PHLOGOGENOUSPhlo*gog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. -genous.] (Med.)
Defn: Causing inflammation.
PHLOGOPITEPhlog"o*pite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)
Defn: A kind of mica having generally a peculiar bronze-red or copperlike color and a pearly luster. It is a silicate of aluminia, with magnesia, potash, and some fluorine. It is characteristic of crystalline limestone or dolomite and serpentine. See Mica.
PHLOGOSISPhlo*go"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of external parts of the body; erysipelatous inflammation.
PHLOGOTICPhlo*got"ic, n. (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to phlogisis.
PHLORAMINEPhlo*ram"ine, n. Etym: [Phlorlucin + amine.] (Chem.)
Defn: A basic amido derivative of phloroglucin, having an astringent taste.
PHLORETICPhlo*ret"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, or designating, an organic acid obtained by the decomposition of phloretin.
PHLORETINPhlor"e*tin, n. Etym: [From Phlorizin.] (Chem.)
Defn: A bitter white crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of phlorizin, and formerly used to some extent as a substitute for quinine.
PHLORIZINPhlor"i*zin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: A bitter white crystalline glucoside extracted from the root bark of the apple, pear, cherry, plum, etc. [Formerly also written phloridzin.]
PHLOROGLUCINPhlor`o*glu"cin, n. Etym: [Phloretin + Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: A sweet white crystalline substance, metameric with pyrogallol, and obtained by the decomposition of phloretin, and from certain gums, as catechu, kino, etc. It belongs to the class of phenols. [Called also phloroglucinol.]
PHLOROLPhlo"rol, n. Etym: [Phloretic + -ol.] (Chem.)
Defn: A liquid metameric with xylenol, belonging to the class of phenols, and obtained by distilling certain salts of phloretic acid.
PHLORONEPhlo"rone, n. Etym: [Phlorol + quinone.] (Chem.)
Defn: A yellow crystalline substance having a peculiar unpleasant odor, resembling the quinones, and obtained from beechwood tar and coal tar, as also by the oxidation of xylidine; — called also xyloquinone.
PHLOXPhlox, n. Etym: [L., a kind of flower, fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of American herbs, having showy red, white, or purple flowers. Phlox worm (Zoöl.), the larva of an American moth (Heliothis phloxiphaga). It is destructive to phloxes. — Phlox subulata, the moss pink. See under Moss.
PHLYCTENULARPhlyc*ten"u*lar, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Characterized by the presence of small pustules, or whitish elevations resembling pustules; as, phlyctenular ophthalmia.
PHOCAPho"ca, n. Etym: [L., a seal, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of seals. It includes the common harbor seal and allied species. See Seal.
PHOCACEANPho*ca"cean, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of Phoca; a seal.
PHOCALPho"cal, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Pertaining to seals.
PHOCENICPho*cen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to dolphin oil or porpoise oil; — said of an acid (called also delphinic acid) subsequently found to be identical with valeric acid. Watts.
PHOCENINPho*ce"nin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. phocénine.] (Chem.)
Defn: See Delphin.
PHOCINEPho"cine, a. Etym: [L. phoca a seal.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the seal tribe; phocal.
PHOCODONTPho"co*dont, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the Phocodontia.
PHOCODONTIAPho`co*don"ti*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A group of extinct carnivorous whales. Their teeth had compressed and serrated crowns. It includes Squalodon and allied genera.
PHOEBEPhoe"be, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pewee, or pewit.
PHOEBUSPhoe"bus, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Class. Myth.)
Defn: Apollo; the sun god.
2. The sun. "Phoebus 'gins arise." Shak.
PHOENICIANPhoe*ni"cian, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Phoenica.— n.
Defn: A native or inhabitant of Phoenica.
PHOENICIOUSPhoe*ni"cious, a.
Defn: See Phenicious.
PHOENICOPTERUSPhoe`ni*cop"te*rus, n. Etym: [NL. See Phenicopter.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of birds which includes the flamingoes.
PHOENIXPhoe"nix, n. Etym: [L., a fabulous bird. See Phenix.]
1. Same as Phenix. Shak.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of palms including the date tree.
PHOLADPho"lad, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of Pholas.
PHOLADEANPho*la"de*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Pholad.
PHOLASPho"las, n.; pl. Pholades. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pholas, or family Pholadidæ. They bore holes for themselves in clay, peat, and soft rocks.
PHONALPho"nal, a.Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Of or relating to the voice; as, phonal structure. Max Müller.
PHONASCETICSPho`nas*cet"ics, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Treatment for restoring or improving the voice.
PHONATIONPho*na"tion, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: The act or process by which articulate sounds are uttered; the utterance of articulate sounds; articulate speech.
PHONAUTOGRAPHPho*nau"to*graph, n. Etym: [Phono- + Gr. -graph.] (Physics)
Defn: An instrument by means of which a sound can be made to produce a visible trace or record of itself. It consists essentially of a resonant vessel, usually of paraboloidal form, closed at one end by a flexible membrane. A stylus attached to some point of the membrane records the movements of the latter, as it vibrates, upon a moving cylinder or plate.
PHONEPhone, n. & v. t.
Defn: Colloq. for Telephone.
PHONEIDOSCOPEPho*nei"do*scope, n. Etym: [Phono- + Gr. -scope.] (Physics)
Defn: An instrument for studying the motions of sounding bodies by optical means. It consists of a tube across the end of which is stretched a film of soap solution thin enough to give colored bands, the form and position of which are affected by sonorous vibrations.
PHONETICPho*net"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. phonétique. See Ban a proclamation.]
1. Of or pertaining to the voice, or its use.
2. Representing sounds; as, phonetic characters; — opposed to ideographic; as, a phonetic notation. Phonetic spelling, spelling in phonetic characters, each representing one sound only; — contrasted with Romanic spelling, or that by the use of the Roman alphabet.
PHONETICALLYPho*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a phonetic manner.
PHONETICIANPho`ne*ti"cian, n.
Defn: One versed in phonetics; a phonetist.
PHONETICSPho*net"ics, n.
1. The doctrine or science of sounds; especially those of the human voice; phonology.
2. The art of representing vocal sounds by signs and written characters.
PHONETISMPho"ne*tism, n.
Defn: The science which treats of vocal sounds. J. Peile.
PHONETISTPho"ne*tist, n.
1. One versed in phonetics; a phonologist.
2. One who advocates a phonetic spelling.
PHONETIZATIONPho`ne*ti*za"tion, n.
Defn: The act, art, or process of representing sounds by phonetic signs.
PHONETIZEPho"ne*tize, v. t.
Defn: To represent by phonetic signs. Lowell.
PHONICPhon"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. phonique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to sound; of the nature of sound; acoustic.Tyndall.
PHONICSPhon"ics, n.
Defn: See Phonetics.
PHONO-Pho"no-.
Defn: A combining form from Gr. sound, tone; as, phonograph, phonology.
PHONOPhono, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A South American butterfly (Ithonia phono) having nearly transparent wings.
PHONOCAMPTICPho`no*camp"tic, a. Etym: [Phono- + Gr. phonocamptique.]
Defn: Reflecting sound. [R.] "Phonocamptic objects." Derham.
PHONOGRAMPho"no*gram, n. Etym: [Phono- + -gram.]
1. A letter, character, or mark used to represent a particular sound. Phonograms are of three kinds: (1) Verbal signs, which stand for entire words; (2) Syllabic signs, which stand for the articulations of which words are composed; (3) Alphabetic signs, or letters, which represent the elementary sounds into which the syllable can be resolved. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
2. A record of sounds made by a phonograph.
PHONOGRAPHPho"no*graph, n. Etym: [Phono- + -graph.]
1. A character or symbol used to represent a sound, esp. one used in phonography.
2. (Physics)
Defn: An instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as articulate speech, etc. It consists of a rotating cylinder or disk covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin, etc., above which is a thin plate carrying a stylus. As the plate vibrates under the influence of a sound, the stylus makes minute indentations or undulations in the soft material, and these, when the cylinder or disk is again turned, set the plate in vibration, and reproduce the sound.
PHONOGRAPHERPho*nog"ra*pher, n.
1. One versed or skilled in phonography.
2. One who uses, or is skilled in the use of, the phonograph. See Phonograph, 2.
PHONOGRAPHIC; PHONOGRAPHICAL Pho`no*graph"ic, Pho`no*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phonographique.]
1. Of or pertaining to phonography; based upon phonography.
2. Of or pertaining to phonograph; done by the phonograph.
PHONOGRAPHICALLYPho`no*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a phonographic manner; by means of phonograph.
PHONOGRAPHISTPho*nog"ra*phist, n.
Defn: Phonographer.
PHONOGRAPHYPho*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Phono- + -graphy.]
1. A description of the laws of the human voice, or sounds uttered by the organs of speech.
2. A representation of sounds by distinctive characters; commonly, a system of shorthand writing invented by Isaac Pitman, or a modification of his system, much used by reporters.
Note: The consonants are represented by straight lines and curves; the vowels by dots and short dashes; but by skilled phonographers, in rapid work, most vowel marks are omitted, and brief symbols for common words and combinations of words are extensively employed. The following line is an example of phonography, in which all the sounds are indicated: — They also serve who only stand and wait. Milton.
3. The art of constructing, or using, the phonograph.
PHONOLITEPho"no*lite, n. Etym: [Phono- + -lite: cf. F. phonolithe.] (Min.)
Defn: A compact, feldspathic, igneous rock containing nephelite, haüynite, etc. Thin slabs give a ringing sound when struck; — called also clinkstone.
PHONOLOGERPho*nol"o*ger, n.
Defn: A phonologist.
PHONOLOGIC; PHONOLOGICALPho`no*log"ic, Pho`no*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to phonology.
PHONOLOGISTPho*nol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One versed in phonology.
PHONOLOGYPho*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Phono- + -logy.]
Defn: The science or doctrine of the elementary sounds uttered by the human voice in speech, including the various distinctions, modifications, and combinations of tones; phonetics. Also, a treatise on sounds.
PHONOMETERPho*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Phono- + -meter.] (Physics)
Defn: An instrument for measuring sounds, as to their intensity, or the frequency of the vibrations.
PHONOMOTORPho`no*mo"tor, n. Etym: [Phono- + -motor.] (Physics)
Defn: An instrument in which motion is produced by the vibrations of a sounding body.
PHONORGANONPho*nor"ga*non, n. Etym: [NL. See Phono-, and Organon.]
Defn: A speaking machine.
PHONOSCOPE Pho"no*scope, n. Etym: [Phono- + -scope.] (Physics) (a) An instrument for observing or exhibiting the motions or properties of sounding bodies; especially, an apparatus invented by König for testing the quality of musical strings. (b) An instrument for producing luminous figures by the vibrations of sounding bodies.
PHONOTYPEPho"no*type, n. Etym: [Phono- + -type.]
Defn: A type or character used in phonotypy.
PHONOTYPIC; PHONOTYPICALPho`no*typ"ic, Pho`no*typ"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to phonotypy; as, a phonotypic alphabet.
PHONOTYPISTPho*not"y*pist, n.
Defn: One versed in phonotypy.
PHONOTYPYPho*not"y*py, n.
Defn: A method of phonetic printing of the English language, as devised by Mr. Pitman, in which nearly all the ordinary letters and many new forms are employed in order to indicate each elementary sound by a separate character.
PHORMINXPhor"minx, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
Defn: A kind of lyre used by the Greeks. Mrs. Browning.
PHORMIUMPhor"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL. fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of liliaceous plants, consisting of one species(Phormium tenax). See Flax-plant.
PHORONEPhor"one, n. Etym: [Camphor + acetone.] (Chem.)
Defn: A yellow crystalline substance, having a geraniumlike odor, regarded as a complex derivative of acetone, and obtained from certain camphor compounds.
PHORONISPho*ro"nis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. Phoronis, a surname of Io, Gr.(Zoöl.)
Defn: A remarkable genus of marine worms having tentacles around the mouth. It is usually classed with the gephyreans. Its larva (Actinotrocha) undergoes a peculiar metamorphosis.
PHORONOMIAPhor`o*no"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: See Phoronomics.
PHORONOMICSPhor`o*nom"ics, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: The science of motion; kinematics. [R.] Weisbach.
PHOSGENEPhos"gene, a. Etym: [Gr. phosgène.] (Old Chem.)
Defn: Producing, or produced by, the action of light; — formerly used specifically to designate a gas now called carbonyl chloride. See Carbonyl.
PHOSGENITEPhos"gen*ite, n. (Min.)
Defn: A rare mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals of a white, yellow, or grayish color and adamantine luster. It is a chlorocarbonate of lead.
PHOSPHAMPhos"pham, n. Etym: [Phosphorus + ammonia.] (Chem.)
Defn: An inert amorphous white powder, PN2H, obtained by passing ammonia over heated phosphorus. [Spelt also phosphame.] — Phos"pham"ic, a.
PHOSPHATEPhos"phate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of phosphoric acid.
PHOSPHATICPhos*phat"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, phosphorus, phosphoric acid, or phosphates; as, phosphatic nodules. Phosphatic diathesis (Med.), a habit of body which leads to the undue excretion of phosphates with the urine.
PHOSPHATURIAPhos`pha*tu"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Phosphate, and Urine.] (Med.)
Defn: The excessive discharge of phosphates in the urine.
PHOSPHENEPhos"phene, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)
Defn: A luminous impression produced through excitation of the retina by some cause other than the impingement upon it of rays of light, as by pressure upon the eyeball when the lids are closed. Cf. After- image.
PHOSPHIDEPhos"phide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A binary compound of phosphorus.
PHOSPHINEPhos"phine, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A colorless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odor resembling that of garlic. Called also hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen.
Note: It is the most important compound of phosphorus and hydrogen, and is produced by the action of caustic potash on phosphorus. It is spontaneously inflammable, owing to impurities, and in burning produces peculiar vortical rings of smoke.
PHOSPHINICPhos*phin"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, certain acids analogous to the phosphonic acids, but containing two hydrocarbon radicals, and derived from the secondary phosphines by oxidation.
PHOSPHITEPhos"phite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of phosphorous acid.
PHOSPHONICPhos*phon"ic, a. Etym: [Phosphoric + sulphonic.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, certain derivatives of phosphorous acid containing a hydrocarbon radical, and analogous to the sulphonic acid.
PHOSPHONIUMPhos*pho"ni*um, n. Etym: [Phosphorus + ammonium.] (Chem.)
Defn: The hypothetical radical PH4, analogous to ammonium, and regarded as the nucleus of certain derivatives of phosphine.
PHOSPHORPhos"phor, n. Etym: [Cf. G. phosphor. See Phosphorus.]
1. Phosphorus. [Obs.] Addison.
2. The planet Venus, when appearing as the morning star; Lucifer. [Poetic] Pope. Tennyson.
PHOSPHORATEPhos"phor*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phosphorated; p. pr. & vb. n.Phosphorating.] (Chem.)
Defn: To impregnate, or combine, with phosphorus or its compounds; as, phosphorated oil.
PHOSPHOR-BRONZEPhos"phor-bronze`, n. Etym: [Phosphor + bronze.] (Metal.)
Defn: A variety of bronze possessing great hardness, elasticity, and toughness, obtained by melting copper with tin phosphide. It contains one or two per cent of phosphorus and from five to fifteen per cent of tin.
PHOSPHOREOUSPhos*pho"re*ous, a.
Defn: Phosphorescent. [Obs.]
PHOSPHORESCEPhos`phor*esce", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Phosphoresced; p. pr. & vb. n.Phosphorescing.]
Defn: To shine as phosphorus; to be phosphorescent; to emit a phosphoric light.
PHOSPHORESCENCEPhos`phor*es"cence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. phosphorescence.]
1. The quality or state of being phosphorescent; or the act of phosphorescing.
2. A phosphoric light.
PHOSPHORESCENTPhos`phor*es"cent, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phosphorescent.]
Defn: Shining with a phosphoric light; luminous without sensible heat. — n.
Defn: A phosphorescent substance.
PHOSPHORICPhos*phor"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phosphorique.]
1. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to phosphorus; resembling, or containing, from us; specifically, designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a higher valence as contrasted with the phosphorous compounds.
2. Phosphorescent. "A phosphoric sea." Byron. Glacial phosphoric acid. (Chem.) (a) Metaphosphoric acid in the form of glassy semitransparent masses or sticks. (b) Pure normal phosphoric acid. — Phosphoric acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, H3PO4, which is the most highly oxidized acid of phosphorus, and forms an important and extensive series of compounds, viz., the phosphates. — Soluble phosphoric acid, Insoluble phosphoric acid (Agric. Chem.), phosphoric acid combined in acid salts, or in neutral or basic salts, which are respectively soluble and insoluble in water or in plant juices. — Reverted phosphoric acid (Agric. Chem.), phosphoric acid changed from acid (soluble) salts back to neutral or basic (insoluble) salts.
PHOSPHORICALPhos*phor"ic*al, a. (Old Chem.)
Defn: Phosphoric.
PHOSPHORITEPhos"phor*ite, n.
Defn: (min.) A massive variety of apatite.
PHOSPHORITICPhos`phor*it"ic, a. (Min.)
Defn: Pertaining to phosphorite; resembling, or of the nature of, phosphorite.
PHOSPHORIZEPhos"phor*ize, v. t.
Defn: To phosphorate.
PHOSPHORIZEDPhos"phor*ized, a.
Defn: Containing, or impregnated with, phosphorus.
PHOSPHOROGENICPhos`phor*o*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Phosphorus + -gen + -ic.]
Defn: Generating phosphorescence; as, phosphorogenic rays.
PHOSPHOROSCOPEPhos*phor"o*scope, n. Etym: [Phosphorus + -scope.] (Physics)
Defn: An apparatus for observing the phosphorescence produced in different bodies by the action of light, and for measuring its duration.
PHOSPHOROUSPhos"phor*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phosphoreux.] (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to phosphorus; resembling or containing phosphorus; specifically, designating those compounds in which phosphorus has a lower valence as contrasted with phosphoric compounds; as, phosphorous acid, H3PO3.
PHOSPHORUSPhos"phor*us, n.; pl. Phosphori. Etym: [L., the morning star, Gr.
1. The morning star; Phosphor.
2. (Chem.)
Defn: A poisonous nonmetallic element of the nitrogen group, obtained as a white, or yellowish, translucent waxy substance, having a characteristic disagreeable smell. It is very active chemically, must be preserved under water, and unites with oxygen even at ordinary temperatures, giving a faint glow, — whence its name. It always occurs compined, usually in phosphates, as in the mineral apatite, in bones, etc. It is used in the composition on the tips of friction matches, and for many other purposes. The molecule contains four atoms. Symbol P. Atomic weight 31.0.
3. (Chem.)
Defn: Hence, any substance which shines in the dark like phosphorus, as certain phosphorescent bodies. Bologna phosphorus (Chem.), sulphide of barium, which shines in the dark after exposure to light; — so called because this property was discovered by a resident of Bologna. The term is sometimes applied to other compounds having similar properties. — Metallic phosphorus (Chem.), an allotropic modification of phosphorus, obtained as a gray metallic crystalline substance, having very inert chemical properties. It is obtained by heating ordinary phosphorus in a closed vessel at a high temperature. — Phosphorus disease (Med.), a disease common among workers in phosphorus, giving rise to necrosis of the jawbone, and other symptoms. — Red, or Amorphous, phosphorus (Chem.), an allotropic modification of phosphorus, obtained as a dark red powder by heating ordinary phosphorus in closed vessels. It is not poisonous, is not phosphorescent, and is only moderately active chemically. It is valuable as a chemical reagent, and is used in the composition of the friction surface on which safety matches are ignited. — Solar phosphori (Chem.), phosphorescent substances which shine in the dark after exposure to the sunlight or other intense light.
PHOSPHORUS STEELPhosphorus steel.
Defn: A steel in which the amount of phosphorus exceeds that of carbon.
PHOSPHORYLPhos"phor*yl, n. Etym: [Phosphorus + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: The radical PO, regarded as the typical nucleus of certain compounds.
PHOSPHURETPhos"phu*ret, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A phosphide. [Obsoles.]
PHOSPHURETEDPhos"phu*ret`ed, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Impregnated, or combined, with phosphorus. [Obsoles.] [Written also phosphuretted.] Phosphureted hydrogen. (Chem.) See Phosphine.
PHOTICPho"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)
Defn: Relating to the production of light by the lower animals.
PHOTIC REGIONPhotic region. (Phytogeography)
Defn: The uppermost zone of the sea, which receives the most light.
PHOTICSPho"tics, n. (Physics)
Defn: The science of light; — a general term sometimes employed when optics is restricted to light as a producing vision. Knight.
PHOTISMPho"tism, n. [Gr. illumination.] (Psycol.)
Defn: A luminous image or appearance of a hallucinatory character.
PHOTOPho"to, n.; pl. Photos (.
Defn: A contraction of Photograph. [Colloq.]
PHOTO-Pho"to-.
Defn: A combining form from Gr. fw^s, fwto`s, light; as, photography, phototype, photometer.
PHOTOBACTERIUMPho`to*bac*te"ri*um, n. [NL. See Photo-, and Bacterium.] (Bacteriol.)
Defn: A genus including certain comma-shaped marine bacteria which emit bluish or greenish phosphorescence. Also, any microörganism of this group.
PHOTOBIOTICPho`to*bi*ot"ic, a. Etym: [Photo- + biotic.] (Biol.)
Defn: Requiring light to live; incapable of living without light; as, photobiotic plant cells.
PHOTOCERAMICSPho`to*ce*ram"ics, n.
Defn: Art or process of decorating pottery with photographically prepared designs. — Pho`to*ce*ram"ic (#), a.
PHOTOCHEMICALPho`to*chem"ic*al, a. Etym: [Photo- + chemical.] (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to chemical action of light, or produced by it; as, the photochemical changes of the visual purple of the retina.
PHOTOCHEMISTRYPho`to*chem"is*try, n. Etym: [Photo- + chemistry.] (Chem.)
Defn: The branch of chemistry which relates to the effect of light in producing chemical changes, as in photography.
PHOTOCHROMIC; PHOTOCHROMATICPho`to*chro"mic, Pho`to*chro*mat"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to photochromy; produced by photochromy.
PHOTOCHROMOGRAPHYPho`to*chro*mog"ra*phy, n. [Photo- + Gr. color + -graphy.]
Defn: Art or process of printing colored photographs.
PHOTOCHROMOSCOPEPho`to*chro"mo*scope, n. [Photo-+ Gr. color + -scope.]
1. A device for giving shifting effects of color to a photograph. The unmounted print, made translucent, is illuminated from behind with colored light.
2. A combination of three optical lanterns for projecting objects on a screen in the colors of nature. The images of three partial photographs taken through color screens (red, green, and blue, respectively) are superimposed. Each image is given its own primary color, and these colors blend and reproduce the colors of the object.
PHOTOCHROMOTYPEPho`to*chro"mo*type, n. [Photo-+ Gr. color + -type.]
Defn: A colored print made photomechanically.
PHOTOCHROMOTYPEPho`to*chro"mo*type, v. t.
Defn: To represent by a colored print made by any photomechanical process.
PHOTOCHROMOTYPYPho`to*chro"mo*typ`y, n.
Defn: The art of making photochromotypes.
PHOTOCHROMYPho*toch"ro*my, n. Etym: [Photo- + Gr.
Defn: The art or process of reproducing colors by photography.
PHOTOCHRONOGRAPHPho`to*chron"o*graph, n. [Photo-+ chronograph.]
1. (Physics) An instrument for recording minute intervals of time. The record is made by the power of a magnetic field, due to an electric signaling current, to turn the plane of polarization of light. A flash, coinciding in time and duration with the signal, is thus produced and is photographed on a moving plate.
2. (Astron.) An instrument for the photographic recording of star transits.
PHOTOCHRONOGRAPHYPho`to*chro*nog"ra*phy, n.
Defn: Art of recording or measuring intervals of time by the photochronograph. — Pho`to*chron`o*graph"ic (#), -graph"ic*al (#), a. — -graph"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHOTODROMEPho"to*drome, n. Etym: [Photo- + Gr. (Physics)
Defn: An apparatus consisting of a large wheel with spokes, which when turning very rapidly is illuminated by momentary flashes of light passing through slits in a rotating disk. By properly timing the succession of flashes the wheel is made to appear to be motionless, or to rotate more or less slowly in either direction.
PHOTODYNAMICSPho`to*dy*nam"ics, n. [Photo-+ dynamics.] (Plant Physiol.)
Defn: The relation of light to the movements of plants and their organs; the study of the phenomena of curvatures induced by the stimulus of light. —Pho`to*dy*nam"ic (#), Pho`to*dy*nam"ic*al (#), a.
PHOTO-ELECTRICPho`to-e*lec"tric, a. Etym: [Photo- + electric.]
Defn: Acting by the operation of both light and electricity; — said of apparatus for producing pictures by electric light.
PHOTO-ELECTRIC; PHOTO-ELECTRICALPho`to-e*lec"tric, Pho`to-e*lec"tric*al, a.
Defn: Pert. to, or capable of developing, photo-electricity.
PHOTO-ELECTRIC CELLPhoto-electric cell.
Defn: A cell (as one of two electrodes embedded in selenium) which by exposure to light generates an electric current.
PHOTO-ELECTRICITYPho`to-e*lec*tric"i*ty, n. [Photo-+ electricity.]
Defn: Electricity produced by light.
PHOTO-ELECTROGRAPHPho`to-e*lec"tro*graph, n. [See Photo-; Electrograph.] (Meteor.)
Defn: An electrometer registering by photography.
PHOTO-ELECTROTYPEPho`to-e*lec"tro*type, n. (Print.)
Defn: An electrotype plate formed in a mold made by photographing on prepared gelatine, etc.
PHOTO-ENGRAVEPho`to-en*grave", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Photo-engraved; p. pr. & vb. n.Photo-engraving.] [Photo- + engrave.]
Defn: To engrave by a photomechanical process; to make a photo- engraving of. — Pho`to-en*grav"er (#), n.
PHOTO-ENGRAVINGPho`to-en*grav"ing, n. Etym: [Photo- + engraving.]
Defn: The process of obtaining an etched or engraved plate from the photographic image, to be used in printing; also, a picture produced by such a process.
PHOTO-EPINASTYPho`to-ep"i*nas`ty, n. Etym: [See Photo-, and Epinastic.] (Bot.)
Defn: A disproportionately rapid growth of the upper surface of dorsiventral organs, such as leaves, through the stimulus of exposure to light. Encyc. Brit.
PHOTO-ETCHPho`to-etch", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Photo-etched; p. pr. & vb. n.Photo-etching.] [Photo- + etch.]
Defn: To engrave, or make an engraving of, by any photomechanical process involving etching of the plate.
PHOTO-ETCHINGPho`to-etch"ing, n.
Defn: A photo-engraving produced by any process involving the etching of the plate.
PHOTOGALVANOGRAPHYPho`to*gal`va*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Photo- + galvanography.]
Defn: The art or process of making photo-electrotypes. Sir D.Brewster.
PHOTOGENPho"to*gen, n. Etym: [Photo- + -gen.] (Chem.)
Defn: A light hydrocarbon oil resembling kerosene. It is obtained by distilling coal, paraffin, etc., and is used as a lubricant, illuminant, etc. [Written also photogene.]
PHOTOGENEPho"to*gene, n. Etym: [See Photogen.]
1. A photograph. [Obsoles.]
2. A more or less continued impression or image on the retina. H. Spencer.
PHOTOGENICPho`to*gen"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to photogeny; producing or generating light.
PHOTOGENYPho*tog"e*ny, n. Etym: [See Photogen.]
Defn: See Photography. [Obsoles.]
PHOTOGLYPHICPho`to*glyph"ic, a. Etym: [Photo- + Gr.
Defn: Pertaining to the art of engraving by the action of light. [Written also photoglyptic.] Photoglyphic engraving, a process of etching on copper, steel, or zinc, by means of the action of light and certain chemicals, so that from the plate impressions may be taken. Sir D. Brewster.
PHOTOGLYPHYPho*tog"ly*phy, n.
Defn: Photoglyphic engraving. See under Photoglyphic.
PHOTOGLYPTICPho`to*glyp"tic, a.
Defn: Same as Photoglyphic.
PHOTOGRAMPho"to*gram, n. Etym: [Photo- + -gram.]
Defn: A photograph. [R.]
PHOTOGRAMMETERPho`to*gram"me*ter, n. [See Photogram; -meter.]
Defn: A phototheodolite, or a camera designed for use in photogrammetry. —Pho`to*gram*met"ric (#), Pho`to*gram*met"ric*al (#), a.
PHOTOGRAMMETRYPho`to*gram"me*try, n. [Photogram + metry.]
Defn: A method of surveying or map making by photography, used also in determining the height and motions of clouds, sea waves, and the like.
PHOTOGRAPHPho"to*graph, n. Etym: [Photo- + -graph.]
Defn: A picture or likeness obtained by photography.
PHOTOGRAPHPho"to*graph, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Photographed; p. pr. & vb. n.Photographing.]
Defn: To take a picture or likeness of by means of photography; as, to photograph a view; to photograph a group. He makes his pen drawing on white paper, and they are afterwards photographed on wood. Hamerton.
Note: Also used figuratively.He is photographed on my mind. Lady D. Hardy.
PHOTOGRAPHPho"to*graph, v. i.
Defn: To practice photography; to take photographs.
PHOTOGRAPHERPho*tog"ra*pher, n.
Defn: One who practices, or is skilled in, photography.
PHOTOGRAPHIC; PHOTOGRAPHICAL Pho`to*graph"ic, Pho`to*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. photographique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to photography; obtained by photography; used ib photography; as a photographic picture; a photographic camera. — Pho`to*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. Photographic printing, the process of obtaining pictures, as on chemically prepared paper, from photographic negatives, by exposure to light.
PHOTOGRAPHISTPho*tog"ra*phist, n.
Defn: A photographer.
PHOTOGRAPHOMETERPho*tog"ra*phom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Photograph + -meter.] (Photog.)
Defn: An instrument for determining the sensibility of the plates employed in photographic processes to luminous rays.
PHOTOGRAPHONEPho*tog"ra*phone, n. [See Photograph; -phone.]
Defn: A device, consisting essentially of an electric arc and a camera, by which a series of photographs of the variations of the arc due to sound waves are obtained for reproduction by means of a selenium cell and a telephone.
PHOTOGRAPHYPho*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Photo- + -graphy: cf. F. photographie.]
1. The science which relates to the action of light on sensitive bodies in the production of pictures, the fixation of images, and the like.
2. The art or process of producing pictures by this action of light.
Note: The well-focused optical image is thrown on a surface of metal, glass, paper, or other suitable substance, coated with collodion or gelatin, and sensitized with the chlorides, bromides, or iodides of silver, or other salts sensitive to light. The exposed plate is then treated with reducing agents, as pyrogallic acid, ferrous sulphate, etc., to develop the latent image. The image is then fixed by washing off the excess of unchanged sensitive salt with sodium hyposulphite (thiosulphate) or other suitable reagents.
PHOTOGRAVUREPho`to*grav"ure, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A photoengraving; also, the process by which such a picture is produced.
PHOTOHELIOGRAPHPho`to*he"li*o*graph, n. Etym: [Photo- + heliograph.] (Physics)
Defn: A modified kind of telescope adapted to taking photographs of the sun.
PHOTOHELIOMETERPho`to*he`li*om"e*ter, n. [Photo- + heliometer.] (Astron.)
Defn: A double-lens instrument for measuring slight variations of the sun's diameter by photography, utilizing the common chord of two overlapping images.
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHPho`to*lith"o*graph, n. Etym: [Photo- + lithograph.]
Defn: A lithographic picture or copy from a stone prepared by the aid of photography.
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHPho`to*lith"o*graph, v. t.
Defn: To produce (a picture, a copy) by the process of photolithography.
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHERPho`to*li*thog"ra*pher, n.
Defn: One who practices, or one who employs, photolithography.
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHICPho`to*lith`o*graph"ic, n.
Defn: Of or pertaining to photolithography; produced by photolithography.
PHOTOLITHOGRAPHYPho`to*li*thog"ra*phy, n.
Defn: The art or process of producing photolithographs.
PHOTOLOGIC; PHOTOLOGICALPho`to*log"ic, Pho`to*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to photology, or the doctrine of light.
PHOTOLOGISTPho*tol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One who studies or expounds the laws of light.
PHOTOLOGYPho*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Photo- + -logy: cf. F. photologie.]
Defn: The doctrine or science of light, explaining its nature and phenomena; optics.
PHOTOLUMINESCENTPho`to*lu`mi*nes"cent, a. [Photo- + luminescent.] (Physics)
Defn: Luminescent by exposure to light waves. —Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cence (#), n.
PHOTOMAGNETICPho`to*mag*net"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to photomagnetism.
PHOTOMAGNETISMPho`to*mag"net*ism, n.
Defn: The branch of science which treats of the relation of magnetism to light.
PHOTOMECHANICALPho`to*me*chan"ic*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, any photographic process in which a printing surface is obtained without the intervention of hand engraving.
PHOTOMETERPho*tom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Photo- + -meter: cf. F. photomètre.](Physics)
Defn: An instrument for measuring the intensity of light, or, more especially, for comparing the relative intensities of different lights, or their relative illuminating power.
PHOTOMETRIC; PHOTOMETRICALPho`to*met"ric, Pho`to*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. photométrique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to photometry, or to a photometer.
PHOTOMETRICIANPho*tom`e*tri"cian, n.
Defn: One engaged in the scientific measurement of light.
PHOTOMETRICIAN; PHOTOMETRISTPho*tom`e*tri"cian, Pho*tom"e*trist, n.
Defn: A specialist in photometry.
PHOTOMETRYPho*tom"e*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. photométrie.]
Defn: That branch of science which treats of the measurement of the intensity of light.
PHOTOMEZZOTYPEPho`to*mez"zo*type, n. [Photo-+ It. mezzo middle, half + -type.]
Defn: A photomechanical process similar to collotype.
PHOTOMICROGRAPHPho`to*mi"cro*graph, n. Etym: [Photo- + micro + -graph.]
1. An enlarged or macroscopic photograph of a microscopic object. See Microphotograph.
2. A microscopically small photograph of an object.
PHOTOMICROGRAPHYPho`to*mi*crog"ra*phy, n.
Defn: The art of producing photomicrographs.
PHOTONEPHOGRAPH Pho`to*neph"o*graph (-nef"o*graf), n. [Photo- + Gr. ne`fos a cloud + -graph.] (Meteor.)
Defn: A nephoscope registering by photography, commonly consisting of a pair of cameras used simultaneously.
PHOTOPHILOUSPho*toph"i*lous, n. [Photo-+ Gr. loving.] (Phytogeog.)
Defn: Light-loving; growing in strong light, as many plants.
PHOTOPHOBIAPho`to*pho"bi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A dread or intolerance of light. Sir T. Watson.
PHOTOPHONEPho"to*phone, n. Etym: [Photo- + Gr. (Physics)
Defn: An apparatus for the production of sound by the action of rays of light. A. G. Bell.
PHOTOPHONICPho`to*phon"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to photophone.
PHOTOPHONYPho*toph"o*ny, n.
Defn: The art or practice of using the photophone.
PHOTOPHOREPho"to*phore, n. [Photo- + Gr. to bear.]
1. (Med.) A form of endoscope using an electric light.
2. (Zoöl.) A light-emitting organ; specif., one of the luminous spots on certain marine (mostly deep-sea) fishes.
PHOTOPLAYPho"to*play`, n.
Defn: A play for representation or exhibition by moving pictures; also, the moving-picture representation of a play.
PHOTOPRINTPho"to*print`, n.
Defn: Any print made by a photomechanical process.
PHOTOPSIAPho*top"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: An affection of the eye, in which the patient perceives luminous rays, flashes, coruscations, etc. See phosphene.
PHOTOPSYPho*top"sy, n.
Defn: Same as Photopsia.
PHOTORELIEFPho`to*re*lief", n.
Defn: A printing surface in relief, obtained by photographic means and subsequent manipulations. Knight.
PHOTOSCOPEPho"to*scope, n. Etym: [Photo- + -scope.] (Physics)
Defn: Anything employed for the observation of light or luminous effects.
PHOTOSCOPICPho`to*scop"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the photoscope or its uses.
PHOTOSCULPTUREPho`to*sculp"ture, n. Etym: [Photo- + sculpture.]
Defn: A process in which, by means of a number of photographs simultaneously taken from different points of view on the same level, rough models of the figure or bust of a person or animal may be made with great expedition.
PHOTOSPHEREPho"to*sphere, n. Etym: [Photo- + sphere.]
Defn: A sphere of light; esp., the luminous envelope of the sun.
PHOTOSPHERICPho`to*spher"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the photosphere.
PHOTOSYNTHESISPho`to*syn"the*sis, n. (Plant Physiol.)
Defn: The process of constructive metabolism by which carbohydrates are formed from water vapor and the carbon dioxide of the air in the chlorophyll-containing tissues of plants exposed to the action of light. It was formerly called assimilation, but this is now commonly used as in animal physiology. The details of the process are not yet clearly known. Baeyer's theory is that the carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide, which, uniting with the hydrogen of the water in the cell, produces formaldehyde, the latter forming various sugars through polymerization. Vines suggests that the carbohydrates are secretion products of the chloroplasts, derived from decomposition of previously formed proteids. The food substances are usually quickly translocated, those that accumulate being changed to starch, which appears in the cells almost simultaneously with the sugars. The chloroplasts perform photosynthesis only in light and within a certain range of temperature, varying according to climate. This is the only way in which a plant is able to organize carbohydrates. All plants without a chlorophyll apparatus, as the fungi, must be parasitic or saprophytic. —Pho`to*syn*thet"ic (#), a. — Pho`to*syn*thet"ic*al*ly (#), adv.
PHOTOTAXIS; PHOTOTAXY Pho`to*tax"is, Pho"to*tax`y, n. [NL. phototaxis; photo- + Gr. an arranging.] (Biol.)
Defn: The influence of light on the movements of low organisms, as various infusorians, the zoöspores of certain algæ, etc.; also, the tendency to follow definite directions of motion or assume definite positions under such influence. If the migration is toward the source of light, it is termed positive phototaxis; if away from the light, negative phototaxis. —Pho`to*tac"tic (#), a. —Pho`to*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
PHOTOTELEGRAPHYPho`to*te*leg"ra*phy, n.
Defn: Telegraphy by means of light, as by the heliograph or the photophone. Also, less properly, telephotography. — Pho`to*tel"e*graph (#), n. —Pho`to*tel`e*graph"ic (#), a.
PHOTOTELESCOPEPho`to*tel"e*scope, n. (Astron.)
Defn: A telescope adapted for taking photographs of the heavenly bodies.
PHOTOTHEODOLITEPho`to*the*od"o*lite, n.
Defn: An arrangement of two photographic cameras, the plates of which may be brought into exactly the same plane, used in surveying and map making. From the differences between two pictures taken at the same moment, measurements in all dimensions of the region may be obtained.
PHOTOTHERAPYPho`to*ther"a*py, n. (Med.)
Defn: The application of light for therapeutic purposes, esp. for treating diseases of the skin. — Pho`to*the*rap"ic (#), Pho`to*ther`a*peu"tic (#), a.
PHOTOTHERMICPho`to*ther"mic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to both light and heat.
PHOTOTONUSPho*tot"o*nus, n. Etym: [NL. See Photo-, and Tone.] (Bot.)
Defn: A motile condition in plants resulting from exposure to light.— Pho`to*ton"ic, a.
PHOTOTOPOGRAPHYPho`to*to*pog"ra*phy, n.
Defn: Photogrammetry. — Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic (#),Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic*al (#), a.
PHOTOTRICHROMATICPho`to*tri`chro*mat"ic, a. [Photo- + tri- + chromatic.]
Defn: Designating a photomechanical process for making reproductions in natural colors by three printings.
PHOTOTROPICPho`to*trop"ic, a. Etym: [Photo- + Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: Same as Heliotropic.
PHOTOTROPISMPho*tot"ro*pism, n. [Photo-+ Gr. to turn.] (Plant Physiol.)
Defn: The tendency of growing plant organs to move or curve under the influence of light. In ordinary use the term is practically synonymous with heliotropism.
PHOTOTYPEPho"to*type, n. Etym: [Photo- + -type.]
Defn: A plate or block with a printing surface (usually in relief) obtained from a photograph; also, any one of the many methods of processes by which such a printing surface is obtained.
PHOTOTYPICPho`to*typ"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a phototype or phototypy.
PHOTOTYPOGRAPHYPho`to*ty*pog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Photo- + typography.]
Defn: Same as Phototypy.
PHOTOTYPYPho*tot"y*py, n.
Defn: The art or process of producing phototypes.
PHOTOVISUALPho`to*vis"u*al, a. (Optics)
Defn: Of certain achromatic lenses, having the same focus for the actinic and for the brightest of the visual rays.
PHOTOXYLOGRAPHYPho`to*xy*log"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Photo- + xylography.]
Defn: The process of producing a representation of an object on wood, by photography, for the use of the wood engraver.
PHOTOZINCOGRAPHPho`to*zin"co*graph, n.
Defn: A print made by photozincography.— Pho`to*zin`co*graph"ic, a.
PHOTOZINCOGRAPHYPho`to*zin*cog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Photo- + zincography.]
Defn: A process, analogous to photolithography, for reproducing photographed impressions transferred to zinc plate.
PHRAGMOCONEPhrag"mo*cone, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The thin chambered shell attached to the anterior end of a belemnite. [Written also phragmacone.]
PHRAGMOSIPHONPhrag`mo*si"phon, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The siphon of a phragmocone.
PHRASALPhras"al, a.
Defn: Of the nature of a phrase; consisting of a phrase; as, a phrasal adverb. Earlc.
PHRASEPhrase, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. phrasis diction, phraseology, Gr.
1. A brief expression, sometimes a single word, but usually two or more words forming an expression by themselves, or being a portion of a sentence; as, an adverbial phrase. "Convey" the wise it call. "Steal!" foh! a fico for the phrase. Shak.
2. A short, pithy expression; especially, one which is often employed; a peculiar or idiomatic turn of speech; as, to err is human.
3. A mode or form of speech; the manner or style in which any one expreses himself; diction; expression. "Phrases of the hearth." Tennyson. Thou speak'st In better phrase and matter than thou didst. Shak.
4. (Mus.)
Defn: A short clause or portion of a period.
Note: A composition consists first of sentences, or periods; these are subdivided into sections, and these into phrases. Phrase book, a book of idiomatic phrases. J. S. Blackie.
PHRASEPhrase, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phrased; p. pr. & vb. n. Phrasing.] Etym:[Cf. F. phraser.]
Defn: To express in words, or in peculiar words; to call; to style."These suns — for so they phrase 'em." Shak.
PHRASEPhrase, v. i.
1. To use proper or fine phrases. [R.]
2. (Mus.)
Defn: To group notes into phrases; as, he phrases well. See Phrase, n., 4.
PHRASELESSPhrase"less, a.
Defn: Indescribable. Shak.
PHRASEOGRAMPhra"se*o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. -gram.] (Phonography)
Defn: A symbol for a phrase.
PHRASEOLOGIC; PHRASEOLOGICALPhra`se*o*log"ic, Phra`se*o*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to phraseology; consisting of a peculiar form of words. "This verbal or phraseological answer." Bp. Pearson.
PHRASEOLOGISTPhra`se*ol"o*gist, n.
Defn: A collector or coiner of phrases.
PHRASEOLOGYPhra`se*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. phraséologie.]
1. Manner of expression; peculiarity of diction; style. Most completely national in his . . . phraseology. I. Taylor.
2. A collection of phrases; a phrase book. [R.]
Syn.— Diction; style. See Diction.
PHRASINGPhras"ing, n.
1. Method of expression; association of words.
2. (Mus.)
Defn: The act or method of grouping the notes so as to form distinct musical phrases.
PHRATRYPhra"try, n.; pl. Phratries. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)
Defn: A subdivision of a phyle, or tribe, in Athens.
PHREATICPhre*at"ic, a. Etym: [F. phréatique, from Gr. (Geol.)
Defn: Subterranean; — applied to sources supplying wells.
PHRENETIC; PHRENETICAL Phre*net"ic, Phre*net"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. phreneticus, Gr. phrénétique. See Frantic, and cf. Frenetic.]
Defn: Relating to phrenitis; suffering from frenzy; delirious; mad;frantic; frenetic.— Phre*net"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHRENETICPhre*net"ic, n.
Defn: One who is phrenetic. Harvey.
PHRENICPhren"ic, a.Etym: [Gr. phrénique.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the diaphragm; diaphragmatic; as, the phrenic nerve.
PHRENICSPhren"ics, n.
Defn: That branch of science which relates to the mind; mental philosophy. [R.]
PHRENISMPhre"nism, n. Etym: [See Phrenic.] (Biol.)
Defn: See Vital force, under Vital.
PHRENITISPhre*ni"tis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.
1. (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the brain, or of the meninges of the brain, attended with acute fever and delirium; — called also cephalitis.
2. See Frenzy.
PHRENOGRAPHPhre"no*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.] (Physiol.)
Defn: An instrument for registering the movements of the diaphragm, or midriff, in respiration.
PHRENOLOGERPhre*nol"o*ger, n.
Defn: A phrenologist.
PHRENOLOGICPhren`o*log"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phrénologique.]
Defn: Phrenological.
PHRENOLOGICALPhren`o*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to phrenology.— Phren`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHRENOLOGISTPhre*nol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. phrénologiste.]
Defn: One versed in phrenology; a craniologist.
PHRENOLOGYPhre*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. phrénologie.]
1. The science of the special functions of the several parts of the brain, or of the supposed connection between the various faculties of the mind and particular organs in the brain.
2. In popular usage, the physiological hypothesis of Gall, that the mental faculties, and traits of character, are shown on the surface of the head or skull; craniology.
Note: Gall marked out on his model of the head the places of twenty- six organs, as round inclosures with vacant interspaces. Spurzheim and Combe divided the whole scalp into oblong and conterminous patches. Encyc. Brit.
PHRENOMAGNETISMPhre`no*mag"net*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. magnetism.]
Defn: The power of exciting the organs of the brain by magnetic or mesmeric influence.
PHRENOSINPhre"no*sin, n. Etym: [See Phrenic.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A nitrogenous body, related to cerebrin, supposed to exist in the brain.
PHRENSIEDPhren"sied, p. p. & a.
Defn: See Frenzied.
PHRENSYPhren"sy, n.
Defn: Violent and irrational excitement; delirium. See Frenzy.
PHRENSYPhren"sy, v. t.