1. Set apart by solemn religious ceremony; especially, in a good sense, made holy; set apart to religious use; consecrated; not profane or common; as, a sacred place; a sacred day; sacred service.
2. Relating to religion, or to the services of religion; not secular; religious; as, sacred history. Smit with the love of sacred song. Milton.
3. Designated or exalted by a divine sanction; possessing the highest title to obedience, honor, reverence, or veneration; entitled to extreme reverence; venerable. Such neighbor nearness to our sacred [royal] blood Should nothing privilege him. Shak. Poet and saint to thee alone were given, The two most sacred names of earth and heaven. Cowley.
4. Hence, not to be profaned or violated; inviolable. Secrets of marriage still are sacred held. Dryden.
5. Consecrated; dedicated; devoted; — with to. A temple, sacred to the queen oflove. Dryden.
6. Solemnly devoted, in a bad sense, as to evil, vengeance, curse, or the like; accursed; baleful. [Archaic] But, to destruction sacred and devote. Milton.
Society of the Sacred Heart (R.C. Ch.), a religious order of women, founded in France in 1800, and approved in 1826. It was introduced into America in 1817. The members of the order devote themselves to the higher branches of female education. — Sacred baboon. (Zoöl.) See Hamadryas. — Sacred bean (Bot.), a seed of the Oriental lotus (Nelumbo speciosa or Nelimbium speciosum), a plant resembling a water lily; also, the plant itself. See Lotus. — Sacred beetle (Zoöl.) See Scarab. — Sacred canon. See Canon, n., 3. — Sacred fish (Zoöl.), any one of fresh-water African fishes of the family Mormyridæ. Several large species inhabit the Nile and were considered sacred by the ancient Egyptians; especially Mormyris oxyrhynchus. — Sacred ibis. See Ibis. — Sacred monkey. (Zoöl.) (a) Any Asiatic monkey of the genus Semnopitchecus, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos; especially, the entellus. See Entellus. (b) The sacred baboon. See Hamadryas. (c) The blunder monkey. — Sacred place (Civil Law), the place where a deceased person is buried.
Syn.— Holy; divine; hallowed; consecrated; dedicated; devoted;religious; venerable; reverend.— Sa"cred*ly, adv.— Sa"cred*ness, n.
SACRIFIC; SACRIFICALSacrif"ic, Sa*crif"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. sacrificus, sacrificalis. SeeSacrifice.]
Defn: Employed in sacrifice. [R.] Johnson.
SACRIFICABLESa*crif"ic*a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being offered in sacrifice. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
SACRIFICANTSa*crif"ic*ant, n. Etym: [L. sacrificans, p.pr. See Sacrifice.]
Defn: One who offers a sacrifice. [R.]
SACRIFICATORSac"ri*fi*ca`tor, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: A sacrificer; one who offers a sacrifice. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
SACRIFICATORYSa*crif"ic`a*to*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sacrificatoire.]
Defn: Offering sacrifice. [R.] Sherwood.
SACRIFICE Sac"ri*fice, n. Etym: [OE. sacrifise, sacrifice, F. sacrifice, fr. L. sacrificium; sacer sacer + facere to make. See Sacred, and Fact.]
1. The offering of anything to God, or to a god; consecratory rite. Great pomp, and sacrifice, and praises loud, To Dagon. Milton.
2. Anything consecrated and offered to God, or to a divinity; an immolated victin, or an offering of any kind, laid upon an altar, or otherwise presented in the way of religious thanksgiving, atonement, or conciliation. Moloch, horrid king, besmeared with blood Of human sacrifice. Milton. My life, if thou preserv's my life, Thy sacrifice shall be. Addison.
3. Destruction or surrender of anything for the sake of something else; devotion of some desirable object in behalf of a higher object, or to a claim deemed more pressing; hence, also, the thing so devoted or given up; as, the sacrifice of interest to pleasure, or of pleasure to interest.
4. A sale at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen's Cant] Burnt sacrifice. See Burnt offering, under Burnt. — Sacrifice hit (Baseball), in batting, a hit of such a kind that the batter loses his chance of tallying, but enables one or more who are on bases to get home or gain a base.
SACRIFICESac"ri*fice, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sacrificed (; p. pr. & vb. n.Sacrificing (.] Etym: [From Sacrifice, n.: cf. F. sacrifier, L.sacrificare; sacer sacred, holy + -ficare (only in comp.) to make.See -fy.]
1. To make an offering of; to consecrate or present to a divinity by way of expiation or propitiation, or as a token acknowledgment or thanksgiving; to immolate on the altar of God, in order to atone for sin, to procure favor, or to express thankfulness; as, to sacrifice an ox or a sheep. Oft sacrificing bullock, lamb, or kid. Milton.
2. Hence, to destroy, surrender, or suffer to be lost, for the sake of obtaining something; to give up in favor of a higher or more imperative object or duty; to devote, with loss or suffering. Condemned to sacrifice his childish years To babbling ignorance, and to empty fears. Prior. The Baronet had sacrificed a large sum . . . for the sake of . . . making this boy his heir. G. Eliot.
3. To destroy; to kill. Johnson.
4. To sell at a price less than the cost or the actual value. [Tradesmen's Cant]
SACRIFICESac"ri*fice, v. i.
Defn: To make offerings to God, or to a deity, of things consumed on the altar; to offer sacrifice. O teacher, some great mischief hath befallen To that meek man, who well had sacrificed. Milton.
SACRIFICERSac"ri*fi`cer, n.
Defn: One who sacrifices.
SACRIFICIALSac`ri*fi"cial, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to sacrifice or sacrifices; consisting in sacrifice; performing sacrifice. "Sacrificial rites." Jer. Taylor.
SACRILEGE Sac"ri*lege, n. Etym: [F. sacrilège, L. sacrilegium, from sacrilegus that steals, properly, gathers or picks up, sacred things; sacer sacred + legere to gather, pick up. See Sacred, and Legend.]
Defn: The sin or crime of violating or profaning sacred things; the alienating to laymen, or to common purposes, what has been appropriated or consecrated to religious persons or uses. And the hid treasures in her sacred tomb With sacrilege to dig. Spenser. Families raised upon the ruins of churches, and enriched with the spoils of sacrilege. South.
SACRILEGIOUSSac`ri*le"gious, a. Etym: [From sacrilege: cf. L. sacrilegus.]
Defn: Violating sacred things; polluted with sacrilege; involvingsacrilege; profane; impious.Above the reach of sacrilegious hands. pope.— Sac`ri*le"gious*ly, adv.— Sac`ri*le"gious*ness, n.
SACRILEGISTSac"ri*le`gist, n.
Defn: One guilty of sacrilege.
SACRINGSac"ring,
Defn: a. & n. from Sacre. Sacring bell. See Sanctus bell, underSanctus.
SACRISTSa"crist, n. Etym: [LL. sacrista. See Sacristan.]
Defn: A sacristan; also, a person retained in a cathedral to copy out music for the choir, and take care of the books.
SACRISTANSac"ris*tan, n. Etym: [F. sacristian, LL. sacrista, fr. L. sacer. SeeSacred, and cf. Sexton.]
Defn: An officer of the church who has the care of the utensils or movables, and of the church in general; a sexton.
SACRISTY Sac"ris*ty, n.; pl. Sacristies. Etym: [F. sacristie, LL. sacristia, fr. L. sacer. See Sacred.]
Defn: A apartment in a church where the sacred utensils, vestments, etc., are kept; a vestry.
SACRO-Sa"cro- (. (Anat.)
Defn: A combining form denoting connection with, or relation to, the sacrum, as in sacro-coccyageal, sacro-iliac, sacrosciatic.
SACROSANCTSac"ro*sanct, a. Etym: [L. sucrosanctus.]
Defn: Sacred; inviolable. [R.] Dr. H. More.
SACROSCIATICSa`cro*sci*at"ic, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to both the sacrum and the hip; as, the sacrosciatic formina formed by the sacrosciatic ligaments which connect the sacrum and hip bone.
SACROVERTEBRALSa`cro*ver"te*bral, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the sacrum and that part of the vertebral column immediately anterior to it; as, the sacrovertebral angle.
SACRUM sa"crum, n.; pl. sacra (. Etym: [NL., fr. L. sacer sacred, os sacrum the lowest bone of the spine.] (Anat.)
Defn: That part of the vertebral column which is directly connected with, or forms a part of, the pelvis.
Note: It may consist of a single vertebra or of several more or less consolidated. In man it forms the dorsal, or posterior, wall of the pelvis, and consists of five united vertebræ, which diminish in size very rapidly to the posterior extremity, which bears the coccyx.
SACSSacs, n. pl.; sing. Sac (. (Ethnol.)
Defn: A tribe of Indians, which, together with the Foxes, formerly occupied the region about Green Bay, Wisconsin. [Written also Sauks.]
SADSad, a. [Compar. Sadder; supperl. Saddest.] Etym: [OE. sad sated,tired, satisfied, firm, steadfast, AS. sæd satisfied, sated; akin toD. zat, OS. sad, G. tt, OHG. sat, sa, saddr, Goth. saps, Lith. sotus,L. sat, satis, enough, satur sated, Gr. Assets, Sate, Satiate,Satisfy Satire.]
1. Sated; satisfied; weary; tired. [Obs.] Yet of that art they can not waxen sad, For unto them it is a bitter sweet. Chaucer.
2. Heavy; weighty; ponderous; close; hard. [Obs., except in a few phrases; as, sad bread.] His hand, more sad than lump of lead. Spenser. Chalky lands are naturally cold and sad. Mortimer.
3. Dull; grave; dark; somber; — said of colors. "Sad-colored clothes." Walton. Woad, or wade, is used by the dyers to lay the foundation of all sad colors. Mortimer.
4. Serious; grave; sober; steadfast; not light or frivolous. [Obs.] "Ripe and sad courage." Bacon. Which treaty was wisely handled by sad and discrete counsel of both parties. Ld. Berners.
5. Affected with grief or unhappiness; cast down with affliction; downcast; gloomy; mournful. First were we sad, fearing you would not come; Now sadder, that you come so unprovided. Shak. The angelic guards ascended, mute and sad. Milton.
6. Afflictive; calamitous; causing sorrow; as, a sad accident; a sad misfortune.
7. Hence, bad; naughty; troublesome; wicked. [Colloq.] "Sad tipsy fellows, both of them." I. Taylor.
Note: Sad is sometimes used in the formation of self-explaining compounds; as, sad-colored, sad-eyed, sad-hearted, sad-looking, and the like. Sad bread, heavy bread. [Scot. & Local, U.S.] Bartlett.
Syn. — Sorrowful; mournful; gloomy; dejected; depressed; cheerless; downcast; sedate; serious; grave; grievous; afflictive; calamitous.
SADSad, v. t.
Defn: To make sorrowful; to sadden. [Obs.]How it sadded the minister's spirits! H. Peters.
SADDA Sad"da, n. Etym: [Per. sad-dar the hundred gates or ways; sad a hundred + dar door, way.]
Defn: A work in the Persian tongue, being a summary of the Zend-Avesta, or sacred books.
SADDENSad"den, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddened; p. pr. & vb. n. Saddening.]
Defn: To make sad. Specifically: (a) To render heavy or cohesive. [Obs.] Marl is binding, and saddening of land is the great prejudice it doth to clay lands. Mortimer.
(b) To make dull- or sad-colored, as cloth. (c) To make grave or serious; to make melancholy or sorrowful. Her gloomy presence saddens all the scene. Pope.
SADDENSad"den, v. i.
Defn: To become, or be made, sad. Tennyson.
SADDERSad"der, n.
Defn: Same as Sadda.
SADDLESad"dle, n. Etym: [OE. sadel, AS. sadol; akin to D. zadel, G. sattel,OHG. satal, satul, Icel. söedhull, Dan. & Sw. sadel; cf. Russ.siedlo; all perh. ultimately from the root of E. sit.]
1. A seat for a rider, — usually made of leather, padded to span comfortably a horse's back, furnished with stirrups for the rider's feet to rest in, and fastened in place with a girth; also, a seat for the rider on a bicycle or tricycle.
2. A padded part of a harness which is worn on a horse's back, being fastened in place with a girth. It serves various purposes, as to keep the breeching in place, carry guides for the reins, etc.
3. A piece of meat containing a part of the backbone of an animal with the ribs on each side; as, a saddle of mutton, of venison, etc.
4. (Naut.)
Defn: A block of wood, usually fastened to some spar, and shaped to receive the end of another spar.
5. (Mach.)
Defn: A part, as a flange, which is hollowed out to fit upon a convex surface and serve as a means of attachment or support.
6. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The clitellus of an earthworm.
7. (Arch.)
Defn: The threshold of a door, when a separate piece from the floor or landing; — so called because it spans and covers the joint between two floors. Saddle bar (Arch.), one the small iron bars to which the lead panels of a glazed window are secured. Oxf. Gloss. — Saddle gall (Far.), a sore or gall upon a horse's back, made by the saddle. — Saddle girth, a band passing round the body of a horse to hold the saddle in its place. — saddle horse, a horse suitable or trained for riding with a saddle. — Saddle joint, in sheet-metal roofing, a joint formed by bending up the edge of a sheet and folding it downward over the turned-up edge of the next sheet. — Saddle roof (Arch.), a roof having two gables and one ridge; — said of such a roof when used in places where a different form is more common; as, a tower surmounted by a saddle roof. Called also saddleback roof. — Saddle shell (Zoöl.), any thin plicated bivalve shaell of the genera Placuna and Anomia; — so called from its shape. Called also saddle oyster.
SADDLESad"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Saddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Saddling.]Etym: [AS. sadelian.]
1. To put a saddle upon; to equip (a beast) for riding. "saddle my horse." Shak. Abraham rose up early saddled his ass. Gen. xxii. 3.
2. Hence: To fix as a charge or burden upon; to load; to encumber; as, to saddle a town with the expense of bridges and highways.
SADDLEBACKSad"dle*back`, a.
Defn: Same as Saddle-backed. Saddleback roof. (Arch.) See Saddle roof, under Saddle.
SADDLEBACKSad"dle*back`, n.
1. Anything saddle-backed; esp., a hill or ridge having a concave outline at the top.
2. (Zoöl.) (a) The harp seal. (b) The great blackbacked gull (Larus marinus). (c) The larva of a bombycid moth (Empretia stimulea) which has a large, bright green, saddle-shaped patch of color on the back.
SADDLE-BACKEDSad"dle-backed`, a.
1. Having the outline of the upper part concave like the seat of a saddle.
2. Having a low back and high neck, as a horse.
SADDLEBAGSSad"dle*bags, n. pl.
Defn: Bags, usually of leather, united by straps or a band, formerly much used by horseback riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each side.
SADDLEBOWSad"dle*bow`, n. Etym: [AS. sadelboga.]
Defn: The bow or arch in the front part of a saddle, or the pieces which form the front.
SADDLECLOTHSad"dle*cloth`, n.
Defn: A cloth under a saddle, and extending out behind; a housing.
SADDLEDSad"dled, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having a broad patch of color across the back, like a saddle; saddle-backed.
SADDLERSad"dler, n. .
Defn: One who makes saddles.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A harp seal.
SADDLERYSad"dler*y, n.
1. The materials for making saddles and harnesses; the articles usually offered for sale in a saddler's shop.
2. The trade or employment of a saddler.
SADDLE-SHAPEDSad"dle-shaped`, a.
Defn: Shaped like a saddle. Specifically: (a) (Bot.) Bent down at the sides so as to give the upper part a rounded form. Henslow. (b) (Geol.) Bent on each side of a mountain or ridge, without being broken at top; — said of strata.
SADDLETREESad"dle*tree`, n.
Defn: The frame of a saddle.For saddletree scarce reached had he, His journey to begin. Cowper.
SADDUCAICSad`du*ca"ic, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or like, the Sadducees; as, Sadducaic reasonings.
SADDUCEE Sad"du*cee, n. Etym: [L. Sadducaei, p., Gr. Tsaddukim; — so called from Tsadok, the founder of the sect.]
Defn: One of a sect among the ancient Jews, who denied the resurrection, a future state, and the existence of angels. — Sad`du*ce"an, a.
SADDUCEEISM; SADDUCISMSad"du*cee`ism, Sad"du*cism, n.
Defn: The tenets of the Sadducees.
SADDUCIZESad"du*cize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sadducized; p. pr. & vb. n.Sadducizing.]
Defn: To adopt the principles of the Sadducees. Atterbury.
SADHSadh, n. Etym: [Skr. sadhu perfect, pure.]
Defn: A member of a monotheistic sect of Hindoos. Sadhs resemble theQuakers in many respects. Balfour (cyc. of India).
SADIRONSad"i`ron, n. Etym: [Probably sad heavy + iron.]
Defn: An iron for smoothing clothes; a flatiron.
SADLYSad"ly, adv.
1. Wearily; heavily; firmly. [Obs.] In go the spears full sadly in arest. Chaucer.
2. Seriously; soberly; gravely. [Obs.] To tell thee sadly, shepherd, without blame Or our neglect, we lost her as we came. Milton.
3. Grievously; deeply; sorrowfully; miserably. "He sadly suffers in their grief." Dryden.
SADNESSSad"ness, n.
1. Heaviness; firmness. [Obs.]
2. Seriousness; gravity; discretion. [Obs.] Her sadness and her benignity. Chaucer.
3. Quality of being sad, or unhappy; gloominess; sorrowfulness; dejection. Dim sadness did not spare That time celestial visages. Milton.
Syn.— Sorrow; heaviness; dejection. See Grief.
SADRSadr, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A plant of the genus Ziziphus (Z. lotus); — so called by theArabs of Barbary, who use its berries for food. See Lotus (b).
SAENGERBUNDSaeng"er*bund`, n.; G. pl. -bünde (#). [G. sängerbund.] (Music)
Defn: A singers' union; an association of singers or singing clubs, esp. German.
SAENGERFESTSaeng"er*fest, n. Etym: [G. sängerfest.]
Defn: A festival of singers; a German singing festival.
SAFESafe, a. [Compar. Safer; superl. Safest.] Etym: [OE. sauf, F. sauf,fr. L. salvus, akin to salus health, welfare, safety. Cf. Salute,Salvation, Sage a plant, Save, Salvo an exception.]
1. Free from harm, injury, or risk; untouched or unthreatened by danger or injury; unharmed; unhurt; secure; whole; as, safe from disease; safe from storms; safe from foes. "And ye dwelled safe." 1 Sam. xii. 11. They escaped all safe all safe to land. Acts xxvii. 44. Established in a safe, unenvied throne. Milton.
2. Conferring safety; securing from harm; not exposing to danger; confining securely; to be relied upon; not dangerous; as, a safe harbor; a safe bridge, etc. "The man of safe discretion." Shak. The King of heaven hath doomed This place our dungeon, not our safe retreat. Milton.
3. Incapable of doing harm; no longer dangerous; in secure care or custody; as, the prisoner is safe. But Banquo's safe Ay, my good lord, safe in a ditch he bides. Shak. Safe hit (Baseball), a hit which enables the batter to get to first base even if no error is made by the other side.
Syn.— Secure; unendangered; sure.
SAFESafe, n.
Defn: A place for keeping things in safety. Specifically: (a) A strong and fireproof receptacle (as a movable chest of steel, etc., or a closet or vault of brickwork) for money, valuable papers, or the like. (b) A ventilated or refrigerated chest or closet for securing provisions from noxious animals or insects.
SAFESafe, v. t.
Defn: To render safe; to make right. [Obs.] Shak.
SAFE-CONDUCTSafe"-con"duct, n. Etym: [Safe + conduct: cf. F. sauf-conduit.]
Defn: That which gives a safe, passage; either (a) a convoy or guard to protect a person in an enemy's country or a foreign country, or (b) a writing, pass, or warrant of security, given to a person to enable him to travel with safety. Shak.
SAFE-CONDUCTSafe`-con*duct", v. t.
Defn: To conduct safely; to give safe-conduct to. [POetic]He him by all the bonds of love besought To safe-conduct his love.Spenser.
SAFEGUARDSafe"guard`, n. Etym: [Safe = guard: cf. F. sauvegarde.]
1. One who, or that which, defends or protects; defense; protection. Shak. Thy sword, the safeguard of thy brother's throne. Granwille.
2. A convoy or guard to protect a traveler or property.
3. A pass; a passport; a safe-conduct. Shak.
SAFEGUARDSafe"guard`, v. t.
Defn: To guard; to protect. Shak.
SAFE-KEEPINGSafe"-keep"ing, n. Etym: [Safe + keep.]
Defn: The act of keeping or preserving in safety from injury or from escape; care; custody.
SAFELYSafe"ly, adv.
Defn: In a safe manner; danger, injury, loss, or evil consequences.
SAFENESSSafe"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being safe; freedom from hazard, danger, harm, or loss; safety; security; as the safeness of an experiment, of a journey, or of a possession.
SAFE-PLEDGESafe"-pledge", n. (Law)
Defn: A surety for the appearance of a person at a given time.Bracton.
SAFETYSafe"ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. sauveté.]
1. The condition or state of being safe; freedom from danger or hazard; exemption from hurt, injury, or loss. Up led by thee, Into the heaven I have presumed, An earthly guest . . . With like safety guided down, Return me to my native element. Milton.
2. Freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from libility to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or secure, or of giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc. Would there were any safety in thy sex, That I might put a thousand sorrows off. Beau. & Fl.
3. Preservation from escape; close custody. Imprison him, . . . Deliver him to safety; and return. Shak.
4. (Football)
Defn: Same as Safety touchdown, below. Safety arch (Arch.), a discharging arch. See under Discharge, v. t. — Safety belt, a belt made of some buoyant material, or which is capable of being inflated, so as to enable a person to float in water; a life preserver. — Safety buoy, a buoy to enable a person to float in water; a safety belt. — Safety cage (Mach.), a cage for an elevator or mine lift, having appliances to prevent it from dropping if the lifting rope should break. — Safety lamp. (Mining) See under Lamp. — Safety match, a match which can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the purpose. — Safety pin, a pin made in the form of a clasp, with a guard covering its point so that it will not prick the wearer. — safety plug. See Fusible plug, under Fusible. — Safety switch. See Switch. — Safety touchdown (Football), the act or result of a player's touching to the ground behind his own goal line a ball which received its last impulse from a man on his own side; — distinguished from touchback. See Touchdown. — Safety tube (Chem.), a tube to prevent explosion, or to control delivery of gases by an automatic valvular connection with the outer air; especially, a bent funnel tube with bulbs for adding those reagents which produce unpleasant fumes or violent effervescence. — Safety valve, a valve which is held shut by a spring or weight and opens automatically to permit the escape of steam, or confined gas, water, etc., from a boiler, or other vessel, when the pressure becomes too great for safety; also, sometimes, a similar valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, to prevent collapse.
SAFETY BICYCLESafety bicycle.
Defn: A bicycle with equal or nearly equal wheels, usually 28 inches diameter, driven by pedals connected to the rear (driving) wheel by a multiplying gear.
SAFETY CHAIN Safety chain. (a) (Railroads) A normally slack chain for preventing excessive movement between a truck and a car body in sluing. (b) An auxiliary watch chain, secured to the clothes, usually out of sight, to prevent stealing of the watch. (c) A chain of sheet metal links with an elongated hole through each broad end, made up by doubling the first link on itself, slipping the next link through and doubling, and so on.
SAFFLOWSaf"flow, n. (Bot.)
Defn: The safflower. [Obs.]
SAFFLOWER Saf"flow`er, n. Etym: [F. safeur, safior, for safran, influenced by fleur flower. See Saffron, and Flower.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: An annual composite plant (Carthamus tinctorius), the flowers of which are used as a dyestuff and in making rouge; bastard, or false, saffron.
2. The died flowers of the Carthamus tinctorius.
3. A dyestuff from these flowers. See Safranin (b). Oil of safflower, a purgative oil expressed from the seeds of the safflower.
SAFFRON Saf"fron, n. Etym: [OE. saffran, F. safran; cf. It. zafferano, Sp. azafran, Pg. açafrao; all fr. Ar. & Per. za' faran.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A bulbous iridaceous plant (Crocus sativus) having blue flowers with large yellow stigmas. See Crocus.
2. The aromatic, pungent, dried stigmas, usually with part of the stile, of the Crocus sativus. Saffron is used in cookery, and in coloring confectionery, liquors, varnishes, etc., and was formerly much used in medicine.
3. An orange or deep yellow color, like that of the stigmas of theCrocus sativus. Bastard saffron, Dyer's saffron. (Bot.) SeeSafflower.— Meadow saffron (Bot.), a bulbous plant (Colchichum autumnate) ofEurope, resembling saffron.— Saffron wood (Bot.), the yellowish wood of a South African tree(Elæodendron croceum); also, the tree itself.— Saffron yellow, a shade of yellow like that obtained from thestigmas of the true saffron (Crocus sativus).
SAFFRONSaf"fron, a.
Defn: Having the color of the stigmas of saffron flowers; deep orange-yellow; as, a saffron face; a saffron streamer.
SAFFRONSaf"fron, v. t.
Defn: To give color and flavor to, as by means of saffron; to spice.[Obs.]And in Latyn I speak a wordes few, To saffron with my predication.Chaucer.
SAFFRONYSaf"fron*y, a.
Defn: Having a color somewhat like saffron; yellowish. Lord (1630).
SAFRANIN Saf"ra*nin, n. (Chem.) (a) An orange-red dyestuff extracted from the saffron. [R.] (b) A red dyestuff extracted from the safflower, and formerly used in dyeing wool, silk, and cotton pink and scarlet; — called also Spanish red, China lake, and carthamin. (c) An orange-red dyestuff prepared from certain nitro compounds of creosol, and used as a substitute for the safflower dye.
SAFRANINE Saf"ra*nine ( or ), n. Etym: [So called because used as a substitute for safranin.] (Chem.)
Defn: An orange-red nitrogenous dyestuff produced artificailly by oxidizing certain aniline derivatives, and used in dyeing silk and wool; also, any one of the series of which safranine proper is the type.
SAGSag, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sagged; p. pr. & vb. n. Sagging.] Etym:[Akin to Sw. sacka to settle, sink down, LG.sacken, D. zakken. Cf.Sink, v. i.]
1. To sink, in the middle, by its weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane; as, a line or cable supported by its ends sags, though tightly drawn; the floor of a room sags; hence, to lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position; as, a building may sag one way or another; a door sags on its hinges.
2. Fig.: To lose firmness or elasticity; to sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits, under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be unsettled or unbalanced. [R.] the mind I sway by, and the heart I bear, Shall never sag with doubt nor shake with fear. Shak.
3. To loiter in walking; to idle along; to drag or droop heavily. To sag to leeward (Naut.), to make much leeway by reason of the wind, sea, or current; to drift to leeward; — said of a vessel. Totten.
SAGSag, v. t.
Defn: To cause to bend or give way; to load.
SAGSag, n.
Defn: State of sinking or bending; sagging.
SAGA Sa"ga, n.; pl. Sagas. Etym: [Icel., akin to E. saw a saying. See Say, and cf. Saw.]
Defn: A Scandinavian legend, or heroic or mythic tradition, among theNorsemen and kindred people; a northern European popular historicalor religious tale of olden time.And then the blue-eyed Norseman told A saga of the days of old.Longfellow.
SAGACIOUSSa*ga"cious, a. Etym: [L. sagax, sagacis, akin to sagire to perceivequickly or keenly, and probably to E. seek. See Seek, and cf.Presage.]
1. Of quick sense perceptions; keen-scented; skilled in following a trail. Sagacious of his quarry from so far. Milton.
2. Hence, of quick intellectual perceptions; of keen penetration and judgment; discerning and judicious; knowing; far-sighted; shrewd; sage; wise; as, a sagacious man; a sagacious remark. Instinct . . . makes them, many times, sagacious above our apprehension. Dr. H. More. Only sagacious heads light on these observations, and reduce them into general propositions. Locke.
Syn.— See Shrewd.— Sa*ga"cious*ly, adv.— Sa-ga"cious*ness, n.
SAGACITYSa*gac"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. sagacitas. See Sagacious.]
Defn: The quality of being sagacious; quickness or acuteness of senseperceptions; keenness of discernment or penetration with soundness ofjudgment; shrewdness.Some [brutes] show that nice sagacity of smell. Cowper.Natural sagacity improved by generous education. V. Knox.
Syn. — Penetration; shrewdness; judiciousness. — Sagacity, Penetration. Penetration enables us to enter into the depths of an abstruse subject, to detect motives, plans, etc. Sagacity adds to penetration a keen, practical judgment, which enables one to guard against the designs of others, and to turn everything to the best possible advantage.
SAGAMORESag"a*more, n.
1. Etym: [Cf. Sachem.]
Defn: The head of a tribe among the American Indians; a chief; — generally used as synonymous with sachem, but some writters distinguished between them, making the sachem a chief of the first rank, and a sagamore one of the second rank. "Be it sagamore, sachem, or powwow." Longfellow.
2. A juice used in medicine. [Obs.] Johnson.
SAGAPENSag"a*pen, n.
Defn: Sagapenum.
SAGAPENUM Sag`a*pe"num, n. Etym: [L. sagapenon, sacopenium, Gr. sagapin, gomme sagapin, sagapénum, Ar. sikbinaj, Per. sakbinah, sikbinah.] (Med.)
Defn: A fetid gum resin obtained from a species of Ferula. It has been used in hysteria, etc., but is now seldom met with. U. S. Disp.
SAGATHYSag"a*thy, n. Etym: [F. sagatis: cf. Sp. sagatí, saetí.]
Defn: A mixed woven fabric of silk and cotton; or silk and wool; sayette; also, a light woolen fabric.
SAGE Sage, n. Etym: [OE. sauge, F. sauge, L. salvia, from salvus saved, in allusion to its reputed healing virtues. See Safe.] (Bot.) (a) A suffriticose labiate plant (Salvia officinalis) with grayish green foliage, much used in flavoring meats, etc. The name is often extended to the whole genus, of which many species are cultivated for ornament, as the scarlet sage, and Mexican red and blue sage. (b) The sagebrush. Meadow sage (Bot.), a blue-flowered species of salvia (S. pratensis) growing in meadows in Europe. — Sage cheese, cheese flavored with sage, and colored green by the juice of leaves of spanish and other plants which are added to the milk. — Sage cock (Zoöl.), the male of the sage grouse; in a more general sense, the specific name of the sage grouse. — Sage green, of a dull grayish green color, like the leaves of garden sage. — Sage grouse (Zoöl.), a very large American grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), native of the dry sagebrush plains of Western North America. Called also cock of the plains. The male is called sage cock, and the female sage hen. — Sage hare, or Sage rabbit (Zoöl.), a species of hare (Lepus Nuttalli, or artemisia) which inhabits the regions of Western North America and lives among sagebrush. By recent writers it is considered to be merely a variety of the common cottontail, or wood rabbit. — Sage hen (Zoöl.), the female of the sage grouse. Sage sparrow (Zoöl.), a small sparrow (Amphispiza Belli, var Nevadensis) which inhabits the dry plains of the Rocky Mountain region, living among sagebrush. — Sage thrasher (Zoöl.), a singing bird (Oroscoptes montanus) which inhabits the sagebrush plains of Western North America. — Sage willow (Bot.), a species of willow (Salix tristis) forming a low bush with nearly sessile grayish green leaves.
SAGE Sage, a. [Compar. Sager; superl. Sagest.] Etym: [F., fr. L. sapius (only in nesapius unwise, foolish), fr. sapere to be wise; perhaps akin to E. sap. Cf. Savor, Sapient, Insipid.]
1. Having nice discernment and powers of judging; prudent; grave; sagacious. All you sage counselors, hence! Shak.
2. Proceeding from wisdom; well judged; shrewd; well adapted to the purpose. Commanders, who, cloaking their fear under show of sage advice, counseled the general to retreat. Milton.
3. Grave; serious; solemn. [R.] "[Great bards.] in sage and solemn tunes have sung." Milton.
Syn.— Wise; sagacious; sapient; grave; prudent; judicious.
SAGESage, n.
Defn: A wise man; a man of gravity and wisdom; especially, a man venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave philosopher. At his birth a star, Unseen before in heaven, proclaims him come, And guides the Eastern sages. Milton.
SAGEBRUSHSage"brush`, n.
Defn: A low irregular shrub (Artemisia tridentata), of the orderCompositæ, covering vast tracts of the dry alkaline regions of theAmerican plains; — called also sagebush, and wild sage.
SAGEBRUSH STATESagebrush State.
Defn: Nevada; — a nickname.
SAGELYSage"ly, adv.
Defn: In a sage manner; wisely.
SAGENESa*gene", n. Etym: [Russ. sajene.]
Defn: A Russian measure of length equal to about seven English feet.
SAGENESSSage"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being sage; wisdom; sagacity; prudence; gravity. Ascham.
SAGENITESag"e*nite, n. Etym: [F. sagénite, fr. L. sagena a large net. SeeSaine.] (Min.)
Defn: Acicular rutile occurring in reticulated forms imbedded in quartz.
SAGENITICSag`e*nit"ic, a. (Min.)
Defn: Resembling sagenite; — applied to quartz when containing acicular crystals of other minerals, most commonly rutile, also tourmaline, actinolite, and the like.
SAGGERSag"ger, n. Etym: [See Segger.]
1. A pot or case of fire clay, in which fine stoneware is inclosed while baking in the kiln; a segga.
2. The clay of which such pots or cases are made.
SAGGINGSag"ging, n.
Defn: A bending or sinking between the ends of a thing, in consequence of its own, or an imposed, weight; an arching downward in the middle, as of a ship after straining. Cf. Hogging.
SAGINATE Sag"i*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. saginatus, p.p. of saginare to fat, fr. sagina stuffing.]
Defn: To make fat; to pamper. [R.] "Many a saginated boar." Cowper.
SAGINATIONSag`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. saginatio.]
Defn: The act of fettening or pampering. [R.] Topsell.
SAGITTASa*git"ta, n. Etym: [L., an arrow.]
1. (Astron.)
Defn: A small constellation north of Aquila; the Arrow.
2. (Arch.)
Defn: The keystone of an arch. [R.] gwitt.
3. (Geom.)
Defn: The distance from a point in a curve to the chord; also, the versed sine of an arc; — so called from its resemblance to an arrow resting on the bow and string. [Obs.]
4. (Anat.)
Defn: The larger of the two otoliths, or ear bones, found in most fishes.
5. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of transparent, free-swimming marine worms having lateral and caudal fins, and capable of swimming rapidly. It is the type of the class Chætognatha.
SAGITTALSag"it*tal, a. Etym: [L. sagitta an arrow: cf. F. saguttal.]
1. Of or pertaining to an arrow; resembling an arrow; furnished with an arowlike appendage.
2. (Anat.) (a) Of or pertaining to the sagittal suture; in the region of the sagittal suture; rabdoidal; as, the sagittal furrow, or groove, on the inner surface of the roof of the skull. (b) In the mesial plane; as, a sagittal section of an animal. Sagittal suture (Anat.), the suture between the two parietal bones in the top of the skull; — called also rabdoidal suture, and interparietal suture.
SAGITTARIUS Sag`it*ta"ri*us, n. Etym: [L., literally, an archer, fr. sagittarius belonging to an arrow, fr. sagitta an arrow.] (Astron.) (a) The ninth of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about November 22, marked thus [&sagittarius;] in almanacs; the Archer. (b) A zodiacal constellation, represented on maps and globes as a centaur shooting an arrow.
SAGITTARYSag"it*ta"ry, n. Etym: [See Sagittarius.]
1. (Myth.)
Defn: A centaur; a fabulous being, half man, half horse, armed with a bow and quiver. Shak.
2. The Arsenal in Venice; — so called from having a figure of an archer over the door. Shak.
SAGITTARYSag"it*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. sagittarius.]
Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, an arrow. Sir T. Browne.
SAGITTATESag"it*tate, a. Etym: [NL. sagittatus, fr. L. sagitta an arrow.]
Defn: Shaped like an arrowhead; triangular, with the two basal angles prolonged downward.
SAGITTATEDSag"it*ta`ted, a.
Defn: Sagittal; sagittate.
SAGITTOCYSTSag"it*to*cyst, n. Etym: [See Sagitta, and Cyst.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A defensive cell containing a minute rodlike structure which may be expelled. Such cells are found in certain Turbellaria.
SAGOSa"go, n. Etym: [Malay. sagu.]
Defn: A dry granulated starch imported from the East Indies, much used for making puddings and as an article of diet for the sick; also, as starch, for stiffening textile fabrics. It is prepared from the stems of several East Indian and Malayan palm trees, but chiefly from the Metroxylon Sagu; also from several cycadaceous plants (Cycas revoluta, Zamia integrifolia, atc.). Portland sago, a kind of sago prepared from the corms of the cuckoopint (Arum maculatum). — Sago palm. (Bot.) (a) A palm tree which yields sago. (b) A species of Cycas (Cycas revoluta). — Sago spleen (Med.), a morbid condition of the spleen, produced by amyloid degeneration of the organ, in which a cross section shows scattered gray translucent bodies looking like grains of sago.
SAGOIN Sa*goin", n. Etym: [F. sagouin(formed from the native South American name).] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A marmoset; — called also sagouin.
SAGUM Sa"gum, n.; pl. Saga. Etym: [L. sagum, sagus; cf. Gr. Say a kind of serge.] (Rom. Antiq.)
Defn: The military cloak of the Roman soldiers.
SAGUS sa"gus, n. Etym: [NL. See Sago.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of palms from which sago is obtained.
SAGYSa"gy, a.
Defn: Full of sage; seasoned with sage.
SAHIB; SAHEBSa"hib, sa"heb, n. Etym: [Ar. çahib master, lord, fem. çahibah.]
Defn: A respectful title or appelation given to Europeans of rank.[India]
SAHIBAHSa"hi*bah, n. Etym: [See Sahib.]
Defn: A lady; mistress. [India]
SAHIDICSa*hid"ic, a.
Defn: Same as Thebaic.
SAHLITESah"lite, n. (Min.)
Defn: See Salite.
SAHUISa*hui", n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A marmoset.
SAISa"i, n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. sahi.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Capuchin, 3 (a).
SAIBLINGSai"bling, n. Etym: [Dial. G.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A European mountain trout (Salvelinus alpinus); — called alsoBavarian charr.
SAICSa"ic, n. Etym: [F. saïque, turk. shaïka.] (Naut.)
Defn: A kind of ketch very common in the Levant, which has neither topgallant sail nor mizzen topsail.
SAIDSaid,
Defn: imp. & p. p. of Say.
SAIDSaid, a.
Defn: before-mentioned; already spoken of or specified; aforesaid; — used chiefly in legal style.
SAIGASai"ga, n. Etym: [Russ. saika.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An antelope (Saiga Tartarica) native of the plains of Siberia and Eastern Russia. The male has erect annulated horns, and tufts of long hair beneath the eyes and ears.
SAIKYRSai"kyr, n. (Mil.)
Defn: Same as Saker. [Obs.]
SAIL Sail, n. Etym: [OE. seil, AS. segel, segl; akin to D. zeil, OHG. segal, G. & Sw. segel, Icel. segl, Dan. seil. sq. root 153.]
1. An extent of canvas or other fabric by means of which the wind is made serviceable as a power for propelling vessels through the water. Behoves him now both sail and oar. Milton.
2. Anything resembling a sail, or regarded as a sail.
3. A wing; a van. [Poetic] Like an eagle soaring To weather his broad sails. Spenser .
4. the extended surface of the arm of a windmill.
5. A sailing vessel; a vessel of any kind; a craft.
Note: In this sense, the plural has usually the same forms as the singular; as, twenty sail were in sight.
6. A passage by a sailing vessel; a journey or excursion upon the water.
Note: Sails are of two general kinds, fore-and-aft sails, and square sails. Square sails are always bent to yards, with their foot lying across the line of the vessel. Fore-and-aft sails are set upon stays or gaffs with their foot in line with the keel. A fore-and-aft sail is triangular, or quadrilateral with the after leech longer than the fore leech. Square sails are quardrilateral, but not necessarily square. See Phrases under Fore, a., and Square, a.; also, Bark, Brig, Schooner, Ship, Stay. Sail burton (Naut.), a purchase for hoisting sails aloft for bending. — Sail fluke (Zoöl.), the whiff. — Sail hook, a small hook used in making sails, to hold the seams square. — Sail loft, a loft or room where sails are cut out and made. — Sail room (Naut.), a room in a vessel where sails are stowed when not in use. — Sail yard (Naut.), the yard or spar on which a sail is extended. — Shoulder-of-mutton sail (Naut.), a triangular sail of peculiar form. It is chiefly used to set on a boat's mast. — To crowd sail. (Naut.) See under Crowd. — To loose sails (Naut.), to unfurl or spread sails. — To make sail (Naut.), to extend an additional quantity of sail. — To set a sail (Naut.), to extend or spread a sail to the wind. — To set sail (Naut.), to unfurl or spread the sails; hence, to begin a voyage. — To shorten sail (Naut.), to reduce the extent of sail, or take in a part. — To strike sail (Naut.), to lower the sails suddenly, as in saluting, or in sudden gusts of wind; hence, to acknowledge inferiority; to abate pretension. — Under sail, having the sails spread.
SAILSail, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Sailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Sailing.] Etym:[AS. segelian, seglian. See Sail, n.]
1. To be impelled or driven forward by the action of wind upon sails, as a ship on water; to be impelled on a body of water by the action of steam or other power.
2. To move through or on the water; to swim, as a fish or a water fowl.
3. To be conveyed in a vessel on water; to pass by water; as, they sailed from London to Canton.
4. To set sail; to begin a voyage.
5. To move smoothly through the air; to glide through the air without apparent exertion, as a bird. As is a winged messenger of heaven, . . . When he bestrides the lazy pacing clouds, And sails upon the bosom of the air. Shak.
SAILSail, v. t.
1. To pass or move upon, as in a ship, by means of sails; hence, to move or journey upon(the water) by means of steam or other force. A thousand ships were manned to sail the sea. Dryden.
2. To fly through; to glide or move smoothly through. Sublime she sails The aërial space, and mounts the winged gales. Pope.
3. To direct or manage the motion of, as a vessel; as, to sail one's own ship. Totten.
SAILABLESail"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being sailed over; navigable; as, a sailable river.
SAILBOATSail"boat`, n.
Defn: A boat propelled by a sail or sails.
SAILCLOTHSail"cloth`, n.
Defn: Duck or canvas used in making sails.
SAILERSail"er, n.
1. A sailor. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.
2. A ship or other vessel; — with qualifying words descriptive of speed or manner of sailing; as, a heavy sailer; a fast sailer.
SAILFISH Sail"fish, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The banner fish, or spikefish (Histiophorus.) (b) The basking, or liver, shark. (c) The quillback.
SAILINGSail"ing, n.
1. The act of one who, or that which, sails; the motion of a vessel on water, impelled by wind or steam; the act of starting on a voyage.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: The art of managing a vessel; seamanship; navigation; as, globular sailing; oblique sailing.
Note: For the several methods of sailing, see under Circular, Globular, Oblique, Parallel, etc. Sailing master (U. S. Navy), formerly, a warrant officer, ranking next below a lieutenant, whose duties were to navigate the vessel; and under the direction of the executive officer, to attend to the stowage of the hold, to the cables, rigging, etc. The grade was merged in that of master in 1862.
SAILLESSSail"less, a.
Defn: Destitute of sails. Pollok.
SAILMAKERSail"mak`er, n.
Defn: One whose occupation is to make or repair sails.— Sail"mak`ing, n.
SAILORSail"or, n.
Defn: One who follows the business of navigating ships or other vessels; one who understands the practical management of ships; one of the crew of a vessel; a mariner; a common seaman.
Syn. — Mariner; seaman; seafarer. Sailor's choice. (Zoöl.) (a) An excellent marine food fish (Diplodus, or Lagodon, rhomboides) of the Southern United States; — called also porgy, squirrel fish, yellowtail, and salt-water bream. (b) A species of grunt (Orthopristis, or Pomadasys, chrysopterus), an excellent food fish, common on the southern coasts of the United States; — called also hogfish, and pigfish.
SAILYSail"y, a.
Defn: Like a sail. [R.] Drayton.
SAIMSaim, n. Etym: [OF. sain, LL. saginum, fr. L. sagina a fattening.]
Defn: Lard; grease. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]
SAIMIRSai*mir", n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The squirrel monkey.
SAINSain, obs. p. p. of Say, for sayen.
Defn: Said. Shak.
SAINSain, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Saint, Sane.]
Defn: To sanctify; to bless so as to protect from evil influence.[R.] Sir W. Scott.
SAINFOIN Sain"foin, n. Etym: [F., fr. sain wholesome (L. sanus; see Sane.) + foin hay (L. fænum); or perh. fr. saint sacred (L. sanctus; see Saint) + foin hay.] (Bot.) (a) A leguminous plant (Onobrychis sativa) cultivated for fodder. [Written also saintfoin.] (b) A kind of tick trefoil (Desmodium Canadense). [Canada]
SAINT Saint, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. santcus sacred, properly p.p. of sancire to render sacred by a religious act, to appoint as sacred; akin to sacer sacred. Cf. Sacred, Sanctity, Sanctum, Sanctus.]
1. A person sanctified; a holy or godly person; one eminent for piety and virtue; any true Christian, as being redeemed and consecrated to God. Them that are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints. 1 Cor. i. 2.
2. One of the blessed in heaven. Then shall thy saints, unmixed, and from the impure Far separate, circling thy holy mount, Unfeigned hallelujahs to thee sing. Milton.
3. (Eccl.)
Defn: One canonized by the church. [Abbrev. St.] Saint Andrew's cross (a) A cross shaped like the letter X. See Illust. 4, under Cross. (b) (Bot.) A low North American shrub (Ascyrum Crux-Andræ, the petals of which have the form of a Saint Andrew's cross. Gray. — Saint Anthony's cross, a T-shaped cross. See Illust. 6, under Cross. — Saint Anthony's fire, the erysipelas; — popularly so called because it was supposed to have been cured by the intercession of Saint Anthony. — Saint Anthony's nut (Bot.), the groundnut (Bunium flexuosum); — so called because swine feed on it, and St. Anthony was once a swineherd. Dr. Prior. — Saint Anthony's turnip (Bot.), the bulbous crowfoot, a favorite food of swine. Dr. Prior. — Saint Barnaby's thistle (Bot.), a kind of knapeweed (Centaurea solstitialis) flowering on St. Barnabas's Day, June 11th. Dr. Prior. — Saint Bernard (Zoöl.), a breed of large, handsome dogs celebrated for strength and sagacity, formerly bred chiefly at the Hospice of St. Bernard in Switzerland, but now common in Europe and America. There are two races, the smooth-haired and the rough-haired. See Illust. under Dog. — Saint Catharine's flower (Bot.), the plant love-a-mist. See under Love. — Saint Cuthbert's beads (Paleon.), the fossil joints of crinoid stems. — Saint Dabeoc's heath (Bot.), a heatherlike plant (Dabæcia polifolia), named from an Irish saint. — Saint Distaff's Day. See under Distaff. — Saint Elmo's fire, a luminious, flamelike appearance, sometimes seen in dark, tempestuous nights, at some prominent point on a ship, particularly at the masthead and the yardams. It has also been observed on land, and is due to the discharge of electricity from elevated or pointed objects. A single flame is called a Helena, or a Corposant; a double, or twin, flame is called a Castor and Pollux, or a double Corposant. It takes its name from St. Elmo, the patron saint of sailors. — Saint George's cross (Her.), a Greek cross gules upon a field argent, the field being represented by a narrow fimbriation in the ensign, or union jack, of Great Britain. — Saint George's ensign, a red cross on a white field with a union jack in the upper corner next the mast. It is the distinguishing badge of ships of the royal navy of England; — called also the white ensign. Brande & C. — Saint George's flag, a smaller flag resembling the ensign, but without the union jack; used as the sign of the presence and command of an admiral. [Eng.] Brande & C. — Saint Gobain glass (Chem.), a fine variety of soda-lime plate glass, so called from St.Gobain in France, where it was manufactured. — Saint Ignatius's bean (Bot.), the seed of a tree of the Philippines (Strychnos Ignatia), of properties similar to the nux vomica. — Saint Jame's shell (Zoöl.), a pecten (Vola Jacobæus) worn by piligrims to the Holy Land. See Illust. under Scallop. — Saint Jame's wort (Bot.), a kind of ragwort (Senecio Jacobæa). — Saint John's bread. (Bot.) See Carob. — Saint John's-wort (Bot.), any plant of the genus Hypericum, most species of which have yellow flowers; — called also John's-wort. — Saint Leger, the name of a race for three-year-old horses run annually in September at Doncaster, England; — instituted in 1776 by Col. St. Leger. — Saint Martin's herb (Bot.), a small tropical American violaceous plant (Sauvagesia erecta). It is very mucilaginous and is used in medicine.
— Saint Martin's summer, a season of mild, damp weather frequently prevailing during late autumn in England and the Mediterranean countries; — so called from St. Martin's Festival, occuring on November 11. It corresponds to the Indian summer in America. Shak. Whitier. — Saint Patrick's cross. See Illust 4, under Cross. — Saint Patrick's Day, the 17th of March, anniversary of the death (about 466) of St. Patrick, the apostle and patron saint of Ireland. — Saint Peter's fish. (Zoöl.) See John Dory, under John. — Saint Peter's-wort (Bot.), a name of several plants, as Hypericum Ascyron, H. quadrangulum, Ascyrum stans, etc. — Saint Peter's wreath (Bot.), a shrubby kind of Spiræa (S. hypericifolia), having long slender branches covered with clusters of small white blossoms in spring. — Saint's bell. See Sanctus bell, under Sanctus. — Saint Vitus's dance (Med.), chorea; — so called from the supposed cures wrought on intercession to this saint.
SAINTSaint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sainted; p. pr. & vb. n. Sainting.]
Defn: To make a saint of; to enroll among the saints by an offical act, as of the pope; to canonize; to give the title or reputation of a saint to (some one). A large hospital, erected by a shoemaker who has been beatified, though never sainted. Addison. To saint it, to act as a saint, or with a show of piety. Whether the charmer sinner it or saint it. Shak.
SAINTSaint, v. i.
Defn: To act or live as a saint. [R.] Shak.
SAINTDOMSaint"dom, n.
Defn: The state or character of a saint. [R.] Tennyson.
SAINTEDSaint"ed, a.
1. Consecrated; sacred; holy; pious. "A most sainted king." Shak. Amongst the enthroned gods on sainted seats. Milton.
2. Entered into heaven; — a euphemism for dead.
SAINTESSSaint"ess, n.
Defn: A female saint. [R.] Bp. Fisher.
SAINTHOODSaint"hood, n.
1. The state of being a saint; the condition of a saint. Walpole.
2. The order, or united body, of saints; saints, considered collectively. It was supposed he felt no call to anu expedition that might sainthood. Sir W. Scott.
SAINTISHSaint"ish, a.
Defn: Somewhat saintlike; — used ironically.
SAINTISMSaint"ism, n.
Defn: The character or quality of saints; also, hypocritical pretense of holiness. Wood.
SAINTLIKESaint"like`, a.
Defn: Resembling a saint; suiting a saint; becoming a saint; saintly.Glossed over only with a saintlike show. Dryden.
SAINTLINESSSaint"li*ness, n.
Defn: Quality of being saintly.
SAINTLYSaint"ly, a. [Compar. Saintlier; superl. Saintliest.]
Defn: Like a saint; becoming a holy person.So dear to Heaven is saintly chastity. Milton.
SAINTOLOGISTSaint*ol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Saint + -logy + -ist.] (Theol.)
Defn: One who writes the lives of saints. [R.]
SAINTSHIPSaint"ship, n.
Defn: The character or qualities of a saint.
SAINT-SIMONIANSaint`-Si*mo"ni*an, n.
Defn: A follower of the Count de St. Simon, who died in 1825, and who maintained that the principle of property held in common, and the just division of the fruits of common labor among the members of society, are the true remedy for the social evils which exist. Brande & C.
SAINT-SIMONIANISMSaint`-Si*mo"ni*an*ism, n.
Defn: The principles, doctrines, or practice of the Saint-Simonians; — called also Saint-Simonism.
SAINT-SIMONISMSaint-Si"mon*ism, n.
Defn: A system of socialism in which the state owns all the property and the laborer is entitled to share according to the quality and amount of his work, founded by Saint Simon (1760-1825).
SAITHSaith,
Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Say. [Archaic]
SAITHESaithe, n. Etym: [Gael. saoidheam.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pollock, or coalfish; — called also sillock. [Scot.]
SAIVASai"va ( or ), n. Etym: [Skr. çaiva devoted to Siva.]
Defn: One of an important religious sect in India which regards Siva with peculiar veneration.
SAIVISMSai"vism, n.
Defn: The worship of Siva.
SAJENESa*jene", n.
Defn: Same as Sagene.
SAJOUSa"jou (; F. , n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Sapajou.
SAKE Sake, n. Etym: [OE. sake cause, also, lawsuit, fault, AS. sacu strife, a cause or suit at law; akin to D. zaak cause, thing, affair, G. sache thing, cause in law, OHG. sahha, Icel. sök, Sw. sak, Dan. sag, Goth. sakj strife, AS. sacan to contend, strive, Goth. sakan, Icel. saka to contend, strive, blame, OHG. sahhan, MHG. sachen, to contend, strive, defend one's right, accuse, charge in a lawsuit, and also to E. seek. Cf. Seek.]
Defn: Final cause; end; purpose of obtaining; cause; motive; reason; interest; concern; account; regard or respect; — used chiefly in such phrases as, for the sake, for his sake, for man's sake, for mercy's sake, and the like; as, to commit crime for the sake of gain; to go abroad for the sake of one's health. Moved with wrath and shame and ladies; sake. Spenser. I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake. Gen. viii. 21. Will he draw out, For anger's sake, finite to infinite Milton. Knowledge is for the sake of man, and not man for the sake of knowledge. Sir W. Hamilton.
Note: The -s of the possessive case preceding sake is sometimesomitted for euphony; as, for goodness sake. "For conscience sake." 1Cor. x. 28. The plural sakes is often used with a possessive plural."For both our sakes." Shak.