Chapter 5

ǣrror=ǣrorærs=earsǣrsceaft‡ f.old work, ancient building.ærschen, ærshen =erschenǣrst=ǣrestǣrstæf=ārstæfǣr-ðam, -ðon, -ðamðe v.ǣr.ærð-= yrð-ǣrwacolearly awake, Æ.+ærwedepraved, wicked,EPs1004.ǣrwelam.ancient wealth, B 2747.ǣrworuldf.ancient world,Cr937.ǣrynd=ǣrendǣryr=ǣrorǣrystI.=ǣristII.=ǣrestǣsn.food, meat, carrion:bait. [OHG.ās]æscI.m. nap. ascas ‘ash’-tree,Gl, KC; Mdf:name ofthe rune foræ: (†)spear, lance:ship, Æ.II.=æcsǣscæreunshorn, untrimmed. [scieran]ǣscanto demand(legally), LL 177´.ǣscapo(WW 27336) =ǣsceapaæscberend† m., -bora † m.spear-bearer, soldier.æscberendespear-bearing,Gen2041.æsce=asceǣscef.asking, inquiry, search,LL:claim(to insurance money for theft of cattle), LL 1752. [‘ask’ sb.]ǣsceap(ē1) n.remnant, patch.æscedafpl.refuse? WW 14833.æscegeswāpn.cinders, ashes, TC 31833.æscenI.fm.vessel of ash-wood, bucket, pail, bottle, cup.II.adj.made of ash-wood, ashen,Lcd.æscfealuashy-hued, WW 20423.æscgrægashy gray, WW 20424.æscherem.naval force,Ma69.æscholt† n.spear of ash-wood, spear-shaft, lance(v. also Mdf).ǣscian=ācsianæscmannm.ship-man, sailor, pirate. [æsc]æscplegam.play of spears, battle,Jud217.æscrindf.bark of the ash-tree,Lcd.æscrōf†brave in battle.æscstedem.place of battle,Mod17; Mdf.æscstederōdf.cross marking a battlefield? Ct (BT).æsctīrm.glory in war,Gen2069.æscðracuf.battle,Gen2153.æsc-ðrote, -ðrotu f.a plant, ferula?vervain?ǣsmælsmallness of the eye,Lcd.ǣsmogunp.slough(of snake)Lcd88a. [ā-smūgan]æscwert=æscwyrtæscwiga†m. (spear-)warrior.æscwlanc†brave.æscwyrtf.verbena, vervain.ǣscyldian‘delinquere,’PPs.ǣsellend(y2) m.lawgiver.æsil=hæselæslitendm.law-breaker,LPs.æsne-= esne-æsp=æspe I.æspeI.f.aspen-tree, white poplar,Gl; Mdf. [‘asp1’]II.=æbsæspenadj.aspen.ǣspreng, ǣspring(e) =ǣspryngæsprind(ps) f.aspen, bark,Lcd. [‘asp’]ǣspringnes=āsprungenesǣspryngnf.spring, fountain, CP. [ēa]:departure,Creat77.ǣstI.=ǣrestII.=ēstǣstǣnan=āstǣnanǣstan=ēastanæstelm.book-marker, CP 9. [L.hastula]æsul=esolǣswǣpesbpl.sweepings, rubbish.ǣswicm.offence, stumbling-block, infamy, seduction, deceit.ǣswica, ǣswicend m.offender, deceiver, hypocrite, traitor.ǣswicem.violation of God’s laws(or?adultery), W 1643.±ǣswicianto offend, deceive, Æ:apostatize, WW 34212:desert, Æ.ǣswicnesf.stumbling-block,LPs10536.ǣswicungf.offence, stumbling-block, Æ:deceit, Æ:sedition.ǣswindidle, slothful, WW 42213. [swīð]ǣsyllend=ǣsellendætI.prep. (w. d. and, more rarely,a.) (local) ‘at,’near, by, in, on, upon, with, before, next to, as far as, up to, into, toward: (temporal)at, at the time of, near, in, on, to, until: (causal)at, to, through: (source)from: (instrumental)by. æt fēawum wordumin few words, BH:in respect to, as to.II.adv.at, to, near. æt nehstan, æt siðestanfinally. æt- in composition =at, to, from.ǣtI.mfn.eatables, food, meat, flesh,Gu; Æ, AO. ǣt and wǣtfood and drink, Æ:the act of feeding, eating,PPs; MkL (ē). [‘eat’ sb.]II.pret. 3 sg. ofetan.ǣt-= āte--ǣtav.self-ǣta.ætǣwian=ætīewanāetan5to eat, devour, AS 1716; 375.ætbēonanv.to be present.ætberan4to carry to, bring, produce, show,Da:carry off,B. [‘atbear’]ætberstan3to break out, or away, escape from,Æ. [‘atburst’]ætbrēdan=ætbregdanætbrēdendlicablative,ÆGr237.æt-bregdan, -brēdan3to take away, carry off,deprive of, snatch away, draw off, withdraw,Mt; Æ:release, rescue, enlarge:prevent, ÆL 31126. [‘atbraid’]ætclifianto adhere,BJPs1016.ætclīðanto adhere, OET 181.ætdēmanto refuse, give judgment against, EC 202.ætdōnanv.to take away, deprive.ǣte=āteætēaca(eth-) m. ‘appendix,’ OEG 5318.ætēacnes=ætȳcnesætealdodtoo old, Æ (2159).ætēaw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-ætēcan=ætȳcanætegār=ætgāræteglanto harm,PPs8819.ætēodepret. 3 sg. of *ætgānhe came.ǣteorian=āteorianætēow-= ætīew-, ætȳw-ætercyn=atorcynǣtere(ē1) m. ‘eater,’glutton,Prov; NG.ǣternI.(NG)viper.II.=ǣtrenætēw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-ætfæstan(= oð-)to inflict on, afflict with:fasten to, drive into, impart to, CP 11519:commit, entrust:marry to.ætfæstnianto fasten?entrust? AS 2119.ætfaran6to escape,Shr1423.ætfeallan7to fall, fall out:fall away, fail, be reduced,LL; Æ:happen. [‘atfall’]ætfelem.adhesion,PPs7223.ætfengm.attaching, distraintv. LL 2·279.ætfeohtan2†to grope about.ætfēolan3to stick to:adhere, apply oneself to, continue in, CP.ætfeorrianto take from,Sc1607.ætferianto carry away, bear off.ætfīlan=ætfēolanætflēon2to flee away, escape by flight,Æ. [‘atflee’]ætflōwan7to flow together, accumulate,SPs6110.ætfōn7to seize upon, lay claim to,LL. [‘atfong’]ætforanI.prep. w. d.before, in the presence of, in front of, close by,Jn; Æ. [‘atfore’].II.adv.beforehand(time).ætfyligan, -fylganto adhere, cling to.æt-gædere(AO), -gæddre (CP), -gædre, -gæderum adv.together, united, at the same time. [gadrian]æt-gǣren., -gār m.spear, dart, javelin,Gl.ætgangan7to go to, approach,Az183. [‘atgo’]ætgeddre, -gedre =ætgædereætgenumenremoved, taken away, WW 52939.ǣtgiefa† (eo, i) m.food-giver, feeder.ætgifan5to render, give, B 2878.ætglīdan1to slip away, disappear, OEG 7132.ætgrǣpeseizing. æ. weorðanseize, B 1268.æthabbanto retain, Æ.æthealdan7to keep back,Sc10918.æthebban6to take away, take out, hold back, Æ:exalt oneself, CP 11313.æthindanprep. w. d.behind, after,Chr; Æ. [‘athinden’]æthlēapan7to run away, flee, escape, W 1625.æthlȳpm.assault. [cp.ǣhlȳp]æthrīnan1to touch, move,Mt; Æ. [‘atrine’]æthrinem.touch.æthwāeach, every one.æthwāresomewhat,HGl42137.æt-hwega, -hwæga, -hweg(u) adv.somewhat, tolerably, a little:how.æthweorfan3to return, go back, B 2299.æthwōnadv.almost, nearly.æthȳd‘eviscerata,’ (skinned? BT), WW 392´.ætiernan3to run away,Æ. [‘atrin’]ætīewan(oð-; ē, ēa, ēo, ī, ȳ) pret. sg. -īe(w)de, (tr.)to show, reveal, display, disclose, manifest,Mt(ȳ), CP: (intr.)show oneself, become visible, appear,Mt(ȳ). [‘atew’]ǣtingf.eating,Sc17045(ē):pasture? Mdf.ǣtinge(y2)speechless, OEG 4645.ætispres. 3 sg. ofætwesan,ætbēon.ætīw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-ætlǣdan(= oð-)to drive away,Æ. [‘atlead’]ǣtlicadj.eatable, WW, LkL (ē).ætlicgan5to lie idle,ÆGr222. [‘atlie’]ætlimpan3to fall away from, escape, be lost, Æ.ætlūtianto lurk, hide,Æ. [‘atlutien’]ætnēhstan(ȳ) adv.at last.ætnesf.edibility, WW 22611.ætniman4to take away, deprive of,Ex414.ætol=etolǣtonpret. pl. ofetan.ǣtor=ātorǣtorcynn=ātorcynnǣtran=ǣtrianætreccanw. d. and a.to declare forfeit, deprive of,Lcd.ǣtrenpoisoned, poisonous,MtL(-ern). [‘attern’]ǣtrenmōdof venomous spirit, malignant(or? two words),GnE163.ǣtrennesf.poisonous nature,Lcd55a.±ǣtrianto poison,AO:become poisonous. [‘atter’]ætrigpoisonous,Lcd; Æ. [‘attery’]ætrihte(y)I.adj.right at, near, present, at hand.II.adv.almost, nearly.ætsacan6to deny,Lk; Æ:renounce,Mk. [‘atsake’]ætsamne(æ, e, o) adv.united, together, at once, AO.ætscēotan2to escape, disappear, MF (Vesp. D xiv).ætscūfan2to shove away.ætsittan5to sit by, remain, stay,Chr. [‘atsit’]ætslāpan7to sleep beside,Lcd83a.ætslīdan1to slip, glide, fall,Æ.ætsomne(Æ) =ætsamneætspornan3(u)to strike against, stumble, go wrong, CP:rebel(æt).ætspornungf.offence, stumbling-block, misfortune, CM 230.ætspringan3to rush forth, spurt out,B1121. [‘atspring’]ætspringnes, -sprung(en)nes f.defection.ætspurnan=ætspornanætspyrning=ætspornungætst= itst pres. 2 sg. ofetan.ætst-= oðst-ætstælm.aid, assistance(GK); =ætsteall(BT),Gu150.ætstæppan6to step up to, B 745.ætstandan6to stand still, stand at, near, in or by,Æ:remain, stand up:check, resist, Æ:cease,Lk; Æ. [‘atstand’]ætstandendm.bystander, attendant, Æ.ætstandendestanding by, GD 28421.ætsteallm.assistance, meeting with hostile intent(GK):station, camp station(BT),Wald121.ætstentv.ætstandan.ætstentev.ætstyntan.ætstillanto still,Lcd25b.ætstrenganto withhold wrongfully, LL 206´.ætstyntanto blunt, dull, weaken.ætswerian6to deny on oath, LL.ætswīganto keep silence about(be) GD 21718.ætswimman3to escape by swimming, swim out,Chr918.āettan(āyttan)to eat up.ǣtter, ǣttor =ātorǣttr-= ætr-ætðringan3to take away from, deprive of.ætweaxan1to increase(Swt.).ætwegan5to bear away, carry off, B 1198.ǣtwelaabundance of food, feast,Soul123.ætwenianto wean from, LL 368´.ætwesananv.to be at hand.ætwesendeat hand, imminent, WW.ætwindan3to escape,Æ. [‘atwind’]ætwistI.† f.presence.II.=edwistætwītan6to reproach(with),censure, taunt,Met, Ps; CP. [‘atwite’]ætwrencanto seize by fraud.ætȳcanto add to, increase, BH. [īecan]ætȳcnesf.increase, BH.ǣtȳnan=ontȳnanǣtynge=ǣtingeætys= ætis pres. 3 sg. ofætwesan.æt-ȳwan, -ȳwian =ætīewanætȳwednesf.showing, appearance, manifestation, revelation, GD.ætȳwigendlicdemonstrative,ÆGr.ætȳwnesf.showing, manifestation, revelation:apparition, Æ:Epiphany.ætȳwungf.manifestation, Epiphany, CM 531.ǣðanI.(±)to make oath, swear. [āð]II.=īðanæðel=æðeleǣðel==ēðelæðelborenof noble birth, distinguished, Æ:free-born, Æ:inborn, natural.æðelborennesf.nobility of birth or nature, Æ:inborn nature, OEG 4518.æðelcundof noble birth.æðelcundnesf.nobleness,Bo4613.æðelcyningm.noble king(Christ), Æ.æðelduguðf.noble retinue,Cr1012.æðelenoble, aristocratic, excellent, famous, glorious,Ex, Gen; Æ, AO, CP:splendid, fine, costly, valuable:lusty, young:pleasant, sweet-smelling,Gen: (+)natural, congenial, suitable. [‘athel’]æðel-ferðingwyrt, -fyrdingwyrt f.stitch-wort(plant),Lcd.+æðelian†to make noble or renowned,Hy. [‘i-athele’]æðelic=æðellicāðelic=ēaðelicæðelingm.man of royal blood, nobleman, chief, prince, AO,Chr(v. LL 2·274): †king, Christ, God,Cr: †man, hero, saint; in pl.men, people,Gen. [‘atheling’]æðelinghādn.princely state,Lcd3·4385.æðellicnoble, excellent. adv. -līce.æðelnesf.nobility, excellence.æðelo=æðeluæðelstencm.sweet smell,Ph195.æðeltungol† n.noble star.æðelufn.nobility, family, descent, origin, CP:nature:noble qualities, genius, talents, pre-eminence,Bo:produce, growth. [‘athel’]ǣð-= ēð-ǣðm(ē) m.air, breath, breathing, CP;Sat. (ē):vapour,B:blast, Æ. [‘ethem’]ǣðmianto fume, exhale, emit a smell.ǣðre=ǣdreǣðreclicterrible,RPs954.ǣðret-= āðryt-ǣðrotn.disgust, weariness. [āðrēotan]ǣðrytI.troublesome, wearisome, disgusting.II.n.weariness, disgust, tediousness, Æ.ǣðryte=ǣðryt I.ǣðrytnesf.tedium, v. OEG 4582.ǣðryttanto weary, Æ.æðða(Bd, Death-song) =oððeǣwI.= ǣ.II.=ǣweǣwǣdewithout clothes, WW 23038.ǣwanto despise, scorn,Ps.ǣwbrǣcedespising the law, Æ:adulterous, LL.ǣwbreca(i, y) m.adulterer,LL(y). [‘eaubruche2’]ǣwbrycem.adultery, Æ;LL. [‘eaubruche1’]ǣwda, æwdamann m.witness, compurgator, LL.ǣweI.fn.married woman, Æ:married people.II.lawful:married:born of the same marriage.ǣwelm=ǣwielmǣwenbrōðorm.brother by the same marriage, WW 41329.ǣwēnedoubtful, uncertain.ǣwerdadj.?religious, or sb.?regular priest, ANS 128·298. [cp.ǣweweard]æwerdla=æfwyrdlaǣweweardm.priest,Bl16127.ǣwfæstupright, pious, devout, religious, Æ, CP:married, Æ.ǣwfæstenn.legal or public fast.ǣwfæstliclawful:religious, CP (ǣf-). adv. -līce.ǣwfæstnesf.religion, piety.ǣwicnesf.eternity,RPs10217(v. p. 303).ǣwielm(e, i, y), -wielme m.source, fount, spring, beginning, AO, CP. [= ēawylm]ǣwintre=ānwintreǣwis-= ǣwisc-ǣwiscI.nf.offence, shame, disgrace, dishonour, AO. [Goth.aiwisks]II.disgraced, shameless, indecent.ǣwiscberendedisgraceful, shameful, WW 26442.ǣwisce=ǣwisc I.ǣwisc-ferinend(Gl), -firina (NG) m.shameless sinner, publican.ǣwisclicdisgraceful, infamous, OEG.ǣwiscmōdashamed, abashed, cowed.ǣwiscnesf.shameless conduct:reverence.ǣwitam.counsellor,El455.ǣwliclegal, lawful. adv. -līce.±ǣwnianto marry, Æ.ǣwnungf.wedlock, OEG.ǣwulbasket with a narrow neck for catching fish, WW 18111. [?= cawl, BT]ǣwumborenlawfully born, LL 76´.ǣwung=ǣwnungǣwunge=ēawungeǣwyllm.stream, BC 1·542.ǣ-wylm, -wylme =ǣwielmæwyrdla=æfwyrdlaǣwyrpm.throwing away:what is cast away:an abortion. [āweorpan]ǣwysc-= æwisc-æx==æcs,eaxæxe=asceæxeȳrf.axe-head,Chr1012e. [ȳr]æxfaruf. ‘apparatus,’naval expedition? (= æsc-? v. ES 37·184),Gl.æxian=ascianæxl=eaxlæxs=æcsāfǣdan=āfēdanāfǣganto depict, figure, BH. [fāg]āfǣgrian(æ)to ornament, adorn, BH.ā-fælan, -fællan =āfyllan II.āfǣmanto foam out,PPs118131.āfǣranto frighten,PPs, Mk, Chr; AO, CP. [‘afear,’ ‘afeared’]āfæst=ǣwfæstāfæstanI.to fast, LL, W.II.to let out on hire, MkR 121.āfæstlainterj.certainly!assuredly!Æ.āfæstnian(e)to fix upon, fasten, make firm, confirm, AO:enter, inscribe, Æ:build.āfǣttianto fatten, anoint,APs226;LPs1405.āfandelic=āfandodlicāfandianto try, test, prove, tempt,Lk, Lcd; Æ, CP:find out, experience, Æ. āfandod (and āfanden?)approved, excellent, Æ.āfand-igendlic, -odlicproved, approved, laudable. adv. -odlīce.āfandungf.trial, Æ.āfangennesf.reception, acceptance.afara=eaforaāfaranto go out, depart, march, travel, Æ, AO;Da6. [‘afare’]āfeallan7to fall down, fall in battle,Lk; CP:fall off, decay. [‘afalle’]āfeallan=āfyllanāfēdanto feed, nourish, bring up, maintain, support,Æ; AO:bring forth, produce. [‘afede’]āfēganto join, DR (oe).āfehtan(DR) =āfeohtanāfellan=āfyllanāfelle=ǣfelleāfeohtan3to fight, fight against, attack, AO:tear out, destroy.āfēon‘odisse,’PPs.āfeormianto cleanse, purge, purify.āfeormungf.scouring, cleansing, purging,Sc.ā-feorran, -feorrian (CP) =āfierranāfeorsianto remove, do away, expel, dispel, Æ:go away.āfer=āforafera=eaforaāfēran=āfǣranaferianto provide horses for team work(as service for a lord), v. ANS 109·73f.ā-ferian(Gl), -ferran =āfierranāferscanto become fresh,Bo8620.āfersian=āfeorsianāfestnian(WW 498) =āfæstnianafetigan=hafetianāfierran(eo, i, y)to remove, withdraw, depart:estrange from, take away, expel, drive away, CP. [feorr]āfierrednes(y) f.removal, NC 270.āfīgenfried,Gl.āfilganto pursue,Gen1415.āfindan3(= on-)to find, find out, discover, detect,Jn; Æ:experience, feel, Æ. [‘afind’]āfir-= āfierr-, āfeor-, āfyr-āfirðan(= y)to remove,Lcd1·294n.āflægenpp. ofāflēan.āflǣman=āflīemanāflēan6to strip off, flay, GD.āflēgan(DR) =āflīeganāflēman=āflīemanāflēon2, -flēoganto fly, flee away,Gu:fly from, escape. [‘aflee’]āflēotan2to skim,Lcd.āflīan=āflīeganāflīegan(ī, ȳ)to put to flight, expel,Æ(ī). [‘afley’]āflīeman(ȳ)to put to flight, expel, scatter, disperse, rout,Chr; CP:banish. [‘afleme’]āflīgan=āflīeganāflīgungf.attack?Lcd1·33812.-āflīungv.mete-ā.āflōwan7to flow, flow away or from, pass away, AO, CP.āflȳg-, āflȳh- = āflīeg-āflygennesf.attack(BT),Lcd1·3667.āflȳman=āflīemanāfōgian=āwōgianafoln.power, might, LL (30422).āfōn(= on-)to receive, take in, take,Mk, Ps:lay hold of, seize,MtR, Jul:hold up support. [‘afong’]āfondian=āfandianāforbitter, acid, sour, sharp:dire, fierce severe, harsh, impetuous. [OHG.eivar, eibar]afora=eaforaāforhtianto be frightened, take fright, wonder at, Æ.ā-frēfran, -frēfrianto comfort, console, make glad, CP. [frōfor]āfrem-dan, -dianto alienate, Æ:become alienated.āfremðan(VPs) =āfremdanāfremðungf.alienation, VHy.āfrēoðan2to froth,Lcd45b.āfrēon(-ia, N)to deliver, free.afslōg=ofslōgafter=æfterāfūlianto become foul, putrefy, rot, be corrupt, defiled.afulicperverse. v. ES 42·162.āfulliendm.fuller, MkR 93.āfunderare wk. pret. 3 sg. ofāfindan.āfundennesf.invention, device, discovery, Æ.āfȳlanto foul, stain, defile, corrupt,CP; Æ. [‘afile’]āfyllanI.(w. g. or d.)to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy,Æ; AO:complete, fulfil. [‘afill’].II.(y = ie)to cause to fall, fell, beat down, overturn, subvert, demolish, abolish,Lk; Æ:slay, kill. [‘afelle’]āfyndan=āfindanāfyr-= āfierr-āfȳranto emasculate. āfȳred (CP), āfȳrd pp. as sb.eunuch.āfyrhtanto frighten, terrify, Æ, AO.āfȳrida=āfȳredāfyrran=āfierranāfyrsian=āfeorsianāfȳsan(intr.)to hasten:inspire with longing,Bl: (tr.)urge, impel, excite:drive away. [fūs]āgam.proprietor, owner, GD 23011.āgǣlanto hinder, keep back, preoccupy, detain, hold back, retard, delay, AO:neglect, CP:profane.āgǣlwanto terrify, astonish, AO.āgalan6to sound forth, sing, chant.āgald= āgeald pret. 3 sg. ofāgieldan.āgālianto become slack, CP 6518.āganI.(conj. Wt 546)to own, possess, have, obtain,An, Bo, Ma, Mt; AO, CP:give, give up, deliver, restore:have to pay, ‘owe,’Mt, Lk:have to do, ANS 123·417. ā. ūtfind out, discover.II.pret. 3 sg. of āginnan (onginnan).āgān(conj. v.gān)to go, go by, pass(of time),Mk. of ā.go away:occur, befal, Æ:come forth, grow,Ps:approach:lose strength. [‘ago’]āgangan=āgānāgef.possessions, property. [ON.eiga]agēan==ongēanāgehwǣr=ǣhwǣr

ǣrror=ǣror

ærs=ears

ǣrsceaft‡ f.old work, ancient building.

ærschen, ærshen =erschen

ǣrst=ǣrest

ǣrstæf=ārstæf

ǣr-ðam, -ðon, -ðamðe v.ǣr.

ærð-= yrð-

ǣrwacolearly awake, Æ.

+ærwedepraved, wicked,EPs1004.

ǣrwelam.ancient wealth, B 2747.

ǣrworuldf.ancient world,Cr937.

ǣrynd=ǣrend

ǣryr=ǣror

ǣrystI.=ǣrist

II.=ǣrest

ǣsn.food, meat, carrion:bait. [OHG.ās]

æscI.m. nap. ascas ‘ash’-tree,Gl, KC; Mdf:name ofthe rune foræ: (†)spear, lance:ship, Æ.

II.=æcs

ǣscæreunshorn, untrimmed. [scieran]

ǣscanto demand(legally), LL 177´.

ǣscapo(WW 27336) =ǣsceapa

æscberend† m., -bora † m.spear-bearer, soldier.

æscberendespear-bearing,Gen2041.

æsce=asce

ǣscef.asking, inquiry, search,LL:claim(to insurance money for theft of cattle), LL 1752. [‘ask’ sb.]

ǣsceap(ē1) n.remnant, patch.

æscedafpl.refuse? WW 14833.

æscegeswāpn.cinders, ashes, TC 31833.

æscenI.fm.vessel of ash-wood, bucket, pail, bottle, cup.

II.adj.made of ash-wood, ashen,Lcd.

æscfealuashy-hued, WW 20423.

æscgrægashy gray, WW 20424.

æscherem.naval force,Ma69.

æscholt† n.spear of ash-wood, spear-shaft, lance(v. also Mdf).

ǣscian=ācsian

æscmannm.ship-man, sailor, pirate. [æsc]

æscplegam.play of spears, battle,Jud217.

æscrindf.bark of the ash-tree,Lcd.

æscrōf†brave in battle.

æscstedem.place of battle,Mod17; Mdf.

æscstederōdf.cross marking a battlefield? Ct (BT).

æsctīrm.glory in war,Gen2069.

æscðracuf.battle,Gen2153.

æsc-ðrote, -ðrotu f.a plant, ferula?vervain?

ǣsmælsmallness of the eye,Lcd.

ǣsmogunp.slough(of snake)Lcd88a. [ā-smūgan]

æscwert=æscwyrt

æscwiga†m. (spear-)warrior.

æscwlanc†brave.

æscwyrtf.verbena, vervain.

ǣscyldian‘delinquere,’PPs.

ǣsellend(y2) m.lawgiver.

æsil=hæsel

æslitendm.law-breaker,LPs.

æsne-= esne-

æsp=æspe I.

æspeI.f.aspen-tree, white poplar,Gl; Mdf. [‘asp1’]

II.=æbs

æspenadj.aspen.

ǣspreng, ǣspring(e) =ǣspryng

æsprind(ps) f.aspen, bark,Lcd. [‘asp’]

ǣspringnes=āsprungenes

ǣspryngnf.spring, fountain, CP. [ēa]:departure,Creat77.

ǣstI.=ǣrest

II.=ēst

ǣstǣnan=āstǣnan

ǣstan=ēastan

æstelm.book-marker, CP 9. [L.hastula]

æsul=esol

ǣswǣpesbpl.sweepings, rubbish.

ǣswicm.offence, stumbling-block, infamy, seduction, deceit.

ǣswica, ǣswicend m.offender, deceiver, hypocrite, traitor.

ǣswicem.violation of God’s laws(or?adultery), W 1643.

±ǣswicianto offend, deceive, Æ:apostatize, WW 34212:desert, Æ.

ǣswicnesf.stumbling-block,LPs10536.

ǣswicungf.offence, stumbling-block, Æ:deceit, Æ:sedition.

ǣswindidle, slothful, WW 42213. [swīð]

ǣsyllend=ǣsellend

ætI.prep. (w. d. and, more rarely,a.) (local) ‘at,’near, by, in, on, upon, with, before, next to, as far as, up to, into, toward: (temporal)at, at the time of, near, in, on, to, until: (causal)at, to, through: (source)from: (instrumental)by. æt fēawum wordumin few words, BH:in respect to, as to.

II.adv.at, to, near. æt nehstan, æt siðestanfinally. æt- in composition =at, to, from.

ǣtI.mfn.eatables, food, meat, flesh,Gu; Æ, AO. ǣt and wǣtfood and drink, Æ:the act of feeding, eating,PPs; MkL (ē). [‘eat’ sb.]

II.pret. 3 sg. ofetan.

ǣt-= āte-

-ǣtav.self-ǣta.

ætǣwian=ætīewan

āetan5to eat, devour, AS 1716; 375.

ætbēonanv.to be present.

ætberan4to carry to, bring, produce, show,Da:carry off,B. [‘atbear’]

ætberstan3to break out, or away, escape from,Æ. [‘atburst’]

ætbrēdan=ætbregdan

ætbrēdendlicablative,ÆGr237.

æt-bregdan, -brēdan3to take away, carry off,deprive of, snatch away, draw off, withdraw,Mt; Æ:release, rescue, enlarge:prevent, ÆL 31126. [‘atbraid’]

ætclifianto adhere,BJPs1016.

ætclīðanto adhere, OET 181.

ætdēmanto refuse, give judgment against, EC 202.

ætdōnanv.to take away, deprive.

ǣte=āte

ætēaca(eth-) m. ‘appendix,’ OEG 5318.

ætēacnes=ætȳcnes

ætealdodtoo old, Æ (2159).

ætēaw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætēcan=ætȳcan

ætegār=ætgār

æteglanto harm,PPs8819.

ætēodepret. 3 sg. of *ætgānhe came.

ǣteorian=āteorian

ætēow-= ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætercyn=atorcyn

ǣtere(ē1) m. ‘eater,’glutton,Prov; NG.

ǣternI.(NG)viper.

II.=ǣtren

ætēw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætfæstan(= oð-)to inflict on, afflict with:fasten to, drive into, impart to, CP 11519:commit, entrust:marry to.

ætfæstnianto fasten?entrust? AS 2119.

ætfaran6to escape,Shr1423.

ætfeallan7to fall, fall out:fall away, fail, be reduced,LL; Æ:happen. [‘atfall’]

ætfelem.adhesion,PPs7223.

ætfengm.attaching, distraintv. LL 2·279.

ætfeohtan2†to grope about.

ætfēolan3to stick to:adhere, apply oneself to, continue in, CP.

ætfeorrianto take from,Sc1607.

ætferianto carry away, bear off.

ætfīlan=ætfēolan

ætflēon2to flee away, escape by flight,Æ. [‘atflee’]

ætflōwan7to flow together, accumulate,SPs6110.

ætfōn7to seize upon, lay claim to,LL. [‘atfong’]

ætforanI.prep. w. d.before, in the presence of, in front of, close by,Jn; Æ. [‘atfore’].

II.adv.beforehand(time).

ætfyligan, -fylganto adhere, cling to.

æt-gædere(AO), -gæddre (CP), -gædre, -gæderum adv.together, united, at the same time. [gadrian]

æt-gǣren., -gār m.spear, dart, javelin,Gl.

ætgangan7to go to, approach,Az183. [‘atgo’]

ætgeddre, -gedre =ætgædere

ætgenumenremoved, taken away, WW 52939.

ǣtgiefa† (eo, i) m.food-giver, feeder.

ætgifan5to render, give, B 2878.

ætglīdan1to slip away, disappear, OEG 7132.

ætgrǣpeseizing. æ. weorðanseize, B 1268.

æthabbanto retain, Æ.

æthealdan7to keep back,Sc10918.

æthebban6to take away, take out, hold back, Æ:exalt oneself, CP 11313.

æthindanprep. w. d.behind, after,Chr; Æ. [‘athinden’]

æthlēapan7to run away, flee, escape, W 1625.

æthlȳpm.assault. [cp.ǣhlȳp]

æthrīnan1to touch, move,Mt; Æ. [‘atrine’]

æthrinem.touch.

æthwāeach, every one.

æthwāresomewhat,HGl42137.

æt-hwega, -hwæga, -hweg(u) adv.somewhat, tolerably, a little:how.

æthweorfan3to return, go back, B 2299.

æthwōnadv.almost, nearly.

æthȳd‘eviscerata,’ (skinned? BT), WW 392´.

ætiernan3to run away,Æ. [‘atrin’]

ætīewan(oð-; ē, ēa, ēo, ī, ȳ) pret. sg. -īe(w)de, (tr.)to show, reveal, display, disclose, manifest,Mt(ȳ), CP: (intr.)show oneself, become visible, appear,Mt(ȳ). [‘atew’]

ǣtingf.eating,Sc17045(ē):pasture? Mdf.

ǣtinge(y2)speechless, OEG 4645.

ætispres. 3 sg. ofætwesan,ætbēon.

ætīw-= ætīew-, ætȳw-

ætlǣdan(= oð-)to drive away,Æ. [‘atlead’]

ǣtlicadj.eatable, WW, LkL (ē).

ætlicgan5to lie idle,ÆGr222. [‘atlie’]

ætlimpan3to fall away from, escape, be lost, Æ.

ætlūtianto lurk, hide,Æ. [‘atlutien’]

ætnēhstan(ȳ) adv.at last.

ætnesf.edibility, WW 22611.

ætniman4to take away, deprive of,Ex414.

ætol=etol

ǣtonpret. pl. ofetan.

ǣtor=ātor

ǣtorcynn=ātorcynn

ǣtran=ǣtrian

ætreccanw. d. and a.to declare forfeit, deprive of,Lcd.

ǣtrenpoisoned, poisonous,MtL(-ern). [‘attern’]

ǣtrenmōdof venomous spirit, malignant(or? two words),GnE163.

ǣtrennesf.poisonous nature,Lcd55a.

±ǣtrianto poison,AO:become poisonous. [‘atter’]

ætrigpoisonous,Lcd; Æ. [‘attery’]

ætrihte(y)I.adj.right at, near, present, at hand.

II.adv.almost, nearly.

ætsacan6to deny,Lk; Æ:renounce,Mk. [‘atsake’]

ætsamne(æ, e, o) adv.united, together, at once, AO.

ætscēotan2to escape, disappear, MF (Vesp. D xiv).

ætscūfan2to shove away.

ætsittan5to sit by, remain, stay,Chr. [‘atsit’]

ætslāpan7to sleep beside,Lcd83a.

ætslīdan1to slip, glide, fall,Æ.

ætsomne(Æ) =ætsamne

ætspornan3(u)to strike against, stumble, go wrong, CP:rebel(æt).

ætspornungf.offence, stumbling-block, misfortune, CM 230.

ætspringan3to rush forth, spurt out,B1121. [‘atspring’]

ætspringnes, -sprung(en)nes f.defection.

ætspurnan=ætspornan

ætspyrning=ætspornung

ætst= itst pres. 2 sg. ofetan.

ætst-= oðst-

ætstælm.aid, assistance(GK); =ætsteall(BT),Gu150.

ætstæppan6to step up to, B 745.

ætstandan6to stand still, stand at, near, in or by,Æ:remain, stand up:check, resist, Æ:cease,Lk; Æ. [‘atstand’]

ætstandendm.bystander, attendant, Æ.

ætstandendestanding by, GD 28421.

ætsteallm.assistance, meeting with hostile intent(GK):station, camp station(BT),Wald121.

ætstentv.ætstandan.

ætstentev.ætstyntan.

ætstillanto still,Lcd25b.

ætstrenganto withhold wrongfully, LL 206´.

ætstyntanto blunt, dull, weaken.

ætswerian6to deny on oath, LL.

ætswīganto keep silence about(be) GD 21718.

ætswimman3to escape by swimming, swim out,Chr918.

āettan(āyttan)to eat up.

ǣtter, ǣttor =ātor

ǣttr-= ætr-

ætðringan3to take away from, deprive of.

ætweaxan1to increase(Swt.).

ætwegan5to bear away, carry off, B 1198.

ǣtwelaabundance of food, feast,Soul123.

ætwenianto wean from, LL 368´.

ætwesananv.to be at hand.

ætwesendeat hand, imminent, WW.

ætwindan3to escape,Æ. [‘atwind’]

ætwistI.† f.presence.

II.=edwist

ætwītan6to reproach(with),censure, taunt,Met, Ps; CP. [‘atwite’]

ætwrencanto seize by fraud.

ætȳcanto add to, increase, BH. [īecan]

ætȳcnesf.increase, BH.

ǣtȳnan=ontȳnan

ǣtynge=ǣtinge

ætys= ætis pres. 3 sg. ofætwesan.

æt-ȳwan, -ȳwian =ætīewan

ætȳwednesf.showing, appearance, manifestation, revelation, GD.

ætȳwigendlicdemonstrative,ÆGr.

ætȳwnesf.showing, manifestation, revelation:apparition, Æ:Epiphany.

ætȳwungf.manifestation, Epiphany, CM 531.

ǣðanI.(±)to make oath, swear. [āð]

II.=īðan

æðel=æðele

ǣðel==ēðel

æðelborenof noble birth, distinguished, Æ:free-born, Æ:inborn, natural.

æðelborennesf.nobility of birth or nature, Æ:inborn nature, OEG 4518.

æðelcundof noble birth.

æðelcundnesf.nobleness,Bo4613.

æðelcyningm.noble king(Christ), Æ.

æðelduguðf.noble retinue,Cr1012.

æðelenoble, aristocratic, excellent, famous, glorious,Ex, Gen; Æ, AO, CP:splendid, fine, costly, valuable:lusty, young:pleasant, sweet-smelling,Gen: (+)natural, congenial, suitable. [‘athel’]

æðel-ferðingwyrt, -fyrdingwyrt f.stitch-wort(plant),Lcd.

+æðelian†to make noble or renowned,Hy. [‘i-athele’]

æðelic=æðellic

āðelic=ēaðelic

æðelingm.man of royal blood, nobleman, chief, prince, AO,Chr(v. LL 2·274): †king, Christ, God,Cr: †man, hero, saint; in pl.men, people,Gen. [‘atheling’]

æðelinghādn.princely state,Lcd3·4385.

æðellicnoble, excellent. adv. -līce.

æðelnesf.nobility, excellence.

æðelo=æðelu

æðelstencm.sweet smell,Ph195.

æðeltungol† n.noble star.

æðelufn.nobility, family, descent, origin, CP:nature:noble qualities, genius, talents, pre-eminence,Bo:produce, growth. [‘athel’]

ǣð-= ēð-

ǣðm(ē) m.air, breath, breathing, CP;Sat. (ē):vapour,B:blast, Æ. [‘ethem’]

ǣðmianto fume, exhale, emit a smell.

ǣðre=ǣdre

ǣðreclicterrible,RPs954.

ǣðret-= āðryt-

ǣðrotn.disgust, weariness. [āðrēotan]

ǣðrytI.troublesome, wearisome, disgusting.

II.n.weariness, disgust, tediousness, Æ.

ǣðryte=ǣðryt I.

ǣðrytnesf.tedium, v. OEG 4582.

ǣðryttanto weary, Æ.

æðða(Bd, Death-song) =oððe

ǣwI.= ǣ.

II.=ǣwe

ǣwǣdewithout clothes, WW 23038.

ǣwanto despise, scorn,Ps.

ǣwbrǣcedespising the law, Æ:adulterous, LL.

ǣwbreca(i, y) m.adulterer,LL(y). [‘eaubruche2’]

ǣwbrycem.adultery, Æ;LL. [‘eaubruche1’]

ǣwda, æwdamann m.witness, compurgator, LL.

ǣweI.fn.married woman, Æ:married people.

II.lawful:married:born of the same marriage.

ǣwelm=ǣwielm

ǣwenbrōðorm.brother by the same marriage, WW 41329.

ǣwēnedoubtful, uncertain.

ǣwerdadj.?religious, or sb.?regular priest, ANS 128·298. [cp.ǣweweard]

æwerdla=æfwyrdla

ǣweweardm.priest,Bl16127.

ǣwfæstupright, pious, devout, religious, Æ, CP:married, Æ.

ǣwfæstenn.legal or public fast.

ǣwfæstliclawful:religious, CP (ǣf-). adv. -līce.

ǣwfæstnesf.religion, piety.

ǣwicnesf.eternity,RPs10217(v. p. 303).

ǣwielm(e, i, y), -wielme m.source, fount, spring, beginning, AO, CP. [= ēawylm]

ǣwintre=ānwintre

ǣwis-= ǣwisc-

ǣwiscI.nf.offence, shame, disgrace, dishonour, AO. [Goth.aiwisks]

II.disgraced, shameless, indecent.

ǣwiscberendedisgraceful, shameful, WW 26442.

ǣwisce=ǣwisc I.

ǣwisc-ferinend(Gl), -firina (NG) m.shameless sinner, publican.

ǣwisclicdisgraceful, infamous, OEG.

ǣwiscmōdashamed, abashed, cowed.

ǣwiscnesf.shameless conduct:reverence.

ǣwitam.counsellor,El455.

ǣwliclegal, lawful. adv. -līce.

±ǣwnianto marry, Æ.

ǣwnungf.wedlock, OEG.

ǣwulbasket with a narrow neck for catching fish, WW 18111. [?= cawl, BT]

ǣwumborenlawfully born, LL 76´.

ǣwung=ǣwnung

ǣwunge=ēawunge

ǣwyllm.stream, BC 1·542.

ǣ-wylm, -wylme =ǣwielm

æwyrdla=æfwyrdla

ǣwyrpm.throwing away:what is cast away:an abortion. [āweorpan]

ǣwysc-= æwisc-

æx==æcs,eax

æxe=asce

æxeȳrf.axe-head,Chr1012e. [ȳr]

æxfaruf. ‘apparatus,’naval expedition? (= æsc-? v. ES 37·184),Gl.

æxian=ascian

æxl=eaxl

æxs=æcs

āfǣdan=āfēdan

āfǣganto depict, figure, BH. [fāg]

āfǣgrian(æ)to ornament, adorn, BH.

ā-fælan, -fællan =āfyllan II.

āfǣmanto foam out,PPs118131.

āfǣranto frighten,PPs, Mk, Chr; AO, CP. [‘afear,’ ‘afeared’]

āfæst=ǣwfæst

āfæstanI.to fast, LL, W.

II.to let out on hire, MkR 121.

āfæstlainterj.certainly!assuredly!Æ.

āfæstnian(e)to fix upon, fasten, make firm, confirm, AO:enter, inscribe, Æ:build.

āfǣttianto fatten, anoint,APs226;LPs1405.

āfandelic=āfandodlic

āfandianto try, test, prove, tempt,Lk, Lcd; Æ, CP:find out, experience, Æ. āfandod (and āfanden?)approved, excellent, Æ.

āfand-igendlic, -odlicproved, approved, laudable. adv. -odlīce.

āfandungf.trial, Æ.

āfangennesf.reception, acceptance.

afara=eafora

āfaranto go out, depart, march, travel, Æ, AO;Da6. [‘afare’]

āfeallan7to fall down, fall in battle,Lk; CP:fall off, decay. [‘afalle’]

āfeallan=āfyllan

āfēdanto feed, nourish, bring up, maintain, support,Æ; AO:bring forth, produce. [‘afede’]

āfēganto join, DR (oe).

āfehtan(DR) =āfeohtan

āfellan=āfyllan

āfelle=ǣfelle

āfeohtan3to fight, fight against, attack, AO:tear out, destroy.

āfēon‘odisse,’PPs.

āfeormianto cleanse, purge, purify.

āfeormungf.scouring, cleansing, purging,Sc.

ā-feorran, -feorrian (CP) =āfierran

āfeorsianto remove, do away, expel, dispel, Æ:go away.

āfer=āfor

afera=eafora

āfēran=āfǣran

aferianto provide horses for team work(as service for a lord), v. ANS 109·73f.

ā-ferian(Gl), -ferran =āfierran

āferscanto become fresh,Bo8620.

āfersian=āfeorsian

āfestnian(WW 498) =āfæstnian

afetigan=hafetian

āfierran(eo, i, y)to remove, withdraw, depart:estrange from, take away, expel, drive away, CP. [feorr]

āfierrednes(y) f.removal, NC 270.

āfīgenfried,Gl.

āfilganto pursue,Gen1415.

āfindan3(= on-)to find, find out, discover, detect,Jn; Æ:experience, feel, Æ. [‘afind’]

āfir-= āfierr-, āfeor-, āfyr-

āfirðan(= y)to remove,Lcd1·294n.

āflægenpp. ofāflēan.

āflǣman=āflīeman

āflēan6to strip off, flay, GD.

āflēgan(DR) =āflīegan

āflēman=āflīeman

āflēon2, -flēoganto fly, flee away,Gu:fly from, escape. [‘aflee’]

āflēotan2to skim,Lcd.

āflīan=āflīegan

āflīegan(ī, ȳ)to put to flight, expel,Æ(ī). [‘afley’]

āflīeman(ȳ)to put to flight, expel, scatter, disperse, rout,Chr; CP:banish. [‘afleme’]

āflīgan=āflīegan

āflīgungf.attack?Lcd1·33812.

-āflīungv.mete-ā.

āflōwan7to flow, flow away or from, pass away, AO, CP.

āflȳg-, āflȳh- = āflīeg-

āflygennesf.attack(BT),Lcd1·3667.

āflȳman=āflīeman

āfōgian=āwōgian

afoln.power, might, LL (30422).

āfōn(= on-)to receive, take in, take,Mk, Ps:lay hold of, seize,MtR, Jul:hold up support. [‘afong’]

āfondian=āfandian

āforbitter, acid, sour, sharp:dire, fierce severe, harsh, impetuous. [OHG.eivar, eibar]

afora=eafora

āforhtianto be frightened, take fright, wonder at, Æ.

ā-frēfran, -frēfrianto comfort, console, make glad, CP. [frōfor]

āfrem-dan, -dianto alienate, Æ:become alienated.

āfremðan(VPs) =āfremdan

āfremðungf.alienation, VHy.

āfrēoðan2to froth,Lcd45b.

āfrēon(-ia, N)to deliver, free.

afslōg=ofslōg

after=æfter

āfūlianto become foul, putrefy, rot, be corrupt, defiled.

afulicperverse. v. ES 42·162.

āfulliendm.fuller, MkR 93.

āfunderare wk. pret. 3 sg. ofāfindan.

āfundennesf.invention, device, discovery, Æ.

āfȳlanto foul, stain, defile, corrupt,CP; Æ. [‘afile’]

āfyllanI.(w. g. or d.)to fill, fill up, replenish, satisfy,Æ; AO:complete, fulfil. [‘afill’].

II.(y = ie)to cause to fall, fell, beat down, overturn, subvert, demolish, abolish,Lk; Æ:slay, kill. [‘afelle’]

āfyndan=āfindan

āfyr-= āfierr-

āfȳranto emasculate. āfȳred (CP), āfȳrd pp. as sb.eunuch.

āfyrhtanto frighten, terrify, Æ, AO.

āfȳrida=āfȳred

āfyrran=āfierran

āfyrsian=āfeorsian

āfȳsan(intr.)to hasten:inspire with longing,Bl: (tr.)urge, impel, excite:drive away. [fūs]

āgam.proprietor, owner, GD 23011.

āgǣlanto hinder, keep back, preoccupy, detain, hold back, retard, delay, AO:neglect, CP:profane.

āgǣlwanto terrify, astonish, AO.

āgalan6to sound forth, sing, chant.

āgald= āgeald pret. 3 sg. ofāgieldan.

āgālianto become slack, CP 6518.

āganI.(conj. Wt 546)to own, possess, have, obtain,An, Bo, Ma, Mt; AO, CP:give, give up, deliver, restore:have to pay, ‘owe,’Mt, Lk:have to do, ANS 123·417. ā. ūtfind out, discover.

II.pret. 3 sg. of āginnan (onginnan).

āgān(conj. v.gān)to go, go by, pass(of time),Mk. of ā.go away:occur, befal, Æ:come forth, grow,Ps:approach:lose strength. [‘ago’]

āgangan=āgān

āgef.possessions, property. [ON.eiga]

agēan==ongēan

āgehwǣr=ǣhwǣr


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