CHECKERBOARDCheck"er*board, n.
Defn: A board with sixty-four squares of alternate color, used for playing checkers or draughts.
CHECKEREDCheck"ered, a.
1. Marked with alternate squares or checks of different color or material. Dancing in the checkered shade. Milton.
2. Diversified or variegated in a marked manner, as in appearance, character, circumstances, etc. This checkered narrative. Macaulay.
CHECKERSCheck"ers, n. pl. Etym: [See Checher, v.]
Defn: A game, called also daughts, played on a checkerboard by two persons, each having twelve men (counters or checkers) which are moved diagonally. The game is ended when either of the players has lost all his men, or can not move them.
CHECKERWORKCheck"er*work`, n.
1. Work consisting of or showing checkers varied alternately as to colors or materials.
2. Any aggregate of varied vicissitudes. How strange a checkerwork of Providence is the life of man. De Foe.
CHECKLATONCheck"la*ton, n.
1. Ciclatoun. [Obs.]
2. Gilded leather. [Obs.] Spenser.
CHECKLESSCheck"less, a.
Defn: That can not be checked or restrained.
CHECKMATE Check"mate, n. Etym: [F. échec et mat, fr. Per. shah mat ceckmate, lit., the king is dead, fr. Ar. mata he died, is dead. The king, when made prisoner, or checkmated, is assumed to be dead, and the game is finished. See Chess.]
1. The position in the game of chess when a king is in check and cannot be released, — which ends the game.
2. A complete check; utter defeat or overthrow.
CHECKMATECheck"mate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Checkmated; p. pr. & vb. n.Checkmating.]
1. (Chess)
Defn: To check (an adversary's king) in such a manner that escape in impossible; to defeat (an adversary) by putting his king in check from which there is no escape.
2. To defeat completely; to terminate; to thwart. To checkmate and control my just demands. Ford.
CHECKREINCheck"rein`, n.
1. A short rein looped over the check hook to prevent a horse from lowering his head; — called also a bearing rein.
2. A branch rein connecting the driving rein of one horse of a span or pair with the bit of the other horse.
CHECKROLLCheck"roll`, n.
Defn: A list of servants in a household; — called also chequer roll.
CHECKSTRINGCheck"string`, n.
Defn: A cord by which a person in a carriage or horse car may signal to the driver.
CHECKWORKCheck"work, n.
Defn: Anything made so as to form alternate squares lke those of a checkerboard.
CHECKYCheck"y, a. (Her.)
Defn: Divided into small alternating squares of two tinctures; — said of the field or of an armorial bearing. [Written also checquy, cheguy.]
CHEDDARChed"dar, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to, or made at, Cheddar, in England; as,Cheddar cheese.
CHEEK Cheek, n. Etym: [OE. cheke, cheoke, AS. céace, céoce; cf. Goth. kukjan to kiss, D. kaak cheek; perh. akin to E. chew, jaw.]
1. The side of the face below the eye.
2. The cheek bone. [Obs.] Caucer.
3. pl. (Mech.)
Defn: Those pieces of a machine, or of any timber, or stone work, which form corresponding sides, or which are similar and in pair; as, the cheeks (jaws) of a vise; the cheeks of a gun carriage, etc.
4. pl.
Defn: The branches of a bridle bit. Knight.
5. (Founding)
Defn: A section of a flask, so made that it can be moved laterally, to permit the removal of the pattern from the mold; the middle part of a flask.
6. Cool confidence; assurance; impudence. [Slang] Cheek of beef. SeeIllust. of Beef.— Cheek bone (Anat.) the bone of the side of the fase; esp., themalar bone.— Cheek by jowl, side by side; very intimate.— Cheek pouch (Zoöl.), a sacklike dilation of the cheeks of certainmonkeys and rodents, used for holding food.— Cheeks of a block, the two sides of the shell of a tackle block.— Cheeks of a mast, the projection on each side of a mast, uponwhich the trestletrees rest.— Cheek tooth (Anat.), a hinder or molar tooth.— Butment cheek. See under Butment.
CHEEKCheek, v. t.
Defn: To be impudent or saucy to. [Slang.]
CHEEKEDCheeked, a.
Defn: Having a cheek; — used in composition. "Rose-cheeked Adonis."Shak.
CHEEKYCheek"y,
Defn: a Brazen-faced; impudent; bold. [Slang.]
CHEEPCheep, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Cheeped.] Etym: [Cf. Chirp].
Defn: To chirp, as a young bird.
CHEEPCheep, v. t.
Defn: To give expression to in a chirping tone.Cheep and twitter twenty million loves. Tennyson.
CHEEPCheep, n.
Defn: A chirp, peep, or squeak, as of a young bird or mousse.
CHEER Cheer, n. Etym: [OE. chere face, welcome, cheer, OF. chiere, F. chère, fr. LL. cara face, Gr. , L. cerebrum brain, G. hirn, and E. cranium.]
1. The face; the countenance or its expression. [Obs.] "Sweat of thy cheer." Wyclif.
2. Feeling; spirit; state of mind or heart. Be of good cheer. Matt. ix. 2. The parents . . . fled away with heavy cheer. Holland.
3. Gayety; mirth; cheerfulness; animation. I have not that alacrity of spirit, Nor cheer of mind, that I was wont to have. Shak.
1. That which promotes good spirits or cheerfulness; provisions prepared for a feast; entertainment; as, a table loaded with good cheer.
5. A shout, hurrah, or acclamation, expressing joy enthusiasm,applause, favor, etc.Welcome her, thundering cheer of the street. Tennyson.Whzt cheer Now do you fare What is there that is cheering
CHEERCheer, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cheered; p. pr. & vb. n. cheering.]
1. To cause to rejoice; to gladden; to make cheerful; — often with up. Cowpe.
2. To infuse life, courage, animation, or hope, into; to inspirit; to solace or comfort. The proud he tamed, the penitent he cheered. Dryden.
3. To salute or applaud with cheers; to urge on by cheers; as, to cheer hounds in a chase. To cheer ship, to salute a passing ship by cheers of sailors stationed in the rigging.
Syn. — To gladden; encourage; inspirit; comfort; console; enliven; refresh; exhilarate; animate; applaud.
CHEERCheer, v. i.
1. To grow cheerful; to become gladsome or joyous; — usually with up. At sight of thee my gloomy soul cheers up. A. Philips.
2. To be in any state or temper of mind. [Obs.] How cheer'st thou, Jessica Shak.
3. To utter a shout or shouts of applause, triumph, etc. And even the ranks of Tusculum Could scare forbear to cheer. Macaulay.
CHEERERCheer"er, n.
Defn: One who cheers; one who, or that which, gladdens. "Thou cheerer of our days." Wotton. "Prime cheerer, light." Thomson.
CHEERFULCheer"ful, a.
Defn: Having or showing good spirits or joy; cheering; cheery;contented; happy; joyful; lively; animated; willing.To entertain a cheerful disposition. Shak.The cheerful birds of sundry kind Do chant sweet music. Spenser.A cheerful confidence in the mercy of God. Macaulay.This general applause and cheerful shout. Shak.
Syn. — Lively; animated; gay; joyful; lightsome; gleeful; blithe; airy; sprightly; jocund; jolly; joyous; vivacious; buoyant; sunny; happy; hopeful.
CHEERFULLYCheer"ful*ly, adv.
Defn: In a cheerful manner, gladly.
CHEERFULNESSCheer"ful*ness, n.
Defn: Good spirits; a state of moderate joy or gayety; alacrity.
CHEERILYCheer"i*ly, adv.
Defn: In a cheery manner.
CHEERINESSCheer"i*ness, n.
Defn: The state of being cheery.
CHEERINGLYCheer"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a manner to cheer or encourage.
CHEERISNESSCheer"is*ness, n.
Defn: Cheerfulness. [Obs.] There is no Christian duty that is not to be seasoned and set off with cheerishness. Milton.
CHEERLESSCheer"less, a.
Defn: Without joy, gladness, or comfort.— Cheer"less*ly, adv.— Cheer"less*ness, n.My cheerful day is turned to cheerles night. Spenser.
Syn. — Gloomy; sad; comfortless; dispiriting; dicsconsolate; dejected; melancholy; forlorn.
CHEERLYCheer"ly, a.
Defn: Gay; cheerful. [Obs.] Shak.
CHEERLYCheer"ly, adv.
Defn: Cheerily. [Archaic] Tennyson.
CHEERRYCheer"ry, a.
Defn: Cheerful; lively; gay; bright; pleasant; as, a cheery person.His cheery little study, where the sunshine glimmered so pleasantly.Hawthorne.
CHEESECheese, n. Etym: [OE. chese, AS. cese, fr. L. caseus, LL. casius. Cf.Casein.]
1. The curd of milk, coagulated usually with rennet, separated from the whey, and pressed into a solid mass in a hoop or mold.
2. A mass of pomace, or ground apples, pressed togehter in the form of a cheese.
3. The flat, circuliar, mucilaginous fruit of the dwarf mallow (Malva rotundifolia). [Colloq.]
4. A low courtesy; — so called on account of the cheese form assumed by a woman's dress when she stoops after extending the skirts by a rapid gyration. De Quincey. Thackeray. Cheese cake, a cake made of or filled with, a composition of soft curds, sugar, and butter. Prior. — Cheese fly (Zoöl.), a black dipterous insect (Piophila casei) of which the larvæ or maggots, called ckippers or hoppers, live in cheese. — Cheese mite (Zoöl.), a minute mite (Tryoglyhus siro) in cheese and other articles of food. — Cheese press, a press used in making cheese, to separate the whey from the curd, and to press the curd into a mold. — Cheese rennet (Bot.), a plant of the Madder family (Golium verum, or yellow bedstraw), sometimes used to coagulate milk. The roots are used as a substitute for madder. — Cheese vat, a vat or tub in which the curd is formed and cut or broken, in cheese making.
CHEESE CLOTHCheese" cloth`.
Defn: A thin, loosewoven cotton cloth, such as is used in pressing cheese curds.
CHEESELEPCheese"lep, n. Etym: [Cf. Keslop.]
Defn: A bag in which rennet is kept.
CHEESEMONGERCheese"mon`ger, n.
Defn: One who deals incheese. B. Jonson.
CHEESEPARINGCheese"par`ing, n.
Defn: A thin portion of the rind of a cheese.— a.
Defn: Scrimping; mean; as, cheeseparing economy.
CHEESINESSChees"i*ness, n.
Defn: The quality of being cheesy.
CHEESYChees"y, a.
Defn: Having the nature, qualities, taste, form, consistency, or appearance of cheese.
CHEETAHChee"tah, n. Etym: [Hind. chita.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A species of leopard (Cynælurus jubatus) tamed and used for hunting in India. The woolly cheetah of South Africa is C. laneus. [Written also chetah.]
CHEFChef, n. Etym: [F.]
1. A chief of head person.
2. The head cook of large establishment, as a club, a family, etc.
3. (Her.)
Defn: Same as Chief.
CHEF-D'OEUVREChef`-d'oeuvre", n.; pl. Chefs-d'oeuvre. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A masterpiece; a capital work in art, literature, etc.
CHEGOE; CHEGRECheg"oe, Cheg"re, n.
Defn: See Chigoe.
CHEILOPLASTYChei"lo*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Gr. -plasty.] (Surg.)
Defn: The process of forming an artificial tip or part of a lip, by using for the purpose a piece of healthy tissue taken from some neighboring part.
CHEILOPODAChei*lop"o*da, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Ch.
CHEIROPTERChei*rop"ter, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the Cheiroptera.
CHEIROPTERAChei*rop"te*ra, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of mammalia, including the bats, having four toes of each of the anterior limbs elongated and connected by a web, so that they can be used like wings in flying. See Bat.
CHEIROPTEROUSChei*rop"ter*ous, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Belonging to the Cheiroptera, or Bat family.
CHEIROPTERYGIUMChei*rop`te*ryg"i*um, n.; pl. Cheiropterygia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.(Anat.)
Defn: The typical pentadactyloid limb of the higher vertebrates.
CHEIROSOPHYChei*ros"o*phy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: The art of reading character as it is delineated in the hand.— Chei*ros"o*phist (, n.
CHEIROTHERIUMChei`ro*the"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Poleon.)
Defn: A genus of extinct animals, so named from fossil footprints rudely resembling impressions of the human hand, and believed to have been made by labyrinthodont reptiles. See Illustration in Appendix.
CHEKELATOUNChek`e*la*toun", n.
Defn: See Ciclatoun. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHEKMAKChek"mak, n.
Defn: A turkish fabric of silk and cotton, with gold thread interwoven.
CHELAChe"la, n.; pl. Chelæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The pincherlike claw of Crustacea and Arachnida.
CHELATEChe"late, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Cheliferous.
CHELERYTHRINEChel`e*ryth"rine, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)
Defn: Am alkaloidal principle obtained from the celandine, and named from the red color of its salts, It is a coloriess crystalline substance, and acts as an acrid narcotic poison. It is identical with sanguinarine.
CHELICERAChe*lic"e*ra, n.; pl. Cheliceræ Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the anterior pair of mouth organs, terminated by a pincherlike claw, in scorpions and allied Arachnida. They are homologous with the falcers of spiders, and probably with the mandibles of insects.
CHELIDONChel"i*don, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: The hollow at the flexure of the arm.
CHELIDONICChel`i*don"ic, a. Etym: [See Celandine.] (Chem.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, the celandine. Cheidonic acid, a weak acid extracted fron the celandine (Chelidonium majus), as a white crystalline substance.
CHELIDONIUSChel`i*do"ni*us, n. Etym: [L. (sc. lapillus.)]
Defn: A small stone taken from the gizzard of a young swallow.— anciently worn as a medicinal charm.
CHELIFERChel"i*fer, n. Etym: [Gr. -fer.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Book scorpion, under Book.
CHELIFEROUSChe*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. -ferous.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having cheliform claws, like a crab.
CHELIFORMChel"i*form, a. Etym: [Gr. -form.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having a movable joint or finger closing againts a preceding joint or a projecting part of it, so that the whole may be ised for grasping, as the claw of a crab; pincherlike.
CHELONEChe*lo"ne, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of hardy perennial flowering plants, of the order Scrophulariaceaæ., natives of North America; — called also snakehead, turtlehead, shellflower, etc.
CHELONIAChe*lo"ni*a, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of reptiles, including the tortoises and turtles, perculiar in having a part of the vertebræ, ribs, and sternum united with the dermal plates so as to form a firm shell. The jaws are covered by a horny beak. See Reptilia; also, Illust. in Appendix.
CHELONIANChe*lo"ni*an, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to animals of the tortoise kind.— n.
Defn: One of the Chelonia.
CHELURAChe*lu"ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of marine amphipod crustacea, which bore into and sometimes destroy timber.
CHELYChe"ly, n.
Defn: A claw. See Chela. [Obs.]
CHEMICChem"ic, n. Etym: [See Chenistry.]
1. A chemist; an alchemist. [Obs.]
2. (Bleaching)
Defn: A solution of chloride of line.
CHEMICChem"ic, a.
Defn: Chemical. Blackw. Mag.
CHEMICALChem"ic*al, a.
Defn: Pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical comnbinations. Chemical attraction or affinity. See under Attraction.
CHEMICALChem"ic*al, n.
Defn: A substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
CHEMICALLYChem"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: According to chemical principles; by chemical process or operation.
CHEMIGLYPHICChem`i*glyph"ic, a. Etym: [Chemical +
Defn: Engraved by a voltaic battary.
CHEMIGRAPHYChe*mig"ra*phy, n. [Chemical + -graphy.]
Defn: Any mechanical engraving process depending upon chemical action; specif., a process of zinc etching not employing photography. — Chem`i*graph"ic (#), a.
CHEMILOONChem`i*loon", n.
Defn: A garment for women, consisting of chemise and drawers united in one. [U. S.]
CHEMISE Che*mise", n. Etym: [F., shirt, fr. LL. camisa, camisia, shirt, thin dress; cf. G. hemd, or Olr. coimumse sort of garment. Cf. Camis.]
1. A shift, or undergarment, worn by women.
2. A wall that lines the face of a bank or earthwork.
CHEMISETTEChem`i*sette", n.Etym: [F., dim. of chemise.]
Defn: An under-garment, worn by women, usually covering the neck, shoulders, and breast.
CHEMISMChem"ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chimisme. See Chemistry.]
Defn: The force exerted between the atoms of elementary substance whereby they unite to form chemical compounds; chemical attaction; affinity; — sometimes used as a general expression for chemical activity or relationship.
CHEMISTChem"ist, n. Etym: [Shortened from alchemist; cf. F. chimiste.]
Defn: A person versed in chemistry or given to chemical investigation; an analyst; a maker or seller of chemicals or drugs.
CHEMISTRYChem"is*try, n. Etym: [From Chemist. See Alchemy.]
1. That branch of science which treats of the composition of substances, and of the changes which they undergo in consequence of alterations in the constitution of the molecules, which depend upon variations of the number, kind, or mode of arrangement, of the constituent atoms. These atoms are not assumed to be indivisible, but merely the finest grade of subdivision hitherto attained. Chemistry deals with the changes in the composition and constitution of molecules. See Atom, Molecule.
Note: Historically, chemistry is an outgrowth of alchemy (or alchemistry), with which it was anciently identified.
2. An application of chemical theory and method to the consideration of some particular subject; as, the chemistry of iron; the chemistry of indigo.
3. A treatise on chemistry.
Note: This word and its derivatives were formerly written with y, and sometimes with i, instead of e, in the first syllable, chymistry, chymist, chymical, etc., or chimistry, chimist, chimical, etc.; and the pronunciation was conformed to the orthography. Inorganic chemistry, that which treats of inorganic or mineral substances. — Organic chemistry, that which treats of the substances which from the structure of organized beings and their products, whether animal or vegetable; — called also chemistry of the carbon compounds. There is no fundamental difference between organic and inorganic chemistry. — Physiological chemistry, the chemistry of the organs and tissues of the body, and of the various physiological processes incident to life. — Practical chemistry, or Applied chemistry, that which treats of the modes of manufacturing the products of chemistry that are useful in the arts, of their applications to economical purposes, and of the conditions essential to their best use. — Pure chemistry, the consideration of the facts and theories of chemistry in their purely scientific relations, without necessary reference to their practical applications or mere utility.
CHEMITYPEChem"i*type, n. Etym: [Chemical + -type.] (Engraving)
Defn: One of a number of processes by which an impression from an engraved plate is obtained in relief, to be used for printing on an ordinary printing press.
CHEMOLYSISChe*mol"y*sis, n. Etym: [Chemical + Gr.
Defn: A term sometimes applied to the decomposition of organic substance into more simple bodies, by the use of chemical agents alone. Thudichum.
CHEMOSIS Che*mo"sis, n. [NL., fr. Gr. a swelling of the cornea resembling a cockleshell, fr. a gaping, hence a cockleshell.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammatory swelling of the conjunctival tissue surrounding the cornea. —Che*mot"ic (#), a.
CHEMOSMOSISChem`os*mo"sis, n. Etym: [Chemical + osmosis.]
Defn: Chemical action taking place through an intervening membrane.
CHEMOSMOTICChem`os*mot"ic, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or produced by, chemosmosis. [R.]
CHEMOSYNTHESISChem`o*syn"the*sis, n. [Chemical + synthesis.] (Plant Physiol.)
Defn: Synthesis of organic compounds by energy derived from chemical changes or reactions. Chemosynthesis of carbohydrates occurs in the nitrite bacteria through the oxidation of ammonia to nitrous acid, and in the nitrate bacteria through the conversion of nitrous into nitric acid. — Chem`o*syn*thet"ic (#), a.
CHEMOTAXIS; CHEMIOTAXIS Chem`o*tax"is, n. Formerly also Chem`i*o*tax"is. [Chemical + Gr. arrangement, fr. to arrange.] (Biol.)
Defn: The sensitiveness exhibited by small free-swimming organisms, as bacteria, zoöspores of algæ, etc., to chemical substances held in solution. They may be attracted (positive chemotaxis) or repelled (negative chemotaxis). — Chem`o*tac"tic (#), a. — Chem`o*tac"tic*al*ly, adv.
CHEMUNG PERIODChe*mung" pe"ri*od, (Geol.)
Defn: A subdivision in the upper part of the Devonian system inAmerica, so named from the Chemung River, along which the rocks arewell developed. It includes the Portage and Chemung groups or epochs.See the Diagram under Geology.
CHENGCheng, n. Etym: [Chinese.]
Defn: A chinese reed instrument, with tubes, blown by the mouth.
CHENILLEChe*nille", n. Etym: [F., prop., a caterpillar.]
Defn: Tufted cord, of silk or worsted, for the trimimg of ladies' dresses, for embroidery and fringes, and for the weft of chenille rugs.
CHENOMORPHAEChe`no*mor"phæ, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of birds, including the swans, ducks, geese, flamingoes and screamers.
CHEPSTERChep"ster, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The European starling. [Local, Eng.]
CHEQUECheque, n.
Defn: See Check.
CHEQUERCheq"uer, n. & v.
Defn: Same as Checker.
CHEQUINGChe*quing", n.
Defn: A coin. See Sequin. Shak.
CHEQUYCheq"uy, n. (Her.)
Defn: Same as Checky.
CHERIFCher"if, n.
Defn: See Cherif.
CHERIMOYERCher`i*moy"er, n. Etym: [F. chérimolier.] (Bot.)
1. A small downy-leaved tree (Anona Cherimolia), with fragrant flowers. It is a native of Peru.
2. Its delicious fruit, which is succulent, dark purple, and similar to the custard apple of the West Indies.
CHERISHCher"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cherished; p. pr. & vb. n. Cherising.]Etym: [F. chérir, fr. cher dear, fr. L. carus. See Caress, Finish.]
1. To treat with tenderness and affection; to nurture with care; toprotect and aid.We were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children. 1Thess. ii. 7.
2. To hold dear; to embrace with interest; to indulge; to encourage; to foster; to promote; as, to cherish religious principle. To cherish virtue and humanity. Burke.
Syn. — To nourish; foster; nurse; nurture; entertain; encourage; comfort; protect; support; See Nurture.
CHERISHERCher"ish*er, n.
Defn: One who cherishes.The cherisher of my flesh and blood. Shak.
CHERISHMENTCher"ish*ment, n.
Defn: Encouragement; comfort. [Obs.]Rich bounty and dear cherishment. Spenser.
CHERMESCher"mes, n.
Defn: See Kermes.
CHEROGRILCher"o*gril, n. Etym: [L. choerogryllus, Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Cony.
CHEROKEESCher`o*kees", n. pl.; sing. Cherokee. (Ethnol.)
Defn: An Appalachian tribe of Indians, formerly inhabiting the region about the head waters of the Tennessee River. They are now mostly settled in the Indian Territory, and have become one of the most civilized of the Indian Tribes.
CHEROOTChe*root", n. Etym: [Tamil shuruttu, prop., a roll.]
Defn: A kind of cigar, originally brought from Mania, in the Philippine Islands; now often made of inferior or adulterated tabacco.
CHERRY Cher"ry, n. Etym: [OE. chery, for cherys, fr. F. cerise (cf. AS. cyrs cherry), fr. LL. ceresia, fr. L. cerasus Cherry tree, Gr.
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A tree or shrub of the genus Prunus (Which also includes the plum) bearing a fleshy drupe with a bony stone; (a) The common garden cherry (Prunus Cerasus), of which several hundred varieties are cultivated for the fruit, some of which are, the begarreau, blackheart, black Tartarian, oxheart, morelle or morello, May-duke (corrupted from Médoc in France). (b) The wild cherry; as, prunus serotina (wild black cherry), valued for its timber; P. Virginiana (choke cherry), an American shrub which bears astringent fruit; P. avium and P. Padus, European trees (bird cherry).
2. The fruit of the cherry tree, a drupe of various colors and flavors.
3. The timber of the cherry tree, esp. of the black cherry, used in cabinetmaking, etc.
4. A peculiar shade of red, like that of a cherry. Barbadoes cherry.See under Barbadoes.— Cherry bird (Zoöl.), an American bird; the cedar bird; — socalled from its fondness for cherries.— Cherry bounce, cherry brandy and sugar.— Cherry brandy, brandy in which cherries have been steeped.— Cherry laurel (Bot.), an evergren shrub (Prunus Lauro-cerasus)common in shrubberies, the poisonous leaves of which have a flavorlike that of bitter almonds.— Cherry pepper (Bot.), a species of Capsicum (C. cerasiforme),with small, scarlet, intensely piquant cherry-shaped fruit.— Cherry pit. (a) A child's play, in which cherries are thrown intoa hole. Shak. (b) A cherry stone.— Cherry rum, rum in which cherries have been steeped.— Cherry sucker (Zoöl.), the European spotted flycatcher (Musicapagrisola); — called also cherry chopper cherry snipe. Cherry tree, atree that bears cherries.— Ground cherry, Winter cherry, See Alkekengi.
CHERRYCher"ry, a.
Defn: Like a red cherry in color; ruddy; blooming; as, a cherry lip; cherry cheeks.
CHERSONESECher"so*nese, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: A peninsula; a tract of land nearly surrounded by water, but united to a larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as, the Cimbric Chersonese, or Jutland; the Tauric Chersonese, or Crimea.
CHERTChert, n. Etym: [Ir. ceart stone, perh. akin to E. crag.] (Min.)
Defn: An impure, massive, flintlike quartz or hornstone, of a dull color.
CHERTYChert"y, a.
Defn: Like chert; containing chert; flinty.
CHERUB Cher"ub, n.; pl. Cherubs; but the Hebrew plural Cherubim is also used. Etym: [Heb. kerub.]
1. A mysterious composite being, the winged footstool and chariot of the Almighty, described in Ezekiel i. and x. I knew that they were the cherubim. Ezek. x. 20. He rode upon a cherub and did fly. Ps. xviii. 10.
2. A symbolical winged figure of unknown form used in connection with the mercy seat of the Jewish Ark and Temple. Ez. xxv. 18.
3. One of a order of angels, variously represented in art. In European painting the cherubim have been shown as blue, to denote knowledge, as distinguished from the seraphim (see Seraph), and in later art the children's heads with wings are generally called cherubs.
4. A beautiful child; — so called because artists have represented cherubs as beautiful children.
CHERUBIC; CHERUBICALChe*ru"bic, Che*ru"bic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to cherubs; angelic. "The cherubic host."Milton.
CHERUBIMCher"u*bim, n.
Defn: The Hebrew plural of Cherub.. Cf. Seraphim.
Note: Cherubims, in the King James version of the bible, is an incorrect form, made by adding the English plural termination to the Hebrew plural cherubim instead of to the singular cherub.
CHERUBINCher"u*bin, a.
Defn: Cherubic; angelic. [Obs.] Shak.
CHERUBINCher"u*bin, n.
Defn: A cherub. [Obs.] Dryden.
CHERUPCher"up, v. i. Etym: [Prob. fr. chirp.]
Defn: To make a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to chirp. See Chirrup."Cheruping birds." Drayton.
CHERUPCher"up, v. t.
Defn: To excite or urge on by making a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to cherup to. See Chirrup. He cherups brisk ear-erecting steed. Cowper.
CHERUPCher"up, n.
Defn: A short, sharp, cheerful noise; a chirp; a chirrup; as, the cherup of a cricket.
CHERVILCher"vil, n. Etym: [AS. cerfille, fr. L. caerefolium, chaerephyllum,Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A plant (Anthriscus cerefolium) with pinnately divided aromatic leaves, of which several curled varieties are used in soups and salads.
CHESChes,
Defn: pret. of Chese. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHESEChese, v. t.
Defn: To choose [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHESIBLEChes"i*ble, n.
Defn: See Chasuble.
CHESLIPChes"lip, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The wood louse. [Prov. Eng.]
CHESS Chess, n. Etym: [OE. ches, F. échecs, prop. pl. of échec check. See 1st Check.]
Defn: A game played on a chessboard, by two persons, with two differently colored sets of men, sixteen in each set. Each player has a king, a queen, two bishops, two knights, two castles or rooks, and eight pawns.
CHESSChess, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A species of brome grass (Bromus secalinus) which is a troublesome weed in wheat flelds, and is often erroneously regarded as degenerate or changed wheat; it bears a very slight resemblance to oats, and if reaped and ground up with wheat, so as to be used for food, is said to produce narcotic effects; — called also cheat and Willard's bromus. [U. S.]
Note: Other species of brome grass are called upright chess, soft chess, etc.
CHESS-APPLEChess"-ap`ple, n.
Defn: The wild service of Europe (Purus torminalis).
CHESSBOARDChess"board`, n.
Defn: The board used in the game of chess, having eight rows of alternate light and dark squares, eight in each row. See Checkerboard.
Note: The chessboard and the checkerboard are alike.
CHESSELChes"sel, n.
Defn: The wooden mold in which cheese is pressed. Simmonds.
CHESSESChess"es, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. F. chassis a framework of carpenty.](Mil.)
Defn: The platforms, consisting of two or more planks doweled together, for the flooring of a temporary military bridge. Wilhelm. A singular, chess, is sometimes used. "Each chess consists of three planks." Farrow.
CHESSILChes"sil, n. Etym: [OE. chesil, AS. ceosel gravel, sand.]
Defn: Gravel or pebbles. Halliwell.
CHESSMANChess"man, n.; pl. Chessmen.
Defn: A piece used in the game of chess.
CHESSOMChes"som, n. Etym: [Cf. Chisley.]
Defn: Mellow earth; mold. [Obs.] Bacon.
CHESSTREEChess"tree`, n. Etym: [Cf. F chassis a framework of carpentry.](Naut.)
Defn: A piece of oak bolted perpendicularly on the side of a vessel, to aid in drawing down and securing the clew of the mainsail.
CHESSY COPPERChes`sy" cop"per. (Min.)
Defn: The mineral azurite, found in fine crystallization at Chessy, near Lyons; called also chessylite.
CHEST Chest, n. Etym: [OE. chest, chist, AS. cest, cist, cyst, L. cista, fr. Gr. Cist, Cistern.]
1. A large box of wood, or other material, having, like a trunk, a lid, but no covering of skin, leather, or cloth. Heaps of money crowded in the chest. Dryden.
2. A coffin. [Obs.] He is now dead and mailed in his cheste. Chaucer.
3. The part of the body inclosed by the ribs and breastbone; the thorax.
4. (Com.)
Defn: A case in which certain goods, as tea, opium, etc., are transported; hence, the quantity which such a case contains.
5. (Mech.)
Defn: A tight receptacle or box, usually for holding gas, steam, liguids, etc.; as, the steam chest of an engine; the wind chest of an organ. Bomb chest, See under Bomb. — Chest of drawers, a case or movable frame containing drawers.
CHESTChest, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chested.]
1. To deposit in a chest; to hoard.
2. To place in a coffin. [Obs.] He dieth and is chested. Gen. 1. 26 (heading).
CHESTChest, n. Etym: [AS. ceást.]
Defn: Strife; contention; controversy. [Obs.] P. Plowman.
CHESTEDChest"ed, a.
Defn: Having (such) a chest; — in composition; as, broad-chested; narrow-chested.
CHESTERLITEChes"ter*lite, n. Etym: [See -lite.]
Defn: A variety of feldspar found in crystals in the county ofChester, Pennsylvania.
CHESTEYNChes"teyn, n.
Defn: The chestnut tree. [Obs.]Wilwe, elm, plane, assch, box, chesteyn. Chaucer.
CHEST FOUNDERChest" foun`der. (Far.)
Defn: A rheumatic affection of the muscles of the breast and fore legs of a horse, affecting motion and respiration.
CHESTNUT Chest"nut, n. Etym: [For chesten-nut; OE. chestein, chesten, chastein, chestnut, fr. AS. cisten in cistenbeám chestnut tree, influenced by OF. chastaigne, F. châtaigne, both the AS. and the F. words coming from L. castanea a chestnut, Gr. Castanets.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: The edible nut of a forest tree (Castanea vesce) of Europe andAmerica. Commonly two or more of the nuts grow in a prickly bur.
2. The tree itself, or its light, coarse-grained timber, used for ornamental work, furniture, etc.
3. A bright brown color, like that of the nut.
4. The horse chestnut (often so used in England).
5. One of the round, or oval, horny plates on the inner sides of the legs of the horse, and allied animals.
6. An old joke or story. [Slang] Chestnut tree, a tree that bears chestnuts.
CHESTNUTChest"nut, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining of a chestnut; of a reddish brown color; as, chestnut curls.
CHETAHChe"tah, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Cheetah.
CHETVERTChet"vert, n. Etym: [Russ. chetverte.]
Defn: A measure of grain equal to 0.7218 of an imperial quarter, or 5.95 Winchester bushels. [Russia]
CHEVACHIEChev"a*chie`, n.
Defn: See Chivachie. [Obs.]
CHEVAGEChe"vage, n.
Defn: See Chiefage. [Obs.]
CHEVALChe*val", n.; pl. Chevaux. Etym: [F. See Cavalcade.]
Defn: A horse; hence, a support or frame. Cheval glass, a mirror swinging in a frame, and large enough to reflect the full leght figure.
CHEVAL-DE-FRISEChe*val"-de-frise", n.; commonly used in the pl. Chevaux-de-frise.Etym: [F.; cheval horse + Frise Friesland, where it was first used.](Mil.)
Defn: A piece of timber or an iron barrel traversed with iron-pointed spikes or spears, five or six feet long, used to defend a passage, stop a breach, or impede the advance of cavalry, etc. Obstructions of chain, boom, and cheval-de-frise. W. Irving.
CHEVALIERChe`va*lier", n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. caballarius. See Cavaller.]
1. A horseman; a knight; a gallant young man. "Mount, chevaliers; to arms." Shak.
2. A member of certain orders of knighthood. Chevalier d'industrie (Etym: [F.], one who lives by persevering fraud; a pickpocket; asharper.— The Chevalier St. George (Eng. Hist.), James Francis EdwardStuart (son of James II.), called "The Pretender." — The YoungChevalier, Charles Edward Stuart, son of the Chevalier St. George.
CHEVAUXChe*vaux", n. pl.
Defn: See Cheval.
CHEVECheve, v. i. Etym: [OF. chevir. See Chievance.]
Defn: To come to an issue; to turn out; to succed; as, to cheve well in a enterprise. [Prov. or Obs.] Holland.
CHEVELURECheve*lure", n. Etym: [F., head of hair.]
Defn: A hairlike envelope.The nucleus and chevelure of nebulous star. Sir. W. Hershel.
CHEVENChev"en, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chevanne. Cf. Chavender.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A river fish; the chub. Sir T. Browne.
CHEVENTEINChev"en*tein, n.
Defn: A variant of Chieftain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
CHEVERIL Chev"er*il, n. Etym: [OF. chevrel, F. chevreau, kid, dim. of chevre goat, fr. L. capra. See Caper, v. i.]
Defn: Soft leather made of kid skin. Fig.: Used as a symbol offlexibility. [Obs.]Here's wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ellbroad. Shak.
CHEVERILChev"er*il, a.
Defn: Made of cheveril; pliant. [Obs.]A cheveril conscience and a searching wit. Drayton.
CHEVERLIIZEChev"er*li*ize, v. i.
Defn: To make as pliable as kid leather. [Obs.] Br. Montagu.
CHEVETChe*vet", n. Etym: [F., head of the bed, dim. fr. chef head. SeeChief.] (Arch.)
Defn: The extreme end of the chancel or choir; properly the round or polygonal part.
CHEVIOTChev"i*ot, n.
1. A valuable breed of mountain sheep in Scotland, which takes its name from the Cheviot hills.
2. A woolen fabric, for men's clothing.
CHEVISANCEChev"i*sance, n. Etym: [Of. chevisance, chevissance, fr. chevircometo an end, perform, fr. chef head, end, from L. caput head. SeeChieve, Chief.]
1. Achievement; deed; performance. [Obs.] Fortune, the foe of famous chevisance. Spenser.
2. A bargain; profit; gain. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
3. (O. Eng. Law) (a) A making of contracts. (b) A bargain or contract; an agreement about a matter in dispute, such as a debt; a business compact. (c) An unlawful agreement or contract.
CHEVRETTEChev*rette", n. Etym: [F., fr. chévre goat, fr. L. capra. Cf.Chevron.] (Mil.)
Defn: A machine for raising guns or mortar into their carriages.
CHEVRON Chev"ron, n. Etym: [F., rafter, chevron, from chévre goat, OF. chevre, fr. L. capra she-goat. See Cheveril.]
1. (Her.)
Defn: One of the nine honorable ordinaries, consisting of two broad bands of the width of the bar, issuing, respectively from the dexter and sinister bases of the field and conjoined at its center.
2. (Mil.)
Defn: A distinguishing mark, above the elow, on the sleeve of a noncommisioned officer's coat.
3. (Arch.)
Defn: A zigzag molding, or group of moldings, common in Norman architecture. Chevron bones (Anat.), The V-shaped subvertebral arches which inclose the caudal blood vessels in some animals.
CHEVRONEDChev"roned, p. a.
Defn: Having a chevron; decorated with an ornamental figure of azigzag from.[A garment] whose nether parts, with their bases, were of watchetcloth of silver, chevroned all over with lace. B. Jonson.
CHEVRONELChev"ron*el, n. (Her.)
Defn: A bearing like a chevron, but of only half its width.
CHEVRONWISEChev"ron*wise`, adv. (Her.)
Defn: In the manner of a chevron; as, the field may be divided chevronwise.
CHEVROTAIN Chev`ro*tain", n. Etym: [F. chevrotin, OF. chevrot little goat, roe, dim. of chevre goat. See Chevron.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A small ruminant of the family Tragulidæ a allied to the musk deer. It inhabits Africa and the East Indies. See Kanchil.
CHEVYChev"y, v. t.
Defn: See Chivy, v. t. [Slang, Eng.] One poor fellow was chevied about among the casks in the storm for ten minutes. London Times.
CHEW Chew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chewed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chewing.] Etym: [As ceówan, akin to D. kauwen, G. kauen. Cf. Chaw, Jaw.]
1. To bite and grind with the teeth; to masticate.
2. To ruminate mentally; to meditate on. He chews revenge, abjuring his offense. Prior. To chew the cud, to chew the food ocer again, as a cow; to ruminate; hence, to meditate. Every beast the parteth the hoof, and cleaveth the cleft into two claws, and cheweth the cud among the beasts, that ye shall eat. Deut. xxiv. 6.
CHEWChew, v. i.
Defn: To perform the action of biting and grinding with the teeth; to ruminate; to meditate. old politicians chew wisdom past. Pope.
CHEWChew, n.
Defn: That which is chewed; that which is held in the mouth at once; a cud. [Law]
CHEWERChew"er, n.
Defn: One who chews.
CHEWETChew"et, n.
Defn: A kind of meat pie. [Obs.]
CHEWINKChe"wink, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An american bird (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) of the Finch family, so called from its note; — called also towhee bunting and ground robin.
CHEYENNESChey*ennes", n. pl.; sing. cheyenne. (Ethnol.)
Defn: A warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet, formerly inhabiting the region of Wyoming, but now mostly on reservations in the Indian Territory. They are noted for their horsemanship.
CHIANChi"an a. Etym: [L. chius, fr. Chios the island Chios, Gr.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Chios, an island in the Ægean Sea. Chian earth, a dense, compact kind of earth, from Chios, used anciently as an astringent and a cosmetic. — Chian turpentine, a fragrant, almost transparent turpentine, obtained from the Pistacia Terebinthus.
CHIAROSCURISTChi*a`ros*cu"rist, n.
Defn: A painter who cares for and studies light and shade rather than color.
CHIAROSCURO; CHIARO-OSCURO Chia`ro*scu"ro, Chi*a"ro-os*cu"ro, n. Etym: [It., clear dark.] (a) The arrangement of light and dark parts in a work of art, such as a drawing or painting, whether in monochrome or in color. (b) The art or practice of so arranging the light and dark parts as to produce a harmonious effect. Cf. Clair-obscur.
CHIASM; CHIASMAChi"asm, Chi*as"ma, n. Etym: [NL. chiasma, fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A commissure; especially, the optic commissure, or crucial union of the optic nerves. — Chi*as"mal (, a..
CHIASMUSChi*as"mus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Chiasm.] (Rhet.)
Defn: An inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or subsequently referred to in a sentence; thus, If e'er to bless thy sons My voice or hands deny, These hands let useful skill forsake, This voice in silence die. Dwight.
CHIASTOLITEChi*as"to*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite. See Chiasm. So called from theresemblance of the cross cuts of is crystals to the Greek letter x.](Min.)
Defn: A variety of andalusite; — called also macle. The tesselated apperance of a cross section is due to the symmetrical arrangement of impurities in the crystal.
CHIBBALChib"bal, n. (Bot.)
Defn: See Cibol.
CHIBOUQUE; CHIBOUKChi*bouque", Chi*bouk", n. Etym: [F. chibouque, fr. Turk.]
Defn: A Turkish pipe, usually with a mouthpiece of amber, a stem, four or five feet long and not pliant, of some valuable wood, and a bowl of baked clay.
CHICChic, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: Good form; style. [Slang]
CHICAChi"ca, n. Etym: [Sp.]
Defn: A red coloring matter. extracted from the Bignonia Chica, used by some tribes of South American Indians to stain the skin.
2. A fermented liquor or beer made in South American from a decoction of maize.
3. A popular Moorish, Spanish, and South American dance, said to be the original of the fandango, etc.
CHICALOTEChi`ca*lo"te, n. [Sp., prob. of Mex. origin.] (Bot.)
Defn: A Mexican prickly poppy (Argemone platyceras), which has migrated into California.
CHICANE Chi*cane", n. Etym: [F., prob. earlier meaning a dispute, orig. in the game of mall (F. mail), fr. LGr. chaugan club or bat; or possibly ultimated fr. L. ciccus a trible.]
Defn: The use of artful subterfuge, designed to draw away attention from the merits of a case or question; — specifically applied to legal proceedings; trickery; chicanery; caviling; sophistry. Prior. To shuffle from them by chicane. Burke. To cut short this, I propound it fairly to your own canscience. Berkeley.
CHICANEChi*cane", v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. chicaner. See Chicane, n.]
Defn: To use shifts, cavils, or artifices. Burke.
CHICANERChi*can"er, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chicaneur.]
Defn: One who uses chicanery. Locke.
CHICANERYChi*can"er*y, n. Etym: [F. chicanerie.]
Defn: Mean or unfair artifice to perplex a cause and obscure the truth; stratagem; sharp practice; sophistry. Irritated by perpetual chicanery. Hallam.
Syn.— Trickery; sophistry; stratagem.
CHICCORYChic"co*ry, n.
Defn: See Chicory.
CHICH Chich, n.; pl. Chiches (. Etym: [F. chiche, pois chiche, a dwarf pea, from L. cicer the chick-pea.] (Bot.)
Defn: The chick-pea.
CHICHAChi"cha, n. Etym: [Sp.]
Defn: See Chica.
CHICHEVACHEChiche"vache`, n. Etym: [F. chiche lean + vache cow.]
Defn: A fabulous cow of enormous size, whose food was patient wives, and which was therefore in very lean condition.
CHICHLING; CHICHLING VETCHChich"ling, Chich"ling vetch`, n. Etym: [Chich + -ling.] (Bot.)
Defn: A leguminous plant (Lathyrus sativus), with broad flattened seeds which are sometimes used for food.
CHICKChick, v. i. Etym: [OE. chykkyn, chyke, chicken.]
Defn: To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate. Chalmers.
CHICKChick, n.
1. A chicken.
2. A child or young person; — a term of endearment. Shak.
CHICKABIDDYChick"a*bid`dy, n.
Defn: A chicken; a fowl; also, a trivial term of endearment for a child.
CHICKADEEChick"a*dee`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A small bird, the blackcap titmouse (Parus atricapillus), ofNorth America; — named from its note.
CHICKAREEChick"a*ree`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The American red squirrel (Sciurus Hudsonius); — so called from its cry.
CHICKASAWSChick"a*saws, n. pl.; sing. Chickasaw. (Ethnol.)
Defn: A trible of North American Indians (Southern Appalachian) allied to the Choctaws. They formerly occupied the northern part of Alabama and Mississippi, but now live in the Indian Territory.
CHICKEN Chick"en, n. Etym: [AS. cicen, cyceun, dim. of coc cock; akin to LG. kiken, küken, D. Kieken, kuiken, G. küchkein. See Cock the animal.]
1. A young bird or fowl, esp. a young barnyard fowl.
2. A young person; a child; esp. a young woman; a maiden. "Stella is no chicken." Swift. Chicken cholera, a contagious disease of fowls; - - so called because first studied during the prevalence of a cholera epidemic in France. It has no resemblance to true cholera.
CHICKEN-BREASTEDChick"en-breast`ed, a.
Defn: Having a narrow, projecting chest, caused by forward curvature of the vertebral column.
CHICKEN-HEARTEDChick"en-heart`ed, a.
Defn: Timid; fearful; cowardly. Bunyan.
CHICKEN POXChick"en pox". (Med.)
Defn: A mild, eruptive disease, generally attacking children only; varicella.
CHICKLINGChick"ling, n. Etym: [Chick+-ling.]
Defn: A small chick or chicken.
CHICK-PEAChick"-pea`, n. Etym: [See Chich.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A Small leguminous plant (Cicer arietinum) of Asia, Africa, and the sounth of Europe; the chick; the dwarf pea; the gram.
2. Its nutritious seed, used in cookery, and especially, when roasted (parched pulse), as food for travelers in the Eastern deserts.
CHICKWEEDChick"weed`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: The name of several caryophyllaseous weeds, especially Stellaria media, the seeds and flower buds of which are a favorite food of small birds.
CHICKYChick"y, n.
Defn: A chicken; — used as a diminutive or pet name, especially in calling fowls.
CHICLE; CHICLE GUMChic"le, n., Chicle gum. [Amer. Sp. chicle.]
Defn: A gumlike substance obtained from the bully tree (Mimusops globosa) and sometimes also from the naseberry or sapodilla (Sapota zapotilla). It is more plastic than caoutchouc and more elastic than gutta-percha, as an adulterant of which it is used in England. It is used largely in the United States in making chewing gum.
CHICOChi"co, n.
1. Var. of Chica.
2. The common greasewood of the western United States (Sarcobatus vermiculatus).
3. In the Philippines, the sapodilla or its fruit; also, the marmalade tree or its fruit.
CHICORY Chic"o*ry, n. Etym: [F. chicorée, earlier also cichorée, L. cichorium, fr. Gr. , , Cf. Succory.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A branching perennial plant (Cichorium Intybus) with bright blue flowers, growing wild in Europe, Asia, and America; also cultivated for its roots and as a salad plant; succory; wild endive. See Endive.
2. The root, which is roasted for mixing with coffe.
CHICORYChi"co*ry, n.
Defn: See Chiccory.
CHIDE Chide, v. t. Etym: [imp. Chid, or Chode (Obs.); p. p. Chidden, Chid; p. pr. & vb. n. Chiding.] Etym: [AS. cidan; of unknown origin.]
1. To rebuke; to reprove; to scold; to find fault with. Upbraided, chid, and rated at. Shak.
2. Fig.: To be noise about; to chafe against. The sea that chides the banks of England. Shak. To chide hither, chide from, or chide away, to cause to come, or to drive away, by scolding or reproof.
Syn. — To blame; rebuke; reprove; scold; censure; reproach; reprehend; reprimand.
CHIDEChide, v. i.
1. To utter words of disapprobation and displeasure; to find fault; to contend angrily. Wherefore the people did chide with Moses. Ex. xvii. 2.
2. To make a clamorous noise; to chafe. As doth a rock againts the chiding flood. Shak.
CHIDEChide, n. Etym: [AS. cid]
Defn: A continuous noise or murmur.The chide of streams. Thomson.
CHIDERChid"er, n.
Defn: One who chides or quarrels. Shak.
CHIDERESSChid"er*ess, n.
Defn: She who chides. [Obs.]
CHIDESTERChide"ster, n. Etym: [Chide + -ster.]
Defn: A female scold. [Obs.]
CHIDINGLYChid"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a chiding or reproving manner.
CHIEF Chief, n. Etym: [OE. chief, chef, OF. chief, F. chef, fr. L. caput head, possibly akin to E. head. Cf. Captain, Chapter]
1. The head or leader of any body of men; a commander, as of an army; a head man, as of a tribe, clan, or family; a person in authority who directs the work of others; the pricipal actio or agent.
2. The principal part; the most valuable portion. The chief of the things which should be utterly destroyed.1. Sam. xv. 21
3. (Her.)
Defn: The upper third part of the field. It is supposed to be composed of the dexter, sinister, and middle chiefs. In chief. (a) At the head; as, a commander in chief. (b) (Eng. Law) From the king, or sovereign; as, tenure in chief, tenure directly from the king.
Syn. — Chieftain; captain; general; commander; leader; head; principal; sachem; sagamore; sheik. — Chief, chieftain, Commander, Leader. These words fluctuate somewhat in their meaning according to circumstances, but agree in the general idea of rule and authority. The term chief is now more usually applied to one who is a head man, leader, or commander in civil or military affairs, or holds a hereditary or acquired rank in a tribe or clan; as, the chief of police; the chief of an Indian tribe. A chieftain is the chief of a clan or tribe , or a military leader. A commander directs the movements of or has control over a body of men, as a military or naval force. A leader is one whom men follow, as in a political party, a legislative body, a military or scientific expedition, etc., one who takes the command and gives direction in particular enterprises.