HYPINOSISHyp`i*no"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A diminution in the normal amount of fibrin present in the blood.
HYPNAGOGICHyp`na*gog"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Leading to sleep; — applied to the illusions of one who is half asleep.
HYPNOBATEHyp"no*bate, n. Etym: [F., fr. Gr.
Defn: A somnambulist. [R.]
HYPNOCYSTHyp"no*cyst, n. Etym: [Gr. cyst.] (Biol.)
Defn: A cyst in which some unicellular organisms temporarily inclose themselves, from which they emerge unchanged, after a period of drought or deficiency of food. In some instances, a process of spore formation seems to occur within such cysts.
HYPNOGENICHyp`no*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)
Defn: Relating to the production of hypnotic sleep; as, the so-called hypnogenic pressure points, pressure upon which is said to cause an attack of hypnotic sleep. De Watteville.
HYPNOLOGISTHyp*nol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One who is versed in hypnology.
HYPNOLOGYHyp*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]
Defn: A treatise on sleep; the doctrine of sleep.
HYPNOSCOPEHyp"no*scope, n. [Gr. + -scope.] (Physiol.)
Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the susceptibility of a person to hypnotic influences.
HYPNOSISHyp*no"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Supervention of sleep.
HYPNOTIC Hyp*not"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. somnus, and E. somnolent: cf. F. hypnotique.]
1. Having the quality of producing sleep; tending to produce sleep; soporific.
2. Of or pertaining to hypnotism; in a state of hypnotism; liable to hypnotism; as, a hypnotic condition.
HYPNOTICHyp*not"ic, n.
1. Any agent that produces, or tends to produce, sleep; an opiate; a soporific; a narcotic.
2. A person who exhibits the phenomena of, or is subject to, hypnotism.
HYPNOTISMHyp"no*tism, n. Etym: [Gr. hypnotisme.]
Defn: A form of sleep or somnambulism brought on by artificial means, in which there is an unusual suspension of some powers, and an unusual activity of others. It is induced by an action upon the nerves, through the medium of the senses, as in persons of very feeble organization, by gazing steadly at a very bright object held before the eyes, or by pressure upon certain points of the surface of the body.
HYPNOTIZATIONHyp`no*ti*za"tion, n.
Defn: The act or process of producing hypnotism.
HYPNOTIZEHyp"no*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hypnotized; p. pr. & vb. n.Hypnotizing.]
Defn: To induce hypnotism in; to place in a state of hypnotism.
HYPNOTIZERHyp"no*ti`zer, n.
Defn: One who hypnotizes.
HYPNUMHyp"num, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: The largest genus of true mosses; feather moss.
HYPO-Hy"po-. Etym: [Gr. sub. See Sub-.]
1. A prefix signifying a less quantity, or a low state or degree, of that denoted by the word with which it is joined, or position under or beneath.
2. (Chem.)
Defn: A prefix denoting that the element to the name of which it is prefixed enters with a low valence, or in a low state of oxidization, usually the lowest, into the compounds indicated; as, hyposulphurous acid.
HYPOHy"po, n.
Defn: Hypochondria. [Colloq.]
HYPOHy"po, n. Etym: [Abbrev. from hyposulphite.] (Photog.)
Defn: Sodium hyposulphite, or thiosulphate, a solution of which is used as a bath to wash out the unchanged silver salts in a picture. [Colloq.]
HYPOARIANHy`po*a"ri*an, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a hypoarion.
HYPOARIONHy`po*a"ri*on, n.; pl. Hypoaria. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: An oval lobe beneath each of the optic lobes in many fishes; one of the inferior lobes. Owen.
HYPOBLASTHy"po*blast, n. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + -blast.] (Biol.)
Defn: The inner or lower layer of the blastoderm; — called also endoderm, entoderm, and sometimes hypoderm. See Illust. of Blastoderm, Delamination, and Ectoderm.
HYPOBLASTICHy`po*blas"tic, a. (Biol.)
Defn: Relating to, or connected with, the hypoblast; as, the hypoic sac.
HYPOBOLEHy*pob"o*le, n. Etym: [Gr. (Rhet.)
Defn: A figure in which several things are mentioned that seem to make against the argument, or in favor of the opposite side, each of them being refuted in order.
HYPOBRANCHIALHy`po*bran"chi*al, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + branchial.] (Anat.)
Defn: Pertaining to the segment between the basibranchial and the ceratobranchial in a branchial arch. — n.
Defn: A hypobranchial bone or cartilage.
HYPOCARP; HYPOCARPIUMHy"po*carp, Hy`po*car"pi*um, n. Etym: [NL. hypocarpium, fr. Gr.(Bot.)
Defn: A fleshy enlargement of the receptacle, or for the stem, below the proper fruit, as in the cashew. See Illust. of Cashew.
HYPOCARPOGEANHy`po*car`po*ge"an, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Producing fruit below the ground.
HYPOCAUSTHyp"o*caust, n. Etym: [L. hypocaustum, Gr. hypocauste.] (Anc. Arch.)
Defn: A furnace, esp. one connected with a series of small chambers and flues of tiles or other masonry through which the heat of a fire was distributed to rooms above. This contrivance, first used in bath, was afterwards adopted in private houses.
HYPOCHLORITEHy`po*chlo"rite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hypochlorous acid; as, a calcium hypochloride.
HYPOCHLOROUSHy`po*chlo"rous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + chlorous.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine having a valence lower than in chlorous compounds. Hypochlorous acid (Chem.), an acid derived from chlorine, not known in a pure state, but forming various salts, called hypochlorites.
HYPOCHONDRES Hy`po*chon"dres, n. pl. Etym: [F. hypocondres, formerly spely hypochondres.]
Defn: The hypochondriac regions. See Hypochondrium.
HYPOCHONDRIAHy`po*chon"dri*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)
Defn: Hypochondriasis; melancholy; the blues.
HYPOCHONDRIAC Hy`po*chon"dri*ac, a. Etym: [Gr. hypocondriaque, formerly spelt hypochondriaque.]
1. Of or pertaining to hypochondria, or the hypochondriac regions.
2. Affected, characterized, or produced, by hypochondriasis. Hypochondriac region (Anat.), a region on either side of the abdomen beneath the cartilages of the false ribs, beside the epigastric, and above the lumbar, region.
HYPOCHONDRIACHy`po*chon"dri*ac, n.
Defn: A person affected with hypochondriasis.He had become an incurable hypochondriac. Macaulay.
HYPOCHONDRIACALHy`po*chon"dri*a*cal, a.
Defn: Same as Hypochondriac, 2.— Hy`po*chon"dri*a*cal*ly, adv.
HYPOCHONDRIACISMHy`po*chon"dri*a*cism, n. (Med.)
Defn: Hypochondriasis. [R.]
HYPOCHONDRIASISHy`po*chon"dri*a*sis, n. Etym: [NL. So named because supposed to haveits seat in the hypochondriac regions. See Hypochondriac,Hypochondrium, and cf. Hyp, 1st Hypo.] (Med.)
Defn: A mental disorder in which melancholy and gloomy views torment the affected person, particularly concerning his own health.
HYPOCHONDRIASMHy`po*chon"dri*asm, n. (Med.)
Defn: Hypochondriasis. [R.]
HYPOCHONDRIUMHy`po*chon"dri*um, n.; pl. L. Hypochondria, E. Hypochondriums. Etym:[L., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: Either of the hypochondriac regions.
HYPOCHONDRYHy`po*chon"dry, n.
Defn: Hypochondriasis.
HYPOCISTHyp"o*cist, n. Etym: [Gr. Cistus.]
Defn: An astringent inspissated juice obtained from the fruit of a plant (Cytinus hypocistis), growing from the roots of the Cistus, a small European shrub.
HYPOCLEIDIUMHy`po*clei"di*um, n.; pl. L. Hypocleida, E. Hypocleidiums. Etym:[NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A median process on the furculum, or merrythought, of many birds, where it is connected with the sternum.
HYPOCORISTICHyp`o*co*ris"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Endearing; diminutive; as, the hypocoristic form of a name.The hypocoristic or pet form of William. Dr. Murray.
HYPOCRATERIFORMHyp`o*cra*ter"i*form, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + -form.] (Bot.)
Defn: hypocraterimorphous; salver-shaped. Wood.
HYPOCRATERIMORPHOUSHyp`o*cra*ter`i*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Salver-shaped; having a slender tube, expanding suddenly above into a bowl-shaped or spreading border, as in the blossom of the phlox and the lilac.
HYPOCRISYHy*poc"ri*sy, n.; pl. Hypocrisies. Etym: [OE. hypocrisie, ypocrisie,OF. hypocrisie, ypocrisie, F. hypocrisie, L. hypocrisis, fr. Gr.Hypo-, and Critic.]
Defn: The act or practice of a hypocrite; a feigning to be what one is not, or to feel what one does not feel; a dissimulation, or a concealment of one's real character, disposition, or motives; especially, the assuming of false appearance of virtue or religion; a simulation of goodness. Hypocrisy is the necessary burden of villainy. Rambler. Hypocrisy is the homage vice pays to virtue. La Rochefoucauld (Trans. ).
HYPOCRITEHyp"o*crite, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. hypocrita, Gr. Hypocrisy.]
Defn: One who plays a part; especially, one who, for the purpose of winning approbation of favor, puts on a fair outside seeming; one who feigns to be other and better than he is; a false pretender to virtue or piety; one who simulates virtue or piety. The hypocrite's hope shall perish. Job viii. 13. I dare swear he is no hypocrite, but prays from his heart. Shak.
Syn.— Deceiver; pretender; cheat. See Dissembler.
HYPOCRITELYHyp"o*crite*ly, adv.
Defn: Hypocritically. [R.] Sylvester.
HYPOCRITICHyp`o*crit"ic, a.
Defn: See Hypocritical. Swift.
HYPOCRITICALHyp`o*crit"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. hypocritique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a hypocrite, or to hypocrisy; as, ahypocriticalperson; a hypocritical look; a hypocritical action.Hypocritical professions of friendship and of pacific intentions werenot spared. Macaulay.— Hyp`o*crit"ic*al*ly, adv.
HYPOCRYSTALLINEHyp`o*crys"tal*line, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + crystalline.](Crystallog.)
Defn: Partly crystalline; — said of rock which consists of crystals imbedded in a glassy ground mass.
HYPOCYCLOID Hy`po*cy"cloid, n. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + cycloid: cf. F. hypocycloïde.] (Geom.)
Defn: A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the concave side in the fixed circle. Cf. Epicycloid, and Trochoid.
HYPODACTYLUMHyp`o*dac"ty*lum, n.; pl. -tyla. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The under side of the toes.
HYPODERMHyp"o*derm, n. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + -derm.] (Biol.)
Defn: Same as Hypoblast.
HYPODERMAHyp`o*der"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Hypo, and derma.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A layer of tissue beneath the epidermis in plants, and performing the physiological function of strengthening the epidermal tissue. In phanerogamous plants it is developed as collenchyma.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An inner cellular layer which lies beneath the chitinous cuticle of arthropods, annelids, and some other invertebrates.
HYPODERMATICHyp`o*der*mat"ic, a.
Defn: Hypodermic.— Hyp`o*der*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
HYPODERMICHyp`o*der"mic, a. Etym: [See Hypoderma.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the parts under the skin. Hypodermic medication, the application of remedies under the epidermis, usually by means of a small syringe, called the hypodermic syringe. — Hyp`o*der"mic*al*ly, adv.
HYPODERMISHyp`o*der"mis, n. Etym: [NL. See Hypo-, and Derma.]
1. (Biol.)
Defn: Same as Hypoblast.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Hypoderma, 2.
HYPODICROTIC; HYPODICROTOUSHyp`o*di*crot"ic, Hyp`o*di"cro*tous, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: Exhibiting retarded dicrotism; as, a hypodicrotic pulse curve.
HYPOGAEICHyp`o*gæ"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. gai^a, gh^, earth.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, the peanut, or earthnut (Arachis hypogæa). Hypogæic acid (Chem.), an acid in the oil of the earthnut, in which it exists as a glyceride, and from which it is extracted as a white, crystalline substance.
HYPOGASTRICHyp`o*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hypogastrique. See Hypogastrium.](Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the hypogastrium or the hypogastric region. Hypogastric region. (a) The lower part of the abdomen. (b) An arbitrary division of the abdomen below the umbilical and between the two iliac regions.
HYPOGASTRIUMHyp`o*gas"tri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: The lower part of the abdomen.
HYPOGEANHyp`o*ge"an, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Hypogeous. [Written also hypogæan.]
HYPOGENEHyp"o*gene, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + the root of Gr. hypogène.](Geol.)
Defn: Formed or crystallized at depths the earth's surface; — said of granite, gneiss, and other rocks, whose crystallization is believed of have taken place beneath a great thickness of overlying rocks. Opposed to epigene.
HYPOGEOUSHyp`o*ge"ous, a. Etym: [See Hypogean.] (Bot.)
Defn: Growing under ground; remaining under ground; ripening its fruit under ground. [Written also hypogæous.]
HYPOGEUMHyp`o*ge"um, n.; pl. Hypogea. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Arch.)
Defn: The subterraneous portion of a building, as in amphitheaters, for the service of the games; also, subterranean galleries, as the catacombs.
HYPOGLOSSALHyp`o*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: Under the tongue; — applied esp., in the higher vertebrates, to the twelfth or last pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the base of the tongue. — n.
Defn: One of the hypoglossal nerves.
HYPOGNATOUSHy*pog"na*tous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the maxilla, or lower jaw, longer than the upper, as in the skimmer.
HYPOGYNHyp"o*gyn, n. (Bot.)
Defn: An hypogynous plant.
HYPOGYNOUSHy*pog"y*nous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. hypogyne.] (Bot.)
Defn: Inserted below the pistil or pistils; — said of sepals, petals, and stamens; having the sepals, petals, and stamens inserted below the pistil; — said of a flower or a plant. Gray.
HYPOHYALHy`po*hy"al, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Greek letter (Anat.)
Defn: Pertaining to one or more small elements in the hyoidean arch of fishes, between the caratohyal and urohyal. — n.
Defn: One of the hypohyal bones or cartilages.
HYPONASTICHy`po*nas"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Exhibiting a downward convexity caused by unequal growth. Cf.Epinastic.
HYPONASTYHy`po*nas"ty, n. (Bot.)
Defn: Downward convexity, or convexity of the inferior surface.
HYPONITRITEHy`po*ni"trite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hyponitrous acid.
HYPONITROUSHy`po*ni"trous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + nitrous.] (Chem.)
Defn: Containing or derived from nitrogen having a lower valence than in nitrous compounds. Hyponitrous acid (Chem.), an unstable nitrogen acid, NOH, whose salts are produced by reduction of the nitrates, although the acid itself is not isolated in the free state except as a solution in water; — called also nitrosylic acid.
HYPOPHARYNXHy`po*phar"ynx, n. Etym: [NL. See Hypo-, and Pharynx.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An appendage or fold on the lower side of the pharynx, in certain insects.
HYPOPHOSPHATEHy`po*phos"phate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hypophosphoric acid.
HYPOPHOSPHITEHy`po*phos"phite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hypophosphorous acid.
HYPOPHOSPHORICHy`po*phos*phor"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + phosphoric.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphoric acid. Hypophosphoric acid (Chem.), an acid, P2H4O6, produced by the slow oxidation of moist phosphorus, and isolated only as a solution in water. It is regarded as a condensation product of one molecule of phosphoric acid with one of phosphorous acid, by partial dehydration.
HYPOPHOSPHOROUSHy`po*phos"phor*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + phosphorous.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus in a lower state of oxidation than in phosphoric compounds; as, hypophosphorous acid. Hypophosphorous acid (Chem.) , an acid, H3PO2, whose salts are produced by the action of barium hygrate on phosphorus. It may be obtained from its water solution, by exaporation and freezing, as a white crystalline substance. It is a powerful reducing agent.
HYPOPHYLLOUSHy*poph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Being or growing on the under side of a leaf, as the fruit dots of ferns.
HYPOPHYSIALHy`po*phys"i*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the hypophysis; pituitary.
HYPOPHYSISHy*poph"y*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
1. (Anat.)
Defn: See Pituitary body, under Pituitary.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Cataract.
HYPOPLASTRONHy`po*plas"tron, n.; pl. Hypoplastra. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + plastron.](Anat.)
Defn: The third lateral plate in the plastron of turtles; — called also hyposternum.
HYPOPTILUMHy*pop"ti*lum, n.; pl. L. Hypoptila, E. Hypoptilums. Etym: [NL., fr.Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An accessory plume arising from the posterior side of the stem of the contour feathers of many birds; — called also aftershaft. See Illust. of Feather.
HYPORADIUSHy`po*ra"di*us, n.; pl. Hyporadii. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + radius.](Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the barbs of the hypoptilum, or aftershaft of a feather.See Feather.
HYPORHACHISHy`po*rha"chis, n.; pl. Hyporhachides. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The stem of an aftershaft or hypoptilum. [Written also hyporachis.]
HYPOSKELETALHy`po*skel"e*tal, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + skeletal.] (Anat.)
Defn: Beneath the endoskeleton; hypaxial; as, the hyposkeletal muscles; — opposed to episkeletal.
HYPOSPADIASHy`po*spa"di*as, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A deformity of the penis, in which the urethra opens upon its under surface.
HYPOSTASISHy*pos"ta*sis, n.; pl. Hypostases. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Hypo-, andStand.]
1. That which forms the basis of anything; underlying principle; a concept or mental entity conceived or treated as an existing being or thing.
2. (Theol.)
Defn: Substance; subsistence; essence; person; personality; — used by the early theologians to denote any one of the three subdivisions of the Godhead, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Note: The Council of Alexandria (a.d. 362) defined hypostasis as synonymous with person. Schaff-Herzog.
3. Principle; an element; — used by the alchemists in speaking of salt, sulphur, and mercury, which they considered as the three principles of all material bodies.
4. (Med.)
Defn: That which is deposited at the bottom of a fluid; sediment.
HYPOSTASIZEHy*pos"ta*size, v. t.
Defn: To make into a distinct substance; to conceive or treat as an existing being; to hypostatize. [R.] The pressed Newtonians . . . refused to hypostasize the law of gravitation into an ether. Coleridge.
HYPOSTATIC; HYPOSTATICALHy`po*stat"ic, Hy`po*stat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. hypostatique.]
1. Relating to hypostasis, or substance; hence, constitutive, or elementary. The grand doctrine of the chymists, touching their three hypostatical principles. Boyle.
2. Personal, or distinctly personal; relating to the divine hypostases, or substances. Bp. Pearson.
3. (Med.)
Defn: Depending upon, or due to, deposition or setting; as, hypostatic cognestion, cognestion due to setting of blood by gravitation. Hypostatic union (Theol.), the union of the divine with the human nature of Christ. Tillotson.
HYPOSTATICALLYHy`po*stat"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a hypostatic manner.
HYPOSTATIZEHy*pos"ta*tize, v. t.
1. To make into, or regarded as, a separate and distinct substance. Looked upon both species and genera as hypostatized universals. Pop. Sci. Monthly.
2. To attribute actual or personal existence to. Sir W. Hamilton.
HYPOSTERNUM Hy`po*ster"num, n.; pl. L. Hyposterna, E. Hyposternums. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + sternum.] (Anat.)
Defn: See Hypoplastron.
HYPOSTOME; HYPOSTOMAHy"po*stome, Hy*pos"to*ma, n. Etym: [NL. hypostoma, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The lower lip of trilobites, crustaceans, etc.
HYPOSTROPHE Hy*pos"tro*phe, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.) (a) The act of a patient turning himself. (b) A relapse, or return of a disease.
HYPOSTYLEHy"po*style, a. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)
Defn: Resting upon columns; constructed by means of columns; — especially applied to the great hall at Karnak.
HYPOSULPHATEHy`po*sul"phate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of hyposulphuric acid.
HYPOSULPHITE Hy`po*sul"phite, n. (Chem.) (a) A salt of what was formerly called hyposulphurous acid; a thiosulphate. [Obs.] (b) A salt of hyposulphurous acid proper.
HYPOSULPHURICHy`po*sul*phur"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + sulphuric.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur in a lower state of oxidation than in the sulphuric compounds; as, hyposulphuric acid. Hyposulphuric acid, an acid, H2S2O6, obtained by the action of manganese dioxide on sulphur dioxide, and known only in a watery solution and in its salts; — called also dithionic acid. See Dithionic.
HYPOSULPHUROUSHy`po*sul"phur*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + sulphurous.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, sulphur, all, or a part, in a low state of oxidation. Hyposulphurous acid. (a) Thiosulphuric acid. [Obs.] (b) An acid, H2SO2, obtained by the reduction of sulphurous acid. It is not obtained in the free state, but in an orange-yellow water solution, which is a strong reducing and bleaching agent. Called also hydrosulphurous acid.
HYPOTARSUSHy`po*tar"sus, n.; pl. Hypotarsi. Etym: [NL. See Hypo-, and Tarsus.](Anat.)
Defn: A process on the posterior side of the tarsometatarsus of many birds; the calcaneal process. — Hy`po*tar"sal, a.
HYPOTENUSE; HYPOTHENUSEHy*pot"e*nuse, Hy*poth"e*nuse, n. Etym: [L. hypotenusa, Gr. Subtend.](Geom.)
Defn: The side of a right-angled triangle that is opposite to the right angle.
HYPOTHECHy*poth"ec, n. Etym: [F. hypothèque. See Hypotheca.] (Scot. Law)
Defn: A landlord's right, independently of stipulation, over the stocking (cattle, implements, etc.), and crops of his tenant, as security for payment of rent.
HYPOTHECAHy`po*the"ca, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Hypothesis.] (Rom. Law)
Defn: An obligation by which property of a debtor was made over to his creditor in security of his debt.
Note: It differed from pledge in regard to possession of the property subject to the obligation; pledge requiring, simple hypotheca not requiring, possession of it by the creditor. The modern mortgage corresponds very closely with it. Kent.
HYPOTHECATEHy*poth"e*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hypothecated; p. pr. & vb. n.Hypothecating.] Etym: [LL. hypothecatus, p.p. of hypothecare topledge, fr. L. hypotheca pledge, security. See Hypotheca.] (Law)
Defn: To subject, as property, to liability for a debt or engagement without delivery of possession or transfer of title; to pledge without delivery of possession; to mortgage, as ships, or other personal property; to make a contract by bottomry. See Hypothecation, Bottomry. He had found the treasury empty and the pay of the navy in arrear. He had no power to hypothecate any part of the public revenue. Those who lent him money lent it on no security but his bare word. Macaulay.
HYPOTHECATIONHy*poth`e*ca"tion, n. Etym: [LL. hypothecatio.]
1. (Civ. Law)
Defn: The act or contract by which property is hypothecated; a right which a creditor has in or to the property of his debtor, in virtue of which he may cause it to be sold and the price appropriated in payment of his debt. This is a right in the thing, or jus in re. Pothier. B. R. Curtis. There are but few cases, if any, in our law, where an hypothecation, in the strict sense of the Roman law, exists; that is a pledge without possession by the pledgee. Story.
Note: In the modern civil law, this contract has no application to movable property, not even to ships, to which and their cargoes it is most frequently applied in England and America. See Hypothecate. B. R. Curtis. Domat.
2. (Law of Shipping)
Defn: A contract whereby, in consideration of money advanced for the necessities of the ship, the vessel, freight, or cargo is made liable for its repayment, provided the ship arrives in safety. It is usually effected by a bottomry bond. See Bottomry.
Note: This term is often applied to mortgages of ships.
HYPOTHECATORHy*poth"e*ca`tor, n. (Law)
Defn: One who hypothecates or pledges anything as security for the repayment of money borrowed.
HYPOTHENAL; HYPOTHENARHy*poth"e*nal, Hy*poth"e*nar, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + thenar.](Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the prominent part of the palm of the hand above the base of the little finger, or a corresponding part in the forefoot of an animal; as, the hypothenar eminence.
HYPOTHENARHy*poth"e*nar, n. (Anat.)
Defn: The hypothenar eminence.
HYPOTHENUSALHy*poth`e*nu"sal, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hypothenuse. [R.]
HYPOTHENUSEHy*poth"e*nuse, n.
Defn: Same as Hypotenuse.
HYPOTHESISHy*poth"e*sis, n.; pl. Hypotheses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Hypo-,Thesis.]
1. A supposition; a proposition or principle which is supposed or taken for granted, in order to draw a conclusion or inference for proof of the point in question; something not proved, but assumed for the purpose of argument, or to account for a fact or an occurrence; as, the hypothesis that head winds detain an overdue steamer. An hypothesis being a mere supposition, there are no other limits to hypotheses than those of the human imagination. J. S. Mill.
2. (Natural Science)
Defn: A tentative theory or supposition provisionally adopted to explain certain facts, and to guide in the investigation of others; hence, frequently called a working hypothesis.
Syn. — Supposition; assumption. See Theory. Nebular hypothesis. See under Nebular.
HYPOTHETIC; HYPOTHETICAL Hy`po*thet"ic, Hy`po*thet"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. hypotheticus, Gr. hypothétique.]
Defn: Characterized by, or of the nature of, an hypothesis; conditional; assumed without proof, for the purpose of reasoning and deducing proof, or of accounting for some fact or phenomenon. Causes hypothetical at least, if not real, for the various phenomena of the existence of which our experience informs us. Sir W. Hamilton. Hypothetical baptism (Ch. of Eng.), baptism administered to persons in respect to whom it is doubtful whether they have or have not been baptized before. Hook. — Hy`po*thet"ic*al*ly, adv. South.
HYPOTHETISTHy*poth"e*tist, n.
Defn: One who proposes or supports an hypothesis. [R.]
HYPOTRACHELIUMHy`po*tra*che"li*um, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.)
Defn: Same as Gorgerin.
HYPOTRICHAHy*pot"ri*cha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of ciliated Infusoria in which the cilia cover only the under side of the body.
HYPOTROCHOIDHy`po*tro"choid, n. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + trochoid.] (Geom.)
Defn: A curve, traced by a point in the radius, or radius produced, of a circle which rolls upon the concave side of a fixed circle. See Hypocycloid, Epicycloid, and Trochoid.
HYPOTYPOSISHy`po*ty*po"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)
Defn: A vivid, picturesque description of scenes or events.
HYPOXANTHINHy`po*xan"thin, n. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + xanthin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A crystalline, nitrogenous substance, closely related to xanthin and uric acid, widely distributed through the animal body, but especially in muscle tissue; — called also sarcin, sarkin.
HYPOZOICHy`po*zo"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Geol.)
Defn: Anterior in age to the lowest rocks which contain organic remains. Lyell.
HYPPISHHyp"pish, a. Etym: [From Hyp.]
Defn: Affected with hypochondria; hypped. [Written also hyppish.]
HYPPOGRIFFHyp"po*griff, n.
Defn: See Hyppogriff.
HYPSILOIDHyp"si*loid, a. Etym: [From -oid.] (Anat.)
Defn: Resembling the Greek letter
HYPSOMETERHyp*som"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.] (Physics)
Defn: An instrument for measuring heights by observation of barometric pressure; esp., one for determining heights by ascertaining the boiling point of water. It consists of a vessel for water, with a lamp for heating it, and an inclosed thermometer for showing the temperature of ebullition.
HYPSOMETRIC; HYPSOMETRICALHyp`so*met"ric, Hyp`so*met"ric*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to hypsometry.
HYPSOMETRYHyp*som"e*try, n.
Defn: That branch of the science of geodesy which has to do with the measurement of heights, either absolutely with reference to the sea level, or relatively.
HYPURALHy*pu"ral, a. Etym: [Pref. hypo- + Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: Under the tail; — applied to the bones which support the caudal fin rays in most fishes.
HYRACOIDHy"ra*coid, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hyracoidea.— n.
Defn: One of the Hyracoidea.
HYRACOIDEAHyr`a*coi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hyrax, and oid.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of small hoofed mammals, comprising the single living genus Hyrax.
HYRAXHy"rax, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any animal of the genus Hyrax, of which about four species are known. They constitute the order Hyracoidea. The best known species are the daman (H. Syriacus) of Palestine, and the klipdas (H. capensis) of South Africa. Other species are H. arboreus and H. Sylvestris, the former from Southern, and the latter from Western, Africa. See Daman.
HYRCANIAN; HYRCANHyr*ca"ni*an, Hyr"can, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Hyrcania, an ancient country or province ofAsia, southeast of the Caspian (which was also called the Hyracanian)Sea. "The Hyrcan tiger." "Hyracanian deserts." Shak.
HYRSEHyrse, n. Etym: [G. hirse, OHG. hirsi.] (Bot.)
Defn: Millet.
HYRSTHyrst, n.
Defn: A wood. See Hurst.
HYSON Hy"son, n. Etym: [Chin. hi-tshun, lit., first crop, or blooming spring.]
Defn: A fragrant kind of green tea. Hyson skin, the light and inferior leaves separated from the hyson by a winnowing machine. M'Culloch.
HYSSOPHys"sop, n. Etym: [OE. hysope, ysope, OF. ysope, F. hysope, hyssope,L. hysopum, hyssopum, hyssopus, Gr. esov.]
Defn: A plant (Hyssopus officinalis). The leaves have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
Note: The hyssop of Scripture is supposed to be a species of caper (Capparis spinosa), but probably the name was used for several different plants.
HYSTERANTHOUSHys`ter*an"thous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Having the leaves expand after the flowers have opened.Henslow.
HYSTERESISHys`te*re"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Physics)
Defn: A lagging or retardation of the effect, when the forces acting upon a body are changed, as if from velocity or internal friction; a temporary resistance to change from a condition previously invuced, observed in magnetism, thermoelectricity, etc., on reversal of polarity.
HYSTERETICHys`ter*et"ic, a. (Elec.)
Defn: Of or pert. to hysteresis. — Hysteretic constant, the hysteretic loss in ergs per cubic centimeter per cycle.
HYSTERIAHys*te"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. hystérie. See Hysteric.] (Med.)
Defn: A nervous affection, occurring almost exclusively in women, in which the emotional and reflex excitability is exaggerated, and the will power correspondingly diminished, so that the patient loses control over the emotions, becomes the victim of imaginary sensations, and often falls into paroxism or fits.
Note: The chief symptoms are convulsive, tossing movements of the limbs and head, uncontrollable crying and laughing, and a choking sensation as if a ball were lodged in the throat. The affection presents the most varied symptoms, often simulating those of the gravest diseases, but generally curable by mental treatment alone.
HYSTERIC; HYSTERICALHys*ter"ic, Hys*ter"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. hystericus, Gr. utter, out.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to hysteria; affected, or troubled, with hysterics; convulsive, fitful. With no hysteric weakness or feverish excitement, they preserved their peace and patience. Bancroft.
HYSTERICSHys*ter"ics, n. pl. (Med.)
Defn: Hysteria.
HYSTEROEPILEPSYHys`ter*o*ep"i*lep`sy, n. Etym: [Hysteria + epilepsy.] (Med.)
Defn: A disease resembling hysteria in its nature, and characterized by the occurrence of epileptiform convulsions, which can often be controlled or excited by pressure on the ovaries, and upon other definite points in the body. — Hys`ter*o*ep`i*lep"tic, a.
HYSTEROGENICHys`ter*o*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Hysteria + root of Gr. (Physiol.)
Defn: Producing hysteria; as, the hysterogenicpressure points on the surface of the body, pressure upon which is said both to produce and arrest an attack of hysteria. De Watteville.
HYSTEROLOGYHys`ter*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. hystérologie.] (Rhet.)
Defn: A figure by which the ordinary course of thought is inverted in expression, and the last put first; — called also hysteron proteron.
HYSTERON PROTERON Hys"te*ron prot"e*ron. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.) (a) A figure in which the natural order of sense is reversed; hysterology; as, valet atque vivit, "he is well and lives." (b) An inversion of logical order, in which the conclusion is put before the premises, or the thing proved before the evidence.
HYSTEROPHYTEHys*ter"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A plant, like the fungus, which lives on dead or living organicmatter.— Hys`ter*oph"y*tal, a.
HYSTEROTOMYHys`ter*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. hystérotomie.] (Med.)
Defn: The Cæsarean section. See under Cæsarean.
HYSTRICINEHys"tri*cine, a. Etym: [See Hystrix.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Like or pertaining to the porcupines.
HYSTRICOMORPHOUSHys`tri*co*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Hystrix + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Like, or allied to, the porcupines; — said of a group(Hystricomorpha) of rodents.
HYSTRIXHys"trix, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of rodents, including the porcupine.
HYTHEHythe, n.
Defn: A small haven. See Hithe. [Obs.]
1. I, the ninth letter of the English alphabet, takes its form from the Phoenician, through the Latin and the Greek. The Phoenician letter was probably of Egyptian origin. Its original value was nearly the same as that of the Italian I, or long e as in mete. Etymologically I is most closely related to e, y, j, g; as in dint, dent, beverage, L. bibere; E. kin, AS. cynn; E. thin, AS. ynne; E. dominion, donjon, dungeon. In English I has two principal vowel sounds: the long sound, as in pine, ice; and the short sound, as in pîn. It has also three other sounds: (a) That of e in term, as in thirst. (b) That of e in mete (in words of foreign origin), as in machine, pique, regime. (c) That of consonant y (in many words in which it precedes another vowel), as in bunion, million, filial, Christian, etc. It enters into several digraphs, as in fail, field, seize, feign. friend; and with o often forms a proper diphtong, as in oil, join, coin.
See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 98-106.
Note: The dot which we place over the small or lower case i dates only from the 14th century. The sounds of I and J were originally represented by the same character, and even after the introduction of the form J into English dictionaries, words containing these letters were, till a comparatively recent time, classed together.
2. In our old authors, I was often used for ay (or aye), yes, which is pronounced nearly like it.
3. As a numeral, I stands for 1, II for 2, etc.
I-I-, prefix.
Defn: See Y-.
I I, pron. [poss. My or Mine (; object. Me. pl. nom. We (; poss. Our or Ours (; object. Us.] Etym: [OE. i, ich, ic, AS. ic; akin to OS. & D. ik, OHG. ih, G. ich, Icel. ek, Dan. jeg, Sw. jag, Goth. ik, OSlav. az', Russ. ia, W. i, L. ego, Gr. aham. sq. root179. Cf. Egoism.]
Defn: The nominative case of the pronoun of the first person; the word with which a speaker or writer denotes himself.
IAMATOLOGYI*am`a*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.] (Med.)
Defn: Materia Medica; that branch of therapeutics which treats of remedies.
IAMBI"amb, n. Etym: [Cf. F. iambe. See Lambus.]
Defn: An iambus or iambic. [R.]
IAMBICI*am"bic, a. Etym: [L. iambicus, Gr. iambique.]
1. (Pros.)
Defn: Consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, or of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented; as, an iambic foot.
2. Pertaining to, or composed of, iambics; as, an iambic verse; iambic meter. See Lambus.
IAMBICI*am"bic, n.
1. (Pros.) (a) An iambic foot; an iambus. (b) A verse composed of iambic feet.
Note: The following couplet consists of iambic verses. Thy gen- | ius calls | thee not | to pur- | chase fame In keen | iam- | bics, but | mild an- | agram. Dryden.
2. A satirical poem (such poems having been anciently written in iambic verse); a satire; a lampoon.
IAMBICALI*am"bic*al, a.
Defn: Iambic. [Obs. or R.]
IAMBICALLYI*am"bic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a iambic manner; after the manner of iambics.
IAMBIZEI*am"bize, v. t. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: To satirize in iambics; to lampoon. [R.]
IAMBUS I*am"bus, n.; pl. L. Iambi, E. Iambuses. Etym: [L. iambus, Gr. jacere to throw. Cf. Jet a shooting forth.] (Pros.)
Defn: A foot consisting of a short syllable followed by a long one, as in âmans, or of an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one, as invent; an iambic. See the Couplet under Iambic, n.
IANTHINA I*an"thi*na, n.; pl. L. Ianthinæ, E. Ianthinas. Etym: [NL., fr. L. ianthinus violet-blue, Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any gastropod of the genus Ianthina, of which various species are found living in mid ocean; — called also purple shell, and violet snail. [Written also janthina.]
Note: It floats at the surface by means of a raft, which it constructs by forming and uniting together air bubbles of hardened mucus. The Tyrian purple of the ancients was obtained in part from mollusks of this genus.
IATRALIPTICI*a`tra*lip"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. iatraliptique.]
Defn: Treating diseases by anointing and friction; as, the iatraliptic method. [Written also iatroleptic.]
IATRIC; IATRICALI*at"ric, I*at"ric*al, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to medicine, or to medical men.
IATROCHEMICALI*a`tro*chem"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to iatrochemistry, or to the iatrochemists.
IATROCHEMISTI*a`tro*chem"ist, n. Etym: [Gr. chemist.]
Defn: A physician who explained or treated diseases upon chemical principles; one who practiced iatrochemistry.
IATROCHEMISTRYI*a`tro*chem"is*try, n.
Defn: Chemistry applied to, or used in, medicine; — used especially with reference to the doctrines in the school of physicians in Flanders, in the 17th century, who held that health depends upon the proper chemical relations of the fluids of the body, and who endeavored to explain the conditions of health or disease by chemical principles.
IATROMATHEMATICALI*a`tro*math`e*mat"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to iatromathematicians or their doctrine.
IATROMATHEMATICIANI*a`tro*math`e*ma*ti"cian, n. Etym: [Gr. mathematician.] (Hist. Med.)
Defn: One of a school of physicians in Italy, about the middle of the 17th century, who tried to apply the laws of mechanics and mathematics to the human body, and hence were eager student of anatomy; — opposed to the iatrochemists.
IBERIANI*be"ri*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Iberia.
IBEX I"bex, n.; pl. E. Ibexes, L. Ibices. Etym: [L., a kind of goat, the chamois.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of several species of wild goats having very large, recurved horns, transversely ridged in front; — called also steinbok.
Note: The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is the best known. The Spanish, orPyrenean, ibex (C. Hispanica) has smoother and more spreading horns.
IBIDEMI*bi"dem, adv. Etym: [L.]
Defn: In the same place; — abbreviated ibid. or ib.
IBISI"bis, n. Etym: [L. ibis, Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any bird of the genus Ibis and several allied genera, of the family Ibidæ, inhabiting both the Old World and the New. Numerous species are known. They are large, wading birds, having a long, curved beak, and feed largely on reptiles.
Note: The sacred ibis of the ancient Egyptians (Ibis Æthiopica) has the head and neck black, without feathers. The plumage of the body and wings is white, except the tertiaries, which are lengthened and form a dark purple plume. In ancient times this bird was extensively domesticated in Egypt, but it is now seldom seen so far north. The glossy ibis (Plegadis autumnalis), which is widely distributed both in the Old World and the New, has the head and neck feathered, except between the eyes and bill; the scarlet ibis (Guara rubra) and the white ibis (G. alba) inhabit the West Indies and South America, and are rarely found in the United States. The wood ibis (Tantalus loculator) of America belongs to the Stork family (Ciconidæ). See Wood ibis.
-IBLE -i*ble
Defn: . See -able.
IBSENISMIb"sen*ism, n.
Defn: The dramatic practice or purpose characteristic of the writings of Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906), Norwegian poet and dramatist, whose best-known plays deal with conventional hypocrisies, the story in each play thus developing a definite moral problem.
-IC -ic. Etym: [L. -icus, Gr. ique.]
1. A suffix signifying, in general, relating to, or characteristic of; as, historic, hygienic, telegraphic, etc.
2. (Chem.)
Defn: A suffix, denoting that the element indicated enters into certain compounds with its highest valence, or with a valence relatively higher than in compounds where the name of the element ends in -ous; as, ferric, sulphuric. It is also used in the general sense of pertaining to; as, hydric, sodic, calcic.
ICARIANI*ca"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. Icarius, Gr.
Defn: Soaring too high for safety, like Icarus; adventurous in flight.
ICEIce, n. Etym: [OE. is, iis, AS. is; aksin to D. ijs, G. eis, OHG. is,Icel. iss, Sw. is, Dan. iis, and perh. to E. iron.]
1. Water or other fluid frozen or reduced to the solid state by cold; frozen water. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal. Its specific gravity (0.92, that of water at 4° C. being 1.0) being less than that of water, ice floats.
Note: Water freezes at 32° F. or 0° Cent., and ice melts at the same temperature. Ice owes its cooling properties to the large amount of heat required to melt it.
2. Concreted sugar. Johnson.
3. Water, cream, custard, etc., sweetened, flavored, and artificially frozen.
4. Any substance having the appearance of ice; as, camphor ice.Anchor ice, ice which sometimes forms about stones and other objectsat the bottom of running or other water, and is thus attached oranchored to the ground.— Bay ice, ice formed in bays, fiords, etc., often in extensivefields which drift out to sea.— Ground ice, anchor ice.— Ice age (Geol.), the glacial epoch or period. See under Glacial.— Ice anchor (Naut.), a grapnel for mooring a vessel to a field ofice. Kane.— Ice blink Etym: [Dan. iisblink], a streak of whiteness of thehorizon, caused by the reflection of light from ice not yet in sight.— Ice boat. (a) A boat fitted with skates or runners, and propelledon ice by sails; an ice yacht. (b) A strong steamboat for breaking achannel through ice.— Ice box or chest, a box for holding ice; a box in which thingsare kept cool by means of ice; a refrigerator.— Ice brook, a brook or stream as cold as ice. [Poetic] Shak.— Ice cream Etym: [for iced cream], cream, milk, or custard,sweetened, flavored, and frozen.— Ice field, an extensive sheet of ice.— Ice float, Ice floe, a sheet of floating ice similar to an icefield, but smaller.— Ice foot, shore ice in Arctic regions; an ice belt. Kane.— Ice house, a close-covered pit or building for storing ice.— Ice machine (Physics), a machine for making ice artificially, asby the production of a low temperature through the sudden expansionof a gas or vapor, or the rapid evaporation of a volatile liquid.— Ice master. See Ice pilot (below).— Ice pack, an irregular mass of broken and drifting ice.— Ice paper, a transparent film of gelatin for copying orreproducing; papier glacé.— Ice petrel (Zoöl.), a shearwater (Puffinus gelidus) of theAntarctic seas, abundant among floating ice.— Ice pick, a sharp instrument for breaking ice into small pieces.— Ice pilot, a pilot who has charge of a vessel where the course isobstructed by ice, as in polar seas; — called also ice master.— Ice pitcher, a pitcher adapted for ice water.— Ice plow, a large tool for grooving and cutting ice. icesculpture = a sculpture carved from a block of ice, often used fordecorating restaurants. ice show an entertainment consisting of iceskaters performing figure-skating on a sheet of ice, usually in anarena, often accompanied by music.— Ice sludge, bay ice broken small by the wind or waves; sludge.— Ice spar (Min.), a variety of feldspar, the crystals of which arevery clear like ice; rhyacolite.— Ice tongs, large iron nippers for handling ice.— Ice water. (a) Water cooled by ice. (b) Water formed by themelting of ice.— Ice yacht. See Ice boat (above).— To break the ice. See under Break.— Water ice, a confection consisting of water sweetened, flavored,and frozen.
ICEIce, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Iced; p. pr. & vb. n. Icing.]
1. To cover with ice; to convert into ice, or into something resembling ice.
2. To cover with icing, or frosting made of sugar and milk or white of egg; to frost, as cakes, tarts, etc.
3. To chill or cool, as with ice; to freeze.
ICEBERG Ice"berg`, n. Etym: [Prob. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. iisbierg, Sw. isberg, properly, a mountain of ice. See Ice, and Berg.]
Defn: A large mass of ice, generally floating in the ocean.
Note: Icebergs are large detached portions of glaciers, which in cold regions often project into the sea.
ICEBIRDIce"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An Arctic sea bird, as the Arctic fulmar.
ICEBOUNDIce"bound`, a.
Defn: Totally surrounded with ice, so as to be incapable of advancing; as, an icebound vessel; also, surrounded by or fringed with ice so as to hinder easy access; as, an icebound coast.
ICE-BUILTIce"-built`, a.
1. Composed of ice.
2. Loaded with ice. "Ice-built mountains." Gray.
ICEDIced, a.
1. Covered with ice; chilled with ice; as, iced water.
2. Covered with something resembling ice, as sugar icing; frosted; as, iced cake. Iced cream. Same as Ice cream, under Ice.
ICEFALLIce"fall`, n.
Defn: A frozen waterfall, or mass of ice resembling a frozen waterfall. Coleridge.
ICELANDERIce"land*er, n.
Defn: A native, or one of the Scandinavian people, of Iceland.
ICELANDICIce*lan"dic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Iceland; relating to, or resembling, theIcelanders.
ICELANDICIce*lan"dic, n.
Defn: The language of the Icelanders. It is one of the Scandinavian group, and is more nearly allied to the Old Norse than any other language now spoken.
ICELAND MOSSIce"land moss`. (Bot.)
Defn: A kind of lichen (Cetraria Icelandica) found from the Arctic regions to the North Temperate zone. It furnishes a nutritious jelly and other forms of food, and is used in pulmonary complaints as a demulcent.
ICELAND SPARIce"land spar`. (Min.)
Defn: A transparent variety of calcite, the best of which is obtained in Iceland. It is used for the prisms of the polariscope, because of its strong double refraction. Cf. Calcite.
ICEMANIce"man, n.; pl. Icemen (.
1. A man who is skilled in traveling upon ice, as among glaciers.
2. One who deals in ice; one who retails or delivers ice.
ICE PLANTIce" plant`. (Bot.)
Defn: A plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum), sprinkled with pellucid, watery vesicles, which glisten like ice. It is native along the Mediterranean, in the Canaries, and in South Africa. Its juice is said to be demulcent and diuretic; its ashes are used in Spain in making glass. Ice-skater = one who skates on ice wearing an ice skate; esp. an athlete who performs athletic or artistic movements on a sheet of ice, wearing ice skates; including speed skater and figure skater
ICEQUAKEIce"quake`, n.
Defn: The crash or concussion attending the breaking up of masses of ice, — often due to contraction from extreme cold.
ICHIch, pron.
Defn: I. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Note: In the Southern dialect of Early English this is the regular form. Cf. Ik.
ICHNEUMONIch*neu"mon, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any carnivorous mammal of the genus Herpestes, and family Viverridæ. Numerous species are found in Asia and Africa. The Egyptian species(H. ichneumon), which ranges to Spain and Palestine, is noted for destroying the eggs and young of the crocodile as well as various snakes and lizards, and hence was considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians. The common species of India (H. griseus), known as the mongoose, has similar habits and is often domesticated. It is noted for killing the cobra.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any hymenopterous insect of the family Ichneumonidæ, of which several thousand species are known, belonging to numerous genera.
Note: The female deposits her eggs upon, or in, the bodies of other insects, such as caterpillars, plant lice, etc. The larva lives upon the internal tissues of the insect in which it is parasitic, and finally kills it. Hence, many of the species are beneficial to agriculture by destroying noxious insects. Ichneumon fly. See Ichneumon, 2.
ICHNEUMONIDANIch`neu*mon"i*dan, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Ichneumonidæ, or ichneumon flies.— n.
Defn: One of the Ichneumonidæ.
ICHNEUMONIDESIch`neu*mon"i*des, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Ichneumon.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The ichneumon flies.
ICHNITEIch"nite, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: A fossil footprint; as, the ichnites in the Triassic sandstone.Page.
ICHNOGRAPHIC; ICHNOGRAPHICAL Ich`no*graph"ic, Ich`no*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ichonographique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to ichonography; describing a ground plot.
ICHNOGRAPHYIch*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. ichonographie.] (Drawing)
Defn: A horizontal section of a building or other object, showing its true dimensions according to a geometric scale; a ground plan; a map; also, the art of making such plans.
ICHNOLITEIch"no*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.]
Defn: A fossil footprint; an ichnite.
ICHNOLITHOLOGYIch`no*li*thol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -lith + -logy.]
Defn: Same as Ichnology. Hitchcock.
ICHNOLOGICALIch`no*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to ichnology.
ICHNOLOGYIch*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.] (Geol.)
Defn: The branch of science which treats of fossil footprints.
ICHNOSCOPYIch*nos"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. -scopy.]
Defn: The search for the traces of anything. [R.]
ICHORI"chor, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ichor.]
1. (Class. Myth.)
Defn: An ethereal fluid that supplied the place of blood in the veins of the gods.
2. A thin, acrid, watery discharge from an ulcer, wound, etc.
ICHORHAEMIAI`chor*hæ"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Infection of the blood with ichorous or putrid substances.
ICHOROUSI"chor*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ichoreux.]
Defn: Of or like ichor; thin; watery; serous; sanious.
ICHTHIDINIch"thi*din, n. (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A substance from the egg yolk of osseous fishes.
ICHTHINIch"thin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A nitrogenous substance resembling vitellin, present in the egg yolk of cartilaginous fishes.