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Bier¶balk· (?), n. [See Bier, and Balk, n.] A church road (e. g., a path across fields) for funerals. [Obs.]Homilies.Biest¶ings, Beest¶ings (?), n. pl. [OE. bestynge, AS. b?sting, fr. b?st, beost; akin to D. biest, OHG. biost, G. biest; of unknown origin.] The first milk given by a cow after calving.B. Jonson.The thick and curdy milk … commonly called biestings.Newton. (1574).BiÏfa¶cial (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + facial.] Having the opposite surfaces alike.BiÏfa¶riÏous (?), a. [L. bifarius; bis twice + fari to speak. Cf. Gr. ? twofold; ? twice + ? to say.] 1. Twofold; arranged in two rows.2. (Bot.) Pointing two ways, as leaves that grow only on opposite sides of a branch; in two vertical rows.BiÏfa¶riÏousÏly, adv. In a bifarious manner.Bif¶erÏous (?), a. [L. bifer; bis twice + ferre to bear.] Bearing fruit twice a year.Bif¶fin (?), n. [Cf. Beaufin.] 1. A sort of apple peculiar to Norfolk, Eng. [Sometimes called beaufin; but properly beefin (it is said), from its resemblance to raw beef.]Wright.2. A baked apple pressed down into a flat, round cake; a dried apple.Dickens.Bi¶fid (?), a. [L. bifidus; bis twice + root of findere to cleave or split: cf. F. bifide.] Cleft to the middle or slightly beyond the middle; opening with a cleft; divided by a linear sinus, with straight margins.Bif¶iÏdate (?), a. [L. bifidatus.] See Bifid.BiÏfi¶lar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + filar.] TwoÏthreaded; involving the use of two threads; as, bifilar suspension; a bifilar balance.Bifilar micrometer (often called a bifilar), an instrument form measuring minute distances or angles by means of two very minute threads (usually spider lines), one of which, at least, is movable; Ð more commonly called a filar micrometer.Bi·flaÏbel¶late (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + flabellate.] (Zo”l.) Flabellate on both sides.Bi·flaÏgel¶late (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + flagellate.] Having two long, narrow, whiplike appendages.BiÏflo¶rate (?), BiÏflo¶rous (?), } a. [L. bis twice + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.) Bearing two flowers; twoÏflowered.Bi¶fold (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + fold.] Twofold; double; of two kinds, degrees, etc.Shak.BiÏfo¶liÏate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + foliate.] (Bot.) Having two leaves; twoÏleaved.BiÏfo¶liÏoÏlate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + foliolate.] (Bot.) Having two leaflets, as some compound leaves.Bif¶oÏrate (?), a. [L. bis twice + foratus, p. p. of forare to bore or pierce.] (Bot.) Having two perforations.Bif¶oÏrine (?), n. [L. biforis, biforus, having two doors; bis twice + foris door.] (Bot.) An oval sac or cell, found in the leaves of certain plants of the order Arace‘. It has an opening at each end through which raphides, generated inside, are discharged.Bi¶forked (?), a. Bifurcate.Bi¶form (?), a. [L. biformis; bis twice + forma shape: cf. F. biforme.] Having two forms, bodies, or shapes.Croxall.Bi¶formed (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + form.] Having two forms.Johnson.BiÏform¶iÏty (?), n. A double form.BiÏforn¶ (?), prep. & adv. Before. [Obs.]Bif¶oÏrous (?), a. [L. biforis having two doors; bis twice, two + foris door.] See Biforate.BiÏfront¶ed (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + front.] Having two fronts. ½Bifronted Janus.¸Massinger.BiÏfur¶cate (?), BiÏfur¶caÏted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + furcate.] TwoÏpronged; forked.BiÏfur¶cate (?), v. i. To divide into two branches.Bi·furÏca¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. bifurcation.] A forking, or division into two branches.BiÏfur¶cous (?), a. [L. bifurcus; bis twice + furca fork.] See Bifurcate, a. [R.]Coles.Big (?), a. [compar. Bigger; superl. Biggest.] [Perh. from Celtic; cf. W. beichiog, beichiawg, pregnant, with child, fr. baich burden, Arm. beac'h; or cf. OE. bygly, Icel. biggiligr, (properly) habitable; (then) magnigicent, excellent, fr. OE. biggen, Icel. byggja, to dwell, build, akin to E. be.] 1. Having largeness of size; of much bulk or magnitude; of great size; large. ½He's too big to go in there.¸Shak.2. Great with young; pregnant; swelling; ready to give birth or produce; Ð often figuratively.[Day] big with the fate of Cato and of Rome.Addison.3. Having greatness, fullness, importance, inflation, distention, etc., whether in a good or a bad sense; as, a big heart; a big voice; big looks; to look big. As applied to looks, it indicates haughtiness or pride.God hath not in heaven a bigger argument.Jer. Taylor.µ Big is often used in selfÏexplaining compounds; as, bigÏboned; bigÏsounding; bigÏnamed; bigÏvoiced.To talk big, to talk loudly, arrogantly, or pretentiously.I talked big to them at first.De Foe.Syn. Ð Bulky; large; great; massive; gross.Big, Bigg, n. [OE. bif, bigge; akin to Icel. bygg, Dan. byg, Sw. bjugg.] (Bot.) Barley, especially the hardy fourÏrowed kind.½Bear interchanges in local use, now with barley, now with bigg.¸New English Dict.Big, Bigg, v. t. [OE. biggen, fr. Icel. byggja to inhabit, to build, b?a (neut.) to dwell (active) to make ready. See Boor, and Bound.] To build. [Scot. & North of Eng. Dial.]Sir W. Scott.ØBi¶ga (?), n. [L.] (Antiq.) A twoÏhorse chariot.Big¶am (?), n. [L. bigamus twice married: cf. F. bigame. See Bigamy.] A bigamist. [Obs.]Big¶aÏmist (?), n. [Cf. Digamist.] One who is guilty of bigamy.Ayliffe.Big¶aÏmous (?), a. Guilty of bigamy; involving bigamy; as, a bigamous marriage.Big¶aÏmy (?), n. [OE. bigamie, fr. L. bigamus twice married; bis twice + Gr. ? marriage; prob. akin to Skt. j¾mis related, and L. gemini twins, the root meaning to bind, join: cf. F. bigamie. Cf. Digamy.] (Law) The offense of marrying one person when already legally married to another.Wharton.µ It is not strictly correct to call this offense bigamy: it more properly denominated polygamy, i. e., having a plurality of wives or husbands at once, and in several statutes in the United States the offense is classed under the head of polygamy.In the canon law bigamy was the marrying of two virgins successively, or one after the death of the other, or once marrying a widow. This disqualified a man for orders, and for holding ecclesiastical offices. Shakespeare uses the word in the latter sense.Blackstone. Bouvier.Base declension and loathed bigamy.Shak.Big·arÏreau¶ (?), Big·aÏroon¶ (?), } n. [F. bigarreau, fr. bigarr‚ variegated.] (Bot.) The large whiteÏheart cherry.Big¶Ðbel·lied (?), a. Having a great belly; as, a bigÏbellied man or flagon; advanced in pregnancy.BiÏgam¶iÏnate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + geminate.] (Bot.) Having a forked petiole, and a pair of leaflets at the end of each division; biconjugate; twice paired; Ð said of a decompound leaf.BiÏgen¶tial (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + L. gens, gentis, tribe.] (Zo”l.) Including two tribes or races of men.Big¶eye· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A fish of the genus Priacanthus, remarkable for the large size of the eye.Bigg (?), n. & v. See Big, n. & v.Big¶gen (?), v. t. & i. To make or become big; to enlarge. [Obs. or Dial.]Steele.Big¶ger (?), a., compar. of Big.Big¶gest (?), a., superl. of Big.Big¶gin (?), n. [F. b‚guin, prob. from the cap worn by the B‚guines. Cf. Beguine, Biggon.] A child's cap; a hood, or something worn on the head.An old woman's biggin for a nightcap.Massinger.Big¶gin, n. A coffeepot with a strainer or perforated metallic vessel for holding the ground coffee, through which boiling water is poured; Ð so called from Mr. Biggin, the inventor.Big¶gin, Big¶ging, } n. [OE. bigging. See Big, Bigg, v. t.] A building. [Obs.]Big¶gon (?), Big¶gonÏnet (?), } n. [ F. b‚guin and OF. beguinet, dim of b‚guin. See Biggin a cap.] A cap or hood with pieces covering the ears.ØBig¶ha (?), n. A measure of land in India, varying from a third of an acre to an acre.Big¶horn· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The Rocky Mountain sheep (Ovis or Caprovis montana).Bight (?), n. [OE. bi?t a bending; cf. Sw. & Dan. bugt bend, bay; fr. AS. byht, fr. b?gan. ?88. Cf. Bout, Bought a bend, and see Bow, v.] 1. A corner, bend, or angle; a hollow; as, the bight of a horse's knee; the bight of an elbow.2. (Geog.) A bend in a coast forming an open bay; as, the Bight of Benin.3. (Naut.) The double part of a rope when folded, in distinction from the ends; that is, a round, bend, or coil not including the ends; a loop.BiÏglan¶duÏlar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + glandular.] Having two glands, as a plant.Big¶ly (?), adv. [From Big, a.] In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner; haughtily; violently.He brawleth bigly.Robynson (More's Utopia.)Big¶ness, n. The state or quality of being big; largeness; size; bulk.BigÏno¶niÏa (?), n. [Named from the Abb‚ Bignon.] (Bot.) A large genus of American, mostly tropical, climbing shrubs, having compound leaves and showy somewhat tubular flowers. B. capreolata is the cross vine of the Southern United States. The trumpet creeper was formerly considered to be of this genus.BigÏno·niÏa¶ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants of which the trumpet flower is an example.Big¶ot (?), n. [F. bigot a bigot or hypocrite, a name once given to the Normans in France. Of unknown origin; possibly akin to Sp. bigote a whisker; hombre de bigote a man of spirit and vigor; cf. It. sÏbigottire to terrify, to appall. Wedgwood and others maintain that bigot is from the same source as Beguine, Beghard.]1. A hypocrite; esp., a superstitious hypocrite. [Obs.]2. A person who regards his own faith and views in matters of religion as unquestionably right, and any belief or opinion opposed to or differing from them as unreasonable or wicked. In an extended sense, a person who is intolerant of opinions which conflict with his own, as in politics or morals; one obstinately and blindly devoted to his own church, party, belief, or opinion.To doubt, where bigots had been content to wonder and believe.Macaulay.Big¶ot, a. Bigoted. [Obs.]In a country more bigot than ours.Dryden.Big¶otÏed, a. Obstinately and blindly attached to some creed, opinion practice, or ritual; unreasonably devoted to a system or party, and illiberal toward the opinions of others. ½Bigoted to strife.¸Byron.Syn. Ð Prejudiced; intolerant; narrowÏminded.Big¶otÏedÏly, adv. In the manner of a bigot.Big¶otÏry (?), n. [Cf. F. bigoterie.] 1. The state of mind of a bigot; obstinate and unreasoning attachment of one's own belief and opinions, with narrow-minded intolerance of beliefs opposed to them.2. The practice or tenets of a bigot.Big¶wig· (?), n. [Big, a. + wig.] A person of consequence; as, the bigwigs of society. [Jocose]In our youth we have heard him spoken of by the bigwigs with extreme condescension.Dickens.Big¶Ðwigged· (?), a. characterized by pomposity of manner. [Eng.]Bi·hyÏdrog¶uÏret (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + hydroguret.] (Chem.) A compound of two atoms of hydrogen with some other substance. [Obs.]ØBiÏjou¶ (?), n.; pl. Bijoux (?). [F.; of uncertain origin.] A trinket; a jewel; Ð a word applied to anything small and of elegant workmanship.BiÏjou¶try (?), n. [F. bijouterie. See Bijou.] Small articles of virtu, as jewelry, trinkets, etc.Bij¶uÏgate (?), a. [L. bis twice + jugatus, p. p. of jugare to join.] (Bot.) Having two pairs, as of leaflets.Bij¶uÏgous (?), a. [L. bijugus yoked two together; bis twice + jugum yoke, pair.] (Bot.) Bijugate.Bike (?), n. [Ethymol. unknown.] A nest of wild bees, wasps, or ants; a swarm. [Scot.]Sir W. Scott.ØBikh (?), n. [Hind., fr. Skr. visha poison.] (Bot.) The East Indian name of a virulent poison extracted from Aconitum ferox or other species of aconite: also, the plant itself.BiÏla¶biÏate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + labiate.] (Bot.) Having two lips, as the corols of certain flowers.Bi·laÏcin¶iÏate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + laciniate.] Doubly fringed.ØBiÏla¶lo (?), n. A twoÏmasted passenger boat or small vessel, used in the bay of Manila.BiÏlam¶elÏlate (?), BiÏlam¶elÏla·ted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + lamellate.] (Bot.) Formed of two plates, as the stigma of the Mimulus; also, having two elevated ridges, as in the lip of certain flowers.BiÏlam¶iÏnar (?), BiÏlam¶iÏnate (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + laminar, laminate.] Formed of, or having, two lamin‘, or thin plates.Bi¶land (?), n. A byland. [Obs.]Holland.Bil¶anÏder (?), n. [D. bijlander; bij by + land land, country.] (Naut.) A small twoÏmasted merchant vessel, fitted only for coasting, or for use in canals, as in Holland.Why choose we, then, like bilanders to creepAlong the coast, and land in view to keep?Dryden.BiÏlat¶erÏal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + lateral: cf. F. bilat‚ral.] 1. Having two sides; arranged upon two sides; affecting two sides or two parties.2. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to the two sides of a central area or organ, or of a central axis; as, bilateral symmetry in animals, where there is a similarity of parts on the right and left sides of the body.BiÏlat·erÏal¶iÏty (?), n. State of being bilateral.Bil¶berÏry (?), n.; pl. Bilberries (?). [Cf. Dan. b”lleb‘r bilberry, where b”lle is perh. akin to E. ball.] 1. (Bot.) The European whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); also, its edible bluish black fruit.There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry.Shak.2. (Bot.) Any similar plant or its fruit; esp., in America, the species Vaccinium myrtilloides, V. c‘spitosum and V. uliginosum.Bil¶bo (?), n.; pl. Bilboes (?). 1. A rapier; a sword; so named from Bilbao, in Spain.Shak.2. pl. A long bar or bolt of iron with sliding shackles, and a lock at the end, to confine the feet of prisoners or offenders, esp. on board of ships.Methought I layWorse than the mutines in the bilboes.Shak.ØBil¶boÏquet (?), n. [F.] The toy called cup and ball.Bil¶cock (?), n. (Zo”l.) The European water rail.ØBild¶stein (?), n. [G., fr. bild image, likeness + stein stone.] Same as Agalmatolite.Bile (?), n. [L. bilis: cf. F. bile.] 1. (Physiol.) A yellow, or greenish, viscid fluid, usually alkaline in reaction, secreted by the liver. It passes into the intestines, where it aids in the digestive process. Its characteristic constituents are the bile salts, and coloring matters.2. Bitterness of feeling; choler; anger; ill humor; as, to stir one's bile.Prescott.µ The ancients considered the bile to be the ½humor¸ which caused irascibility.Bile, n. [OE. byle, bule, bele, AS. b?le, b?l; skin to D. buil, G. beule, and Goth. ufbauljan to puff up. Cf. Boil a tumor, Bulge.] A boil. [Obs. or Archaic]BiÏlec¶tion (?), n. (Arch.) That portion of a group of moldings which projects beyond the general surface of a panel; a bolection.Bile¶stone· (?), n. [Bile + stone.] A gallstone, or biliary calculus. See Biliary.E. Darwin.Bilge (?), n. [A different orthography of bulge, of same origin as belly. Cf. Belly, Bulge.] 1. The protuberant part of a cask, which is usually in the middle.2. (Naut.) That part of a ship's hull or bottom which is broadest and most nearly flat, and on which she would rest if aground.3. Bilge water.Bilge free (Naut.), stowed in such a way that the bilge is clear of everything; Ð said of a cask. Ð Bilge pump, a pump to draw the bilge water from the gold of a ship. Ð Bilge water (Naut.), water which collects in the bilge or bottom of a ship or other vessel. It is often allowed to remain till it becomes very offensive. Ð Bilge ways, the timbers which support the cradle of a ship upon the ways, and which slide upon the launching ways in launching the vessel.
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Bilge (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Bilged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bilging.] 1. (Naut.) To suffer a fracture in the bilge; to spring a leak by a fracture in the bilge.2. To bulge.Bilge, v. t. 1. (Naut.) To fracture the bilge of, or stave in the bottom of ( a ship or other vessel).2. To cause to bulge.Bil¶gy (?), a. Having the smell of bilge water.Bil¶laÏry (?), a. [L. bilis bile: cf. F. biliaire.] (Physiol.) Relating or belonging to bile; conveying bile; as, biliary acids; biliary ducts.Biliary calculus (Med.), a gallstone, or a concretion formed in the gall bladder or its duct.Bil·iÏa¶tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The production and excretion of bile.BiÏlif¶erÏous (?), a. Generating bile.Bil·iÏfus¶cin (?), n. [L. bilis bile + fuscus dark.] (Physiol.) A brownish green pigment found in human gallstones and in old bile. It is a derivative of bilirubin.ØBiÏlim¶bi (?), ØBiÏlim¶bing (?), } n. [Malay.] The berries of two East Indian species of Averrhoa, of the Oxalide‘ or Sorrel family. They are very acid, and highly esteemed when preserved or picked. The juice is used as a remedy for skin diseases. [Written also blimbi and blimbing.]Bil¶iÏment (?), n. A woman's ornament; habiliment. [Obs.]Bi¶lin (?), n. [Cf. F. biline, from L. bilis bile.] (Physiol. Chem.) A name applied to the amorphous or crystalline mass obtained from bile by the action of alcohol and ether. It is composed of a mixture of the sodium salts of the bile acids.BiÏlin¶eÏar (?), a. (Math.) Of, pertaining to, or included by, two lines; as, bilinear co”rdinates.BiÏlin¶gual (?), a. [L. bilinguis; bis twice + lingua tongue, language.] Containing, or consisting of, two languages; expressed in two languages; as, a bilingual inscription; a bilingual dictionary. Ð BiÏlin¶gualÏly, adv.BiÏlin¶gualÏism (?), n. Quality of being bilingual.The bilingualism of King's English.Earle.BiÏlin¶guar (?), a. See Bilingual.BiÏlin¶guist (?), n. One versed in two languages.BiÏlin¶guous (?), a. [L. bilinguis.] Having two tongues, or speaking two languages. [Obs.]Bil¶ious (?), a. [L. biliosus, fr. bilis bile.] 1. Of or pertaining to the bile.2. Disordered in respect to the bile; troubled with and excess of bile; as, a bilious patient; dependent on, or characterized by, an excess of bile; as, bilious symptoms.3. Choleric; passionate; ill tempered. ½A bilious old nabob.¸Macaulay.Bilious temperament. See Temperament.Bil¶iousÏness, n. The state of being bilious.Bil·iÏpra¶sin (?), n. [L. bilis bile + prasinus green.] (Physiol.) A dark green pigment found in small quantity in human gallstones.Bil·iÏru¶bin (?), n. [L. bilis biel + ruber red.] (Physiol.) A reddish yellow pigment present in human bile, and in that from carnivorous and herbivorous animals; the normal biliary pigment.BiÏlit¶erÏal (?), a. [L. bis twice + littera letter.] Consisting of two letters; as, a biliteral root of a Sanskrit verb. Sir W. Jones. Ð n. A word, syllable, or root, consisting of two letters.BiÏlit¶erÏalÏism (?), n. The property or state of being biliteral.Bil·iÏver¶din (?), n. [L. bilis bile + viridis green. Cf. Verdure.] (Physiol.) A green pigment present in the bile, formed from bilirubin by oxidation.Bilk (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bilked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bilking.] [Origin unknown. Cf. Balk.] To frustrate or disappoint; to deceive or defraud, by nonfulfillment of engagement; to leave in the lurch; to give the slip to; as, to bilk a creditor.Thackeray.Bilk, n. 1. A thwarting an adversary in cribbage by spoiling his score; a balk.2. A cheat; a trick; a hoax.Hudibras.3. Nonsense; vain words.B. Jonson.4. A person who tricks a creditor; an untrustworthy, tricky person.Marryat.Bill (?), n. [OE. bile, bille, AS. bile beak of a bird, proboscis; cf. Ir. & Gael. bil, bile, mouth, lip, bird's bill. Cf. Bill a weapon.] A beak, as of a bird, or sometimes of a turtle or other animal.Milton.Bill, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Billed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Billing.] 1. To strike; to peck. [Obs.]2. To join bills, as doves; to caress in fondness. ½As pigeons bill.¸Shak.To bill and coo, to interchange caresses; Ð said of doves; also of demonstrative lovers.Thackeray.Bill, n. The bell, or boom, of the bitternThe bittern's hollow bill was heard.Wordsworth.Bill, n. [OE. bil, AS. bill, bil; akin to OS. bil sword, OHG. bill pickax, G. bille. Cf. Bill bea?.] 1. A cutting instrument, with hookÏshaped point, and fitted with a handle; Ð used in pruning, etc.; a billhook. When short, called a hand bill, when long, a hedge bill.2. A weapon of infantry, in the 14th and 15th centuries. A common form of bill consisted of a broad, heavy, doubleÏedged, hookÏshaped blade, having a short pike at the back and another at the top, and attached to the end of a long staff.France had no infantry that dared to face the English bows end bills.Macaulay.3. One who wields a bill; a billman.Strype.4. A pickax, or mattock. [Obs.]5. (Naut.) The extremity of the arm of an anchor; the point of or beyond the fluke.Bill (?), v. t. To work upon ( as to dig, hoe, hack, or chop anything) with a bill.Bill, n. [OE. bill, bille, fr. LL. billa (or OF. bille), for L. bulla anything rounded, LL., seal, stamp, letter, edict, roll; cf. F. bille a ball, prob. fr. Ger.; cf. MHG. bickel, D. bikkel, dice. Cf. Bull papal edict, Billet a paper.]1. (Law) A declaration made in writing, stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law.2. A writing binding the signer or signers to pay a certain sum at a future day or on demand, with or without interest, as may be stated in the document. [Eng.]µ In the United States, it is usually called a note, a note of hand, or a promissory note.3. A form or draft of a law, presented to a legislature for enactment; a proposed or projected law.4. A paper, written or printed, and posted up or given away, to advertise something, as a lecture, a play, or the sale of goods; a placard; a poster; a handbill.She put up the bill in her parlor window.Dickens.5. An account of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; a statement of a creditor's claim, in gross or by items; as, a grocer's bill.6. Any paper, containing a statement of particulars; as, a bill of charges or expenditures; a weekly bill of mortality; a bill of fare, etc.Bill of adventure. See under Adventure. Ð Bill of costs, a statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a party to a suit or action. Ð Bill of credit. (a) Within the constitution of the United States, a paper issued by a State, on the mere faith and credit of the State, and designed to circulate as money. No State shall ½emit bills of credit.¸ U. S. Const. Peters. Wharton. Bouvier (b) Among merchants, a letter sent by an agent or other person to a merchant, desiring him to give credit to the bearer for goods or money. Ð Bill of divorce, in the Jewish law, a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation was dissolved. Jer. iii. 8. Ð Bill of entry, a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported or intended for exportation. Ð Bill of exceptions. See under Exception. Ð Bill of exchange (Com.), a written order or request from one person or house to another, desiring the latter to pay to some person designated a certain sum of money therein generally is, and, to be negotiable, must be, made payable to order or to bearer. So also the order generally expresses a specified time of payment, and that it is drawn for value. The person who draws the bil is called the drawer, the person on whom it is drawn is, before acceptance, called the drawee, Ð after acceptance, the acceptor; the person to whom the money is directed to be paid is called the payee. The person making the order may himself be the payee. The bill itself is frequently called a draft. See Exchange. Chitty. Ð Bill of fare, a written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a public table, or of the dishes (with prices annexed) which may be ordered at a restaurant, etc. Ð Bill of health, a certificate from the proper authorities as to the state of health of a ship's company at the time of her leaving port. Ð Bill of indictment, a written accusation lawfully presented to a grand jury. If the jury consider the evidence sufficient to support the accusation, they indorse it ½A true bill,¸ or ½Not found,¸ or ½Ignoramus¸, or ½Ignored.¸ Ð Bill of lading, a written account of goods shipped by any person, signed by the agent of the owner of the vessel, or by its master, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and promising to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three, or four copies of the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper, and one is sent to the consignee of the goods. Ð Bill of mortality, an official statement of the number of deaths in a place or district within a given time; also, a district required to be covered by such statement; as, a place within the bills of mortality of London. Ð Bill of pains and penalties, a special act of a legislature which inflicts a punishment less than death upon persons supposed to be guilty of treason or felony, without any conviction in the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. Bouvier. Wharton. Ð Bill of parcels, an account given by the seller to the buyer of the several articles purchased, with the price of each. Ð Bill of particulars (Law), a detailed statement of the items of a plaintiff's demand in an action, or of the defendant's setÏoff. Ð Bill of rights, a summary of rights and privileges claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the Lords and Commons of England to the Prince and Princess of Orange in 1688, and enacted in Parliament after they became king and queen. In America, a bill or declaration of rights is prefixed to most of the constitutions of the several States. Ð Bill of sale, a formal instrument for the conveyance or transfer of goods and chattels. Ð Bill of sight, a form of entry at the customhouse, by which goods, respecting which the importer is not possessed of full information, may be provisionally landed for examination. Ð Bill of store, a license granted at the customhouse to merchants, to carry such stores and provisions as are necessary for a voyage, custom free. Wharton. Ð Bills payable (pl.), the outstanding unpaid notes or acceptances made and issued by an individual or firm. Ð Bills receivable (pl.), the unpaid promissory notes or acceptances held by an individual or firm. McElrath. Ð A true bill, a bill of indictment sanctioned by a grand jury.Bill, v. t. 1. To advertise by a bill or public notice.2. To charge or enter in a bill; as, to bill goods.Bil¶lage (?), n. and v. t. & i. Same as Bilge.Bil¶lard (?), n. (Zo”l.) An English fish, allied to the cod; the coalfish. [Written also billet and billit.]Bill·bee¶tle (?), or Bill¶bug· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A weevil or curculio of various species, as the corn weevil. See Curculio.Bill¶board· (?), n. 1. (Naut.) A piece of thick plank, armed with iron plates, and fixed on the bow or fore channels of a vessel, for the bill or fluke of the anchor to rest on.Totten.2. A flat surface, as of a panel or of a fence, on which bills are posted; a bulletin board.Bill¶ book· (?). (Com.) A book in which a person keeps an account of his notes, bills, bills of exchange, etc., thus showing all that he issues and receives.Bill¶ bro·ker (?). One who negotiates the discount of bills.Billed (?), a. Furnished with, or having, a bill, as a bird; Ð used in composition; as, broadÏbilled.Bil¶let (?), n. [F. billet, dim. of an OF. bille bill. See Bill a writing.] 1. A small paper; a note; a short letter. ½I got your melancholy billet.¸Sterne.2. A ticket from a public officer directing soldiers at what house to lodge; as, a billet of residence.Bil¶let, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Billeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Billeting.] [From Billet a ticket.] (Mil.) To direct, by a ticket or note, where to lodge. Hence: To quarter, or place in lodgings, as soldiers in private houses.Billeted in so antiquated a mansion.W. Irving.Bil¶let, n. [F. billette, bille, log; of unknown origin; a different word from bille ball. Cf. Billiards, Billot.] 1. A small stick of wood, as for firewood.They shall beat out my brains with billets.Shak.2. (Metal.) A short bar of metal, as of gold or iron.3. (Arch.) An ornament in Norman work, resembling a billet of wood either square or round.4. (Saddlery) (a) A strap which enters a buckle. (b) A loop which receives the end of a buckled strap.Knight.5. (Her.) A bearing in the form of an oblong rectangle.ØBil·letÐdoux¶ (?), n.; pl. BilletsÐdoux (?). [F. billet note + doux sweet, L. dulcis.] A love letter or note.A lover chanting out a billetÐdoux.Spectator.Bil¶letÏhead· (?), n. (Naut.) A round piece of timber at the bow or stern of a whaleboat, around which the harpoon lone is run out when the whale darts off.Bill¶fish· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A name applied to several distinct fishes: (a) The garfish (Tylosurus, or Belone, longirostris) and allied species. (b) The saury, a slender fish of the Atlantic coast (Scomberesox saurus). (c) The Tetrapturus albidus, a large oceanic species related to the swordfish; the spearfish. (d) The American freshÏwater garpike (Lepidosteus osseus).Bill¶head· (?), n. A printed form, used by merchants in making out bills or rendering accounts.Bill¶ hold·er (?). 1. A person who holds a bill or acceptance.2. A device by means of which bills, etc., are held.Bill¶hook· (?), n. [Bill + hook.] A thick, heavy knife with a hooked point, used in pruning hedges, etc. When it has a short handle, it is sometimes called a hand bill; when the handle is long, a hedge bill or scimiter.Bil¶liard (?), a. Of or pertaining to the game of billiards. ½Smooth as is a billiard ball.¸B. Jonson.Bil¶liards (?), n. [F. billiard billiards, OF. billart staff, cue form playing, fr. bille log. See Billet a stick.] A game played with ivory balls o a clothÏcovered, rectangular table, bounded by elastic cushions. The player seeks to impel his ball with his cue so that it shall either strike (carom upon) two other balls, or drive another ball into one of the pockets with which the table sometimes is furnished.Bill¶ing (?), a. & n. Caressing; kissing.Bil¶lingsÏgate· (?), n. 1. A market near the Billings gate in London, celebrated for fish and foul language.2. Coarsely abusive, foul, or profane language; vituperation; ribaldry.Bil¶lion (?), n. [F. billion, arbitrarily formed fr. L. bis twice, in imitation of million a million. See Million.] According to the French and American method of numeration, a thousand millions, or 1,000,000,000; according to the English method, a million millions, or 1,000,000,000,000. See Numeration.Bill¶man (?), n.; pl. Billmen (?). One who uses, or is armed with, a bill or hooked ax. ½A billman of the guard.¸Savile.ØBil·lon¶ (?), n. [F. Cf. Billet a stick.] An alloy of gold and silver with a large proportion of copper or other base metal, used in coinage.Bil¶lot (?), n. [F. billot, dim. of bille. See Billet a stick.] Bullion in the bar or mass.Bil¶low (?), n. [Cf. Icel. bylgja billow, Dan. b”lge, Sw. b”lja; akin to MHG. bulge billow, bag, and to E. bulge. See Bulge.] 1. A great wave or surge of the sea or other water, caused usually by violent wind.Whom the winds waft where'er the billows roll.Cowper.2. A great wave or flood of anything.Milton.Bil¶low, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Billowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Billowing.] To surge; to rise and roll in waves or surges; to undulate. ½The billowing snow.¸Prior.Bil¶lowÏy (?), a. Of or pertaining to billows; swelling or swollen into large waves; full of billows or surges; resembling billows.And whitening down the manyÏtinctured stream,Descends the billowy foam.Thomson.Bill¶post·er (?), Bill¶stick¶er (?), } n. One whose occupation is to post handbills or posters in public places.Bil¶ly (?), n. 1. A club; esp., a policeman's club.2. (Wool Manuf.) A slubbing or roving machine.Bil¶lyÏboy· (?), n. A flatÏbottomed river barge or coasting vessel. [Eng.]Bil¶ly goat· (?). A male goat. [Colloq.]
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BiÏlo¶bate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + lobate.] Divided into two lobes or segments.Bi¶lobed (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + lobe.] Bilobate.Bi·loÏca¶tion (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + location.] Double location; the state or power of being in two places at the same instant; Ð a miraculous power attributed to some of the saints.Tylor.BiÏloc¶uÏlar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + locular: cf. F. biloculaire.] Divided into two cells or compartments; as, a bilocular pericarp.Gray.Bil¶sted (?), n. (Bot.) See Sweet gum.ØBil¶tong (?), n. [S. African.] Lean meat cut into strips and sunÏdried.H. R. Haggard.BiÏmac¶uÏlate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + maculate, a.] Having, or marked with, two spots.ØBim¶aÏna (?), n. pl. [NL. See Bimanous.] (Zo”l.) Animals having two hands; Ð a term applied by Cuvier to man as a special order of Mammalia.Bim¶aÏnous (?), a. [L. bis twice + manus hand.] (Zo”l.) Having two hands; twoÏhanded.BiÏmar¶ginÏate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + marginate.] Having a double margin, as certain shells.BiÏmas¶tism (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + Gr. ? breast.] (Anat.) The condition of having two mamm‘ or teats.BiÏme¶diÏal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + medial.] (Geom.) Applied to a line which is the sum of two lines commensurable only in power (as the side and diagonal of a square).BiÏmem¶bral (?), a. [L. bis twice + membrum member.] (Gram.) Having two members; as, a bimembral sentence.J. W. Gibbs.BiÏmen¶sal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + mensal.] See Bimonthly, a. [Obs. or R.]BiÏmes¶triÏal (?), a. [L. bimestris; bis twice + mensis month.] Continuing two months. [R.]Bi·meÏtal¶lic (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + metallic: cf. F. bim‚tallique.] Of or relating to, or using, a double metallic standard (as gold and silver) for a system of coins or currency.BiÏmet¶alÏlism (?), n. [F. bim‚talisme.] The legalized use of two metals (as gold and silver) in the currency of a country, at a fixed relative value; Ð in opposition to monometallism.µ The words bim‚tallisme and monom‚tallisme are due to M. Cernuschi [1869].Littr‚.BiÏmet¶alÏlist (?), n. An advocate of bimetallism.BiÏmonth¶ly (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + monthly.] Occurring, done, or coming, once in two months; as, bimonthly visits; bimonthly publications. Ð n. A bimonthly publication.BiÏmonth¶ly, adv. Once in two months.BiÏmus¶cuÏlar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + muscular.] (Zo”l.) Having two adductor muscles, as a bivalve mollusk.Bin (?), n. [OE. binne, AS. binn manager, crib; perh. akin to D. ben, benne, basket, and to L. benna a kind of carriage ( a Gallic word), W. benn, men, wain, cart.] A box, frame, crib, or inclosed place, used as a receptacle for any commodity; as, a corn bin; a wine bin; a coal bin.Bin, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Binned (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Binning.] To put into a bin; as, to bin wine.Bin. An old form of Be and Been. [Obs.]BinÏ. A euphonic form of the prefix BiÏ.Bi¶nal (?), a. [See Binary.] Twofold; double. [R.] ½Binal revenge, all this.¸Ford.Bin·arÏse¶niÏate (?), n. [Pref. binÏ + arseniate.] (Chem.) A salt having two equivalents of arsenic acid to one of the base.Graham.Bi¶naÏry (?), a. [L. binarius, fr. bini two by two, two at a time, fr. root of bis twice; akin to E. two: cf. F. binaire.] Compounded or consisting of two things or parts; characterized by two (things).Binary arithmetic, that in which numbers are expressed according to the binary scale, or in which two figures only, 0 and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the cipher multiplying everything by two, as in common arithmetic by ten. Thus, 1 is one; 10 is two; 11 is three; 100 is four, etc. Davies & Peck. Ð Binary compound (Chem.), a compound of two elements, or of an element and a compound performing the function of an element, or of two compounds performing the function of elements. Ð Binary logarithms, a system of logarithms devised by Euler for facilitating musical calculations, in which 1 is logarithm of 2, instead of 10, as in the common logarithms, and the modulus 1.442695 instead of .43429448. Ð Binary measure (Mus.), measure divisible by two or four; common time. Ð Binary nomenclature (Nat. Hist.), nomenclature in which the names designate both genus and species. Ð Binary scale (Arith.), a uniform scale of notation whose ratio is two. Ð Binary star (Astron.), a double star whose members have a revolution round their common center of gravity. Ð Binary theory (Chem.), the theory that all chemical compounds consist of two constituents of opposite and unlike qualities.Bi¶naÏry, n. That which is constituted of two figures, things, or parts; two; duality.Fotherby.Bi¶nate (?), a. [L. bini two and two.] (Bot.) Double; growing in pairs or couples.Gray.BinÏau¶ral (?), a. [Pref. binÏ + aural.] Of or pertaining to, or used by, both ears.Bind (?), v. t. [imp. Bound (?); p. p. Bound, formerly Bounden (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Binding.] [AS. bindan, perfect tense band, bundon, p. p. bunden; akin to D. & G. binden, Dan. binde, Sw. & Icel. binda, Goth. bindan, Skr. bandh (for bhandh) to bind, cf. Gr. ? (for ?) cable, and L. offendix. ?90.] 1. To tie, or confine with a cord, band, ligature, chain, etc.; to fetter; to make fast; as, to bind grain in bundles; to bind a prisoner.2. To confine, restrain, or hold by physical force or influence of any kind; as, attraction binds the planets to the sun; frost binds the earth, or the streams.He bindeth the floods from overflowing.Job xxviii. 11.Whom Satan hath bound, lo, these eighteen years.Luke xiii. 16.3. To cover, as with a bandage; to bandage or dress; Ð sometimes with up; as, to bind up a wound.4. To make fast ( a thing) about or upon something, as by tying; to encircle with something; as, to bind a belt about one; to bind a compress upon a part.5. To prevent or restrain from customary or natural action; as, certain drugs bind the bowels.6. To protect or strengthen by a band or binding, as the edge of a carpet or garment.7. To sew or fasten together, and inclose in a cover; as, to bind a book.8. Fig.: To oblige, restrain, or hold, by authority, law, duty, promise, vow, affection, or other moral tie; as, to bind the conscience; to bind by kindness; bound by affection; commerce binds nations to each other.Who made our laws to bind us, not himself.Milton.9. (Law) (a) To bring (any one) under definite legal obligations; esp. under the obligation of a bond or covenant. Abbott. (b) To place under legal obligation to serve; to indenture; as, to bind an apprentice; Ð sometimes with out; as, bound out to service.To bind over, to put under bonds to do something, as to appear at court, to keep the peace, etc. Ð To bind to, to contract; as, to bind one's self to a wife. Ð To bind up in, to cause to be wholly engrossed with; to absorb in.Syn. Ð To fetter; tie; fasten; restrain; restrict; oblige.Bind (?), v. i. 1. To tie; to confine by any ligature.They that reap must sheaf and bind.Shak.2. To contract; to grow hard or stiff; to cohere or stick together in a mass; as, clay binds by heat.Mortimer.3. To be restrained from motion, or from customary or natural action, as by friction.4. To exert a binding or restraining influence.Locke.Bind, n. 1. That which binds or ties.2. Any twining or climbing plant or stem, esp. a hop vine; a bine.3. (Metal.) Indurated clay, when much mixed with the oxide of iron.Kirwan.4. (Mus.) A ligature or tie for grouping notes.Bind¶er (?), n. 1. One who binds; as, a binder of sheaves; one whose trade is to bind; as, a binder of books.2. Anything that binds, as a fillet, cord, rope, or band; a bandage; Ð esp. the principal piece of timber intended to bind together any building.Bind¶erÏy (?), n. A place where books, or other articles, are bound; a bookbinder's establishment.Bind¶heimÏite (?), n. [From Bindheim, a German who analyzed it.] (Min.) An amorphous antimonate of lead, produced from the alteration of other ores, as from jamesonite.Bind¶ing (?), a. That binds; obligatory.Binding beam (Arch.), the main timber in double flooring. Ð Binding joist (Arch.), the secondary timber in doubleÏframed flooring.Syn. Ð Obligatory; restraining; restrictive; stringent; astringent; costive; styptic.Bind¶ing, n. 1. The act or process of one who, or that which, binds.2. Anything that binds; a bandage; the cover of a book, or the cover with the sewing, etc.; something that secures the edge of cloth from raveling.3. pl. (Naut.) The transoms, knees, beams, keelson, and other chief timbers used for connecting and strengthening the parts of a vessel.Bind¶ingÏly, adv. So as to bind.Bind¶ingÏness, n. The condition or property of being binding; obligatory quality.Coleridge.Bind¶weed· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant of the genus Convolvulus; as, greater bindweed (C. Sepium); lesser bindweed (C. arvensis); the white, the blue, the Syrian, bindweed. The black bryony, or Tamus, is called black bindweed, and the Smilax aspera, rough bindweed.The fragile bindweed bells and bryony rings.Tennyson.Bine (?), n. [Bind, cf. Woodbine.] The winding or twining stem of a hop vine or other climbing plant.BiÏnerv¶ate (?), a. [L. bis twice + nervus sinew, nerve.] 1. (Bot.) TwoÏnerved; Ð applied to leaves which have two longitudinal ribs or nerves.2. (Zo”l.) Having only two nerves, as the wings of some insects.Bing (?), n. [Cf. Icel. bingr, Sw. binge, G. beige, beuge. Cf. Prov. E. bink bench, and bench coal the uppermost stratum of coal.] A heap or pile; as, a bing of wood. ½Potato bings.¸ Burns. ½A bing of corn.¸ Surrey. [Obs. or Dial. Eng. & Scot.]BinÏi¶oÏdide (?), n. Same as Diiodide.Bink (?), n. A bench. [North of Eng. & Scot.]Bin¶naÏcle (?), n. [For bittacle, corrupted (perh. by influence of bin) fr. Pg. bitacola binnacle, fr. L. habitaculum dwelling place, fr. habitare to dwell. See Habit, and cf. Bittacle.] (Naut.) A case or box placed near the helmsman, containing the compass of a ship, and a light to show it at night.Totten.Bin¶ny (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large species of barbel (Barbus bynni), found in the Nile, and much esteemed for food.Bin¶oÏcle (?), n. [F. binocle; L. bini two at a time + oculus eye.] (Opt.) A dioptric telescope, fitted with two tubes joining, so as to enable a person to view an object with both eyes at once; a doubleÏbarreled field glass or an opera glass.BinÏoc¶uÏlar (?), a. [Cf. F. binoculaire. See Binocle.] 1. Having two eyes. ½Most animals are binocular.¸Derham.2. Pertaining to both eyes; employing both eyes at once; as, binocular vision.3. Adapted to the use of both eyes; as, a binocular microscope or telescope.Brewster.BinÏoc¶uÏlar (?), n. A binocular glass, whether opera glass, telescope, or microscope.BinÏoc¶uÏlarÏly, adv. In a binocular manner.BinÏoc¶uÏlate (?), a. Having two eyes.BiÏno¶miÏal (?), n. [L. bis twice + nomen name: cf. F. binome, LL. binomius (or fr. biÏ + Gr. ? distribution ?). Cf. Monomial.] (Alg.) An expression consisting of two terms connected by the sign plus (+) or minus (Ð); as, a+b, or 7Ð3.BiÏno¶miÏal, a. 1. Consisting of two terms; pertaining to binomials; as, a binomial root.2. (Nat. Hist.) Having two names; Ð used of the system by which every animal and plant receives two names, the one indicating the genus, the other the species, to which it belongs.Binomial theorem (Alg.), the theorem which expresses the law of formation of any power of a binomial.BiÏnom¶iÏnal (?), a. [See Binomial.] Of or pertaining to two names; binomial.BiÏnom¶iÏnous (?), a. Binominal. [Obs.]BiÏnot¶oÏnous (?), a. [L. bini two at a time + tonus, fr. Gr. ?, tone.] Consisting of two notes; as, a binotonous cry.Bi¶nous (?), a. Same as Binate.BinÏox¶aÏlate (?), n. [Pref. binÏ + oxalate.] (Chem.) A salt having two equivalents of oxalic acid to one of the base; an acid oxalate.BinÏox¶ide (?), n. [Pref. binÏ + oxide.] (Chem.) Same as Dioxide.ØBin¶tuÏrong (?), n. (Zo”l.) A small Asiatic civet of the genus Arctilis.BiÏnu¶cleÏar (?), BiÏnu¶cleÏate (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + nuclear, nucleate.] (Biol.) Having two nuclei; as, binucleate cells.BiÏnu¶cleÏoÏlate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + nucleolus.] (Biol.) Having two nucleoli.Bi¶oÏblast (?), n. [Gr. ? life + Ïblast.] (Biol.) Same as Bioplast.BiÏoc¶elÏlate (?), a. [L. bis twice + ocellatus. See Ocellated.] (Zo”l.) Having two ocelli (eyelike spots); Ð said of a wing, etc.Bi·oÏchem¶isÏtry (?), n. [Gr. ? life + E. chemistry.] (Biol.) The chemistry of living organisms; the chemistry of the processes incidental to ? characteristic of, life.Bi·oÏdyÏnam¶ics (?), n. [Gr. ? life + E. dynamics.] (Biol.) The doctrine of vital forces or energy.Bi¶oÏgen (?), n. [Gr. ? life + Ïgen.] (Biol.) Bioplasm.Bi·oÏgen¶eÏsis (?), BiÏog¶eÏny (?), } n. [Gr. ? life + ?, ?, birth.] (Biol.) (a) A doctrine that the genesis or production of living organisms can take place only through the agency of living germs or parents; Ð opposed to abiogenesis. (b) Life development generally.Bi·oÏgeÏnet¶ic (?), a. (Biol.) Pertaining to biogenesis.BiÏog¶eÏnist (?), n. A believer in the theory of biogenesis.ØBi·ogÏno¶sis (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? investigation.] (Biol.) The investigation of life.BiÏog¶raÏpher (?), n. One who writes an account or history of the life of a particular person; a writer of lives, as Plutarch.Bi¶oÏgraph¶ic (?), Bi·oÏgraph¶icÏal (?), } a. Of or pertaining to biography; containing biography. Ð Bi·oÏgraph¶icÏalÏly, adv.BiÏog¶raÏphize (?), v. t. To write a history of the life of.Southey.BiÏog¶raÏphy (?), n.; pl. Biographies (?). [Gr. ?; ? life + ? to write: cf. F. biographie. See Graphic.] 1. The written history of a person's life.2. Biographical writings in general.Bi·oÏlog¶ic (?), Bi·oÏlog¶icÏal (?), } a. Of or relating to biology. Ð Bi·oÏlog¶icÏalÏly, adv.BiÏol¶oÏgist (?), n. A student of biology; one versed in the science of biology.BiÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? life + Ïlogy: cf. F. biologie.] The science of life; that branch of knowledge which treats of living matter as distinct from matter which is not living; the study of living tissue. It has to do with the origin, structure, development, function, and distribution of animals and plants.ØBiÏol¶yÏsis (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? a dissolving.] (Biol.) The destruction of life.Bi·oÏlyt¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? life + ? to destroy.] Relating to the destruction of life.Bi·oÏmagÏnet¶ic (?), a. Relating to biomagnetism.Bi·oÏmag¶netÏism (?), n. [Gr. ? life + E. magnetism.] Animal magnetism.BiÏom¶eÏtry (?), n. [Gr. ? life + Ïmetry.] Measurement of life; calculation of the probable duration of human life.Bi¶on (?), n. [Gr. ? living, p. pr. of ? to live.] (Biol.) The physiological individual, characterized by definiteness and independence of function, in distinction from the morphological individual or morphon.BiÏon¶oÏmy (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? law.] Physiology. [R.]Dunglison.Bi¶oÏphor· Bi¶oÏphore· } (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? bearing, fr. ? to bear.] (Biol.) One of the smaller vital units of a cell, the bearer of vitality and heredity. See Pangen, in Supplement.Bi¶oÏplasm (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? form, mold, fr. ? to mold.] (Biol.) A name suggested by Dr. Beale for the germinal matter supposed to be essential to the functions of all living beings; the material through which every form of life manifests itself; unaltered protoplasm.
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Bi·oÏplas¶mic (?), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, bioplasm.Bi¶oÏplast (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? to form.] (Biol.) A tiny mass of bioplasm, in itself a living unit and having formative power, as a living white blood corpuscle; bioblast.Bi·oÏplas¶tic (?), a. (Biol.) Bioplasmic.BiÏor¶gan (?), n. [Gr. ? life + E. organ.] (Biol.) A physiological organ; a living organ; an organ endowed with function; Ð distinguished from idorgan.Bi·oÏstat¶ics (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ?. See Statics.] (Biol.) The physical phenomena of organized bodies, in opposition to their organic or vital phenomena.Bi·oÏstaÏtis¶tics (?), n. [Gr. ? life + E. statistics.] (Biol.) Vital statistics.Bi¶oÏtax·y (?), n. [Gr. ? life + ? arrangement.] (Biol.) The classification of living organisms according to their structural character; taxonomy.BiÏot¶ic (?), a. [Gr. ? pert. to life.] (Biol.) Relating to life; as, the biotic principle.Bi¶oÏtite (?), n. [From Biot, a French naturalist.] (Min.) Mica containing iron and magnesia, generally of a black or dark green color; Ð a common constituent of crystalline rocks. See Mica.BiÏpal¶mate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + palmate.] (Bot.) Palmately branched, with the branches again palmated.Bi·paÏri¶eÏtal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + parietal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the diameter of the cranium, from one parietal fossa to the other.Bip¶aÏrous (?), a. [L. bis twice + parere to bring forth.] Bringing forth two at a birth.BiÏpart¶iÏble (?), a. [Cf. F. bipartible. See Bipartite.] Capable of being divided into two parts.BiÏpar¶tient (?), a. [L. bis twice + partiens, p. pr. of partire to divide.] Dividing into two parts. Ð n. A number that divides another into two equal parts without a remainder.BiÏpar¶tile (?), a. Divisible into two parts.Bip¶arÏtite (?), a. [L. bipartitus, p. p. of bipartire; bis twice + partire. See Partite.] 1. Being in two parts; having two correspondent parts, as a legal contract or writing, one for each party; shared by two; as, a bipartite treaty.2. Divided into two parts almost to the base, as a leaf; consisting of two parts or subdivisions.Gray.Bi·parÏti¶tion (?), n. The act of dividing into two parts, or of making two correspondent parts, or the state of being so divided.BiÏpec¶tiÏnate (?), BiÏpec¶tiÏna·ted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + pectinate.] (Biol.) Having two margins toothed like a comb.Bi¶ped (?), n. [L. bipes; bis twice + pes, pedis, ?oot: cf. F. bipŠde.] A twoÏfooted animal, as man.Bi¶ped, a. Having two feet; twoÏfooted.By which the man, when heavenly life was ceased,Became a helpless, naked, biped beast.Byrom.Bip¶eÏdal (?), a. [L. bipedalis: cf. F. bip‚dal. See Biped, n.] 1. Having two feet; biped.2. Pertaining to a biped.BiÏpel¶tate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + peltate.] Having a shell or covering like a double shield.BiÏpen¶nate (?), BiÏpen¶naÏted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + pennate: cf. L. bipennis. Cf. Bipinnate.] Having two wings. ½Bipennated insects.¸Derham.ØBiÏpen¶nis (?), n. [L.] An ax with an edge or blade on each side of the handle.BiÏpet¶alÏous (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + petalous.] (Bot.) Having two petals.ØBi·pinÏna¶riÏa (?), n. [NL., fr. L. bis twice + pinna feather.] (Zo”l.) The larva of certain starfishes as developed in the freeÏswimming stage.BiÏpin¶nate (?), BiÏpin¶naÏted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + pinnate; cf. F. bipinn‚. Cf. Bipennate.] Twice pinnate.Bi·pinÏnat¶iÏfid (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + pinnatifid.] (Bot.) Doubly pinnatifid.A bipinnatifid leaf is a pinnatifid leaf having its segments or divisions also pinnatifid. The primary divisions are pinn‘ and the secondary pinnules.Bip¶liÏcate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + plicate.] Twice folded together.Henslow.BiÏplic¶iÏty (?), n. The state of being twice folded; reduplication. [R.]Bailey.BiÏpo¶lar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + polar. Cf. Dipolar.] Doubly polar; having two poles; as, a bipolar cell or corpuscle.Bi·poÏlar¶iÏty (?), n. Bipolar quality.Bi¶pont (?), BiÏpont¶ine (?), a. (Bibliog.) Relating to books printed at Deuxponts, or Bipontium (Zweibrcken), in Bavaria.BiÏpunc¶tate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + punctate.] Having two punctures, or spots.BiÏpunc¶tuÏal (?), a. Having two points.BiÏpu¶pilÏlate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + pupil (of the eye).] (Zo”l.) Having an eyelike spot on the wing, with two dots within it of a different color, as in some butterflies.Bi·pyÏram¶iÏdal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + pyramidal.] Consisting of two pyramids placed base to base; having a pyramid at each of the extremities of a prism, as in quartz crystals.BiÏquad¶rate (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + quadrate.] (Math.) The fourth power, or the square of the square. Thus 4x4=16, the square of 4, and 16x16=256, the biquadrate of 4.Bi·quadÏrat¶ic (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + quadratic: cf. F. biquadratique.] (Math.) Of or pertaining to the biquadrate, or fourth power.Biquadratic equation (Alg.), an equation of the fourth degree, or an equation in some term of which the unknown quantity is raised to the fourth power. Ð Biquadratic root of a number, the square root of the square root of that number. Thus the square root of 81 is 9, and the square root of 9 is 3, which is the biquadratic root of 81. Hutton.Bi·quadÏrat¶ic, n. (Math.) (a) A biquadrate. (b) A biquadratic equation.BiÏquin¶tile (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + quintile: cf. F. biquintile.] (Astron.) An aspect of the planets when they are distant from each other by twice the fifth part of a great circle Ð that is, twice 72 degrees.BiÏra¶diÏate (?), BiÏra¶diÏa·ted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + radiate.] Having two rays; as, a biradiate fin.BiÏra¶mous (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + ramous.] (Biol.) Having, or consisting of, two branches.Birch (?), n.; pl. Birches (?). [OE. birche, birk, AS. birce, beorc; akin to Icel. bj”rk, Sw. bj”rk, Dan. birk, D. berk, OHG. piricha, MHG. birche, birke, G. birke, Russ. bereza, Pol. brzoza, Serv. breza, Skr. bh?rja. ?254. Cf. 1st Birk.] 1. A tree of several species, constituting the genus Betula; as, the white or common birch (B. alba) (also called silver birch and lady birch); the dwarf birch (B. glandulosa); the paper or canoe birch (B. papyracea); the yellow birch (B. lutea); the black or cherry birch (B. lenta).2. The wood or timber of the birch.3. A birch twig or birch twigs, used for flogging.µ The twigs of the common European birch (B. alba), being tough and slender, were formerly much used for rods in schools. They were also made into brooms.The threatening twigs of birch.Shak.4. A birchÏbark canoe.Birch of Jamaica, a species (Bursera gummifera) of turpentine tree. Ð Birch partridge. (Zo”l.) See Ruffed grouse. Ð Birch wine, wine made of the spring sap of the birch. Ð Oil of birch. (a) An oil obtained from the bark of the common European birch (Betula alba), and used in the preparation of genuine ( and sometimes of the imitation) Russia leather, to which it gives its peculiar odor. (b) An oil prepared from the black birch (B. lenta), said to be identical with the oil of wintergreen, for which it is largely sold.Birch, a. Of or pertaining to the birch; birchen.Birch, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Birched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Birching.] To whip with a birch rod or twig; to flog.Birch¶en (?), a. Of or relating to birch.He passed where Newark's stately towerLooks out from Yarrow's birchen bower.Sir W. Scott.Bird (?), n. [OE. brid, bred, bird, young bird, bird, AS. bridd young bird. ?92.] 1. Orig., a chicken; the young of a fowl; a young eaglet; a nestling; and hence, a feathered flying animal (see 2).That ungentle gull, the cuckoo's bird.Shak.The brydds [birds] of the aier have nestes.Tyndale (Matt. viii. 20).2. (Zo”l.) A warmÏblooded, feathered vertebrate provided with wings. See Aves.3. Specifically, among sportsmen, a game bird.4. Fig.: A girl; a maiden.And by my word! the bonny birdIn danger shall not tarry.Campbell.Arabian bird, the phenix. Ð Bird of Jove, the eagle. Ð Bird of Juno, the peacock. Ð Bird louse (Zo”l.), a wingless insect of the group Mallophaga, of which the genera and species are very numerous and mostly parasitic upon birds. Ð Bird mite (Zo”l.), a small mite (genera Dermanyssus, Dermaleichus and allies) parasitic upon birds. The species are numerous. Ð Bird of passage, a migratory bird. Ð Bird spider (Zo”l.), a very large South American spider (Mygale avicularia). It is said sometimes to capture and kill small birds. Ð Bird tick (Zo”l.), a dipterous insect parasitic upon birds (genus Ornithomyia, and allies), usually winged.Bird (?), v. i. 1. To catch or shoot birds.2. Hence: To seek for game or plunder; to thieve. [R.]B. Jonson.Bird¶bolt· (?), n. A short blunt arrow for killing birds without piercing them. Hence: Anything which smites without penetrating.Shak.Bird¶ cage¶, or Bird¶cage· (?), n. A cage for confining birds.Bird¶call· (?), n. 1. A sound made in imitation of the note or cry of a bird for the purpose of decoying the bird or its mate.2. An instrument of any kind, as a whistle, used in making the sound of a birdcall.Bird¶catch·er (?), n. One whose employment it is to catch birds; a fowler.Bird¶catch·ing, n. The art, act, or occupation or catching birds or wild fowls.Bird¶ cher·ry (?). (Bot.) A shrub (Prunus Padus ) found in Northern and Central Europe. It bears small black cherries.Bird¶er (?), n. A birdcatcher.Bird¶Ðeyed· (?), a. QuickÏsighted; catching a glance as one goes.Bird¶ fan·ciÏer (?). 1. One who takes pleasure in rearing or collecting rare or curious birds.2. One who has for sale the various kinds of birds which are kept in cages.Bird¶ie (?), n. A pretty or dear little bird; Ð a pet name.Tennyson.Bird¶iÏkin (?), n. A young bird.Thackeray.Bird¶ing, n. Birdcatching or fowling.Shak.Birding piece, a fowling piece.Shak.Bird¶let, n. A little bird; a nestling.Bird¶like· (?), a. Resembling a bird.Bird¶lime· (?), n. [Bird + lime viscous substance.] An extremely adhesive viscid substance, usually made of the middle bark of the holly, by boiling, fermenting, and cleansing it. When a twig is smeared with this substance it will hold small birds which may light upon it. Hence: Anything which insnares.Not birdlime or Idean pitch produceA more tenacious mass of clammy juice.Dryden.µ Birdlime is also made from mistletoe, elder, etc.Bird¶lime·, v. t. To smear with birdlime; to catch with birdlime; to insnare.When the heart is thus birdlimed, then it cleaves to everything it meets with.Coodwin.Bird¶ling, n. A little bird; a nestling.Bird¶man (?), n. A fowler or birdcatcher.Bird¶ of par¶aÏdise (?). (Zo”l.) The name of several very beautiful birds of the genus Paradisea and allied genera, inhabiting New Guinea and the adjacent islands. The males have brilliant colors, elegant plumes, and often remarkable tail feathers.µ The Great emerald (Paradisea apoda) and the Lesser emerald (P. minor) furnish many of the plumes used as ornaments by ladies; the Red is P. rubra or sanguinea; the Golden is Parotia aurea or sexsetacea; the King is Cincinnurus regius.The name is also applied to the lingerÏbilled birds of another related group (Epimachin‘) from the same region. The Twelvewired (Seleucides alba) is one of these. See Paradise bird, and Note under Apod.Bird¶ pep·per (?). A species of capsicum (Capsicum baccatum), whose small, conical, coralÏred fruit is among the most piquant of all red peppers.Bird's¶Ðbeak· (?), n. (Arch.) A molding whose section is thought to resemble a beak.Bird¶seed· (?), n. Canary seed, hemp, millet or other small seeds used for feeding caged birds.Bird's¶Ðeye· (?), a. 1. Seen from above, as if by a flying bird; embraced at a glance; hence, general? not minute, or entering into details; as, a bird'sÐeye view.2. Marked with spots resembling bird's eyes; as, bird'sÐeye diaper; bird'sÐeye maple.Bird's¶Ðeye·, n. (Bot.) A plant with a small bright flower, as the Adonis or pheasant's eye, the mealy primrose (Primula farinosa), and species of Veronica, Geranium, etc.Bird's¶Ðeye· ma¶ple (?). See under Maple.Bird's¶Ðfoot· (?), n. (Bot.) A papilionaceous plant, the Ornithopus, having a curved, cylindrical pod tipped with a short, clawlike point.Bird'sÐfoot trefoil. (Bot.) (a) A genus of plants (Lotus) with clawlike pods. L. corniculatas, with yellow flowers, is very common in Great Britain. (b) the related plant, Trigonella ornithopodioides, is also European.Bird'sÐmouth· (?), n. (Arch.) An interior a?gle or notch cut across a piece of timber, for the reception of the edge of another, as that in a rafter to be laid on a plate; Ð commonly called crow'sÐfoot in the United States.Bird's¶ nest·, or Bird'sÐnest (?), n. 1. The nest in which a bird lays eggs and hatches her young.2. (Cookery) The nest of a small swallow (Collocalia nidifica and several allied species), of China and the neighboring countries, which is mixed with soups.µ The nests are found in caverns and fissures of
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cliffs on rocky coasts, and are composed in part of alg‘. They are of the size of a goose egg, and in substance resemble isinglass. See Illust. under Edible.3. (Bot.) An orchideous plant with matted roots, of the genus Neottia (N. nidusÏavis.)Bird'sÐnest pudding, a pudding containing apples whose cores have been replaces by sugar. Ð Yellow bird's nest, a plant, the Monotropa hypopitys.Bird'sÐnest·ing (?), n. Hunting for, or taking, birds' nests or their contents.Bird's¶Ðtongue· (?), n. (Bot.) The knotgrass (Polygonum aviculare).Bird¶Ðwit·ted (?), a. Flighty; passing rapidly from one subject to another; not having the faculty of attention.Bacon.Bi·recÏtan¶guÏlar (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + rectangular.] Containing or having two right angles; as, a birectangular spherical triangle.Bi¶reme (?), n. [L. biremis; bis twice + remus oar: cf. F. birŠme.] An ancient galley or vessel with two banks or tiers of oars.BiÏret¶ta (?), n. Same as Berretta.Bir¶ganÏder (?), n. See Bergander.Birk (?), n. [See Birch, n.] A birch tree. [Prov. Eng.] ½The silver birk.¸Tennyson.Birk, n. (Zo”l.) A small European minnow (Leuciscus phoxinus).Birk¶en (?), v. t. [From 1st Birk.] To whip with a birch or rod. [Obs.]Birk¶en, a. Birchen; as, birken groves.Burns.Bir¶kie (?), n. A lively or mettlesome fellow. [Jocular, Scot.]Burns.Birl (?), v. t. & i. To revolve or cause to revolve; to spin. [Scot.]Sir W. Scott.Birl (?), v. t. & i. [AS. byrlian. ?92.] To pour (beer or wine); to ply with drink; to drink; to carouse. [Obs. or Dial.]Skelton.Bir¶law (?), n. [See ByÏlaw.] (Law) A law made by husbandmen respecting rural affairs; a rustic or local law or byÏlaw. [Written also byrlaw, birlie, birley.]BiÏros·trate (?), BiÏros¶traÏted (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + rostrate.] Having a double beak, or two processes resembling beaks.The capsule is bilocular and birostrated.Ed. Encyc.Birr (?), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Birred (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Birring.] [Cf. OE. bur, bir, wind, storm wind, fr. Icel. byrr wind. Perh. imitative.] To make, or move with, a whirring noise, as of wheels in motion.Birr, n. 1. A whirring sound, as of a spinning wheel.2. A rush or impetus; force.Bir¶rus (?), n. [LL., fr. L. birrus a kind of cloak. See Berretta.] A coarse kind of thick woolen cloth, worn by the poor in the Middle Ages; also, a woolen cap or hood worn over the shoulders or over the head.Birse (?), n. A bristle or bristles. [Scot.]Birt (?), n. [OE. byrte; cf. F. bertonneau. Cf. Bret, Burt.] (Zo”l.) A fish of the turbot kind; the brill. [Written also burt, bret, or brut.] [Prov. Eng.]Birth (?), n. [OE. burth, birth, AS. beor?, gebyrd, fr. beran to bear, bring forth; akin to D. geboorate, OHG. burt, giburt, G. geburt, Icel. bur?r, Skr. bhrti bearing, supporting; cf. Ir. & Gael. beirthe born, brought forth. ?92. See 1st Bear, and cf. Berth.] 1. The act or fact of coming into life, or of being born; Ð generally applied to human beings; as, the birth of a son.2. Lineage; extraction; descent; sometimes, high birth; noble extraction.Elected without reference to birth, but solely for qualifications.Prescott.3. The condition to which a person is born; natural state or position; inherited disposition or tendency.A foe by birth to Troy's unhappy name.Dryden.4. The act of bringing forth; as, she had two children at a birth. ½At her next birth.¸Milton.5. That which is born; that which is produced, whether animal or vegetable.Poets are far rarer births that kings.B. Jonson.Others hatch their eggs and tend the birth till it is able to shift for itself.Addison.6. Origin; beginning; as, the birth of an empire.New birth (Theol.), regeneration, or the commencement of a religious life.Syn. Ð Parentage; extraction; lineage; race; family.Birth, n. See Berth. [Obs.]De Foe.Birth¶day· (?), n. 1. The day in which any person is born; day of origin or commencement.Those barbarous ages past, succeeded nextThe birthday of invention.Cowper.2. The day of the month in which a person was born, in whatever succeeding year it may recur; the anniversary of one's birth.This is my birthday; as this very dayWas Cassius born.Shak.Birth¶day·, a. Of or pertaining to the day of birth, or its anniversary; as, birthday gifts or festivities.Birth¶dom (?), n. [Birth + Ïdom.] The land of one's birth; one's inheritance. [R.]Shak.Birth¶ing, n. (Naut.) Anything added to raise the sides of a ship.Bailey.Birth¶less, a. Of mean extraction. [R.]Sir W. Scott.Birth¶mark· (?), n. Some peculiar mark or blemish on the body at birth.Most part of this noble lineage carried upon their body for a natural birthmark, … a snake.Sir T. North.Birth¶night· (?), n. The night in which a person is born; the anniversary of that night in succeeding years.The angelic song in Bethlehem field,On thy birthnight, that sung thee Savior born.Milton.Birth¶place· (?), n. The town, city, or country, where a person is born; place of origin or birth, in its more general sense. ½The birthplace of valor.¸Burns.Birth¶right· (?), n. Any right, privilege, or possession to which a person is entitled by birth, such as an estate descendible by law to an heir, or civil liberty under a free constitution; esp. the rights or inheritance of the first born.Lest there be any … profane person, as Esau, who for one morsel of meat sold his birthright.Heb. xii. 16.Birth¶root· (?), n. (Bot.) An herbaceous plant (Trillium erectum), and its astringent rootstock, which is said to have medicinal properties.Birth¶wort· (?), n. A genus of herbs and shrubs (Aristolochia), reputed to have medicinal properties.Bis (?), adv. [L. bis twice, for duis, fr. root of duo two. See Two, and cf. BiÏ.] Twice; Ð a word showing that something is, or is to be, repeated; as a passage of music, or an item in accounts.BisÏ, pref. A form of BiÏ, sometimes used before s, c, or a vowel.Bi¶sa an¶teÏlope (?). (Zo”l.) See Oryx.BiÏsac¶cate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + saccate.] (Bot.) Having two little bags, sacs, or pouches.BisÏcay¶an (?), a. Of or pertaining to Biscay in Spain. Ðn. A native or inhabitant of Biscay.Bis¶coÏtin (?), n. [F. biscotin. See Biscuit.] A confection made of flour, sugar, marmalade, and eggs; a sweet biscuit.Bis¶cuit (?), n. [F. biscuit (cf. It. biscotto, Sp. bizcocho, Pg. biscouto), fr. L. bis twice + coctus, p. p. of coquere to cook, bake. See Cook, and cf. Bisque a kind of porcelain.] 1. A kind of unraised bread, of many varieties, plain, sweet, or fancy, formed into flat cakes, and bakes hard; as, ship biscuit.According to military practice, the bread or biscuit of the Romans was twice prepared in the oven.Gibbon.2. A small loaf or cake of bread, raised and shortened, or made light with soda or baking powder. Usually a number are baked in the same pan, forming a sheet or card.3. Earthen ware or porcelain which has undergone the first baking, before it is subjected to the glazing.4. (Sculp.) A species of white, unglazed porcelain, in which vases, figures, and groups are formed in miniature.Meat biscuit, an alimentary preparation consisting of matters extracted from meat by boiling, or of meat ground fine and combined with flour, so as to form biscuits.BiÏscu¶tate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + scutate.] (Bot.) Resembling two bucklers placed side by side.ØBise (?), n. [F.] A cold north wind which prevails on the northern coasts of the Mediterranean and in Switzerland, etc.; Ð nearly the same as the mistral.Bise (?), n. (Paint.) See Bice.BiÏsect¶ (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bisected; p. pr. & vb. n. Bisecting.] [L. bis twice + secare, sectum, to cut.] 1. To cut or divide into two parts.2. (Geom.) To divide into two equal parts.BiÏsec¶tion (?), n. [Cf. F. bissection.] Division into two parts, esp. two equal parts.BiÏsec¶tor (?), n. One who, or that which, bisects; esp. (Geom.) a straight line which bisects an angle.BiÏsec¶trix (?), n. The line bisecting the angle between the optic axes of a biaxial crystal.BiÏseg¶ment (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + segment.] One of tow equal parts of a line, or other magnitude.BiÏsep¶tate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + septate.] With two partitions or septa.Gray.BiÏse¶riÏal (?), BiÏse¶riÏate (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + serial, seriate.] In two rows or series.BiÏser¶rate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + serrate.]1. (Bot.) Doubly serrate, or having the serratures serrate, as in some leaves.2. (Zo”l.) Serrate on both sides, as some antenn‘.BiÏse¶tose (?), BiÏse¶tous (?), } a. [Pref. biÏ + setose, setous.] Having two bristles.BiÏsex¶ous (?), a. [L. bis twice + sexus sex: cf. F. bissexe.] Bisexual. [Obs.]Sir T. Browne.BiÏsex¶uÏal (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + sexual.] (Biol.) Of both sexes; hermaphrodite; as a flower with stamens and pistil, or an animal having ovaries and testes.BiÏsex¶uÏous (?), a. Bisexual.BiÏseye¶ (?), p. p. of Besee. [Obs.]Chaucer.Evil biseye, ill looking. [Obs.]Bish (?), n. Same as Bikh.Bish¶op (?), n. [OE. bischop, biscop, bisceop, AS. bisceop, biscop, L. episcopus overseer, superintendent, bishop, fr. Gr. ?, ? over + ? inspector, fr. root of ?, ?, to look to, perh. akin to L. specere to look at. See Spy, and cf. Episcopal.]1. A spiritual overseer, superintendent, or director.Ye were as sheep going astray; but are now returned unto the Shepherd and Bishop of your souls.1 Pet. ii. 25.It is a fact now generally recognized by theologians of all shades of opinion, that in the language of the New Testament the same officer in the church is called indifferently ½bishop¸ ( ? ) and ½elder¸ or ½presbyter.¸J. B. Lightfoot.2. In the Roman Catholic, Greek, and Anglican or Protestant Episcopal churches, one ordained to the highest order of the ministry, superior to the priesthood, and generally claiming to be a successor of the Apostles. The bishop is usually the spiritual head or ruler of a diocese, bishopric, or see.Bishop in partibus [infidelium] (R. C. Ch.), a bishop of a see which does not actually exist; one who has the office of bishop, without especial jurisdiction. Shipley. Ð Titular bishop (R. C. Ch.), a term officially substituted in 1882 for bishop in partibus. Ð Bench of Bishops. See under Bench.3. In the Methodist Episcopal and some other churches, one of the highest church officers or superintendents.4. A piece used in the game of chess, bearing a representation of a bishop's miter; Ð formerly called archer.5. A beverage, being a mixture of wine, oranges or lemons, and sugar.Swift.6. An old name for a woman's bustle. [U. S.]If, by her bishop, or her ½grace¸ alone,A genuine lady, or a church, is known.Saxe.Bish¶op, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bishoped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bishoping.] To admit into the church by confirmation; to confirm; hence, to receive formally to favor.Bish¶op (?), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bishoped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bishoping.] [From the name of the scoundrel who first practiced it. Youatt.] (Far.) To make seem younger, by operating on the teeth; as, to bishop an old horse or his teeth.The plan adopted is to cut off all the nippers with a saw to the proper length, and then with a cutting instrument the operator scoops out an oval cavity in the corner nippers, which is afterwards burnt with a hot iron until it is black.J. H. Walsh.Bish¶opÏdom (?), n. Jurisdiction of a bishop; episcopate. ½Divine right of bishopdom.¸Milton.Bish¶opÏlike· (?), a. Resembling a bishop; belonging to a bishop.Fulke.Bish¶opÏly, a. Bishoplike; episcopal. [Obs.]Bish¶opÏly, adv. In the manner of a bishop. [Obs.]Bish¶opÏric (?), n. [AS. bisceoprÆce; bisceop bishop + rÆce dominion. See Ïric.] 1. A diocese; the district over which the jurisdiction of a bishop extends.2. The office of a spiritual overseer, as of an apostle, bishop, or presbyter.Acts i. 20.Bish¶op's cap· (?). (Bot.) A plant of the genus Mitella; miterwort.Longfellow.Bish¶op sleeve· (?). A wide sleeve, once worn by women.Bish¶op's length· (?). A canvas for a portrait measuring 58 by 94 inches. The half bishop measures 45 of 56.Bish¶opÐstool· (?), n. A bishop's seat or see.Bish¶op'sÐweed· (?), n. (Bot.) (a) An umbelliferous plant of the genus Ammi. (b) Goutweed (?gopodium podagraria).Bish¶op'sÐwort· (?), n. (Bot.) Wood betony (Stachys betonica); also, the plant called fennel flower (Nigella Damascena), or devilÏinÏaÏbush.Bis¶ie (?), v. t. To busy; to employ. [Obs.]BiÏsil¶iÏcate (?), n. (Min. Chem.) A salt of metasilicic acid; Ð so called because the ratio of the oxygen of the silica to the oxygen of the base is as two to one. The bisilicates include many of the most common and important minerals.Bisk (?), n. [F. bisque.] Soup or broth made by boiling several sorts of flesh together.King.Bisk, n. [F. bisque.] (Tennis) See Bisque.BiÏsmare¶ (?), BiÏsmer¶ (?), n. [AS. bismer.] Shame; abuse. [Obs.]Chaucer.Bis¶mer (?), n. 1. A rule steelyard. [Scot.]2. (Zo”l.) The fifteenÏspined (Gasterosteus spinachia).ØBisÏmil¶lah (?), interj. [Arabic, in the name of God!] An adjuration or exclamation common among the Mohammedans. [Written also Bizmillah.]Bis¶mite (?), n. (Min.) Bismuth trioxide, or bismuth ocher.Bis¶muth (?), n. [Ger. bismuth, wismuth: cf. F. bismuth.] (Chem.) One of the elements; a metal of a reddish white color, crystallizing in rhombohedrons. It is somewhat harder than lead, and rather brittle; masses show broad cleavage surfaces when broken across. It metals at 507? Fahr., being easily fused in the flame of a candle. It is found in a native state, and as a constituent of some minerals. Specific gravity 9.8. Atomic weight 207.5. Symbol Bi.µ Chemically, bismuth (with arsenic and antimony is intermediate between the metals and nonmetals; it is used in thermoÏelectric piles, and as an alloy with lead and tin in the fusible alloy or metal. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic substance known.Bismuth glance, bismuth sulphide; bismuthinite. Ð Bismuth ocher, a native bismuth oxide; bismite.Bis¶muthÏal (?), a. Containing bismuth.Bis¶muthÏic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to bismuth; containing bismuth, when this element has its higher valence; as, bismuthic oxide.Bis·muthÏif¶erÏous (?), a. [Bismuth + Ïferous.] Containing bismuth.Bis¶muthÏine (?), Bis¶muthÏinÏite (?), } n. Native bismuth sulphide; Ð sometimes called bismuthite.Bis¶muthÏous (?), a. Of, or containing, bismuth, when this element has its lower valence.Bis¶muthÏyl· (?), n. (Min.) Hydrous carbonate of bismuth, an earthy mineral of a dull white or yellowish color. [Written also bismuthite.]Bi¶son (?), n. [L. bison, Gr. ?, a wild ox; akin to OHG. wisunt, wisant, G. wisent, AS. wesend, Icel. vÆsundr: cf. F. bison.] (Zo”l.) (a) The aurochs or European bison. (b) The American bison buffalo (Bison Americanus), a large, gregarious bovine quadruped with shaggy mane and short black horns, which formerly roamed in herds over most of the temperate portion of North America, but is now restricted to very limited districts in the region of the Rocky Mountains, and is rapidly decreasing in numbers.
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BiÏspi¶nose (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + spinose.] (Zo”l.) Having two spines.ØBisque (?), n. [A corruption of biscuit.] Unglazed white porcelain.Bisque, n. [F.] A point taken by the receiver of odds in the game of tennis; also, an extra innings allowed to a weaker player in croquet.ØBisque, n. [F.] A white soup made of crayfish.BisÏsex¶tile (?), n. [L. bissextilis annus, fr. bissextus (bis + sextus sixth, fr. sex six) the sixth of the calends of March, or twentyÏfourth day of February, which was reckoned twice every fourth year, by the intercalation of a day.] Leap year; every fourth year, in which a day is added to the month of February on account of the excess of the tropical year (365 d. 5 h. 48 m. 46 s.) above 365 days. But one day added every four years is equivalent to six hours each year, which is 11 m. 14 s. more than the excess of the real year. Hence, it is necessary to suppress the bissextile day at the end of every century which is not divisible by 400, while it is retained at the end of those which are divisible by 400.BisÏsex¶tile, a. Pertaining to leap year.Bis¶son (?), a. [OE. bisen, bisne, AS. bisen, prob. for bÆs?ne; bi by + s?ne clear, akin to se¢n to see; clear when near, hence shortÏsighted. See See.] Purblind; blinding. [Obs.] ½Bisson rheum.¸Shak.Bis¶ter, Bis¶tre } (?), n. [F. bistre a color made of soot; of unknown origin. Cf., however, LG. biester frowning, dark, ugly.] (Paint.) A dark brown pigment extracted from the soot of wood.BiÏstip¶uled (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + stipule.] (Bot.) Having two stipules.Bis¶tort (?), n. [L. bis + tortus, p. p. of torquere to twist: cf. F. bistorte.] (Bot.) An herbaceous plant of the genus Polygonum, section Bistorta; snakeweed; adderwort. Its root is used in medicine as an astringent.Bis¶touÏry (?), n.; pl. Bistouries (?). [F. bistouri.] A surgical instrument consisting of a slender knife, either straight or curved, generally used by introducing it beneath the part to be divided, and cutting towards the surface.Bis¶tre (?), n. See Bister.BiÏsul¶cate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + sulcate.]1. Having two grooves or furrows.2. (Zo”l.) Cloven; said of a foot or hoof.BiÏsul¶cous (?), a. [L. bisulcus; bis twice + sulcus furrow.] Bisulcate.Sir T. Browne.BiÏsul¶phate (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + sulphate.] (Chem.) A sulphate in which but half the hydrogen of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical, thus making the proportion of the acid to the positive or basic portion twice what it is in the normal sulphates; an acid sulphate.BiÏsul¶phide (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + sulphide.] (Chem.) A sulphide having two atoms of sulphur in the molecule; a disulphide, as in iron pyrites, FeS2; Ð less frequently called bisulphuret.BiÏsul¶phite (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of sulphurous acid in which the base replaces but half the hydrogen of the acid; an acid sulphite.BiÏsul¶phuÏret (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + sulphuret.] (Chem.) See Bisulphide.Bit (?), n. [OE. bitt, bite, AS. bite, bite, fr. bÆtan to bite. See Bite, n. & v., and cf. Bit a morsel.] 1. The part of a bridle, usually of iron, which is inserted in the mouth of a horse, and having appendages to which the reins are fastened.Shak.The foamy bridle with the bit of gold.Chaucer.2. Fig.: Anything which curbs or restrains.Bit, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Bitted (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Bitting.] To put a bridle upon; to put the bit in the mouth of.Bit, imp. & p. p. of Bite.Bit, n. [OE. bite, AS. bita, fr. bÆtan to bite; akin to D. beet, G. bissen bit, morsel, Icel. biti. See Bite, v., and cf. Bit part of a bridle.] 1. A part of anything, such as may be bitten off or taken into the mouth; a morsel; a bite. Hence: A small piece of anything; a little; a mite.2. Somewhat; something, but not very great.My young companion was a bit of a poet.T. Hook.µ This word is used, also, like jot and whit, to express the smallest degree; as, he is not a bit wiser.3. A tool for boring, of various forms and sizes, usually turned by means of a brace or bitstock. See Bitstock.4. The part of a key which enters the lock and acts upon the bolt and tumblers.Knight.5. The cutting iron of a plane.Knight.6. In the Southern and Southwestern States, a small silver coin (as the real) formerly current; commonly, one worth about 12 1/2 cents; also, the sum of 12 1/2 cents.Bit my bit, piecemeal.Pope.Bit, 3d sing. pr. of Bid, for biddeth. [Obs.]Chaucer.BiÏtake¶ (?), v. t. [See Betake, Betaught.] To commend; to commit. [Obs.]Chaucer.BiÏtan¶gent (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + tangent.] (Geom.) Possessing the property of touching at two points. Ð n. A line that touches a curve in two points.BiÏtar¶trate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of tartaric acid in which the base replaces but half the acid hydrogen; an acid tartrate, as cream of tartar.Bitch (?), n. [OE. biche, bicche, AS. bicce; cf. Icel. bikkja, G. betze, peize.] 1. The female of the canine kind, as of the dog, wolf, and fox.2. An opprobrious name for a woman, especially a lewd woman.Pope.Bite (?), v. t. [imp. Bit (?); p. p. Bitten (?), Bit; p. pr. & vb. n. Biting.] [OE. biten, AS. bÆtan; akin to D. bijten, OS. bÆtan, OHG. bÆzan, G. beissen, Goth. beitan, Icel. bÆta, Sw. bita, Dan. bide, L. findere to cleave, Skr. bhid to cleave. ?87. Cf. Fissure.]1. To seize with the teeth, so that they enter or nip the thing seized; to lacerate, crush, or wound with the teeth; as, to bite an apple; to bite a crust; the dog bit a man.Such smiling rogues as these,Like rats, oft bite the holy cords atwain.Shak.2. To puncture, abrade, or sting with an organ (of some insects) used in taking food.3. To cause sharp pain, or smarting, to; to hurt or injure, in a literal or a figurative sense; as, pepper bites the mouth. ½Frosts do bite the meads.¸Shak.4. To cheat; to trick; to take in. [Colloq.]Pope.5. To take hold of; to hold fast; to adhere to; as, the anchor bites the ground.The last screw of the rack having been turned so often that its purchase crumbled, … it turned and turned with nothing to bite.Dickens.To bite the dust, To bite the ground, to fall in the agonies of death; as, he made his enemy bite the dust. Ð To bite in (Etching), to corrode or eat into metallic plates by means of an acid. Ð To bite the thumb at (any one), formerly a mark of contempt, designed to provoke a quarrel; to defy. ½Do you bite your thumb at us ?¸ Shak. Ð To bite the tongue, to keep silence. Shak.Bite (?), v. i. 1. To seize something forcibly with the teeth; to wound with the teeth; to have the habit of so doing; as, does the dog bite ?2. To cause a smarting sensation; to have a property which causes such a sensation; to be pungent; as, it bites like pepper or mustard.3. To cause sharp pain; to produce anguish; to hurt or injure; to have the property of so doing.At the last it [wine] biteth like serpent, and stingeth like an adder.Prov. xxiii. 32.4. To take a bait into the mouth, as a fish does; hence, to take a tempting offer.5. To take or keep a firm hold; as, the anchor bites.Bite, n. [OE. bite, bit, bitt, AS. bite bite, fr. bÆtan to bite, akin to Icel. bit, OS. biti, G. biss. See Bite, v., and cf. Bit.] 1. The act of seizing with the teeth or mouth; the act of wounding or separating with the teeth or mouth; a seizure with the teeth or mouth, as of a bait; as, to give anything a hard bite.I have known a very good fisher angle diligently four or six hours for a river carp, and not have a bite.Walton.2. The act of puncturing or abrading with an organ for taking food, as is done by some insects.3. The wound made by biting; as, the pain of a dog's or snake's bite; the bite of a mosquito.4. A morsel; as much as is taken at once by biting.5. The hold which the short end of a lever has upon the thing to be lifted, or the hold which one part of a machine has upon another.6. A cheat; a trick; a fraud. [Colloq.]The baser methods of getting money by fraud and bite, by deceiving and overreaching.Humorist.7. A sharper; one who cheats. [Slang]Johnson.8. (Print.) A blank on the edge or corner of a page, owing to a portion of the frisket, or something else, intervening between the type and paper.Bit¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, bites; that which bites often, or is inclined to bite, as a dog or fish. ½Great barkers are no biters.¸Camden.2. One who cheats; a sharper. [Colloq.]Spectator.BiÏter¶nate (?), a. [Pref. biÏ + ternate.] (Bot.)Doubly ternate, as when a petiole has three ternate leaflets. Ð BiÏter¶nateÏly, adv.Gray.Bi¶theÏism (?), n. [Pref. biÏ + theism.] Belief in the existence of two gods; dualism.Bit¶ing (?), a. That bites; sharp; cutting; sarcastic; caustic. ½A biting affliction.¸ ½A biting jest.¸Shak.Bit¶ing in¶ (?). (Etching.) The process of corroding or eating into metallic plates, by means of an acid. See Etch.G. Francis.Bit¶ingÏly, adv. In a biting manner.Bit¶less (?), a. Not having a bit or bridle.Bit¶stock· (?), n. A stock or handle for holding and rotating a bit; a brace.Bitt (?), n. (Naut.) See Bitts.Bitt (?), v. t. [See Bitts.] (Naut.) To put round the bitts; as, to bitt the cable, in order to fasten it or to slacken it gradually, which is called veering away.Totten.Bit¶taÏcle (?), n. A binnacle. [Obs.]Bit¶ten (?), p. p. of Bite.Bit¶ten (?), a. (Bot.) Terminating abruptly, as if bitten off; premorse.Bit¶ter (?), n. [See Bitts.] (Naut.) AA turn of the cable which is round the bitts.Bitter end, that part of a cable which is abaft the bitts, and so within board, when the ship rides at anchor.Bit¶ter (?), a. [AS. biter; akin to Goth. baitrs, Icel. bitr, Dan., Sw., D., & G. bitter, OS. bittar, fr. root of E. bite. See Bite, v. t.] 1. Having a peculiar, acrid, biting taste, like that of wormwood or an infusion of hops; as, a bitter medicine; bitter as aloes.2. Causing pain or smart; piercing; painful; sharp; severe; as, a bitter cold day.3. Causing, or fitted to cause, pain or distress to the mind; calamitous; poignant.It is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the Lord thy God.Jer. ii. 19.4. Characterized by sharpness, severity, or cruelty; harsh; stern; virulent; as, bitter reproach.Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.Col. iii. 19.5. Mournful; sad; distressing; painful; pitiable.The Egyptians … made their lives bitter with hard bondage.Ex. i. 14.Bitter apple, Bitter cucumber, Bitter gourd. (Bot.) See Colocynth. Ð Bitter cress (Bot.), a plant of the genus Cardamine, esp. C. amara. Ð Bitter earth (Min.), tale earth; calcined magnesia. Ð Bitter principles (Chem.), a class of substances, extracted from vegetable products, having strong bitter taste but with no sharply defined chemical characteristics. Ð Bitter salt, Epsom salts;; magnesium sulphate. Ð Bitter vetch (Bot.), a name given to two European leguminous herbs, Vicia Orobus and Ervum Ervilia. Ð To the bitter end, to the last extremity, however calamitous.Syn. Ð Acrid; sharp; harsh; pungent; stinging; cutting; severe; acrimonious.Bit¶ter (?), n. Any substance that is bitter. See Bitters.Bit¶ter, v. t. To make bitter.Wolcott.Bit¶terÏbump· (?), n. (Zo”l.) the butterbump or bittern.Bit¶terÏful (?), a. Full of bitterness. [Obs.]Bit¶terÏing, n. A bitter compound used in adulterating beer; bittern.Bit¶terÏish, a. Somewhat bitter.Goldsmith.Bit¶terÏling (?), n. [G.] (Zo”l.) A roachlike European fish (Rhodima amarus).Bit¶terÏly, adv. In a bitter manner.Bit¶tern (?), n. [OE. bitoure, betore, bitter, fr. F. butor; of unknown origin.] (Zo”l.) A wading bird of the genus Botaurus, allied to the herons, of various species.µ The common European bittern is Botaurus stellaris. It makes, during the brooding season, a noise called by Dryden bumping, and by Goldsmith booming. The American bittern is B. lentiginosus, and is also called stakeÏdriver and meadow hen. See StakeÏdriver.The name is applied to other related birds, as the least bittern (Ardetta exilis), and the sun bittern.Bit¶tern, n. [From Bitter, a.] 1. The brine which remains in salt works after the salt is concreted, having a bitter taste from the chloride of magnesium which it contains.2. A very bitter compound of quassia, cocculus Indicus, etc., used by fraudulent brewers in adulterating beer.Cooley.Bit¶terÏness (?), n. [AS. biternys; biter better + Ïnys = Ïness.] 1. The quality or state of being bitter, sharp, or acrid, in either a literal or figurative sense; implacableness; resentfulness; severity; keenness of reproach or sarcasm; deep distress, grief, or vexation of mind.The lip that curls with bitterness.Percival.I will complain in the bitterness of my soul.Job vii. 11.2. A state of extreme impiety or enmity to God.Thou art in the gall of bitterness, and in the bond of iniquity.Acts viii. 23.3. Dangerous error, or schism, tending to draw persons to apostasy.Looking diligently, … lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you.Heb. xii. 15.Bit¶terÏnut¶, n. (Bot.) The swamp hickory (Carya amara). Its thinÏshelled nuts are bitter.Bit¶terÏroot· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Lewisia rediviva) allied to the purslane, but with fleshy, farinaceous roots, growing in the mountains of Idaho, Montana, etc. It gives the name to the Bitter Root mountains and river. The Indians call both the plant and the river Sp‘t'lum.Bit¶ters (?), n. pl. A liquor, generally spirituous in which a bitter herb, leaf, or root is steeped.Bit¶ter spar¶ (?). A common name of dolomite Ð so called because it contains magnesia, the soluble salts of which are bitter. See Dolomite.Bit¶terÏsweet· (?), a. Sweet and then bitter or bitter and then sweet; esp. sweet with a bitter after taste; hence (Fig.), pleasant but painful.Bit¶terÏsweet·, n. 1. Anything which is bittersweet.2. A kind of apple so called.Gower.3. (Bot.) (a) A climbing shrub, with oval coralÏred berries (Solanum dulcamara); woody nightshade. The whole plant is poisonous, and has a taste at first sweetish and then bitter. The branches are the officinal dulcamara. (b) An American woody climber (Celastrus scandens), whose yellow capsules open late in autumn, and disclose the red aril which covers the seeds; Ð also called Roxbury waxwork.Bit¶terÏweed· (?), n. (Bot.) A species of Ambrosia (A. artemisi‘folia); Roman worm wood.Gray.Bit¶terÏwood· (?), n. A West Indian tree (Picr‘na excelsa) from the wood of which the bitter drug Jamaica quassia is obtained.Bit¶terÏwort· (?), n. (Bot.) The yellow gentian (Gentiana lutea), which has a very bitter taste.Bit¶tock (?), n. [See Bit a morsel.] A small bit of anything, of indefinite size or quantity; a short distance. [Scot.]Sir W. Scott.Bit¶tor Bit¶tour } (?), n. [See Bittern] (Zo”l.) The bittern.Dryden.Bitts (?), n. pl. [Cf. F. bitte, Icel. biti, a beam. ?87.] (Naut.) A frame of two strong timbers fixed perpendicularly in the fore part of a ship, on which to fasten the cables as the ship rides at anchor, or in warping. Other bitts are used for belaying (belaying bitts), for sustaining the windlass (carrick bitts, winch bitts, or windlass bitts), to hold the pawls of the windlass (pawl bitts) etc.BiÏtume¶ (?), n. [F. See Bitumen.] Bitumen. [Poetic]May.BiÏtumed¶ (?), a. Smeared with bitumen. [R.] ½The hatches caulked and bitumed.¸Shak.BiÏtu¶men (?), n. [L. bitumen: cf. F. bitume. Cf. B‚ton.] 1. Mineral pitch; a black, tarry substance, burning with a bright flame; Jew's pitch. ?