BARBACANBar"ba*can, n.
Defn: See Barbican.
BARBACANAGEBar"ba*can*age, n.
Defn: See Barbicanage.
BARBADIANBar*ba"di*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Barbados.— n.
Defn: A native of Barbados.
BARBADOS; BARBADOESBar*ba"dos or Bar*ba"does, n.
Defn: A West Indian island, giving its name to a disease, to a cherry, etc. Barbados cherry (Bot.), a genus of trees of the West Indies (Malpighia) with an agreeably acid fruit resembling a cherry. — Barbados leg (Med.), a species of elephantiasis incident to hot climates. — Barbados nuts, the seeds of the Jatropha curcas, a plant growing in South America and elsewhere. The seeds and their acrid oil are used in medicine as a purgative. See Physic nut.
BARBARABar"ba*ra, n. Etym: [Coined by logicians.] (Logic)
Defn: The first word in certain mnemonic lines which represent the various forms of the syllogism. It indicates a syllogism whose three propositions are universal affirmatives. Whately.
BARBARESQUEBar`ba*resque", a.
Defn: Barbaric in form or style; as, barbaresque architecture. DeQuincey.
BARBARIANBar*ba"ri*an, n. Etym: [See Barbarous.]
1. A foreigner. [Historical] Therefore if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be unto him that speaketh a barbarian, and he that speaketh shall be a barbarian unto me.
2. A man in a rule, savage, or uncivilized state.
3. A person destitute of culture. M. Arnold.
4. A cruel, savage, brutal man; one destitute of pity or humanity. "Thou fell barbarian." Philips.
BARBARIANBar*ba"ri*an, a.
Defn: Of, or pertaining to, or resembling, barbarians; rude; uncivilized; barbarous; as, barbarian governments or nations.
BARBARICBar*ba"ric, a. Etym: [L. barbaricus foreign, barbaric, Gr. .]
1. Of, or from, barbarian nations; foreign; — often with reference to barbarous nations of east. "Barbaric pearl and gold." Milton.
2. Of or pertaining to, or resembling, an uncivilized person or people; barbarous; barbarian; destitute of refinement. "Wild, barbaric music." Sir W. Scott.
BARBARISMBar"ba*rism, n. Etym: [L. barbarismus, Gr.; cf. F. barbarisme.]
1. An uncivilized state or condition; rudeness of manners; ignorance of arts, learning, and literature; barbarousness. Prescott.
2. A barbarous, cruel, or brutal action; an outrage. A heinous barbarism . . . against the honor of marriage. Milton.
3. An offense against purity of style or language; any form of speech contrary to the pure idioms of a particular language. See Solecism. The Greeks were the first that branded a foreign term in any of their writers with the odious name of barbarism. G. Campbell.
BARBARITYBar*bar"i*ty, n.; pl. Barbarities. Etym: [From Barbarous.]
Defn: The state or manner of a barbarian; lack of civilization.
2. Cruelty; ferociousness; inhumanity. Treating Christians with a barbarity which would have shocked the very Moslem. Macaulay.
3. A barbarous or cruel act.
4. Barbarism; impurity of speech. [Obs.] Swift.
BARBARIZEBar"ba*rize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Barbarized (; p. pr. & vb. n.Barbarizing (.]
1. To become barbarous. The Roman empire was barbarizing rapidly from the time of Trajan. De Quincey.
2. To adopt a foreign or barbarous mode of speech. The ill habit . . . of wretched barbarizing against the Latin and Greek idiom, with their untutored Anglicisms. Milton.
BARBARIZEBar"ba*rize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. barbariser, LL. barbarizare.]
Defn: To make barbarous.The hideous changes which have barbarized France. Burke.
BARBAROUS Bar"ba*rous, a. Etym: [L. barbarus, Gr. , strange, foreign; later, slavish, rude, ignorant; akin to L. balbus stammering, Skr. barbara stammering, outlandish. Cf. Brave, a.]
1. Being in the state of a barbarian; uncivilized; rude; peopled with barbarians; as, a barbarous people; a barbarous country.
2. Foreign; adapted to a barbaric taste.[Obs.] Barbarous gold. Dryden.
3. Cruel; ferocious; inhuman; merciless. By their barbarous usage he died within a few days, to the grief of all that knew him. Clarendon.
4. Contrary to the pure idioms of a language. A barbarous expression G. Campbell.
Syn. — Uncivilized; unlettered; uncultivated; untutored; ignorant; merciless; brutal. See Ferocious.
BARBAROUSLYBar"ba*rous*ly, adv.
Defn: In a barbarous manner.
BARBAROUSNESSBar"ba*rous*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being barbarous; barbarity; barbarism.
BARBARYBar"ba*ry, n. Etym: [Fr. Ar. Barbar the people of Barbary.]
Defn: The countries on the north coast of Africa from Egypt to the Atlantic. Hence: A Barbary horse; a barb. [Obs.] Also, a kind of pigeon. Barbary ape (Zoöl.), an ape (Macacus innus) of north Africa and Gibraltar Rock, being the only monkey inhabiting Europe. It is very commonly trained by showmen.
BARBASTELBar"ba*stel`, n. Etym: [F. barbastelle.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A European bat (Barbastellus communis), with hairy lips.
BARBATEBar"bate, a. Etym: [L. barbatus, fr. barba beard. See Barb beard.](Bot.)
Defn: Bearded; beset with long and weak hairs.
BARBATEDBar"ba*ted, a.
Defn: Having barbed points.A dart uncommonly barbated. T. Warton.
BARBECUE Bar"be*cue, n. Etym: [In the language of Indians of Guiana, a frame on which all kinds of flesh and fish are roasted or smoke-dried.]
1. A hog, ox, or other large animal roasted or broiled whole for a feast.
2. A social entertainment, where many people assemble, usually in the open air, at which one or more large animals are roasted or broiled whole.
3. A floor, on which coffee beans are sun-dried.
BARBECUEBar"be*cue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barbecued (; p. pr. & vb. n.Barbecuing.]
1. To dry or cure by exposure on a frame or gridiron. They use little or no salt, but barbecue their game and fish in the smoke. Stedman.
2. To roast or broil whole, as an ox or hog. Send me, gods, a whole hog barbecued. Pope.
BARBEDBarbed, a. Etym: [See 4th Bare.]
Defn: Accoutered with defensive armor; — said of a horse. See Barded ( which is the proper form.) Sir W. Raleigh.
BARBEDBarbed, a.
Defn: Furnished with a barb or barbs; as, a barbed arrow; barbed wire. Barbed wire, a wire, or a strand of twisted wires, armed with barbs or sharp points. It is used for fences.
BARBEL Bar"bel, n.Etym: [OE. barbel, F. barbeau, dim. of L. barbus barbel, fr. barba beard. See 1st Barb.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A slender tactile organ on the lips of certain fished.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large fresh-water fish ( Barbus vulgaris) found in manyEuropean rivers. Its upper jaw is furnished with four barbels.
3. pl.
Defn: Barbs or paps under the tongued of horses and cattle. See 1stBarb, 3.
BARBELLATEBar"bel*late, a. Etym: [See 1st Barb.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having short, stiff hairs, often barbed at the point. Gray.
BARBELLULATEBar*bel"lu*late, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Barbellate with diminutive hairs or barbs.
BARBER Bar"ber, n. Etym: [OE. barbour, OF. barbeor, F. barbier, as if fr. an assumed L. barbator, fr. barba beard. See 1st Barb.]
Defn: One whose occupation it is to shave or trim the beard, and to cut and dress the hair of his patrons. Barber's itch. See under Itch.
Note: Formerly the barber practiced some offices of surgery, such as letting blood and pulling teeth. Hence such terms as barber surgeon ( old form barber chirurgeon), barber surgery, etc.
BARBERBar"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barbered (p. pr. & vb. n. Barbering.]
Defn: To shave and dress the beard or hair of. Shak.
BARBER FISHBar"ber fish. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Surgeon fish.
BARBERMONGERBar"ber*mon`ger, n.
Defn: A fop. [Obs.]
BARBERRYBar"ber*ry, n. Etym: [OE. barbarin, barbere, OF. berbere.] (Bot.)
Defn: A shrub of the genus Berberis, common along roadsides and in neglected fields. B. vulgaris is the species best known; its oblong red berries are made into a preserve or sauce, and have been deemed efficacious in fluxes and fevers. The bark dyes a fine yellow, esp. the bark of the root. [Also spelt berberry.]
BARBET Bar"bet, n. Etym: [F. barbet, fr.barbe beard, long hair of certain animals. See Barb beard.] (Zoöl.) (a) A variety of small dog, having long curly hair. (b) A bird of the family Bucconidæ, allied to the Cuckoos, having a large, conical beak swollen at the base, and bearded with five bunches of stiff bristles; the puff bird. It inhabits tropical America and Africa. (c) A larva that feeds on aphides.
BARBETTEBar*bette", n. Etym: [F. Cf. Barbet.] (Fort.)
Defn: A mound of earth or a platform in a fortification, on which guns are mounted to fire over the parapet. En barbette, In barbette, said of guns when they are elevated so as to fire over the top of a parapet, and not through embrasures. — Barbette gun, or Barbette battery, a single gun, or a number of guns, mounted in barbette, or partially protected by a parapet or turret. — Barbette carriage, a gun carriage which elevates guns sufficiently to be in barbette. [See Illust. of Casemate.]
BARBICAN; BARBACAN Bar"bi*can, Bar"ba*can, n. Etym: [OE. barbican, barbecan, F. barbacane, LL. barbacana, barbicana, of uncertain origin: cf. Ar. barbakh aqueduct, sewer. F. barbacane also means, an opening to let out water, loophole.]
1. ( Fort.) A tower or advanced work defending the entrance to a castle or city, as at a gate or bridge. It was often large and strong, having a ditch and drawbridge of its own.
2. An opening in the wall of a fortress, through which missiles were discharged upon an enemy.
BARBICANAGE; BARBACANAGEBar"bi*can*age, Bar"ba*can*age, n. Etym: [LL. barbicanagium. SeeBarbican.]
Defn: Money paid for the support of a barbican. [Obs.]
BARBICELBar"bi*cel, n. Etym: [NL. barbicella, dim. of L. barba. See 1stBarb.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the small hooklike processes on the barbules of feathers.
BARBIERSBar"biers, n. (Med.)
Defn: A variety of paralysis, peculiar to India and the Malabar coast; — considered by many to be the same as beriberi in chronic form.
BARBIGEROUSBar*big"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. barba a beard + gerous.]
Defn: Having a beard; bearded; hairy.
BARBITONBar"bi*ton, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. .] (Mus.)
Defn: An ancient Greek instrument resembling a lyre.
BARBITURIC ACIDBar`bi*tu"ric ac"id. (Chem.)
Defn: A white, crystalline substance,
BARBIZON SCHOOL; BARBISON SCHOOLBar`bi`zon" school or Bar`bi`son" school. (Painting)
Defn: A French school of the middle of the 19th century centering in the village of Barbizon near the forest of Fontainebleau. Its members went straight to nature in disregard of academic tradition, treating their subjects faithfully and with poetic feeling for color, light, and atmosphere. It is exemplified, esp. in landscapes, by Corot, Rousseau, Daubigny, Jules Dupré, and Diaz. Associated with them are certain painters of animals, as Troyon and Jaque, and of peasant life, as Millet and Jules Breton.
BARBLEBar"ble, n.
Defn: See Barbel.
BARBOTINEBar"bo*tine, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A paste of clay used in decorating coarse pottery in relief.
BARBREBar"bre, a.
Defn: Barbarian. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BARBULEBar"bule, n. Etym: [L. barbula, fr. barba beard.]
1. A very minute barb or beard. Booth.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the processes along the edges of the barbs of a feather, by which adjacent barbs interlock. See Feather.
BARCAROLLE Bar"ca*rolle, n. Etym: [F. barcarolle, fr. It. barcaruola, fr. barca bark, barge.] (Mus.) (a) A popular song or melody sung by Venetian gondoliers. (b) A piece of music composed in imitation of such a song.
BARCONBar"con, n. Etym: [It. barcone, fr. barca a bark.]
Defn: A vessel for freight; — used in Mediterranean.
BARDBard, n. Etym: [Of Celtic origin; cf. W. bardd, Arm. barz, Ir. &Gael. bard, and F. barde.]
1. A professional poet and singer, as among the ancient Celts, whose occupation was to compose and sing verses in honor of the heroic achievements of princes and brave men.
2. Hence: A poet; as, the bard of Avon.
BARD; BARDEBard, Barde, n. Etym: [F. barde, of doubtful origin.]
1. A piece of defensive (or, sometimes, ornamental) armor for a horse's neck, breast, and flanks; a barb. [Often in the pl.]
2. pl.
Defn: Defensive armor formerly worn by a man at arms.
3. (Cookery)
Defn: A thin slice of fat bacon used to cover any meat or game.
BARDBard, v. t. (Cookery)
Defn: To cover (meat or game) with a thin slice of fat bacon.
BARD Bard, n. Etym: [Akin to Dan. & Sw. bark, Icel. börkr, LG. & HG. borke.]
1. The exterior covering of the trunk and branches of a tree; the rind.
2. Specifically, Peruvian bark. Bark bed. See Bark stove (below). — Bark pit, a pit filled with bark and water, in which hides are steeped in tanning. — Bark stove (Hort.), a glazed structure for keeping tropical plants, having a bed of tanner's bark (called a bark bed) or other fermentable matter which produces a moist heat.
BARDEDBard"ed, p.a. Etym: [See Bard horse armor.]
1. Accoutered with defensive armor; — said of a horse.
2. (Her.)
Defn: Wearing rich caparisons.Fifteen hundred men . . . barded and richly trapped. Stow.
BARDICBard"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to bards, or their poetry. "The bardic lays of ancient Greece." G. P. Marsh.
BARDIGLIOBar*di"glio, n. [It.]
Defn: An Italian marble of which the principal varieties occur in the neighborhood of Carrara and in Corsica. It commonly shows a dark gray or bluish ground traversed by veins.
BARDISHBard"ish, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or written by, a bard or bards. "Bardish impostures." Selden.
BARDISMBard"ism, n.
Defn: The system of bards; the learning and maxims of bards.
BARDLINGBard"ling, n.
Defn: An inferior bard. J. Cunningham.
BARDSHIPBard"ship, n.
Defn: The state of being a bard.
BARE Bare, a. Etym: [OE. bar, bare, AS. bær; akin to D. & G. baar, OHG. par, Icel. berr, Sw. & Dan. bar, OSlav. bos barefoot, Lith. basas; cf. Skr. bhas to shine
1. Without clothes or covering; stripped of the usual covering; naked; as, his body is bare; the trees are bare.
2. With head uncovered; bareheaded. When once thy foot enters the church, be bare. Herbert.
3. Without anything to cover up or conceal one's thoughts or actions; open to view; exposed. Bare in thy guilt, how foul must thou appear ! Milton.
4. Plain; simple; unadorned; without polish; bald; meager. "Uttering bare truth." Shak.
5. Destitute; indigent; empty; unfurnished or scantily furnished; — used with of (rarely with in) before the thing wanting or taken away; as, a room bare of furniture. "A bare treasury." Dryden.
6. Threadbare; much worn. It appears by their bare liveries that they live by your bare words. Shak.
7. Mere; alone; unaccompanied by anything else; as, a bare majority."The bare necessaries of life." Addison.Nor are men prevailed upon by bare of naked truth. South.Under bare poles (Naut.), having no sail set.
BAREBare, n.
1. Surface; body; substance. [R.] You have touched the very bare of naked truth. Marston.
2. (Arch.)
Defn: That part of a roofing slate, shingle, tile, or metal plate, which is exposed to the weather.
BARE Bare, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bared(p. pr. & vb. n. Baring.] Etym: [AS. barian. See Bare, a.]
Defn: To strip off the covering of; to make bare; as, to bare the breast.
BAREBare.
Defn: Bore; the old preterit of Bear, v.
BAREBACKBare"back`, adv.
Defn: On the bare back of a horse, without using a saddle; as, to ride bareback.
BAREBACKEDBare"backed`, a.
Defn: Having the back uncovered; as, a barebacked horse.
BAREBONEBare"bone`, n.
Defn: A very lean person; one whose bones show through the skin.Shak.
BAREFACEDBare"faced`, a.
1. With the face uncovered; not masked. "You will play barefaced." Shak.
2. Without concealment; undisguised. Hence: Shameless; audacious. "Barefaced treason." J. Baillie.
BAREFACEDLYBare"faced`ly, adv.
Defn: Openly; shamelessly. Locke.
BAREFACEDNESSBare"faced`ness, n.
Defn: The quality of being barefaced; shamelessness; assurance; audaciousness.
BAREFOOTBare"foot, a. & adv.
Defn: With the feet bare; without shoes or stockings.
BAREFOOTEDBare"foot`ed, a.
Defn: Having the feet bare.
BAREGEBa*rége", n. Etym: [F. barége, so called from Baréges, a town in thePyrenees.]
Defn: A gauzelike fabric for ladies' dresses, veils, etc. of worsted, silk and worsted, or cotton and worsted.
BAREHANDEDBare"hand`ed, n.
Defn: Having bare hands.
BAREHEADED; BAREHEADBare"head`ed, Bare"head, a. & adv.
Defn: Having the head uncovered; as, a bareheaded girl.
BARELEGGEDBare"legged`, a.
Defn: Having the legs bare.
BARELYBare"ly, adv.
1. Without covering; nakedly.
2. Without concealment or disguise.
3. Merely; only. R. For now his son is duke. W. Barely in title, not in revenue. Shak.
4. But just; without any excess; with nothing to spare ( of quantity, time, etc.); hence, scarcely; hardly; as, there was barely enough for all; he barely escaped.
BARENECKEDBare"necked`, a.
Defn: Having the neck bare.
BARENESSBare"ness, n.
Defn: The state of being bare.
BARESARKBare"sark, n. Etym: [Literally, bare sark or shirt.]
Defn: A Berserker, or Norse warrior who fought without armor, or shirt of mail. Hence, adverbially: Without shirt of mail or armor.
BARFISHBar"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Calico bass.
BARFULBar"ful, a.
Defn: Full of obstructions. [Obs.] Shak.
BARGAIN Bar"gain, n. Etym: [OE. bargayn, bargany, OF. bargaigne, bargagne, prob. from a supposed LL. barcaneum, fr. barca a boat which carries merchandise to the shore; hence, to traffic to and fro, to carry on commerce in general. See Bark a vessel. ]
1. An agreement between parties concerning the sale of property; or a contract by which one party binds himself to transfer the right to some property for a consideration, and the other party binds himself to receive the property and pay the consideration. A contract is a bargain that is legally binding. Wharton.
2. An agreement or stipulation; mutual pledge. And whon your honors mean to solemnize The bargain of your faith. Shak.
3. A purchase; also ( when not qualified), a gainful transaction; an advantageous purchase; as, to buy a thing at a bargain.
4. The thing stipulated or purchased; also, anything bought cheap. She was too fond of her most filthy bargain. Shak. Bargain and sale (Law), a species of conveyance, by which the bargainor contracts to convey the lands to the bargainee, and becomes by such contract a trustee for and seized to the use of the bargainee. The statute then completes the purchase; i.e., the bargain vests the use, and the statute vests the possession. Blackstone. — Into the bargain, over and above what is stipulated; besides. — To sell bargains, to make saucy ( usually indelicate) repartees. [Obs.] Swift. — To strike a bargain, to reach or ratify an agreement. "A bargain was struck." Macaulay.
Syn.— Contract; stipulation; purchase; engagement.
BARGAIN Bar"gain, v. i. Etym: [OE. barganien, OF. bargaigner, F. barguigner, to hesitate, fr. LL. barcaniare. See Bargain, n.]
Defn: To make a bargain; to make a contract for the exchange ofproperty or services; — followed by with and for; as, to bargainwith a farmer for a cow.So worthless peasants bargain for their wives. Shak.
BARGAINBar"gain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Bargained (p. pr. & vb. n. Bargaining.]
Defn: To transfer for a consideration; to barter; to trade; as, to bargain one horse for another. To bargain away, to dispose of in a bargain; — usually with a sense of loss or disadvantage; as, to bargain away one's birthright. "The heir . . . had somehow bargained away the estate." G. Eliot.
BARGAINEEBar`gain*ee", n. Etym: [OF. bargaigné, p.p. See Bargain, v. i.] (Law)
Defn: The party to a contract who receives, or agrees to receive, the property sold. Blackstone.
BARGAINERBar"gain*er, n.
Defn: One who makes a bargain; — sometimes in the sense of bargainor.
BARGAINORBar`gain*or", n. (Law)
Defn: One who makes a bargain, or contracts with another; esp., one who sells, or contracts to sell, property to another. Blackstone.
BARGEBarge, n. Etym: [OF. barge, F. berge, fr. LL. barca, for barica (notfound), prob. fr. L. baris an Egyptian rowboat, fr. Gr. , prob. fr.Egyptian: cf. Coptic bari a boat. Cf. Bark a vessel.]
1. A pleasure boat; a vessel or boat of state, elegantly furnished and decorated.
2. A large, roomy boat for the conveyance of passengers or goods; as, a ship's barge; a charcoal barge.
3. A large boat used by flag officers.
4. A double-decked passenger or freight vessel, towed by a steamboat. [U.S.]
5. A large omnibus used for excursions. [Local, U.S.]
BARGEBOARD Barge"board`, n. Etym: [Perh. corrup. of vergeboard; or cf. LL. bargus a kind of gallows.]
Defn: A vergeboard.
BARGECOURSEBarge"course`, n. Etym: [See Bargeboard.] (Arch.)
Defn: A part of the tiling which projects beyond the principal rafters, in buildings where there is a gable. Gwilt.
BARGEEBar*gee", n.
Defn: A bargeman. [Eng.]
BARGEMANBarge"man, n.
Defn: The man who manages a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.
BARGEMASTTERBarge"mast`ter, n.
Defn: The proprietor or manager of a barge, or one of the crew of a barge.
BARGERBar"ger, n.
Defn: The manager of a barge. [Obs.]
BARGHEST Bar"ghest`, n. Etym: [Perh. G. berg mountain + geist demon, or bär a bear + geist.]
Defn: A goblin, in the shape of a large dog, portending misfortune.[Also written barguest.]
BARIABa"ri*a, n. Etym: [Cf. Barium.] (Chem.)
Defn: Baryta.
BARICBar"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to barium; as, baric oxide.
BARICBar"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. weight.] (Physics)
Defn: Of or pertaining to weight, esp. to the weight or pressure of the atmosphere as measured by the barometer.
BARILLABa*ril"la, n. Etym: [Sp. barrilla.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A name given to several species of Salsola from which soda is made, by burning the barilla in heaps and lixiviating the ashes.
2. (Com.) (a) The alkali produced from the plant, being an impure carbonate of soda, used for making soap, glass, etc., and for bleaching purposes. (b) Impure soda obtained from the ashes of any seashore plant, or kelp. Ure. Copper barilla (Min.), native copper in granular form mixed with sand, an ore brought from Bolivia; — called also Barilla de cobre.
BARILLETBar"il*let, n. Etym: [F., dim. of baril barrel.]
Defn: A little cask, or something resembling one. Smart.
BAR IRONBar" i`ron.
Defn: See under Iron.
BARITEBa"rite, n. (Min.)
Defn: Native sulphate of barium, a mineral occurring in transparent, colorless, white to yellow crystals (generally tabular), also in granular form, and in compact massive forms resembling marble. It has a high specific gravity, and hence is often called heavy spar. It is a common mineral in metallic veins.
BARITONEBar"i*tone, a. & n.
Defn: See Barytone.
BARIUMBa"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. bary`s heavy.] (Chem.)
Defn: One of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. It is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. Atomic weight, 137. Symbol, Ba. Its oxide called baryta. [Rarely written barytum.]
Note: Some of the compounds of this element are remarkable for their high specific gravity, as the sulphate, called heavy spar, and the like. The oxide was called barote, by Guyton de Morveau, which name was changed by Lavoisier to baryta, whence the name of the metal.
BARKBark, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barked (p. pr. & vb. n. Barking.]
1. To strip the bark from; to peel.
2. To abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as to bark one's heel.
3. To girdle. See Girdle, v. t., 3.
4. To cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark; as, to bark the roof of a hut.
BARK Bark, v. i. Etym: [OE. berken, AS. beorcan; akin to Icel. berkja, and prob. to E. break.]
1. To make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs; — said of some animals, but especially of dogs.
2. To make a clamor; to make importunate outcries. They bark, and say the Scripture maketh heretics. Tyndale. Where there is the barking of the belly, there no other commands will be heard, much less obeyed. Fuller.
BARKBark, n.
Defn: The short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other animals.
BARK; BARQUE Bark, Barque, n. Etym: [F. barque, fr. Sp. or It. barca, fr. LL. barca for barica. See Barge.]
1. Formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. Now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind. Byron.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: A three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast squarerigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged.
BARKANTINEBark"an*tine, n.
Defn: Same as Barkentine.
BARK BEETLEBark" bee`tle. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A small beetle of many species (family Scolytidæ), which in the larval state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.
BARKBOUNDBark"bound`, a.
Defn: Prevented from growing, by having the bark too firm or close.
BARKEEPERBar"keep`er, n.
Defn: One who keeps or tends a bar for the sale of liquors.
BARKENBark"en, a.
Defn: Made of bark. [Poetic] Whittier.
BARKENTINEBark"en*tine, n. Etym: [See Bark, n., a vessel.] (Naut.)
Defn: A threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [Spelled also barquentine, barkantine, etc.] See Illust. in Append.
BARKERBark"er, n.
1. An animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.
2. One who stands at the doors of shops to urg [Cant, Eng.]
3. A pistol. [Slang] Dickens.
4. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The spotted redshank.
BARKERBark"er, n.
Defn: One who strips trees of their bark.
BARKER'S MILLBark"er's mill`. Etym: [From Dr. Barker, the inventor.]
Defn: A machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction wheel. The water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its axis.
BARKERYBark"er*y, n.
Defn: A tanhouse.
BARKING IRONSBark"ing i`rons.
1. Instruments used in taking off the bark of trees. Gardner.
2. A pair of pistols. [Slang]
BARKLESSBark"less, a.
Defn: Destitute of bark.
BARK LOUSEBark" louse`. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An insect of the family Coccidæ, which infests the bark of trees and vines.
Note: The wingless females assume the shape of scales. The bark louse of vine is Pulvinaria innumerabilis; that of the pear is Lecanium pyri. See Orange scale.
BARKYBark"y, a.
Defn: Covered with, or containing, bark. "The barky fingers of the elm." Shak.
BARLEY Bar"ley, n. Etym: [OE. barli, barlich, AS. bærlic; bere barley + lic (which is prob. the same as E. like, adj., or perh. a form of AS. leac leek). AS. bere is akin to Icel, barr barley, Goth. barizeins made of barley, L. far spelt; cf. W. barlys barley, bara bread. Farina, 6th Bear.] (Bot.)
Defn: A valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus Hordeum, used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky. Barley bird (Zoöl.), the siskin. — Barley sugar, sugar boiled till it is brittle (formerly with a decoction of barley) and candied. — Barley water, a decoction of barley, used in medicine, as a nutritive and demulcent.
BARLEYBRAKE; BARLEYBREAKBar"ley*brake` Bar"ley*break`, n.
Defn: An ancient rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a goal.
BARLEY-BREEBar"ley-bree`, n. Etym: [Lit. barley broth. See Brew.]
Defn: Liquor made from barley; strong ale. [Humorous] [Scot.] Burns.
BARLEYCORNBar"ley*corn`, n. Etym: [See Corn.]
1. A grain or "corn" of barley.
2. Formerly , a measure of length, equal to the average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch. John Barleycorn, a humorous personification of barley as the source of malt liquor or whisky.
BARM Barm, n. Etym: [OE. berme, AS. beorma; akin to Sw. bärma, G. bärme, and prob. L. fermenium. *93.]
Defn: Foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast. Shak.
BARM Barm, n. Etym: [OE. bearm, berm, barm, AS. beorma; akin to E. bear to support.]
Defn: The lap or bosom. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BARMAIDBar"maid`, n.
Defn: A girl or woman who attends the customers of a bar, as in atavern or beershop.A bouncing barmaid. W. Irving.
BARMASTERBar"mas`ter, n. Etym: [Berg + master: cf. G. Bergmeister.]
Defn: Formerly, a local judge among miners; now, an officer of the barmote. [Eng.]
BARMCLOTHBarm"cloth`, n.
Defn: Apron. [Obs.] Chaucer.
BARMECIDALBar"me*ci`dal, a. Etym: [See Barmecide.]
Defn: Unreal; illusory. "A sort of Barmecidal feast." Hood.
BARMECIDE Bar"me*cide, n. Etym: [A prince of the Barmecide family, who, as related in the "Arabian Nights' Tales", pretended to set before the hungry Shacabac food, on which the latter pretended to feast.]
Defn: One who proffers some illusory advantage or benefit. Also used as an adj.: Barmecidal. "A Barmecide feast." Dickens.
BARMOTEBar"mote`, n. Etym: [Barg + mote meeting.]
Defn: A court held in Derbyshire, in England, for deciding controversies between miners. Blount.
BARMYBarm"y, a.
Defn: Full of barm or froth; in a ferment. "Barmy beer." Dryden.
BARMYBarm"y (bärm"y), a.
Defn: Full of barm or froth; in a ferment. "Barmy beer." Dryden.
BARN Barn, n. Etym: [OE. bern, AS. berern, bern; bere barley + ern, ærn, a close place. Barley.]
Defn: A covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. In the United States a part of the barn is often used for stables. Barn owl (Zoöl.), an owl of Europe and America (Aluco flammeus, or Strix flammea), which frequents barns and other buildings. — Barn swallow (Zoöl.), the common American swallow (Hirundo horreorum), which attaches its nest of mud to the beams and rafters of barns.
BARNBarn, v. t.
Defn: To lay up in a barn. [Obs.] Shak.Men . . . often barn up the chaff, and burn up the grain. Fuller.
BARNBarn, n.
Defn: A child. [Obs.] See Bairn.
BARNABITEBar"na*bite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: A member of a religious order, named from St. Barnabas.
BARNACLE Bar"na*cle, n. Etym: [Prob. from E. barnacle a kind of goose, which was popularly supposed to grow from this shellfish; but perh. from LL. bernacula for pernacula, dim. of perna ham, sea mussel; cf. Gr. ham Cf. F. bernacle, barnacle, E. barnacle a goose; and Ir. bairneach, barneach, limpet.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc., esp. (a) the sessile species (genus Balanus and allies), and (b) the stalked or goose barnacles (genus Lepas and allies). See Cirripedia, and Goose barnacle. Barnacle eater (Zoöl.), the orange filefish. — Barnacle scale (Zoöl.), a bark louse (Ceroplastes cirripediformis) of the orange and quince trees in Florida. The female scale curiously resembles a sessile barnacle in form.
BARNACLEBar"na*cle, n. Etym: [See Bernicle.]
Defn: A bernicle goose.
BARNACLEBar"na*cle, n. Etym: [OE. bernak, bernacle; cf. OF. bernac, and Prov.F. (Berri) berniques, spectacles.]
1. pl. (Far.)
Defn: An instrument for pinching a horse's nose, and thus restraining him.
Note: [Formerly used in the sing.]The barnacles . . . give pain almost equal to that of the switch.Youatt.
2. pl.
Defn: Spectacles; — so called from their resemblance to the barnacles used by farriers. [Cant, Eng.] Dickens.
BARNBURNER Barn"burn`er, n. [So called in allusion to the fable of the man who burned his barn in order to rid it of rats.]
Defn: A member of the radical section of the Democratic party in New York, about the middle of the 19th century, which was hostile to extension of slavery, public debts, corporate privileges, etc., and supported Van Buren against Cass for president in 1848; —opposed to Hunker. [Political Cant, U. S.]
BARNSTORMERBarn"storm`er, n. [Barn + storm, v.]
Defn: An itinerant theatrical player who plays in barns when a theatre is lacking; hence, an inferior actor, or one who plays in the country away from the larger cities. —Barn"storm`ing, n. [Theatrical Cant]
BARNYARDBarn"yard`, n.
Defn: A yard belonging to a barn.
BAROCCOBa*roc"co, a. Etym: [It.] (Arch.)
Defn: See Baroque.
BAROCYCLONOMETERBar`o*cy`clon*om"e*ter, n. [Gr. weight + cyclone + -meter.](Meteorol.)
Defn: An aneroid barometer for use with accompanying graphic diagrams and printed directions designed to aid mariners to interpret the indications of the barometer so as to determine the existence of a violent storm at a distance of several hundred miles.
BAROGRAMBar"o*gram, n. [Gr. weight + -gram.] (Meteor.)
Defn: A tracing, usually made by the barograph, showing graphically the variations of atmospheric pressure for a given time.
BAROGRAPHBar"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -graph.] (Meteor.)
Defn: An instrument for recording automatically the variations of atmospheric pressure.
BAROKOBa*ro"ko, n. Etym: [A mnemonic word.] (Logic)
Defn: A form or mode of syllogism of which the first proposition is a universal affirmative, and the other two are particular negative.
BAROLOGYBa*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -logy.]
Defn: The science of weight or gravity.
BAROMACROMETERBar`o*ma*crom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + long + -meter.] (Med.)
Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of a newborn infant.
BAROMETERBa*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -meter: cf. F. baromètre.]
Defn: An instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.
Note: The barometer was invented by Torricelli at Florence about 1643. It is made in its simplest form by filling a graduated glass tube about 34 inches long with mercury and inverting it in a cup containing mercury. The column of mercury in the tube descends until balanced by the weight of the atmosphere, and its rise or fall under varying conditions is a measure of the change in the atmospheric pressure. At the sea level its ordinary height is about 30 inches (760 millimeters). See Sympiesometer. Nichol. Aneroid barometer. See Aneroid barometer, under Aneroid. — Marine barometer, a barometer with tube contracted at bottom to prevent rapid oscillations of the mercury, and suspended in gimbals from an arm or support on shipboard. — Mountain barometer, a portable mercurial barometer with tripod support, and long scale, for measuring heights. — Siphon barometer, a barometer having a tube bent like a hook with the longer leg closed at the top. The height of the mercury in the longer leg shows the pressure of the atmosphere. — Wheel barometer, a barometer with recurved tube, and a float, from which a cord passes over a pulley and moves an index.
BAROMETRIC; BAROMETRICALBar`o*met"ric, Bar`o*met"ric*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to the barometer; made or indicated by a barometer; as, barometric changes; barometrical observations.
BAROMETRICALLYBar`o*met"ric*al*ly, adv.
Defn: By means of a barometer, or according to barometric observations.
BAROMETROGRAPHBar`o*met"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + measure + -graph.]
Defn: A form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itself upon paper a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.
BAROMETRYBa*rom"e*try, n.
Defn: The art or process of making barometrical measurements.
BAROMETZBar"o*metz, n. Etym: [Cf. Russ. baranets' clubmoss.] (Bot.)
Defn: The woolly-skinned rhizoma or rootstock of a fern (Dicksonia barometz), which, when specially prepared and inverted, somewhat resembles a lamb; — called also Scythian lamb.
BARON Bar"on, n. Etym: [OE. baron, barun, OF. baron, accus. of ber, F. baron, prob. fr. OHG. baro (not found) bearer, akin to E. bear to support; cf. O. Frisian bere, LL. baro, It. barone, Sp. varon. From the meaning bearer (of burdens) seem to have come the senses strong man, man (in distinction from woman), which is the oldest meaning in French, and lastly, nobleman. Cf. L. baro, simpleton. See Bear to support.]
1. A title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in France and Germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in England, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the House of Lords, being next below a viscount.
Note: "The tenants in chief from the Crown, who held lands of the annual value of four hundred pounds, were styled Barons; and it is to them, and not to the members of the lowest grade of the nobility (to whom the title at the present time belongs), that reference is made when we read of the Barons of the early days of England's history . . . . Barons are addressed as 'My Lord,' and are styled 'Right Honorable.' All their sons and daughters 'Honorable.'" Cussans.
2. (Old Law)
Defn: A husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife. [R.] Cowell.Baron of beef, two sirloins not cut asunder at the backbone.— Barons of the Cinque Ports, formerly members of the House ofCommons, elected by the seven Cinque Ports, two for each port.— Baron of the exchequer, the judges of the Court of Exchequer, oneof the three ancient courts of England, now abolished.
BARONAGE Bar"on*age, n. Etym: [OE. barnage, baronage, OF.barnage, F. baronnage; cf. LL. baronagium.]
1. The whole body of barons or peers. The baronage of the kingdom. Bp. Burnet.
2. The dignity or rank of a baron.
3. The land which gives title to a baron. [Obs.]
BARONESSBar"on*ess, n.
Defn: A baron's wife; also, a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right; as, the Baroness Burdett-Coutts.
BARONETBar"on*et, n. Etym: [Baron + -et.]
Defn: A dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above a knight, having precedency of all orders of knights except those of the Garter. It is the lowest degree of honor that is hereditary. The baronets are commoners.
Note: The order was founded by James I. in 1611, and is given by patent. The word, however, in the sense of a lesser baron, was in use long before. "Baronets have the title of 'Sir' prefixed to their Christian names; their surnames being followed by their dignity, usually abbreviated Bart. Their wives are addressed as 'Lady' or 'Madam'. Their sons are possessed of no title beyond 'Esquire.'" Cussans.
BARONETAGEBar"on*et*age, n.
1. State or rank of a baronet.
2. The collective body of baronets.
BARONETCYBar"on*et*cy, n.
Defn: The rank or patent of a baronet.
BARONGBa*rong", n. [Native name.]
Defn: A kind of cutting weapon with a thick back and thin razorlike edge, used by the Moros of the Philippine Islands.
BARONIALBa*ro"ni*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to a baron or a barony. "Baronial tenure." Hallam.
BARONY Bar"o*ny, n.; pl. Baronies (. Etym: [OF. baronie, F. baronnie, LL. baronia. See Baron.]
1. The fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron.
2. In Ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the English hundred, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief. There are 252 of these baronies. In Scotland, an extensive freehold. It may be held by a commoner. Brande & C.
BAROQUEBa*roque", a. Etym: [F.; cf. It. barocco.] (Arch.)
Defn: In bad taste; grotesque; odd.
BAROSCOPEBar"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. weight + -scope: cf. F. baroscope.]
Defn: Any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates - or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.
BAROSCOPIC; BAROSCOPICALBar`o*scop"ic, Bar`o*scop"ic*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or determined by, the baroscope.
BAROTHERMOGRAPHBar`o*ther"mo*graph, n. [Gr. weight + thermograph.]
Defn: An instrument for recording both pressure and temperature, as of the atmosphere.
BAROUCHE Ba*rouche", n. Etym: [G. barutsche, It. baroccio, biroccio, LL. barrotium, fr. L. birotus two-wheeled; bi=bis twice + rota wheel.]
Defn: A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on the outside for the driver, and two double seats on the inside arranged so that the sitters on the front seat face those on the back seat.
BAROUCHETBa`rou*chet", n.
Defn: A kind of light barouche.
BARPOSTBar"post`, n.
Defn: A post sunk in the ground to receive the bars closing a passage into a field.
BARQUEBarque, n.
Defn: Same as 3d Bark, n.
BARRACAN Bar"ra*can, n. Etym: [F. baracan, bouracan (cf. Pr. barracan, It. baracane, Sp. barragan, Pg. barregana, LL. barracanus), fr. Ar. barrakan a kind of black gown, perh. fr. Per. barak a garment made of camel's hair.]
Defn: A thick, strong stuff, somewhat like camlet; — still used for outer garments in the Levant.
BARRACK Bar"rack, n. Etym: [F. baraque, fr. It. baracca (cf. Sp. barraca), from LL. barra bar. See Bar, n.]
1. (Mil.)
Defn: A building for soldiers, especially when in garrison. Commonly in the pl., originally meaning temporary huts, but now usually applied to a permanent structure or set of buildings. He lodged in a miserable hut or barrack, composed of dry branches and thatched with straw. Gibbon.
2. A movable roof sliding on four posts, to cover hay, straw, etc. [Local, U.S.]
BARRACKBar"rack, v. t.
Defn: To supply with barracks; to establish in barracks; as, to barrack troops.
BARRACKBar"rack, v. i.
Defn: To live or lodge in barracks.
BARRACLADE Bar"ra*clade, n. Etym: [D. baar, OD. baer, naked, bare + kleed garment, i.e., cloth undressed or without nap.]
Defn: A home-made woolen blanket without nap. [Local, New York]Bartlett.
BARRACOONBar"ra*coon`, n. Etym: [Sp. or Pg. barraca. See Barrack.]
Defn: A slave warehouse, or an inclosure where slaves are quartered temporarily. Du Chaillu.
BARRACUDA; BARRACOUTABar`ra*cu"da, Bar`ra*cou"ta, n.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A voracious pikelike, marine fish, of the genus Sphyræna, sometimes used as food.
Note: That of Europe and our Atlantic coast is Sphyræna spet (or S. vulgaris); a southern species is S. picuda; the Californian is S. argentea.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large edible fresh-water fish of Australia and New Zealand(Thyrsites atun).
BARRAGEBar"rage, n. Etym: [F., fr. barrer to bar, from barre bar.] (Engin.)
Defn: An artificial bar or obstruction placed in a river or water course to increase the depth of water; as, the barrages of the Nile.
BARRAMUNDI Bar`ra*mun"di, n. [Written also barramunda.] [Native name.] (Zoöl.) (a) A remarkable Australian fresh-water ganoid fish of the genus Ceratodus. (b) An Australian river fish (Osteoglossum Leichhardtii).
BARRANCABar*ran"ca, n. Etym: [Sp.]
Defn: A ravine caused by heavy rains or a watercourse. [Texas & N.Mex.]
BARRASBar"ras, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A resin, called also galipot.
BARRATOR Bar"ra*tor, n. Etym: [OE. baratour, OF. barateor deceiver, fr. OF. barater, bareter, to deceive, cheat, barter. See Barter, v. i.]
Defn: One guilty of barratry.
BARRATROUSBar"ra*trous, (Law)
Defn: Tainter with, or constituting, barratry.— Bar"ra*trous*ly, adv. Kent.
BARRATRY Bar"ra*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. baraterie, LL. barataria. See Barrator, and cf. Bartery.]
1. (Law)
Defn: The practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.[Also spelt barretry.] Coke. Blackstone.
2. (Mar. Law)
Defn: A fraudulent breach of duty or willful act of known illegality on the part of a master of a ship, in his character of master, or of the mariners, to the injury of the owner of the ship or cargo, and without his consent. It includes every breach of trust committed with dishonest purpose, as by running away with the ship, sinking or deserting her, etc., or by embezzling the cargo. Kent. Part.
3. (Scots Law)
Defn: The crime of a judge who is influenced by bribery in pronouncing judgment. Wharton.
BARRED OWLBarred" owl". (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large American owl (Syrnium nebulosum); — so called from the transverse bars of a dark brown color on the breast.
BARRELBar"rel, n.Etym: [OE. barel, F. baril, prob. fr. barre bar. Cf.Barricade.]
1. A round vessel or cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads.
2. The quantity which constitutes a full barrel. This varies for different articles and also in different places for the same article, being regulated by custom or by law. A barrel of wine is 31
3. A solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case; as, the barrel of a windlass; the barrel of a watch, within which the spring is coiled.
4. A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile is discharged. Knight.
5. A jar. [Obs.] 1 Kings xvii. 12.
6. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The hollow basal part of a feather. Barrel bulk (Com.), ameasure equal to five cubic feet, used in estimating capacity, as ofa vessel for freight.— Barrel drain (Arch.), a drain in the form of a cylindrical tube.— Barrel of a boiler, the cylindrical part of a boiler, containingthe flues.— Barrel of the ear (Anat.), the tympanum, or tympanic cavity.— Barrel organ, an instrument for producing music by the action ofa revolving cylinder.— Barrel vault. See under Vault.
BARRELBar"rel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barreled (Barrelled; p. pr. & vb. n.Barreling, or Barrelling.]
Defn: To put or to pack in a barrel or barrels.
BARRELED; BARRELLEDBar"reled, Bar"relled, a.
Defn: Having a barrel; — used in composition; as, a double-barreled gun.
BARREL PROCESSBar"rel proc"ess. (Metal.)
Defn: A process of extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in a revolving barrel, or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution, or other reagent.
BARREN Bar"ren, a. Etym: [OE. barein, OF. brehaing, brehaigne, baraigne, F. bréhaigne; of uncertain origin; cf. Arm. brékha, markha, sterile; LL. brana a sterile mare, principally in Aquitanian and Spanish documents; Bisc. barau, baru, fasting.]
1. Incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; — She was barren of children. Bp. Hall.
2. Not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation; "Barren mountain tracts." Macaulay.
3. Unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable; empty. Brilliant but barren reveries. Prescott. Some schemes will appear barren of hints and matter. Swift.
4. Mentally dull; stupid. Shak. Barren flower, a flower which hasonly stamens without a pistil, or which as neither stamens norpistils.— Barren Grounds (Geog.), a vast tract in British America northwardof the forest regions.— Barren Ground bear (Zoöl.), a peculiar bear, inhabiting theBarren Grounds, now believed to be a variety of the brown bear ofEurope.— Barren Ground caribou (Zoöl.), a small reindeer (RangiferGroenlandicus) peculiar to the Barren Grounds and Greenland.
BARRENBar"ren, n.
1. A tract of barren land.
2. pl.
Defn: Elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine barrens; oak barrens. They are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile. [Amer.] J. Pickering.
BARRENLYBar"ren*ly, adv.
Defn: Unfruitfully; unproductively.
BARRENNESSBar"ren*ness, n.
Defn: The condition of being barren; sterility; unproductiveness.A total barrenness of invention. Dryden.
BARRENWORTBar"ren*wort`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: An herbaceous plant of the Barberry family (Epimedium alpinum), having leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.
BARRET Bar"ret, n. Etym: [F. barrette, LL. barretum a cap. See Berretta, and cf. Biretta.]
Defn: A kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; — called also barret cap. Also, the flat cap worn by Roman Catholic ecclesiastics.
BARRETTERBar"ret*ter, n. [OF. bareter to exchange. Cf. Barter.] (WirelessTeleg.)
Defn: A thermal cymoscope which operates by increased resistance when subjected to the influence of electric waves. The original form consisted of an extremely fine platinum wire loop attached to terminals and inclosed in a small glass or silver bulb. In a later variety, called the liquid barretter, wire is replace by a column of liquid in a very fine capillary tube.
BARRICADEBar`ri*cade", n. Etym: [F. barricade, fr. Sp. barricada, orig. abarring up with casks; fr. barrica cask, perh. fr. LL. barra bar. SeeBar, n., and cf. Barrel, n.]
1. (Mil.)
Defn: A fortification, made in haste, of trees, earth, palisades, wagons, or anything that will obstruct the progress or attack of an enemy. It is usually an obstruction formed in streets to block an enemy's access.
2. Any bar, obstruction, or means of defense. Such a barricade as would greatly annoy, or absolutely stop, the currents of the atmosphere. Derham.
BARRICADEBar`ri*cade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Barricaded; p. pr. & vb. n.Barricading.] Etym: [Cf. F. barricader. See Barricade, n.]
Defn: To fortify or close with a barricade or with barricades; tostop up, as a passage; to obstruct; as, the workmen barricaded thestreets of Paris.The further end whereof [a bridge] was barricaded with barrels.Hakluyt.
BARRICADERBar`ri*cad"er, n.
Defn: One who constructs barricades.
BARRICADOBar`ri*ca"do, n. & v. t.
Defn: See Barricade. Shak.
BARRIERBar"ri*er, n. Etym: [OE. barrere, barere, F. barrière, fr. barre bar.See Bar, n.]
1. (Fort.)
Defn: A carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in order to stop an enemy.
2. A fortress or fortified town, on the frontier of a country, commanding an avenue of approach.
3. pl.
Defn: A fence or railing to mark the limits of a place, or to keepback a crowd.No sooner were the barriers opened, than he paced into the lists. SirW. Scott.