Chapter 32

fyrdhwæt†warlike, brave.fyrdian(ie)to go on an expedition,Chr.fyrdlāff.remnant of an army, ÆL 25377.fyrdlēas(ie)without an army,Chr894a.fyrdlēoð† n.war-song.fyrdlicmartial, Æ.fyrdmannm.warrior,Bo.fyrdnoð(e) m.liability to military service, BC 3·717.fȳrdracam.fire-spewing dragon,B2689. [‘firedrake’]fyrdrianwv.to serve in the army, go on active service, ÆL 2811.fyrdrinc† (e) m.warrior, soldier.fyrdsceorpn.armour,Rd1513.fyrdscipn.battle-ship, LL.fyrdsearu†n.accoutrements.fyrdsōcnf.military service, Ct.fyrdstemnm.body of soldiers who serve for a fixed term, army-corps,Chr921.fyrdtībern.military sacrifice? (Swt), WW 41822; A 15·187.fyrdtrumam.martial band, army, ÆH 1·44234.fyrdung(eo, i) f.military expedition, armament,LL; Æ:camp:fine for evading military service, LL. [‘ferding’]fyrdwǣn(i) m.military carriage? EC 25022.fyrdweardf.military watch, LL 444[1].fyrdwerodn.host, army, WW 39930.fyrdwīcn.camp, Æ.fyrdwīsam.chieftain,Cra77.fyrdwīsef.military style,Nar928.fyrdwīten.fine for evading military service.fyrdwyrðedistinguished in war, B 1316.-fyredev.twi-,ðri-f.fyren==firenfȳrenI.of fire, fiery, AO, CP:on fire, burning, flaming.II.fire,CPs.fȳrenfulfiery,LPs, W.fyrengāt(WW 42311) =firgengātfȳrentācenn.fiery sign, MFH 13112.fȳrentācnian‘compellere’ (?) RHy 621.fȳrenðecelef.firebrand, BH 47615.fyres=fyrsfyrest=fyrst,fyrmestsuperl. adj.fyrewyt=fyrwitfȳrfeaxenfiery-haired, WW.fȳrfōda(ī) m.fuel, twigs for burning, OEG 788.fȳrgearwungafp.materials for a fire, WW 4019.fȳrgebeorhn.firescreen?protection from fire? LL 455[17].fȳrgebræcn.crackling of fire,Gen2560.fyrgen==firgenfȳrgnāstm.spark of fire,An1548. [ON.gneisti]fyrhv.furh.fȳrhāthot as fire, burning, ardent,El. [‘firehot’]fȳrheardhardened by fire, B 305.±fyrhtI.afraid, timid. [forht]II.=frehtfyrht-an, -ian (fryht-, N)to fear, tremble,DR: (±)frighten, terrify,BH. [‘fright,’ vb.]fyrhtnesf.fear, AO.fyrhto, fyrhtu (fryht-, N) f. ‘fright,’fear, dread, trembling,Ps, VHy; Æ, AO, CP:horrible sight. [forht]fyrhð==ferhð±fyrhðen., fyr(h)ð f.wooded country?Ct. [‘frith’]fȳrhūsn. ‘caminatum,’house with a fireplace in it?WW. [‘firehouse’]fȳrhwēolodv.fēowerhwēolod.fyrian(B 378) =ferianfȳrianI.to supply with firing,LL. [‘fire’ vb.]II.(±)to cut a furrow. [furh]fyrlenI.(eo, e)far off, distant, remote, Æ.II.n.distance, Æ.fȳrlēohtn.gleam of fire, B 1516. [‘firelight’]fȳrlēomam.gleam of fire,Sat128.fȳrlīce=fǣrlīcefȳrlocam.fiery prison,Sat58.fyrm=feormfȳrmǣlm.mark burnt in by fire,An1136.fyrmest(o) superl. offormaI.‘foremost,’first,Æ, CP, Lcd:most prominent, chief, best,El, Mt.II.adv.first of all, in the first place, at first, most, especially, very well, best.fyrmðf.harbouring, entertainment, LL:cleansing, washing. [feorm]fyrnI.(i) adj.former, ancient,Rd.II.adv. (±)formerly, of old, long ago, once, ÆL. [‘fern’]±fyrndagasmp.days of yore, ÆL. frðd fyrndagumold, aged.fyrnful=firenfulfyrngēar† np.former years,Gn, Ps. [‘fernyear’]fyrngēara† adv.formerly, of old.fyrn-geflit† n. nap. -geflituformer quarrel, old strife.fyrngeflitam.old-standing enemy,Pa34.fyrngemyndn.ancient history,El327.fyrngesceapn.ancient decree,Ph360.fyrngesetu‡ np.former seat, habitation.fyrngestrēonn.ancient treasure,Sol32.fyrngeweorc† n.former, ancient work.fyrngewinnn.primeval struggle, B 1689.fyrngewrit† n.old writings, scripture.fyrngewyrhtn.former work, fate,Gu944.fyrngiddn.ancient prophecy,El542.fyrnian=firenianfyrnlicformer, of times past, Æ.fyrnmannm.man of old times, B 2761.+fyrnnesf.antiquity, NC 294.fyrnsægenf.old saying, ancient tradition,An1491.fyrnsceaðam.devil,An1348.fyrnstrēamas† mp.ocean.fyrnsynnf.sin of old times,Jul347.fyrnum=firenumfyrnweorc† n.work of old, creation.fyrnwita(eo2) † m.sage, counsellor.fȳr-panne, -ponne f. ‘fire-pan,’brazier,Bl, MH, WW.fyrrv.feorr.fȳrrace(fērrece) f.fire-rake, WW 2736.fyrran=feorranfyrsI.m. ‘furze,’gorse, bramble,Bo, WW.II.n. =fersfȳrscoflf. ‘fire-shovel,’WW35816.fyrsian=feorsianfȳrsmeortendev.smeortan.fyrsn=fiersnfȳrspearcam.fire-spark.fyrstI.‘first,’Chr, Ex:foremost, principal,chief,LL.II.adv.in the first place, firstly, at first, originally,Ct.III.(Æ) = first I. and II.+fyrstn.frost, LL 454[11].fyrst-= forst-, first-fȳrstānm. ‘firestone,’stone used for striking fire, flint,WW.fȳrsweartblack with smoke,Cr984.fȳrtangf.‘(fire-)tongs,’ A 9·263.fȳrtorrm.beacon, lighthouse, WW.fȳrðling=fēorðlingfȳrðollef?furnace, stage on which martyrs were burned, OEG.±fyrðran(Gl, AO), fyrðian (Bo; Æ)to‘further,’urge on, advance, promote, benefit.fyrðringnesf., fyrðrung (Lcd; W) f.furtherance, promotion. [‘furthering’]fyrwet=fyrwitfyrwetfulcurious, anxious.fyrwetgeorncurious, anxious, inquisitive. adv. -līce (GD 17428).fyrwetgeornesf.curiosity,Bl6922.fyrwitI.n.curiosity, yearning, Æ.II.adj.curious, inquisitive.fyrwitnesf.curiosity, Æ.fȳrwylmm.wave of fire, B 2672.±fȳsanto send forth, impel, stimulate:drive away, put to flight, banish: (usu. reflex.)hasten, prepare oneself,An, Gen. [‘fuse’]fȳsian(ē)to drive away,LL, W. [‘feeze’]fȳst(ē) f. ‘fist,’Æ, OET; CP.fȳstgebēatn.blow with the fist, CP 315.+fȳstlianto strike with the fist,Sc714.fȳstslægenstruck with the fist, WW 39633.fyðer-= fiðer-, fēower-fyðera, fyðeras, fyð(e)ru, nap. of fiðere.fyx=fiscfyxe(OET) f.she-fox, vixen.fyxen(i)I.f.she-fox, vixen.II.adj.of a fox.fyxenhȳd(i) f.she-fox’s skin.Ggāimperat. and pres. 1 sg. ind. ofgān.gab-(Gl) =gafgabote(u2) f.side-dish,EGl. [L.gabata]gādI.† n.lack, want, need, desire. [Goth.gaidw]II.f. ‘goad,’point, arrow-head, spear-head,Cp, Sol.±gadam.comrade, companion, ÆL. [Ger.gatte]gaderian(Æ) =gadrian±gaderscipe(æ) m.matrimony, OEG.gadertangcontinuous, united.gadertangnes(æ) f.continuation.±gaderung(æ) f.gathering together: ‘gathering,’Lcd:union, BH:assembly,A, Jn.+gaderwyrhtannp.assembled workmen, ÆL 6·186.gād-īren(LL 455, 15), -īsen n.goad.gador=geador±gadori(ge)an=gadrian±gadorwistf.companionship, WW.±gadrian(æ)to‘gather,’unite: (+) (refl.)assemble,Chr:collect, store up,An, G, Ps; Æ, CP:pluck(flowers, etc.):compile: (+)associate(with): (+)concentrate(thoughts),Bo. [geador]gǣ=gēagǣc=gēacgædn.society, fellowship,Sol449.gǣd=gād I.gædeling† m.kinsman, fellow, companion in arms, comrade,B, Da. [‘gadling’]gæder-= gader-gædr-= gadr-gæf= geaf pret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.gæfe=giefugæfelI.=geafl I.II.(MtL) =gafolgǣfon= gēafon pret. pl. ofgiefan.-gǣganv.for-,ofer-g.gæglbǣrnes=gagolbǣrnesgǣlanto hinder, impede, keep in suspense, CP: (intr.)linger, delay. [gāl]gæleðpres. 3 sg. ofgalan.gǣlingf.delay, CP 391.gǣlnes=gālnesgǣlsa(ē) m., gǣls? (OEG 611) f.pride, wantonness, luxury, Æ, W: (worldly)care, MtL 1322:a greedy person. [gāl]gǣlslic‘luxuriosus,’ NC 291.gælðpres. 3 sg. ofgalan.gæmnian=gameniangǣn-= gēan--gǣnanv.tō-g.+gænge=+gengegǣp=gēapgær-= gear-, græ-gǣr==gēargǣredwedge-shaped, BC 3·251´. [gār]-gǣredev.twi-,ðri-g.gærs(græs) n. ‘grass,’blade(of grass),herb, young corn, hay, plant,An, Cp, CP; Æ.gærsama=gærsumagærsbeddn. (grass-bed),grave,PPs10215.gærscīðm.blade of grass, AO 3811.gærsgrēnegrass-green, WW 19924.gærs-hoppam., -hoppe (e1) f. ‘grasshopper,’locust,MtR(græs-),Ps, VPs(e).gærsstapa=gærstapagærsswȳnn.pasturage-swine, LL 445[2].gærstapam.grasshopper, locust, Æ, AO.gærstūnm.grass-enclosure, meadow,LL. [‘garston’]gærstūndīcm.meadow-dike, Ct.gærsummn., gærsuma f.jewel, costly gift, treasure, riches,Chr. [‘gersum’]gærswyrtf. ‘herba,’grass,APs362.gærsyrðf.pasturage in return for ploughing, labour, LL 447, 4, lc. [‘grassearth’]gǣsne(ē, ēa) w. g. or on.deprived of, wanting, destitute, barren, sterile,An, Cr:dead. [‘geason’]gæst(a, e, i, ie, y) m. (nap. gastas)stranger,MtL(e),Rd: ‘guest,’B, Gen(ie); RB (y): (†)enemy.gǣstI.m. ==gāstII.pres. 2 sg. ofgān.gæstærn(e1, y1, e2) n.guest-chamber:inn.gǣstanto frighten,Jul17. [‘gast’]gæsthofn.guest-house,Cr821.gæsthūs(ie) n. ‘guest-house,’guest-chamber, inn,Mk. [Ger.gasthaus]gæstlic†hospitable:inhospitable, dreary?Wa73.gæstlīðe(i1)hospitable.gæstlīðnesf.hospitality:shelter, home, ANS 122·248.gæstmægen(i1) n.band of guests?Gen2494.gæstsele(e, y) † m.guest-hall.gǣsð=gāstgæt=geatgǣtnap. ofgāt.gǣtan=gēatangǣtenof or belonging to a goat.gǣðpres. 3 sg. ofgān.gaf= geaf pret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.gafel=gafolgafelianto rent(land),Ct. [‘gavel’]gafellic(WW 40321) =gafollicgafelro(n)d(WW 20433) =gafolrandgafelucm.spear, javelin,OEG, WW; ÆL. [‘gavelock’]gaffetungf.scoffing, mocking, Æ.gafol(æ, ea1; e, u2)I.n. gs. gaflestribute, tax, duty,AO, Gl, MtL(æ):interest, profit, rent,Gl(æ),Mt; Æ. [giefan]II.f.fork, OET 463 (v. A 36·60).[‘gavel’]gafolbærem.barley paid as rent, TC 1452.gafolgerēfa(æ1, e2) m.taxgatherer, MtR.gafolgielda(AO) (i3, y3) m.tributary, tenant, debtor.gafolgyldn. ‘fiscus,’revenue? GPH 395.gafolgylderem.tributary, Æ.gafolheordf.taxable swarm(of bees), LL 448[5].gafolhwītelm.tribute-blanket, a legal tender instead of coin for the rent of a hide of land, LL 108[44,1].gafollandn.leased land, land let for rent or services, LL 126[2].gafollicfiscal, OEG 620.gafolmǣdf.meadow which was mown as part of the rent, TC 1453.gafolmanung(ea1, o3) f.place of tribute or custom, MkR 214.gafolpenigm.tribute-penny, LL 446.gafolrǣdenf.tribute, rent, LL.gafolrandm.compasses. [gafol II.+rind? A 36·59]gafolswānm.swine-herd who paid rent in kind for permission to depasture his stock, LL 448[6].gafoltīningf.fencing-wood given as part of the rent, TC 1458.gafolwydum.firewood supplied as part of the rent, TC 1456.gafolyrðf.land subject to tribute, rented land, LL 447.±gafsprǣcf.foolish speech, scurrility, ÆL.gaful=gafolgagātes, gagātstān (WW 1485) m.agate, jet,BH. [‘gagate’]gagelm? ‘gale,’bog-myrtle,Lcd; Mdf.gagelcroppanmpl.tufts of gale,Lcd33a.gagelle, gagolle f. =gagelgagol= (1)gāl; (2)gagelgagolbǣrnes(gægl-) f.wantonness, CP.gagulswillanto gargle,Gl.gālI.n.lust, luxury, wantonness, folly, levity.II.adj.gay, light, wanton,Bo, BH:proud, wicked. [‘gole’]±galan6to sing, call, cry, scream,B, Met:sing charms, practice incantation. [‘gale’]galder-= galdor-galdor(ea) n.magic song, incantation, spell, enchantment, Æ.galdorcræftm.occult art, incantation, magic.galdorcræftigam.wizard, LL 38[30].galdorcwidem.incantation,Rd497.galdorgalendusing enchantments, WW.galdorgalerem.wizard, WW 34615.galdorlēoðn.incantation.galdorsangm.incantation, W 25310.galdorwordn.magic word,Rim24.galdrem.wizard, magician.galdriggef.enchantress,Gl.galdrunap. ofgaldor.galendm.enchanter,VPs.galerem.wizard, snake-charmer, WW.gālferhðwanton, licentious,Jud62.gālfrēolsm.revel, ‘lupercalia,’ OEG.gālfulwanton, lustful, luxurious. adv. -līce.galg-= gealg-gālianto be wanton,Sc8710.GalilēiscGalilean.galla(VPs; DR) =geallagallac=gallocGalleas, Gallias mp.Gauls, Franks, French.galled=gealledgālliclustful,BH, Bo; Æ. [‘golelich’]Gallie=GalleasGalliscGaulish, French.galloc(u2) m.comfrey, gall-apple.gālmōdwanton, licentious,Jud256.gālnesf.frivolity, wantonness, lust,Sc; Æ. [‘goleness’]gālscipem.excess, luxury, lasciviousness, wantonness,Æ:pride. [‘goleship’]gālserem.licentious person, W 726.gālsmǣrefrivolous, facetious, jocose, RB 308. [v. ‘smere’]galungf.incantation, OEG 4940. [galan]Galwalasmp.Gauls, Frenchmen:France.gambe(o) † f.tribute.gamel==gamolgamelic=gamenlicgamen(o) n.sport, joy, mirth, pastime, ‘game,’amusement,B,Bo; Æ, CP.gamenianto pun, play, joke,Æ, Sc. [‘game’]gamenlicbelonging to games, theatrical, OEG. adv. -līceartfully,Æ. [‘gamely’]gamenungf.jesting, pastime.gamenwāðu(o1) f.merry journey, B 854.gamenwudu(o1) † m.mirthful wood, harp.gamnian=gameniangamol†old, aged, hoary, ancient. [ge-, mǣl]gamolfeax†grey-haired.gamolferhðold, aged,Gen2867.gānpret. 3 sg. ofgīnan.±gānpret. 3 sg. ēode, anv.to‘go’ (‘i-go’),move, proceed, advance, traverse, walk,Æ, BH, G; CP:happen, turn out, take place,Lk: (+)gain, conquer, occupy, overrun, AO: (+)observe, practice, exercise, effect.gandram.gander,ÆGr; Ct.ganet=ganotgangI.(e, eo, o, u) m.going, journey, progress, track, footprint,B, Lcd, RB; Æ:flow, stream, way, passage, course, path, bed,AO, Bl:drain, privy,Æ: (in pl.)platform, stage, GPH 394. [‘gang,’ ‘gong’]II.imperat. and pret. sg. ofgangan.+gangn.occurrence, WW 3949;passage(lapse)of time, GD 17910.gangan7(B, Bl) pret. geng (eo, a) =gāngangdægm.one of the three processional days before Ascension day, Rogation day,Chr. [‘gangdays’]gangehere=gangheregangelwæfre=gangewæfregangernn.privy, WW 18415. [ærn]gangewifre(eo1, o1; æ2; æ3) f. (a weaver as he goes),spider.ganggeteldn.portable tent, WW 1873.gangherem.army of foot-soldiers, AO 15424.gang-pyttm., -setl n., -stōl m., -tūn m. (Æ)privy.gangwegm.thoroughfare,WW. [‘gangway’]gangwucef.Rogation week, the week of holy Thursday,Mk. [‘gangweek’]gānianto yawn, gape, open,Ps;Gl. [‘gane’]ganotm. ‘gannet,’sea-bird, water-fowl,B, Chr. ganotes bæðthe sea.ganra=gandragānungf.yawning, WW 16237.-gapianv.ofer-g.gār†I.m. ‘spear,’dart, javelin,B, PPs. [‘gare’]II.tempest?Gen316.III.=gāra(Mdf).gāram.corner, point of land, cape, promontory,AO. [gār; ‘gore’]gārbēamm.spear-shaft,Ex246.gārberend† m.warrior.gārcēnebold in fight, B 1958.gārclifef.agrimony,Lcd.gārcwealmm.death by the spear, B 2043.gare=gearogārfaru† f.warlike expedition.gārgetrumarmed company,Cr673.gārgewinn† n.fight with spears, battle.gārhēapm.band of warriors,Ex321.gārholtn.shafted spear, B 1835.gārlēacn. ‘garlic,’Lcd; Æ.gārmittingf.battle, †Chr937.gārnīðm.conflict, war,GnE128.gārrǣsm.battle,Ma32.gārsecgm.ocean, sea, AO.gārtornm.fighting rage,Sol145.gār-ðracuf. ds. -ðræcebattle,El1186.gārðrīst†bold, daring.garuwe=gearwegār-wiga†, -wīgend ‡ m.spearman, warrior.gārwudum.spear-shaft, lance,Ex325.gāsrīcm.savage person?Rune Casket.gast==gæstgāst(ǣ) m.breath,Ps, VPs:soul, spirit, life,Gen, Ex, Mt; CP:good or bad spirit, angel, demon, Æ;BH, Mt:Holy Ghost,A, Jn, VPs:man, human being,Gu. [‘ghost’]gāstanto meditate? AS 31.gāstberend(æ) † m.living soul, man.gāstbonam.soul-slayer, the Devil, B 177.gāstbrūcendepractising in the spirit, Æ.gāstcofam.breast,Leas13.gāstcund(ǣ)spiritual,Gu743.gāstcwalu(ǣ) f.torment, pains of hell,Gu651.gāstcyningm.soul’s king, God,Gen2883.gāstedom(ǣ)spirituality, MFH 112.gāstgedāl† n.death.gāstgehygd† n.thought.gāstgemynd(ǣ) n.thought,Gu574.gāstgenīðla(ǣ) m.devil,Jul245.gāstgerȳne† n.spiritual mystery:thought, consideration.gāstgewinn(ǣ) ‡ n.soul-torment, pains of hell.gāstgifuf.special gift of the Holy Spirit(e.g. gift of tongues), WW 2008.gāsthālig†holy in spirit, holy.gāstlēaslifeless, dead,El. [‘ghostless’]gāstlicspiritual, holy,A, Æ; CP:clerical(not lay),BH; CP, Æ:ghastly, spectral,Nic. adv. -līcespiritually, Æ. [‘ghostly’]gāstlufu(ǣ) † f.spiritual love.gāstsunu† m.spiritual son. Godes g.Christ.gat=geatgātf. gs. gǣte, gāte, nap. gǣt, gētshe-‘goat,’Cr, Ep, Lcd, Rd.gātahierde=gāthyrdegātahūsn.goat-house, WW 1858.gātbuccam.he-goat,WW. [‘goat-buck’]gātehǣrn.goat’s hair, Æ.gātetrēown.cornel tree?Lcd32b.gāthyrde(io) m. ‘goat-herd,’LL.gatuv.geat.gāðpres. pl. ofgān.geconj.and, also. ge...geboth...and, not only...but also;whether...or. ǣg(hwæ)ðer ge...geboth...and;either...or.ge-prefix (indicated by the sign + in this Dict.), original meaningtogether; but it has usually lost all collective or intensitive force.gēI.(īe) pron. 2 pers. pl., dp. ēow. ap. ēow(ic) ‘ye,’you.II.=gēagēaadv. ‘yea,’yes, BH.geabul=gafolgēacm.cuckoo. [v. ‘gowk,’ ‘yeke’]gēacessūref.wood-sorrel,Gl.geadorunitedly, together.geadrungf.text, MtL p817.geaduling=gædelinggeafpret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.geaf-= gif-geafl= (1)gafol; (2)ceaflgeafol==gafolgēafonpret. pl. ofgiefan.geafu=giefugēaglI.mn.jaws, throat, gullet,Lcd.II.=gālgēaglisc(ǣ, ē)light, wanton, BH 40013.gēaglswilem.swelling of the jaws,Lcd.geagn-= gegn-gēahl=gēaglgēahð=gēaðgealpret. 3 sg. ofgiellan.gealādlf.gall-disease, jaundice,Lcd40b.gēalāgē(gēa lā gēa, AS)yea, amen, RHy.gealdpret. 3 sg. ofgieldan.geald-= gald-gealgsad, gloomy, rebellious.Entry supplied from first edition.gealga(a) m. ‘gallows,’cross,B, Jul, WW; CP.gealgian=geealgiangealgmōd†sad, gloomy, angry.gealgtrēow(a) n. ‘gallows-tree,’gallows, cross,B, DR.gealh==gealggēalhswile=gēaglswilegealla(a, e) m.I.‘gall,’bile,Mt, VPs, WW; Æ, CP.II.a galled place on the skin,Lcd. [‘gall’] (I. and II. possibly the same word.)geallādlf. ‘melancholia,’ v. OEG 7223.gealled‘galled’ (of horses),Lcd.geallig‘acris, tristis,’HGl456.gealppret. 3 sg. ofgielpan.gealpettan(a)to boast, NC 291.gealpettung(æ) f.boastfulness, NC 291.gēamrung(VPs) =gēomrunggēamung=gēmunggēan=gēngēana=gēna

fyrdhwæt†warlike, brave.

fyrdian(ie)to go on an expedition,Chr.

fyrdlāff.remnant of an army, ÆL 25377.

fyrdlēas(ie)without an army,Chr894a.

fyrdlēoð† n.war-song.

fyrdlicmartial, Æ.

fyrdmannm.warrior,Bo.

fyrdnoð(e) m.liability to military service, BC 3·717.

fȳrdracam.fire-spewing dragon,B2689. [‘firedrake’]

fyrdrianwv.to serve in the army, go on active service, ÆL 2811.

fyrdrinc† (e) m.warrior, soldier.

fyrdsceorpn.armour,Rd1513.

fyrdscipn.battle-ship, LL.

fyrdsearu†n.accoutrements.

fyrdsōcnf.military service, Ct.

fyrdstemnm.body of soldiers who serve for a fixed term, army-corps,Chr921.

fyrdtībern.military sacrifice? (Swt), WW 41822; A 15·187.

fyrdtrumam.martial band, army, ÆH 1·44234.

fyrdung(eo, i) f.military expedition, armament,LL; Æ:camp:fine for evading military service, LL. [‘ferding’]

fyrdwǣn(i) m.military carriage? EC 25022.

fyrdweardf.military watch, LL 444[1].

fyrdwerodn.host, army, WW 39930.

fyrdwīcn.camp, Æ.

fyrdwīsam.chieftain,Cra77.

fyrdwīsef.military style,Nar928.

fyrdwīten.fine for evading military service.

fyrdwyrðedistinguished in war, B 1316.

-fyredev.twi-,ðri-f.

fyren==firen

fȳrenI.of fire, fiery, AO, CP:on fire, burning, flaming.

II.fire,CPs.

fȳrenfulfiery,LPs, W.

fyrengāt(WW 42311) =firgengāt

fȳrentācenn.fiery sign, MFH 13112.

fȳrentācnian‘compellere’ (?) RHy 621.

fȳrenðecelef.firebrand, BH 47615.

fyres=fyrs

fyrest=fyrst,fyrmestsuperl. adj.

fyrewyt=fyrwit

fȳrfeaxenfiery-haired, WW.

fȳrfōda(ī) m.fuel, twigs for burning, OEG 788.

fȳrgearwungafp.materials for a fire, WW 4019.

fȳrgebeorhn.firescreen?protection from fire? LL 455[17].

fȳrgebræcn.crackling of fire,Gen2560.

fyrgen==firgen

fȳrgnāstm.spark of fire,An1548. [ON.gneisti]

fyrhv.furh.

fȳrhāthot as fire, burning, ardent,El. [‘firehot’]

fȳrheardhardened by fire, B 305.

±fyrhtI.afraid, timid. [forht]

II.=freht

fyrht-an, -ian (fryht-, N)to fear, tremble,DR: (±)frighten, terrify,BH. [‘fright,’ vb.]

fyrhtnesf.fear, AO.

fyrhto, fyrhtu (fryht-, N) f. ‘fright,’fear, dread, trembling,Ps, VHy; Æ, AO, CP:horrible sight. [forht]

fyrhð==ferhð

±fyrhðen., fyr(h)ð f.wooded country?Ct. [‘frith’]

fȳrhūsn. ‘caminatum,’house with a fireplace in it?WW. [‘firehouse’]

fȳrhwēolodv.fēowerhwēolod.

fyrian(B 378) =ferian

fȳrianI.to supply with firing,LL. [‘fire’ vb.]

II.(±)to cut a furrow. [furh]

fyrlenI.(eo, e)far off, distant, remote, Æ.

II.n.distance, Æ.

fȳrlēohtn.gleam of fire, B 1516. [‘firelight’]

fȳrlēomam.gleam of fire,Sat128.

fȳrlīce=fǣrlīce

fȳrlocam.fiery prison,Sat58.

fyrm=feorm

fȳrmǣlm.mark burnt in by fire,An1136.

fyrmest(o) superl. offormaI.‘foremost,’first,Æ, CP, Lcd:most prominent, chief, best,El, Mt.

II.adv.first of all, in the first place, at first, most, especially, very well, best.

fyrmðf.harbouring, entertainment, LL:cleansing, washing. [feorm]

fyrnI.(i) adj.former, ancient,Rd.

II.adv. (±)formerly, of old, long ago, once, ÆL. [‘fern’]

±fyrndagasmp.days of yore, ÆL. frðd fyrndagumold, aged.

fyrnful=firenful

fyrngēar† np.former years,Gn, Ps. [‘fernyear’]

fyrngēara† adv.formerly, of old.

fyrn-geflit† n. nap. -geflituformer quarrel, old strife.

fyrngeflitam.old-standing enemy,Pa34.

fyrngemyndn.ancient history,El327.

fyrngesceapn.ancient decree,Ph360.

fyrngesetu‡ np.former seat, habitation.

fyrngestrēonn.ancient treasure,Sol32.

fyrngeweorc† n.former, ancient work.

fyrngewinnn.primeval struggle, B 1689.

fyrngewrit† n.old writings, scripture.

fyrngewyrhtn.former work, fate,Gu944.

fyrngiddn.ancient prophecy,El542.

fyrnian=firenian

fyrnlicformer, of times past, Æ.

fyrnmannm.man of old times, B 2761.

+fyrnnesf.antiquity, NC 294.

fyrnsægenf.old saying, ancient tradition,An1491.

fyrnsceaðam.devil,An1348.

fyrnstrēamas† mp.ocean.

fyrnsynnf.sin of old times,Jul347.

fyrnum=firenum

fyrnweorc† n.work of old, creation.

fyrnwita(eo2) † m.sage, counsellor.

fȳr-panne, -ponne f. ‘fire-pan,’brazier,Bl, MH, WW.

fyrrv.feorr.

fȳrrace(fērrece) f.fire-rake, WW 2736.

fyrran=feorran

fyrsI.m. ‘furze,’gorse, bramble,Bo, WW.

II.n. =fers

fȳrscoflf. ‘fire-shovel,’WW35816.

fyrsian=feorsian

fȳrsmeortendev.smeortan.

fyrsn=fiersn

fȳrspearcam.fire-spark.

fyrstI.‘first,’Chr, Ex:foremost, principal,chief,LL.

II.adv.in the first place, firstly, at first, originally,Ct.

III.(Æ) = first I. and II.

+fyrstn.frost, LL 454[11].

fyrst-= forst-, first-

fȳrstānm. ‘firestone,’stone used for striking fire, flint,WW.

fȳrsweartblack with smoke,Cr984.

fȳrtangf.‘(fire-)tongs,’ A 9·263.

fȳrtorrm.beacon, lighthouse, WW.

fȳrðling=fēorðling

fȳrðollef?furnace, stage on which martyrs were burned, OEG.

±fyrðran(Gl, AO), fyrðian (Bo; Æ)to‘further,’urge on, advance, promote, benefit.

fyrðringnesf., fyrðrung (Lcd; W) f.furtherance, promotion. [‘furthering’]

fyrwet=fyrwit

fyrwetfulcurious, anxious.

fyrwetgeorncurious, anxious, inquisitive. adv. -līce (GD 17428).

fyrwetgeornesf.curiosity,Bl6922.

fyrwitI.n.curiosity, yearning, Æ.

II.adj.curious, inquisitive.

fyrwitnesf.curiosity, Æ.

fȳrwylmm.wave of fire, B 2672.

±fȳsanto send forth, impel, stimulate:drive away, put to flight, banish: (usu. reflex.)hasten, prepare oneself,An, Gen. [‘fuse’]

fȳsian(ē)to drive away,LL, W. [‘feeze’]

fȳst(ē) f. ‘fist,’Æ, OET; CP.

fȳstgebēatn.blow with the fist, CP 315.

+fȳstlianto strike with the fist,Sc714.

fȳstslægenstruck with the fist, WW 39633.

fyðer-= fiðer-, fēower-

fyðera, fyðeras, fyð(e)ru, nap. of fiðere.

fyx=fisc

fyxe(OET) f.she-fox, vixen.

fyxen(i)I.f.she-fox, vixen.

II.adj.of a fox.

fyxenhȳd(i) f.she-fox’s skin.

gāimperat. and pres. 1 sg. ind. ofgān.

gab-(Gl) =gaf

gabote(u2) f.side-dish,EGl. [L.gabata]

gādI.† n.lack, want, need, desire. [Goth.gaidw]

II.f. ‘goad,’point, arrow-head, spear-head,Cp, Sol.

±gadam.comrade, companion, ÆL. [Ger.gatte]

gaderian(Æ) =gadrian

±gaderscipe(æ) m.matrimony, OEG.

gadertangcontinuous, united.

gadertangnes(æ) f.continuation.

±gaderung(æ) f.gathering together: ‘gathering,’Lcd:union, BH:assembly,A, Jn.

+gaderwyrhtannp.assembled workmen, ÆL 6·186.

gād-īren(LL 455, 15), -īsen n.goad.

gador=geador

±gadori(ge)an=gadrian

±gadorwistf.companionship, WW.

±gadrian(æ)to‘gather,’unite: (+) (refl.)assemble,Chr:collect, store up,An, G, Ps; Æ, CP:pluck(flowers, etc.):compile: (+)associate(with): (+)concentrate(thoughts),Bo. [geador]

gǣ=gēa

gǣc=gēac

gædn.society, fellowship,Sol449.

gǣd=gād I.

gædeling† m.kinsman, fellow, companion in arms, comrade,B, Da. [‘gadling’]

gæder-= gader-

gædr-= gadr-

gæf= geaf pret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.

gæfe=giefu

gæfelI.=geafl I.

II.(MtL) =gafol

gǣfon= gēafon pret. pl. ofgiefan.

-gǣganv.for-,ofer-g.

gæglbǣrnes=gagolbǣrnes

gǣlanto hinder, impede, keep in suspense, CP: (intr.)linger, delay. [gāl]

gæleðpres. 3 sg. ofgalan.

gǣlingf.delay, CP 391.

gǣlnes=gālnes

gǣlsa(ē) m., gǣls? (OEG 611) f.pride, wantonness, luxury, Æ, W: (worldly)care, MtL 1322:a greedy person. [gāl]

gǣlslic‘luxuriosus,’ NC 291.

gælðpres. 3 sg. ofgalan.

gæmnian=gamenian

gǣn-= gēan-

-gǣnanv.tō-g.

+gænge=+genge

gǣp=gēap

gær-= gear-, græ-

gǣr==gēar

gǣredwedge-shaped, BC 3·251´. [gār]

-gǣredev.twi-,ðri-g.

gærs(græs) n. ‘grass,’blade(of grass),herb, young corn, hay, plant,An, Cp, CP; Æ.

gærsama=gærsuma

gærsbeddn. (grass-bed),grave,PPs10215.

gærscīðm.blade of grass, AO 3811.

gærsgrēnegrass-green, WW 19924.

gærs-hoppam., -hoppe (e1) f. ‘grasshopper,’locust,MtR(græs-),Ps, VPs(e).

gærsstapa=gærstapa

gærsswȳnn.pasturage-swine, LL 445[2].

gærstapam.grasshopper, locust, Æ, AO.

gærstūnm.grass-enclosure, meadow,LL. [‘garston’]

gærstūndīcm.meadow-dike, Ct.

gærsummn., gærsuma f.jewel, costly gift, treasure, riches,Chr. [‘gersum’]

gærswyrtf. ‘herba,’grass,APs362.

gærsyrðf.pasturage in return for ploughing, labour, LL 447, 4, lc. [‘grassearth’]

gǣsne(ē, ēa) w. g. or on.deprived of, wanting, destitute, barren, sterile,An, Cr:dead. [‘geason’]

gæst(a, e, i, ie, y) m. (nap. gastas)stranger,MtL(e),Rd: ‘guest,’B, Gen(ie); RB (y): (†)enemy.

gǣstI.m. ==gāst

II.pres. 2 sg. ofgān.

gæstærn(e1, y1, e2) n.guest-chamber:inn.

gǣstanto frighten,Jul17. [‘gast’]

gæsthofn.guest-house,Cr821.

gæsthūs(ie) n. ‘guest-house,’guest-chamber, inn,Mk. [Ger.gasthaus]

gæstlic†hospitable:inhospitable, dreary?Wa73.

gæstlīðe(i1)hospitable.

gæstlīðnesf.hospitality:shelter, home, ANS 122·248.

gæstmægen(i1) n.band of guests?Gen2494.

gæstsele(e, y) † m.guest-hall.

gǣsð=gāst

gæt=geat

gǣtnap. ofgāt.

gǣtan=gēatan

gǣtenof or belonging to a goat.

gǣðpres. 3 sg. ofgān.

gaf= geaf pret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.

gafel=gafol

gafelianto rent(land),Ct. [‘gavel’]

gafellic(WW 40321) =gafollic

gafelro(n)d(WW 20433) =gafolrand

gafelucm.spear, javelin,OEG, WW; ÆL. [‘gavelock’]

gaffetungf.scoffing, mocking, Æ.

gafol(æ, ea1; e, u2)I.n. gs. gaflestribute, tax, duty,AO, Gl, MtL(æ):interest, profit, rent,Gl(æ),Mt; Æ. [giefan]

II.f.fork, OET 463 (v. A 36·60).[‘gavel’]

gafolbærem.barley paid as rent, TC 1452.

gafolgerēfa(æ1, e2) m.taxgatherer, MtR.

gafolgielda(AO) (i3, y3) m.tributary, tenant, debtor.

gafolgyldn. ‘fiscus,’revenue? GPH 395.

gafolgylderem.tributary, Æ.

gafolheordf.taxable swarm(of bees), LL 448[5].

gafolhwītelm.tribute-blanket, a legal tender instead of coin for the rent of a hide of land, LL 108[44,1].

gafollandn.leased land, land let for rent or services, LL 126[2].

gafollicfiscal, OEG 620.

gafolmǣdf.meadow which was mown as part of the rent, TC 1453.

gafolmanung(ea1, o3) f.place of tribute or custom, MkR 214.

gafolpenigm.tribute-penny, LL 446.

gafolrǣdenf.tribute, rent, LL.

gafolrandm.compasses. [gafol II.+rind? A 36·59]

gafolswānm.swine-herd who paid rent in kind for permission to depasture his stock, LL 448[6].

gafoltīningf.fencing-wood given as part of the rent, TC 1458.

gafolwydum.firewood supplied as part of the rent, TC 1456.

gafolyrðf.land subject to tribute, rented land, LL 447.

±gafsprǣcf.foolish speech, scurrility, ÆL.

gaful=gafol

gagātes, gagātstān (WW 1485) m.agate, jet,BH. [‘gagate’]

gagelm? ‘gale,’bog-myrtle,Lcd; Mdf.

gagelcroppanmpl.tufts of gale,Lcd33a.

gagelle, gagolle f. =gagel

gagol= (1)gāl; (2)gagel

gagolbǣrnes(gægl-) f.wantonness, CP.

gagulswillanto gargle,Gl.

gālI.n.lust, luxury, wantonness, folly, levity.

II.adj.gay, light, wanton,Bo, BH:proud, wicked. [‘gole’]

±galan6to sing, call, cry, scream,B, Met:sing charms, practice incantation. [‘gale’]

galder-= galdor-

galdor(ea) n.magic song, incantation, spell, enchantment, Æ.

galdorcræftm.occult art, incantation, magic.

galdorcræftigam.wizard, LL 38[30].

galdorcwidem.incantation,Rd497.

galdorgalendusing enchantments, WW.

galdorgalerem.wizard, WW 34615.

galdorlēoðn.incantation.

galdorsangm.incantation, W 25310.

galdorwordn.magic word,Rim24.

galdrem.wizard, magician.

galdriggef.enchantress,Gl.

galdrunap. ofgaldor.

galendm.enchanter,VPs.

galerem.wizard, snake-charmer, WW.

gālferhðwanton, licentious,Jud62.

gālfrēolsm.revel, ‘lupercalia,’ OEG.

gālfulwanton, lustful, luxurious. adv. -līce.

galg-= gealg-

gālianto be wanton,Sc8710.

GalilēiscGalilean.

galla(VPs; DR) =gealla

gallac=galloc

Galleas, Gallias mp.Gauls, Franks, French.

galled=gealled

gālliclustful,BH, Bo; Æ. [‘golelich’]

Gallie=Galleas

GalliscGaulish, French.

galloc(u2) m.comfrey, gall-apple.

gālmōdwanton, licentious,Jud256.

gālnesf.frivolity, wantonness, lust,Sc; Æ. [‘goleness’]

gālscipem.excess, luxury, lasciviousness, wantonness,Æ:pride. [‘goleship’]

gālserem.licentious person, W 726.

gālsmǣrefrivolous, facetious, jocose, RB 308. [v. ‘smere’]

galungf.incantation, OEG 4940. [galan]

Galwalasmp.Gauls, Frenchmen:France.

gambe(o) † f.tribute.

gamel==gamol

gamelic=gamenlic

gamen(o) n.sport, joy, mirth, pastime, ‘game,’amusement,B,Bo; Æ, CP.

gamenianto pun, play, joke,Æ, Sc. [‘game’]

gamenlicbelonging to games, theatrical, OEG. adv. -līceartfully,Æ. [‘gamely’]

gamenungf.jesting, pastime.

gamenwāðu(o1) f.merry journey, B 854.

gamenwudu(o1) † m.mirthful wood, harp.

gamnian=gamenian

gamol†old, aged, hoary, ancient. [ge-, mǣl]

gamolfeax†grey-haired.

gamolferhðold, aged,Gen2867.

gānpret. 3 sg. ofgīnan.

±gānpret. 3 sg. ēode, anv.to‘go’ (‘i-go’),move, proceed, advance, traverse, walk,Æ, BH, G; CP:happen, turn out, take place,Lk: (+)gain, conquer, occupy, overrun, AO: (+)observe, practice, exercise, effect.

gandram.gander,ÆGr; Ct.

ganet=ganot

gangI.(e, eo, o, u) m.going, journey, progress, track, footprint,B, Lcd, RB; Æ:flow, stream, way, passage, course, path, bed,AO, Bl:drain, privy,Æ: (in pl.)platform, stage, GPH 394. [‘gang,’ ‘gong’]

II.imperat. and pret. sg. ofgangan.

+gangn.occurrence, WW 3949;passage(lapse)of time, GD 17910.

gangan7(B, Bl) pret. geng (eo, a) =gān

gangdægm.one of the three processional days before Ascension day, Rogation day,Chr. [‘gangdays’]

gangehere=ganghere

gangelwæfre=gangewæfre

gangernn.privy, WW 18415. [ærn]

gangewifre(eo1, o1; æ2; æ3) f. (a weaver as he goes),spider.

ganggeteldn.portable tent, WW 1873.

gangherem.army of foot-soldiers, AO 15424.

gang-pyttm., -setl n., -stōl m., -tūn m. (Æ)privy.

gangwegm.thoroughfare,WW. [‘gangway’]

gangwucef.Rogation week, the week of holy Thursday,Mk. [‘gangweek’]

gānianto yawn, gape, open,Ps;Gl. [‘gane’]

ganotm. ‘gannet,’sea-bird, water-fowl,B, Chr. ganotes bæðthe sea.

ganra=gandra

gānungf.yawning, WW 16237.

-gapianv.ofer-g.

gār†I.m. ‘spear,’dart, javelin,B, PPs. [‘gare’]

II.tempest?Gen316.

III.=gāra(Mdf).

gāram.corner, point of land, cape, promontory,AO. [gār; ‘gore’]

gārbēamm.spear-shaft,Ex246.

gārberend† m.warrior.

gārcēnebold in fight, B 1958.

gārclifef.agrimony,Lcd.

gārcwealmm.death by the spear, B 2043.

gare=gearo

gārfaru† f.warlike expedition.

gārgetrumarmed company,Cr673.

gārgewinn† n.fight with spears, battle.

gārhēapm.band of warriors,Ex321.

gārholtn.shafted spear, B 1835.

gārlēacn. ‘garlic,’Lcd; Æ.

gārmittingf.battle, †Chr937.

gārnīðm.conflict, war,GnE128.

gārrǣsm.battle,Ma32.

gārsecgm.ocean, sea, AO.

gārtornm.fighting rage,Sol145.

gār-ðracuf. ds. -ðræcebattle,El1186.

gārðrīst†bold, daring.

garuwe=gearwe

gār-wiga†, -wīgend ‡ m.spearman, warrior.

gārwudum.spear-shaft, lance,Ex325.

gāsrīcm.savage person?Rune Casket.

gast==gæst

gāst(ǣ) m.breath,Ps, VPs:soul, spirit, life,Gen, Ex, Mt; CP:good or bad spirit, angel, demon, Æ;BH, Mt:Holy Ghost,A, Jn, VPs:man, human being,Gu. [‘ghost’]

gāstanto meditate? AS 31.

gāstberend(æ) † m.living soul, man.

gāstbonam.soul-slayer, the Devil, B 177.

gāstbrūcendepractising in the spirit, Æ.

gāstcofam.breast,Leas13.

gāstcund(ǣ)spiritual,Gu743.

gāstcwalu(ǣ) f.torment, pains of hell,Gu651.

gāstcyningm.soul’s king, God,Gen2883.

gāstedom(ǣ)spirituality, MFH 112.

gāstgedāl† n.death.

gāstgehygd† n.thought.

gāstgemynd(ǣ) n.thought,Gu574.

gāstgenīðla(ǣ) m.devil,Jul245.

gāstgerȳne† n.spiritual mystery:thought, consideration.

gāstgewinn(ǣ) ‡ n.soul-torment, pains of hell.

gāstgifuf.special gift of the Holy Spirit(e.g. gift of tongues), WW 2008.

gāsthālig†holy in spirit, holy.

gāstlēaslifeless, dead,El. [‘ghostless’]

gāstlicspiritual, holy,A, Æ; CP:clerical(not lay),BH; CP, Æ:ghastly, spectral,Nic. adv. -līcespiritually, Æ. [‘ghostly’]

gāstlufu(ǣ) † f.spiritual love.

gāstsunu† m.spiritual son. Godes g.Christ.

gat=geat

gātf. gs. gǣte, gāte, nap. gǣt, gētshe-‘goat,’Cr, Ep, Lcd, Rd.

gātahierde=gāthyrde

gātahūsn.goat-house, WW 1858.

gātbuccam.he-goat,WW. [‘goat-buck’]

gātehǣrn.goat’s hair, Æ.

gātetrēown.cornel tree?Lcd32b.

gāthyrde(io) m. ‘goat-herd,’LL.

gatuv.geat.

gāðpres. pl. ofgān.

geconj.and, also. ge...geboth...and, not only...but also;whether...or. ǣg(hwæ)ðer ge...geboth...and;either...or.

ge-prefix (indicated by the sign + in this Dict.), original meaningtogether; but it has usually lost all collective or intensitive force.

gēI.(īe) pron. 2 pers. pl., dp. ēow. ap. ēow(ic) ‘ye,’you.

II.=gēa

gēaadv. ‘yea,’yes, BH.

geabul=gafol

gēacm.cuckoo. [v. ‘gowk,’ ‘yeke’]

gēacessūref.wood-sorrel,Gl.

geadorunitedly, together.

geadrungf.text, MtL p817.

geaduling=gædeling

geafpret. 3 sg. ofgiefan.

geaf-= gif-

geafl= (1)gafol; (2)ceafl

geafol==gafol

gēafonpret. pl. ofgiefan.

geafu=giefu

gēaglI.mn.jaws, throat, gullet,Lcd.

II.=gāl

gēaglisc(ǣ, ē)light, wanton, BH 40013.

gēaglswilem.swelling of the jaws,Lcd.

geagn-= gegn-

gēahl=gēagl

gēahð=gēað

gealpret. 3 sg. ofgiellan.

gealādlf.gall-disease, jaundice,Lcd40b.

gēalāgē(gēa lā gēa, AS)yea, amen, RHy.

gealdpret. 3 sg. ofgieldan.

geald-= gald-

gealgsad, gloomy, rebellious.

Entry supplied from first edition.

gealga(a) m. ‘gallows,’cross,B, Jul, WW; CP.

gealgian=geealgian

gealgmōd†sad, gloomy, angry.

gealgtrēow(a) n. ‘gallows-tree,’gallows, cross,B, DR.

gealh==gealg

gēalhswile=gēaglswile

gealla(a, e) m.I.‘gall,’bile,Mt, VPs, WW; Æ, CP.

II.a galled place on the skin,Lcd. [‘gall’] (I. and II. possibly the same word.)

geallādlf. ‘melancholia,’ v. OEG 7223.

gealled‘galled’ (of horses),Lcd.

geallig‘acris, tristis,’HGl456.

gealppret. 3 sg. ofgielpan.

gealpettan(a)to boast, NC 291.

gealpettung(æ) f.boastfulness, NC 291.

gēamrung(VPs) =gēomrung

gēamung=gēmung

gēan=gēn

gēana=gēna


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