græfhūsn.grave,Sat708.græfsexn.graving tool, WW. [seax]græftmfn.graven image, carved object, sculpture, Æ.græftgeweorcn.graven image.græfðpres. 3 sg. ofgrafan.grǣg‘grey,’Æ, Ep, Gen, Met, WW.grǣggōsf.grey(wild)goose,Gl.grǣghǣwegrey, WW 40240.grǣghamagrey-coated(of spear?or wolf?),Fin6.grǣgmǣlgrey-coloured, B 2682.grǣgōs=grǣggōsgræm-= grem-græn-= gren-grǣp=grēp+græppianto seize, MtL 1431.græsn. (nap. grasu) ‘grass,’An, Cp, CP.græsgrēne‘grass-green,’Ep(e1, oe2).græshoppam.grass-hopper, locust.græsmoldef.greensward, B 1881.græswang† m.greensward.grǣtI.= pres. 3 sg. of (1)grǣdan, (2)grētan.II.=grēatgrǣtan=grētangraf==græfgrāfnm. ‘grove,’BC; Mdf.-grāfav.ellen-g.grafan6to dig, dig up,Met, Rd, Rim: ‘grave,’engrave, carve, chisel,PPs.grafetn.trench, EC 354; 355.gram(o) adj.angry, cruel, fierce, AO:oppressive, hostile: (as sb.)enemy. [‘grame’]gramam.rage, anger,Æ:trouble,Lcd. [‘grame’]gramatisccræft=grammaticcræftgrambǣrepassionate, CP 2895.grameadv.angrily, fiercely, cruelly.gramfǣrnesf.wrath, LL (= *grambærnes).gramhegdig=gramhȳdiggramheort†hostile-minded.gramhycgendehostile,PPs6825.gramhȳdig†hostile, malignant.gramianto anger, enrage, W 1992. gramigenderaging, GPH 402.gramlicwrathful, fierce, cruel, severe,Æ. adv. -līce,Ps. [‘gramely’]grammaticcræftm.art of grammar, BH 25815.grammaticerem.grammarian, A 8·327.grammōdcruel,Bl22333.gramwordn.evil speech,PPs745.grandpret. 3 sg. ofgrindan.grandorlēas(o)guileless,Jul271.grānian2to‘groan,’lament,Bl, Ps.granuf.moustache, Cp 335m. [Ger.granne]grānungf. ‘groaning,’lamentation,Æ.grāpI.f.grasp, grip. [grīpan]II.pret. 3 sg. ofgrīpan.±grāpianto feel for, lay hold of, seize, touch,Æ, B, Bl, Rd, VPs. [‘grope’]grāpigendlictangible, ÆH 1·230.grāpungf.sense of feeling, touch,Æ. [‘groping’]grāscinnenmade of grey skins or grey fur,Chr1075d. [ON.grāskinn]grasianto‘graze,’Lcd.grasuv.græs.grātansbpl.groats,Lcd3·29224.graðulgradual, antiphon.grēadam.lap, bosom,CP, Lk. [‘greade’]grēat(æ) comp. grīetra ‘great,’tall, large, thick, massive,A, Æ, Bo, Chr, WW:coarse,BC, Lcd.grēatewyrtf.meadow saffron, WW 2987.grēatian2to become enlarged,CP. [‘great’]grēatnes(ē) f. ‘greatness,’RB8815.GrēciscGreek, Grecian, Æ.grēd==grǣdgrēf-= grǣf-grēg-=grǣggrem-= grim-±gremian(AO, Mk), gremmanto enrage, provoke, irritate, Æ, CP:revile. [‘greme’]gremung(æ) f.provocation,LPs949.grēne‘green,’Cp, Ct, Lcd:young, immature,Lcd:growing, living, LkL (oe): as sb.,Lcd.grēnhǣwengreen-coloured, WW 37924.grēnianto become‘green,’flourish,Met.grēnnesf.greenness,BH; CP: (in pl.)green things, plants, A 8·310.grennianto‘grin,’gnash the teeth,Jul, Sc; Æ.grennung(æ) f.grinning, Cp 174r.grēofam.pot, pan, WW. [Ger.griebe]grēop=grēpgrēosn(īo)gravel, pebble,KGl763. [Ger.greiss]grēotn. ‘grit,’sand, earth,An, B, Gen; Æ.grēotan2to cry, weep, lament,B, Sol. [v. ‘greet’]grēothordn.body,Gu1240.grēowpret. 3 sg. ofgrōwan.grēp, grēpe f.land-drain, ditch, furrow:burrow:privy, OEG (ȳ).gres-= græs-grēt-= grēat-grētanI.(±)to‘greet,’salute, accost, speak to, challenge,Æ, B, Mk, Jul: (±)to seek out, approach, visit,B; W:ill-treat, attack,AO:touch, take hold of, handle, deal with,ÆGr. hearpan grētanplay the harp:cohabit with.II.† (ǣ)to weep, bemoan, lament, deplore,Cr. [v. ‘greet’]grētingf. ‘greeting,’salutation,BH, LkL(oe):present.grētinghūsn.audience chamber, WW 1843.grētingwordn.word of greeting,ÆGr20914.gretta=gryttagreðe‘sodalis’? OEG 292.grēwðpres. 3 sg. ofgrōwan.griellan(i)to irritate, provoke, offend,CP:gnash the teeth at, creak. [‘grill’]grīetrav.grēat.grīghundm. ‘greyhound,’WW2763.grillan=griellangrim(CP) =grimmgrīma† m.mask, helmet:ghost.grimena‘bruchus’,caterpillar?EPs10434.grimet-= grymet-grimfulfierce, violent, ES 39·348.grīmhelm† m.helmet(with visor).grīmingspectre, WW 44626.grimlicfierce, blood-thirsty, cruel, severe, terrible, Æ, AO. adv. -līce. [‘grimly’]grimmfierce, savage,B, Bl:dire, severe, bitter, painful,BH;Bl. [‘grim’]grimman3†to rage:hasten on, B 306.grimmānn.terrible sin, BH508b.grīmmesavagely, cruelly, severely,AO, Gen. [‘grim’]grimnesf.ferocity, cruelty,Bl, Gu, WW. [‘grimness’]grimsianto rage, BH.grimsungf.harshness, severity, CP 12514.grin‘ilium,’region of the groin, LL.±grīn(ī, ȳ; also short?) nf.snare, gin, trap,PPs, VPs; Æ, CP:halter, noose,Mt(y). [‘grin’]+grīnanto ensnare.+grind† n.impact, crash.±grindan3(y)to rub together, grate, scrape,Rd:gnash,Ps: ‘grind,’sharpen,Æ, Mt.grindef.shingle, BC (v. Mdf).grindelm. nap. grindlasbar, bolt. pl.grating, hurdle.grinderem.miller,Lcd3·1781.grindetōðm.grinding tooth, molar, WW 44026.gring==cringgrīnianto ensnare,KGl. [‘grin’]grintpres. 3 sg. ofgrindan.grīosn=grēosngripam.handful, sheaf.±grīpan1intr. (w. d. g. or tō)to seek to get hold of,B, Bl, Gen: tr. (w. g.)seize, take, apprehend,Sol, WW. [‘gripe’]gripem.grasp, seizure, attack,B, WW; Æ. gūðbilla g.shield:handful,Lcd, Ps.grīpendm.seizer, robber, WW 51613.+gripenes, gripnes f.seizing, snare, captivity,EPs348.gripu† f.kettle, caldron.grīpul‘capax’, WW 19839. [‘gripple’]-grīsan(ȳ) v.ā-g.grislic‘grisly,’horrible,HL15182(very late).gristn.action of grinding,WW: ‘grist.’ [grindan]gristbat-= gristbit-gristbitem.gnashing, W 1885.gristbitianto gnash the teeth,BH, Mk, WW; Æ.[‘gristbite’]gristbitungf.gnashing of teeth,Bl, Mt. [‘gristbiting’]gristianto gnash, grind,Gl.gristlef. ‘gristle’,Gl, WW.gristlung(y) f.gnashing.gristram.baker, WW.gritta=gryttagriðn.truce, (temporary)peace,Ma:protection of the person, asylum, sanctuary, guarantee of safety. [‘grith’]griðbrycem.breach of‘grið,’LL:penalty for such a breach,LL. [‘grithbreach’]±griðianto make a truce or peace,Chr:protect, LL.griðlaguf.law of temporary or local peace, LL 470[9].griðlēasunprotected, W 1587.groe-= grē-grōfpret. 3 sg. ofgrafan.grom=gramgron-= gran-grondpret. 3 sg. ofgrindan.gronwisc‘acus’, Cp 160a(v. AB 9·35).grōpian=grāpian-grorenv.be-g.grorn†I.m.sorrow, sadness.II.adj.sad, agitated. adv. -e.grornhofn.sad home, hell,Jul324.grornianto mourn, complain.grorntornsadness,Rim66?grornungf.complaint, NG.grotI.n.particle,Bo; AO. [‘grot’]II.n.groats, coarse meal,Gl. [grēot]grotigearthy, GPH 396.±grōwan7to‘grow,’increase,Bo, Cp, Rd, WW:germinate,KGl, Mk.grōwende‘growing,’Gen, KGl.grōwnesf.growth, BH.grummonpret. pl. ofgrimman.grundm. ‘ground,’bottom,B, Gen, Sol, VPs:foundation,LkL:abyss, hell:plain, country land, earth,An, B, Bl, Wid:sea, water.grundbeddn.ground, soil,Rd8124.grundbūend† m.earth-dweller.grundenpp. ofgrindan.grundeswelge(i3, u3, v3) f. ‘groundsel,’Lcd.grundfūshastening to hell,Mod49.grundhyrdem.keeper of the abyss, B 2136.grundinga=grundlungagrundlēasbottomless, unfathomable,Bo:boundless, vast. [‘groundless’]grundlēaslicboundless, vast, CP 41710.grundlingm.groundling(fish), BC 3·525 (Mdf).grundlunga(i2) adv.from the foundation, completely, Æ:to the ground, prone, prostrate, Æ.grundonpret. pl. ofgrindan.grundscēat† m.region.grundsele† m.abysmal dwelling.grundstānm.foundation-stone,WW. [‘groundstone’]+grundstaðelianto establish firmly, ÆL 821.grundwægm.earth,An582.grundwang† m. (ground-plain),the earth:bottom(of a lake).grundweallm.foundation,Æ, Lk. [‘groundwall’]+grundweallianto establish, found,EPs232.grundwelam.earthly riches,Gen957.grundwyrgenf.water-wolf, B 1518.grunian, grunnian (OEG)to grunt.grunnettanto‘grunt,’Cp.grunung, grunnung f.grunting, bellowing, OEG.grutm.gulf, chasm, abyss:stone, rock, OEG 1814.grūtf. (ds. grȳt, grūt)groats, coarse meal,Cp, Ct, Lcd:grains, the spent grain after brewing,Lcd. [‘grout’]grutt, grutte =grutgryllan=griellangrym=grim(m)grymet-tan, -tian (i)to grunt, roar, rage.grymet-ung, -tung f.grunting, roaring, bellowing.grymm=grimmgrymman=gremmangryn=gyrngrȳn=grīn+gryndn.plot of ground, TC 23122.gryndanI.to set, sink(of the sun),WW. [‘grind’; grund]II.=grindangrynde† n.abyss.grynel(WW 2913) =cyrnelgrȳnian=grīniangrynsmiðm.worker of ill,An919.grȳpe(OEG 4290; 4744) =grēpegryre† m.horror, terror:fierceness, violence, DD 8:horrible thing.gryrebrōga† m.terror, horror.gryrefæstterribly firm,El76a.gryrefāh† adj. (used as sb.)spotted horror, B.gryregæst(ǣ?) m.terrible stranger, B 2560.gryregeatwefp.war-gear, B 324.gryrehwīlf.terrible time,An468.gryrelēoð† n.terrible song.gryrelic†terrible, horrible.gryremihtf.terrible power, W 19520.gryresīðm.way of terror, dangerous expedition, B 1462.gryrranto gnash, DD 195.grys-= gris-grȳs-= grīs-grȳtI.pres. 3 sg. ofgrēotan.II.v.grūt.grȳtof.greatness,Nar822. [grēat]grytta, gryttan pl.coarse meal, bran, chaff,Ep, Lcd, WW. [‘grit’]gryttef.sand,Ps.grȳttra(A 4·151) = *grietra cp. ofgrēat. [‘greater’]gryð-= grið-gū==gēoguldonpret. pl. ofgieldan.gullonpret. pl. ofgiellan.gulponpret. pl. ofgielpan.guma† m.man, hero,B. [‘gome’]gumcynn† sn.human race, men, mankind, nation.gumcyst† f.excellence, bravery, virtue, liberality. adv. -umexcellently.gumdrēamm.enjoyment of life, B 2469.gumdryhtenm.lord, B 1642.gumfēðam.troop, B 1401.gumfrēam.king,Da651.-gumianv.ofer-g.gummannm.man, B 1028.gumrīce† n.kingdom, earth.gumrinc† m.man, warrior.gumstōlm.ruler’s seat, throne, B 1952.gumðegenm.man,Cra83.gumðēodf.folk, people,Gen226.gundm.matter, pus,Lcd. [‘gound’]gundeswilge(Ep, Erf, Ln) =grundeswelgegung=geonggung-= ging-gungonpret. pl. ofgangan.gunnon(BH) pret. pl. ofginnan.gupan‘clunibus, renibus, coxe,’ WW 20541(v. A 31·522).gurronpret. pl. ofgyrran.gutonpret. pl. ofgēotan.guttasmp. ‘guts,’entrails,HGl408.gūð† f.combat, battle, war.gūðbeornm.fighting-hero, B 314.gūðbill† n.battle-bill, sword.gūðbord† n.war-shield.gūðbyrne† f.corslet, coat of mail.gūðcearuf.war-trouble, B 1258.gūðcræftm.war-craft, B 127.gūðcwēn† f.warrior queen.gūðcyning† m.warrior king.gūðcystf.troop, warrior band? (Kluge):bravery? (BT),Ex343.gūðdēaðm.death in battle, B 2249.gūðfanam.gonfanon, war-banner, ensign, standard, Æ, AO.gūð-flā? f., -flān? mf.battle-arrow,Gen2063.gūðflogam.winged fighter, B 2528.gūðfona=gūðfanagūðfrēam.warlike prince,An1335.gūðfrec†bold in battle.gūðfreca† m.warrior.gūðfremmend† m.warrior.gūðfugolm.bird of war, eagle,Rd255.gūðgeatwe† fp.armour.gūðgelǣcam.warrior,El43.gūðgemōt† n.battle, combat.gūðgetāwe=gūðgeatwegūðgeðingu† np.battle, contest.gūðgewǣde† n.war-dress, armour.gūðgeweorc† n.warlike deed.gūðgewinn† n.battle.gūðhafocm.war-hawk, eagle, †Chr937a.gūðheardbold in battle,El204.gūðhelmm.helmet, B 2487.gūðhere† m.warlike host, army.gūðhornm.war-horn, trumpet, B 1432.gūðhrēðm.martial glory, B 819.gūðhwætfierce in battle,Ap57.gūðlēoðn.war-song, B 1522.gūð-mæcga, -maga m.warrior,Sol90.gūðmōd†warlike.Gūðmyrcepl.Ethiopians,Ex69.gūðplega† m.attach, battle.gūðrǣs† m.battle-rush, onslaught.gūðrēafn.armour,Jul387.gūðrēowfierce in battle, B 58. [hrēow]gūðrinc† m.warrior, hero.gūðrōf†brave in battle.gūðscearuf.slaughter in battle, B 1213.gūðsceaðam.ravaging invader, B 2318.gūðsceorpn.armour,Jud329.gūðscrūdn.armour,El258.gūðsearo† n.armour.gūðselem.hall of warriors, B 443.gūðspelln.tidings of a war,Gen2097.gūðsweordn.sword, B 2154.gūððracu† f.hostile attack.gūððrēatm.warlike troop,Ex193.gūðweard† m.war-lord, king.gūðweorcn.warlike deed,An1068.gūðwērigwounded, B 1586.gūðwiga† m.warrior.gūðwine† m.battle-friend, weapon.gūðwudum.spear,Fin6.gy-= ge-gyc-= gic-gyd=gid(d)gyden(AO), gydenu f. (occl. gs. gydenan)goddess. [god]gydenlic‘vestalis’ (=dealis? A 31·63), WW 52433.gydig(i)possessed(by a spirit),insane, OEG 5009. [‘giddy’]gyf=gifgyf-= geof-, gief-, gif-gȳf-= gīf-gyhða(Æ) =gicðagyhðu=gehðugyld=gieldgyld-= gild-+gyld=gylden±gyldanI.to gild.II.(AO) =gieldan±gylden‘golden,’B, Dan; Æ, AO, CP.gyldenbēag(gilden-, Æ) m.crown.gyldenfeaxgolden-haired, WW 34835.gyldenhīwegolden-hued, OEG 435.gyldenmūðagolden-mouthed(Chrysostom), GD 9424; ZDA 317.gyldenwecg(gylding-) m.gold mine, WW 24117.gylian, gyllanto yell, shout. gyliende ‘garrulus,’ OEG 56138.gylm=gelmgylp==gielpgylt(e, i, ie) m. ‘guilt,’sin, offence, crime, fault,A, Bl, Chr, Mt; AO, CP.±gyltanto commit sin, be guilty,CP, Mt, RB, VPs. [‘guilt,’ ‘guilting’]gyltendm.sinner, debtor, CP.gyltigoffending, ‘guilty,’Mt.gyltingf.sin, DR.gyltlicsinful, DR.gyltwīten. (gyld-)fine for unpaid tax, KC 514.gylung? ‘garrulitas,’ OEG 56141.gym=gimmgym-= gim-gȳm-= gīem-gymian=gymmiangymm=gimmgymmianto cut the throat, kill, OEG 3799.gyn-= geon-, gin-gyndepret. of *giendanto drive.-gȳpe(= ī?) v.ǣ-g.gypigendyawning, GPH 398.gypungf.gaping, open mouth, GPH.gyrI.m.mud, marsh.II.fir tree, WW 26914.gyr-= geor-, gier-gyra=gyr I.±gyrdan(pret. gyrde),to‘gird’ (sword),Gen, PPs:encircle, surround,JnL: (+)invest with attributes,PPs.gyrdel(e) m. ‘girdle,’belt, zone,Lcd, Mt; Æ:purse.gyrdelbredn. ‘pugillar,’ WW 27713.gyrdelhringn.girdle, buckle, WW 432.gyrdels, gyrder =gyrdelgyrdil-= gyrdel-gyrdwegm.road with a fence on either side(BT), KC 3·41221.gyrdwīten.affliction caused by a rod(used of Moses’ rod),Ex15.gȳren=grīngyrman(LPs378) =cirmangyrn† mn.sorrow, misfortune.gyrnstafasmp.injury, affliction,Jul245.gyrnwracu† f.revenge for injury.gyrran3[= gierran, georran]to sound, chatter, Æ:to creak, grate,An374.gyrretanto roar(of lions),LPs.gyrsandæg(MFH 97) =gierstandæggyrst=gristgyrstandæg(Æ) =gierstandæggyrtrēown.fir tree, WW 13811.gyruf. =gyrgyrwan=gierwiangyrwefennn.marsh,ÆGr6010.gȳse=gēsegȳsel=gīslgyst= (1)gæst, (2)gistgyst-= gæst-, giest-gysternlicdæg=gierstandæggyt=gitpron.gȳtI.pres. 3 sg. ofgēotan.II.=gīetgȳt-= gīet-, gīt-gyte, gytt (NG) m.pouring forth, shedding, Æ:flood, Æ. [gēotan]gytesǣlm. (dp. gytesālum)joy at wine-pouring, carousal,Jud22.gytestrēamm.running stream, WW.gytfeormf.ploughing-feast, LL 452, 21, 4.gȳðcorn(ī) n.spurge laurel?Lcd.gȳðrifef.cockle,Lcd.gȳu=gēoHhis often wrongly prefixed to words, as in Cockney English.hām.oar-thole, rowlock. æt hāfor each oar, or each oarsman,Chr1040c. [Icel.hār]habbananv. ptc. pres. hæbbende; pres. 1 sg. hæbbe, 2. hæfst, 3. hæfð, pl. hæbbað, habbað; pret. 3 sg. hæfde; subj. hæbbe; imperat. hafa; pp. (±) hæf(e)dto‘have,’Bl, G:possess, own, hold,B, Bl, G:keep, retain,Bl, VPs:entertain, cherish:esteem, consider,BH:be subject to, experience,Mk:obtain,Chr, Mt:assert,Lcd: used as auxiliary to indicate past tense,have,Æ, Chr, Ex. h. forconsider: (+)hold, keep from, preserve, retain, CP, Æ. yfle +h.afflict, torment.hacam.hook, door-fastening, Cp 311p. [Ger.hake]-haccianv.tō-h.hacele(æ) f.cloak, coat, vestment, cassock, ‘pallium,’AO, WW; Æ. [‘hackle’]hacod(æ, e) m.pike,WW. [‘haked’;Ger.hecht]hacole, hacule =hacelehādm. (rare gs. hāda)person, individuality,Æ, BH, Mt:degree, rank, order, office(especially holy office),Æ, BH, CP:condition, state, nature, character, form, manner,B, Sol:sex,BH, Chr:race, family, tribe:choir. [‘had’]-hādmasc. suffix; usu. denotes state or condition, as cildhād, mægðhād. [Eng.-hood]+hadam.brother monk, LL.hādbōtf.compensation for injury or insult to a priest,LL. [‘hadbot’]hādbrecam.violator of(holy)orders, LL.hād-bryce, -brice m.violation of(holy)orders, LL.hādelīceadv.as to persons, DHy 296.hādesmannm.member of a particular order,Chr995f.hādgriðn.privilege(as regards peace)of holy orders, LL 471[19].±hādianto ordain, consecrate,BH; Æ. [‘hade’]hādnotuf.office of a priest, LL 458h.hādorI.n.clearness, brightness, B 414 (or ? hador= heaðor).II.† (ǣ)bright, clear, fresh:distinct, loud. [Ger.heiter] adv. hādre.hādswǣpam.bridesman, WW 17435.hādswǣpe(ā) f.bridesmaid, WW.hādungf.consecration, ordination,Chr, LL. [v. ‘hade’]. hādunge underfōnto take the veil.hādungdæg(i2) m.ordination day, ÆL 3359.hæb=hæfhæb-(Gl) = hæf-hæbb-= habb-, hebb-hæbbednesf.continence? A 8·3203.hæbbendlic‘habilis,’ÆGr545.-hæbberev.sulh-h.hæcfm.grating, ‘hatch,’half-gate,Ct.hæc-= hac-+hæccasausage, WW 41120. [hacian]hæcceI.f.crozier.II.gs. ofhæc.hæcwerm.hatch-weir, a weir in which fish were caught, KC 3·450.hǣdor=hādorhædre†straitly, anxiously.hǣdre=hādrehæfI.† n. (heaf-, haf- in obl. cases)sea, ocean. [cp.Ger.haff]II.(OEG) =hæfehǣfd=hēafodhæfdepret. sg. ofhabban.hæfeI.m.leaven. [Ger.hefe]II.=hefehǣfed=hēafod-hæfednesv.be-,for-h.
græfhūsn.grave,Sat708.
græfsexn.graving tool, WW. [seax]
græftmfn.graven image, carved object, sculpture, Æ.
græftgeweorcn.graven image.
græfðpres. 3 sg. ofgrafan.
grǣg‘grey,’Æ, Ep, Gen, Met, WW.
grǣggōsf.grey(wild)goose,Gl.
grǣghǣwegrey, WW 40240.
grǣghamagrey-coated(of spear?or wolf?),Fin6.
grǣgmǣlgrey-coloured, B 2682.
grǣgōs=grǣggōs
græm-= grem-
græn-= gren-
grǣp=grēp
+græppianto seize, MtL 1431.
græsn. (nap. grasu) ‘grass,’An, Cp, CP.
græsgrēne‘grass-green,’Ep(e1, oe2).
græshoppam.grass-hopper, locust.
græsmoldef.greensward, B 1881.
græswang† m.greensward.
grǣtI.= pres. 3 sg. of (1)grǣdan, (2)grētan.
II.=grēat
grǣtan=grētan
graf==græf
grāfnm. ‘grove,’BC; Mdf.
-grāfav.ellen-g.
grafan6to dig, dig up,Met, Rd, Rim: ‘grave,’engrave, carve, chisel,PPs.
grafetn.trench, EC 354; 355.
gram(o) adj.angry, cruel, fierce, AO:oppressive, hostile: (as sb.)enemy. [‘grame’]
gramam.rage, anger,Æ:trouble,Lcd. [‘grame’]
gramatisccræft=grammaticcræft
grambǣrepassionate, CP 2895.
grameadv.angrily, fiercely, cruelly.
gramfǣrnesf.wrath, LL (= *grambærnes).
gramhegdig=gramhȳdig
gramheort†hostile-minded.
gramhycgendehostile,PPs6825.
gramhȳdig†hostile, malignant.
gramianto anger, enrage, W 1992. gramigenderaging, GPH 402.
gramlicwrathful, fierce, cruel, severe,Æ. adv. -līce,Ps. [‘gramely’]
grammaticcræftm.art of grammar, BH 25815.
grammaticerem.grammarian, A 8·327.
grammōdcruel,Bl22333.
gramwordn.evil speech,PPs745.
grandpret. 3 sg. ofgrindan.
grandorlēas(o)guileless,Jul271.
grānian2to‘groan,’lament,Bl, Ps.
granuf.moustache, Cp 335m. [Ger.granne]
grānungf. ‘groaning,’lamentation,Æ.
grāpI.f.grasp, grip. [grīpan]
II.pret. 3 sg. ofgrīpan.
±grāpianto feel for, lay hold of, seize, touch,Æ, B, Bl, Rd, VPs. [‘grope’]
grāpigendlictangible, ÆH 1·230.
grāpungf.sense of feeling, touch,Æ. [‘groping’]
grāscinnenmade of grey skins or grey fur,Chr1075d. [ON.grāskinn]
grasianto‘graze,’Lcd.
grasuv.græs.
grātansbpl.groats,Lcd3·29224.
graðulgradual, antiphon.
grēadam.lap, bosom,CP, Lk. [‘greade’]
grēat(æ) comp. grīetra ‘great,’tall, large, thick, massive,A, Æ, Bo, Chr, WW:coarse,BC, Lcd.
grēatewyrtf.meadow saffron, WW 2987.
grēatian2to become enlarged,CP. [‘great’]
grēatnes(ē) f. ‘greatness,’RB8815.
GrēciscGreek, Grecian, Æ.
grēd==grǣd
grēf-= grǣf-
grēg-=grǣg
grem-= grim-
±gremian(AO, Mk), gremmanto enrage, provoke, irritate, Æ, CP:revile. [‘greme’]
gremung(æ) f.provocation,LPs949.
grēne‘green,’Cp, Ct, Lcd:young, immature,Lcd:growing, living, LkL (oe): as sb.,Lcd.
grēnhǣwengreen-coloured, WW 37924.
grēnianto become‘green,’flourish,Met.
grēnnesf.greenness,BH; CP: (in pl.)green things, plants, A 8·310.
grennianto‘grin,’gnash the teeth,Jul, Sc; Æ.
grennung(æ) f.grinning, Cp 174r.
grēofam.pot, pan, WW. [Ger.griebe]
grēop=grēp
grēosn(īo)gravel, pebble,KGl763. [Ger.greiss]
grēotn. ‘grit,’sand, earth,An, B, Gen; Æ.
grēotan2to cry, weep, lament,B, Sol. [v. ‘greet’]
grēothordn.body,Gu1240.
grēowpret. 3 sg. ofgrōwan.
grēp, grēpe f.land-drain, ditch, furrow:burrow:privy, OEG (ȳ).
gres-= græs-
grēt-= grēat-
grētanI.(±)to‘greet,’salute, accost, speak to, challenge,Æ, B, Mk, Jul: (±)to seek out, approach, visit,B; W:ill-treat, attack,AO:touch, take hold of, handle, deal with,ÆGr. hearpan grētanplay the harp:cohabit with.
II.† (ǣ)to weep, bemoan, lament, deplore,Cr. [v. ‘greet’]
grētingf. ‘greeting,’salutation,BH, LkL(oe):present.
grētinghūsn.audience chamber, WW 1843.
grētingwordn.word of greeting,ÆGr20914.
gretta=grytta
greðe‘sodalis’? OEG 292.
grēwðpres. 3 sg. ofgrōwan.
griellan(i)to irritate, provoke, offend,CP:gnash the teeth at, creak. [‘grill’]
grīetrav.grēat.
grīghundm. ‘greyhound,’WW2763.
grillan=griellan
grim(CP) =grimm
grīma† m.mask, helmet:ghost.
grimena‘bruchus’,caterpillar?EPs10434.
grimet-= grymet-
grimfulfierce, violent, ES 39·348.
grīmhelm† m.helmet(with visor).
grīmingspectre, WW 44626.
grimlicfierce, blood-thirsty, cruel, severe, terrible, Æ, AO. adv. -līce. [‘grimly’]
grimmfierce, savage,B, Bl:dire, severe, bitter, painful,BH;Bl. [‘grim’]
grimman3†to rage:hasten on, B 306.
grimmānn.terrible sin, BH508b.
grīmmesavagely, cruelly, severely,AO, Gen. [‘grim’]
grimnesf.ferocity, cruelty,Bl, Gu, WW. [‘grimness’]
grimsianto rage, BH.
grimsungf.harshness, severity, CP 12514.
grin‘ilium,’region of the groin, LL.
±grīn(ī, ȳ; also short?) nf.snare, gin, trap,PPs, VPs; Æ, CP:halter, noose,Mt(y). [‘grin’]
+grīnanto ensnare.
+grind† n.impact, crash.
±grindan3(y)to rub together, grate, scrape,Rd:gnash,Ps: ‘grind,’sharpen,Æ, Mt.
grindef.shingle, BC (v. Mdf).
grindelm. nap. grindlasbar, bolt. pl.grating, hurdle.
grinderem.miller,Lcd3·1781.
grindetōðm.grinding tooth, molar, WW 44026.
gring==cring
grīnianto ensnare,KGl. [‘grin’]
grintpres. 3 sg. ofgrindan.
grīosn=grēosn
gripam.handful, sheaf.
±grīpan1intr. (w. d. g. or tō)to seek to get hold of,B, Bl, Gen: tr. (w. g.)seize, take, apprehend,Sol, WW. [‘gripe’]
gripem.grasp, seizure, attack,B, WW; Æ. gūðbilla g.shield:handful,Lcd, Ps.
grīpendm.seizer, robber, WW 51613.
+gripenes, gripnes f.seizing, snare, captivity,EPs348.
gripu† f.kettle, caldron.
grīpul‘capax’, WW 19839. [‘gripple’]
-grīsan(ȳ) v.ā-g.
grislic‘grisly,’horrible,HL15182(very late).
gristn.action of grinding,WW: ‘grist.’ [grindan]
gristbat-= gristbit-
gristbitem.gnashing, W 1885.
gristbitianto gnash the teeth,BH, Mk, WW; Æ.[‘gristbite’]
gristbitungf.gnashing of teeth,Bl, Mt. [‘gristbiting’]
gristianto gnash, grind,Gl.
gristlef. ‘gristle’,Gl, WW.
gristlung(y) f.gnashing.
gristram.baker, WW.
gritta=grytta
griðn.truce, (temporary)peace,Ma:protection of the person, asylum, sanctuary, guarantee of safety. [‘grith’]
griðbrycem.breach of‘grið,’LL:penalty for such a breach,LL. [‘grithbreach’]
±griðianto make a truce or peace,Chr:protect, LL.
griðlaguf.law of temporary or local peace, LL 470[9].
griðlēasunprotected, W 1587.
groe-= grē-
grōfpret. 3 sg. ofgrafan.
grom=gram
gron-= gran-
grondpret. 3 sg. ofgrindan.
gronwisc‘acus’, Cp 160a(v. AB 9·35).
grōpian=grāpian
-grorenv.be-g.
grorn†I.m.sorrow, sadness.
II.adj.sad, agitated. adv. -e.
grornhofn.sad home, hell,Jul324.
grornianto mourn, complain.
grorntornsadness,Rim66?
grornungf.complaint, NG.
grotI.n.particle,Bo; AO. [‘grot’]
II.n.groats, coarse meal,Gl. [grēot]
grotigearthy, GPH 396.
±grōwan7to‘grow,’increase,Bo, Cp, Rd, WW:germinate,KGl, Mk.
grōwende‘growing,’Gen, KGl.
grōwnesf.growth, BH.
grummonpret. pl. ofgrimman.
grundm. ‘ground,’bottom,B, Gen, Sol, VPs:foundation,LkL:abyss, hell:plain, country land, earth,An, B, Bl, Wid:sea, water.
grundbeddn.ground, soil,Rd8124.
grundbūend† m.earth-dweller.
grundenpp. ofgrindan.
grundeswelge(i3, u3, v3) f. ‘groundsel,’Lcd.
grundfūshastening to hell,Mod49.
grundhyrdem.keeper of the abyss, B 2136.
grundinga=grundlunga
grundlēasbottomless, unfathomable,Bo:boundless, vast. [‘groundless’]
grundlēaslicboundless, vast, CP 41710.
grundlingm.groundling(fish), BC 3·525 (Mdf).
grundlunga(i2) adv.from the foundation, completely, Æ:to the ground, prone, prostrate, Æ.
grundonpret. pl. ofgrindan.
grundscēat† m.region.
grundsele† m.abysmal dwelling.
grundstānm.foundation-stone,WW. [‘groundstone’]
+grundstaðelianto establish firmly, ÆL 821.
grundwægm.earth,An582.
grundwang† m. (ground-plain),the earth:bottom(of a lake).
grundweallm.foundation,Æ, Lk. [‘groundwall’]
+grundweallianto establish, found,EPs232.
grundwelam.earthly riches,Gen957.
grundwyrgenf.water-wolf, B 1518.
grunian, grunnian (OEG)to grunt.
grunnettanto‘grunt,’Cp.
grunung, grunnung f.grunting, bellowing, OEG.
grutm.gulf, chasm, abyss:stone, rock, OEG 1814.
grūtf. (ds. grȳt, grūt)groats, coarse meal,Cp, Ct, Lcd:grains, the spent grain after brewing,Lcd. [‘grout’]
grutt, grutte =grut
gryllan=griellan
grym=grim(m)
grymet-tan, -tian (i)to grunt, roar, rage.
grymet-ung, -tung f.grunting, roaring, bellowing.
grymm=grimm
grymman=gremman
gryn=gyrn
grȳn=grīn
+gryndn.plot of ground, TC 23122.
gryndanI.to set, sink(of the sun),WW. [‘grind’; grund]
II.=grindan
grynde† n.abyss.
grynel(WW 2913) =cyrnel
grȳnian=grīnian
grynsmiðm.worker of ill,An919.
grȳpe(OEG 4290; 4744) =grēpe
gryre† m.horror, terror:fierceness, violence, DD 8:horrible thing.
gryrebrōga† m.terror, horror.
gryrefæstterribly firm,El76a.
gryrefāh† adj. (used as sb.)spotted horror, B.
gryregæst(ǣ?) m.terrible stranger, B 2560.
gryregeatwefp.war-gear, B 324.
gryrehwīlf.terrible time,An468.
gryrelēoð† n.terrible song.
gryrelic†terrible, horrible.
gryremihtf.terrible power, W 19520.
gryresīðm.way of terror, dangerous expedition, B 1462.
gryrranto gnash, DD 195.
grys-= gris-
grȳs-= grīs-
grȳtI.pres. 3 sg. ofgrēotan.
II.v.grūt.
grȳtof.greatness,Nar822. [grēat]
grytta, gryttan pl.coarse meal, bran, chaff,Ep, Lcd, WW. [‘grit’]
gryttef.sand,Ps.
grȳttra(A 4·151) = *grietra cp. ofgrēat. [‘greater’]
gryð-= grið-
gū==gēo
guldonpret. pl. ofgieldan.
gullonpret. pl. ofgiellan.
gulponpret. pl. ofgielpan.
guma† m.man, hero,B. [‘gome’]
gumcynn† sn.human race, men, mankind, nation.
gumcyst† f.excellence, bravery, virtue, liberality. adv. -umexcellently.
gumdrēamm.enjoyment of life, B 2469.
gumdryhtenm.lord, B 1642.
gumfēðam.troop, B 1401.
gumfrēam.king,Da651.
-gumianv.ofer-g.
gummannm.man, B 1028.
gumrīce† n.kingdom, earth.
gumrinc† m.man, warrior.
gumstōlm.ruler’s seat, throne, B 1952.
gumðegenm.man,Cra83.
gumðēodf.folk, people,Gen226.
gundm.matter, pus,Lcd. [‘gound’]
gundeswilge(Ep, Erf, Ln) =grundeswelge
gung=geong
gung-= ging-
gungonpret. pl. ofgangan.
gunnon(BH) pret. pl. ofginnan.
gupan‘clunibus, renibus, coxe,’ WW 20541(v. A 31·522).
gurronpret. pl. ofgyrran.
gutonpret. pl. ofgēotan.
guttasmp. ‘guts,’entrails,HGl408.
gūð† f.combat, battle, war.
gūðbeornm.fighting-hero, B 314.
gūðbill† n.battle-bill, sword.
gūðbord† n.war-shield.
gūðbyrne† f.corslet, coat of mail.
gūðcearuf.war-trouble, B 1258.
gūðcræftm.war-craft, B 127.
gūðcwēn† f.warrior queen.
gūðcyning† m.warrior king.
gūðcystf.troop, warrior band? (Kluge):bravery? (BT),Ex343.
gūðdēaðm.death in battle, B 2249.
gūðfanam.gonfanon, war-banner, ensign, standard, Æ, AO.
gūð-flā? f., -flān? mf.battle-arrow,Gen2063.
gūðflogam.winged fighter, B 2528.
gūðfona=gūðfana
gūðfrēam.warlike prince,An1335.
gūðfrec†bold in battle.
gūðfreca† m.warrior.
gūðfremmend† m.warrior.
gūðfugolm.bird of war, eagle,Rd255.
gūðgeatwe† fp.armour.
gūðgelǣcam.warrior,El43.
gūðgemōt† n.battle, combat.
gūðgetāwe=gūðgeatwe
gūðgeðingu† np.battle, contest.
gūðgewǣde† n.war-dress, armour.
gūðgeweorc† n.warlike deed.
gūðgewinn† n.battle.
gūðhafocm.war-hawk, eagle, †Chr937a.
gūðheardbold in battle,El204.
gūðhelmm.helmet, B 2487.
gūðhere† m.warlike host, army.
gūðhornm.war-horn, trumpet, B 1432.
gūðhrēðm.martial glory, B 819.
gūðhwætfierce in battle,Ap57.
gūðlēoðn.war-song, B 1522.
gūð-mæcga, -maga m.warrior,Sol90.
gūðmōd†warlike.
Gūðmyrcepl.Ethiopians,Ex69.
gūðplega† m.attach, battle.
gūðrǣs† m.battle-rush, onslaught.
gūðrēafn.armour,Jul387.
gūðrēowfierce in battle, B 58. [hrēow]
gūðrinc† m.warrior, hero.
gūðrōf†brave in battle.
gūðscearuf.slaughter in battle, B 1213.
gūðsceaðam.ravaging invader, B 2318.
gūðsceorpn.armour,Jud329.
gūðscrūdn.armour,El258.
gūðsearo† n.armour.
gūðselem.hall of warriors, B 443.
gūðspelln.tidings of a war,Gen2097.
gūðsweordn.sword, B 2154.
gūððracu† f.hostile attack.
gūððrēatm.warlike troop,Ex193.
gūðweard† m.war-lord, king.
gūðweorcn.warlike deed,An1068.
gūðwērigwounded, B 1586.
gūðwiga† m.warrior.
gūðwine† m.battle-friend, weapon.
gūðwudum.spear,Fin6.
gy-= ge-
gyc-= gic-
gyd=gid(d)
gyden(AO), gydenu f. (occl. gs. gydenan)goddess. [god]
gydenlic‘vestalis’ (=dealis? A 31·63), WW 52433.
gydig(i)possessed(by a spirit),insane, OEG 5009. [‘giddy’]
gyf=gif
gyf-= geof-, gief-, gif-
gȳf-= gīf-
gyhða(Æ) =gicða
gyhðu=gehðu
gyld=gield
gyld-= gild-
+gyld=gylden
±gyldanI.to gild.
II.(AO) =gieldan
±gylden‘golden,’B, Dan; Æ, AO, CP.
gyldenbēag(gilden-, Æ) m.crown.
gyldenfeaxgolden-haired, WW 34835.
gyldenhīwegolden-hued, OEG 435.
gyldenmūðagolden-mouthed(Chrysostom), GD 9424; ZDA 317.
gyldenwecg(gylding-) m.gold mine, WW 24117.
gylian, gyllanto yell, shout. gyliende ‘garrulus,’ OEG 56138.
gylm=gelm
gylp==gielp
gylt(e, i, ie) m. ‘guilt,’sin, offence, crime, fault,A, Bl, Chr, Mt; AO, CP.
±gyltanto commit sin, be guilty,CP, Mt, RB, VPs. [‘guilt,’ ‘guilting’]
gyltendm.sinner, debtor, CP.
gyltigoffending, ‘guilty,’Mt.
gyltingf.sin, DR.
gyltlicsinful, DR.
gyltwīten. (gyld-)fine for unpaid tax, KC 514.
gylung? ‘garrulitas,’ OEG 56141.
gym=gimm
gym-= gim-
gȳm-= gīem-
gymian=gymmian
gymm=gimm
gymmianto cut the throat, kill, OEG 3799.
gyn-= geon-, gin-
gyndepret. of *giendanto drive.
-gȳpe(= ī?) v.ǣ-g.
gypigendyawning, GPH 398.
gypungf.gaping, open mouth, GPH.
gyrI.m.mud, marsh.
II.fir tree, WW 26914.
gyr-= geor-, gier-
gyra=gyr I.
±gyrdan(pret. gyrde),to‘gird’ (sword),Gen, PPs:encircle, surround,JnL: (+)invest with attributes,PPs.
gyrdel(e) m. ‘girdle,’belt, zone,Lcd, Mt; Æ:purse.
gyrdelbredn. ‘pugillar,’ WW 27713.
gyrdelhringn.girdle, buckle, WW 432.
gyrdels, gyrder =gyrdel
gyrdil-= gyrdel-
gyrdwegm.road with a fence on either side(BT), KC 3·41221.
gyrdwīten.affliction caused by a rod(used of Moses’ rod),Ex15.
gȳren=grīn
gyrman(LPs378) =cirman
gyrn† mn.sorrow, misfortune.
gyrnstafasmp.injury, affliction,Jul245.
gyrnwracu† f.revenge for injury.
gyrran3[= gierran, georran]to sound, chatter, Æ:to creak, grate,An374.
gyrretanto roar(of lions),LPs.
gyrsandæg(MFH 97) =gierstandæg
gyrst=grist
gyrstandæg(Æ) =gierstandæg
gyrtrēown.fir tree, WW 13811.
gyruf. =gyr
gyrwan=gierwian
gyrwefennn.marsh,ÆGr6010.
gȳse=gēse
gȳsel=gīsl
gyst= (1)gæst, (2)gist
gyst-= gæst-, giest-
gysternlicdæg=gierstandæg
gyt=gitpron.
gȳtI.pres. 3 sg. ofgēotan.
II.=gīet
gȳt-= gīet-, gīt-
gyte, gytt (NG) m.pouring forth, shedding, Æ:flood, Æ. [gēotan]
gytesǣlm. (dp. gytesālum)joy at wine-pouring, carousal,Jud22.
gytestrēamm.running stream, WW.
gytfeormf.ploughing-feast, LL 452, 21, 4.
gȳðcorn(ī) n.spurge laurel?Lcd.
gȳðrifef.cockle,Lcd.
gȳu=gēo
his often wrongly prefixed to words, as in Cockney English.
hām.oar-thole, rowlock. æt hāfor each oar, or each oarsman,Chr1040c. [Icel.hār]
habbananv. ptc. pres. hæbbende; pres. 1 sg. hæbbe, 2. hæfst, 3. hæfð, pl. hæbbað, habbað; pret. 3 sg. hæfde; subj. hæbbe; imperat. hafa; pp. (±) hæf(e)dto‘have,’Bl, G:possess, own, hold,B, Bl, G:keep, retain,Bl, VPs:entertain, cherish:esteem, consider,BH:be subject to, experience,Mk:obtain,Chr, Mt:assert,Lcd: used as auxiliary to indicate past tense,have,Æ, Chr, Ex. h. forconsider: (+)hold, keep from, preserve, retain, CP, Æ. yfle +h.afflict, torment.
hacam.hook, door-fastening, Cp 311p. [Ger.hake]
-haccianv.tō-h.
hacele(æ) f.cloak, coat, vestment, cassock, ‘pallium,’AO, WW; Æ. [‘hackle’]
hacod(æ, e) m.pike,WW. [‘haked’;Ger.hecht]
hacole, hacule =hacele
hādm. (rare gs. hāda)person, individuality,Æ, BH, Mt:degree, rank, order, office(especially holy office),Æ, BH, CP:condition, state, nature, character, form, manner,B, Sol:sex,BH, Chr:race, family, tribe:choir. [‘had’]
-hādmasc. suffix; usu. denotes state or condition, as cildhād, mægðhād. [Eng.-hood]
+hadam.brother monk, LL.
hādbōtf.compensation for injury or insult to a priest,LL. [‘hadbot’]
hādbrecam.violator of(holy)orders, LL.
hād-bryce, -brice m.violation of(holy)orders, LL.
hādelīceadv.as to persons, DHy 296.
hādesmannm.member of a particular order,Chr995f.
hādgriðn.privilege(as regards peace)of holy orders, LL 471[19].
±hādianto ordain, consecrate,BH; Æ. [‘hade’]
hādnotuf.office of a priest, LL 458h.
hādorI.n.clearness, brightness, B 414 (or ? hador= heaðor).
II.† (ǣ)bright, clear, fresh:distinct, loud. [Ger.heiter] adv. hādre.
hādswǣpam.bridesman, WW 17435.
hādswǣpe(ā) f.bridesmaid, WW.
hādungf.consecration, ordination,Chr, LL. [v. ‘hade’]. hādunge underfōnto take the veil.
hādungdæg(i2) m.ordination day, ÆL 3359.
hæb=hæf
hæb-(Gl) = hæf-
hæbb-= habb-, hebb-
hæbbednesf.continence? A 8·3203.
hæbbendlic‘habilis,’ÆGr545.
-hæbberev.sulh-h.
hæcfm.grating, ‘hatch,’half-gate,Ct.
hæc-= hac-
+hæccasausage, WW 41120. [hacian]
hæcceI.f.crozier.
II.gs. ofhæc.
hæcwerm.hatch-weir, a weir in which fish were caught, KC 3·450.
hǣdor=hādor
hædre†straitly, anxiously.
hǣdre=hādre
hæfI.† n. (heaf-, haf- in obl. cases)sea, ocean. [cp.Ger.haff]
II.(OEG) =hæfe
hǣfd=hēafod
hæfdepret. sg. ofhabban.
hæfeI.m.leaven. [Ger.hefe]
II.=hefe
hǣfed=hēafod
-hæfednesv.be-,for-h.