CALINCa"lin, n. Etym: [F., fr. Malay kelany tin, or fr. Kala'a, a town inIndia, fr. which it came.]
Defn: An alloy of lead and tin, of which the Chinese make tea canisters.
CALIPASHCal`i*pash", n. Etym: [F. carapace, Sp. carapacho. Cf Calarash,Carapace.]
Defn: A part of a turtle which is next to the upper shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a dull greenish tinge, much esteemed as a delicacy in preparations of turtle.
CALIPEECal"i*pee, n. Etym: [See Calipash]
Defn: A part of a turtle which is attached to the lower shell. It contains a fatty and gelatinous substance of a light yellowish color, much esteemed as a delicacy. Thackeray.
CALIPERSCal"i*pers, n. pl. Etym: [Corrupted from caliber.]
Defn: An instrument, usually resembling a pair of dividers or compasses with curved legs, for measuring the diameter or thickness of bodies, as of work shaped in a lathe or planer, timber, masts, shot, etc.; or the bore of firearms, tubes, etc.; — called also caliper compasses, or caliber compasses. Caliper square, a draughtsman's or mechanic's square, having a graduated bar and adjustable jaw or jaws. Knight. — Vernier calipers. See Vernier.
CALIPH Ca"liph, n. Etym: [OE. caliphe, califfe, F. calife (cf. Sp. califa), fr. Ar. khalifan successor, fr. khalafa to succed.]
Defn: Successor or vicar; — a title of the successors of Mohammed both as temporal and spiritual rulers, now used by the sultans of Turkey, [Writting also calif.]
CALIPHATECal"i*phate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. califat.]
Defn: The office, dignity, or government of a caliph or of the caliphs.
CALIPPICCa*lip"pic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Calippus, an Athenian astronomer. Calippic period, a period of seventy-six years, proposed by Calippus, as an improvement on the Metonic cycle, since the 6940 days of the Metonic cycle exceeded 19 years by about a quarter of a day, and exceeded 235 lunations by something more.
CALISAYA BARKCal`i*sa"ya bark.
Defn: A valuable kind of Peruvian bark obtained from the CinchonaCalisaya, and other closely related species.
CALISTHENEUMCal`is*the"ne*um, n. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: A gymnasium; esp. one for light physical exercise by women and children.
CALISTHENICCal`is*then"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to calisthenics.
CALISTHENICSCal`is*then"ics, n.
Defn: The science, art, or practice of healthful exercise of the body and limbs, to promote strength and gracefulness; light gymnastics.
CALIVERCal"i*ver, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. caliber.]
Defn: An early form of hand gun, variety of the arquebus; originally a gun having a regular size of bore. [Obs.] Shak.
CALIXCa"lix, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: A cup. See Calyx.
CALK Calk, v. t. [imp. &p. p. Calked; p. pr. & vb. n. Calking.] Etym: [Either corrupted fr. F. calfater (cf. Pg. calafetar, Sp. calafetear), fr. Ar. qalafa to fill up crevices with the fibers of palm tree or moss; or fr. OE. cauken to tred, through the French fr. L. calcare, fr. calx heel. Cf. Calk to copy, Inculcate.]
1. To drive tarred oakum into the seams between the planks of (a ship, boat, etc.), to prevent leaking. The calking is completed by smearing the seams with melted pitch.
2. To make an indentation in the edge of a metal plate, as along a seam in a steam boiler or an iron ship, to force the edge of the upper plate hard against the lower and so fill the crevice.
CALK Calk, v. t. Etym: [E.calquer to trace, It. caicare to trace, to trample, fr. L. calcare to trample, fr. calx heel. Cf. Calcarate.]
Defn: To copy, as a drawing, by rubbing the back of it with red or black chalk, and then passing a blunt style or needle over the lines, so as to leave a tracing on the paper or other thing against which it is laid or held. [Writting also calque]
CALK Calk, n. Etym: [Cf. AS calc shoe, hoof, L. calx, calcis, hel, cälcar, spur.]
1. A sharp-pointed piece or iron or steel projecting downward on the shoe of a nore or an ox, to prevent the animal from slipping; — called also calker, calkin.
2. An instrument with sharp points, worn on the sole of a shoe or boot, to prevent slipping.
CALKCalk, v. i.
1. To furnish with calks, to prevent slipping on ice; as, to calk the shoes of a horse or an ox.
2. To wound with a calk; as when a horse injures a leg or a foot with a calk on one of the other feet.
CALKERCalk"er, n.
1. One who calks.
2. A calk on a shoe. See Calk, n., 1.
CALKINCalk"in, n.
Defn: A calk on a shoe. See Calk, n., 1.
CALKINGCalk"ing, n.
Defn: The act or process of making seems tight, as in ships, or of furnishing with calks, as a shoe, or copying, as a drawing. Calking iron, a tool like a chisel, used in calking ships, tightening seams in ironwork, etc. Their left hand does the calking iron guide. Dryden.
CALL Call, v. i. [imp.& p. p. Called; p. r. & vb. n. Calling] Etym: [OE. callen, AS. ceallin; akin to Icel & Sw. kalla, Dan. kalde, D. kallen to talk, prate, Gr. gar to praise. Cf. Garrulous.]
1. To command or request to come or be present; to summon; as, to call a servant. Call hither Clifford; bid him come amain Shak.
2. To summon to the discharge of a particular duty; to designate for an office, or employment, especially of a religious character; — often used of a divine summons; as, to be called to the ministry; sometimes, to invite; as, to call a minister to be the pastor of a church. Paul . . . called to be an apostle Rom. i. 1. The Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them. Acts xiii. 2.
3. To invite or command to meet; to convoke; — often with together; as, the President called Congress together; to appoint and summon; as, to call a meeting of the Board of Aldermen. Now call we our high court of Parliament. Shak.
4. To give name to; to name; to address, or speak of, by a specifed name. If you would but call me Rosalind. Shak. And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. Gen. i. 5.
5. To regard or characterize as of a certain kind; to denominate; to designate. What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common. Acts x. 15.
6. To state, or estimate, approximately or loosely; to characterize without strict regard to fact; as, they call the distance ten miles; he called it a full day's work. [The] army is called seven hundred thousand men. Brougham.
7. To show or disclose the class, character, or nationality of. [Obs.] This speech calls him Spaniard. Beau. & Fl.
8. To utter in a loud or distinct voice; — often with off; as, to call, or call off, the items of an account; to call the roll of a military company. No parish clerk who calls the psalm so clear. Gay.
9. To invoke; to appeal to. I call God for a witness. 2 Cor. i. 23 [Rev. Ver. ]
10. To rouse from sleep; to awaken. If thou canst awake by four o' the clock. I prithee call me. Sleep hath seized me wholly. Shak. To call a bond, to give notice that the amount of the bond will be paid. — To call a party (Law), to cry aloud his name in open court, and command him to come in and perform some duty requiring his presence at the time on pain of what may befall him. — To call back, to revoke or retract; to recall; to summon back. — To call down, to pray for, as blessing or curses. — To call forth, to bring or summon to action; as, to call forth all the faculties of the mind. — To call in, (a) To collect; as, to call in debts or money; ar to withdraw from cirulation; as, to call in uncurrent coin. (b) To summon to one's side; to invite to come together; as, to call in neighbors. — To call (any one) names, to apply contemptuous names (to any one). — To call off, to summon away; to divert; as, to call off the attention; to call off workmen from their employment. — To call out. (a) To summon to fight; to challenge. (b) To summon into service; as, to call out the militia. — To call over, to recite separate particulars in order, as a roll of names. — To call to account, to demand explanation of. — To call to mind, to recollect; to revive in memory. — To call to order, to request to come to order; as: (a) A public meeting, when opening it for business. (b) A person, when he is transgressing the rules of debate. — To call to the bar, to admit to practice in courts of law. — To call up. (a) To bring into view or recollection; as to call up the image of deceased friend. (b) To bring into action or discussion; to demand the consideration of; as, to call up a bill before a legislative body.
Syn. — To name; denominate; invite; bid; summon; convoke; assemble; collect; exhort; warn; proclaim; invoke; appeal to; designate. To Call, Convoke, Summon. Call is the generic term; as, to call a public meeting. To convoke is to require the assembling of some organized body of men by an act of authority; as, the king convoked Parliament. To summon is to require attendance by an act more or less stringent anthority; as, to summon a witness.
CALLCall, v. i.
1. To speak in loud voice; to cry out; to address by name; —sometimes with to.You must call to the nurse. Shak.The angel of God called to Hagar. Gen. xxi. 17.
2. To make a demand, requirement, or request. They called for rooms, and he showed them one. Bunyan.
3. To make a brief visit; also, to stop at some place designated, as for orders. He ordered her to call at the house once a week. Temple. To call for (a) To demand; to require; as, a crime calls for punishment; a survey, grant, or deed calls for the metes and bounds, or the quantity of land, etc., which it describes. (b) To give an order for; to request. "Whenever the coach stopped, the sailor called for more ale." Marryat. — To call on, To call upon, (a) To make a short visit to; as, call on a friend. (b) To appeal to; to invite; to request earnestly; as, to call upon a person to make a speech. (c) To solicit payment, or make a demand, of a debt. (d) To invoke or play to; to worship; as, to call upon God. — To call out To call or utter loudly; to brawl.
CALLCall, n.
1. The act of calling; — usually with the voice, but often otherwise, as by signs, the sound of some instrument, or by writing; a summons; an entreaty; an invitation; as, a call for help; the bugle's call. "Call of the trumpet." Shak. I rose as at thy call, but found thee not. Milton.
2. A signal, as on a drum, bugle, trumpet, or pipe, to summon soldiers or sailors to duty.
3. (Eccl.)
Defn: An invitation to take charge of or serve a church as its pastor.
4. A requirement or appeal arising from the circumstances of the case; a moral requirement or appeal. Dependence is a perpetual call upon hummanity. Addison. Running into danger without any call of duty. Macaulay.
5. A divine vocation or summons. St. Paul himself believed he did well, and that he had a call to it, when he persecuted the Christians. Locke.
6. Vocation; employment.
Note: [In this sense, calling is generally used.]
7. A short visit; as, to make a call on a neighbor; also, the daily coming of a tradesman to solicit orders. The baker's punctual call. Cowper.
8. (Hunting)
Defn: A note blown on the horn to encourage the hounds.
9. (Naut.)
Defn: A whistle or pipe, used by the boatswain and his mate, to summon the sailors to duty.
10. (Fowling)
Defn: The cry of a bird; also a noise or cry in imitation of a bird; or a pipe to call birds by imitating their note or cry.
11. (Amer. Land Law)
Defn: A reference to, or statement of, an object, course, distance, or other matter of description in a survey or grant reguiring or calling for a carresponding object, etc., on the land.
12. The privilege to demand the delivery of stock, grain, or any commodity, at a fixed, price, at or within a certain time agreed on. [Brokers' Cant]
13. See Assessment, 4. At call, or On call, liable to be demanded at any moment without previous notice; as money on deposit. — Call bird, a bird taught to allure others into a snare. — Call boy (a) A boy who calls the actors in a theater; a boy who transmits the orders of the captain of a vessel to the engineer, helmsman, etc. (b) A waiting boy who answers a cal, or cames at the ringing of a bell; a bell boy. — Call note, the note naturally used by the male bird to call the female. It is artifically applied by birdcatchers as a decoy. Latham. — Call of the house (Legislative Bodies), a calling over the names of members, to discover who is absent, or for other purposes; a calling of names with a view to obtaining the ayes and noes from the persons named. — Call to the bar, admission to practice in the courts.
CALLA Cal"la, n. Etym: [Linnæus derived Calla fr. Gr. calla, calsa, name of an unknown plant, and Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of plants, of the order Araceæ.
Note: The common Calla of cultivation is Richardia Africana, belonging to another genus of the same order. Its large spathe is pure white, surrounding a fleshy spike, which is covered with minute apetalous flowers.
CALLATCal"lat, n.
Defn: Same as Callet. [Obs.]A callat of boundless tongue. Shak.
CALLECalle, n. Etym: [See Caul.]
Defn: A kind of head covering; a caul. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CALLERCall"er, n.
Defn: One who calls.
CALLERCal"ler, a. [Scot.]
1. Cool; refreshing; fresh; as, a caller day; the caller air. Jamieson.
2. Fresh; in good condition; as, caller berrings.
CALLETCal"let, n. Etym: [Cf. Ir. & Gael. caile a country woman, strumpet.]
Defn: A trull or prostitute; a scold or gossip. [Obs.] [Written also callat.]
CALLETCal"let v. i.
Defn: To rail or scold. [Obs.] Brathwait.
CALLID Cal"lid, a. Etym: [L. callidus, fr. callere to be thick-skinned, to be hardened, to be practiced, fr. callum, callus, callous skin, callosity, callousness.]
Defn: Characterized by cunning or shrewdness; crafty. [R.]
CALLIDITYCal*lid"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. calliditas.]
Defn: Acuteness of discernment; cunningness; shrewdness. [R.]Her eagly-eyed callidity. C. Smart.
CALLIGRAPHERCal*lig"ra*pher, n.
Defn: One skilled in calligraphy; a good penman.
CALLIGRAPHIC; CALLIGRAPHICALCal`li*graph"ic, Cal`li*graph"ic*al, a., Etym: [Gr. calligraphique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to calligraphy.Excellence in the calligraphic act. T. Warton.
CALLIGRAPHISTCal*lig"ra*phist, n.
Defn: A calligrapher
CALLIGRAPHYCal*lig"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. calligraphie.]
Defn: Fair or elegant penmanship.
CALLINGCall"ing, n.
1. The act of one who calls; a crying aloud, esp. in order to summon, or to attact the attention of, some one.
2. A summoning or convocation, as of Parliament. The frequent calling and meeting of Parlaiment. Macaulay.
3. A divine summons or invitation; also, the state of being divinelycalled.Who hath . . . called us with an holy calling. 2 Tim. i. 9.Give diligence to make yior calling . . . sure. 2 Pet. i. 10.
4. A naming, or inviting; a reading over or reciting in order, or a call of names with a view to obtaining an answer, as in legislative bodies.
5. One's usual occupation, or employment; vocation; business; trade. The humble calling of ter female parent. Thackeray.
6. The persons, collectively, engaged in any particular professions or employment. To impose celibacy on wholy callings. Hammond.
7. Title; appellation; name. [Obs.] I am more proud to be Sir Rowland's son His youngest son, and would not change that calling. Shak.
Syn. — Occupation; employment; business; trade; profession; office; engagement; vocation.
CALLIOPE Cal*li"o*pe, n. Etym: [L. Calliope, Gr. kalli- (from kallos beautiful) +
1. (Class. Myth.)
Defn: The Muse that presides over eloquence and heroic poetry; mother of Orpheus, and chief of the nine Muses.
2. (Astron.)
Defn: One of the astreids. See Solar.
3. A musical instrument consisting of series of steam whistles, toned to the notes of the scale, and played by keys arranged like those of an organ. It is sometimes attached to steamboat boilers.
4. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A beautuful species of humming bird (Stellula Calliope) ofCalifornia and adjacent regions.
CALLIOPSISCal`li*op"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pref. (Bot.)
Defn: A popular name given to a few species of the genus Careopsis, especially to C. tinctoria of Arkansas.
CALLIPASHCal`li*pash" (, n.
Defn: See Calipash.
CALLIPEECal`li*pee" (, n.
Defn: See Calipee.
CALLIPERSCal`li*pers (, n. pl.
Defn: See Calipers.
CALLISECTIONCal`li*sec"tion, n. Etym: [L. callere to be insensible + E. section.]
Defn: Painless vivisection; — opposed to sentisection. B. G. Wilder.
CALLISTHENIC; CALLISTHENICSCal`lis*then"ic, a., Cal`lis*then"ics, n.
Defn: See Calisthenic, Calisthenics.
CALLITHUMPCal"li*thump`, n.
Defn: A somewhat riotous parade, accompanied with the blowing of tin horus, and other discordant noises; also, a burlesque serenade; a charivari. [U. S.]
CALLITHUMPIANCal`li*thump"i*an, a.
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a callithump. [U. S.]
CALLOSANCal*lo"san, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of the callosum.
CALLOSECal"lose, a. Etym: [See Callous.] (Bot.)
Defn: Furnished with protuberant or hardened spots.
CALLOSITY Cal*los"i*ty, n.; pl. Callosities. Etym: [L. callasitas; cf. F. calosté.]
Defn: A hard or thickened spot or protuberance; a hardening and thickening of the skin or bark of a part, eps. as a result of continued pressure or friction.
CALLOSUMCal*lo"sum, n. Etym: [NL., fr. callosus callous, hard.] (Anat.)
Defn: The great band commissural fibers which unites the two cerebral hemispheres. See corpus callosum, under Carpus.
CALLOTCal"lot, n.
Defn: A plant coif or skullcap. Same as Calotte. B. Jonson.
CALLOUS Cal"lous, a. Etym: [L. callosus callous hard, fr. callum, callus, callous skin: cf. F. calleux.]
1. Hardenes; indurated. "A callous hand." Goldsmith. "A callous ulcer." Dunglison.
2. Hardened in mind; insensible; unfeeling; unsusceptible. "The callous diplomatist." Macaulay. It is an immense blessing to be perfectly callous to ridicule. T. Arnold.
Syn.— Obdurate; hard; hardened; indurated; insensible; unfeeling;unsusceptible. See Obdurate.— Cal"lous*ly, adv.— Cal"lous*ness, n.A callousness and numbness of soul. Bentley.
CALLOWCal"low, a. Etym: [OE. calewe, calu, bald, AS. calu; akin to D. kaal,OHG. chalo, G. Kuhl; cf. L. calvus.]
1. Destitute of feathers; naked; unfledged. An in the leafy summit, spied a nest, Which, o'er the callow young, a sparrow pressed. Dryden.
2. Immature; boyish; "green"; as, a callow youth. I perceive by this, thou art but a callow maid. Old Play [1675].
CALLOWCal*low", n. (Zoöl.) Etym: [Named from its note.]
Defn: A kind of duck. See Old squaw.
CALLUSCal"lus, n. Etym: [L. See Callous.]
1. (Med.) (a) Same as Callosity. (b
Defn: The material of repair in fractures of bone; a substance exuded at the site of fracture, which is at first soft or cartilaginous in consistence, but is ultimately converted into true bone and unites the fragments into a single piece.
2. (Hort.)
Defn: The new formation over the end of a cutting, before it puts out rootlets.
CALM Calm, n. Etym: [OE. calme, F. calme, fr. It. or Sp. calma (cf. Pg. calma heat), prob. fr. LL. cauma heat, fr. Gr. Caustic]
Defn: Freodom from motion, agitation, or disturbance; a cessation or abeence of that which causes motion or disturbance, as of winds or waves; tranquility; stilness; quiet; serenity. The wind ceased, and there was a great calm. Mark. iv. 39. A calm before a storm is commonly a peace of a man's own making. South.
CALMCalm, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Calming.] Etym:[Cf. F. calmer. See Calm, n.]
1. To make calm; to render still or quet, as elements; as, to calm the winds. To calm the tempest raised by Eolus. Dryden.
2. To deliver from agitation or excitement; to still or soothe, as the mind or passions. Passions which seem somewhat calmed.
Syn. — To still; quiet; appease; ally; pacigy; tranquilize; soothe; compose; assuage; check; restrain.
CALMCalm, a. [compar. Calmer; super. Calmest]
1. Not stormy; without motion, as of winds or waves; still; quiet; serene; undisturbed. "Calm was the day." Spenser. Now all is calm, and fresh, and still. Bryant.
2. Undisturbed by passion or emotion; not agitated or excited; tranquil; quiet in act or speech. "Calm and sinless peace." Milton. "With calm attention." Pope. Such calm old age as conscience pure And self-commanding hearts ensure. Keble.
Syn. — Still; quiet; undisturbed; tranquil; peaceful; serene; composed; unruffled; sedate; collected; placid.
CALMERCalm"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, makes calm.
CALMLYCalm"ly, adv.
Defn: In a calm manner.The gentle stream which calmly flows. Denham.
CALMNESSCalm"ness, n.
Defn: The state of quality of being calm; quietness; tranquillity;self-repose.The gentle calmness of the flood. Denham.Hes calmness was the repose of conscious power. E. Everett.
Syn. — Quietness; quietude; stillness; tranquillity; serenity; repose; composure; sedateness; placidity.
CALMUCKSCal"mucks, n. pl.
Defn: ; sing. Calmuck. A branch of the Mongolian race inbabiting parts of the Russian and Chinese empires; also (sing.), the language of the Calmucks. [Written also Kalmucks.]
CALMYCalm"y, a. Etym: [Fr. Calm, n.]
Defn: Tranquil; peaceful; calm. [Poet.] "A still and calmy day"Spenser.
CALOMELCal"o*mel, n. Etym: [Gr. calomélas.] (Chem.)
Defn: Mild chloride of mercury, Hg
CALORESCENCECal`o*res"cence, n. Etym: [L. calor heat.] (Physics)
Defn: The conversion of obscure radiant heat info kight; the transmutation of rays of heat into others of higher refrangibility. Tyndall.
CALORICCa*lor"ic, n. Etym: [L. calor heat; cf. F. calorique.] (Physics)
Defn: The principle of heat, or the agent to which the phenomena of heat and combustion were formerly ascribed; — not now used in scientific nomenclature, but sometimes used as a general term for heat. Caloric expands all bodies. Henry.
CALORICCa*lor"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to caloric. Caloric engine, a kind of engine operated air.
CALORICITYCal`o*ric"ity, n. (Physiol.)
Defn: A faculty in animals of developing and preserving the heat nesessary to life, that is, the animal heat.
CALORIDUCT Ca*lor"i*duct, n. Etym: [L. calor heat (fr. calere to warm) + E. duct.]
Defn: A tube or duct for conducting heat; a caliduct.
CALORIECal"o*rie, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. calor heat.] (Physics)
Defn: The unit of heat according to the Frensc standard; the amount of heat requires to raise the temperature of one kilogram (sometimes, one gram) of water one degree centigrade, or from 0Foot pound.
CALORIFACIENTCa*lor`i*fa"cient, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: See Calorificient.
CALORIFERE Ca*lor"i*fere, n. Etym: [F. calorifère, fr. L. calor heat + ferre to bear.]
Defn: An apparatus for conveying and distributing heat, especially by means of hot water circulating in tubes.
CALORIFIANTCa*lor`i*fi"ant, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: See Calorificient.
CALORIFIC Cal`o*rif"ic, a. Etym: [L. calorificus; calor heat + facere to make; cf. F. calorifique.]
Defn: Possessing the quality of producing heat; heating. Calorific rays, the invisible, heating rays which emanate from the sum, and burning and heated bodies.
CALORIFICATIONCa*lor`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. calorification.]
Defn: Production of heat, esp. animal heat.
CALORIFICIENTCa*lor`i*fi"cient, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: Having, or relating to the power of producing heat; — applied to foods which, being rich in carbon, as the fats, are supposed to give rise to heat in the animal body by oxidation.
CALORIMETER Cal`o*rim"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. calor heat + -meter; cf. F. calorimètre.]
1. (Physiol.)
Defn: An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat contained in bodies or developed by some mechanical or chemical process, as friction, chemical combination, combustion, etc.
2. (Engineering)
Defn: An apparatus for measuring the proportion of unevaporated water contained in steam.
CALORIMETRICCa*lor`i*met"ric, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to process of using the calorimeter.Satisfactory calorimetric results. Nichol.
CALORIMETRYCal`o*rim"e*try, n. (Physics)
Defn: Measurement of the quantities of heat in bodies.
CALORIMOTORCa*lor`i*mo"tor, n. Etym: [L. calor heat + E. motor.] (Physics)
Defn: A voltaic battery, having a large surface of plate, and producing powerful heating effects.
CALORISATORCa*lor"i*sa`tor, n. [NL., heater, fr. L. calor heat.]
Defn: An apparatus used in beet-sugar factories to heat the juice in order to aid the diffusion.
CALOTTE; CALLOT Ca*lotte", Cal"lot, n. Etym: [F. calotte, dim. of cale a sort of flat cap. Cf. Caul.]
Defn: A close cap without visor or brim. Especially: (a) Such a cap, worn by English serjeants at law. (b) Such a cap, worn by the French cavalry under their helmets. (c) Such a cap, worn by the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church. To assume the calotte, to become a priest.
CALOTYPECal"o*type, n. Etym: [Gr. (Photog.)
Defn: A method of taking photographic pictures, on paper sensitized with iodide of silver; — also called Talbotype, from the inventor, Mr. Fox. Talbot.
CALOYERCa*loy"er, n. Etym: [F., fr. NGr.
Defn: A monk of the Greek Church; a cenobite, anchoret, or recluse of the rule of St. Basil, especially, one on or near Mt. Athos.
CALQUECalque, v. t.
Defn: See 2d Calk, v. t.
CALTROP; CALTRAP Cal"trop, Cal"trap, n. Etym: [OE. calketrappe, calletrappe, caltor (in both senses), fr. AS. collræppe, calcetreppe, sort of thistle; cf. F. chaussetrape star thistle, trap, It. calcatreppo, calcatreppolo, star thistle. Perh. from L. calx heel + the same word as E. trap. See 1st Trap.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of herbaceous plants (Tribulus) of the order Zygophylleæ, having a hard several-celled fruit, armed with stout spines, and resembling the military instrument of the same name. The species grow in warm countries, and are often very annoying to cattle.
2. (Mil.)
Defn: An instrument with four iron points, so disposed that, any three of them being on the ground, the other projects upward. They are scattered on the ground where an enemy's cavalry are to pass, to impede their progress by endangering the horses' feet.
CALUMBACa*lum"ba, n. Etym: [from kalumb, its native name in Mozambique.](Med.)
Defn: The root of a plant (Jateorrhiza Calumba, and probably Cocculus palmatus), indigenous in Mozambique. It has an unpleasantly bitter taste, and is used as a tonic and antiseptic. [Written also colombo, columbo, and calombo.] American calumba, the Frasera Carolinensis, also called American gentian. Its root has been used in medicine as bitter tonic in place of calumba.
CALUMBINCa*lum"bin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A bitter principle extracted as a white crystalline substance from the calumba root. [Written also colombin, and columbin]
CALUMET Cal"u*met, n. Etym: [F. calumet, fr. L. calamus reed. See Halm, and cf. Shawm.]
Defn: A kind of pipe, used by the North American Indians for smoking tobacco. The bowl is usually made of soft red stone, and the tube is a long reed often ornamented with feathers. Smoked the calumet, the Peace pipe, As a signal to the nations. Lowgfellow.
Note: The calumet is used as a symbol of peace. To accept the calumet is to agree to terms of peace, and to refuse it is to reject them. The calumet of peace is used to seal or ratify contracts and alliances, and as an evidence to strangers that they are welcome.
CALUMNIATECa*lum"ni*ate, v. i. [Imp. & p. p. Calumniated; p. pr. & vb. n.calumniating.] Etym: [L. calumniatus, p. p. of calumniari. SeeCalumny, and cf. Challenge, v. t.]
Defn: To accuse falsely and maliciously of a crime or offense, or of something disreputable; to slander; to libel. Hatred unto the truth did always falsely report and calumniate all godly men's doings. Strype. Syn. — To asperse; slander; defame; vilify; traduce; belie; bespatter; blacken; libel. See Asperse.
CALUMNIATECa*lum"ni*ate, v. i.
Defn: To propagate evil reports with a design to injure the reputation of another; to make purposely false charges of some offense or crime.
CALUMNIATIONCa*lum`ni*a"tion, n.
Defn: False accusation of crime or offense, or a malicious and falserepresentation of the words or actions of another, with a view toinjure his good name.The calumniation of her principal counselors. Bacon.
CALUMNIATORCa*lum`ni*a"tor, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: One who calumniates.
Syn.— Slanderer; defamer; libeler; traducer.
CALUMNIATORYCa*lum"ni*a*to*ry, a.
Defn: Containing calumny; slanderous. Montagu.
CALUMNIOUSCa*lum"ni*ous, a. Etym: [L. calumniosus.]
Defn: Containing or implying calumny; false, malicious, and injurious to reputation; slanderous; as, calumnious reports. Virtue itself 'scapes not calumnious strokes. Shak.
Syn: Slanderous; defamatory; scurrilous; opprobrious; derogatory; libelous; abusive.
Syn: — Ca*lum"ni*ous*ly, adv.— Ca*lum"ni*ous*ness, n.
CALUMNY Cal"um*ny, n.; pl. Calumnies. Etym: [L. calumnia, fr. calvi to devise tricks, deceive; cf. F. calomnie. Cf. Challenge, n.]
Defn: False accusation of a crime or offense, maliciously made or reported, to the injury of another; malicious misrepresentation; slander; detraction. "Infamouse calumnies." Motley. Be thou as chaste as ice, as pure as snow, thou shalt not escape calumny. Shak.
CALVARIACal*va"ri*a, n. Etym: [L. See Calvary.] (Anat.)
Defn: The bones of the cranium; more especially, the bones of the domelike upper portion.
CALVARY Cal"va*ry, n. Etym: [L. calvaria a bare skull, fr. calva the scalp without hair. fr. calvus bald; cf. F. calvaire.]
1. The place where Christ was crucified, on a small hill outside of Jerusalem. Luke xxiii. 33.
Note: The Latin calvaria is a translation of the Greek Golgotha. Dr.W. Smith.
2. A representation of the crucifixion, consisting of three crosses with the figures of Christ and the thieves, often as large as life, and sometimes surrounded by figures of other personages who were present at the crucifixion.
3. (Her.)
Defn: A cross, set upon three steps; — more properly called cross calvary.
CALVECalve, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Calved 3; p. pr. & vb. n. Calving.] Etym:[AS. cealfian. See Calf.]
1. To bring forth a calf. "Their cow calveth." Job xxi. 10.
2. To bring forth young; to produce offspring. Canst thou mark when the hinds do calve Job xxxix. 1. The grassy clods now calved. Molton.
CALVERCal"ver, v. i.
1. To cut in slices and pickle, as salmon. [Obs.] For a change, leave calvered salmon and eat sprats. Massinger.
2. To crimp; as, calvered salmon. Nares.
CALVERCal"ver, v. i.
Defn: To bear, or be susceptible of, being calvered; as, grayling's flesh will calver. Catton.
CALVESSNOUTCalves"*snout, n. (Bot.)
Defn: Snapdragon.
CALVINISMCal"vin*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Calvinisme.]
Defn: The theological tenets or doctrines of John Calvin (a French theologian and reformer of the 16th century) and his followers, or of the so-called calvinistic churches.
Note: The distinguishing doctrines of this system, usually termed the five points of Calvinism, are original sin or total depravity, election or predestination, particular redemption, effectual calling, and the perseverance of the saints. It has been subject to many variations and modifications in different churches and at various times.
CALVINISTCal"vin*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Calviniste.]
Defn: A follower of Calvin; a believer in Calvinism.
CALVINISTIC; CALVINISTICALCal`vin*is"tic, Cal`vin*is"tic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Calvin, or Calvinism; following Calvin; accepting or Teaching Calvinism. "Calvinistic training." Lowell.
CALVINIZECal"vin*ize, v. t.
Defn: To convert to Calvinism.
CALVISHCalv"ish, a.
Defn: Like a calf; stupid. Sheldon.
CALXCalx, n.; pl. E. Calxes, L. Calces. Etym: [L. Calx, calcis.limestone; cf. Gr. carraic rock Gael. carraig, W. careg, stone. Cf.Chalk.]
1. (Chem.) (a) Quicklime. [Obs.] (b) The substance which remains when a metal or mineral has been subjected to calcination or combustion by heat, and which is, or may be, reduced to a fine powder.
Note: Metallic calxes are now called oxides.
2. Broken and refuse glass, returned to the post.
CALYCIFLORAL; CALLYCIFLOROUS Ca*lyc`i*flo"ral, cal*lyc`i*flo"rous, a. Etym: [L. calyx, -ycis, calyx + flos, floris, flower.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having the petals and stamens adnate to the calyx; — applied to a subclass of dicotyledonous plants in the system of the French botanist Candolle.
CALYCIFORMCa*lyc"i*form, a. Etym: [L. calyx, calycis, calyx + -form.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having the form or appearance of a calyx.
CALYCINAL; CALYCINECa*lyc"i*nal, Cal"y*cine, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Pertaining to a calyx; having the nature of a calyx.
CALYCLE Cal"y*cle, n. Etym: [L.calyculus small flower bud, calyx, dim. of calyx. See Calyx, and cf. Calicle.] (Bot.)
Defn: A row of small bracts, at the base of the calyx, on the outside.
CALYCLEDCal"y*cled, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Calyculate.
CALYCOZOACal`y*co*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A group of acalephs of which Lucernaria is the type. The body is cup-shaped with eight marginal lobes bearing clavate tentacles. An aboral sucker serves for attachment. The interior is divided into four large compartments. See Lucernarida.
CALYCULARCa*lyc"u*lar, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the bracts of a calycle.
CALYCULATE; CALYCULATEDCa*lyc"u*late, Ca*lyc"u*la`ted, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Having a set of bracts resembling a calyx.
CALYMENECa*lym"e*ne, n. Etym: [Gr. ( (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of trilobites characteristic of the Silurian age.
CALYONCal"yon, n.
Defn: Flint or pebble stone, used in building walls, etc. Haliwell.
CALYPSOCa*lyp"so, n. Etym: [The Latinized Greek name of a beautiful nymph.](Bot.)
Defn: A small and beautiful species of orchid, having a flower variegated with purple, pink, and yellow. It grows in cold and wet localities in the northern part of the United States. The Calypso borealis is the only orchid which reaches 68º N.
CALYPTRACa*lyp"tra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A little hood or veil, resembling an extinguisher in form and position, covering each of the small flaskike capsules which contain the spores of mosses; also, any similar covering body.
CALYPTRIFORMCa*lyp"tri*form, a. Etym: [Calyptra + -form.]
Defn: Having the form a calyptra, or extinguisher.
CALYXCa"lyx, n.; pl. E. Calyxes, L. Calyces. Etym: [L. calyx, -ycis, fr.Gr. Chalice Helmet.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: The covering of a flower. See Flower.
Note: The calyx is usually green and foliaceous, but becomes delicate and petaloid in such flowers as the anemone and the four-o'clock. Each leaf of the calyx is called a sepal.
2. (Anat.)
Defn: A cuplike division of the pelvis of the kidney, which surrounds one or more of the renal papilæ.
CALZOONSCal*zoons", n. pl. Etym: [F. caleçons (cf. It. calzoni breeches), fr.L. calceus shoe.]
Defn: Drawers. [Obs.]
CAM Cam, n. Etym: [Dan. kam comb, ridge; or cf. W. Gael., and Ir., cam bet. See 1st Come.]
1. (Med.) (a) A turning or sliding piece which, by the shape of its periphery or face, or a groove in its surface, imparts variable or intermittent motion to, or receives such motion from, a rod, lever, or block brought into sliding or rolling contact with it. (b) A curved wedge, movable about an axis, used for forcing or clamping two pieces together. (c) A projecting part of a wheel or other moving piece so shaped as to give alternate or variable motion to another piece against which its acts.
Note: Cams are much used in machinery involving complicated, and irregular movements, as in the sewing machine, pin machine, etc.
2. A ridge or mound of earth. [Prow. Eng.] Wright. Cam wheel (Mach.), a wheel with one or more projections (cams) or depressions upon its periphery or upon its face; one which is set or shaped eccentrically, so that its revolutions impart a varied, reciprocating, or intermittent motion.
CAMCam, a. Etym: [See Kam.]
Defn: Crooked. [Obs.]
CAMAIEUCa*ma"ieu, n. Etym: [F.; of unknown origin. Cf. Cameo.]
1. A cameo. [Obs.] Crabb.
2. (Fine Arts)
Defn: Painting in shades of one color; monochrome. Mollett.
CAMAIL Ca*mail", n. Etym: [F. camail (cf. It. camaglio), fr. L. caput head + source of E. mail.]
1. (Ancient Armor)
Defn: A neck guard of chain mall, hanging from the bascinet or other headpiece.
2. A hood of other material than mail; esp. (Eccl.), a hood worn in church services, — the amice, or the like.
CAMARA; CAMARA DOS PARES; CAMARADOS DEPUTADOSCa"ma*ra, Ca"ma*ra dos pares, Ca"ma*ra*dos deputados, n. [Pg.]
Defn: Chamber; house; — used in Ca"ma*ra dos Pa"res, and Ca"ma*ra dos De`pu*ta"dos. See Legislature.
CAMARADERIECa`ma`ra`de*rie", n. [F. See Comrade.]
Defn: Comradeship and loyalty.
The spirit of camaraderie is strong among these riders of the plains.W. A. Fraser.
CAMARASAURUSCam`a*ra*sau"rus, n. Etym: [NL. fr. Gr. (Paleon.)
Defn: A genus of gigantic American Jurassic dinosaurs, having large cavities in the bodies of the dorsal vertebræ.
CAMARILLACa`ma*ril"la, n. Etym: [Sp., a small room.]
1. The private audience chamber of a king.
2. A company of secret and irresponsible advisers, as of a king; a cabal or clique.
CAMASSCam"ass, n. Etym: [American Indian name.] (Bot.)
Defn: A blue-flowered liliaceous plant (Camassia esculenta) of northwestern America, the bulbs of which are collected for food by the Indians. [Written also camas, cammas, and quamash.]
Note: The Eastern cammass is Camassia Fraseri.
CAMBERCam"ber, n. Etym: [Of. cambre bent, curved; akin to F. cambrer tovault, to bend, fr. L. camerare to arch over, fr. camera vault, arch.See Chamber, and cf. Camerate.]
1. (Shipbuilding)
Defn: An upward convexity of a deck or other surface; as, she has a high camber (said of a vessel having an unusual convexity of deck).
2. (Arch.)
Defn: An upward concavity in the under side of a beam, girder, or lintel; also, a slight upward concavity in a straight arch. See Hogback. Camber arch (Arch.), an arch whose intrados, though apparently straight, has a slightly concave curve upward. — Camber beam (Arch.), a beam whose under side has a concave curve upward.
CAMBERCam"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cambered; p. pr. & vb. n. Cambering.]
Defn: To cut bend to an upward curve; to construct, as a deck, with an upward curve.
CAMBERCam"ber, v. i.
Defn: To curve upward.
CAMBERKEELEDCam"ber*keeled, a. (Naut.)
Defn: Having the keel arched upwards, but not actually hogged; — said of a ship.
CAMBIALCam"bi*al, a. Etym: [LL. cambialis, fr. cambiars. See Change.]
Defn: Belonging to exchanges in commerce; of exchange. [R.]
CAMBIST Cam"bist, n. Etym: [F. cambiste, It. cambista, fr. L. cambire to exchange. See Change.]
Defn: A banker; a money changer or broker; one who deals in bills of exchange, or who is skilled in the science of exchange.
CAMBISTRYCam"bist*ry, n.
Defn: The science of exchange, weight, measures, etc.
CAMBIUM Cam"bi*um, n. Etym: [LL. cambium exchange, fr. L. cambire to exchange. It was supposed that cambium was sap changing into wood.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A series of formative cells lying outside of the wood proper and inside of the inner bark. The growth of new wood takes place in the cambium, which is very soft.
2. (Med.)
Defn: A fancied nutritive juice, formerly supposed to orgiginate in the blood, to repair losses of the system, and to promote its increase. Dunglison.
CAMBLETCam"blet, n.
Defn: See Camlet.
CAMBOGECam*boge", n.
Defn: See Gamboge.
CAMBOOSECam*boose", n. (Naut.)
Defn: See Caboose.
CAMBRASINECam"bra*sine, n.
Defn: A kind of linen cloth made in Egypt, and so named from its resemblance to cambric.
CAMBRELCam"brel, n.
Defn: See Gambrel, n., 2. Wright.
CAMBRIACam"bri*a, n.
Defn: The ancient Latin name of Wales. It is used by modern poets.
CAMBRIANCam"bri*an, a.
1. (Geog.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to Cambria or Wales.
2. (Geol.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the lowest subdivision of the rocks of theSilurian or Molluscan age; — sometimes described as inferior to theSilurian. It is named from its development in Cambria or Wales. Seethe Diagram under Geology.
CAMBRIANCam"bri*an, n.
1. A native of Cambria or Wales.
2. (Geol.)
Defn: The Cambrian formation.
CAMBRIC Cam"bric, n. Etym: [OE. camerike, fr. Cambrai (Flemish Kamerik), a city of France (formerly of Flanders), where it was first made.]
1. A fine, thin, and white fabric made of flax or linen. He hath ribbons of all the colors i' the rainbow; . . . inkles, caddises, cambrics, lawns. Shak.
2. A fabric made, in imitation of linen cambric, of fine, hardspun cotton, often with figures of various colors; — also called cotton cambric, and cambric muslin.
CAMBROBRITON; CAMBRO-BRITONCam"bro*Brit"on, n.
Defn: A Welshman.
CAMECame,
Defn: imp. of Come.
CAMECame, n. Etym: [Cf. Scot. came, caim, comb, and OE. camet silver.]
Defn: A slender rod of cast lead, with or without grooves, used, in casements and stained-glass windows, to hold together the panes or pieces of glass.
CAMEL Cam"el, n. Etym: [Oe. camel, chamel, OF. camel, chamel, F. chameau L. camelus, fr. Gr. gamal, Ar. jamal. Cf. As. camel, fr. L. camelus.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A large ruminant used in Asia and Africa for carrying burdens and for riding. The camel is remarkable for its ability to go a long time without drinking. Its hoofs are small, and situated at the extremities of the toes, and the weight of the animal rests on the callous. The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) has one bunch on the back, while the Bactrian camel (C. Bactrianus) has two. The llama, alpaca, and vicuña, of South America, belong to a related genus (Auchenia).
2. (Naut.)
Defn: A watertight structure (as a large box or boxes) used to assist a vessel in passing over a shoal or bar or in navigating shallow water. By admitting water, the camel or camels may be sunk and attached beneath or at the sides of a vessel, and when the water is pumped out the vessel is lifted. Camel bird (Zoöl.), the ostrich. — Camel locust (Zoöl.), the mantis. — Camel's thorn (Bot.), a low, leguminous shrub (Alhagi maurorum) of the Arabian desert, from which exudes a sweetish gum, which is one of the substances called manna.
CAMELBACKED; CAMEL-BACKEDCam"el*backed`, a.
Defn: Having a back like a camel; humpbacked. Fuller.
CAMELEONCa*me"le*on, n.
Defn: See Chaceleon. [Obs.]
CAMELLIA Ca*mel"li*a, n. Etym: [NL.; — named after Kamel, a Jesuit who is said to have brought it from the East.] (Bot.)
Defn: An Asiatic genus of small shrubs, often with shining leaves and showy flowers. Camelia Japonica is much cultivated for ornament, and C. Sassanqua and C. Oleifera are grown in China for the oil which is pressed from their seeds. The tea plant is now referred to this genus under the name of Camellia Thea.
CAMELOPARD Ca*mel"o*pard, n. Etym: [LL. camelopardus, L. camelopardalus, camelopardalis, fr. Gr. camélopard. The camelopard has a neck and head like a camel, and is spotted like a pard. See Camel, and Pard.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An African ruminant; the giraffe. See Giraffe.
CAMELOTCame"lot, n.
Defn: See Camelet. [Obs.]
CAMELRYCam"el*ry, n.
Defn: Troops that are mounted on camels.
CAMELSHAIRCam"els*hair`, a.
Defn: Of camel's hair. Camel's-hair pencil, a small brush used bypainters in water colors, made of camel's hair or similar materials.— Camel's-hair shawl. A name often given to a cashmere shawl. SeeCashmere shawl under Cashmere.
CAMEMBERT; CAMEMBERT CHEESECa`mem`bert", n., or Camembert cheese.
Defn: A kind of soft, unpressed cream cheese made in the vicinity of Camembert, near Argentan, France; also, any cheese of the same type, wherever made.
CAMEOCam"e*o, n.; pl. Cameos. Etym: [It cammeo; akin to F. camée, camaïeu,Sp. camafeo, LL. camaeus, camahutus; of unknown origin.]
Defn: A carving in relief, esp. one on a small scale used as a jewel for personal adornment, or like.
Note: Most cameos are carved in a material which has layers of different colors, such stones as the onyx and sardonyx, and various kinds of shells, being used. Cameo conch (Zoöl.), a large, marine, univalve shell, esp. Cassis cameo, C. rua, and allied species, used for cutting cameos. See Quern conch.
CAMERA Cam"e*ra, n.; pl. E. Cameras, L. Camerae. Etym: [L. vault, arch, LL., chamber. See Chamber.]
Defn: A chamber, or instrument having a chamber. Specifically: The camera obscura when used in photography. See Camera, and Camera obscura. Bellows camera. See under Bellows. — In camera (Law), in a judge's chamber, that is, privately; as, a judge hears testimony which is not fit for the open court in camera. — Panoramic, or Pantascopic, camera, a photographic camera in which the lens and sensitized plate revolve so as to expose adjacent parts of the plate successively to the light, which reaches it through a narrow vertical slit; — used in photographing broad landscapes. Abney.
CAMERADECame"rade, n.
Defn: See Comrade, [Obs.]
CAMERALISTICCam`e*ra*lis"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to finance and public revenue.
CAMERALISTICS Cam`e*ra*lis"tics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. caméralistique, G. kameralistik, fr. L. camera vault, LL., chamber, treasury.]
Defn: The science of finance or public revenue.
CAMERA LUCIDA Cam"e*ra lu"ci*da. Etym: [L. camera chamber + L. lucidus, lucida, lucid, light.] (Opt.)
Defn: An instrument which by means of a prism of a peculiar form, or an arrangement of mirrors, causes an apparent image of an external object or objects to appear as if projected upon a plane surface, as of paper or canvas, so that the outlines may conveniently traced. It is generally used with the microscope.
CAMERA OBSCURA Cam"e*ra ob*scu"ra. Etym: [LL. camera chamber + L. obscurus, obscura, dark.] (Opt.)
1. An apparatus in which the images of extermal objects, formed by a convex lens or a concave mirror, are thrown on a paper or other white surface placed in the focus of the lens or mirror within a darkened chamber, or box, so that the oulines may be traced.
2. (Photog.)
Defn: An apparatus in which the image of an external object or objects is, by means of lenses. thrown upon a sensitized plate or surface placed at the back or an extensible darkened box or chamber variously modifled; — commonly called simply the camera.
CAMERATECam"er*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Camerated; p. pr. & vb. n.Camerzting.] Etym: [L. cameratus, p. p. of camerare. See Camber.]
1. To build in the form of a vault; to arch over.
2. To divide into chambers.
CAMERATIONCam`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. cameratio.]
Defn: A vaulting or arching over. [R.]
CAMERLINGOCa`mer*lin"go, n. Etym: [It.]
Defn: The papal chamberlain; the cardinal who presides over the pope's household. He has at times possessed great power. [Written also camerlengo and camarlengo.]
CAMERONIANCam`e*ro"ni*an, n.
Defn: A follower of the Rev. Richard Cameron, a Scotch Covenanter of the time of Charies II. Cameron and others refused to accept the "indulgence" offered the Presbyterian clergy, insisted on the Solemn league and Covenant, and in 1680 declared Charles II deposed for tyranny, breach of faith, etc. Cameron was killed at the battle of Airdmoss, but his followers became a denomination (afterwards called Reformed Presbyterians) who refused to recognize laws or institutions which they believed contrary to the kingdom of Christ, but who now avail themselves of political rights.
CAMISCam"is, n. Etym: [See Chemise.]
Defn: A light, loose dress or robe. [Also written camus.] [Obs.]All in a camis light of purple silk. Spenser.
CAMISADE; CAMISADO Cam`i*sade", Cam`i*sa"do, n. Etym: [F. camisade a night attack; cf. It. camiciata. See Camis.] [Obs.] (Mil.) (a) A shirt worn by soldiers over their uniform, in order to be able to recognize one another in a night attack. (b) An attack by surprise by soldiers wearing the camisado. Give them a camisado in night season. Holinshed.
CAMISARDCam"i*sard, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: One of the French Protestant insurgents who rebelled against Louis XIV, after the revocation of the edict of Nates; — so called from the peasant's smock (camise) which they wore.
CAMISATEDCam"i*sa`ted, a.
Defn: Dressed with a shirt over the other garments.
CAMISOLECam"i*sole, n. Etym: [F. See chemise.]
1. A short dressing jacket for women.
2. A kind of straitjacket.
CAMLET Cam"let, n. Etym: [F. camelot (akin to Sp. camelote, chamelote, It. cambellbito, ciambellotto, LL. camelotum, camelinum, fr. Ar. khamlat camlet, fr. kaml pile, plush. The word was early confused with camel, camel's hair also being used in making it. Cf. Calamanco]
Defn: A woven fabric originally made of camel's hair, now chiefly of goat's hair and silk, or of wool and cotton. [Sometimes written camelot and camblet.]
Note: They have been made plain and twilled, of sigle warp and weft, of double warp, and sometimes with double weft also, with thicker yarn. Beck (Draper's Dict. )
CAMLETEDCam"let*ed, a.
Defn: Wavy or undulating like camlet; veined. Sir T. Herbert.
CAMMASCam"mas, n. (Bot.)
Defn: See Camass.
CAMMOCKCam"mock, n. Etym: [AS. cammoc.] (Bot.)
Defn: A plant having long hard, crooked roots, the Ononis spinosa; — called also rest-harrow. The Scandix Pecten-Veneris is also called cammock.
CAMOMILE; CHAMOMILECam"o*mile, Cham"o*mile, n.Etym: [LL. camonilla, corrupted fr. Gr.Humble, and Melon.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of herbs (Anthemis) of the Composite family. The common camomile, A. nobilis, is used as a popular remedy. Its flowers have a strong and fragrant and a bitter, aromatic taste. They are tonic, febrifugal, and in large doses emetic, and the volatile oil is carminative.
CAMONFLETCa*mon"flet, n. Etym: [F.] (Mil.)
Defn: A small mine, sometimes formed in the wall or side of an enemy's gallery, to blow in the earth and cut off the retreat of the miners. Farrow.
CAMORRACa*mor"ra, n. [It.]
Defn: A secret organization formed at Naples, Italy, early in the 19th century, and used partly for political ends and partly for practicing extortion, violence, etc. — Ca*mor"rist (#), n.
CAMOUS; CAMOYS Ca"mous, Ca"moys, a. Etym: [F. camus (equiv. to camard) flat-nosed, fr. Celtic Cam croked + suff. -us; akin to L. camur, camurus, croked.]
Defn: Flat; depressed; crooked; — said only of the nose. [Obs.]
CAMOUSEDCa"moused, (, a. Etym: [From Camouse]
Defn: Depressed; flattened. [Obs.]Though my nose be cammoused. B. Jonson
CAMOUSLYCa"mous*ly, adv.
Defn: Awry. [Obs.] Skelton.
CAMP Camp, n. Etym: [F. camp, It. campo, fr. L. campus plant, fleld; akin to Gr. Campaing, Champ, n.]
1. The ground or spot on which tents, huts, etc., are erected for shelter, as for an army or for lumbermen, etc. Shzk.
2. A collection of tents, huts, etc., for shelter, commonly arranged in an orderly manner. Forming a camp in the neighborhood of Boston. W. Irving.
3. A single hut or shelter; as, a hunter's camp.
4. The company or body of persons encamped, as of soldiers, of surveyors, of lumbermen, etc. The camp broke up with the confusion of a flight. Macaulay.
5. (Agric.)
Defn: A mound of earth in which potatoes and other vegetables are stored for protection against frost; — called also burrow and pie. [Prov. Eng.]
6. Etym: [Cf. OE. & AS. camp contest, battle. See champion.]
Defn: An ancient game of football, played in some parts of England. Halliwell. Camp bedstead, a light bedstead that can be folded up onto a small space for easy transportation. — camp ceiling (Arch.), a kind ceiling often used in attics or garrets, in which the side walls are inclined inward at the top, following the slope of the rafters, to meet the plane surface of the upper ceiling. — Camp chair, a light chair that can be folded up compactly for easy transportation; the seat and back are often made of strips or pieces of carpet. — Camp fever, typhus fever. — Camp follower, a civilian accompanying an army, as a sutler, servant, etc. — Camp meeting, a religious gathering for open-air preaching, held in some retired spot, chiefty by Methodists. It usualy last for several days, during which those present lodge in tents, temporary houses, or cottages. — Camp stool, the same as camp chair, except that the stool has no back. — Flying camp (Mil.), a camp or body of troops formed for rapid motion from one place to another. Farrow. — To pitch (a) camp, to set up the tents or huts of a camp. — To strike camp, to take down the tents or huts of a camp.