HURTLEHur"tle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hurtled; p. pr. & vb. n. Hurtling.]Etym: [OE. hurtlen, freq. of hurten. See Hurt, v. t., and cf. Hurl.]
1. To meet with violence or shock; to clash; to jostle. Together hurtled both their steeds. Fairfax.
2. To move rapidly; to wheel or rush suddenly or with violence; to whirl round rapidly; to skirmish. Now hurtling round, advantage for to take. Spenser. Down the hurtling cataract of the ages. R. L. Stevenson.
3. To make a threatening sound, like the clash of arms; to make a sound as of confused clashing or confusion; to resound. The noise of battle hurtled in the air. Shak. The earthquake sound Hurtling 'death the solid ground. Mrs. Browning.
HURTLEHur"tle, v. t.
1. To move with violence or impetuosity; to whirl; to brandish. [Obs.] His harmful club he gan to hurtle high. Spenser.
2. To push; to jostle; to hurl. And he hurtleth with his horse adown. Chaucer.
HURTLEBERRYHur"tle*ber`ry, n. Etym: [Cf. Huckleberry, Whortleberry.]
Defn: See Whortleberry.
HURTLESSHurt"less, a.
Defn: Doing no injury; harmless; also, unhurt; without injury orharm.Gentle dame so hurtless and so true. Spenser.— Hurt"less*ly, adv.— Hurt"less*ness, n.
HUSBAND Hus"band, n. Etym: [OE. hosebonde, husbonde, a husband, the master of the house or family, AS. h master of the house; h house + bunda, bonda, householder, husband; prob. fr. Icel. h house master, husband; h house + b dwelling, inhabiting, p.pr. of b to dwell; akin to AS. b, Goth. bauan. See House Be, and cf. Bond a slave, Boor.]
1. The male head of a household; one who orders the economy of a family. [Obs.]
2. A cultivator; a tiller; a husbandman. [Obs.] Shak. The painful husband, plowing up his ground. Hakewill. He is the neatest husband for curious ordering his domestic and field accommodations. Evelyn.
3. One who manages or directs with prudence and economy; a frugal person; an economist. [R.] God knows how little time is left me, and may I be a good husband, to improve the short remnant left me. Fuller.
4. A married man; a man who has a wife; — the correlative to wife. The husband and wife are one person in law. Blackstone.
5. The male of a pair of animals. [R.] Dryden. A ship's husband (Naut.), an agent representing the owners of a ship, who manages its expenses and receipts.
HUSBANDHus"band, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Husbanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Husbanding.]
1. To direct and manage with frugality; to use or employ to good purpose and the best advantage; to spend, apply, or use, with economy. For my means, I'll husband them so well, They shall go far. Shak.
2. To cultivate, as land; to till. [R.] Land so trim and rarely husbanded. Evelyn.
3. To furnish with a husband. [R.] Shak.
HUSBANDABLEHus"band*a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being husbanded, or managed with economy. Sherwood.
HUSBANDAGEHus"band*age, n. (Naut.)
Defn: The commission or compensation allowed to a ship's husband.
HUSBANDLESSHus"band*less, a.
Defn: Destitute of a husband. Shak.
HUSBANDLYHus"band*ly, a.
Defn: Frugal; thrifty. [R.] Tusser.
HUSBANDMANHus"band*man, n.; pl. Husbandmen (.
1. The master of a family. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. A farmer; a cultivator or tiller of the ground.
HUSBANDRYHus"band*ry, n.
1. Care of domestic affairs; economy; domestic management; thrift. There's husbandry in heaven; Their candles are all out. Shak.
2. The business of a husbandman, comprehending the various branches of agriculture; farming. Husbandry supplieth all things necessary for food. Spenser.
HUSHHush, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hushed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hushing.] Etym:[OE. huschen, hussen, prob. of imitative origin; cf. LG. hussen tolull to sleep, G. husch quick, make haste, be silent.]
1. To still; to silence; to calm; to make quiet; to repress the noise or clamor of. My tongue shall hush again this storm of war. Shak.
2. To appease; to allay; to calm; to soothe. With thou, then, Hush my cares Otway. And hush'd my deepest grief of all. Tennyson. To hush up, to procure silence concerning; to suppress; to keep secret. "This matter is hushed up." Pope.
HUSHHush, v. i.
Defn: To become or to keep still or quiet; to become silent; — esp.used in the imperative, as an exclamation; be still; be silent orquiet; make no noise.Hush, idle words, and thoughts of ill. Keble.But all these strangers' presence every one did hush. Spenser.
HUSHHush, n.
Defn: Stillness; silence; quiet. [R.] "It is the hush of night." Byron. Hush money, money paid to secure silence, or to prevent the disclosure of facts. Swift.
HUSHHush, a.
Defn: Silent; quiet. "Hush as death." Shak.
HUSHERHush"er, n.
Defn: An usher. [Obs.] Spenser.
HUSHINGHush"ing, n. (Mining)
Defn: The process of washing ore, or of uncovering mineral veins, by a heavy discharge of water from a reservoir; flushing; — also called booming.
HUSK Husk, n. Etym: [Prob. for hulsk, and from the same root as hull a husk. See Hull a husk.]
1. The external covering or envelope of certain fruits or seeds; glume; hull; rind; in the United States, especially applied to the covering of the ears of maize.
2. The supporting frame of a run of millstones. Husks of the prodigal son (Bot.), the pods of the carob tree. See Carob.
HUSKHusk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Husked; p. pr. & vb. n. Husking.]
Defn: To strip off the external covering or envelope of; as, to huskIndian corn.
HUSKEDHusked, a.
1. Covered with a husk.
2. Stripped of husks; deprived of husks.
HUSKILYHus"ki*ly, adv. Etym: [From Husky.]
Defn: In a husky manner; dryly.
HUSKINESSHus"ki*ness, n.
1. The state of being husky.
2. Roughness of sound; harshness; hoarseness; as, huskiness of voice. G. Eliot.
HUSKINGHusk"ing, n.
1. The act or process of stripping off husks, as from Indian corn.
2. A meeting of neighbors or friends to assist in husking maize; — called also husking bee. [U.S.] "A red ear in the husking." Longfellow.
HUSKYHusk"y, a. Etym: [From Husk, n.]
Defn: Abounding with husks; consisting of husks. Dryden.
HUSKY Hus"ky, a. Etym: [Prob. for husty; cf. OE. host cough, AS. hwosta; akin to D. hoest, G. husten, OHG. huosto, Icel. hosti. See Wheeze.]
Defn: Rough in tone; harsh; hoarse; raucous; as, a husky voice.
HUSO Hu"so, n. Etym: [NL., fr. G. hausen, and E. isin (Zoöl.) (a) A large European sturgeon (Acipenser huso), inhabiting the region of the Black and Caspian Seas. It sometimes attains a length of more than twelve feet, and a weight of two thousand pounds. Called also hausen. (b) The huchen, a large salmon.
HUSSAR Hus*sar", n. Etym: [Hung. huszár, from husz twenty, because under King Matthais I., in the fifteenth century, every twenty houses were to furnish one horse soldier; cf. G. husar, F. houssard, hussard, from the same source.] (Mil.)
Defn: Originally, one of the national cavalry of Hungary and Croatia; now, one of the light cavalry of European armies.
HUSSITEHuss"ite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: A follower of John Huss, the Bohemian reformer, who was adjudged a heretic and burnt alive in 1415.
HUSSYHus"sy, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. huswife.]
1. A housewife or housekeeper. [Obs.]
2. A worthless woman or girl; a forward wench; a jade; — used as a term of contempt or reproach. Grew.
3. A pert girl; a frolicsome or sportive young woman; — used jocosely. Goldsmith.
HUSSY Hus"sy, n. Etym: [From Icel. h a case, prob. fr. h house. See House, and cf. Housewife a bag, Huswife a bag.]
Defn: A case or bag. See Housewife, 2.
HUSTINGSHus"tings, n. pl. Etym: [OE. husting an assembly, coucil, AS. h; ofScand. origin; cf. Icel. h; h home + thing, assembly, meeting; akinto Dan. & Sw. ting, E. thing. See House, and Thing.]
1. A court formerly held in several cities of England; specif., a court held in London, before the lord mayor, recorder, and sheriffs, to determine certain classes of suits for the recovery of lands within the city. In the progress of law reform this court has become unimportant. Mozley & W.
2. Any one of the temporary courts held for the election of members of the British Parliament.
3. The platform on which candidates for Parliament formerly stood in addressing the electors. [Eng.] When the rotten hustings shake In another month to his brazen lies. Tennyson.
HUSTLEHus"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hustled; p. pr. & vb. n. Hustling.]Etym: [D. hustelen to shake, fr. husten to shake. Cf. Hotchpotch.]
Defn: To shake together in confusion; to push, jostle, or crowd rudely; to handle roughly; as, to hustle a person out of a room. Macaulay.
HUSTLEHus"tle, v. i.
Defn: To push or crows; to force one's way; to move hustily and withconfusion; a hurry.Leaving the king, who had hustled along the floor with his dressworfully arrayed. Sir W. Scott.
HUSWIFE Hus"wife, n. Etym: [OE. huswif; hus house + wif wife. Cf. Hussy a housewife, Housewife.] [Written also housewife.]
1. A female housekeeper; a woman who manages domestic affairs; a thirfty woman. "The bounteous huswife Nature." Shak. The huswife is she that do labor doth fall. Tusser.
2. A worthless woman; a hussy. [Obs.] Shak.
3. Etym: [See Hussy a bag.]
Defn: A case for sewing materials. See Housewife. Cowper.
HUSWIFEHus"wife, v. t.
Defn: To manage with frugality; — said of a woman. Dryden.
HUSWIFELYHus"wife*ly, a.
Defn: Like a huswife; capable; economical; prudent.— adv.
Defn: In a huswifely manner.
HUSWIFERYHus"wife*ry, n.
Defn: The business of a housewife; female domestic economy and skill.Tusser.
HUT Hut, n. Etym: [OE. hotte; akin to D. hut, G. hütte, OHG. hutta, Dan. hytte, Sw. hydda; and F. hutte, of G. origin; all akin to E. hide to conceal. See Hude to conceal.]
Defn: A small house, hivel, or cabin; a mean lodge or dwelling; a slightly built or temporary structure. Death comes on with equal footsteps To the hall and hut. Bp. Coxe.
HUTCHHutch, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Hutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Hutting.]
Defn: To place in huts; to live in huts; as, to hut troops in winterquarters.The troops hutted among the heights of Morristown. W. Irving.
HUTCHHutch, n. Etym: [OE. hucche, huche, hoche, F. huche, LL. hutica.]
1. A chest, box, coffer, bin, coop, or the like, in which things may be stored, or animals kept; as, a grain hutch; a rabbit hutch.
2. A measure of two Winchester bushels.
3. (Mining)
Defn: The case of a flour bolt.
4. (Mining) (a) A car on low wheels, in which coal is drawn in the mine and hoisted out of the pit. (b) A jig for washing ore. Bolting hutch, Booby hutch, etc. See under Bolting, etc.
HUTCHHutch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hutched; p. pr. & vb. n. Hutching.]
1. To hoard or lay up, in a chest. [R.] "She hutched the . . . ore." Milton.
2. (Mining)
Defn: To wash (ore) in a box or jig.
HUTCHUNSONIANHutch`un*so"ni*an, n.
Defn: A follower of John Hutchinson of Yorkshire, England, who believed that the Hebrew Scriptures contained a complete system of natural science and of theology.
HUTTONIANHut*to"ni*an, a.
Defn: Relating to what is now called the Plutonic theory of the earth, first advanced by Dr. James Hutton. Lyell.
HUTTONINGHut"ton*ing, n. [So named after two English bonesetters, Richard andRobert Hutton, who made it a part of their method.] (Med.)
Defn: Forcible manipulation of a dislocated, stiff, or painful joint.
HUXTERHux"ter, n. & v. i.
Defn: See Huckster.
HUYGHENIANHuy*ghe"ni*an, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or invented by, Christian Huyghens, a Dutch astronomer of the seventeenth century; as, the Huyghenian telescope. Huyghenian eyepieceSee under Eyepiece.
HUZZHuzz, v. i. Etym: [An onomatopoea. sq. root43. Cf. Buzz.]
Defn: To buzz; to murmur. [Obs.]Huzzing and burring in the preacher's ear. Latimer.
HUZZA Huz*za", interj. Etym: [Cf. G. hussa, husa, interj., hurrah, huzza. sq. root43. Cf. Hurrah.]
Defn: A word used as a shout of joy, exultation, approbation, or encouragement.
HUZZAHuz"za, n.
Defn: A shout of huzza; a cheer; a hurrah.They made a great huzza or shout. Evelyn.
HUZZAHuz*za", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Huzzaed; p. pr. & vb. n. Huzzaing.]
Defn: To shout huzza; to cheer.
HUZZAHuz*za", v. t.
Defn: To receive or attend with huzzas.He was huzzaed into the court. Addison.
HYHy, a.
Defn: High. [Obs.] Chaucer.
HYACINEHy"a*cine, n.
Defn: A hyacinth. [Obs.] Spenser.
HYACINTH Hy"a*cinth, n. Etym: [L. hyacinthus a kind of flower, prob. the iris, gladiolus, or larkspur, also a kind of gem, perh. the sapphire; as, a proper name, Hyacinthus, a beautiful Laconian youth, beloved by Apollo, fr. Gr. hyacinthe. Cf. Jacinth. The hyacinth was fabled to have sprung from the blood of Hyacinthus, who was accidentally slain by Apollo.]
1. (Bot.) (a) A bulbous plant of the genus Hyacinthus, bearing beautiful spikes of fragrant flowers. H. orientalis is a common variety. (b) A plant of the genus Camassia (C. Farseri), called also Eastern camass; wild hyacinth. (c) The name also given to Scilla Peruviana, a Mediterranean plant, one variety of which produces white, and another blue, flowers; — called also, from a mistake as to its origin, Hyacinth of Peru.
2. (Min.)
Defn: A red variety of zircon, sometimes used as a gem. See Zircon. Hyacinth bean (Bot.), a climbing leguminous plant (Dolichos Lablab), related to the true bean. It has dark purple flowers and fruit.
HYACINTHIANHy`a*cin"thi*an, a.
Defn: Hyacinthine. [R.]
HYACINTHINEHy`a*cin"thine, a. Etym: [L. hyacinthinus, Gr.
Defn: Belonging to the hyacinth; resemblingthe hyacinth; in colorlike the hyacinth. Milton.His curling locks like hyacinthine flowers. Cowper.The hyacinthine boy, for whom Morn well might break and April bloom.Emerson.
HYADES; HYADSHy"a*des, Hy"ads, n.pl. Etym: [L. Hyades, Gr. (Astron.)
Defn: A cluster of five stars in the face of the constellationTaurus, supposed by the ancients to indicate the coming of rainyweather when they rose with the sun.Thro' scudding drifts the rainy Hyaned Vext the dim sea. Tennyson.
HYAENAHy*æ"na, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Hyena.
HYALEAHy*a"le*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A pteroid of the genus Cavolina. See Pteropoda, andIllustration in Appendix.
HYALESCENCEHy`a*les"cence, n. Etym: [See Hyaline.]
Defn: The process of becoming, or the state of being, transparent like glass.
HYALINEHy"a*line, a. Etym: [L. hyalinus, Gr. hyalin.]
Defn: Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent, like crystal. "Hyaline spaces." Carpenter.
HYALINEHy"a*line, n.
1. A poetic term for the sea or the atmosphere. "The clear hyaline, the glassy sea." Milton. Our blood runs amazed 'neath the calm hyaline. Mrs. Browning.
2. (Biol.)
Defn: The pellucid substance, present in cells in process of development, from which, according to some embryologists, the cell nucleous originates.
3. (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: The main constituent of the walls of hydatid cysts; a nitrogenous body, which, by decomposition, yields a dextrogyrate sugar, susceptible of alcoholic fermentation. Gamgee.
HYALITEHy"a*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. hyalite.] (Min.)
Defn: A pellucid variety of opal in globules looking like colorless gum or resin; — called also Müller's glass.
HYALOGRAPHHy*al"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. graph.]
Defn: An instrument for tracing designs on glass.
HYALOGRAPHYHy`a*log"ra*phy, n.
Defn: Art of writing or engraving on glass.
HYALOIDHy"a*loid, a. Etym: [Gr. hyaloïde.] (Anat.)
Defn: Resembling glass; vitriform; transparent; hyaline; as, the hyaloid membrane, a very delicate membrane inclosing the vitreous humor of the eye.
HYALONEMAHy`a*lo*ne"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of hexactinelline sponges, having a long stem composed of very long, slender, transparent, siliceous fibres twisted together like the strands of a color. The stem of the Japanese species (H. Sieboldii), called glass-rope, has long been in use as an ornament. See Glass-rope.
HYALOPHANEHy*al"o*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)
Defn: A species of the feldspar group containing barium. SeeFeldspar.
HYALOSPONGIAHy`a*lo*spon"gi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of vitreous sponges, having glassy six-rayed, siliceous spicules; — called also Hexactinellinæ.
HYALOTYPEHy*al"o*type, n. Etym: [Gr. -type.]
Defn: A photographic picture copied from the negative on glass; a photographic transparency. R. Hunt.
HYBERNACLE; HYBERNATE; HYBERNATIONHy*ber"na*cle, Hy"ber*nate, Hy`ber*na"tion.
Defn: See Hibernacle, Hibernate, Hibernation.
HYBLAEANHy*blæ"an, a. Etym: [L. Hyblaeus.]
Defn: Pertaining to Hybla, an ancient town of Sicily, famous for its bees.
HYBODONTHyb"o*dont, a. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an extinct genus of sharks (Hybodus), especially in the form of the teeth, which consist of a principal median cone with smaller lateral ones.
HYBODUSHyb"o*dus, n. Etym: [NL. See Hybodont.] (Paleon.)
Defn: An extinct genus of sharks having conical, compressed teeth.
HYBRIDHy"brid, n. Etym: [L. hybrida, hibrida, prob. allied to Gr. over: cf.F. hybride.] (Biol.)
Defn: The offspring of the union of two distinct species; an animal or plant produced from the mixture of two species. See Mongrel.
HYBRIDHy"brid, a.
Defn: Produced from the mixture of two species; as, plants of hybrid nature.
HYBRIDISMHy"brid*ism, n.
Defn: The state or quality of being hybrid.
HYBRIDISTHy"brid*ist, n.
Defn: One who hybridizes.
HYBRIDITYHy*brid"i*ty, n.
Defn: Hybridism.
HYBRIDIZABLEHy"brid*i`za*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of forming a hybrid, or of being subjected to a hybridizing process; capable of producing a hybrid by union with another species or stock. Hybridizable genera are rarer than is generally supposed, even in gardens where they are so often operated upon, under circumstances most favorable to the production of hybrids. J. D. Hooker.
HYBRIDIZATIONHy`brid*i*za"tion, n.
Defn: The act of hybridizing, or the state of being hybridized.
HYBRIDIZEHy"brid*i`ze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hybridized; p. pr. & vb. n.Hybridizing.]
Defn: To render hybrid; to produce by mixture of stocks.
HYBRIDIZERHy"brid*i`zer, n.
Defn: One who hybridizes.
HYBRIDOUSHy"brid*ous, a.
Defn: Same as Hybrid.
HYDAGEHyd"age, n. (Law)
Defn: A land tax. See Hidage.
HYDANTOICHy`dan*to"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, hydantoin. See Glycoluric.
HYDANTOINHy*dan"to*in, n. Etym: [Hydrogen + allantion.] (Chem.)
Defn: A derivative of urea, C3H4N2O2, obtained from allantion, as a white, crystalline substance, with a sweetish taste; — called also glycolyl urea.
HYDATIDHy"da*tid, n. Etym: [Gr. "y`dwr, "y`datos, water: cf. F. hydatide.](Zoöl.)
Defn: A membranous sac or bladder filled with a pellucid fluid, found in various parts of the bodies of animals, but unconnected with the tissues. It is usually formed by parasitic worms, esp. by larval tapeworms, as Echinococcus and Coenurus. See these words in the Vocabulary. Hydatid of Morgagni (Anat.), one of the small pedunculated bodies found between the testicle and the head of the epididymis, and supposed to be a remnant of the Müllerian duct.
HYDATIFORMHy*dat"i*form, a. Etym: [Hydatid + -form.]
Defn: Resembling a hydatid.
HYDATOIDHy"da*toid, a. Etym: [Gr. "y`dwr, "y`datos, water + -oid.] (Anat.)
Defn: Resembling water; watery; aqueous; hyaloid.
HYDR-Hy"dr-
Defn: . See under Hydro-.
HYDRA Hy"dra, n.; pl. E. Hydras, L. Hydræ. Etym: [L. hydra, Gr. "y`dra; akin to "y`dwr water. See Otter the animal, Water.]
1. (Class. Myth.)
Defn: A serpent or monster in the lake or marsh of Lerna, in the Peloponnesus, represented as having many heads, one of which, when cut off, was immediately succeeded by two others, unless the wound was cauterized. It was slain by Hercules. Hence, a terrible monster. Gorgons, and Hydras, and Chimeras dire. Milton.
2. Hence: A multifarious evil, or an evil having many sources; not to be overcome by a single effort.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any small fresh-water hydroid of the genus Hydra, usually found attached to sticks, stones, etc., by a basal sucker.
Note: The body is a simple tube, having a mouth at one extremity, surrounded by a circle of tentacles with which it captures its prey. Young hydras bud out from the sides of the older ones, but soon become detached and are then like their parent. Hydras are remarkable for their power of repairing injuries; for if the body be divided in pieces, each piece will grow into a complete hydra, to which fact the name alludes. The zooids or hydranths of marine hydroids are sometimes called hydras.
4. (Astron.)
Defn: A southern constellation of great length lying southerly fromCancer, Leo, and Virgo.
HYDRACHNIDHy*drach"nid, n. Etym: [Hydr- + arachnid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An aquatic mite of the genus Hydrachna. The hydrachids, while young, are parasitic on fresh-water mussels.
HYDRACIDHy*drac"id, n. Etym: [Hydr- + acid: cf. F. hydracide.] (Chem.)
Defn: An acid containing hydrogen; — sometimes applied to distinguish acids like hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and the like, which contain no oxygen, from the oxygen acids or oxacids. See Acid.
HYDRACRYLICHy`dra*cryl"ic, a. Etym: [Hydr- + acrylic.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an isomeric variety of lastic acid that breaks down into acrylic acid and water.
HYDRACTINIANHy`drac*tin"i*an, n. Etym: [See Hydra, and Actinia.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species or marine hydroids, of the genus Hydractinia and allied genera. These hydroids form, by their rootstalks, a firm, chitinous coating on shells and stones, and esp. on spiral shells occupied by hermit crabs. See Illust. of Athecata.
HYDRAEMIAHy*dræ"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + (Med.)
Defn: An abnormally watery state of the blood; anæmia.
HYDRAGOGUE Hy"dra*gogue, a. Etym: [L. hydragogus conveying off water, Gr. "y`dwr water + hydragogue.] (Med.)
Defn: Causing a discharge of water; expelling serum effused into any part of the body, as in dropsy. — n.
Defn: A hydragogue medicine, usually a cathartic or diuretic.
HYDRAMIDEHy*dram"ide, n. Etym: [Hydr- + -amide.] (Chem.)
Defn: One of a group of crystalline bodies produced by the action of ammonia on certain aldehydes.
HYDRAMINEHy*dram"ine, n. Etym: [Hydroxyl + amine.] (Chem.)
Defn: One of a series of artificial, organic bases, usually produced as thick viscous liquids by the action of ammonia on ethylene oxide. They have the properties both of alcohol and amines.
HYDRANGEAHy*dran"ge*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + hydrangée.](Bot.)
Defn: A genus of shrubby plants bearing opposite leaves and large heads of showy flowers, white, or of various colors. H. hortensis, the common garden species, is a native of China or Japan.
HYDRANTHy"drant, n. Etym: [Gr. "y`dwr water. See Hydra.]
Defn: A discharge pipe with a valve and spout at which water may be drawn from the mains of waterworks; a water plug.
HYDRANTHHy"dranth, n. Etym: [Hydra + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the nutritive zooids of a hydroid colony. Also applied to the proboscis or manubrium of a hydroid medusa. See Illust. of Hydroidea.
HYDRARGOCHLORIDEHy*drar"go*chlo"ride, n. Etym: [Hydrargyrum + chloride.] (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of the bichloride of mercury with another chloride.[Obs.]
HYDRARGYRATEHy*drar"gy*rate, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to mercury; containing, or impregnated with, mercury. [R.]
HYDRARGYRISMHy*drar"gy*rism, n. (Med.)
Defn: A diseased condition produced by poisoning with hydrargyrum, or mercury; mercurialism.
HYDRARGYRUMHy*drar"gy*rum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. hydrargyrus, Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: Quicksilver; mercury.
HYDRARTHROSISHy`drar*thro"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Hydro-, 1, and Arthrosis.] (Med.)
Defn: An effusion of watery liquid into the cavity of a joint.
HYDRASTINEHy*dras"tine, n. (Chem.)
Defn: An alkaloid, found in the rootstock of the golden seal (Hydrastis Canadensis), and extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance. It is used as a tonic and febrifuge.
HYDRA-TAINTEDHy"dra-taint`ed, a.
Defn: Dipped in the gall of the fabulous hydra; poisonous; deadly.Cowper.
HYDRATE Hy"drate, n. Etym: [Gr. "y`dwr water: cf. F. hydrate.] (Chem.) (a) A compound formed by the union of water with some other substance, generally forming a neutral body, as certain crystallized salts. (b) A substance which does not contain water as such, but has its constituents (hydrogen, oxygen, hydroxyl) so arranged that water may be eliminated; hence, a derivative of, or compound with, hydroxyl; hydroxide; as, ethyl hydrate, or common alcohol; calcium hydrate, or slaked lime.
HYDRATEHy"drate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hydrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Hydrating.]
Defn: To form into a hydrate; to combine with water.
HYDRATEDHy"dra*ted, a.
Defn: Formed into a hydrate; combined with water.
HYDRATIONHy*dra"tion, n. (Chem.)
Defn: The act of becoming, or state of being, a hydrate. Water of hydration (Chem.), water chemically combined with some substance to form a hydrate; — distinguished from water of crystallization.
HYDRAULIC Hy*drau"lic, a. Etym: [F. hydraulique, L. hydraulicus, fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + Hydra.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydraulics, or to fluids in motion; conveying, or acting by, water; as, an hydraulic clock, crane, or dock. Hydraulic accumulator, an accumulator for hydraulic machinery of any kind. See Accumulator, 2. — Hydraulic brake, a cataract. See Cataract, 3. — Hydraulic cement, a cement or mortar made of hydraulic lime, which will harden under water. — Hydraulic elevator, a lift operated by the weight or pressure of water. — Hydraulic jack. See under Jack. — Hydraulic lime, quicklime obtained from hydraulic limestone, and used for cementing under water, etc. — Hydraulic limestone, a limestone which contains some clay, and which yields a quicklime that will set, or form a firm, strong mass, under water. — Hydraulic main (Gas Works), a horizontal pipe containing water at the bottom into which the ends of the pipes from the retorts dip, for passing the gas through water in order to remove ammonia. — Hydraulic mining, a system of mining in which the force of a jet of water is used to wash down a bank of gold-bearing gravel or earth. [Pacific Coast] — Hydraulic press, a hydrostatic press. See under Hydrostatic. — Hydraulic propeller, a device for propelling ships by means of a stream of water ejected under water rearward from the ship. — Hydraulic ram, a machine for raising water by means of the energy of the moving water of which a portion is to be raised. When the rush of water through the main pipe d shuts the valve at a, the momentum of the current thus suddenly checked forces part of it into the air chamber b, and up the pipe c, its return being prevented by a valve at the entrance to the air chamber, while the dropping of the valve a by its own weight allows another rush through the main pipe, and so on alternately. — Hydraulic valve. (Mach.) (a) A valve for regulating the distribution of water in the cylinders of hydraulic elevators, cranes, etc. (b) (Gas Works) An inverted cup with a partition dipping into water, for opening or closing communication between two gas mains, the open ends of which protrude about the water.
HYDRAULICALHy*drau"lic*al, a.
Defn: Hydraulic.
HYDRAULICONHy*drau"li*con, n. Etym: [NL. See Hydraulic.] (Mus.)
Defn: An ancient musical instrument played by the action of water; a water organ. [Written also hydraulis.]
HYDRAULICSHy*drau"lics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hydraulique.]
Defn: That branch of science, or of engineering, which treats of fluids in motion, especially of water, its action in rivers and canals, the works and machinery for conducting or raising it, its use as a prime mover, and the like.
Note: As a science, hydraulics includes hydrodynamics, or the principles of mechanics applicable to the motion of water; as a branch of engineering, it consists in the practical application of the mechanics of fluids to the control and management of water with reference to the wants of man, including canals, waterworks, hydraulic machines, pumps, water wheels, etc. Some writers treat hydraulics and hydrostatics as subdivisions of hydrodynamics.
HYDRAZINEHy"dra*zine, n. Etym: [Hydr- + azo- + -ine.] (Chem.)
Defn: Any one of a series of nitrogenous bases, resembling the amines and produced by the reduction of certain nitroso and diazo compounds; as, methyl hydrazine, phenyl hydrazine, etc. They are derivatives of hydrazine proper, H2N.NH2, which is a doubled amido group, recently (1887) isolated as a stable, colorless gas, with a peculiar, irritating odor. As a base it forms distinct salts. Called also diamide, amidogen, (or more properly diamidogen), etc.
HYDRENCEPHSLOIDHy"dren*ceph"s*loid, a. Etym: [Hydrencephalus + -oid.] (Med.)
Defn: Same as Hydrocephaloid.
HYDRIAHy"dri*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)
Defn: A water jar; esp., one with a large rounded body, a small neck, and three handles. Some of the most beautiful Greek vases are of this form.
HYDRIADHy"dri*ad, n. Etym: [Gr. "y`dwr water.] (Myth.)
Defn: A water nymph.
HYDRICHy"dric, a. Etym: [From Hydrogen.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen; as, hydric oxide.Hydric dioxide. (Chem.) See Hydrogen dioxide, under Hydrogen.— Hydric oxide (Chem.), water.— Hydric sulphate (Chem.), hydrogen sulphate or sulphuric acid.
HYDRIDEHy"dride, n. Etym: [Hydr- + ide.] (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of the binary type, in which hydrogen is united with some other element.
HYDRIFORMHy"dri*form, a. Etym: [Hydra + -form.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the form or structure of a hydra.
HYDRINAHy*dri"na, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hydra.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The group of hydroids to which the fresh-water hydras belong.
HYDRIODATEHy*dri"o*date, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hydriodate.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Hydriodide.
HYDRIODICHy`dri*od"ic, a. Etym: [Hydr- + iodic: cf. F. hydriodique.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, hydrogen and iodine; — said of an acid produced by the combination of these elements. Hydriodic acid (Chem.), a pungent, colorless gas, HI, usually prepared as a solution in water. It is strong reducing agent. Called also hydrogen iodine.
HYDRIODIDEHy*dri"o*dide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of hydriodic acid with a base; — distinguished from an iodide, in which only the iodine combines with the base.
HYDRO-; HYDR-Hy"dro-, Hy"dr-.
1. A combining form from Gr. Hydra).
2. (Chem.)
Defn: A combining form of hydrogen, indicating hydrogen as an ingredient, as hydrochloric; or a reduction product obtained by hydrogen, as hydroquinone.
HYDRO-AEROPLANEHy"dro-a"ër*o*plane`. (Aëronautics)
Defn: An aëroplane with a boatlike or other understructure that enables it to travel on, or to rise from the surface of, a body of water by its own motive power.
HYDROBAROMETERHy`dro*ba*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + barometer.]
Defn: An instrument for determining the depth of the sea water by its pressure.
HYDROBILIRUBINHy`dro*bil`i*ru"bin, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + bilirubin.] (Physiol.Chem.)
Defn: A body formed from bilirubin, identical with urobilin.
HYDROBIPLANEHy"dro*bi"plane, n.
Defn: A hydro-aëroplane having two supporting planes.
HYDROBRANCHIATAHy`dro*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water +(Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive artificial division of gastropod mollusks,including those that breathe by gills, as contrasted with thePulmonifera.— Hy`dro*bran"chi*ate, a.
HYDROBROMATEHy`dro*bro"mate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Same as Hydrobromide.
HYDROBROMICHy`dro*bro"mic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + bromic.] (Chem.)
Defn: Composed of hydrogen and bromine; as, hydrobromic acid. Hydrobromic acid (Chem.), a colorless, pungent, corrosive gas, HBr, usually collected as a solution in water. It resembles hydrochloric acid, but is weaker and less stable. Called also hydrogen bromide.
HYDROBROMIDEHy`dro*bro"mide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of hydrobromic acid with a base; — distinguished from a bromide, in which only the bromine unites with the base.
HYDROCARBONHy`dro*car"bon, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + carbon.] (Chem.)
Defn: A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon, as methane, benzene, etc.; also, by extension, any of their derivatives. Hydrocarbon burner, furnace, stove, a burner, furnace, or stove with which liquid fuel, as petroleum, is used.
HYDROCARBONACEOUSHy`dro*car`bo*na"ceous, a.
Defn: Of the nature, or containing, hydrocarbons.
HYDROCARBONATE Hy`dro*car"bon*ate, n. (a) (Old Chem.) A hydrocarbon. [Obs.] (b) (Chem.) A hydrous carbonate, as malachite.
HYDROCARBOSTYRILHy`dro*car`bo*sty"ril, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + carbostyril.] (Chem.)
Defn: A white, crystalline, nitrogenous hydrocarbon, C9H9NO, obtained from certain derivatives of cinnamic acid and closely related to quinoline and carbostyril.
HYDROCARBURETHy`dro*car"bu*ret, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + carburet.] (Chem.)
Defn: Carbureted hydrogen; also, a hydrocarbon. [Obs.]
HYDROCAULUSHy`dro*cau"lus, n.; pl. Hydrocauli. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water+ (Zoöl.)
Defn: The hollow stem of a hydroid, either simple or branched. SeeIllust. of Gymnoblastea and Hydroidea.
HYDROCELEHy`dro*cele, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + (Med.)
Defn: A collection of serous fluid in the areolar texture of the scrotum or in the coverings, especially in the serous sac, investing the testicle or the spermatic cord; dropsy of the testicle.
HYDROCEPHALICHy`dro*ce*phal"ic, a.
Defn: Relating to, or connected with, hydrocephalus, or dropsy of the brain.
HYDROCEPHALOIDHy`dro*ceph"a*loid, a. Etym: [Hydrocephalus + -oid.] (Med.)
Defn: Resembling hydrocephalus. Hydrocephaloid affection (Med.), the group of symptoms which follow exhausting diarrhea in young children, resembling those of acute hydrocephalus, or tubercular meningitis.
HYDROCEPHALOUSHy`dro*ceph"a*lous, a.
Defn: Having hydrocephalus. "Hydrocephalous offspring." G. Eliot.
HYDROCEPHALUSHy`dro*ceph"a*lus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "y`dwr water + (Med.)
Defn: An accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium, especially within the ventricles of the brain; dropsy of the brain. It is due usually to tubercular meningitis. When it occurs in infancy, it often enlarges the head enormously.
HYDROCHLORATEHy`dro*chlo"rate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Same as Hydrochloride.
HYDROCHLORIC Hy`dro*chlo"ric, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + hloric: cf. F. hydrochlorique.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or compounded of, chlorine and hydrogen gas; as, hydrochloric acid; chlorhydric. Hydrochloric acid (Chem.), hydrogen chloride; a colorless, corrosive gas, HCl, of pungent, suffocating odor. It is made in great quantities in the soda process, by the action of sulphuric acid on common salt. It has a great affinity for water, and the commercial article is a strong solution of the gas in water. It is a typical acid, and is an indispensable agent in commercial and general chemical work. Called also muriatic, and chlorhydric, acid.
HYDROCHLORIDEHy`dro*chlo"ride, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of hydrochloric acid with a base; — distinguished from a chloride, where only chlorine unites with the base.
HYDROCORALLIAHy`dro*co*ral"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hydra, and Coral.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of Hydroidea, including those genera that secrete a stony coral, as Millepora and Stylaster. Two forms of zooids in life project from small pores in the coral and resemble those of other hydroids. See Millepora.
HYDROCYANATEHy`dro*cy"a*nate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: See Hydrocyanide.
HYDROCYANICHy`dro*cy*an"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + anic: cf. F. hydrocyanique.](Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from the combination of, hydrogen and cyanogen. Hydrocyanic acid (Chem.), a colorless, mobile, volatile liquid, HCN, having a characteristic peach-blossom odor. It is one of the most deadly poisons. It is made by the action of sulphuric acid on yellow prussiate of potassium (potassium ferrocyanide), and chemically resembles hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids. Called also prussic acid, hydrogen cyanide, etc.
HYDROCYANIDEHy`dro*cy"a*nide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of hydrocyanic acid with a base; — distinguished from a cyanide, in which only the cyanogen so combines.
HYDRODYNAMIC; HYDRODYNAMICAL Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic, Hy`dro*dy*nam"ic*al, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + dynamic, -ical: cf. F. hydrodynamique.]
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the dynamical action of water of a liquid; of or pertaining to water power. Hydrodynamic friction, friction produced by the viscosity of a liquid in motion.
HYDRODYNAMICS Hy`dro*dy*nam"ics, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + dynamics: cf. F. hydrodynamique.]
Defn: That branch of the science of mechanics which relates to fluids, or, as usually limited, which treats of the laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids, whether as investigated mathematically, or by observation and experiment; the principles of dynamics, as applied to water and other fluids.
Note: The word is sometimes used as a general term, including both hydrostatics and hydraulics, together with pneumatics and acoustics. See Hydraulics.
HYDRODYNAMOMETERHy`dro*dy`na*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + dynamometer.]
Defn: An instrument to measure the velocity of a liquid current by the force of its impact.
HYDRO-ELECTRICHy`dro-e*lec"tric, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + electric.]
Defn: Pertaining to, employed in, or produced by, the evolution of electricity by means of a battery in which water or steam is used. Hydro-electric machine (Physics), an apparatus invented by Sir William Armstrong of England for generating electricity by the escape of high-pressure steam from a series of jets connected with a strong boiler, in which the steam is produced.
HYDRO-EXTRACTORHy`dro-ex*tract"or, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + extractor.]
Defn: An apparatus for drying anything, as yarn, cloth, sugar, etc., by centrifugal force; a centrifugal.
HYDROFERRICYANICHy`dro*fer`ri*cy*an"ic, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + ferricyanic.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen, ferric iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferricyanic acid. See Ferricyanic.
HYDROFERROCYANICHy`dro*fer`ro*cy*an"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + ferrocyanic.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, or obtained from, hydrogen, ferrous iron, and cyanogen; as, hydroferrocyanic acid. See Ferrocyanic.
HYDROFLUATEHy`dro*flu"ate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A supposed compound of hydrofluoris acid and a base; a fluoride. [Archaic]
HYDROFLUORICHy`dro*flu*or"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + fluoric.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen and fluorine; fluohydric; as, hydrofluoric acid. Hydrofluoric acid (Chem.), a colorless, mobile, volatile liquid, HF, very corrosive in its action, and having a strong, pungent, suffocating odor. It is produced by the action of sulphuric acid on fluorite, and is usually collected as a solution in water. It attacks all silicates, as glass or porcelain, is the agent employed in etching glass, and is preserved only in vessels of platinum, lead, caoutchouc, or gutta-percha.
HYDROFLUOSILICATEHy`dro*flu`o*sil"i*cate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hydrofluosilic acid; a silicofluoride. SeeSilicofluoride.
HYDROFLUOSILICICHy`dro*flu`o*si*lic"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 2 + fluorine + silicic.](Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or denoting, a compound consisting of a double fluoride of hydrogen and silicon; silicofluoric. See Silicofluoric.
HYDROGALVANICHy`dro*gal*van"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + galvanic.]
Defn: Pertaining to, produced by, or consisting of, electricity evolved by the action or use of fluids; as, hydrogalvanic currents. [R.]
HYDROGEN Hy"dro*gen, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + -gen: cf. F. hydrogène. So called because water is generated by its combustion. See Hydra.] (Chem.)
Defn: A gaseous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the lightest known substance, being fourteen and a half times lighter than air (hence its use in filling balloons), and over eleven thousand times lighter than water. It is very abundant, being an ingredient of water and of many other substances, especially those of animal or vegetable origin. It may by produced in many ways, but is chiefly obtained by the action of acids (as sulphuric) on metals, as zinc, iron, etc. It is very inflammable, and is an ingredient of coal gas and water gas. It is standard of chemical equivalents or combining weights, and also of valence, being the typical monad. Symbol H. Atomic weight 1.
Note: Although a gas, hydrogen is chemically similar to the metals in its nature, having the properties of a weak base. It is, in all acids, the base which is replaced by metals and basic radicals to form salts. Like all other gases, it is condensed by great cold and pressure to a liquid which freezes and solidifies by its own evaporation. It is absorbed in large quantities by certain metals (esp. palladium), forming alloy-like compounds; hence, in view of quasi-metallic nature, it is sometimes called hydrogenium. It is the typical reducing agent, as opposed to oxidizers, as oxygen, chlorine, etc. Bicarbureted hydrogen, an old name for ethylene. — Carbureted hydrogen gas. See under Carbureted. — Hydrogen dioxide, a thick, colorless liquid, H2O2, resembling water, but having a bitter, sour taste, produced by the action of acids on barium peroxide. It decomposes into water and oxygen, and is manufactured in large quantities for an oxidizing and bleaching agent. Called also oxygenated water. — Hydrogen oxide, a chemical name for water, H — Hydrogen sulphide, a colorless inflammable gas, H2S, having the characteristic odor of bad eggs, and found in many mineral springs. It is produced by the action of acids on metallic sulphides, and is an important chemical reagent. Called also sulphureted hydrogen.
HYDROGENATEHy"dro*gen*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hydrogenated; p. pr. & vb. n.Hydrogenating.] (Chem.)
Defn: To hydrogenize.
HYDROGENATIONHy`dro*gen*a"tion, n. (Chem.)
Defn: The act of combining with hydrogen, or the state of being so combined.
HYDROGENIDEHy"dro*gen*ide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A binary compound containing hydrogen; a hydride. [R.] SeeHydride.
HYDROGENIUMHy`dro*ge"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Hydrogen.] (Chem.)
Defn: Hydrogen; — called also in view of its supposed metallic nature. Graham.
HYDROGENIZEHy"dro*gen*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hydrogenized; p. pr. & vb. n.Hydrogenizing.] (Chem.)
Defn: To combine with hydrogen; to treat with, or subject to the action of, hydrogen; to reduce; — contrasted with oxidize.
HYDROGENOUSHy*drog"e*nous, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydrogen; containing hydrogen.
HYDROGNOSYHy*drog"no*sy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + Gr.
Defn: A treatise upon, or a history and description of, the water of the earth.
HYDROGODEHy"drog*ode, n. Etym: [Hydrogen + Gr. (Elec.)
Defn: The negative pole or cathode. [R.]
HYDROGRAPHERHy*drog"ra*pher, n.
Defn: One skilled in the hydrography; one who surveys, or draws maps or charts of, the sea, lakes, or other waters, with the adjacent shores; one who describes the sea or other waters. Boyle.
HYDROGRAPHIC; HYDROGRAPHICALHy`dro*graph"ic, Hy`dro*graph"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or relating to hydrography.
HYDROGRAPHYHy*drog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + -graphy: cf. F. hydrographie.]
1. The art of measuring and describing the sea, lakes, rivers, and other waters, with their phenomena.
2. That branch of surveying which embraces the determination of the contour of the bottom of a harbor or other sheet of water, the depth of soundings, the position of channels and shoals, with the construction of charts exhibiting these particulars.
HYDROGURETHy*drog"u*ret, n. Etym: [From Hydrogen.] (Chem.)
Defn: A hydride. [Obs.]
HYDROIDHy"droid, a. Etym: [Hydra + -oid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Related to, or resembling, the hydra; of or pertaining to the Hydroidea. — n.
Defn: One of the Hydroideas.
HYDROIDEAHy*droi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hydra, and -oid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive order of Hydrozoa or Acalephæ. [Written alsoHydroida.]
Note: This order includes the hydras and the free-swimming hydromedusæ, together with a great variety of marine attached hydroids, many of which grow up into large, elegantly branched forms, consisting of a vast number of zooids (hydranths, gonophores, etc.), united by hollow stems. All the zooids of a colony are produced from one primary zooid, by successive buddings. The Siphonophora have also been included in this order by some writers. See Gymnoblastea, Hydromedusa, Gonosome, Gonotheca.
HYDROKINETICHy`dro*ki*net"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + kinetic.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the motions of fluids, or the forces which produce or affect such motions; — opposed to hydrostatic. Sir W. Thomson.
HYDROLOGICALHy`dro*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydrology.
HYDROLOGISTHy*drol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One skilled in hydrology.
HYDROLOGYHy*drol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + -logy: cf. F. hydrologie.]
Defn: The science of water, its properties, phenomena, and distribution over the earth's surface.
HYDROLYSISHy*drol"y*sis, n. [Hydro-, 1 + -lysis.] (Chem.)
Defn: A chemical process involving the addition of the elements of water.
HYDROLYTICHy`dro*lyt"ic, a. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: Tending to remove or separate water; eliminating water. Hydrolytic agents, such as sulphuric acid or caustic alkali. Encyc. Brit. Hydrolitic ferment (Physiol. Chem.), a ferment, enzyme, or chemical ferment, which acts only in the presence of water, and which causes the substance acted upon to take up a molecule of water. Thus, diastase of malt, ptyalin of saliva, and boiling dilute sulphuric acid all convert starch by hydration into dextrin and sugar. Nearly all of the digestive ferments are hydrolytic in their action.
HYDROMAGNESITEHy`dro*mag"ne*site, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + magnesite.] (Min.)
Defn: A hydrous carbonate of magnesia occurring in white, early, amorphous masses.
HYDROMANCYHy"dro*man`cy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + -mancy: cf. F. hydromancie.]
Defn: Divination by means of water, — practiced by the ancients.
HYDROMANTICHy`dro*man"tic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hydromantique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to divination by water.
HYDROMECHANICSHy`dro*me*chan"ics, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + mechanics.]
Defn: That branch of physics which treats of the mechanics of liquids, or of their laws of equilibrium and of motion.
HYDROMEDUSAHy`dro*me*du"sa, n.; pl. Hydromedusæ. Etym: [NL. See Hydra, andMedusa.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any medusa or jellyfish which is produced by budding from a hydroid. They are called also Craspedota, and naked-eyed medusæ.
Note: Such medusæ are the reproductive zooids or gonophores, either male or female, of the hydroid from which they arise, whether they become free or remain attached to the hydroid colony. They in turn produce the eggs from which the hydroids are developed. The name is also applied to other similar medusæ which are not known to bud from a hydroid colony, and even to some which are known to develop directly from the eggs, but which in structure agree essentially with those produced from hydroids. See Hydroidea, and Gymnoblastea.
HYDROMELHy"dro*mel, n. Etym: [L. hydromel, hydromeli, Gr. hydromel.]
Defn: A liquor consisting of honey diluted in water, and after fermentation called mead.
HYDROMELLONICHy`dro*mel*lon"ic, a.
Defn: See Cyamellone.
HYDROMETALLURGICALHy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydrometallurgy; involving the use of liquid reagents in the treatment or reduction of ores. — Hy`dro*met`al*lur"gic*al*ly, adv.
HYDROMETALLURGYHy`dro*met"al*lur`gy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + metallurgy.]
Defn: The art or process of assaying or reducing ores by means of liquid reagents.
HYDROMETEORHy`dro*me"te*or, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + meteor.]
Defn: A meteor or atmospheric phenomenon dependent upon the vapor of water; — in the pl., a general term for the whole aqueous phenomena of the atmosphere, as rain, snow, hail, etc. Nichol.
HYDROMETEOROLOGICALHy`dro*me`te*or`o*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydrometeorology, or to rain, clouds, storms, etc.
HYDROMETEOROLOGYHy`dro*me`te*or*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + meteorology.]
Defn: That branch of meteorology which relates to, or treats of, water in the atmosphere, or its phenomena, as rain, clouds, snow, hail, storms, etc.
HYDROMETERHy*drom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + -meter: cf. F. hydromètre.]
1. (Physics)
Defn: An instrument for determining the specific gravities of liquids, and thence the strength spirituous liquors, saline solutions, etc.
Note: It is usually made of glass with a graduated stem, and indicates the specific gravity of a liquid by the depth to which it sinks in it, the zero of the scale marking the depth to which it sinks in pure water. Extra weights are sometimes used to adapt the scale to liquids of different densities.
2. An instrument, variously constructed, used for measuring the velocity or discharge of water, as in rivers, from reservoirs, etc., and called by various specific names according to its construction or use, as tachometer, rheometer, hydrometer, pendulum, etc.; a current gauge.
HYDROMETRIC; HYDROMETRICALHy`dro*met"ric, Hy`dro*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hydromètrique.]
1. Of or pertaining to an hydrometer, or to the determination of the specific gravity of fluids.
2. Of or pertaining to measurement of the velocity, discharge, etc., of running water.
3. Made by means of an hydrometer; as, hydrometric observations. Hydrometric pendulum, a species of hydrometer consisting of a hollow ball of ivory or metal suspended by a treated from the center of a graduated quadrant, and held in a stream to measure the velocity of the water by the inclination given to the thread; a kind of current gauge.
HYDROMETROGRAPHHy`dro*met"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + Gr. graph.]
Defn: An instrument for determining and recording the quantity of water discharged from a pipe, orifice, etc., in a given time.
HYDROMETRYHy*drom"e*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hydromètrique.]
1. The art of determining the specific gravity of liquids, and thence the strength of spirituous liquors, saline solutions, etc.
2. The art or operation of measuring the velocity or discharge of running water, as in rivers, etc.
HYDROMICAHy`dro*mi"ca, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + mica.] (Min.)
Defn: A variety of potash mica containing water. It is less elastic than ordinary muscovite. Hydromica schist (Min.), a mica schist characterized by the presence of hydromica. It often has a silky luster and almost soapy feel.
HYDRONEPHROSISHy`dro*ne*phro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., Gr. "y`dwr water + (Med.)
Defn: An accumulation of urine in the pelvis of the kidney, occasioned by obstruction in the urinary passages.
HYDROPATHHy"dro*path, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hydropathe.]
Defn: A hydropathist.
HYDROPATHIC; HYDROPATHICALHy`dro*path"ic, Hy`dro*path"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hydropathy.
HYDROPATHISTHy*drop"a*thist, n.
Defn: One who practices hydropathy; a water-cure doctor.
HYDROPATHYHy*drop"a*thy, n. Etym: [Hydro-, 1 + Gr.
Defn: The water cure; a mode of treating diseases by the copious and frequent use of pure water, both internally and externally.