, Seedlings42"""Casey tree, Seedling55"""E. Estes, fourth generation from Casey tree52"""Thos. Prince Seedling40"""Derr Tree, Parry60"""

The investigations in regard to relative weights of kernel and shell of the different varieties is made up from an article read by Mr. Ferd Groner before the State Horticultural Society, December, 1909.

The Vrooman Franquette shell and kernel weighed equal.

The Payne Seedling gave slightly more kernel than shell.

The Mayette slightly more shell than kernel.

The Meylan, shell and kernel equal.

The Gladys, shell and kernel equal.

Franquette, near Salem, shell weighed two and one-half times that of kernel.

Other experiments show that the Praeparturien shell and kernel are about equal.

While the weight of the kernel is of great importance to the consumer, the taste and digestibility is still more so. In this is the food value of the walnut. The food value will in time be the commercial value. There is very little variation in the taste of any one variety of wild nuts or fruits, but the cultivated walnut, as well as the cultivated peach and apple, has a great variety of tastes, and it does not require an expert to distinguish the good from the poor qualities.

Walnuts should be graded as to variety, the varieties should then be graded as to size, but the paramount duty of the grower is to produce a creamy, delicious walnut of excellent flavor. The soil and climate has proven their excellence, and it is now for the intelligent grower to do his part.

Professional men and women, business men and women, those living in cities and towns and confined to offices, stores and factories, will find an investment in forty or fifty acres of walnut land at the present time wholly within their possibilities. Special terms can be arranged and their groves planted and cared for at small cost. While they are working their groves will be growing toward maturity, and in less than a decade they may be free from the demands of daily routine: the grove will furnish an income, increasing each season until the twentieth year, and will prove the most pleasant kind of old age annuity, and the richest inheritance a man could leave his children.

The practical farmer, or the inexperienced man who desires to escape the tyranny of city work by way of the soil will find that a walnut grove offers an immediate home, a living from small fruits and vegetables while his trees are maturing, and at the end of eight or ten years, the beginning of an income that will every year thereafter increase, while the labor exacted will gradually lessen until it amounts to practically nothing. Like rearing children, a walnut grower's troubles are over with the trees' infant days.

The capitalist can find no better place for his money than safely invested in Oregon walnut lands; the rise is certain and near.

Meat of the WalnutThe "Meat" of the Walnut

Some years ago "Outlook," a most conservative publication, spoke of the English walnut as "a tree of vast commercial importance in the far west."

Luther Burbank states: "The consumption of walnuts is increasing among all civilized nations faster than any other food."

B. M. Lelong, Secretary of the California State Board of Horticulture, wrote in 1896:

"California growers have had a long and varied experience with many failures, and when they finally began to place their walnuts on the market they were obliged to accept the humiliating price of from 3 to 6 cents a pound less than that paid for imported walnuts."

In Oregon the reverse is true. Our walnuts command a price above that paid for walnuts raised anywhere else. The size, cracking-out quantity, delicate flavor and delicious creamy taste, are the qualities that give the Oregon walnut its surpassing excellence. If we have this pre-eminence at the beginning of the industry, what may we expect when intelligent cultivation has produced the best grade of walnuts of which our soil and climate are capable?

To Oregon, then, with its vast areas adapted to this industry, must the world look for its great annual walnut harvest in the years to come. The far-seeing man will secure an interest in Oregon walnut lands now, before speculation and a general awakening to their real value have boosted the price to that of walnut lands elsewhere.

View in Prince Walnut GroveView in Prince Walnut Grove Dundee, Oregon

County.Groves now planted.Bearing trees.Available land.Price per acre.WashingtonMany young ones.A number bear full crops.Thousands of acres.$25 to $200.MultnomahSeveral young groves.Many scattered.Several thousands.$50 to $200.Yamhill3,000 acres.5,000 trees.40,000 acres; every quarter section has suitable land.$50 to $200.Clackamas100 acres.Many scattered; one grove.Several thousand.$20 to $500.PolkSeveral hundred acres.100 trees.Many thousand.$25 to $100.MarionA few.A number in in bearing.Hundreds of acres.$20 to $500.BentonNo record.No record.Many acres.$20 to $100.LinnSeveral young groves.Several scattered.Many hundred acres.$20 to $500.Lane300 acres.A few scattered; bear heavily.10,000.$60 to $125.DouglasNone.Many; loaded with nuts.Thousands of acres.$25 to $100.JosephineNo record.A number; scattered.Hundreds of acres.No record.Jackson30 or 40 acres.Hundreds scattered through valley loaded with nuts.Several thousand.$25 to $225.Baker(Eastern Ore.)A few groves.Many producing trees.Thousands of acres.$25 to $150?

Last year the Walnut club of McMinnville made an exhibit of home grown walnuts at the A.-Y.-P. Exposition and was awarded a gold medal. They have a very attractive and artistic way of putting up an exhibit, classifying and arranging the different varieties in glass cases in such a manner as to attract universal attention and call forth the heartiest exclamations of admiration. The accompanying cut shows one of their exhibits in position. It is nine feet high and nearly five feet wide and is faced alike on both sides.

This club was organized for the purpose of studying the walnut industry in all its details. They employ scientists and experts to tell how and to demonstrate the various methods of walnut culture. There are scores of 5 and 10-acre tracts planted to walnuts in the vicinity, as well as experimental trees on the lots in town and along the streets. They call McMinnville "The Walnut City."

Walnut Exhibit

Who will take pleasure in giving all desired information as to rates, routes, train schedules, hotel accommodations, etc., and make advance arrangements for trips.

EAST.

New York:  J. B. DeFriest, Gen. Eastern Agt., U. P. R. R., 287 BroadwayNew York:  L. H. Nutting, Gen. Pass. Agt., S. P. S. S. Co., 366 BroadwayBoston, Mass. Willard Massey, N. E. Frt. & Pass. Agt., 176 Wash. St.Philadelphia, Pa.: S. C. Milbourne, G. A., U. P. R. R., 830 Chestnut St.R. J. Smith, Agent, S. P. Co., 632 Chestnut St.Pittsburg, Pa.: G. G. Herring, General Agent, 707 Park Bldg.Cincinnati, Ohio:  W. H. Connor, General Agent, 53 East Fourth St.Detroit, Mich.:  J. C. Ferguson, General Agent, 11 Fort St., West

MIDDLE WEST.

Chicago, Ill.: W. G. Neimyer, General Agent, 120 Jackson BoulevardSt. Louis, Mo.: J. G. Lowe, General Agent, 903 Olive St.Kansas City, Mo.:  H. G. Kaill, Asst. Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agt., U. P. R. R., 901 Walnut St.St. Joseph, Mo.: S. E. Stohr, Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agt., St. J. & G. I. R. R.Leavenworth, Kan.:  J. J. Hartnett, Gen. Agt., Rooms 9-11 Nat. Bank Bldg.Council Bluffs, Iowa:  J. C. Mitchell, City Ticket Agent, 522 BroadwayDes Moines, Iowa:  J. W. Turtle, Trav. Pass. Agt., 313 W. Fifth St.Minneapolis, Minn.:  H. F. Carter, Dist. Pass. Agent, 21 South Third St.Lincoln., Neb.:  E. B. Slosson, General Agent, 1044 O St.Omaha, Neb.:  E. L. Lomax, General Passenger Agent, U. P. R. R.Pueblo, Colo.: L. M. Tudor, Commercial Agent, 312 N. Main St.Denver, Colo.:  Francis B. Choate, General Agent, 941 Seventeenth St.Wm. K. McAllister, Gen. Agt., S. P. Co., Suite 313 Railway Exc. Bldg.

CANADA.

Toronto:  J. O. Goodsell, Traveling Pass. Agt., Room 14 Janes Bldg.

SOUTH AND SOUTHWEST.

Atlanta, Ga.: A. J. Dutcher, General Agent, 121 Peachtree St.New Orleans, La.:  J. H. R. Parsons, Gen. Pass. Agt., M. L. & T. R. R., 227 St. Charles St.Houston, Tex.:  T. J. Anderson, Gen. Pass. Agent, G. H. & S. A. R. R.

EUROPE.

London, England:  Rudolph Falck, General European AgentNo. 49 Leadenhall St., E. C.      No. 22 Cockspur St., N. W.Liverpool, England:  No. 25 Water St.Antwerp, Belgium:  11 Rue Chapelle de GraceHamburg, Germany:  Amerika Haus, 23-27, Ferdinand Strasse

PACIFIC COAST.

San Francisco, Cal.: Chas. S. Fee, Pass. Traffic Mgr., S. P. Co., Flood Bldg.Lewiston, Ida.:  C. W. Mount, District Freight & Passenger AgentLos Angeles, Cal.: H. O. Wilson, Gen. Agt., U. P. R. R., 557 Spring St.T. A. Graham, Asst. Gen. Pass. Agt., S. P Co., 600 S. Spring StOlympia, Wash.:  J. C. Percival, Agent, Percival's DockSalt Lake City, Utah:  D. E. Burley, Gen. Pass. Agt., O. S. L. R. R.Seattle, Wash.:  W. D. Skinner, Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agent, O. & W. R. R.E. E. Ellis, General Agent, 608 First Ave.Tacoma, Wash.:  Robt. Lee, Gen'l Agt., Berlin Bldg., Eleventh and Pacific Ave.Walla Wala, Wash.:  R. Burns, District Freight and Passenger AgentWallace, Ida.: G. A. Marshall, Commercial AgentAstoria, Ore.: G. W. Roberts, Commercial Agent, O. R. & N. DockPortland, Ore.: C. W. Stinger, City Ticket Agent, 3d and Washington Sts.

R. B. MILLER, Traffic ManagerWM. McMURRAY, Gen. Pass. Agt.

R. B. MILLER, Traffic ManagerWM. McMURRAY, Gen. Pass. Agt.

JOHN M. SCOTT, Assistant General Passenger AgentPortland, Oregon

The Oregon Railroad

THE OREGON RAILROAD & NAVIGATION CO.Oregon & Washington R.R.Union PacificOregon Short LineSouthern Pacific Co.

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