CONTENTSPageIntroduction3WOMAN IN THE PAST.Chapter I.—The Position of Woman in Primeval Society91.Chief Epochs of Primeval History92.Family Forms143.The Matriarchate20Chapter II.—Conflict between Matriarchate and Patriarchate281.Rise of the Patriarchate282.Traces of the Matriarchate in Greek Myths and Dramas343.Legitimate Wives and Courtesans in Athens374.Remnants of the Matriarchate in the Customs of Various Nations445.Rise of the State—Dissolution of the Gens in Rome50Chapter III.—Christianity56Chapter IV.—Woman in the Mediaeval Age631.The Position of Women among the Germans632.Feudalism and the Right of the First Night663.The Rise of Cities—Monastic Affairs—Prostitution694.Knighthood and the Veneration of Women75Chapter V.—The Reformation781.Luther782.Results of the Reformation—The Thirty Years’ War83Chapter VI.—The Eighteenth Century881.Court Life in Germany882.Commercialism and the New Marriage Laws903.The French Revolution and the Rise of Industry93WOMAN AT THE PRESENT DAY.Chapter VII.—Woman as a Sex Being961.The Sexual Impulse962.Celibacy and the Frequency of Suicide100Chapter VIII.—Modern Marriage1041.Marriage as a Profession1042.Decline of the Birthrate1063.Mercenary Marriage and the Matrimonial Market110Chapter IX.—Disruption of the Family1161.Increase of Divorce1162.Bourgeois and Proletarian Marriage124Chapter X.—Marriage as a Means of Support1321.Decline of the Marriage Rate1322.Infanticide and Abortion1353.Education for Marriage1404.The Misery of Present Day Marriages147Chapter XI.—The Chances of Matrimony1531.The Numerical Proportion of the Sexes1532.Obstacles to Marriage—The Excess of Women164Chapter XII.—Prostitution a Necessary Social Institution of Bourgeois Society1741.Prostitution and Society1742.Prostitution and the State1783.The White Slave Trade1884.The Increase of Prostitution—Illegitimate Motherhood1935.Crimes Against Morality and Sexual Diseases204Chapter XIII.—Woman in Industry2091.Development and Extension of Female Labor2092.Factory Work of Married Women—Sweatshop Labor and Dangerous Occupations222Chapter XIV.—The Struggle of Women for Education2331.The Revolution in Domestic Life2332.The Intellectual Abilities of Women2393.Differences in Physical and Mental Qualities of Man and Woman2454.Darwinism and the Condition of Society2535.Woman and the Learned Professions258Chapter XV.—The Legal Status of Women2721.The Struggle for Equality Before the Law2722.The Struggle for Political Equality280THE STATE AND SOCIETY.Chapter XVI.—The Class-State and the Modern Proletariat3071.Our Public Life3072.Aggravation of Social Extremes315Chapter XVII.—The Process of Concentration in Capitalistic Industry3191.The Displacement of Agriculture by Industry3192.Increasing Pauperization—Preponderance of Large Industrial Establishments3233.Concentration of Wealth333Chapter XVIII.—Crisis and Competition3381.Causes and Effects of the Crises3382.Intermediate Trade and the Increased Cost of Living343Chapter XIX.—The Revolution in Agriculture3471.Transatlantic Competition and Desertion of the Country3472.Peasants and Great Landowners3493.The Contrast Between City and Country358THE SOCIALIZATION OF SOCIETY.Chapter XX.—The Social Revolution3631.The Transformation of Society3632.Expropriation of the Expropriators366Chapter XXI.—Fundamental Laws of Socialistic Society3701.Duty to Work of All Able-bodied Persons3702.Harmony of Interests3753.Organization of Labor3804.The Growth of the Productivity of Labor3835.Removal of the Contrast between Mental and Manual Work3926.Increase of Consumption3967.Equal Duty to Work for All3998.Abolition of Trade—Transformation of Traffic405Chapter XXII.—Socialism and Agriculture4071.Abolition of the Private Ownership of Land4072.The Amelioration of Land4093.Changed Methods of Farming4144.Agriculture on a Large and Small Scale—Electric Appliances4155.Vine-Culture of the Future4246.Measures to Prevent Exhaustion of the Soil4277.Removal of the Contrast between City and Country431Chapter XXIII.—Abolition of the State434Chapter XXIV.—The Future of Religion437Chapter XXV.—The Socialist System of Education440Chapter XXVI.—Literature and Art in Socialistic Society451Chapter XXVII.—Free Development of Individuality4551.Freedom from Care4552.Changes in the Methods of Nutrition4573.The Communistic Kitchen4614.Transformation of Domestic Life463Chapter XXVIII.—Woman in the Future466Chapter XXIX.—Internationality473Chapter XXX.—The Question of Population and Socialism4781.Fear of Over-Population4782.Production of Over-Population4813.Poverty and Fecundity4844.Lack of Human Beings and Abundance of Food4875.Social Conditions and Reproductive Ability494Conclusion500
CONTENTSPageIntroduction3WOMAN IN THE PAST.Chapter I.—The Position of Woman in Primeval Society91.Chief Epochs of Primeval History92.Family Forms143.The Matriarchate20Chapter II.—Conflict between Matriarchate and Patriarchate281.Rise of the Patriarchate282.Traces of the Matriarchate in Greek Myths and Dramas343.Legitimate Wives and Courtesans in Athens374.Remnants of the Matriarchate in the Customs of Various Nations445.Rise of the State—Dissolution of the Gens in Rome50Chapter III.—Christianity56Chapter IV.—Woman in the Mediaeval Age631.The Position of Women among the Germans632.Feudalism and the Right of the First Night663.The Rise of Cities—Monastic Affairs—Prostitution694.Knighthood and the Veneration of Women75Chapter V.—The Reformation781.Luther782.Results of the Reformation—The Thirty Years’ War83Chapter VI.—The Eighteenth Century881.Court Life in Germany882.Commercialism and the New Marriage Laws903.The French Revolution and the Rise of Industry93WOMAN AT THE PRESENT DAY.Chapter VII.—Woman as a Sex Being961.The Sexual Impulse962.Celibacy and the Frequency of Suicide100Chapter VIII.—Modern Marriage1041.Marriage as a Profession1042.Decline of the Birthrate1063.Mercenary Marriage and the Matrimonial Market110Chapter IX.—Disruption of the Family1161.Increase of Divorce1162.Bourgeois and Proletarian Marriage124Chapter X.—Marriage as a Means of Support1321.Decline of the Marriage Rate1322.Infanticide and Abortion1353.Education for Marriage1404.The Misery of Present Day Marriages147Chapter XI.—The Chances of Matrimony1531.The Numerical Proportion of the Sexes1532.Obstacles to Marriage—The Excess of Women164Chapter XII.—Prostitution a Necessary Social Institution of Bourgeois Society1741.Prostitution and Society1742.Prostitution and the State1783.The White Slave Trade1884.The Increase of Prostitution—Illegitimate Motherhood1935.Crimes Against Morality and Sexual Diseases204Chapter XIII.—Woman in Industry2091.Development and Extension of Female Labor2092.Factory Work of Married Women—Sweatshop Labor and Dangerous Occupations222Chapter XIV.—The Struggle of Women for Education2331.The Revolution in Domestic Life2332.The Intellectual Abilities of Women2393.Differences in Physical and Mental Qualities of Man and Woman2454.Darwinism and the Condition of Society2535.Woman and the Learned Professions258Chapter XV.—The Legal Status of Women2721.The Struggle for Equality Before the Law2722.The Struggle for Political Equality280THE STATE AND SOCIETY.Chapter XVI.—The Class-State and the Modern Proletariat3071.Our Public Life3072.Aggravation of Social Extremes315Chapter XVII.—The Process of Concentration in Capitalistic Industry3191.The Displacement of Agriculture by Industry3192.Increasing Pauperization—Preponderance of Large Industrial Establishments3233.Concentration of Wealth333Chapter XVIII.—Crisis and Competition3381.Causes and Effects of the Crises3382.Intermediate Trade and the Increased Cost of Living343Chapter XIX.—The Revolution in Agriculture3471.Transatlantic Competition and Desertion of the Country3472.Peasants and Great Landowners3493.The Contrast Between City and Country358THE SOCIALIZATION OF SOCIETY.Chapter XX.—The Social Revolution3631.The Transformation of Society3632.Expropriation of the Expropriators366Chapter XXI.—Fundamental Laws of Socialistic Society3701.Duty to Work of All Able-bodied Persons3702.Harmony of Interests3753.Organization of Labor3804.The Growth of the Productivity of Labor3835.Removal of the Contrast between Mental and Manual Work3926.Increase of Consumption3967.Equal Duty to Work for All3998.Abolition of Trade—Transformation of Traffic405Chapter XXII.—Socialism and Agriculture4071.Abolition of the Private Ownership of Land4072.The Amelioration of Land4093.Changed Methods of Farming4144.Agriculture on a Large and Small Scale—Electric Appliances4155.Vine-Culture of the Future4246.Measures to Prevent Exhaustion of the Soil4277.Removal of the Contrast between City and Country431Chapter XXIII.—Abolition of the State434Chapter XXIV.—The Future of Religion437Chapter XXV.—The Socialist System of Education440Chapter XXVI.—Literature and Art in Socialistic Society451Chapter XXVII.—Free Development of Individuality4551.Freedom from Care4552.Changes in the Methods of Nutrition4573.The Communistic Kitchen4614.Transformation of Domestic Life463Chapter XXVIII.—Woman in the Future466Chapter XXIX.—Internationality473Chapter XXX.—The Question of Population and Socialism4781.Fear of Over-Population4782.Production of Over-Population4813.Poverty and Fecundity4844.Lack of Human Beings and Abundance of Food4875.Social Conditions and Reproductive Ability494Conclusion500
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Introduction3
WOMAN IN THE PAST.
WOMAN AT THE PRESENT DAY.
THE STATE AND SOCIETY.
THE SOCIALIZATION OF SOCIETY.
Conclusion500