75. Introduction to ‘What led to the Discovery of the Sources of the Nile.’ Blackwoods, 1864.
75. Introduction to ‘What led to the Discovery of the Sources of the Nile.’ Blackwoods, 1864.
76. ‘This fine undertaking was most inadequately subsidized: only £1000 was supplied by the Government, through the Society—£750 at the outset, and £250 on their return. The rest of the total cost, £2500, was defrayed jointly by the travellers themselves’ (Mr Findlay, loc. cit., speaking of the East African Expedition of 1856 to 1859). The Treasury, in 1860, contributed £2500, a sum which, with the experience gained during the first expedition, was amply sufficient.
76. ‘This fine undertaking was most inadequately subsidized: only £1000 was supplied by the Government, through the Society—£750 at the outset, and £250 on their return. The rest of the total cost, £2500, was defrayed jointly by the travellers themselves’ (Mr Findlay, loc. cit., speaking of the East African Expedition of 1856 to 1859). The Treasury, in 1860, contributed £2500, a sum which, with the experience gained during the first expedition, was amply sufficient.
77.Träume sind Schäume.
77.Träume sind Schäume.
78. Farsaleh, in the plural Farasileh, is supposed to be an Arabic word, but it is unintelligible to the Arabs, except when they sell coffee. I can only suggest that it is derived from our parcel, and that we, on the other hand, have taken from it the word fraisle (of coffee).
78. Farsaleh, in the plural Farasileh, is supposed to be an Arabic word, but it is unintelligible to the Arabs, except when they sell coffee. I can only suggest that it is derived from our parcel, and that we, on the other hand, have taken from it the word fraisle (of coffee).
79. Capt. Guillain finds amongst the Wasawahili that the cubit averages 45 centi-metres, and amongst the Somal 48 to 49. This agrees with my observations. The latter race is not only tall and gaunt; it has also a peculiarly long and simian forearm: moreover, when cloth is to be measured, the biggest man in the village is generally summoned.
79. Capt. Guillain finds amongst the Wasawahili that the cubit averages 45 centi-metres, and amongst the Somal 48 to 49. This agrees with my observations. The latter race is not only tall and gaunt; it has also a peculiarly long and simian forearm: moreover, when cloth is to be measured, the biggest man in the village is generally summoned.
80. The Banyans import this pulse (Cajanus Indicus) split, skin, boil, and eat it with ghi; sometimes with rice and ghi, like Dall. It is supposed to be a very windy food.
80. The Banyans import this pulse (Cajanus Indicus) split, skin, boil, and eat it with ghi; sometimes with rice and ghi, like Dall. It is supposed to be a very windy food.
81. Unknown in Persia, this little black grain, like poppy seed, comes from Bombay, and is eaten boiled with ghi.
81. Unknown in Persia, this little black grain, like poppy seed, comes from Bombay, and is eaten boiled with ghi.
82. Last good observation of barometer. Two thermometers (F.) used, attached and detached.
82. Last good observation of barometer. Two thermometers (F.) used, attached and detached.
83. According to Captain Guillain (ii. 344) the Arabs call it Ras Mume. As regards the term Dolphin’s Nose, he observes:‘Je dois avouer qui l’analogie pourrait être plus saissisante et elle accuse au moins beaucoup d’imagination chez eux qui l’ont remarquée.’He appears to ignore that Dolphin’s Nose is a recognized term for a long thick, point seen en profil, and understood by every English sailor.
83. According to Captain Guillain (ii. 344) the Arabs call it Ras Mume. As regards the term Dolphin’s Nose, he observes:‘Je dois avouer qui l’analogie pourrait être plus saissisante et elle accuse au moins beaucoup d’imagination chez eux qui l’ont remarquée.’He appears to ignore that Dolphin’s Nose is a recognized term for a long thick, point seen en profil, and understood by every English sailor.
84. Better written Darajah, meaning a step, a tier.
84. Better written Darajah, meaning a step, a tier.
85. Abd el Khuri, ‘the slave of the (married) priest or secular clergyman.’ The people of Socotra were once Christians all. Others write the name Abd el Kari, or slave of the Koran reader.
85. Abd el Khuri, ‘the slave of the (married) priest or secular clergyman.’ The people of Socotra were once Christians all. Others write the name Abd el Kari, or slave of the Koran reader.
86. On the Island of Abd el Khuri, only 20 leagues west of Socotra, heavy showers begin with February and end with April. Modern travellers declare that there is not a single stream except during the rains, and that the well water is all more or less brackish.
86. On the Island of Abd el Khuri, only 20 leagues west of Socotra, heavy showers begin with February and end with April. Modern travellers declare that there is not a single stream except during the rains, and that the well water is all more or less brackish.
87. Ras Hafun (not Jard Hafun), N. lat. 10° 26′ 8″ (Raper).
87. Ras Hafun (not Jard Hafun), N. lat. 10° 26′ 8″ (Raper).
88. Ponta das Baixas, the Cape of Shoals, the point called by the Arabs Ra’as Aswad (Black Head), in N. lat. 4° 32′.
88. Ponta das Baixas, the Cape of Shoals, the point called by the Arabs Ra’as Aswad (Black Head), in N. lat. 4° 32′.
89. They were approaching the Sayf Tawil or Long Shore, which extends from Ra’as el Khayl (N. lat. 7° 46′ 30″) to Ra’as Awaz, the Cape of Change, where the Highlands fall.
89. They were approaching the Sayf Tawil or Long Shore, which extends from Ra’as el Khayl (N. lat. 7° 46′ 30″) to Ra’as Awaz, the Cape of Change, where the Highlands fall.
90. January being the height of the Mausim or Kaskazi, when the Azyab or N. E. wind blows home.
90. January being the height of the Mausim or Kaskazi, when the Azyab or N. E. wind blows home.
91. The Highlands were Jebel el Hirab, the ‘Mountain of the Keel,’ because it appears like a huge dow upturned. It rises some 9 to 10 miles from the seaboard, and backs the Ponta das Baixas or Ra’as Aswad.
91. The Highlands were Jebel el Hirab, the ‘Mountain of the Keel,’ because it appears like a huge dow upturned. It rises some 9 to 10 miles from the seaboard, and backs the Ponta das Baixas or Ra’as Aswad.
92. Ra’as Aswad in N. lat. 4° 44′ 5″ (Raper).
92. Ra’as Aswad in N. lat. 4° 44′ 5″ (Raper).
93. Still generally written Doara. It is apparently a mere Nullah or Fiumara, and is hardly mentioned by modern navigators. I can only suggest that the name might have been derived from Daaro, a district or tribe on the Upper Juba river, and the inveterate confusion of the potamology in this part of Africa can alone account for the error.
93. Still generally written Doara. It is apparently a mere Nullah or Fiumara, and is hardly mentioned by modern navigators. I can only suggest that the name might have been derived from Daaro, a district or tribe on the Upper Juba river, and the inveterate confusion of the potamology in this part of Africa can alone account for the error.
94. N. lat. 2° 2′ 18″ (Capt. Guillain).
94. N. lat. 2° 2′ 18″ (Capt. Guillain).
95. Marka town, N. lat. 1° 44′ 1″, generally known as Bandar Marka.
95. Marka town, N. lat. 1° 44′ 1″, generally known as Bandar Marka.
96. Probably from Goba, the meeting (scil. of waters), Gobwen (corrupted to Govind) meaning the great meeting. Ganana is supposed to mean division or bifurcation. Danok is probably a corruption of the Galla Danesha, a settlement on the left bank of the river. I nowhere find my notice of the ‘Irunjba’ village, and presume that it is a corruption of ‘Gobwen.’
96. Probably from Goba, the meeting (scil. of waters), Gobwen (corrupted to Govind) meaning the great meeting. Ganana is supposed to mean division or bifurcation. Danok is probably a corruption of the Galla Danesha, a settlement on the left bank of the river. I nowhere find my notice of the ‘Irunjba’ village, and presume that it is a corruption of ‘Gobwen.’
97. This reef, beginning at Makdishu, much resembles the great Brazilian formation, extending from Pernambuco southward.
97. This reef, beginning at Makdishu, much resembles the great Brazilian formation, extending from Pernambuco southward.
98. The voyagers had now passed from the barren Somali Coast (Azania) to rich Zanzibar, where the tropical rains extend.
98. The voyagers had now passed from the barren Somali Coast (Azania) to rich Zanzibar, where the tropical rains extend.
99. The cause of the dryness was the immense evaporation which the coolness of night deposited in the form of dew.
99. The cause of the dryness was the immense evaporation which the coolness of night deposited in the form of dew.
100. Mombasah.
100. Mombasah.
101. The Bette of the Arabs.
101. The Bette of the Arabs.
102. This account of Patta is valuable: we hear little of the place from later travellers.
102. This account of Patta is valuable: we hear little of the place from later travellers.
103. Sarhang, or native boatswain.
103. Sarhang, or native boatswain.
104. Englishmen at the time were full of the fate of Mr Park, and they knew little of Africa, who expected the people of Patta to have heard of the Niger.
104. Englishmen at the time were full of the fate of Mr Park, and they knew little of Africa, who expected the people of Patta to have heard of the Niger.
105. Probably meaning Abyssinia.
105. Probably meaning Abyssinia.
106. The Wasawahili, or coast tribes.
106. The Wasawahili, or coast tribes.
107. The Gallas or Ormas are negroids, not negroes. This will answerNote 23, which compares the Gallas with the west coast ‘niggers.’
107. The Gallas or Ormas are negroids, not negroes. This will answerNote 23, which compares the Gallas with the west coast ‘niggers.’
108. The mixture of blood is with the negro races of the interior, driven down as slaves, and with the Arabs and Persians, whose first emigration dates probably from prehistoric ages.
108. The mixture of blood is with the negro races of the interior, driven down as slaves, and with the Arabs and Persians, whose first emigration dates probably from prehistoric ages.
109. We can hardly give them a better character now.
109. We can hardly give them a better character now.
110. During this run they passed the mouths of the Ozi Dana, Zana, or Pokomoni, and of the Adi, Sabaki, or Sabbak, rivers.
110. During this run they passed the mouths of the Ozi Dana, Zana, or Pokomoni, and of the Adi, Sabaki, or Sabbak, rivers.
111. Melinde Pillar is in S. lat. 3° 12′ 8″ (Raper).
111. Melinde Pillar is in S. lat. 3° 12′ 8″ (Raper).
112. Ra’as Gomany, N. point N. lat. 3° 0′ 0″ (Raper).
112. Ra’as Gomany, N. point N. lat. 3° 0′ 0″ (Raper).
113. Kilefi Bay confounded with the mouth of the Adi, Sabaki, or Sabbak river, which debouches a little north of Formosa Bay, in which Melinde lies.
113. Kilefi Bay confounded with the mouth of the Adi, Sabaki, or Sabbak river, which debouches a little north of Formosa Bay, in which Melinde lies.
114. Possibly the Mtu Apa (Tuaca or Nash river), or the Takaungu streamlet, farther north.
114. Possibly the Mtu Apa (Tuaca or Nash river), or the Takaungu streamlet, farther north.
115. The Corôa de Mombaza on the mainland nearly due north (magnetic) of the settlement.
115. The Corôa de Mombaza on the mainland nearly due north (magnetic) of the settlement.
116. Its extreme length is 42 geographical miles.
116. Its extreme length is 42 geographical miles.
117. For leagues, read geographical miles.
117. For leagues, read geographical miles.
118. Modern charts show no such reef, and the minimum of mid-channel is 15 fathoms.
118. Modern charts show no such reef, and the minimum of mid-channel is 15 fathoms.
119. They are about midway in the island’s length.
119. They are about midway in the island’s length.
120. Champani, the‘Ile des Français,’or Cemetery Island.
120. Champani, the‘Ile des Français,’or Cemetery Island.
121. The average rise is about 13 feet.
121. The average rise is about 13 feet.
122. The Mto-ni.
122. The Mto-ni.
123. The Mbuyu, baobab or calabash tree (Adansonia digitata).
123. The Mbuyu, baobab or calabash tree (Adansonia digitata).
124. Corrected to S. lat. 6° 9′ 6″ and E. long. 39° 14′ 5″.
124. Corrected to S. lat. 6° 9′ 6″ and E. long. 39° 14′ 5″.
125. A mistake in title, which I have explained at full length.
125. A mistake in title, which I have explained at full length.
126. Of this Yakut (the ruby) many tales are still told.
126. Of this Yakut (the ruby) many tales are still told.
127. The lucrative copal trade is not mentioned.
127. The lucrative copal trade is not mentioned.
128. Every traveller down to my own time has remarked this abomination at Zanzibar.
128. Every traveller down to my own time has remarked this abomination at Zanzibar.
129. Farinha de páu, or wood-meal.
129. Farinha de páu, or wood-meal.
130. This is apparently derived from their Persian ancestry.
130. This is apparently derived from their Persian ancestry.
131. This is the paralysis from which I suffered in the African interior.
131. This is the paralysis from which I suffered in the African interior.
132. Probably a corruption of the Jezirat (el Khazra), the Green Island of the Arabs.
132. Probably a corruption of the Jezirat (el Khazra), the Green Island of the Arabs.
133. The author had forgotten, or rather he had not seen, the ‘Nile of Magadoxo.’
133. The author had forgotten, or rather he had not seen, the ‘Nile of Magadoxo.’
134. The Ozi river, south of Patta.
134. The Ozi river, south of Patta.
135. The Panga-ni river, which the Arabs would pronounce Fanga-ni.
135. The Panga-ni river, which the Arabs would pronounce Fanga-ni.
136. The Rufigi, Lufigi, or Lufiji.
136. The Rufigi, Lufigi, or Lufiji.
137. A popular error. The nearest river south of Kilwa would be the Lindi, a little known stream in S. lat. 10°.
137. A popular error. The nearest river south of Kilwa would be the Lindi, a little known stream in S. lat. 10°.
138. This is the Nile of Magadoxo, which he has ignored.
138. This is the Nile of Magadoxo, which he has ignored.
139. Webbe in Somali means any stream.
139. Webbe in Somali means any stream.
140. The well-known settlement Berberah. The intelligent Somali evidently believed that the Hawash river and the Nile of Magadoxo are of the same origin.
140. The well-known settlement Berberah. The intelligent Somali evidently believed that the Hawash river and the Nile of Magadoxo are of the same origin.
141. Now generally written Kurachi or Kurachasi, as the Arrooseeya are the Arusi tribe.
141. Now generally written Kurachi or Kurachasi, as the Arrooseeya are the Arusi tribe.
142. Or Boren.
142. Or Boren.
143. The Wadoe tribe.
143. The Wadoe tribe.
144. This is, indeed, a wild confusion.
144. This is, indeed, a wild confusion.
145. The Wanyamwezi.
145. The Wanyamwezi.
146. The Wamakua, near Kilwa.
146. The Wamakua, near Kilwa.
147. The Wahiao, S.E. of the Nyassa Lake.
147. The Wahiao, S.E. of the Nyassa Lake.
148. The Wanguru of Southern Unyamwezi, or of the eastern ghauts, opposite Zanzibar. The text is here corrupt.
148. The Wanguru of Southern Unyamwezi, or of the eastern ghauts, opposite Zanzibar. The text is here corrupt.
149. This appears to be a corruption of Wadoe, called in p. 510 Wuddooa.
149. This appears to be a corruption of Wadoe, called in p. 510 Wuddooa.
150. The Wangindo tribe on the road from Kilwa to the Nyassa Lake.
150. The Wangindo tribe on the road from Kilwa to the Nyassa Lake.
151. The tribes of the Chaga Highland.
151. The tribes of the Chaga Highland.
152. The hill-men of Usumbara.
152. The hill-men of Usumbara.
153. Elanitic.
153. Elanitic.
154. Possibly copal.
154. Possibly copal.
155. Nakhudas, native skippers.
155. Nakhudas, native skippers.
156. Azan, Azania, properly Barr el Khazain, the Land of Tanks, which begins at Ra’as Hafun (N. lat. 10° 26′ 8″) and ends at Ra’as el Khayl (N. Lat. 7° 46′ 30″), about 160 miles in length.
156. Azan, Azania, properly Barr el Khazain, the Land of Tanks, which begins at Ra’as Hafun (N. lat. 10° 26′ 8″) and ends at Ra’as el Khayl (N. Lat. 7° 46′ 30″), about 160 miles in length.
157. The inhabitants hide themselves from strangers. In the interior they are tolerably numerous. Being Somal, they will not eat fish or fowl, as I have explained in my First Footsteps in East Africa.
157. The inhabitants hide themselves from strangers. In the interior they are tolerably numerous. Being Somal, they will not eat fish or fowl, as I have explained in my First Footsteps in East Africa.
158. It is the ‘Nile of Makdishu,’ supposed to issue from the lake Kaura. Of late years it has been called Webbe (River) Gamana or Webbe Giredi, and by Lieut. Christopher, the ‘Haines River.’ According to others, it rises about N. lat. 9° to 10° at a place called Denok, whence also one of its multitudinous names.
158. It is the ‘Nile of Makdishu,’ supposed to issue from the lake Kaura. Of late years it has been called Webbe (River) Gamana or Webbe Giredi, and by Lieut. Christopher, the ‘Haines River.’ According to others, it rises about N. lat. 9° to 10° at a place called Denok, whence also one of its multitudinous names.
159. Ganana in Somaliland: it cannot be a large city. Here we may observe the Govind (Gulb-wen), alias the Juba River, upon whose right bank Ganana lies, is confounded with the ‘Nile of Magadoxo,’ and the eastern branch of the latter, called Webbe Gamana, has added to the confusion.
159. Ganana in Somaliland: it cannot be a large city. Here we may observe the Govind (Gulb-wen), alias the Juba River, upon whose right bank Ganana lies, is confounded with the ‘Nile of Magadoxo,’ and the eastern branch of the latter, called Webbe Gamana, has added to the confusion.
160. This may be the case if for Nile we read ‘Blue River.’ The Webbe Gamana, alias Nile of Makdishu, may, like the Webbe Ganana or Juba, rise in the S. Eastern counter-slope of the Abyssinian Highlands, which discharge to the N. West the Bahr el Azrak.
160. This may be the case if for Nile we read ‘Blue River.’ The Webbe Gamana, alias Nile of Makdishu, may, like the Webbe Ganana or Juba, rise in the S. Eastern counter-slope of the Abyssinian Highlands, which discharge to the N. West the Bahr el Azrak.
161. This, again, is the Juba, Webbe Ganana, or Govind River, whose bar is in S. lat. 0° 14′ 30″, or, according to others, in 0° 14′ 5″.
161. This, again, is the Juba, Webbe Ganana, or Govind River, whose bar is in S. lat. 0° 14′ 30″, or, according to others, in 0° 14′ 5″.
Transcriber’s NotePlace names are often spelled differently, usually by employing (or not) a hyphen. Where there is no other instance of a given variant, the other more common version is adopted; otherwise, the spelling stands here as printed.Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original.8.1the tall tower of Fort Chak-[c/C]hakReplaced.32.3called by contemporary historians, ‘Zimbas[’]:Inserted.62.19[(]This appears to beAdded.86.8and the dead[’],Added.105.94the Jongolia[-]ni promontory.Inserted.142.27turned into a verb, e.g. ‘ba-yatafaggazú[’],Inserted.146.12used as kilts [(]Mkifu) by the WamasaiInserted.168.23from geograp[h]ical workInserted.183.5wird zum Besten der Menschheit.[’]Removed.277.4des pièces de mâture[’]Added.344.26without cramp[ s/s ]or convulsionsShifted space.356.3or fish w[ie/ei]rsTransposed.370.23Eastern Intertropical Africa[.]Restored.373.20with a deta[t]chment to capture a gunRemoved.415.17and hippo[po]tamus’ teethInserted.450.38at [6 ]p.m., 85°.Added.455.17[52/25] Temperature of air at sunriseTransposed.469.16taken at 8P.M.60° 55[″/′].Replaced.476.16carrying with[ with] us a presentRemoved.481.22No fruit except the co[o]coa-nutRemoved.494.27They are in general pur[s/c]hasedReplaced.
Transcriber’s Note
Transcriber’s Note
Transcriber’s Note
Place names are often spelled differently, usually by employing (or not) a hyphen. Where there is no other instance of a given variant, the other more common version is adopted; otherwise, the spelling stands here as printed.
Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original.