[3]By specific gravity.The mixture of alcohol and water, taken as spirit in Mr. Gilpin’s tables, is that of which the specific gravity is 0·825 at 60° Fahr., water being unity at the same temperature. The specific gravity of water at 60° being 1000, at 62° it is 99,981. Hence, in order to compare the specific gravities given by Mr. Gilpin with those which would result when the specific gravity of water at 62° is taken at unity, all the former numbers must be divided by 99,981.Table of the Specific Gravities of different Mixtures, by Weight, of Alcohol and Water, at different Temperatures; constructed by Mr. Gilpin, for the use of the British Revenue on Spirits.Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.PureAlco-hol.100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol5Water.10Water.15Water.20Water.25Water.30Water.35Water.40Water.45Water.50Water.55Water.60Water.65Water.70Water.75Water.80Water.85Water.90Water.95Water.100Water.Deg.300·838960·849950·859570·868250·875850·882820·889210·895110·900540·905580·910230·914490·918470·922170·925630·928890·931910·934740·937410·939910·9422235·83672·84769·85729·86587·87357·88059·88701·89294·89839·90345·90811·91241·91640·92009·92355·92680·92986·93274·93541·93790·9402540·83445·84539·85507·86361·87184·87838·88481·89073·89617·90127·90596·91026·91428·91799·92151·92476·92783·93072·93341·93592·9382745·83214·84310·85277·86131·86905·87613·88255·88849·89396·89909·90380·90812·91211·91584·91937·92264·92570·92859·93131·93382·9362150·82977·84076·85042·85902·86676·87384·88030·88626·89174·89684·90160·90596·90997·91370·91723·92051·92358·92647·92919·93177·9341955·82736·83834·84802·85664·86441·87150·87796·88393·88945·89458·89933·90367·90768·91144·91502·91837·92145·92436·92707·92963·9320860·82500·83599·84568·85430·86208·86918·87569·88169·88720·89232·89707·90144·90549·90927·91287·91622·91933·92225·92499·92758·9300265·82262·83362·84334·85193·85976·86686·87337·87938·88490·89006·89479·89920·90328·90707·91066·91400·91715·92010·92283·92546·9279470·82023·83124·84092·84951·85736·86451·87105·87705·88254·88773·89252·89695·90104·90484·90847·91181·91493·91793·92069·92333·9258075·81780·82878·83851·84710·85496·86212·86864·87466·88018·88538·89018·89464·89872·90252·90617·90952·91270·91569·91849·92111·9236480·81530·82631·83603·84467·85248·85966·86622·87228·87776·88301·88781·89225·89639·90021·90385·90723·91046·91340·91622·91891·9214285·81291·82396·83371·84243·85036·85757·86411·87021·87590·88120·88609·89043·89460·89843·90209·90558·90882·91186·91465·91729·9196990·81044·82150·83126·84001·84797·85518·86172·86787·87360·87889·88376·88817·89230·89617·89988·90342·90688·90967·91248·91511·9175195·80794·81900·82877·83753·84550·85272·85928·86542·87114·87654·88146·88588·89003·89390·89763·90119·90443·90747·91029·91290·91531100·80548·81657·82630·83513·84038·85031·85688·86302·86879·87421·87915·883671·88769·89158·89536·89889·90215·90522·90805·91066·91310Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.PureAlco-hol.100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol5Water.10Water.15Water.20Water.25Water.30Water.35Water.40Water.45Water.50Water.Deg.300·838960·849950·859570·868250·875850·882820·889210·895110·900540·905580·9102335·83672·84769·85729·86587·87357·88059·88701·89294·89839·90345·9081140·83445·84539·85507·86361·87184·87838·88481·89073·89617·90127·9059645·83214·84310·85277·86131·86905·87613·88255·88849·89396·89909·9038050·82977·84076·85042·85902·86676·87384·88030·88626·89174·89684·9016055·82736·83834·84802·85664·86441·87150·87796·88393·88945·89458·8993360·82500·83599·84568·85430·86208·86918·87569·88169·88720·89232·8970765·82262·83362·84334·85193·85976·86686·87337·87938·88490·89006·8947970·82023·83124·84092·84951·85736·86451·87105·87705·88254·88773·8925275·81780·82878·83851·84710·85496·86212·86864·87466·88018·88538·8901880·81530·82631·83603·84467·85248·85966·86622·87228·87776·88301·8878185·81291·82396·83371·84243·85036·85757·86411·87021·87590·88120·8860990·81044·82150·83126·84001·84797·85518·86172·86787·87360·87889·8837695·80794·81900·82877·83753·84550·85272·85928·86542·87114·87654·88146100·80548·81657·82630·83513·84038·85031·85688·86302·86879·87421·87915Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol100Alco-hol55Water.60Water.65Water.70Water.75Water.80Water.85Water.90Water.95Water.100Water.Deg.300·914490·918470·922170·925630·928890·931910·934740·937410·939910·9422235·91241·91640·92009·92355·92680·92986·93274·93541·93790·9402540·91026·91428·91799·92151·92476·92783·93072·93341·93592·9382745·90812·91211·91584·91937·92264·92570·92859·93131·93382·9362150·90596·90997·91370·91723·92051·92358·92647·92919·93177·9341955·90367·90768·91144·91502·91837·92145·92436·92707·92963·9320860·90144·90549·90927·91287·91622·91933·92225·92499·92758·9300265·89920·90328·90707·91066·91400·91715·92010·92283·92546·9279470·89695·90104·90484·90847·91181·91493·91793·92069·92333·9258075·89464·89872·90252·90617·90952·91270·91569·91849·92111·9236480·89225·89639·90021·90385·90723·91046·91340·91622·91891·9214285·89043·89460·89843·90209·90558·90882·91186·91465·91729·9196990·88817·89230·89617·89988·90342·90688·90967·91248·91511·9175195·88588·89003·89390·89763·90119·90443·90747·91029·91290·91531100·883671·88769·89158·89536·89889·90215·90522·90805·91066·91310Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.95Alco-hol90Alco-hol85Alco-hol80Alco-hol75Alco-hol70Alco-hol65Alco-hol60Alco-hol55Alco-hol50Alco-hol45Alco-hol40Alco-hol35Alco-hol30Alco-hol25Alco-hol20Alco-hol15Alco-hol10Alco-hol5Alco-hol100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.Deg.300·944470·946750·949200·951730·954290·956810·959440·962090·964700·967190·969670·972000·974180·976350·978600·981080·984120·988040·9933435·94249·94484·94734·94988·95246·95502·95772·96048·96315·96579·96840·97086·97319·97556·97801·98076·98397·98804·9934440·94058·94295·94547·94802·95060·95328·95602·95879·96159·96434·96706·96967·97220·97472·97737·98033·98373·98795·9934545·93860·94096·94348·94605·94871·95143·95423·95703·95993·96280·96563·96840·97110·97384·97666·97980·98338·98774·9933850·93658·93897·94149·94414·94683·94958·95243·95534·95831·96126·96420·96708·96995·97284·97589·97920·98293·98745·9931655·93452·93696·93948·94213·94486·94767·95057·95357·95662·95966·96272·96575·96877·97181·97500·97847·98239·98702·9928460·93247·93493·93749·94018·94296·94579·94876·95181·95493·95804·96122·96437·96752·97074·97410·97771·98176·98654·9924465·93040·93285·93546·93822·94099·94388·94689·95000·95318·95635·95962·96288·96620·96959·97309·97688·98106·98594·9919470·92828·93076·93337·93616·93898·94193·94500·94813·95139·95469·95802·96143·96484·96836·97203·97596·98028·98527·9913475·92613·92865·93132·93413·93695·93989·94301·94623·94957·95292·95638·95987·96344·96708·97086·97495·97943·98454·9906680·92393·92646·92917·93201·93488·93785·94102·94431·94768·95111·95467·95826·96192·96568·96963·97385·97845·98367·98991Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.95Alco-hol90Alco-hol85Alco-hol80Alco-hol75Alco-hol70Alco-hol65Alco-hol60Alco-hol55Alco-hol50Alco-hol100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.Deg.300·944470·946750·949200·951730·954290·956810·959440·962090·964700·9671935·94249·94484·94734·94988·95246·95502·95772·96048·96315·9657940·94058·94295·94547·94802·95060·95328·95602·95879·96159·9643445·93860·94096·94348·94605·94871·95143·95423·95703·95993·9628050·93658·93897·94149·94414·94683·94958·95243·95534·95831·9612655·93452·93696·93948·94213·94486·94767·95057·95357·95662·9596660·93247·93493·93749·94018·94296·94579·94876·95181·95493·9580465·93040·93285·93546·93822·94099·94388·94689·95000·95318·9563570·92828·93076·93337·93616·93898·94193·94500·94813·95139·9546975·92613·92865·93132·93413·93695·93989·94301·94623·94957·9529280·92393·92646·92917·93201·93488·93785·94102·94431·94768·95111Tem-pera-ture,Fahr.45Alco-hol40Alco-hol35Alco-hol30Alco-hol25Alco-hol20Alco-hol15Alco-hol10Alco-hol5Alco-hol100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.100Water.Deg.300·969670·972000·974180·976350·978600·981080·984120·988040·9933435·96840·97086·97319·97556·97801·98076·98397·98804·9934440·96706·96967·97220·97472·97737·98033·98373·98795·9934545·96563·96840·97110·97384·97666·97980·98338·98774·9933850·96420·96708·96995·97284·97589·97920·98293·98745·9931655·96272·96575·96877·97181·97500·97847·98239·98702·9928460·96122·96437·96752·97074·97410·97771·98176·98654·9924465·95962·96288·96620·96959·97309·97688·98106·98594·9919470·95802·96143·96484·96836·97203·97596·98028·98527·9913475·95638·95987·96344·96708·97086·97495·97943·98454·9906680·95467·95826·96192·96568·96963·97385·97845·98367·98991Experiments were made, by direction of the committee, to verify Gilpin’s tables, which showed that the error introduced in ascertaining the strength of spirits by tables founded on Gilpin’s numbers must be quite insensible in the practice of the revenue. The discrepancies thus detected, on a mixture of a given strength, did not amount in any one instance to unity in the fourth place of decimals. From a careful inspection of such documents the committee are of opinion, that Gilpin’s tables possess a degree of accuracy far surpassing what could be expected, and sufficiently perfect for all practical or scientific purposes.The following table is given by Mr. Lubbock, for converting theapparentspecific gravity, orindication, into true specific gravity:—Indi-ca-tion.-Temperature+Indi-ca-tion.30°32°37°42°47°52°57°62°67°72°77°80°·82·00083·00078·00065·00052·00039·00025·00012·00011·00024·00035·00042·82·83·00084·00079·00066·00052·00039·00026·00012·00012·00024·00036·00042·83·84·00085·00080·00066·00053·00039·00026·00013·00012·00024·00036·00043·84·85·00086·00081·00067·00054·00040·00026·00013·00012·00025·00037·00043·85·86·00087·00082·00068·00054·00040·00027·00013·00012·00025·00037·00044·86·87·00088·00083·00069·00055·00041·00027·00013·00012·00025·00037·00044·87·88·00089·00084·00070·00055·00041·00027·00013·00012·00026·00038·00045·88·89·00090·00085·00070·00055·00042·00028·00013·00012·00026·00038·00045·89·90·00091·00085·00071·00056·00042·00028·00014·00013·00026·00039·00046·90·91·00092·00086·00072·00057·00043·00028·00014·00013·00026·00039·00046·91·92·00093·00087·00073·00058·00043·00029·00014·00013·00027·00040·00047·92·93·00094·00088·00073·00059·00044·00029·00014·00013·00027·00040·00047·93·94·00095·00089·00074·00059·00044·00029·00014·00013·00027·00040·00048·94·95·00096·00090·00075·00060·00045·00029·00014·00013·00028·00041·00048·95·96·00097·00091·00076·00060·00045·00030·00014·00013·00028·00041·00049·96·97·00098·00092·00077·00061·00046·00030·00015·00014·00028·00042·00049·97·98·00099·00093·00077·00062·00046·00030·00015·00014·00028·00042·00050·98·99·00100·00094·00078·00062·00047·00031·00015·00014·00029·00043·00050·991·00·00101·00095·00079·00063·00047·00031·000151·00
[3]By specific gravity.
[3]By specific gravity.
The mixture of alcohol and water, taken as spirit in Mr. Gilpin’s tables, is that of which the specific gravity is 0·825 at 60° Fahr., water being unity at the same temperature. The specific gravity of water at 60° being 1000, at 62° it is 99,981. Hence, in order to compare the specific gravities given by Mr. Gilpin with those which would result when the specific gravity of water at 62° is taken at unity, all the former numbers must be divided by 99,981.
Table of the Specific Gravities of different Mixtures, by Weight, of Alcohol and Water, at different Temperatures; constructed by Mr. Gilpin, for the use of the British Revenue on Spirits.
Experiments were made, by direction of the committee, to verify Gilpin’s tables, which showed that the error introduced in ascertaining the strength of spirits by tables founded on Gilpin’s numbers must be quite insensible in the practice of the revenue. The discrepancies thus detected, on a mixture of a given strength, did not amount in any one instance to unity in the fourth place of decimals. From a careful inspection of such documents the committee are of opinion, that Gilpin’s tables possess a degree of accuracy far surpassing what could be expected, and sufficiently perfect for all practical or scientific purposes.
The following table is given by Mr. Lubbock, for converting theapparentspecific gravity, orindication, into true specific gravity:—