SUPPLICATESup"pli*cate, v. i.
Defn: To make petition with earnestness and submission; to implore.A man can not brook to supplicate or beg. Bacon.
SUPPLICATINGLYSup"pli*ca`ting*ly, adv.
Defn: In a supplicating manner.
SUPPLICATIONSup`pli*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F. supplication, L. supplicatio.]
1. The act of supplicating; humble and earnest prayer, as in worship.
2. A humble petition; an earnest request; an entreaty.
3. (Rom. Antiq.)
Defn: A religious solemnity observed in consequence of some military success, and also, in times of distress and danger, to avert the anger of the gods.
Syn.— Entreaty; petition; solicitation; craving.
SUPPLICATORSup"pli*ca`tor, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: One who supplicates; a supplicant.
SUPPLICATORYSup"pli*ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. supplicatoire.]
Defn: Containing supplication; humble; earnest.
SUPPLIERSup*pli"er, n.
Defn: One who supplies.
SUPPLYSup*ply", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supplied; p. pr. & vb. n. Supplying.]Etym: [For older supploy, F. suppléer, OF. also supployer, (assumed)LL. suppletare, from L. supplere, suppletum; sub under + plere tofill, akin to plenus full. See Plenty.]
1. To fill up, or keep full; to furnish with what is wanted; to afford, or furnish with, a sufficiency; as, rivers are supplied by smaller streams; an aqueduct supplies an artificial lake; — often followed by with before the thing furnished; as, to supply a furnace with fuel; to supply soldiers with ammunition.
2. To serve instead of; to take the place of. Burning ships the banished sun supply. Waller. The sun was set, and Vesper, to supply His absent beams, had lighted up the sky. Dryden.
3. To fill temporarily; to serve as substitute for another in, as a vacant place or office; to occupy; to have possession of; as, to supply a pulpit.
4. To give; to bring or furnish; to provide; as, to supply money for the war. Prior.
Syn. — To furnish; provide; administer; minister; contribute; yield; accommodate.
SUPPLYSup*ply", n.; pl. Supplies (.
1. The act of supplying; supplial. A. Tucker.
2. That which supplies a want; sufficiency of things for use or want. Specifically: — (a) Auxiliary troops or reënforcements. "My promised supply of horsemen." Shak. (b) The food, and the like, which meets the daily necessities of an army or other large body of men; store; — used chiefly in the plural; as, the army was discontented for lack of supplies. (c) An amount of money provided, as by Parliament or Congress, to meet the annual national expenditures; generally in the plural; as, to vote supplies. (d) A person who fills a place for a time; one who supplies the place of another; a substitute; esp., a clergyman who supplies a vacant pulpit. Stated supply (Eccl.), a clergyman employed to supply a pulpit for a definite time, but not settled as a pastor. [U.S.] — Supply and demand. (Polit. Econ.) "Demand means the quantity of a given article which would be taken at a given price. Supply means the quantity of that article which could be had at that price." F. A. Walker.
SUPPLYSup*ply", a.
Defn: Serving to contain, deliver, or regulate a supply of anything; as, a supply tank or valve. Supply system (Zoöl.), the system of tubes and canals in sponges by means of which food and water are absorbed. See Illust. of Spongiæ.
SUPPLYANTSup*ply"ant, a.
Defn: Supplying or aiding; auxiliary; suppletory. [Obs.] Shak.
SUPPLYMENTSup*ply"ment, n.
Defn: A supplying or furnishing; supply. [Obs.] Shak.
SUPPORTSup*port", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supported; p. pr. & vb. n.Supporting.] Etym: [F. supporter, L. supportare to carry on, toconvey, in LL., to support, sustain; sub under + portare to carry.See Port demeanor.]
1. To bear by being under; to keep from falling; to uphold; to sustain, in a literal or physical sense; to prop up; to bear the weight of; as, a pillar supports a structure; an abutment supports an arch; the trunk of a tree supports the branches.
2. To endure without being overcome, exhausted, or changed in character; to sustain; as, to support pain, distress, or misfortunes. This fierce demeanor and his insolence The patience of a god could not support. Dryden.
3. To keep from failing or sinking; to solace under affictive circumstances; to assist; to encourage; to defend; as, to support the courage or spirits.
4. To assume and carry successfully, as the part of an actor; to represent or act; to sustain; as, to support the character of King Lear.
5. To furnish with the means of sustenance or livelihood; to maintain; to provide for; as, to support a family; to support the ministers of the gospel.
6. To carry on; to enable to continue; to maintain; as, to support a war or a contest; to support an argument or a debate.
7. To verify; to make good; to substantiate; to establish; to sustain; as, the testimony is not sufficient to support the charges; the evidence will not support the statements or allegations. To urge such arguments, as though they were sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy. J. Edwards.
8. To vindicate; to maintain; to defend successfully; as, to be able to support one's own cause.
9. To uphold by aid or countenance; to aid; to help; to back up; as, to support a friend or a party; to support the present administration. Wherefore, bold pleasant, Darest thou support a published traitor Shak.
10. A attend as an honorary assistant; as, a chairman supported by a vice chairman; O'Connell left the prison, supported by his two sons. Support arms (Mil.), a command in the manual of arms in responce to which the piece is held vertically at the shoulder, with the hammer resting on the left forearm, which is passed horizontally across the body in front; also, the position assumed in response to this command.
Syn. — To maintain; endure; verify; substantiate; countenance; patronize; help; back; second; succor; relieve; uphold; encourage; favor; nurture; nourish; cherish; shield; defend; protect; stay; assist; forward.
SUPPORTSup*port", n. Etym: [F.]
1. The act, state, or operation of supporting, upholding, or sustaining.
2. That which upholds, sustains, or keeps from falling, as a prop, a pillar, or a foundation of any kind.
3. That which maintains or preserves from being overcome, falling, yielding, sinking, giving way, or the like; subsistence; maintenance; assistance; reënforcement; as, he gave his family a good support, the support of national credit; the assaulting column had the support of a battery. Points of support (Arch.), the horizontal area of the solids of a building, walls, piers, and the like, as compared with the open or vacant spaces. — Right of support (Law), an easement or servitude by which the owner of a house has a right to rest his timber on the walls of his neighbor's house. Kent.
Syn. — Stay; prop; maintenance; subsistence; assistance; favor; countenance; encouragement; patronage; aid; help; succor; nutriment; sustenance; food.
SUPPORTABLESup*port"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. supportable.]
Defn: Capable of being supported, maintained, or endured; endurable.— Sup*port"a*ble*ness, n.— Sup*port"a*bly, adv.
SUPPORTANCESup*port"ance, n.
Defn: Support. [Obs.] Shak.
SUPPORTATIONSup`por*ta"tion, n.
Defn: Maintenance; support. [Obs.] Chaucer. Bacon.
SUPPORTERSup*port"er, n.
1. One who, or that which, supports; as, oxygen is a supporter oflife.The sockets and supporters of flowers are figured. Bacon.The saints have a . . . supporter in all their miseries. South.
2. Especially, an adherent; one who sustains, advocates, and defends; as, the supporter of a party, faction, or candidate.
3. (Shipbuilding)
Defn: A knee placed under the cathead.
4. (Her.)
Defn: A figure, sometimes of a man, but commonly of some animal, placed on either side of an escutcheon, and exterior to it. Usually, both supporters of an escutcheon are similar figures.
5. (Med.)
Defn: A broad band or truss for supporting the abdomen or some other part or organ.
SUPPORTFULSup*port"ful, a.
Defn: Abounding with support. [Obs.] Chapman.
SUPPORTLESSSup*port"less, a.
Defn: Having no support. Milton.
SUPPORTMENTSup*port"ment, n.
Defn: Support. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
SUPPORTRESSSup*port"ress, n.
Defn: A female supporter. [R.]You are my gracious patroness and supportress. Massinger.
SUPPOSABLESup*pos"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being supposed, or imagined to exist; as, that isnot a supposable case.— Sup*pos"a*ble*ness, n.— Sup*pos"a*bly, adv.
SUPPOSALSup*pos"al, n.
Defn: The act of supposing; also, that which is supposed; supposition; opinion. Shak. Interest, with a Jew, never proceeds but upon supposal, at least, of a firm and sufficient bottom. South.
SUPPOSE Sup*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Supposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Supposing.] Etym: [F. supposer; pref. sub- under + poser to place; — corresponding in meaning to L. supponere, suppositum, to put under, to substitute, falsify, counterfeit. See Pose.]
1. To represent to one's self, or state to another, not as true or real, but as if so, and with a view to some consequence or application which the reality would involve or admit of; to imagine or admit to exist, for the sake of argument or illustration; to assume to be true; as, let us suppose the earth to be the center of the system, what would be the result Suppose they take offence without a cause. Shak. When we have as great assurance that a thing is, as we could possibly, supposing it were, we ought not to make any doubt of its existence. Tillotson.
2. To imagine; to believe; to receive as true. How easy is a bush supposed a bear! Shak. Let not my lord suppose that they have slain all the young men, the king's sons; for Amnon only is dead. 2 Sam. xiii. 32.
3. To require to exist or to be true; to imply by the laws of thought or of nature; as, purpose supposes foresight. One falsehood always supposes another, and renders all you can say suspected. Female Quixote.
4. To put by fraud in the place of another. [Obs.]
Syn. — To imagine; believe; conclude; judge; consider; view; regard; conjecture; assume.
SUPPOSESup*pose", v. i.
Defn: To make supposition; to think; to be of opinion. Acts ii. 15.
SUPPOSESup*pose", n.
Defn: Supposition. [Obs.] Shak. "A base suppose that he is honest."Dryden.
SUPPOSEERSup*pose"er, n.
Defn: One who supposes.
SUPPOSITION Sup`po*si"tion, n. Etym: [F. supposition, L. suppositio a placing under, a substitution, fr. supponere, suppositium, to put under, to substitute. The word has the meaning corresponding to suppose. See Sub-, and Position.]
1. The act of supposing, laying down, imagining, or considering as true or existing, what is known not to be true, or what is not proved.
2. That which is supposed; hypothesis; conjecture; surmise; opinion or belief without sufficient evidence. This is only an infallibility upon supposition that if a thing be true, it is imposible to be false. Tillotson. He means are in supposition. Shak.
SUPPOSITIONALSup`po*si"tion*al, a.
Defn: Resting on supposition; hypothetical; conjectural; supposed.South.
SUPPOSITITIOUSSup*pos`i*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. suppositicus. See Supposition.]
1. Fraudulently substituted for something else; not being what is purports to be; not genuine; spurious; counterfeit; as, a supposititious child; a supposititious writing. Bacon.
2. Suppositional; hypothetical. [R.] Woodward.— Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ly, adv.— Sup*pos`i*ti"tious*ness, n.
SUPPOSITIVESup*pos"i*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. suppositif.]
Defn: Including or implying supposition, or hypothesis; supposed.— Sup*pos"i*tive*ly, adv. Hammond.
SUPPOSITIVESup*pos"i*tive, n.
Defn: A word denoting or implying supposition, as the words if, granting, provided, etc. Harris.
SUPPOSITORSup*pos"i*tor, n. (Med.)
Defn: An apparatus for the introduction of suppositories into the rectum.
SUPPOSITORYSup*pos"i*to*ry, n.; pl. Suppositories. Etym: [LL. suppositorium, fr.L. suppositorius that is placed underneath: cf. F. suppositoire. SeeSupposition.] (Med.)
Defn: A pill or bolus for introduction into the rectum; esp., a cylinder or cone of medicated cacao butter.
SUPPOSURESup*po"sure, n.
Defn: Supposition; hypothesis; conjecture. [Obs.] Hudibras.
SUPPRESSSup*press", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Suppressed; p. pr. & vb. n.Suppressing.] Etym: [L. suppressus, p.p. of supprimere to suppress;sub under + premere, pressum, to press. See Sub-, and Press.]
1. To overpower and crush; to subdue; to put down; to quell. Every rebellion, when it is suppressed, doth make the subject weaker, and the prince stronger. Sir J. Davies.
2. To keep in; to restrain from utterance or vent; as, to suppress the voice; to suppress a smile. Sir W. Scott.
3. To retain without disclosure; to conceal; not to reveal; to prevent publication of; as, to suppress evidence; to suppress a pamphlet; to suppress the truth. She suppresses the name, and this keeps him in a pleasing suspense. Broome.
4. To stop; to restrain; to arrest the discharges of; as, to suppress a diarrhea, or a hemorrhage.
Syn. — To repress; restrain; put down; overthrow; overpower; overwhelm; conceal; stifle; stop; smother.
SUPPRESSIBLESup*press"i*ble, a.
Defn: That may be suppressed.
SUPPRESSIONSup*pres"sion, n. Etym: [L. suppressio: cf. F. suppression.]
1. The act of suppressing, or the state of being suppressed; repression; as, the suppression of a riot, insurrection, or tumult; the suppression of truth, of reports, of evidence, and the like.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Complete stoppage of a natural secretion or excretion; as, suppression of urine; — used in contradiction to retention, which signifies that the secretion or excretion is retained without expulsion. Quain.
3. (Gram.)
Defn: Omission; as, the suppression of a word.
Syn. — Overthrow; destruction; concealment; repression; detention; retention; obstruction.
SUPPRESSIVESup*press"ive, a.
Defn: Tending to suppress; subduing; concealing.
SUPPRESSORSup*press"or, n. Etym: [L., hider.]
Defn: One who suppresses.
SUPPRISESup*prise", v. t.
Defn: To surprise. [Obs.] Chaucer.
SUPPURANTSup"pu*rant, n. (Med.)
Defn: A suppurative.
SUPPURATESup"pu*rate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Suppurated; p. pr. & vb. n.Suppurating.] Etym: [L. suppuratus, p.p. of suppurare to suppurate,cause to suppurate; sub under + pus, puris, matter. See Pus.]
Defn: To generate pus; as, a boil or abscess suppurates.
SUPPURATESup"pu*rate, v. t.
Defn: To cause to generate pus; as, to suppurate a sore. Arbuthnot.
SUPPURATIONSup`pu*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. suppuratio: cf. F. suppuration.]
1. The act or process of suppurating.
2. The matter produced by suppuration; pus.
SUPPURATIVESup"pu*ra*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. suppuratif.]
Defn: Tending to suppurate; promoting suppuration. Suppurative fever(Med.), pyæmia.
SUPPURATIVESup"pu*ra*tive, n. (Med.)
Defn: A suppurative medicine.
SUPPUTATESup"pu*tate, v. t. Etym: [L. supputatus, p.p. of supputare. SeeSuppute.]
Defn: To suppute. [Obs.]
SUPPUTATIONSup`pu*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. supputatio: cf. F. supputation.]
Defn: Reckoning; account. [Obs.]
SUPPUTE Sup*pute", v. t. Etym: [F. supputer, or L. supputare; sub under + putare to reckon.]
Defn: To reckon; to compute; to suppose; to impute. [Obs.] Drayton.
SUPRASu"pra, adv. Etym: [L.; akin to super. See Super-.]
Defn: Over; above; before; also, beyond; besides; — much used as a prefix.
SUPRA-ACROMIALSu`pra-a*cro"mi*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the acromial process of the scapula.
SUPRA-ANGULARSu`pra-an"gu*lar, a. (Anat.)
Defn: See Surangular.
SUPRA-AURICULARSu`pra-au*ric"u*lar, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Situated above the ear coverts, or auriculars; — said of certain feathers of birds. — n.
Defn: A supra-auricular feather.
SUPRA-AXILLARYSu"pra-ax"il*la*ry, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Growing above the axil; inserted above the axil, as a peduncle.See Suprafoliaceous.
SUPRABRANCHIALSu`pra*bran"chi*al, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Situated above the branchiæ; — applied especially to the upper division of the gill cavity of bivalve mollusks.
SUPRACHOROID; SUPRACHOROIDALSu`pra*cho"roid, Su`pra*cho*roid"al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the choroid; — applied to the layer of the choroid coat of the eyeball next to the sclerotic.
SUPRACILIARYSu`pra*cil"i*a*ry, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Superciliary.
SUPRACLAVICLESu`pra*clav"i*cle, n. (Anat.)
Defn: A bone which usually connects the clavicle with the post- temporal in the pectorial arch of fishes.
SUPRACLAVICULAR Su`pra*cla*vic"u*lar, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated above the clavicle. (b) Of or pertaining to the supraclavicle.
SUPRACONDYLAR; SUPRACONDYLOIDSu`pra*con"dy*lar, Su`pra*con"dy*loid, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above a condyle or condyles.
SUPRACOSTALSu`pra*cos"tal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or on the outside of, the ribs.
SUPRACRANIALSu`pra*cra"ni*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or in the roof of, the cranium.
SUPRACRETACEOUSSu`pra*cre*ta"ceous, a. (Geol.)
Defn: Lying above the chalk; Supercretaceous.
SUPRADECOMPOUNDSu`pra*de*com"pound, a. (Bot.)
Defn: More than decompound; divided many times.
SUPRA-ESOPHAGAL; SUPRA-ESOPHAGEALSu`pra-e*soph"a*gal, Su`pra-e`so*phag"e*al, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)
Defn: Situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the esophagus; as, the supra-esophageal ganglion of Crustacea. [Written also supra- oesophagal, and supra-oesophageal.]
SUPRA-ETHMOIDSu`pra-eth"moid, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Above, or on the dorsal side of, the ethmoid bone or cartilage.
SUPRAFOLIACEOUSSu`pra*fo`li*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Inserted into the stem above the leaf, petiole, or axil, as a peduncle or flower.
SUPRAGLOTICSu`pra*glot"ic, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the glottis; — applied to that part of the cavity of the larynx above the true vocal cords.
SUPRAHEPATICSu`pra*he*pat"ic, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated over, or on the dorsal side of, the liver; — applied to the branches of the hepatic veins.
SUPRAHYOIDSu`pra*hy"oid, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Hyomental.
SUPRA-ILIUMSu`pra-il"i*um, n. (Anat.)
Defn: The cartilaginous cap at the sacral end of the ilium of some animals.
SUPRALAPSARIANSu`pra*lap*sa"ri*an, n. Etym: [Supra- + lapse: cf. F. supralapsaire.](Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: One of that class of Calvinists who believed that God's decree of election determined that man should fall, in order that the opportunity might be furnished of securing the redemption of a part of the race, the decree of salvation being conceived of as formed before or beyond, and not after or following, the lapse, or fall. Cf. Infralapsarian.
SUPRALAPSARIANSu`pra*lap*sa"ri*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Supralapsarians, or their doctrine.
SUPRALAPSARIANISMSu`pra*lap*sa"ri*an*ism, n.
Defn: The doctrine, belief, or principles of the Supralapsarians.
SUPRALAPSARYSu`pra*lap"sa*ry, a.
Defn: Supralapsarian.
SUPRALAPSARYSu`pra*lap"sa*ry, n.
Defn: A Supralapsarian.
SUPRALORALSu`pra*lo"ral, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Situated above the lores; as, the supraloral feathers of a bird. — n.
Defn: A supraloral feather.
SUPRALUNAR; SUPRALUNARYSu`pra*lu"nar, Su`pra*lu"na*ry, a.
Defn: Beyond the moon; hence, very lofty.
SUPRAMAXILLASu`pra*max"il*la, n.; pl. Supramaxillæ (. (Anat.)
Defn: The upper jaw or maxilla.
SUPRAMAXILLARY Su`pra*max"il*la*ry, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated over the lower jaw; as, the supramaxillary nerve. (b) Of or pertaining to the upper jaw.
SUPRAMUNDANESu`pra*mun"dane, a.
Defn: Being or situated above the world or above our system; celestial.
SUPRANATURALISMSu`pra*nat"u*ral*ism, n.
Defn: The state of being supernatural; belief in supernatural agency or revelation; supernaturalism.
SUPRANATURALISTSu`pra*nat"u*ral*ist, n.
Defn: A supernaturalist.
SUPRANATURALIST; SUPRANATURALISTICSu`pra*nat"u*ral*ist, Su`pra*nat`u*ral*is"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to supernaturalism; supernaturalistic.
SUPRAOCCIPITALSu`pra*oc*cip"i*tal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated over, or in the upper part of, the occiput; of or pertaining to the supraoccipital bone. — n.
Defn: The supraoccipital bone. Supraoccipital bone (Anat.), a bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young.
SUPRAOCULARSu`pra*oc"u*lar, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Above the eyes; — said of certain scales of fishes and reptiles.
SUPRA-OESOPHAGALSu`pra-oe*soph"a*gal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: See Supra-esophagal.
SUPRAORBITAL; SUPRAORBITARSu`pra*or"bit*al, Su`pra*or"bit*ar, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the orbit of the eye. Supraorbital point (Anat.), the middle point of the supraorbital line, which is a line drawn across the narrowest part of the forehead, separating the face from the cranium; the ophryon.
SUPRAPEDALSu*prap"e*dal, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Situated above the foot of a mollusk; as, the suprapedal gland.
SUPRAPROTESTSu`pra*pro"test, n. (Mercantile Law)
Defn: An acceptance of a bill by a third person after protest for nonacceptance by the drawee. Burrill.
SUPRAPUBIAN; SUPRAPUBICSu`pra*pu"bi*an, Su`pra*pu"bic, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or anterior to, the pubic bone.
SUPRARENALSu`pra*re"nal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or anterior to, the kidneys.— n.
Defn: A suprarenal capsule. Suprarenal capsules (Anat.), two small bodies of unknown function in front of, or near, the kidneys in most vertebrates. Also called renal capsules, and suprarenal bodies.
SUPRASCALPULAR; SUPRASCALPULARYSu`pra*scalp"u*lar, Su`pra*scalp"u*la*ry, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or on the anterior side of, the scapula.
SUPRASPHENOIDALSu`pra*sphe*noid"al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the sphenoidal bone; as, the suprasphenoidal appendage, or pituitary body.
SUPRASPINAL Su`pra*spi"nal, a. (Anat.) (a) Situated above the vertebral column. (b) Situated above a spine or spines; supraspinate; supraspinous.
SUPRASPINATE; SUPRASPINOUSSu`pra*spi"nate, Su`pra*spi"nous, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above a spine or spines; especially, situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the neural spines of the vertebral column, or above, or in front of, the spine of the scapula.
SUPRASTAPEDIALSu`pra*sta*pe"di*al, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, that part of the columella of the ear which projects above the connection with the stapes, as in many animals. — n.
Defn: The suprastapedial part of the columella.
SUPRASTERNALSu`pra*ster"nal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above, or anterior to, the sternum.
SUPRATEMPORALSu`pra*tem"po*ral, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above the temporal bone or temporal fossa.— n.
Defn: A supratemporal bone.
SUPRATROCHLEARSu`pra*troch"le*ar, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated over or above a trochlea or trochlear surface; — applied esp. to one of the subdivisions of the trigeminal nerve.
SUPRAVAGINALSu`pra*vag"i*nal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Situated above or outside a sheath or vaginal membrane.
SUPRAVISIONSu`pra*vi"sion, n.
Defn: Supervision. [Obs.]
SUPRAVISORSu`pra*vis"or, n.
Defn: A supervisor. [Obs.]
SUPRAVULGARSu`pra*vul"gar, a.
Defn: Being above the vulgar or common people. [R.] Collier.
SUPREMACYSu*prem"a*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. suprématie. See Supreme.]
Defn: The state of being supreme, or in the highest station of power; highest or supreme authority or power; as, the supremacy of a king or a parliament. The usurped power of the pope being destroyed, the crown was restored to its supremacy over spiritual men and causes. Blackstone. Oath supremacy, an oath which acknowledges the supremacy of the sovereign in spiritual affairs, and renounced or abjures the supremacy of the pope in ecclesiastical or temporal affairs. [Eng.] Brande & C.
SUPREMESu*preme", a. Etym: [L. supremus, superlative of superus that isabove, upper, fr. super above: cf. F. suprême. See Super-, and cf.Sum.]
1. Highest in authority; holding the highest place in authority, government, or power. He that is the supreme King of kings. Shak.
2. Highest; greatest; most excellent or most extreme; utmost; greatist possible (sometimes in a bad sense); as, supreme love; supreme glory; supreme magnanimity; supreme folly. Each would be supreme within its own sphere, and those spheres could not but clash. De Quincey.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: Situated at the highest part or point. The Supreme, theAlmighty; God.
SUPREMELYSu*preme"ly, adv.
Defn: In a supreme manner.
SUPREMITYSu*prem"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. supremitas.]
Defn: Supremacy. [Obs.] Fuller.
SUR-Sur-. Etym: [F. sur over, above, contr. fr. L. super, supra. SeeSuper-.]
Defn: A prefix signifying over, above, beyond, upon.
SURASu"ra, n. Etym: [Ar., a step, a degree.]
Defn: One of the sections or chapters of the Koran, which are one hundred and fourteen in number.
SURADANNISu`ra*dan"ni, n.
Defn: A valuable kind of wood obtained on the shores of the Demerara River in South America, much used for timbers, rails, naves and fellies of wheels, and the like.
SURADDITIONSur`ad*di"tion, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: Something added or appended, as to a name. [Obs.] Shak.
SURAHSu"rah, n.
Defn: A soft twilled silk fabric much used for women's dresses; — called also surah silk.
SURALSu"ral, a. Etym: [L. sura the calf of the leg: cf. F. sural.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the calf of the leg; as, the sural arteries.
SURANCESur"ance, n.
Defn: Assurance. [Obs.] Shak.
SURANGULARSur*an"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. sur- + angular.] (Anat.)
Defn: Above the angular bone; supra-angular; — applied to a bone of the lower jaw in many reptiles and birds. — n.
Defn: The surangular bone.
SURBASESur"base`, n. Etym: [Pref. sur- + base.]
1. (Arch.)
Defn: A cornice, or series of moldings, on the top of the base of a pedestal, podium, etc. See Illust. of Column.
2. A board or group of moldings running round a room on a level with the tops of the chair backs. Knight.
SURBASED Sur"based`, a. (Arch.) (a) Having a surbase, or molding above the base. (b) Etym: [F. surbaissé.]
Defn: Having the vertical height from springing line to crown less than the half span; — said of an arch; as, a segmental arch is surbased.
SURBATESur*bate", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surbated; p. pr. & vb. n. Surbating.]Etym: [F. solbatu, p.p., bruised (said of a horse's foot); sole asole (of a horse's foot) + battu, p.p. of battre to beat.]
1. To make sore or bruise, as the feet by travel. [Obs.] Lest they their fins should bruise, and surbate sore Their tender feet upon the stony ground. Spenser. Chalky land surbates and spoils oxen's feet. Mortimer.
2. To harass; to fatigue. [Obs.] Clarendon.
SURBEATSur*beat", v. t.
Defn: Same as Surbate. [Obs.]
SURBEDSur*bed", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surbedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Surbedding.]Etym: [Pref. sur- + bed.]
Defn: To set edgewise, as a stone; that is, to set it in a position different from that which it had in the quarry. It . . . has something of a grain parallel with the horizon, and therefore should not be surbedded. Gilbert White.
SURBETSur*bet", v. t.
Defn: Same as Surbate. [Obs.]
SURBETSur*bet", a.
Defn: Surbated; bruised. [Obs.] Spenser.
SURCEASE Sur*cease", n. Etym: [F. sursis, from sursis, p.p. of surseoir to suspend, postpone, defer, in OF., to delay, refrain from, forbear, L. supersedere. Surcease is not connected with E. cease. See Supersede.]
Defn: Cessation; stop; end. "Not desire, but its surcease."Longfellow.It is time that there were an end and surcease made of this immodestand deformed manner of writing. Bacon.
SURCEASESur*cease", v. t.
Defn: To cause to cease; to end. [Obs.] "The waves . . . their rangesurceast." Spenser.The nations, overawed, surceased the fight. Dryden.
SURCEASESur*cease", v. i.
Defn: To cease. [Obs.]
SURCEASEANCESur*cease"ance, n.
Defn: Cessation. [Obs.]
SURCHARGESur*charge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surcharged; p. pr. & vb. n.Surcharging.] Etym: [F. surcharger. See Sur-, and Charge, and cf.Overcharge, Supercharge, Supercargo.]
1. To overload; to overburden; to overmatch; to overcharge; as, to surcharge a beast or a ship; to surcharge a cannon. Four charged two, and two surcharged one. Spenser. Your head reclined, as hiding grief from view, Droops like a rose surcharged with morning dew. Dryden.
2. (Law) (a) To overstock; especially, to put more cattle into, as a common, than the person has a right to do, or more than the herbage will sustain. Blackstone. (b) (Equity) To show an omission in (an account) for which credit ought to have been given. Story. Daniel.
SURCHARGESur*charge", n. Etym: [F.]
1. An overcharge; an excessive load or burden; a load greater than can well be borne. A numerous nobility causeth poverty and inconvenience in a state, for it is surcharge of expense. Bacon.
2. (Law) (a) The putting, by a commoner, of more beasts on the common than he has a right to. (b) (Equity) The showing an omission, as in an account, for which credit ought to have been given. Burrill.
SURCHARGEMENTSur*charge"ment, n.
Defn: The act of surcharging; also, surcharge, surplus. [Obs.]Daniel.
SURCHARGERSur*char"ger, n.
Defn: One who surcharges.
SURCINGLESur"cin`gle, n. Etym: [OE. sursengle, OF. sursangle. See Sur-, andCingle, Shingles.]
1. A belt, band, or girth which passes over a saddle, or over anything laid on a horse's back, to bind it fast.
2. (Eccl.)
Defn: The girdle of a cassock, by which it is fastened round the waist.
SURCINGLEDSur"cin`gled, a.
Defn: Bound with the surcingle.
SURCLESur"cle, n. Etym: [L. surculus.]
Defn: A little shoot; a twig; a sucker. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
SURCLOYSur"cloy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surcloyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Surcloying.]
Defn: To surfeit. [Obs.]
SURCOAT Sur"coat`, n. Etym: [OE. surcote, OF. surcote. See Sur-, and Coat, and cf. Overcoat.]
1. A coat worn over the other garments; especially, the long and flowing garment of knights, worn over the armor, and frequently emblazoned with the arms of the wearer. A long surcoat of pers upon he had.. Chaucer. At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn. Emerson.
2. A name given to the outer garment of either sex at different epochs of the Middle Ages.
SURCREW Sur"crew`, n. Etym: [From F. surcroît increase, or surcrû, p.p. of surcroître to overgrow.]
Defn: Increase; addition; surplus. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.
SURCULATE Sur"cu*late, v. t. Etym: [L. surculatus, p.p. of surculare to purne, from surculus a shoot, sprout. See Surcle.]
Defn: To purne; to trim. [Obs.] Cockeram.
SURCULATIONSur`cu*la"tion, n.
Defn: Act of purning. [Obs.]
SURCULOSESur"cu*lose`, a. Etym: [CF. L. sucrulosus woody. See Surcle.] (Bot.)
Defn: Producing suckers, or shoots resembling suckers.
SURD Surd, a. Etym: [L. surdus deaf (whence the meaning, deaf to reason, irrational), perhaps akin to E. swart. Cf. Sordine.]
1. Net having the sense of hearing; deaf. [Obs.] "A surd . . . generation." Sir T. Browne.
2. Unheard. [Obs.] Kenrick.
3. (Math.)
Defn: Involving surds; not capable of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a surd expression or quantity; a surd number.
4. (Phonetics)
Defn: Uttered, as an element of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless; unintonated; nonvocal; atonic; whispered; aspirated; sharp; hard, as f, p, s, etc.; — opposed to sonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§169, 179, 180.
SURDSurd, n. (Math.)
1. A quantity which can not be expressed by rational numbers; thus, *2 is a surd.
2. (Phon.)
Defn: A surd element of speech. See Surd, a., 4.
SURDALSurd"al, a. (Math.)
Defn: Same as Surd, a., 3.
SURDINYSurd"i*ny, n.
Defn: A sardine. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
SURDITYSurd"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. surditas.]
Defn: Deafness. [Obs.]
SURESure, a. [Compar. Surer; superl. Surest.] Etym: [OE. sur, OF. seür,F. sûr, L. securus; se aside, without + cura care. See Secure, andcf. Assure, Insure, Sicker sure.]
1. Certainly knowing and believing; confident beyond doubt; implicity trusting; unquestioning; positive. We are sure that the judgment of God is according to truth against them which commit such things. Rom. ii. 2. I'm sure care 's an enemy of life. Shak.
2. Certain to find or retain; as, to be sure of game; to be sure of success; to be sure of life or health.
3. Fit or worthy to be depended on; certain not to fail or disappoint expectation; unfailing; strong; permanent; enduring. "His sure word." Keble. The Lord will certainly make my lord a sure house; because my lord fighteth the battles of the Lord. 1 Sam. xxv. 28. The testimony of the Lord is sure. Ps. xix. 7. Which put in good sure leather sacks. Chapman.
4. Betrothed; engaged to marry. [Obs.] The king was sure to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and her husband before God. Sir T. More. I presume . . . that you had been sure as fast as faith could bind you, man and wife. Brome.
5. Free from danger; safe; secure. Fear not; the forest is not three leagues off; If we recover that we are sure enough. Shak. — To be sure, or Be sure, certainly; without doubt; as, Shall you do To be sure I shall. — To make sure. (a) To make certain; to secure so that there can be no failure of the purpose or object. "Make Cato sure." Addison. "A peace can not fail, provided we make sure of Spain." Sir W. Temple. (b) To betroth. [Obs.] She that's made sure to him she loves not well. Cotgrave.
Syn. — Certain; unfailing; infallible; safe; firm; permanent; steady; stable; strong; secure; indisputable; confident; positive.
SURESure, adv.
Defn: In a sure manner; safely; certainly. "Great, sure, shall be thymeed." Spenser.'T is pleasant, sure, to see one's name in print. Byron.
SURE-FOOTEDSure"-foot`ed, a.
Defn: Not liable to stumble or fall; as, a sure-footed horse.
SURELYSure"ly, adv.
1. In a sure or certain manner; certainly; infallibly; undoubtedly; assuredly. In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Gen. ii. 17. He that created something out of nothing, surely can raise great things out of small. South.
2. Without danger; firmly; steadly; securely. He that walketh uprightly walketh surely. Prov. x. 9.
SUREMENTSure"ment, n.
Defn: A making sure; surety. [Obs.]Every surement and every bond. Chaucer.
SURENESSSure"ness, n.
Defn: The state of being sure; certainty.For more sureness he repeats it. Woodward.The law holds with equal sureness for all right action. Emerson.
SURESBYSures"by, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain. See Rudesby.]
Defn: One to be sure of, or to be relied on. [Obs.] There is one which is suresby, as they say, to serve, if anything will serve. Bradford.
SURETISHIPSure"ti*ship, n.
Defn: Suretyship. Prov. xi. 15.
SURETYSure"ty, n.; pl. Sureties. Etym: [OE. seurte, OF. seürté, F. sûreté.See Sure, Security.]
1. The state of being sure; certainty; security. Know of a surety, that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs. Gen. xv. 13. For the more surety they looked round about. Sir P. Sidney.
2. That which makes sure; that which confirms; ground of confidenceor security.[We] our happy state Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds;On other surety none. Milton.
3. Security against loss or damage; security for payment, or for theperformance of some act.There remains unpaid A hundred thousand more; in surety of the whichOne part of Aquitaine is bound to us. Shak.
4. (Law)
Defn: One who is bound with and for another who is primarily liable, and who is called the principal; one who engages to answer for another's appearance in court, or for his payment of a debt, or for performance of some act; a bondsman; a bail. He that is surety for a stranger shall smart for it. Prov. xi. 15.
5. Hence, a substitute; a hostage. Cowper.
6. Evidence; confirmation; warrant. [Obs.] She called the saints to surety, That she would never put it from her finger, Unless she gave it to yourself. Shak.
SURETYSure"ty, v. t.
Defn: To act as surety for. [Obs.] Shak.
SURETYSHIPSure"ty*ship, n.
Defn: The state of being surety; the obligation of a person to answer for the debt, default, or miscarriage of another. Bouvier.
SURFSurf, n. Etym: [Formerly spelled suffe, and probably the same word asE. sough.]
Defn: The swell of the sea which breaks upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping beach. Surf bird (Zoöl.), a ploverlike bird of the genus Aphriza, allied to the turnstone. — Surf clam (Zoöl.), a large clam living on the open coast, especially Mactra, or Spisula, solidissima. See Mactra. — Surf duck (Zoöl.), any one of several species of sea ducks of the genus Oidemia, especially O. percpicillata; — called also surf scoter. See the Note under Scoter. — Surf fish (Zoöl.), any one of numerous species of California embiotocoid fishes. See Embiotocoid. — Surf smelt. (Zoöl.) See Smelt. — Surf whiting. (Zoöl.) See under Whiting.
SURFSurf, n.
Defn: The bottom of a drain. [Prov. Eng.]
SURFACESur"face`, n. Etym: [F. See Sur-, and Face, and cf. Superficial.]
1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, esp. the upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body. The bright surface of this ethereous mold. Milton.
2. Hence, outward or external appearance. Vain and weak understandings, which penetrate no deeper than the surface. V. Knox.
3. (Geom.)
Defn: A magnitude that has length and breadth without thickness; superficies; as, a plane surface; a spherical surface.
4. (Fort.)
Defn: That part of the side which is terminated by the flank prolonged, and the angle of the nearest bastion. Stocqueler. Caustic surface, Heating surface, etc. See under Caustic, Heating, etc. — Surface condensation, Surface condenser. See under Condensation, and Condenser. — Surface gauge (Mach.), an instrument consisting of a standard having a flat base and carrying an adjustable pointer, for gauging the evenness of a surface or its height, or for marking a line parallel with a surface. — Surface grub (Zoöl.), the larva of the great yellow underwing moth (Triphoena pronuba). It is often destructive to the roots of grasses and other plants. — Surface plate (Mach.), a plate having an accurately dressed flat surface, used as a standard of flatness by which to test other surfaces. — Surface printing, printing from a surface in relief, as from type, in distinction from plate printing, in which the ink is contained in engraved lines.
SURFACESur"face, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surfaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Surfacing.]
1. To give a surface to; especially, to cause to have a smooth or plain surface; to make smooth or plain.
2. To work over the surface or soil of, as ground, in hunting for gold.
SURFACE LOADINGSur"face load`ing. (Aëronautics)
Defn: The weight supported per square unit of surface; the quotient obtained by dividing the gross weight, in pounds, of a fully loaded flying machine, by the total area, in square feet, of its supporting surface.
SURFACERSur"fa*cer, n.
Defn: A form of machine for dressing the surface of wood, metal, stone, etc.
SURFACE TENSIONSur"face ten"sion. (Physics)
Defn: That property, due to molecular forces, which exists in the surface film of all liquids and tends to bring the contained volume into a form having the least superficial area. The thickness of this film, amounting to less than a thousandth of a millimeter, is considered to equal the radius of the sphere of molecular action, that is, the greatest distance at which there is cohesion between two particles. Particles lying below this film, being equally acted on from all sides, are in equilibrium as to forces of cohesion, but those in the film are on the whole attracted inward, and tension results.
SURFBOATSurf"boat`, n. (Naut.)
Defn: A boat intended for use in heavy surf. It is built with a pronounced sheer, and with a view to resist the shock of waves and of contact with the beach.
SURFEIT Sur"feit, n. Etym: [OE. surfet, OF. surfait, sorfait, excess, arrogance, crime, fr. surfaire, sorfaire, to augment, exaggerate, F. surfaire to overcharge; sur over + faire to make, do, L. facere. See Sur-, and Fact.]
1. Excess in eating and drinking. Let not Sir Surfeit sit at thy board. Piers Plowman. Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made. Shak.
2. Fullness and oppression of the system, occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking. To prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those that heat their blood by travels. Bunyan.
3. Disgust caused by excess; satiety. Sir P. Sidney. Matter and argument have been supplied abundantly, and even to surfeit. Burke.
SURFEITSur"feit, v. i.
1. To load the stomach with food, so that sickness or uneasiness ensues; to eat to excess. They are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing. Shak.
2. To indulge to satiety in any gratification.
SURFEITSur"feit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surfeited; p. pr. & vb. n. Surfeiting.]
1. To feed so as to oppress the stomach and derange the function of the system; to overfeed, and produce satiety, sickness, or uneasiness; — often reflexive; as, to surfeit one's self with sweets.
2. To fill to satiety and disgust; to cloy; as, he surfeits us with compliments. V. Knox.
SURFEITERSur"feit*er, n.
Defn: One who surfeits. Shak.
SURFEIT-WATERSur"feit-wa`ter, n.
Defn: Water for the cure of surfeits. [Obs.] Locke.
SURFEL; SURFLESur"fel, Sur"fle, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Sulphur.]
Defn: To wash, as the face, with a cosmetic water, said by some to be prepared from the sulphur. [Obs.] She shall no oftener powder her hair, [or] surfel her cheeks, . . . but she shall as often gaze on my picture. Ford.
SURFERSurf"er, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The surf duck. [U. S.]
SURFMANSurf"man, n.; pl. Surmen (.
Defn: One who serves in a surfboat in the life-saving service.
SURFOOTSur"foot`, a.
Defn: Tired or sore of foot from travel; lamed. [Obs.] Nares.
SURFYSurf"y, a.
Defn: Consisting of, abounding in, or resembling, surf; as, a surfyshore.Scarce had they cleared the surfy waves That foam around thosefrightful caves. Moore.
SURGE Surge, n. Etym: [L. surgere, surrectum, to raise, to rise; sub under + regere to direct: cf. OF. surgeon, sourgeon, fountain. See Regent, and cf. Insurrection, Sortie, Source.]
1. A spring; a fountain. [Obs.] "Divers surges and springs of water." Ld. Berners.
2. A large wave or billow; a great, rolling swell of water, produced generally by a high wind. He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed. James i. 6 (Rev. Ver.) He flies aloft, and, with impetuous roar, Pursues the foaming surges to the shore. Dryden.
3. The motion of, or produced by, a great wave.
4. The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips.
SURGESurge, v. i.
1. To swell; to rise hifg and roll. The surging waters like a mountain rise. Spenser.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: To slip along a windlass.
SURGESurge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surged; p. pr. & vb. n. Surging.] Etym:[Cf. F. surgir to cast anchor, to land. Cf. Surge, n.] (Naut.)
Defn: To let go or slacken suddenly, as a rope; as, to surge a hawser or messenger; also, to slacken the rope about (a capstan).
SURGEFULSurge"ful, a.
Defn: Abounding in surges; surgy. "Tossing the surgeful tides."Drayton.
SURGELESSSurge"less, a.
Defn: Free from surges; smooth; calm.
SURGENTSur"gent, a. Etym: [L. surgens, p.pr.]
Defn: Rising; swelling, as a flood. [R.] Robert Greene.
SURGEONSur"geon, n. Etym: [OE. surgien, OF. surgien, contr. fr. chirurgien.See Chirurgeon.]
1. One whose profession or occupation is to cure diseases or injuries of the body by manual operation; one whose occupation is to cure local injuries or disorders (such as wounds, dislocations, tumors, etc.), whether by manual operation, or by medication and constitutional treatment.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of chætodont fishes of the family Teuthidæ, or Acanthuridæ, which have one or two sharp lancelike spines on each side of the base of the tail. Called also surgeon fish, doctor fish, lancet fish, and sea surgeon. Surgeon apothecary, one who unites the practice of surgery with that of the apothecary. Dunglison. — Surgeon dentist, a dental surgeon; a dentist. — Surgeon fish. See def. 2, above. — Surgeon general. (a) In the United States army, the chief of the medical department. (b) In the British army, a surgeon ranking next below the chief of the medical department.
SURGEONCYSur"geon*cy, n.
Defn: The office or employment of a surgeon, as in the naval or military service.
SURGEONRYSur"geon*ry, n.
Defn: Surgery. [Obs.]
SURGERY Sur"ge*ry, n. Etym: [OE. surgenrie, surgerie; cf. OF. cirurgie, F. chirurgie, L. chirurgia, Gr. Surgeon.]
1. The art of healing by manual operation; that branch of medical science which treats of manual operations for the healing of diseases or injuries of the body; that branch of medical science which has for its object the cure of local injuries or diseases, as wounds or fractures, tumors, etc., whether by manual operation or by medicines and constitutional treatment.
2. A surgeon's operating room or laboratory.
SURGICALSur"gi*cal, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to surgeons or surgery; done by means of surgery; used in surgery; as, a surgical operation; surgical instruments. Surgical fever. (Med.) (a) Pyæmia. (b) Traumatic fever, or the fever accompanying inflammation.
SURGICALLYSur"gi*cal*ly, adv.
Defn: By means of surgery.
SURGYSur"gy, a.
Defn: Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance; swelling. "Over the surgy main." Pope.
SURICATSu"ri*cat, n. Etym: [F. surikate, from the native name in SouthAfrica.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Zenick. [Written also suricate, surikate.]
SURINAM TOADSu`ri*nam" toad". (Zoöl.)
Defn: A species of toad native of Surinam. See Pipa.
SURINTENDANTSur`in*tend"ant, n. Etym: [F. See Superintendent.]
Defn: Superintendent. [R.]
SURLILYSur"li*ly, adv.
Defn: In a surly manner.
SURLINESSSur"li*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being surly.
SURLINGSur"ling, n. Etym: [See Surly.]
Defn: A sour, morose fellow. [Obs.] Camden.
SURLOIN Sur"loin`, n. Etym: [F. surlonge; sur upon + longe loin. See Sur-, and Loin.]
Defn: A loin of beef, or the upper part of the loin. See Sirloin, the more usual, but not etymologically preferable, orthography.
SURLY Sur"ly, a. [Compar. Surlier; superl. Surliest.] Etym: [Probably from sir, and originally meaning, sirlike, i.e., proud. See Sir, and Like, a.]
1. Arrogant; haughty. [Obs.] Cotgrave.
2. Gloomily morose; ill-natured, abrupt, and rude; severe; sour; crabbed; rough; sullen; gloomy; as, a surly groom; a surly dog; surly language; a surly look. "That surly spirit, melancholy." Shak.
3. Rough; dark; tempestuous. Now softened into joy the surly storm. Thomson.
SURMARKSur"mark`, n. (Shipbuilding)
Defn: A mark made on the molds of a ship, when building, to show where the angles of the timbers are to be placed. [Written also sirmark.]
SURMISABLESur*mis"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being surmised; as, a surmisable result.
SURMISALSur*mis"al, n.
Defn: Surmise. [R.] Milton.
SURMISE Sur*mise", n. Etym: [OF. surmise accusation, fr. surmettre, p.p. surmis, to impose, accuse; sur (see Sur-) + mettre to put, set, L. mittere to send. See Mission.]
1. A thought, imagination, or conjecture, which is based upon feeble or scanty evidence; suspicion; guess; as, the surmisses of jealousy or of envy. [We] double honor gain From his surmise proved false. Milton. No man ought to be charged with principles he actually disowns, unless his practicies contradict his profession; not upon small surmises. Swift.
2. Reflection; thought. [Obs.] Shak.
Syn.— Conjecture; supposition; suspicion; doubt.
SURMISESur*mise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surmised; p. pr. & vb. n. Surmising.]
Defn: To imagine without certain knowledge; to infer on slight grounds; to suppose, conjecture, or suspect; to guess. It wafted nearer yet, and then she knew That what before she but surmised, was true. Dryden. This change was not wrought by altering the form or position of the earth, as was surmised by a very learned man, but by dissolving it. Woodward.
SURMISERSur*mis"er, n.
Defn: One who surmises.
SURMISINGSur*mis"ing, a. & n.
Defn: from Surmise, v.
SURMOUNTSur*mount", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Surmounted; p. pr. & vb. n.Surmounting.] Etym: [OE. sourmounten, OF. surmonter, sormonter, F.surmonter; sur over + monter to mount. See Sur-, and Mount, v. i.]
1. To rise above; to be higher than; to overtop. The mountains of Olympus, Athos, and Atlas, overreach and surmount all winds and clouds. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. To conquer; to overcome; as, to surmount difficulties or obstacles. Macaulay.
3. To surpass; to exceed. Spenser. What surmounts the reach Of human sense I shall delineate. Milton.
Syn.— To conquer; overcome; vanquish; subdue; surpass; exceed.
SURMOUNTABLESur*mount"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. surmontable.]
Defn: Capable of being surmounted or overcome; superable.— Sur*mount"a*ble*ness, n.