Chapter 14

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2. Under obligation; bound by some favor rendered; obliged; beholden. This holy word, that teacheth us truly our bounden duty toward our Lord God in every point. Ridley. 3. Made obligatory; imposed as a duty; binding. I am much bounden to your majesty. Shak. Bound¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, limits; a boundary. Sir T.Herbert. Bound¶ing, a. Moving with a bound or bounds. The bounding pulse, the languid limb. Montgomery. Bound¶less, a. Without bounds or confines; illimitable; vast; unlimited. ½The boundless sky.¸ Bryant. ½The boundless ocean.¸ Dryden. ½Boundless rapacity.¸ ½Boundless prospect of gain.¸ Macaulay. Syn. Ð Unlimited; unconfined; immeasurable; illimitable; infinite. Ð Bound¶lessÏly, adv. Ð Bound¶lessÐness, n. Boun¶teÏous (?), a. [OE. bountevous, fr. bounte bounty.] Liberal in charity; disposed to give freely; generously liberal; munificent; beneficent; free in bestowing gifts; as, bounteous production. But O, thou bounteous Giver of all good. Cowper. Ð Boun¶teÏousÏly, adv. Ð Boun¶teÏousÏness, n. Boun¶tiÏful (?), a. 1. Free in giving; lib??ral in bestowing gifts and favors. God, the bountiful Author of our being. Locke. 2. Plentiful; abundant; as, a bountiful supply of food. Syn. Ð Liberal; munificent; generous; bounteous. Ð Boun¶tiÏfulÏly, adv. Ð Boun¶tiÏfulÏness, n. Boun¶tiÏhead (?), Boun¶tyÏhood (?), } n. Goodness; generosity. [Obs.] Spenser. Boun¶ty, n.; pl. Bounties (?). [OE. bounte goodness, kindness, F. bont‚, fr. L. bonitas, fr. bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. duvas honor, respect.] 1. Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. [Obs.] Nature set in her at once beauty with bounty. Gower. 2. Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors; gracious or liberal giving; generosity; munificence. My bounty is as boundless as the sea. Shak. 3. That which is given generously or liberally. ½Thy morning bounties.¸ Cowper. 4. A premium offered or given to induce men to enlist into the public service; or to encourage any branch of industry, as husbandry or manufactures. Bounty jumper, one who, during the latter part of the Civil War, enlisted in the United States service, and deserted as soon as possible after receiving the bounty. [Collog.] Ð Queen Anne's bounty (Eng. Hist.), a provision made in Queen Anne's reign for augmenting poor clerical livings. Syn. Ð Munificence; generosity; beneficence. BouÏquet¶ (?), n. [F. bouquet bunch, bunch of flowers, trees, feathers, for bousquet, bosquet, thicket, a little wood, dim. of LL. boscus. See Bush thicket, and cf. Bosket, Busket.] 1. A nosegay; a bunch of flowers. 2. A perfume; an aroma; as, the bouquet of wine. ØBou·queÏtin¶ (?), n. [F.] (Zo”l.) The ibex. Bour (?), n. [See Bower a chamber.] A chamber or a cottage. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bour¶bon (?), n. [From the castle and seigniory of Bourbon in central France.] 1. A member of a family which has occupied several European thrones, and whose descendants still claim throne of France. 2. A politician who is behind the age; a ruler or politician who neither forgets nor learns anything; an obstinate conservative. Bour¶bonÏism (?), n. The principles of those adhering to the house of Bourbon; obstinate conservatism. Bour¶bonÏist, n. One who adheres to the house of Bourbon; a legitimist. Bour¶bon whis¶ky. See under Whisky. Bourd (?), n. [F. bourde fib, lie, OF. borde, bourde, jest, joke.] A jest. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bourd (?), v.i. To jest. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bourd¶er (?), n. A jester. [Obs.] Bour¶don (?), n. [F., fr. L. burdo mule, esp. one used for carrying litters. Cf. Sp. muleta a young she mule; also, crutch, prop.] A pilgrim's staff. ØBour¶don· (?), n. [F. See Burden a refrain.] (Mus.) (a) A drone bass, as in a bagpipe, or a hurdyÐgurdy. See Burden (of a song.) (b) A kind of organ stop. BourÏgeois¶ (?), n. [From a French type founder named Bourgeois, or fr. F. bourgeois of the middle class; hence applied to an intermediate size of type between brevier and long primer: cf. G. bourgeois, borgis. Cf. Burgess.] (Print.) A size of type between long primer and brevier. See Type. µ This line is printed in bourgeois type.? ØBourÏgeois¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bourg town; of German origin. See Burgess.] A man of middle rank in society; one of the shopkeeping class. [France.] Ð? a. Characteristic of the middle class, as in France. BourÏgeoiÏsie¶ ?, n. [F.] The French middle class, particularly such as are concerned in, or dependent on, trade. Bour¶geon (?), v.i. [OE. burjoun a bud, burjounen to bud, F. bourgeon a bud, bourgeonner to bud; cf. OHG. burjan to raise.] To sprout; to put forth buds; to shoot forth, as a branch. Gayly to bourgeon and broadly to grow. Sir W.Scott. ØBou¶ri (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) A mullet (Mugil capito) found in the rivers of Southern Europe and in Africa. Bourn, Bourne } (?), n. [OE. burne, borne, AS. burna; akin to OS. brunno spring, G. born, ? unnen, OHG. prunno, Goth. brunna, Icel. brunn?r and perh. to Gr. ?. The root is prob. that of burn, v., because the source of a stream seems to issue forth bubbling and boiling from the earth. Cf. Torrent, and see Burn, v.] A stream or rivulet; a burn. My little boat can safely pass this perilous bourn. Spenser. Bourn, Bourne } (?), n. [F. borne. See Bound a limit.] A bound; a boundary; a limit. Hence: Point aimed at; goal. Where the land slopes to its watery bourn. Cowper. The undiscovered country, from whose bourn No traveler returns. Shak. Sole bourn, sole wish, sole object of my song. Wordsworth. To make the doctrine … their intellectual bourne. Tyndall. Bourn¶less, a. Without a bourn or limit. Bour¶nonÏite (?), n. [Named after Count? Bournon, a mineralogist.] (Min.) A mineral of a steelgray to black color and metallic luster, occurring crystallized, often in twin crystals shaped like cogwheels (wheel ore), also massive. It is a sulphide of antimony, lead, and copper. BourÏnous¶ (?), n. See Burnoose. ØBourÏr‚e (?), n. [F.] (Mus.) An old French dance tune in common time. ØBourse (?), n. [F. bourse purse, exchange, LL. bursa, fr. Gr.? skin, hide, of which a purse was usually made. Cf. Purse, Burse.] An exchange, or place where merchants, bankers, etc., meet for business at certain hours; esp., the ?Stock Exchange of Paris.? Bouse (?), v.i. To drink immoderately; to carouse; to booze. See Booze. Bouse, n. Drink, esp. alcoholic drink; also, a carouse; a booze. ½A good bouse of liquor.¸ Carlyle. Bous¶er (?), n. A toper; a boozer. ØBou·stroÏphe¶don (?), n. [Gr. ? turning like oxen in plowing; ? to turn.] An ancient mode of writing, in alternate directions, one line from left to right, and the next from right to left (as fields are plowed), as in early Greek and Hittite. BouÏstroph·eÏdon¶ic (?), a. Relating to the boustrophedon made of writing. BouÏstorph¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? ?oxÐguiding.] Boustrophedonic. Bousy (?), a. Drunken; sotted; boozy. In his cups the bousy poet songs. Dryden. Bout (?), n. [A different spelling and application of bought bend.] 1. As much of an action as is performed at one time; a going and returning, as of workmen in reaping, mowing, etc.; a turn; a round. In notes with many a winding bout Of linked sweetness long drawn out. Milton. The prince … has taken me in his train, so that I am in no danger of starving for this bout. Goldsmith. 2. A conflict; contest; attempt; trial; a setÐto at anything; as, a fencing bout; a drinking bout. The gentleman will, for his honor's sake, have one bout with you; he can not by the duello avoid it. Shak. BouÏtade¶ (?), n. [F., fr. bouter to thrust. See Butt.] An outbreak; a caprice; a whim. [Obs.] Boute¶feu (?), n. [F.; bouter to thrust, ?put+feu fire.] An incendiary; an inciter of quarrels. [Obs.] Animated by … John … Chamber, a very boutefeu, … they entered into open rebellion. Bacon. ØBou·ton·niŠre¶ (?), n. [F., buttonhole.] A bouquet worn in a buttonhole. ØBouts·ÏriÏm‚s¶ (?), n. pl. [F. bout ?end+rim‚ rhymed.] Words that rhyme, proposed as the ends of verses, to be filled out by the ingenuity of the person to whom they are offered. Bo¶vate (?), n. [LL. bovata, fr. bos, bovis, ox.] (O.Eng.Law.) An oxgang, or as much land as an ox can plow in a year; an ancient measure of land, of indefinite quantity, but usually estimated at fifteen acres. Bo¶vey coal· (?). (Min.) A kind of mineral coal, or brown lignite, burning with a weak flame, and generally a disagreeable odor; Ð found at Bovey Tracey, Devonshire, England. It is of geological age of the o”lite, and of the true coal era. Bo¶vid (?), a. [L. bos, bovis, ox, cow.] (Zo”l.) Relating to that tribe of ruminant mammals of which the genus Bos is the type. Bo¶viÏform (?), a. [L. bos, bovis, ox +?Ðform.] Resembling an ox in form; oxÐshaped. [R.] Bo¶vine (?), a. [LL. bovinus, fr.L. bos, bovis, ox, cow: cf. F. bovine. See Cow.] 1. (Zo”l.) of or pertaining to the genus Bos; relating to, or resembling, the ox or cow; oxlike; as, the bovine genus; a bovine antelope. 2. Having qualities characteristic of oxen or cows; sluggish and patient; dull; as, a bovine temperament. The bovine gaze of gaping rustics. W.Black. Bow (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowing.] [OE. bowen, bogen, bugen, AS. b?gan (generally v.i.); akin to D. buigen, OHG. biogan, G. biegen, beugen, Icel. boginn bent, beygja to bend, Sw. b”ja, Dan. b”ie, bugne, Coth. biugan; also to L. fugere to flee, Gr. ?, and Skr. bhuj to bend. ?88. Cf. Fugitive.] 1. To cause to deviate from straightness; to bend; to inflect; to make crooked or curved. We bow things the contrary way, to make them come to their natural straightness. Milton. The whole nation bowed their necks to the worst kind of tyranny. Prescott. 2. To exercise powerful or controlling influence over; to bend, figuratively; to turn; to incline. Adversities do more bow men's minds to religion. Bacon. Not to bow and bias their opinions. Fuller. 3. To bend or incline, as the head or body, in token of respect, gratitude, assent, homage, or condescension. They came to meet him, and bowed themselves to the ground before him. 2 Kings ii. 15. 4. To cause to bend down; to prostrate; to depress,;? to crush; to subdue. Whose heavy hand hath bowed you to the grave. Shak. 5. To express by bowing; as, to bow one's thanks. Bow (?), v.i. 1. To bend; to curve. [Obs.] 2. To stop. [Archaic] They stoop, they bow down together. Is.xlvi.2? 3. To bend the head, knee, or body, in token of reverence or submission; Ð often with down. O come, let us worship and bow down: let us kneel before the Lord our maker. Ps.xcv.6. 4. To incline the head in token of salutation, civility, or assent; to make bow. Admired, adored by all circling crowd, For wheresoe'er she turned her face, they bowed. Dryden. Bow (?), n. An inclination of the head, or a bending of the body, in token of reverence, respect, civility, or submission; an obeisance; as, a bow of deep humility. Bow (?), n. [OE. bowe, boge, AS. boga, fr. AS. b?gan to bend; akin to D. boog, G. bogen, Icel. bogi. See Bow, v.t.] 1. Anything bent, or in the form of a curve, as the rainbow. I do set my bow in the cloud. Gen.ix.13. 2. A weapon made of a strip of wood, or other elastic material, with a cord connecting the two ends, by means of which an arrow is propelled. 3. An ornamental knot, with projecting lops, formed by doubling a ribbon or string. 4. The ?UÐshaped piece which embraces the neck of an ox and fastens it to the yoke. 5. (Mus.) An appliance consisting of an elastic rod, with a number of horse hairs stretched from end to end of it, used in playing on a stringed instrument. 6. An acrograph. 7. (Mech. & Manuf.) Any instrument consisting of an elastic rod, with ends connected by a string, employed for giving reciprocating motion to a drill, or for preparing and arranging the hair, fur, etc., used by hatters. 8. (Naut.) A rude sort of quadrant formerly used for taking the sun's altitude at sea. 9. (Saddlery) sing. or pl. Two pieces of wood which form the arched forward part of a saddletree. Bow bearer (O. Eng. Law), an under officer of the forest who looked after trespassers. Ð Bow drill, a drill worked by a bow and string. Ð Bow instrument (Mus.), any stringed instrument from which the tones are produced by the bow. Ð Bow window (Arch.) See Bay window. Ð To draw a long bow, to lie; to exaggerate. [Collog.] Bow (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Bowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowing.] To play (music) with a bow. Ð v.i. To manage the bow. Bow (?), n. [Icel. b”?gr shoulder, bow of a ship. See Bough.] 1. (Naut.) The bending or rounded part of a ship forward; the stream or prow. 2. (Naut.) One who rows in the forward part of a boat; the bow oar. Bow chaser (Naut.), a gun in the bow for firing while chasing another vessel. Totten. Ð Bow piece, a piece of ordnance carried at the bow of a ship. Ð On the bow (Naut.), on that part of the horizon whithin 45? on either side of the line ahead. Totten. Bow¶aÏble (?), a. Capable of being bowed or bent; flexible; easily influenced; yielding. [Obs.] Bow¶bell· (?), n. One born within hearing distance of BowÐbells; a cockney. Halliwell. Bow¶Ïbells· (?), n. pl. The bells of Bow Church in London; cockneydom. People born within the sound of BowÐbells are usually called cockneys. Murray's Handbook of London. Bow¶bent· (??), a. Bent, like a bow. Milton. Bow¶Ðcom·pass (?), n.; pl. BowÐcompasses (?). 1. An arcograph. 2. A small pair of compasses, one leg of which carries a pencil, or a pen, for drawing circles. Its legs are often connected by a bowÐshaped spring, instead of by a joint. 3. A pair of compasses, with a bow or arched plats riveted to one of the legs, and passing through the other. Bow¶el (?), n. [OE. bouel, bouele, OF. boel, boele, F. boyau, fr. L. botellus a small sausage, in LL. also intestine, dim. of L. botulus sausage.] 1. One of the intestines of an animal; an entrail, especially of man; a gut; Ð generally used in the plural. He burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out. Acts i.18. 2. pl. Hence, figuratively: The interior part of anything; as, the bowels of the earth. His soldiers … cried out amain, And rushed into the bowels of the battle. Shak. 3. pl. The seat of pity or kindness. Hence: Tenderness; compassion. ½Thou thing of no bowels.¸ Shak. Bloody Bonner, that corpulent tyrant, full (as one said) of guts, and empty of bowels. Fuller. 4. pl. Offspring. [Obs.] Shak. Bow¶el, v.t. [imp. & p. p. Boweled or Bowelled (?); p.pr.& vb.n. Boweling or Bowelling.] To take out the bowels of; to eviscerate; to disembowel. Bow¶eled (?), a. [Written also bowelled.] Having bowels; hollow. ½The boweled cavern.¸ Thomson. Bow¶elÏless, a. Without pity. Sir T.Browne. Bow¶enÏite (?), n. [From G.T.Bowen, who analyzed it in 1822.] (Min.) A hard, compact variety of serpentine found in Rhode Island. It is of a ligth green color and resembles jade. Bo¶wer (?), n. [From Bow, v. & n.] 1. One who bows or bends. 2. (Naut.) An anchor carried at the bow of a ship. 3. A muscle that bends a limb, esp. the arm. [Obs.] His rawbone arms, whose mighty brawned bowers Were wont to rive steel plates and helmets hew. Spenser. Best bower, Small bower. See the Note under Anchor.

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Bow¶er (?), n. [G. bauer a peasant. So called from the figure sometimes used for the knave in cards. See Boor.] One of the two highest cards in the pack commonly used in the game of euchre.Right bower, the knave of the trump suit, the highest card (except the ½Joker¸) in the game. Ð Left bower, the knave of the other suit of the same color as the trump, being the next to the right bower in value. Ð Best bower or? Joker, in some forms of euchre and some other games, an extra card sometimes added to the pack, which takes precedence of all others as the highest card.Bow¶er, n. [OE. bour, bur, room, dwelling, AS. b?r, fr. the root of AS. ?ban to dwell; akin to Icel. br? chamber, storehouse, Sw. br? cage, Dan. buur, OHG. pr? room, G. bauer cage, bauer a peasant. ?97 Cf.Boor, Byre.]1. Anciently, a chamber; a lodging room; esp., a lady's private apartment.Give me my lute in bed now as I lie,And lock the doors of mine unlucky bower.Gascoigne.2. A rustic cottage or abode; poetically, an attractive abode or retreat.Shenstone. B.Johnson.3. A shelter or covered place in a garden, made with boughs of trees or vines, etc., twined together; an arbor; a shady recess.Bow¶er, v.t. To embowar; to inclose.Shak.Bow¶er, v.i. To lodge. [Obs.]Spenser.Bow¶er, n. [From Bough, cf. Brancher.] (Falconry) A young hawk, when it begins to leave thenest. [Obs.]Bow¶er bird· (?). (Zo”l.) An Australian bird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus or holosericeus), allied to the starling, which constructs singular bowers or playhouses of twigs and decorates them with brightcolored objects; the satin bird.µ The name is also applied to other related birds of the same region, having similar habits; as, the spotted bower bird ( Chalmydodera maculata), and the regent bird (Sericulus melinus).Bow¶erÏy (?), a. Shading, like a bower; full of bowers.A bowery maze that shades the purple streams.Trumbull.Bow¶erÏy, n.; pl. Boweries (?) [D. bouwerij.] A farm or plantation with its buildings. [U.S.Hist.]The emigrants [in New York] were scattered on boweries or plantetions; and seeing the evils of this mode of living widely ?apart, they were advised, in 1643 and 1646, by the Dutch authorities, to gather into ½villages, towns, and hamlets, as the English were in the habit of doing.¸Bancroft.Bow¶erÏy, a. Characteristic of the street called the ?Bowery, in New York city; swaggering; flashy.Bow¶ess (?), n. (Falconry) Same as Bower. [Obs.]Bow¶fin· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A voracious ganoid fish (Amia calva) found in the fresh waters of the United States; the mudfish; Ð called also Johnny Grindle, and dogfish.Bowge (?), v. i. To swell out. See Bouge. [Obs.]Bowge, v. t. To cause to leak. [Obs.] See Bouge.Bow¶grace· (?), n. (Naut.) A frame or fender of rope or junk, laid out at the sides or bows of a vessel to secure it from injury by floating ice.Bow¶ hand· (?). 1. (Archery) The hand that holds the bow, i.e., the left hand.Surely he shoots wide on the bow hand.Spenser.2. (Mus.) The hand that draws the bow, i.e., the right hand.Bow¶head· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The great Arctic or Greenland whale. (Bal‘na mysticetus). See Baleen, and Whale.Bow¶ie knife· (?). A knife with a strong blade from ten to fifteen inches long, and doubleÐedged near the point; Ð used as a hunting knife, and formerly as a weapon in the southwestern part of the United States. It was named from its inventor, Coolnel James Bowie. Also, by extension, any large sheath knife.Bow¶ing (?), n. (Mus.) 1. The act or art of managing the bow in playing on stringed instruments.Bowing constitutes a principal part of the art of the violinist, the violist, etc.J.W.Moore.2. In hatmaking, the act or process of separating and distributing the fur or hair by means of a bow, to prepare it for felting.Bow¶ingÏly (?), adv. In a bending manner.Bow¶knot· (?), n. A knot in which a portion of the string is drawn through in the form of a loop or bow, so as to be readily untied.Bowl (?), n. [OE. bolle, AS. bolla; akin to Icel. bolli, Dan. bolle, G. bolle, and perh. to E. boil a tumor. Cf. Boll.]1. A concave vessel of various forms (often approximately hemisherical), to hold liquids, etc.Brought them food in bowls of basswood.Longfellow.2. Specifically, a drinking vessel for wine or other spirituous liquors; hence, convival drinking.3. The contents of a full bowl; what a bowl will hold.4. The bollow part of a thing; as, the bowl of a spoon.Bowl (?), n. [F. boule, fr. L. bulla bubble, stud. Cf. Bull an edict, Bill a writing.]1. A ball of wood or other material used for rolling on a level surface in play; a ball of hard wood having one side heavier than the other, so as to give it a bias when rolled.2. pl. An ancient game, popular in Great Britain, played with biased balls on a level plat of greensward.Like an uninstructed bowler, … who thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straightforward upon it.Sir W.Scott.3. pl. The game of tenpins or bowling. [U.S.]Bowl (?), v.t. [imp. & p. p. Bowledÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bowling.] 1. To roll, as a bowl or cricket ball.Break all the spokes and fellies from her wheel,And bowl the round nave down the hill of heaven.Shak.2. To roll or carry smoothly on, or as on, wheels; as, we were bowled rapidly along the road.3. To pelt or strike with anything rolled.Alas, I had rather be set quick i' the earth,And bowled to death with turnips?Shak.To bowl (a player) out ?, in cricket, to put out a striker by knocking down a bail or a stump in bowling.Bowl, v. i.1. To play with bowls.2. To roll a ball on a plane, as at cricket, bowls, etc.3. To move rapidly, smoothly, and like a ball; as, the carriage bowled along.Bowl¶der, Boul¶der (?), n. [Cf. Sw. bullra to roar, rattle, Dan. buldre, dial. Sw. bullersteen larger kind of pebbles; perh. akin to E. bellow.]1. A large stone, worn smooth or rounded by the action of water; a large pebble.2. (Geol.) A mass of any rock, whether rounded or not, that has been transported by natural agencies from its native bed. See Drift.Bowlder clay, the unstratified clay deposit of the Glacial or Drift epoch, often containing large numbers of bowlders. Ð Bowlder wall, a wall constructed of large stones or bowlders.Bowl¶derÏy (?), a. Characterized by bowlders.Bow¶leg· (?), n. A crooked leg.Jer.Taylor.Bowl¶Ðlegged· (?), a. Having crooked legs, esp. with the kness bent outward.Johnson.Bowl¶er (?), n. One who plays at bowls, or who rolls the ball in cricket or any other game.Bow¶less, a. Destitute of a bow.Bow¶line (?), n. [Cf. D. boelijn, Icel. b”gl‹na?, Dan. bovline; properly the line attached to the shoulder or side of the sail. See Bow (of a ship), and Line.] (Naut.) A rope fastened near the middle of the leech or perpendicular edge of the square sails, by subordinate ropes, called bridles, and used to keep the weather edge of the sail tight forward, when the ship is closehauled.Bowline bridles, the ropes by which the bowline is fastened to the leech of the sail. Ð Bowline knot. See Illust. under Knot. Ð On a bowline, closeÐhauled or sailing close to the wind; Ð said of a ship.Bowl¶ing (?), n. The act of playing at or rolling bowls, or of rolling the ball at cricket; the game of bowls or of tenpins.Bowling alley, a covered place for playing at bowls or tenpins. Ð Bowling green, a level piece of greensward or smooth ground for bowling, as the small park in lower Broadway, New York, where the Dutch of New Amsterdam played this game.?Bowls (?), n. pl. See Bowl, a ball, a game.Bow¶man (?), n.; pl. Bowmen (?). A man who uses a bow; an archer.The whole city shall flee for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen.Jer.iv.29.Bowman's root. (Bot.) See Indian physic, under Indian.Bow¶man (?), n. (Naut.) The man who rows the foremost oar in a boat; the bow oar.Bowne (?), v.t. [See Boun.] To make ready; to prepare; to dress. [Obs.]We will all bowne ourselves for the banquet.Sir W.Scott.Bow¶ net· (?).1. A trap for lobsters, being a wickerwork cylinder with a funnelÐshaped entrance at one end.2. A net for catching birds.J.H.Walsh.Bow¶ oar· (?).1. The oar used by the bowman.2. One who rows at the bow of a boat.Bow¶Ðpen· (?), n. BowÐcompasses carrying a drawing pen. See BowÐcompass.Bow¶Ðpen·cil (?), n. BowÐcompasses, one leg of which carries a pencil.Bow¶Ðsaw· (?), n. A saw with a thin or narrow blade set in a strong frame.Bowse (?), v.i. [See Booze, and Bouse.]1. To carouse; to bouse; to booze.De Quincey.2. (Naut.) To pull or haul; as, to bowse upon a tack; to bowse away, i.e., to pull all together.Bowse, n. A carouse; a drinking bout; a booze.Bow¶shot· (?), n. The distance traversed by an arrow shot from a bow.Bow¶sprit· (?), n. [Bow + sprit; akin to D.boegspriet; boeg bow of a ship + spriet, E. sprit, also Sw. bogspr”t, G. bugspriet.] (Naut.) A large boom or spar, which project over the stem of a ship or other vessel, to carry sail forward.Bows¶sen (?), v.t. To drench; to soak; especially, to immerse (in water believed to have curative properties). [Obs.]There were many bowssening places, for curing of mad men.…If there appeared small amendment he was bowssened again and again.Carew.Bow¶string· (?), n.1. The string of a bow.2. A string used by the Turks for strangling offenders.Bowstring bridge, a bridge formed of an arch of timber or iron, often braced, the thrust of which is resisted by a tie forming a chord of the arch. Ð Bowstring girder, an arched beam strengthened by a tie connecting its two ends. Ð Bowstring hemp (Bot.), the tenacious fiber of the Sanseviera Zeylanica, growing in India and Africa, from which bowstrings are made.Balfour.Bow¶string· (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p.] Bowstringed (?) orBowstrung (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bowstringing.] To strangle with a bowstring.Bow¶stringed· (?), p.a. 1. Furnished with bowstring.2. Put to death with a bowstring; strangled.Bow¶tel (?), n. See Boultel.Bow¶wow· (?), n. An onomatopoetic name for a dog or its bark. Ð a. Onomatopoetic; as, the bowwow theory of language; a bowwow word.[Jocose.]Bow¶yer (?), n. [From Bow, like lawyer from law.]1. An archer; one who uses bow.2. One who makes or sells bows.Box (?), n. [As. box, L. buxus, fr. Gr. ?. See Box a case.] (Bot.) A tree or shrub, flourishing in different parts of the world. The common box (Buxus sempervirens) has two varieties, one of which, the dwaft box (B.suffruticosa), is much used for borders in gardens. The wood of the tree varieties, being very hard and smooth, is extensively used in the arts, as by turners, engravers, mathematical instrument makers, etc.Box elder, the ashÐleaved maple (Negundo aceroides), of North America. Ð Box holly, the butcher's broom (Russus aculeatus). Ð Box thorn, a shrub (Lycium barbarum). Ð Box tree, the tree variety of the common box.Box, n.pl. Boxes (?) [As. box a small case or vessel with a cover; akin to OHG. buhsa box, G. bchse; fr. L. buxus boxwood, anything made of boxwood. See Pyx, and cf. Box a tree, Bushel.]1. A receptacle or case of any firm material and of various shapes.2. The quantity that a box contain.3. A space with a few seats partitioned off in a theater, or other place of public amusement.Laughed at by the pit, box, galleries, nay, stage.Dorset.The boxes and the pit are sovereign judges.Dryden.4. A chest or any receptacle for the deposit of money; as, a poor box; a contribution box.Yet since his neighbors give, the churl unlocks,Damning the poor, his trippleÐbolted box.J.Warton.5. A small country house. ½A shooting box.¸Wilson.Tight boxes neatly sashed.Cowper.6. A boxlike shed for shelter; as, a sentry box.7. (Mach) (a) An axle box, journal box, journal bearing, or bushing. (b) A chamber or section of tube in which a valve works; the bucket of a lifting pump.8. The driver's seat on a carriage or coach.9. A present in a box; a present; esp. a Christmas box or gift. ½A Christmas box.¸Dickens.10. (Baseball) The square in which the pitcher stands.11. (Zo”l.) A Mediterranean food fish; the bogue.µ Box is much used adjectively or in composition; as box lid, box maker, box circle, etc.; also with modifying substantives; as money box, letter box, bandbox, hatbox or hat box, snuff box or snuffbox.Box beam (Arch.), a beam made of metal plates so as to have the form of a long box. Ð Box car (Railroads), a freight car covered with a roof and inclosed on the sides to protect its contents. Ð Box chronometer, a ship's chronometer, mounted in gimbals, to preserve its proper position. Ð Box coat, a thick overcoat for driving; sometimes with a heavy cape to carry off the rain. Ð Box coupling, a metal collar uniting the ends of shafts or other parts in machinery. Ð Box crab (Zo”l.), a crab of the genus Calappa, which, when at rest with the legs retracted, resembles a box. Ð Box drain (Arch.), a drain constructed with upright sides, and with flat top and bottom. Ð Box girder (Arch.), a box beam. Ð Box groove (Metal Working), a closed groove between two rolls, formed by a collar on one roll fitting between collars on another.R.W.Raymond.Ð Box metal, an alloy of copper and tin, or of zinc, lead, and antimony, for the bearings of journals, etc. Ð Box plait, a plait that doubles both to the rigth and the left. Ð Box turtle or Box tortoise (Zo”l.), a land tortoise or turtle of the genera Cistudo and Emys; Ð so named because it can withdraw entirely within its shell, which can be closed by hinged joints in the lower shell. Also, humorously, an exceedingly reticent person.Emerson.Ð In a box, in a perplexity or an embarrassing position; in difficulty. (Colloq.) Ð In the wrong box, out of one's place; out of one's element; awkwardly situated. (Colloq.)Ridley (1554)?Box, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Boxed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Boxing.]1. To inclose in a box.2. To furnish with boxes, as a wheel.3. (Arch.) To inclose with boarding, lathing, etc., so as to bring to a required form.To box a tree, to make an incision or hole in a tree for the purpose of procuring the sap. Ð To box off, to divide into tight compartments. Ð To box up. (a) To put into a box in order to save; as, he had boxed up twelve score pounds. (b) To confine; as, to be boxed up in narrow quarters.Box, n. [Cf.Dan. baske to slap, bask slap, blow. Cf. Pash.] A blow on the head or ear with the hand.A goodÐhumored box on the ear.W.Irving.Box, v.i. To fight with the fist; to combat with, or as with, the hand or fist; to spar.Box, v.t. To strike with the hand or fist, especially to strike on the ear, or on the side of the head.Box, v.t. [Cf.Sp. boxar, now spelt bojar.] To boxhaul.To box off (Naut.), to turn the head of a vessel either way by bracing the headyards aback. Ð To box the compass (Naut.), to name the thirtyÐtwo points of the compass in their order.Box¶ber·ry (?), n. (Bot.) The wintergreern. (Gaultheria procumbens). [Local, U.S.]

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Box¶en (?), a. Made of boxwood; pertaining to, or resembling, the box (Buxus). [R.]The faded hue of sapless boxen leaves.Dryden.Box¶er (?),n. One who packs boxes.Box¶er ,n. One who boxes; a pugilist.Box¶fish·ÿ(?), n. (Zo”l.) The trunkfish.Box¶haul· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boxhauled (?).] (Naut.) To put (a vessel) on the other tack by veering her short round on her heel; Ð so called from the circumstance of bracing the head yards abox (i. e., sharp aback, on the wind).Totten.Box¶haul·ing, n. (Naut.) A method of going from one tack to another. See Boxhaul.Box¶ing, n. 1. The act of inclosing (anything) in a box, as for storage or transportation.2. Material used in making boxes or casings.3. Any boxlike inclosure or recess; a casing.4. (Arch.) The external case of thin material used to bring any member to a required form.Box¶ing, n. The act of fighting with the fist; a combat with the fist; sparring.Blackstone.Boxing glove, a large padded mitten or glove used in sparring for exercise or amusement.Box¶Ði·ronÿ(?), n. A hollow smoothing iron containing a heater within.Box¶keep·er (?), n. An attendant at a theater who has charge of the boxes.Box¶thorn· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Lycium, esp. Lycium barbarum.Box¶wood· (?), n. The wood of the box (Buxus).Boy (?), n. [Cf. D. boef, Fries. boi, boy; akin to G. bube, Icel. bofi rouge.] A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; a lad; hence, a son.My only boy fell by the side of great Dundee.Sir W. Scott.µBoy is often used as a term of comradeship, as in college, or in the army or navy. In the plural used colloquially of members of an assosiaton, fraternity, or party.Boy bishop, a boy (usually a chorister) elected bishop, in old Christian sports, and invested with robes and other insignia. He practiced a kind of mimicry of the ceremonies in which the bishop usually officiated. The Old Boy, the Devil. [Slang] Ð Yellow boys, guineas. [Slang, Eng.] Ð Boy's love, a popular English name of Southernwood (Artemisia abrotonum);) Ð called also lad's love. Ð Boy's play, childish amusements; anything trifling.Boy, v. t. To act as a boy; Ð in allusion to the former practice of boys acting women's parts on the stage.I shall seeSome squeaking Cleopatra boy my greatness.Shak.BoÐyar¶ (?), BoÐyard¶ (?), n. [Russ. boi rin'.] A member of a Russian aristocratic order abolished by Peter the Great. Also, one of a privileged class in Roumania.µ English writers sometimes call Russian landed proprietors boyars.Ø Boy¶au (?), n.; pl. Boyaux or Boyaus (?). [F. boyau gut, a long and narrow place, and (of trenches) a branch. See Bowel.] (Fort.) A winding or zigzag trench forming a path or communication from one siegework to another, to a magazine, etc.Boy¶cott· (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Boycotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Boycotting.] [From Captain Boycott, a land agent in Mayo, Ireland, so treated in 1880.] To combine against (a landlord, tradesman, employer, or other person), to withhold social or business relations from him, and to deter other from holding such relations; to subject to a boycott.Boy¶cott, n. The process, fact, or pressure of boycotting; a combining to withhold or prevent dealing or social intercourse with a tradesman, employer, etc.; social and business interdiction for the purpose of coercion.Boy¶cott·er (?), n. A participant in boycotting.Boy¶cottÐism (?), n. Methods of boycotters.Boy¶deÐkin (?), n. A dagger; a bodkin. [Obs.]Boy¶er (?), n. [D. boeijer; Ð so called because these vessels were employed for laying the boeijen, or buoys: cf. F. boyer. See Buoy.] (Naut.) A Flemish sloop with a castle at each end.Sir W. Raleigh.Boy¶hood (?), n. [Boy + Ðhood.] The state of being a boy; the time during which one is a boy.Hood.Boy¶ish, a. Resembling a boy in a manners or opinions; belonging to a boy; childish; trifling; puerile.A boyish, odd conceit.Baillie.Boy¶ishÐly, adv. In a boyish manner; like a boy.Boy¶ishÐness, n. The manners or behavior of a boy.Boy¶ism (?), n 1. Boyhood. [Obs.]T.Warton.2. The nature of a boy; childishness.Dryden.Boyle's¶ law·ÿ(?). See under Law.Ø Bo¶za (?), n. [See Bosa.] An acidulated fermented drink of the Arabs and Egyptians, made from millet seed and various astringent substances; also, an intoxicating beverage made from hemp seed, darnel meal, and water. [Written also bosa, bozah, bouza.]BraÐbant¶ine (?), a. Pertaining to Brabant, an ancient province of the Netherlands.Brab¶ble (?), v.i. [D. brabbelen to talk confusedly. ?95. Cf. Blab, Babble.] To clamor; to contest noisily. [R.]Brab¶ble, n. A broil; a noisy contest; a wrangle.This petty brabble will undo us all.Shak.Brab¶bleÐment (?), n. A brabble. [r.]Holland.Brab¶blerÿ3, n. A clamorous, quarrelsome, noisy fellow; a wrangler. [R]Shak.Brac¶cate (?), a.[L. bracatus wearing breeches, fr. bracae breeches.] (Zo”l.) Furnished with feathers which conceal the feet.Brace (?), n. [OF. brace, brasse, the two arms, embrace, fathom, F. brasse fathom, fr. L. bracchia the arms (stretched out), pl. of bracchium arm; cf. Gr. ?.] 1. That which holds anything tightly or supports it firmly; a bandage or a prop.2. A cord, ligament, or rod, for producing or maintaining tension, as a cord on the side of a drum.The little bones of the ear drum do in straining and relaxing it as the braces of the war drum do in that.Derham.3. The state of being braced or tight; tension.The laxness of the tympanum, when it has lost its brace or tension.Holder.4. (Arch. & Engin.) A piece of material used to transmit, or change the direction of, weight or pressure; any one of the pieces, in a frame or truss, which divide the structure into triangular parts. It may act as a tie, or as a strut, and serves to prevent distortion of the structure, and transverse strains in its members. A boiler brace is a diagonal stay, connecting the head with the shell.5. (Print.) A vertical curved line connecting two or more words or lines, which are to be taken together; thus, boll, bowl; or, in music, used to connect staves.6. (Naut.) A rope reeved through a block at the end of a yard, by which the yard is moved horizontally; also, a rudder gudgeon.7. (Mech.) A curved instrument or handle of iron or wood, for holding and turning bits, etc.; a bitstock.8. A pair; a couple; as, a brace of ducks; now rarely applied to persons, except familiarly or with some contempt. ½A brace of greyhounds.¸Shak.He is said to have shot…fifty brace of pheasants.Addison.A brace of brethren, both bishops, both eminent for learning and religion, now appeared in the church.Fuller.But you, my brace of lords.Shak.9. pl. Straps or bands to sustain trousers; suspenders.I embroidered for you a beautiful pair of braces.Thackeray.10. Harness; warlike preparation. [Obs.]For that it stands not in such warlike brace.Shak.11. Armor for the arm; vantbrace.12. (Mining) The mouth of a shaft. [Cornwall]Angle brace. See under Angle.Braceÿ(?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Braced (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bracing.] 1. To furnish with braces; to support; to prop; as, to brace a beam in a building.2. To draw tight; to tighten; to put in a state of tension; to strain; to strengthen; as, to brace the nerves.And welcome war to brace her drums.Campbell.3. To bind or tie closely; to fasten tightly.The women of China, by bracing and binding them from their infancy, have very little feet.Locke.Some who spurs had first braced on.Sir W. Scott.4. To place in a position for resisting pressure; to hold firmly; as, he braced himself against the crowd.A sturdy lance in his right hand he braced.Fairfax.5. (Naut.) To move around by means of braces; as, to brace the yards.To brace about (Naut.), to turn (a yard) round for the contrary tack. ÐTo brace a yard (Naut.), to move it horizontally by means of a brace. Ð To brace in (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by hauling in the weather brace. Ð To brace one's self, to call up one's energies. ½He braced himself for an effort which he was little able to make.¸J.D.Forbes.Ð To brace to (Naut.), to turn (a yard) by checking or easing off the lee brace, and hauling in the weather one, to assist in tacking. Ð To brace up (Naut.), to bring (a yard) nearer the direction of the keel by hauling in the lee brace. Ð To brace up sharp (Naut.), to turn (a yard) as far forward as the rigging will permit.Brace, v.i. To get tone or vigor; to rouse one's energies; Ðwith up. [Colloq.]Brace¶let (?), n. [F. bracelet, dim. of OF. bracel armlet, prop. little arm, dim. of bras arm, fr. L. bracchium. See Brace,n.] 1. An ornamental band or ring, for the wrist or the arm; in modern times, an ornament encircling the wrist, worn by women or girls.2. A piece of defensive armor for the arm.Johnson.Bra¶cer (?), n. 1. That which braces, binds, or makes firm; a band or bandage.2. A covering to protect the arm of the bowman from the vibration of the string; also, a brassart.Chaucer.3. A medicine, as an astringent or a tonic, which gives tension or tone to any part of the body.Johnson.Brach (?), n. [OE. brache a kind of scenting hound or setting dog, OF. brache, ? braque, fr. OHG. braccho, G. bracke; possibly akin to E. fragrant, fr. L. fragrare to smell.] A bitch of the hound kind.Shak.Ø BrachÐel¶yÐtra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. (?) short + ? a covering.] (Zo”l.) A group of beetles having short elytra, as the rove beetles.ØBrach¶iÐa (?), n. pl. See Brachium.Brach¶iÐal (?) or (?), a. [L. brachialis (bracchÐ), from bracchium (bracchÐ) arm: cf. F. brachial.] 1. (Anat.) Pertaining or belonging to the arm; as, the brachial artery; the brachial nerve.2. Of the nature of an arm; resembling an arm.Ø Brach·iÐa¶ta (?), n. pl. [See Brachiate.] (Zo”l.) A division of the Crinoidea, including those furnished with long jointed arms. See Crinoidea.Brach¶iÐateÿ(?), a. [L. brachiatus (bracchÐ) with boughs or branches like arms, from brackium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Bot.) Having branches in pairs, decussated, all nearly horizontal, and each pair at right angles with the next, as in the maple and lilac.Brach·iÐog¶aÐnoid (?), n. One of the Brachioganoidei.Ø Brach·iÐoÐgaÐnoid¶eÐi (?), n. pl.[NL., from L. brachium (bracchÐ) arm + NL. ganoidei.] (Zo”l.) An order of ganoid fishes of which the bichir of Africa is a living example. See Crossopterygii.Ø Brach·iÐoÐla¶riÐaÿ(?), n. pl. [ NL., fr. L. brachiolum (bracchÐ), dim. of brachium (bracchÐ) arm.] (Zo”l.) A peculiar early larval stage of certain starfishes, having a bilateral structure, and swimming by means of bands of vibrating cilia.Brach¶iÐoÐpodÿ(?), n. [Cf.F. brachiopode.] (Zo”l.) One of the Brachiopoda, or its shell.Ø Brach·iÐop¶oÐda (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ? arm + Ðpoda.] (Zo”l.) A class of Molluscoidea having a symmetrical bivalve shell, often attached by a fleshy peduncle.µ Within the shell is a pair of ½arms,¸ often long and spirally coiled, bearing rows of ciliated tentacles by which a current of water is made to flow into the mantle cavity, bringing the microscopic food to the mouth between the bases of the arms. The shell is both opened and closed by special muscles. They form two orders; Lyopoma, in which the shell is thin, and without a distinct hinge, as in Lingula; and Arthropoma, in which the firm calcareous shell has a regular hinge, as in Rhynchonella. See Arthropomata.Ø Brach¶iÐum (?), n.; pl. Bracchiaÿ(?). [L. brachium or bracchium, arm.] (Anat.) The upper arm; the segment of the fore limb between the shoulder and the elbow.Brach¶manÿ(?), n. [L. Brachmanae, pl., Gr. ?.] See Brahman. [Obs.]Brach·yÐcat·aÐlec¶ticÿ(?), n. [Gr. ?; ? short + ? to leave off; cf. ? incomplete.] (Gr.& Last. Pros.) A verse wanting two syllables at its termination.Brach·yÐceÐphal¶ic (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlous (?)}, a. [Gr. ? short + ? head.] (Anat.) Having the skull short in proportion to its breadth; shortheaded; Ð in distinction from dolichocephalic.Brach·yÐceph¶aÐly (?), Brach·yÐceph¶aÐlism (?)}, n. [Cf. F. Brachyc‚phalie]. (Anat.) The state or condition of being brachycephalic; shortness of head.BraÐchyc¶erÐal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? horn.] (Zo”l.) Having short antenn‘, as certain insects.Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal (?), a. [Gr. ? short + E. diagonal.] Pertaining to the shorter diagonal, as of a rhombic prism.Brachydiagonal axis, the shorter lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal.Brach·yÐdiÐag¶oÐnal, n. The shorter of the diagonals in a rhombic prism.Brach·yÐdomeÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. dome.] (Crystallog.) A dome parallel to the shorter lateral axis. See Dome.BraÐchyg¶raÐpher (?), n. A writer in short hand; a stenographer.He asked the brachygrapher whether he wrote the notes of the sermon.Gayton.BraÐchyg¶raÐphyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? short + Ðgraphy: cf. F. brachygraphie.] Stenograhy.B.Jonson.BraÐchyl¶oÐgyÿ(?), n. [Gr. ? :? short + ? discourse: cf. F. brachylogie.] ( Rhet.) Conciseness of expression; brevity.Brach·yÐpin¶aÐcoid (?), n. [Gr. ? short + E. pinacoid.] (Crytallog.) A plane of an orthorhombic crystal which is parallel both to the vertical axis and to the shorter lateral (brachydiagonal) axis.Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐraÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? shortÐwinged; short + ? feather, wing.] (Zo”l.) A group of Coleoptera having short wings; the rove beetles.Ø BraÐchyp¶teÐres (?), n.pl. [NL. See Brachyptera. ] (Zo”l.) A group of birds, including auks, divers, and penguins.BraÐchyp¶terÐous (?), a. [Gr. ? :cf. F. brachyptŠre.] (Zo”l.) Having short wings.BraÐchys¶toÐchrone (?), n. [Incorrect for brachistochrone, fr. Gr. ? shortest (superl. of ? short) + ? time : cf. F. brachistochrone. ] (Math.) A curve, in which a body, starting from a given point, and descending solely by the force of gravity, will reach another given point in a shorter time than it could by any other path. This curve of quickest descent, as it is sometimes called, is, in a vacuum, the same as the cycloid.Brach¶yÐty·pous (?), a. [Gr. ? short + ? stamp, form.] (Min.) Of a short form.Ø Brach·yÐu¶raÿ(?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? short + ? tail.] (Zo”l.) A group of decapod Crustacea, including the common crabs, characterized by a small and short abdomen, which is bent up beneath the large cephaloÐthorax. [Also spelt Brachyoura.] See Crab, and Illustration in Appendix.Brach·yÐu¶ralÿ(?), Brach·yÐu¶rous (?)}, a. [Cf. F. brachyure.] (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Brachyura.Brach·yÐu¶ran (?), n. One of the Brachyura.Bra¶cing (?), a. Imparting strength or tone; strengthening; invigorating; as, a bracing north wind.Bra¶cing (?), n. 1. The act of strengthening, supporting, or propping, with a brace or braces; the state of being braced.2. (Engin.) Any system of braces; braces, collectively; as, the bracing of a truss.

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Brack (?), n. [Cf.D. braak, Dan. br‘k, a breaking, Sw. & Isel. brak a crackling, creaking. Cf. Breach.]An opening caused by the parting of any solid body; a crack or breach; a flaw.Stain or brack in her sweet reputation.J.Fletcher.Brack, n. [D. brak, adj., salt; cf. LG. wrak refuse, G. brack.] Salt or brackish water. [Obs.]Drayton.Brack¶en (?), n. [OE. braken, AS. bracce. See 2d Brake, n.] A brake or fern.Sir W.Scott.Brack¶et (?), n. [Cf.OF. braguette codpiece, F. brayette, Sp. bragueta, also a projecting mold in architecture; dim. fr.L. bracae breeches; cf. also, OF. bracon beam, prop, support; of unknown origin. Cf. Breeches.]1. (Arch.) An architectural member, plain or ornamental, projecting from a wall or pier, to support weight falling outside of the same; also, a decorative feature seeming to discharge such an office.µ This is the more general word. See Brace, Cantalever, Console, Corbel, Strut.2. (Engin. & Mech.) A piece or combination of pieces, usually triangular in general shape, projecting from, or fastened to, a wall, or other surface, to support heavy bodies or to strengthen angles.3. (Naut.) A shot, crooked timber, resembling a knee, used as a support.4. (Mil.) The cheek or side of an ordnance carriage.5. (Print.) One of two characters [ ]?, used to inclose a reference, explanation, or note, or a part to be excluded from a sentence, to indicate an interpolation, to rectify a mistake, or to supply an omission, and for certain other purposes; Ð called also crotchet.6. A gas fixture or lamp holder projecting from the face of a wall, column, or the like.Bracket light, a gas fixture or a lamp attached to a wall, column, etc.Brack¶et, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bracketed; p.pr. & vb.n. Bracketing] To place within brackets; to connect by brackets; to furnish with brackets.Brack¶etÏing, n. (Arch.) A series or group of brackets; brackets, collectively.Brack¶ish (?), a. [See Brack salt water.] Saltish, or salt in a moderate degree, as water in saline soil.Springs in deserts found seem sweet, all brackish though they be.Byron.Brack¶ishÏness, n. The quality or state of being brackish, or somewhat salt.Brack¶y (?), a. Brackish.Drayton.Bract (?), n. [See Bractea.] (Bot.) (a) A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises. (b) Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower.µ Bracts are often inconspicuous, but sometimes large and showy, or highly colored, as in many cactaceous plants. The spathes of aroid plants are conspicuous forms of bracts.ØBrac¶teÏa (?), n. [L., a thin plate of metal or wood, gold foil.] (Bot.) A bract.Brac¶teÏal (?), a. [Cf.F. bract‚al.] Having the nature or appearance of a bract.Brac¶teÏate (?), a. [Cf.L. bracteatus covered with gold plate.] (Bot.) Having a bract or bracts.Bract¶ed (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracts.Brac¶teÏoÏlate (?), a. (Bot.) Furnished with bracteoles or bractlets.Brac¶teÏole (?), n. [L. bracteola, dim. of bractea. See Bractea.] (Bot.) Same as Bractlet.Bract¶less, a. (Bot.) Destitute of bracts.Bract¶let (?), n. [Bract + Ðlet] (Bot.) A bract on the stalk of a single flower, which is itself on a main stalk that support several flowers.Gray.Brad (?), n. [Cf.OE. brod, Dan. braad prick, sting, brodde ice spur, frost nail, Sw. brodd frost nail, Icel. broddr any pointed piece of iron or stell; akin to AS. brord point, spire of grass, and perh. to E. bristle. See Bristle, n.]A thin nail, usually small, with a slight projection at the top on one side instead of a head; also, a small wire nail, with a flat circular head; sometimes, a small, tapering, squareÐbodied finishing nail, with a countersunk head.Brad¶ awl· (?). A straight awl with chisel edge, used to make holes for brads, etc.Weale.BraÏdoon¶ (?), n. Same as Bridoon.ØBrae (?), n. [See Bray a hill.] A hillside; a slope; a bank; a hill. [Scot.]Burns.Brag (?), v.i. [imp. & p. p. Bragged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bragging.] [OE. braggen to resound, blow, boast (cf. F. braguer to lead a merry life, flaunt, boast, OF. brague merriment), from Icel. braka to creak, brak noise, fr. the same root as E. break; properly then, to make a noise, boast. ?95.] To talk about one's self, or things pertaining to one's self, in a manner intended to excite admiration, envy, or wonder; to talk boastfully; to boast; Ð often followed by of; as, to brag of one's exploits, courage, or money, or of the great things one intends to do.Coinceit, more rich in matter than in words,Brags of his substance, not of ornament.Shak.Syn. Ð To swagger; boast; vapor; bluster; vaunt; flourish; talk big.Brag, v.t. To boast of. [Obs.]Shak.Brag, n.1. A boast or boasting; bragging; ostentatious pretense or self glorification.C‘sar … made not here his bragOf ½came,¸ and ½saw,¸ and ½overcame.¸Shak.2. The thing which is boasted of.Beauty is Nature's brag.Milton.3. A game at cards similar to bluff.Chesterfield.Brag (?), a. [See Brag, v.i.] Brisk; full of spirits; boasting; pretentious; conceited. [Arhaic]A brag young fellow.B.Jonson.Brag, adv. Proudly; boastfully. [Obs.]Fuller.Brag·gaÏdo¶cio (?), n. [From Braggadocchio, a boastful character in Spenser's ½Fa‰rie Queene.¸]1. A braggart; a boaster; a swaggerer.Dryden.2. Empty boasting; mere brag; pretension.Brag¶gardÏism (?), n. [See Braggart.] Boastfulness; act of bragging.Shak.Brag¶gart (?), n. [OF. bragard flaunting, vain, bragging. See Brag, v.i.] A boaster.O, I could play the woman with mine eyes,And braggart with my tongue.Shak.Brag¶gart, a. Boastful.Ð Brag¶gartÏly, adv.Brag¶ger (?), n. One who brags; a boaster.Brag¶get (?), n. [OE. braket, bragot, fr. W. bragawd, bragod, fr. brag malt.] A liquor made of ale and honey fermented, with spices, etc. [Obs.]B.Jonson.

Brag¶ging·ly (?), adv. Boastingly.Brag¶less, a. Without bragging. [R.]Shak.Brag¶ly, adv. In a manner to be bragged of; finely; proudly. [Obs.]Spenser.Brah¶ma (?), n. [See Brahman.]1. (Hindoo Myth.) The One First Cause; also, one of the triad of Hindoo gods. The triad consists of Brahma, the Creator, Vishnu, the Preserver, and Siva, the Destroyer.µ According to the Hindoo religious books, Brahma (with the final a short), or Brahm, is the Divine Essence, the One First Cause, the All in All, while the personal gods, Brahm  (with the final a long), Vishnu, and Siva, are emanations or manifestations of Brahma the Divine Essence.2. (Zo”l.) A valuable variety of large, domestic fowl, peculiar in having the comb divided lengthwise into three parts, and the legs well feathered. There are two breeds, the dark or penciled, and the light; Ð called also Brahmapootra.Brah¶man (?), Brah¶min (?), } n.; pl. Brahmans, Brahmins. [Skr. Br¾hmana (cf. Brahman 0worship, holiness; the God Brahma, also Brahman): cf. F. Brahmane, Brachmane, Bramine, L. Brachmanae, Ðmanes, Ðmani, pl., Gr. ?, pl.] A person of the highest or sacerdotal caste among the Hindoos.Brahman bull (Zo”l.), the male of a variety of the zebu, or Indian ox, considered sacred by the Hindoos.Brah¶manÏess (?), n. A Brahmani.Brah¶manÏi (?), n. [Fem. of Brahman.] Any Brahman woman. [Written also Brahmanee.]BrahÏman¶ic (?), ÏicÏal (?), BrahÏmin¶Ïic (?),ÏicÏal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Brahmans or to their doctrines and worship.Brah¶manÏism (?), Brah¶minÏism (?), } n. The religion or system of doctrines of the Brahmans; the religion of Brahma.Brah¶manÏist (?), Brah¶minÏist (?), } n. An adherent of the religion of the Brahmans.Brah¶moÏism (?), n. The religious system of BrahmoÐsomaj.Balfour.

Brah·moÐsoÏmaj¶ (?), n. [Bengalese, a wor?hiping assembly.] A modern reforming theistic sect among the Hindos. [Written also BrahmaÐsamaj.]Braid (?), v.t. [imp. &. p.p. Braided; p. pr. & vb. n. Braiding.] [ OE. braiden, breiden, to pull, reach, braid, AS. bregdan to move to and fro, to weave; akin. to Icel. breg?a, D. breiden to knit, OS. bregdan to weave, OHG. brettan to brandish. Cf. Broid.]1. To weave, interlace, or entwine together, as three or more strands or threads; to form into a braid; to plait.Braid your locks with rosy twine.Milton.2. To mingle, or to bring to a uniformly soft consistence, by beating, rubbing, or straining, as in some culinary operations.3. To reproach. [Obs.] See Upbraid.Shak.Braid (?), n. 1. A plait, band, or narrow fabric formed by intertwining or weaving together different strands.A braid of hair composed of two different colors twined together.Scott.2. A narrow fabric, as of wool, silk, or linen, used for binding, trimming, or ornamenting dresses, etc.Braid, n. [Cf.Icel. breg?a to move quickly.]1. A quick motion; a start. [Obs.]Sackville.2. A fancy; freak; caprice. [Obs.]R.Hyrde.Braid v.i. To start; to awake. [Obs.]Chaucer.Braid, a. [AS. br‘d, bred, deceit; akin to Icel. brag? trick, AS. bredan, bregdan, to braid, knit, (hence) to knit a net, to draw into a net, i.e., to deceive. See Braid, v.t.] Deceitful. [Obs.]Since Frenchmen are so braid,Marry that will, I live and die a maid.Shak.Braid¶ing, n. 1. The act of making or using braids.2. Braids, collectively; trimming.A gentleman enveloped in mustachios, whiskers, fur collars, and braiding.Thackeray.Brail (?), n. [OE. brayle furling rope, OF. braiol a band placed around the breeches, fr.F. braies, pl., breeches, fr.L. braca, bracae, breeches, a Gallic word; cf. Arm. bragez. Cf. Breeches.]1. (Falconry) A thong of soft leather to bind up a hawk's wing.2. pl. (Naut.) Ropes passing through pulleys, and used to haul in or up the leeches, bottoms, or corners of sails, preparatory to furling.3. A stock at each end of a seine to keep it stretched.Brail, v.t. (Naut.) To haul up by the brails; Ð used with up; as, to brail up a sail.Brain (?), n. [OE. brain, brein, AS. bragen, br‘gen; akin to LG. br„gen, bregen, D. brein, and perh. to Gr. ?, the upper part of head, if ? =? ? 95.]1. (Anat.) The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. It is simply the anterior termination of the spinal cord, and is developed from three embryonic vesicles, whose cavities are connected with the central canal of the cord; the cavities of the vesicles become the central cavities, or ventricles, and the walls thicken unequally and become the three segments, the foreÐ, midÐ, and hindÐbrain.µ In the brain of man the cerebral lobes, or largest part of the forebrain, are enormously developed so as to overhang the cerebellum, the great lobe of the hindbrain, and completely cover the lobes of the midbrain. The surface of the cerebrum is divided into irregular ridges, or convolutions, separated by grooves (the soÐcalled fissures and sulci), and the two hemispheres are connected at the bottom of the longitudinal fissure by a great transverse band of nervous matter, the corpus callosum, while the two halves of the cerebellum are connected on the under side of the brain by the bridge, or pons Varolii.2. (Zo”l.) The anterior or cephalic ganglion in insects and other invertebrates.3. The organ or seat of intellect; hence, the understanding. ½ My brain is too dull.¸Sir W.Scott.µ In this sense, often used in the plural.4. The affections; fancy; imagination. [R.]Shak.To have on the brain, to have constantly in one's thoughts, as a sort of monomania. [Low]Brain box or case, the bony on cartilaginous case inclosing the brain. Ð Brain coral, Brain stone coral (Zo”l), a massive reefÐbuilding coral having the surface covered by ridges separated by furrows so as to resemble somewhat the surface of the brain, esp. such corals of the genera M‘andrina and Diploria. Ð Brain fag (Med.), brain weariness. See Cerebropathy.Ð Brain fever (Med.), fever in which the brain is specially affected; any acute cerebral affection attended by fever. Ð Brain sand, calcareous matter found in the pineal gland.Brain (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brained (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Braining.]1. To dash out the brains of; to kill by beating out the brains. Hence, Fig.: To destroy; to put an end to; to defeat.There thou mayst brain him.Shak.It was the swift celerity of the death …That brained my purpose.Shak.

2. To conceive; to understand. [Obs.]?T is still a dream, or else such stuff as madmenTongue, and brain not.Shak.Brained (?), p.a. Supplied with brains.If th' other two be brained like us.Shak.Brain¶ish, a. HotÐheaded; furious. [R.]Shak.Brain¶less, a. Without understanding; silly; thougthless; witless. Ð Brain¶lessÏness, n.Brain¶pan· (?), n. [Brain + pan.] The bones which inclose the brain; the skull; the cranium.Brain¶sick· (?), a. Disordered in the understanding; giddy; thoughtless. Ð Brain¶sickÏness, a.Brain¶sick·ly, adv. In a brainsick manner.Brain¶y (?), a. Having an active or vigorous mind. [Colloq.]Braise, Braize (?), n. [So called from its iridescent colors.] (Zo”l.) A European marine fish (Pagrus vulgaris) allied to the American scup; the becker. The name is sometimes applied to the related species. [Also written brazier.]Braise, Braize, n. [F.] 1. Charcoal powder; breeze.2. (Cookery) Braised meat.Braise, v.t. [F. braiser, fr. braise coals.] (Cookery) To stew or broil in a covered kettle or pan.A braising kettle has a deep cover which holds coals; consequently the cooking is done from above, as well as below.Mrs. Henderson.

Brais¶er (?), n. A kettle or pan for braising.Brait (?), n. [Cf.W. braith variegated, Ir. breath, breagh, fine, comely.] A rough diamond.Braize (?), n. See Braise.Brake (?), imp. of Break. [Arhaic]Tennyson.Brake, n. [OE. brake fern; cf. AS. bracce fern, LG. brake willow bush, Da. bregne fern, G. brach fallow; prob. orig. the growth on rough, broken ground, fr. the root of E. break. See Break, v.t., cf. Bracken, and 2d Brake, n.]1. (Bot.) A fern of the genus Pteris, esp. the P. aquilina, common in almost all countries. It has solitary stems dividing into three principal branches. Less properly: Any fern.2. A thicket; a place overgrown with shrubs and brambles, with undergrowth and ferns, or with canes.Rounds rising hillocks, brakes obscure and rough,To shelter thee from tempest and from rain.Shak.He stayed not for brake, and he stopped not for stone.Sir W.Scott.Cane brake, a thicket of canes. See Canebrake.

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Brake (?), n. [OE. brake; cf. LG. brake an instrument for breaking flax, G. breche, fr. the root of E. break. See Break, v. t., and cf. Breach.] 1. An instrument or machine to break or bruise the woody part of flax or hemp so that it may be separated from the fiber. 2. An extended handle by means of which a number of men can unite in working a pump, as in a fire engine. 3. A baker's kneading though. Johnson. 4. A sharp bit or snaffle. Pampered jades…which need nor break nor bit. Gascoigne. 5. A frame for confining a refractory horse while the smith is shoeing him; also, an inclosure to restrain cattle, horses, etc. A horse… which Philip had bought… and because of his fierceness kept him within a brake of iron bars. J. Brende. 6. That part of a carriage, as of a movable battery, or engine, which enables it to turn. 7. (Mil.) An ancient engine of war analogous to the crossbow and ballista. 8. (Agric.) A large, heavy harrow for breaking clods after plowing; a drag. 9. A piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction, as of a carriage or railway car, by the pressure of rubbers against the wheels, or of clogs or ratchets against the track or roadway, or of a pivoted lever against a wheel or drum in a machine. 10. (Engin.) An apparatus for testing the power of a steam engine, or other motor, by weighing the amount of friction that the motor will overcome; a friction brake. 11. A cart or carriage without a body, used in breaking in horses. 12. An ancient instrument of torture. Holinshed. Air brake. See Air brake, in the Vocabulary. Ð Brake beam or Brake bar, the beam that connects the brake blocks of opposite wheels. Ð Brake block. (a) The part of a brake holding the brake shoe. (b) A brake shoe. Ð Brake shoe or Brake rubber, the part of a brake against which the wheel rubs. Ð Brake wheel, a wheel on the platform or top of a car by which brakes are operated. Ð Continuous brake . See under Continuous. Brake¶man (?), n.; pl. Brakemen (?). 1. (Railroads) A man in charge of a brake or brakes. 2. (Mining) The man in charge of the winding (or hoisting) engine for a mine. Brak¶y (?), a. Full of brakes; abounding with brambles, shrubs, or ferns; rough; thorny. In the woods and braky glens. W.Browne. Bra¶ma (?), n. See Brahma. Bra¶mah press· (?). A hydrostatic press of immense power, invented by Joseph Bramah of London. See under Hydrostatic. Bram¶ble (?), n. [OE. brembil, AS.br?mbel, br?mbel (akin to OHG. bramal), fr. the same root as E. broom, As. br?m. See Broom.] 1. (Bot.) Any plant of the genus Rubus, including the raspberry and blackberry. Hence: Any rough, prickly shrub. The thorny brambles, and embracing bushes. Shak. 2. (Zo”l.) The brambling or bramble finch. Bram¶ble bush· (?). (Bot.) The bramble, or a collection of brambles growing together. He jumped into a bramble bush And scratched out both his eyes. Mother Goose. Bram¶bled (?), a. Overgrown with brambles. Forlorn she sits upon the brambled floor. T.Warton. Bram¶ble net· (?). A net to catch birds. Bram¶bling (?), n. [OE. bramline. See Bramble, n.] (Zo”l.) The European mountain finch (Fringilla montifringilla); Ð called also bramble finch and bramble. Bram¶bly (?), a. Pertaining to, resembling, or full of, brambles. ½In brambly wildernesses.¸ Tennyson. Brame (?), n. [Cf. Breme.] Sharp passion; vexation. [Obs.] HeartÐburning brame. Spenser. Bra¶min (?), BraÏmin¶ic (?), etc. See Brahman, Brachmanic, etc. Bran (?), n. [OE. bren, bran, OF. bren, F. bran, from Celtic; cf. Armor. brenn, Ir. bran, bran, chaff.] 1. The broken coat of the seed of wheat, rye, or other cereal grain, separated from the flour or meal by sifting or bolting; the coarse, chaffy part of ground grain. 2. (Zo”l.) The European carrion crow. Bran¶card (?), n. [F.] A litter on which a person may be carried. [Obs.] Coigrave. Branch (?), n.; pl. Branchesÿ(?). [OE. braunche, F. branche, fr. LL. branca claw of a bird or beast of prey; cf. Armor. brank branch, bough.] 1. (Bot.) A shoot or secondary stem growing from the main stem, or from a principal limb or bough of a tree or other plant. 2. Any division extending like a branch; any arm or part connected with the main body of thing; ramification; as, the branch of an antler; the branch of a chandelier; a branch of a river; a branch of a railway. Most of the branches , or streams, were dried up. W.Irving. 3. Any member or part of a body or system; a distinct article; a section or subdivision; a department. ½Branches of knowledge.¸ Prescott. It is a branch and parcel of mine oath. Shak. 4. (Geom.) One of the portions of a curve that extends outwards to an indefinitely great distance; as, the branches of an hyperbola. 5. A line of family descent, in distinction from some other line or lines from the same stock; any descendant in such a line; as, the English branch of a family. His father, a younger branch of the ancient stock. Carew. 6. (Naut.) A warrant or commission given to a pilot, authorizing him to pilot vessels in certain waters. Branches of a bridle, two pieces of bent iron, which bear the bit, the cross chains, and the curb. Ð Branch herring. See Alewife.Ð Root and branch , totally, wholly. Syn. Ð Bough; limb; shoot; offshoot; twig; sprig. Branch (?), a. Diverging from, or tributary to, a main stock, line, way, theme, etc.; as, a branch vein; a branch road or line; a branch topic; a branch store. Branch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Branchedÿ(?); p .pr. & vb. n. Branching.] 1. To shoot or spread in branches; to separate into branches; to ramify. 2. To divide into separate parts or subdivision. To branch off, to form a branch or a separate part; to diverge. Ð To branch out, to speak diffusively; to extend one's discourse to other topics than the main one; also, to enlarge the scope of one's business, etc. To branch out into a long disputation. Spectator. Branch, v. t. 1. To divide as into branches; to make subordinate division in. 2. To adorn with needlework representing branches, flowers, or twigs. The train whereof loose far behind her strayed, Branched with gold and pearl, most richly wrought. Spenser. Branch¶er (?), n. 1. That which shoots forth branches; one who shows growth in various directions. 2. (Falconry) A young hawk when it begins to leave the nest and take to the branches. Branch¶erÏy (?), n. A system of branches. Ø Bran¶chiÏa (?), n.; pl. Branchi?ÿ(?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, pl. of ?.] (Anat.) A gill; a respiratory organ for breathing the air contained in water, such as many aquatic and semiaquatic animals have. Bran¶chiÏal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to branchi‘ or gills. Branchial arches, the bony or cartilaginous arches which support the gills on each side of the throat of fishes and amphibians. See Illustration in Appendix. Ð Branchial clefts, the openings between the branchial arches through which water passes. Bran¶chiÏate (?), a. (Anat.) Furnished with branchi‘; as branchiate segments. BranÏchif¶erÏous (?), a. (Anat.) Having gills; branchiate; as, branchiferous gastropods. Branch¶iÏness (?), n. Fullness of branches. Branch¶ing, a. Furnished with branches; shooting our branches; extending in a branch or branches. Shaded with branching palm. Milton. Branch¶ing, n. The act or state of separation into branches; division into branches; a division or branch. The sciences, with their numerous branchings. L.Watts. Ø Bran·chiÏoÏgasÏtrop¶oÏda (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? gill + E. gastropoda.] (Zo”l.) Those Gastropoda that breathe by branchi‘, including the Prosobranchiata and Opisthobranchiata. Bran·chiÏom¶erÏism (?), n. [Gr. ? gill + Ðmere.] (Anat.) The state of being made up of branchiate segments. R. Wiedersheim. Bran¶chiÏoÏpod (?), n. One of the Branchiopoda. Ø Bran¶chiÏoÏpoda (?), n. pl. [Gr. ? gill + Ðpoda: cf. F. branchiopode.] (Zo”l.) An order of Entomostraca; Ð so named from the feet of branchiopods having been supposed to perform the function of gills. It includes the freshÐwater genera Branchipus, Apus, and Limnadia, and the genus Artemia found in salt lakes. It is also called Phyllopoda. See Phyllopoda, Cladocera. It is sometimes used in a broader sense. Bran·chiÏos¶teÏgal (?), a. [Gr. ? gill + ? to cover: cf. F. branchiostŠge.] (Anat.) Pertaining to the membrane covering the gills of fishes. Ð n. (Anat.) A branchiostegal ray. See Illustration of Branchial arches in Appendix. µ This term was formerly applied to a group of fishes having boneless branchi‘. But the arrangement was artificial, and has been rejected. Bran·chiÏos¶tege (?), (Anat.) The branchiostegal membrane. See Illustration in Appendix. Bran·chiÏos¶teÏgous (?), a. (Anat.) Branchiostegal. Ø Bran·chiÏos¶toÏma (?), n. [NL., fr., Gr. ? gill + ? mouth.] (Zo”l.) The lancelet. See Amphioxus. Ø Bran¶chiÏu¶ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr., Gr. ? gill + ? tail.] (Zo”l.) A group of Entomostraca, with suctorial mouths, including species parasitic on fishes, as the carp lice (Argulus). Branch¶less (?), a. Destitude of branches or shoots; without any valuable product; barren; naked. Branch¶let (?), n. [Branch + Ðlet.] A little branch; a twig. Branch¶ pi·lot (?). A pilot who has a branch or commission, as from Trinity House, England, for special navigation. Branch¶y (?), a. Full of branches; having wideÐspreading branches; consisting of branches. Beneath thy branchy bowers of thickest gloom. J.Scott. Brand (?), n. [OE. brand, brond, AS. brand brond brand, sword, from byrnan, beornan, to burn; akin to D., Dan., Sw., & G. brand brand, Icel. brandr a brand, blade of a sword. ?32. See Burn, v. t., and cf. Brandish.] 1. A burning piece of wood; or a stick or piece of wood partly burnt, whether burning or after the fire is extinct. Snatching a live brand from a wigwam, Mason threw it on a matted roof. Palfrey. 2. A sword, so called from its glittering or flashing brightness. [Poetic] Tennyson. Paradise, so late their happy seat, Waved over by that flaming brand. Milton. 3. A mark made by burning with a hot iron, as upon a cask, to designate the quality, manufacturer, etc., of the contents, or upon an animal, to designate ownership; Ð also, a mark for a similar purpose made in any other way, as with a stencil. Hence, figurately: Quality; kind; grade; as, a good brand of flour. 4. A mark put upon criminals with a hot iron. Hence: Any mark of infamy or vice; a stigma. The brand of private vice. Channing. 5. An instrument to brand with; a branding iron. 6. (Bot.) Any minute fungus which produces a burnt appearance in plants. The brands are of many species and several genera of the order Puccini‘i. Brand (?), v.t [imp. & p.p. Branded; p. pr. & vb. n. Branding.]. 1. To burn a distinctive mark into or upon with a hot iron, to indicate quality, ownership, etc., or to mark as infamous (as a convict). 2. To put an actual distinctive mark upon in any other way, as with a stencil, to show quality of contents, name of manufacture, etc. 3. Fig.: To fix a mark of infamy, or a stigma, upon. The Inquisition branded its victims with infamy. Prescott. There were the enormities, branded and condemned by the first and most natural verdict of common humanity. South. 4. To mark or impress indelibly, as with a hot iron. As if it were branded on my mind. Geo. Eliot. Brand¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, brands; a branding iron. 2. A gridiron. [Scot.] Brand¶ goose· (?). [Prob. fr. 1st brand + goose: cf. Sw. brandg†s. Cf. Brant.] (Zo”l.) A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla) usually called in America brant. See Brant. Bran¶died (?), a. Mingled with brandy; made stronger by the addition of brandy; flavored or treated with brandy; as, brandied peaches. Brand¶ing i·Ïron (?). An iron to brand with. Brand¶ i·ron. 1. A branding iron. 2. A trivet to set a pot on. Huloet. 3. The horizontal bar of an andiron. Bran¶dish (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Brandishedÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brandishing.] [OE. braundisen, F. brandir, fr. brand a sword, fr. OHG. brant brand. See Brand, n.] 1. To move or wave, as a weapon; to raise and move in various directions; to shake or flourish. The quivering lance which he brandished bright. Drake. 2. To play with; to flourish; as, to brandish syllogisms. Bran¶dish, n. A flourish, as with a weapon, whip, etc. ½Brandishes of the fan.¸ Tailer. Bran¶dishÐer (?), n. One who brandishes. Bran¶dle (?), v. t. & i. [F. brandiller.] To shake; to totter. [Obs.] Brand¶ling (?), Brand¶lin (?) }, n. (Zo”l.) Same as Branlin, fish and worm. Brand¶Ðnew¶ (?), a. [See Brand, and cf. Brannew.] Quite new; bright as if fresh from the forge. Brand¶ spore· (?). (Bot.) One of several spores growing in a series or chain, and produced by one of the fungi called brand. Bran¶dy (?), n.; pl. Brandiesÿ(?). [From older brandywine, brandwine, fr. D. brandewijn, fr. p. p. of branden to burn, distill + wijn wine, akin to G. branntwein. See Brand.] A strong alcoholic liquor distilled from wine. The name is also given to spirit distilled from other liquors, and in the United States to that distilled from cider and peaches. In northern Europe, it is also applied to a spirit obtained from grain. Brandy fruit, fruit preserved in brandy and sugar. Bran¶dyÏwine· (?), n. Brandy. [Obs.] Wiseman. Bran¶gle (?), n. [Prov. E. brangled confused, entangled, Scot. brangle to shake, menace; probably a variant of wrangle, confused with brawl. ?95.] A wrangle; a squabble; a noisy contest or dispute. [R.] A brangle between him and his neighbor. Swift. Bran¶gle, v.i [imp. & p. p. Brangledÿ(?); p.pr. & vb. n. Branglingÿ(?).] To wrangle; to dispute contentiously; to squabble. [R.] Bran¶gleÏment (?), n. Wrangle; brangle. [Obs.] Bran¶gler (?), n. A quarrelsome person. Bran¶gling (?), n. A quarrel. [R.] Whitlock. Brank (?), n. [Prov. of Celtic origin; cf. L. brance, brace, the Gallic name of a particularly white kind of corn.] Buckwheat. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell. Brank, Branks,} n. [Cf. Gael. brangus, brangas, a sort of pillory, Ir. brancas halter, or D. pranger fetter.] 1. A sort of bridle with wooden side pieces. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] Jamieson. 2. A scolding bridle, an instrument formerly used for correcting scolding women.It was an iron frame surrounding the head and heaving a triangular piece entering the mouth of the scold. Brank, v. i. 1. To hold up and toss the head; Ð applied to horses as spurning the bit. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] 2. To prance; to caper. [Scot.] Jamieson. Brank¶urÏsine (?), n. [F. brancÐursine, branchÐursine, fr. LL. branca claw + L. ursinus belonging to a bear (fr. ursus bear), i .e., bear's claw, because its leaves resemble the claws of a bear. Cf. Branch.] (Bot.) Bear'sÐbreech, or Acanthus. Bran¶lin (?), n. [Scot. branlie fr. brand.] (Zo”l.) A young salmon or parr, in the stage in which it has transverse black bands, as if burned by a gridiron. Bran¶lin, n. [See Brand.] A small red worm or larva, used as bait for small freshÐwater fish; Ð so called from its red color. Bran¶Ðnew¶ (?), a. See BrandÐnew. Bran¶ny (?), a. Having the appearance of bran; consisting of or containing bran. Wiseman. Bran¶sle (?), n. [See Brawl a dance.] A brawl or dance. [Obs.] Spenser.

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Brant (?), n. [Cf.Brand goose, Brent, Brenicle.] (Zo”l.) A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla)Ð called also brent and brand goose. The name is also applied to other related species.Brant, a. [See Brent.] Steep. [Prov. Eng.]Bran¶tail· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The European redstart; Ð so called from the red color of its tail.Brant¶Ïfox· (?), n. [For brandÐfox; cf. G. brandfuchs, Sw. bradr„f. So called from its yellowish brown and somewhat black color. See Brand.] (Zo”l.) A kind of fox found in Sweden (Vulpes alopex), smaller than the common fox (V. vulgaris), but probably a variety of it.Bran¶uÏlar (?), a. Relating to the brain; cerebral.I.Taylor.Bra¶sen (?), a. Same as Brazen.Brash (?), a. [Cf. Gael. bras or G. barsch harsh, sharp, tart, impetuous, D. barsch, Sw. & Dan. barsk.] Hasty in temper; impetuous.Grose.Brash, a. [Cf. Amer. bresk, brusk, fragile, brittle.] Brittle, as wood or vegetables. [Colloq., U. S.]Bartlett.Brash, n. [See Brash brittle.] 1. A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness.2. Refuse boughs of trees; also, the clippings of hedges. [Prov. Eng.]Wright.3. (Geol.) Broken and angular fragments of rocks underlying alluvial deposits.Lyell.4. Broken fragments of ice.Kane.Water brash (Med.), an affection characterized by a spasmodic pain or hot sensation in the stomach with a rising of watery liquid into the mouth; pyrosis. Ð Weaning brash (Med.), a severe form of diarrhea which sometimes attacks children just weaned.Bra¶sier, Bra¶zier (?), n. [OE. brasiere, F. braise live coals. See Brass.] An artificer who works in brass.Franklin.Bra¶sier, Bra¶zier, n. [F. brasier, brais¡er, fr. braise live coals. See Brass.] A pan for holding burning coals.Brass (?), n.; pl. Brasses (?). [OE. bras, bres, AS. br‘s; akin to Icel. bras cement, solder, brasa to harden by fire, and to E. braze, brazen. Cf. 1st & 2d Braze.] 1. An alloy (usually yellow) of copper and zinc, in variable proportion, but often containing two parts of copper to one part of zinc. It sometimes contains tin, and rarely other metals.2. (Mach.) A journal bearing, so called because frequently made of brass. A brass is often lined with a softer metal, when the latter is generally called a white metal lining. See Axle box, Journal Box, and Bearing.3. Coin made of copper, brass, or bronze. [Obs.]Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in your purses, nor scrip for your journey.Matt. x. 9.4. Impudence; a brazen face. [Colloq.]5. pl. Utensils, ornaments, or other articles of brass.The very scullion who cleans the brasses.Hopkinson.6. A brass plate engraved with a figure or device. Specifically, one used as a memorial to the dead, and generally having the portrait, coat of arms, etc.7. pl. (Mining) Lumps of pyrites or sulphuret of iron, the color of which is near to that of brass.µ The word brass as used in Sculpture language is a translation for copper or some kind of bronze.µ Brass is often used adjectively or in selfÐexplaining compounds; as, brass button, brass kettle, brass founder, brass foundry or brassfoundry.Brass band (Mus.), a band of musicians who play upon wind instruments made of brass, as trumpets, cornets, etc. Ð Brass foil, Brass leaf, brass made into very thin sheets; Ð called also Dutch gold.Bras¶sage (?), n. {F.] A sum formerly levied to pay the expense of coinage; Ð now called seigniorage.Bras¶sart (?), n. [F. brassard, fr. bras arm. See Brace, n.] Armor for the arm; Ð generally used for the whole arm from the shoulder to the wrist, and consisting, in the 15th and 16th centuries, of many parts.Brasse (?), n. [Perh. a transposition of barse; but cf. LG. brasse the bream, G. brassen Cf. Bream.] (Zo”l.) A spotted European fish of the genus Lucioperca, resembling a perch.Bras¶sets (?), n. See Brassart.Ø Bras¶siÏca (?), n. [L., cabbage.] (Bot.) A genus of plants embracing several species ad varieties differing much in appearance and qualities: such as the common cabbage (B. oleracea), broccoli, cauliflowers, etc.; the wild turnip (B. campestris); the common turnip (B. rapa); the rape of coleseed (B. napus), etc.Bras·siÏca¶ceous (?), a. [L. brassica cabbage.] (Bot.) Related to, or resembling, the cabbage, or plants of the Cabbage family.Brass¶iÏness (?), n. The state, conditions, or quality of being brassy. [Colloq.]Brass¶Ïvis¶aged (?), a. Impudent; bold.Brass¶y (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to brass; having the nature, appearance, or hardness, of brass.2. Impudent; impudently bold. [Colloq.]Brast (?), v. t. & i. [See Burst.] To burst. [Obs.]And both his y‰n braste out of his face.Chaucer.Dreadfull furies which their chains have brast.Spenser.Brat (?), n. [OE. bratt coarse garnment, AS. bratt cloak, fr. the Celtic; cf. W. brat clout, rag, Gael. brat cloak, apron, raf, Ir. brat cloak; properly then, a child's bib or clout; hence, a child.] 1. A coarse garnment or cloak; also, coarse clothing, in general. [Obs.]Chaucer.2. A coarse kind of apron for keeping the clothes clean; a bib. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]Wright.3. A child; an offspring; Ð formerly used in a good sense, but now usually in a contemptuous sense. ½This brat is none of mine.¸Shak.½A beggar's brat.¸Swift.O Israel? O household of the Lord?O Abraham's brats? O brood of blessed seed?Gascoigne.4. The young of an animal. [Obs.]L'Estrange.Brat (?), n. (Mining) A thin bed of coal mixed with pyrites or carbonate of lime.Ø Brat¶sche (?), n. [G., fr. It. viola da braccio viola held on the arm.] The tenor viola, or viola.Brat¶tice (?), n. [See Brettice.] (Mining) (a) A wall of separation in a shaft or gallery used for ventilation. (b) Planking to support a roof or wall.Brat¶tishÏing (?), n. 1. See Brattice, n.2. (Arch.) Carved openwork, as of a shrine, battlement, or parapet.Braun¶ite (?), n. (Min.) A native oxide of manganese, of dark brownish black color. It was named from a Mr. Braun of Gotha.BraÏvade¶ (?), n. Bravado. [Obs.]Fanshawe.BraÏva¶do (?), n., pl. Bravadoesÿ(?). [Sp. bravada, bravata, boast, brag: cf. F. bravade. See Brave.] Boastful and threatening behavior; a boastful menace.In spite of our host's bravado.Irving.Brave (?), a. [Compar. Braver; superl. Bravest.] [F. brave, It. or Sp. bravo, (orig.) fierce, wild, savage, prob. from. L. barbarus. See Barbarous, and cf. Bravo.]1. Bold; courageous; daring; intrepid; Ð opposed to cowardly; as, a brave man; a brave act.2. Having any sort of superiority or excellence; Ð especially such as in conspicuous. [Obs. or Archaic as applied to material things.]Iron is a brave commodity where wood aboundeth.Bacon.It being a brave day, I walked to Whitehall.Pepys.3. Making a fine show or display. [Archaic]Wear my dagger with the braver grace.Shak.For I have gold, and therefore will be brave.In silks I'll rattle it of every color.Robert Greene.Frog and lizard in holiday coatsAnd turtle brave in his golden spots.Emerson.Syn. Ð Courageous; gallant; daring; valiant; valorous; bold; heroic; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; magnanimous; highÐspirited; stoutÐhearted. See Gallant.Brave (?), n. 1. A brave person; one who is daring.The starÐspangled banner, O,long may it waveO'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.F.S.Key.2. Specifically, an Indian warrior.3. A man daring beyond discretion; a bully.Hot braves like thee may fight.Dryden.4. A challenge; a defiance; bravado. [Obs.]Demetrius, thou dost overween in all;And so in this, to bear me down with braves.Shak.Brave, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bravedÿ(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Braving.] 1. To encounter with courage and fortitude; to set at defiance; to defy; to dare.These I can brave, but those I can not bear.Dryden.2. To adorn; to make fine or showy. [Obs.]Thou [a tailor whom Grunio was browbeating] hast braved meny men; brave not me; I'll neither be faced or braved.Shak.]Brave¶ly (?), adv. 1. In a brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly; nobly.2. Finely; gaudily; gayly; showily.And [she] decked herself bravely to allure the eyes of all men that should see her.Judith. x. 4.3. Well; thrivingly; prosperously. [Colloq.]Brave¶ness, n. The quality of state or being brave.Brav¶erÏy (?), n. [Cf. F. braverie.] 1. The quality of being brave; fearless; intrepidity.Remember, sir, my liege, …The natural bravery of your isle.Shak.2. The act of braving; defiance; bravado. [Obs.]Reform, then, without bravery or scandal of former times and persons.3. Splendor; magnificence; showy appearance; ostentation; fine dress.With scarfs and fans and double change of bravery.Shak.Like a stately ship…With all her bravery on, and tackle trim.Milton.4. A showy person; a fine gentleman; a beau. [Obs.]A man that is the bravery of his age.Beau. & Fl.Syn. Ð Courage; heroism; interpidity; gallantry; valor; fearlessness; dauntlessness; hardihood; manfulness. See Courage, and Heroism.Brav¶ing (?), n. A bravado; a boast.With so proud a strainOf threats and bravings.Chapman.Brav¶ingÏly (?), adv. In a defiant manner.Bra¶vo (?), n.; pl. Bravoesÿ(?). [I. See Brave, a.] A daring villain; a bandit; one who sets law at defiance; a professional assassin or murderer.Safe from detection, seize the unwary prey.And stab, like bravoes, all who come this way.Churchill.Bra¶vo (?), interj. [It. See Brave.] Well done? excellent? an exclamation expressive of applause.Ø BraÏvu¶ra (?), n. [It., (properly) bravery, spirit, from bravo. See Brave.] (Mus.) A florid, brilliant style of music, written for effect, to show the range and flexibility of a singer's voice, or the technical force and skill of a performer; virtuoso music.Aria di bravura (?) [It.], a florid air demanding brilliant execution.Brawl (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Brawled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brawling.] [OE. braulen to quarrel, boast, brallen to cry, make a noise; cf. LG. brallen to brag, MHG. pr?ulen, G. prahlen, F. brailler to cry, shout, Pr. brailar, braillar, W. bragal to vociferate, brag, Armor. bragal to romp, to strut, W. broliaw to brag, brawl boast. ?95.] 1. To quarrel noisily and outrageously.Let a man that is a man consider that he is a fool that brawleth openly with his wife.Golden Boke.2. To complain loudly; to scold.3. To make a loud confused noise, as the water of a rapid stream running over stones.Where the brook brawls along the painful road.Wordsworth.Syn. Ð To wrangle; squabble; contend.Brawl (?), n. A noisy quarrel; loud, angry contention; a wrangle; a tumult; as, a drunken brawl.His sports were hindered by the brawls.Shak.Syn. Ð Noise; quarrel; uproar; row; tumult.Brawl¶er (?), n. One that brawls; wrangler.Common brawlers (Law), one who disturbs a neighborhood by brawling (and is therefore indictable at common law as a nuisance).Wharton.Brawl¶ing, a. 1. Quarreling; quarrelsome; noisy.She is an irksome brawling scold.Shak.2. Making a loud confused noise. See Brawl, v. i., 3.A brawling stream.J.S. Shairp.Brawl¶ingÏly, adv. In a brawling manner.Brawn (?), n. [OF. braon fleshy part, muscle, fr. HG. br?to flesh, G. braten roast meat; akin to Icel. br?? flesh, food of beasts, AS. br?de roast meat, br?dan to roast, G. braten, and possibly to E. breed.] 1. A muscle; flesh. [Obs.]Formed well of brawns and of bones.Chaucer.2. Full, strong muscles, esp. of the arm or leg, muscular strength; a protuberant muscular part of the body; sometimes, the arm.Brawn without brains is thine.Dryden.It was ordained that murderers should be brent on the brawn of the left hand.E. Hall.And in my vantbrace put this withered brawn.Shak.3. The flesh of a boar; also, the salted and prepared flesh of a boar.The best age for the boar is from two to five years, at which time it is best to geld him, or sell him for brawn.Mortimer.4. A boar. [Obs.]Beau. & Fl.Brawned (?), a. Brawny; strong; muscular. [Obs.]Spenser.Brawn¶er (?), n. A boor killed for the table.Brawn¶iÏness (?), n. The quality or state of being brawny.Brawn¶y (?), a. Having large, strong muscles; muscular; fleshy; strong. ½Brawny limbs.¸W.Irving.Syn. Ð Muscular; fleshy; strong; bulky; sinewy; athletic; stalwart; powerful; robust.Brax¶y (?), n. [Cf. AS. breac rheum, broc sickness, Ir. bracha corruption. Jamieson.] 1. A disease of sheep. The term is variously applied in different localities. [Scot.]2. A diseased sheep, or its mutton.Bray (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Brayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Braying.] [OE. brayen, OF. breier, F. broyer to pound, grind, fr. OHG. brehhan to break. See Break.] To pound, beat, rub, or grind small or fine.Though thou shouldest bray a fool in a mortar, … yet will not his foolishness depart from him.Prov. xxvii. 22.Bray, v. i. [ OE brayen, F. braire to bray, OF. braire to cry, fr. LL. bragire to whinny; perh. fr. the Celtic and akin to E. break; or perh. of imitative origin.]1. To utter a loud, harsh cry, as an ass.Laugh, and theyReturn it louder than an ass can bray.Dryden.2. To make a harsh, grating, or discordant noise.Heard ye the din of battle bray?Gray.Bray, v. t. To make or utter with a loud, discordant, or harsh and grating sound.Arms on armor clashing, brayedHorrible discord.MIlton.And varying notes the war pipes brayed.Sir W.Scott.Bray, n. The harsh cry of an ass; also, any harsh, grating, or discordant sound.The bray and roar of multitudinous London.Jerrold.Bray, n. [OE. braye, brey, brew, eyebrow, brow of a hill, hill, bank, Scot. bra, brae, bray, fr. AS. br?w eyebrow, influenced by the allied Icel. br? eyebrow, bank, also akin to AS. br? yebrow. See Brow.] A bank; the slope of a hill; a hill. See Brae, which is now the usual spelling. [North of Eng. & Scot.]Fairfax.Bray¶er (?), n. An implement for braying and spreading ink in hand printing.Bray¶er, n. One that brays like an ass.Pope.Bray¶ing, a. Making a harsh noise; blaring, ½Braying trumpets.¸Shak.Braze (?), v. i.[imp. & p. p. Brazedÿ(?); p. pr & vb. n. Brazing.][F. braser to solder, fr. Icel. brasa to harden by fire. Cf. Brass.] 1. To solder with hard solder, esp. with an alloy of copper and zinc; as, to braze the seams of a copper pipe.2. To harden. ½Now I am brazes to it.¸Shak.Braze (?), v. t. [AS. br‘sian, fr. br‘s brass. See Brass.] To cover or ornament with brass.Chapman.Bra¶zen (?), a.[OE. brasen, AS. br‘sen. See Brass.] 1. Pertaining to, made of, or resembling, brass.2. Sounding harsh and loud, like resounding brass.3. Impudent; immodest; shameless; having a front like brass; as, a brazen countenance.Brazen age. (a) (Muth.) The age of war and lawlessness which succeeded the silver age. (b) (Arch‘ol.)ÿSee under Bronze. Ð Brazen sea (Jewish Antiq.), a large laver of brass, placed in Solomon's temple for the use of the priests.Bra¶zen, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Brazened (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Brazening.] To carry through impudently or shamelessly; as, to brazen the matter through.Sabina brazened it out before Mrs. Wygram, but inwardly she was resolved to be a good deal more circumspect.W.Black.Bra¶zenÏbrowed· (?), a. Shamelessly impudent.Sir T.Browne.Bra¶zenÏface· (?), n. An impudent of shameless person. ½Well said, brazenface; hold it out.¸Shak.Bra¶zenÏfaced· (?), a. Impudent; shameless.Bra¶zenÏly (?), adv. In a bold, impudent manner.

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