manshort for the vocative ofmáma, ‘mother’.má=mala.mā̀n1onomatopoetic word for the lowing sound of a cow or a water buffalo.2a cow or water buffalo (child’s talk).v[A; b6]low, produce a lowing sound.ma-1future verb affix. (Past:na-.Subjunctive:ma-.)1potential of the direct passive. (See-un1for meanings of the direct passive. Seemaka-for meanings of the potential.)Mapalit nà nímu bísag ása,You can buy that anywhere.Wà ku pa mabása,I haven’t had a chance to read it.Uy! Dì man diayákù ning nadá nákung pitáka,Heavens, I took s.o. else’s purse by mistake.2potential of the instrumental passive. (Seei-1for meanings of the instrumental passive.)Dì ni mabaligyà kay mahal da kaáyu ang prisyu,You can’t sell this because it’s too expensive.Wà pa nákù mahátag níya kay wà pa siya muabut,I haven’t had a chance to give it to him because he hasn’t arrived.Halá! Nabungat ra ba nákù ang sikrítu,Oh God! I let out the secret.3active of stative verbs:may become [so-and-so].Ayaw nag hikápa. Magubà unyà nà,Don’t touch that. It might break.Ilhan nga mulubad nang panaptúna ug mapula ang túbig,You’ll know the cloth runs if the water turns red.Nawálà ang ákung singsing,My ring got lost.3awith roots that refer to nonvolitional actions:[do].Matingála siya ug ngánu tu,He will be amazed at why it should be so.Wà ku mabaláka,I am not worried.Mahū́g unyà ka ug mabálì ang sanga,You will fall if the branch breaks.Ug matúlug na sila,When they are asleep.Mahadluk ku,I am afraid.Dì ka ba malúuy níya?Don’t you feel sorry for him?3bwith nouns:become [so-and-so].Ug maduktur ka na,When you get to be a doctor.3cwith nouns which refer to a place:wind up in [such-and-such] a place.Malangit kag maimpirnu ba?Will you go to heaven or will you go to hell?Mauspital giyud kag pasagdan lang nà nímung sakíta,You’ll end up in the hospital if you let your sickness go.3dwith nouns referring to time: get to be [such-and-such] a time.Ug maalas tris na gánì, mulakaw na ku,If it gets to be three o’clock, I’ll leave.Ug magabíi nag wà pa siya,If it gets to be nightfall and he hasn’t arrived.3e(only with the future) when [such-and-such] a time or season comes about.Magkítà ra silag mapista,They only see each other during fiestas.Tábù dinhi ug maduminggu,They hold market here on Sundays.ma-21affix added to most adjective roots which do not refer to a measurement to form adjectives which mean ‘very [so-and-so]’. This formation is used in literary or formal styles.Usa ka mapait nga pahíyum,A very bitter smile.2added to some verbs to form adjectives meaning [do]ing, usually with a short penult.Bátang mahilak,A crybaby.Matulug,Of a sleepy sort.Matawa,Full of laughter.ma-ánunalternant ofma-un, used with some bases in place ofma-un.Masuk-ánun,Tending to get irritated.máasaold, aged.Bisan máas na siya tisar gihápung mulakaw,He may be old, but he still walks erect.v[B]become old.Kun mumáas na ang kalbásà dílì na maútan,When a squash becomes too old, it is no longer good to eat.maáyuseeáyu.mabà=mubù.mabawa1shallow.Mabaw ra kaáyu nang ímung pangatarúngan,Your reasoning is very shallow.Dì kalanguyan nang subáa kay mabaw,You can’t swim in that river. It’s too shallow.Ang baskit nga mabaw ug lubut diyútayg sulud,A shallow basket holds little.Mabaw nga panaksan,Shallow bowl.2in set expressions:— ug lubutsensitive or quick to anger.Muhílak diay bísag kumidiya ra. Kamabaw nímug lubut uy,Why did you cry when it was just a joke? How sensitive you are!3— ug salabútanunintelligent.Dúgay siyang kasabut kay mabaw rag salabútan,She doesn’t understand readily because she is unintelligent.v[B; b7c1]become shallow.Imabaw (mabwa) lang pagkálut ang tamnan ug kamúti,Just make the hole for the sweet potatoes shallow.hi-/ha-(→)seehimábawunderbabaw.-g-shallow (plural).i-nplace above s.t.Imabaw sa kaban nákù gibutang ang libru,I put the book on top of the trunk.-in-, -in-g-v[a12]do in a shallow way.Kun minagbáwun lang ni nátù pagsabut ang giisplikar sa maistru, dílì giyud ta makapasar,If you fail to understand (lit. understand shallowly) what the teacher explained, you won’t pass.ka-(←)nhalf brother, sister.Kamábaw ku siya kay paríhu mig inahan,He is my half brother because we have the same mother.v[A23]be half brothers, sisters.mabdusa1pregnant.2for rice grains to be in the panicle.Mabdus na ang humay,The rice grains are forming.v1[B26]get, make pregnant.Mimabdus si Maríya kay hagithagitun kaáyu,Maria got pregnant because she was flirtatious.1a[A1; c]carry in the womb.Gimabdus nà siya pagkamatay sa íyang amahan,He was in his mother’s womb when his father died.2[B]for rice grains to form in the panicle.3[B1]for borrowed things to have been kept too long.Dúgay kaáyu nímung giúlì ang ákung libru. Mimabdus na nà,You kept my book too long (lit. so long that it got pregnant).4[B1]— sa pasáligget fooled by assurances (lit. got pregnant because of promises).Daghan nang mimabdus sa pasálig sa mga pulitiku,Many people have been fooled by the politician’s assurances.pa-v[A; c2]get s.o. pregnant.Gipamabdus (gipamabdúsan) si Maríya niPidru,Pedro got Maria pregnant.mabgas=malubgas.mabúlunk.o. medium-sized tree of the primary forest, cultivated for its fruit. The wood is hard and used for furniture, the heartwood being nearly black:Diospyros discolor.mad-asaland that has dried up.v[B1]be, become dry land.Nagmad-as ang pilapilan nga walà na makultibar,The rice paddies are dry after being left uncultivated.mádilnfashion model.v1[A1; c]model s.t.2[B156; a2]be a fashion model.-un(→)ahaving a body like a model.madrastanstepmother.madri1nnun.— dipamilyawoman head of the family.— supiryúramother superior.v[B156; a]be, become a nun.paka-v[A; a12]pretend to be a nun, treat like a nun.madrihunahaving ways or traits of a nun.Madrihun kaáyug nawung bayhána, inusinti kaáyug dagway,That woman is like a nun. Such an innocent face.madri2nmain frame of a door or window shutter.v[c1]make a main frame of a shutter.madri kakawnsmall ornamental tree flowering profusely with pink or lavender blooms, used for firewood and fencing:Gliricidia sepium.madri míyaan exclamation of alarm, surprise, or disgust mainly by speakers who have been under Spanish influence.Madri míya, tingálig mahū́g nang bátà,My God! Watch out, the baby is going to fall.Madri míya! Nabúhat nímu tu!My God! You actually did that!madrínangodmother, the female sponsor at one’s baptism, wedding, confirmation, or ordination.v[B136; c1]be, become themadrína.madyikn1magic involving supernatural powers.2sleight-of-hand trick.Nalingaw ang mga bátà sa ákung madyik,The children enjoyed my tricks.v1[A1; a2]practice magic.2[A; a]steal s.t. small.Huy, kinsay nagmadyik sa ákung bulpin diri?Hey, who swiped my ball point pen?-írunmagician.madyung1n1sandspurs, k.o. coarse grass growing about 1′ that bears spikes with rows of round burrs, around ¼″ in diameter.2the burrs of this grass.ka-v[A13]get sandspurs all over one.madyung2nmahjong.awin the mahjong set.Pung! Madyung ku, Bingo!I get mahjong!v1[A3; a]play mahjong.Dílì na lang ta magdúlag baráha. Madyúngun ta na lang ni,Let’s not play cards. Let’s just play mahjong.2[A12]win at mahjong.Wà pa ku makamadyung,I haven’t gotten mahjong yet.-an(→)n1mahjong den.2mahjong set.3piece needed to get ‘mahjong’.Ang madyungan ni Turuy tris sirkulu,Toroy is waiting for the three circle piece.-íru,-íraamahjong addict.madyuritndrum majorette.v[B16; a2]be a majorette.mag-durative active verbal affix, future. (Past:nag-orga-.Subjunctive:mag-.)Magmata sila árung urása,They are awake at this time.Nagmata (or gamata) pa ba kahà sila?Do you think they are still awake?Walà na sila magmata,They are not awake any more. Verbs withmag-,nag-have the following meanings (as opposed to verbs withmi-,mu-—seemu-):1action not necessarily intentional.Walà siya magsulti,He didn’t say.Walà ku maghátag níya ánang librúha,I didn’t give him that book.2durative action, action or state continuing in time.Wà na siya maghilak,He isn’t crying any more.Ug magtindug ang mga táwu sa atubángan, dì mi makakità,If the people in front are standing, we won’t be able to see.2aadded to nouns.Ug magkalayu na ang kakugnan háyag kaáyu ang lángit,When the fields are ablaze, the skies light up.Human sa púlù ka gutlù, ang puthaw magbaga,After ten seconds the steel will glow.3added to verbs referring to a state:be in [such-and-such] a state.Ug mag-abri ang pultahan, musulud giyud ang lángaw,If the door is open, the flies are sure to come in.Walà na magtuyuk ang ligid,The wheel is no longer turning.3aadded to adjectives: be [adj.].Magmalipáyun ta,Let us be happy.Mawà kay hitsúra ug magpula nang ímung nawung,You will not look good if your face is all red.3badded to words referring to a state of the weather.Atúa giyud siya sa dágat, magbálud kinig maglínaw,He is at sea, whether it is wavy or calm.Mag-ulan kag mag-ínit,Rain or shine (lit. whether you are rainy or shining).4referring to an action which redounded on the agent:do [so-and-so] to oneself.Mag-ílis pa ku,I will change my clothes.Gustu kung maglumus,I want to drown myself.4aadded to nouns:become a [so-and-so].Magpárì ku,I will become a priest.Magsirkadur tingáli ning bataána,This child probably wants to become a trapeze artist.5referring to an action which two or more people did with each other. (Verbs withmag-of this sort always have penultimate stress.)Didtu sila mag-ábut,They met in that place.Magsákay ta,Let us ride together.Ug maglagyù pagkabutang ang mga balay,If the houses are far apart from one another.5awith nouns:be in the [noun] relation.Magkumpári kami ug akuy pakugúsun sa íyang anak,We will bekumpári’sif I become his child’s godfather.Mag-amígu lang ta,Let’s be friends.maga-alternative form formag-in meanings2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4. Words withmaga-can substitute for the examples there given.Magahatnpagan non-Cebuano peoples in the mountains (applies to pagans in Negros and in Mindanao).v[A13]be very touchy.Ug napildi ka ug dakù magmagahat diay ka?You are touchy just because you lost heavily?magalyánisndowntown shopping district of Cebu (after the name of Magallanes Street, which formerly was the principal shopping street in Cebu).magang, mágangv[BN]for corn to flower.Inigmagang sa mais, mugítib na ang lugas,When the corn flowers, the grains begin to develop.magasin1nmagazine, periodical.magasin2nammunition clip for automatic firearms.magaynmaguey, cultivated as a source of sisal fiber:Agave cantalaorsisalana.(←)v[A]make into sisal hemp.magay mágaynornamental plant similar to the maguey but smaller in size:Sansevieria spp.magaya=malagaya.MagindánawnMuslims of Cotabato and Zamboanga del Sur.magka-durative active future for verbs referring to a state: be, becoming more and more [so-and-so]. (Past:nagka-.Subjunctive:magka-.) Verbs with this affix always have a stressed final syllable.Imbis nga magkakusug, nagkahinay hinúun,Instead of getting faster and faster, it was getting slower and slower.Wà lagi magkaduul ang bapur nganhi, nagkalayù hinúun,The boat is not coming nearer. It’s actually getting further and further away.magka-(←)potential active verb affix, future. (Past:nagka-. Subjunctive:magka-.) Used with verbs referring to mutual actions (cf.mag-1, 5) but otherwise paralleling the potential meanings listed undermaka-.1can [do] with each other.Dì tang tanan magkasákay,We cannot all ride together.2manage to [do] with each other.Wà mi magkasábut,We didn’t manage to come to an agreement.Nagkaábut sila sa tungàtúngà,They met in the middle.3happen to [do] with each other.Ug magkakítà gánì ang ímung babáyig asáwa,If your mistress and your wife happen to run into each other.mag-l-alternant ofmag-r-, and usually in competition with it, but with some roots onlymag-r-is frequent or the form withmag-r-has acquired a different nuance.Magbalantay,Watchman.Magbuluhat ug mga mwiblis,Furniture maker.maglalatiknk.o. folk dance in which half coconut shells are knocked to the rhythm of the accompanying music.magnisyanmilk of magnesia.— simplia half dose of milk of magnesia (as opposed to— dubli, the full dose).magnitn1magnet.2kissing scene (slang—from the notion that the faces come together as if magnetized).Daghang magnit ánang salidáha,There are plenty of kissing scenes in that movie.3syúgar —sugar magnate.v[A; a]1pick up with a magnet.2swipe, steal, spirit away.Kinsay nagmagnit sa ákung bálùn?Who swiped my lunch?3[C]kiss one another usually in a show (slang).awon over.Inigkanta nímu, magnit na silang tanan,When you sing, they’ll all be won over.mag-r-nprefix added to verbs to form nouns which refer to one who does [verb] on a regular basis.Magbabantay,Watchman.Magsusúlat,Writer.Magpapatigayun,Businessman.Magyuyutà,Landowner or farmer.Magbubúhat,The Creator (God) or one who does.magsúunsee*súun.magtalisaynk.o. tree similar in shape and appearance to thetalísay, but with smaller leaves and harder wood:Terminalia sp.mágun1magi.2s.o. outstanding, expert.Mágu sa kinablit,A wizard at the guitar.mágùntarsier.magus=amagus.máhanname given to various puddings and confections.— blangkapudding made of kernels of young corn and coconut milk or just plain milk.— diúbia pudding made ofúbiand coconut milk.— riyalcandy made out of peanuts, milk, and sugar.mahala1dear, expensive.Mahal na kaáyu ang bugas karun,Rice is very expensive now.Magbáyad kag mahal sa ímung gibúhat,You shall pay dearly for what you have done.2beloved.Siya ang ákung mahal (minahal) nga bána,He is my beloved husband.3blessed (address to saints).Pasalamáti ang Mahal nga Birhin,Give thanks to the Blessed Virgin.4— nga adlawthe days of the Lenten season.5in set phrases: very little, almost without.— ug pahíyumstingy withthe smiles.— ug tíngugweak-voiced.v1[B; ab7]become expensive, go up in price.Basta Amirkánu mupalit, mahalun giyug baligyà,For an American the price is always jacked up.2[A; a12]love.Ang mga bayáni nagmahal sa ílang yútang natawhan,Heroes love their native land.Gimahal ku ikaw,I love you.-in-nbeloved, dear one.ka-an(←)nmajesty (address to royalty).Matúman ang ímung gihangyù, kamahálan,Your order will be fulfilled, Your Majesty.-l-un(←), -un(←)aprecious.-unadear or costly kind.ma-in-un(←)aloving, affectionate.mahan=man kahà(dialectal).seeman.maharlikanthe name given to the native nobles in pre-Hispanic times.máhaynfeelings of hurt and regret at what s.o. did.Arun walay máhay apúran ta kamung tanan,So there will be no hurt feelings, I’ll give you each one.v[A; b3c5]have feelings of hurt.Nagmáhay kung napalit ku tung sapatúsa,I’m sorry I bought those shoes.Ikay ákung gimaháyan sa nahitabù,I blame you for (lit. you are the reason I’m regretting) what happened.Gikamaháyan ta ka kay wà ka mudúaw nákù,You hurt me because you did not pay me a visit.walay —v[A13]there was nobody that felt bad, said in two situations: when people who attack on s.o. are beaten up instead (i.e., they cannot blame anyone but themselves), and when people who set on s.o. are unsuccessful (i.e., no one felt bad because they were successful).mahikanmagic.mahikunword referring to an unknown location when asking or giving a location, usually used in anger.Lupad ngadtu sa mahiku, animála ka,Get out, I don’t care where, you beast.Ambut ásang mahikúha tu nákù ikabutang ang pisti nga hunsuy,I don’t know where the heck I left that blinkety-blank pipe.mahistrádunjudge.v[B156; a12]be made, become a judge.mahuganinmahogany.maigangnmedium to large tree of the primary forest, with fruit similar in flavor and taste tolungbuy:Eugenia polycephaloides.mailúku=mamilúku.ma-in-un(←), ma-in-ánunalternant ofma-unused with some bases in place ofma-un.Matinabángun,Helpful.Masinabtánun,Full of understanding.maisn1maize, the corn plant or any part of it.1abugas —corn grits.Mahal na ang prisyu sa bugas mais karun,The price of corn grits has increased.v[A1]have corn grits as one’s staple food.Nagmais lang mi kay barátu man kay sa humay,We had corn grits as our staple food because it is cheaper than rice.-an, ka-an, -alncornfield.v[A1; a12]have a cornfield.maismáisn1ornamental plant similar to the corn plant, and growing up to 3′:Dracaena sanderianaandD.fragrans.2folding knife with a handle that is made of sheet metal, molded into the form of an ear of corn.3name given to the largest species of flying fish (bangsi).-un=maismáis,3.maistran1female teacher.1aterm of address or title for a teacher.Nía na si Maistra Lúling,Here is Mrs. Loling, the teacher.2education course.Maistra ang gikúhang kursu ni Pirla,Perla is majoring in Education.(→)voc.teacher, ma’am.v1[A; b6]for a woman to teach.Tunghaan nga gimaistráhan ni Sunya,The school where Sonia is teaching.2[B156; a1]be a (female) teacher.Maistráhun ku ning ákung anak,I’ll make my daughter into a teacher.ubra —seeubra.maistrun1, 1a=maistra(male).2education course.3the leader or instigator of activity, usually bad.Ikay maistru sa tanang mga binúang,You are the instigator of all the foolishness.4band or orchestra master.Pasakalyi, maistru, kay mukanta ku,Introduction, maestro. I shall sing now.— ámuboatswain.— kusiníruchief cook.v1[A; a]teach.2[B6; a1]be a teacher. †maka-1potential active verb affix, future. (Past:naka-.Subjunctive:maka-.Short form:ka-.)Dì ku makaalsa (kaalsa) niánà,I cannot lift that.Nakatilaw (katilaw) na ku niánà,I have tried that.Wà ku makasakay (kasakay),I couldn’t get a ride.1refers to an action s.o. has the capability of doing. (Only the future form is used in this meaning.)Makamau na kung mukinatsilà sa nag-idad kug diyis,I knew how to speak Spanish when I was ten years old.2refers to an action which one had the opportunity or managed to do.Ug makaadtu ku sa inyu human sa paniudtu, muhapit ku,If I get a chance to go to your place after lunch, I’ll drop in.Wà ku makalakaw kay síging abut ang mga bisíta,I didn’t have a chance to go out because we kept having visitors.2awith nouns:manage to get.Ug trís ákung mahulbut run, makamadyung ku,If I draw a three, I will get mahjong.Niíning trabahúa hálus ta makasininà,With this work I can hardly earn enough to buy a shirt.3refers to an accidental or unintentional action.Diriyut siya makaihì sa dihang gilatigu siya sa íyanginahan,Her mother whipped her so hard she nearly wet her pants.Makaingun kag nindut ug makakità ka,Once you see it, you won’t be able to help exclaiming at how beautiful it is.maka-2short form:ka-4naffix added to numbers to form words which mean [do so-and-so] many times.Makapila (kapila) ku na ikaw ingna?How many times did I tell you?Makaduha na ku malígù didtu,I have gone swimming there twice.Makadaghan na ku mabiktima,I have been victimized many times.makahiyà=kipìkipì.seekipì.makalibri=kalibri2.makann1macan, k.o. large-grained rice of wet fields, highly prized for ordinary eating.2k.o. very fat pig.aobese.Gwapahun untang bayhána apan makan lang,She’s quite beautiful, only she’s fat.makapunù(frompunù)nvariety of coconut which produces ordinary fruit and once in a while fruit which are completely full of soft meat, slightly harder near the shell. Themakapunùfruit is highly esteemed and is used for sweets.maka-r-affix added to verbs referring to a state to form adjectives which mean cause s.o. to get into [such-and-such] a state to a great extent. Forms with this affix usually have long penults.Makasusúbung hitabù,A very saddening event.Makalulúuy,Inspiring pity.Makalalagut,Angering.makarúninmacaroni.v[A13]cook a macaroni dish.Makawn1Chinaman from Macao.2Chinaman in a restaurant business (so called because many cooks in Chinese restaurants immigrated from Macao).lútung —seelútù.máki1na large, enamel-coated, round, metal platter, 18″ or so in diameter for holding cooked rice or corn.máki2na Chinese dish of sliced meats, stewed and thickened with cornstarch.makig-(←)prefix added to bases with a prefixpakig-to indicate future, volitional active forms.Past:nakig-.Subjunctive:makig-. No durative or potential forms. (Seepakig-for meanings.)Short forms:kig-andtig-.Makigkáun (kigkáun, tigkáun) siya nákù sa gawas,He wants to take me out to eat.Nakig-áway siyag dakung táwu,He picked a fight with a large person.Walà ku makigpustaánay níya,I did not challenge him to bet.makinan1machine.2engine.Dílì na muandar ang makina sa awtu,The automobile engine won’t start.3sewing machine.Ang makina kinahanglánun kaáyu sa sastri,A sewing machine is a necessity to a dressmaker.4— sa bugascorn, rice mill.— dimuturnmotorized machine, engine.v[a12]1do by machine.Ayawg kinamuta nà pagtahì, makinaha nà,Don’t sew it with your hands. Do it by machine.2put an engine s.w.makinaryan1machinery, set of machinery put together for a specific use.2machinery, set of activities or groups organized to accomplish s.t.Ang makinarya sa Partídu Libiral,The machinery of the Liberal Party.makinilyan1typewriter.2clipper to trim hair.3windlass.v1[A; a2]type.Makinilyáhun giyud basta sulat nga aplikisiyun,Letters of application should be typed.1a[A; a12]hit with a number of rapid blows, as if punching a typewriter.Gimakinilya nákù siyag dyab,I hit him with a rapid-fire succession of jabs.2cut hair with a clipper.-ádu, -in-atypewritten.†makinistanengine man, machine operator.v[B16; a2]become an engine man.makinítan1process of embroidery done by pricking the needle over the design on the top side of the cloth until the whole design is completed, after which the design on the bottom side is trimmed. The top becomes the right side.2needle for this sort of embroidery.v[A; a2]embroider in this method.makmakv1[A; a1]pound s.t. hard with s.t.Makmáka ang puthaw samtang ínit pa,Pound the iron while it is hot.2[A; ab2]beat severely, pound.2a— ug kasábà, sulti[A; a12]scold severely, lambast.Dì ka ángay mumakmak níyag kasábà kay dì ka ginikánan,You have no right to scold him severely because you are not his father.makra=marka.maksut=laksut.mákù=dakù(dialectal).— dyamùvery big.Mákù dyamù ang ílang báy,They have a huge house.makúpank.o. small tree cultivated for its red, top-shaped fruits, with white, spongy meat and a mild flavor, a large meaty variety of theSyzygium samarangense. The same genus astambis,but much firmer of flesh.maln1in billiards, a false shot causing one to lose his turn.2unlucky number.Daghang mahadluk sa numiru trísi kay mal kunu,Lots of people are afraid of thirteen because it is said to be an unlucky number.v[B126]make a bad shot.Mamal kag láin ang maigù sa bulamánu,You lose your turn if you hitthe wrong ball.— numiru=mal,n2.— tirádanin billiards, a shot that is not well executed.Mal tiráda tung ímu kay layù ra kaáyu sa lungag ang ímung gitiráhan,That was a bad shot. The target ball was a mile from the pocket.malaa1dry, not wet.Mala na ang mga hinayhay,The clothes that were hung up are dry now.2not displaying lively attention, disinterested.Tingálig dì siya muapil kay mala siya ug tinubagan,He probably won’t participate because he gave a disinterested answer.v1[APB; a2]dry up, become dried.Mimala ang mga sapà,The rivers dried up.Ang kaínit sa adlaw mauy mumala (mupamala) sa mga basakan,The heat of the sun will dry the rice fields up.Nag-úsik lang sa panahun ang nagmala (nagpamala) íning salúga,Whoever dried this floor off was just wasting his time.Tiil nga makamalag (makapamalag) basakan,Big feet (lit. that can dry up a rice paddy).Namad-an ug singut ang íyang bukubuku,The sweat on his back has dried up.2[A13]be uninteresting, boring.Wà ku mutiwas sa sini kay nagmala lang,I did not see the movie to the end because it was boring.2a[b4]— sa dugùbecome pale.Pagpangutána sa pulis, gimad-an sa dugù ang nawung sa dalága,The lady’s face became pale when the policeman questioned her.ma-nland.Ang ubang bakì nagpuyù sa túbig, ug ang uban sa mamala,Some frogs live in water and some on land.tilapya sa ma-nprostitute (humorous).kamad-annupland rice field.malabagákaynk.o. rattan used in house building.malabanu=gwayabanu.malabutangnk.o. rattan used in construction.malagayank.o. white-husked rice with very small, roundish, white grains, used in preparation of medicinal rice cakes or mixed with medicinal plants in poultices.Malakanyan, MalakanyangnMalacañang, the Philippine Presidential Palace.mal-ama1old in age.2grown up, but not doing things befitting one’s age (derogatory).Mal-am na, lubut gihápuy ilingkud,He is already grown but he hasn’t got anything upstairs (lit. all he does with his buttocks is sit on them—a readily understood circumlocution which avoids stating outright a hurtful truth).malangsink.o. sardine or small herring, growing to 4″ long and 1″ wide.malapatink.o. fish.malapi(not withoutl)kumpradur di-none who buys goods which he knows the seller has no right to dispose of.v[B1256]be a buyer of stolen goods.Makumpradur dimalapi giyud ka kun makapalit ka niánang kináwat,You’ll be a buyer of stolen goods if you buy that stolen article.malapuntink.o. red deep-sea fish with big reddish scales, 2′ by 6″, similar to a snapper, but with a filament projecting from the tip of the tail.malaryanmalaria.v[A123P; a4]get, cause to get malaria.Way lamuk nga makamalarya (makapamalarya) dinhi,There are no mosquitoes here that cause malaria.Tambáli ang gimalarya,Give medicine to the man with malaria.malaryahunahaving malaria.málasseedimálas.malasádu, malasáwuasoft-boiled, half-cooked.Malasádung itlug,Soft-boiled eggs.Ang atay malasádu nga pagkalútù,The liver was cooked rare.v[A1B26; a2]come out soft, rare, cause to do so.malasugi, malasúginswordfish or sailfish:Xiphias gladius, et al.malatáluabananas that are almost full-grown (but still far from ripe).Basta tinggutum tub-un na ang ságing bísag malatálu pa kaáyu,In times of famine they cut down the bananas even before they mature.v[B3; b6]for bananas to reach this stage.malatinduknmackerel scad, k.o. carangoid fish, but long and fleshy like atindukbanana.*málaywalay —innocently unaware, unknowing (slang).Way málay ang asáwa nga may kabit ang íyang bána,The wife was unaware that her husband had a mistress.Wà silay málay nga gipitluk nag ílang manuk,They were unaware that their chicken had been stolen.maláyangnk.o. fine, white rice introduced by the PACD.malaypálaynpoisonous part of the viscera and skin of a pufferfish, which is removed before eating.MaláyunMalay in race.atending to have the features of the Malayan race.malbas=marbas.maldisiyunnmalediction, a curse.v[A; b2c1]curse.Imaldisiyun (maldisiyunun) siya sa párì,The priest will pronounce a malediction on him.maldíta=maldítu(female).maldítua1naughty, evil.Kadtung maldítung bátà ang nagpapilit sa babulgam sa ímung sinínà,That naughty child put bubble gum on your dress.Daghang maldítusa piyir,There are lots of bad types at the waterfront.2having unexpected ability.Maldítu! Natubag giyud ang dyakpat nga pangutána dà,He’s smart! He answered the jackpot question correctly.— sa babáyione who deceives women.v[B12; b6]become naughty.-in-(→)ain an evil way.v[A; b]do mischief, evil, philander.Makamau nang muminalditu ang gamay kung anak,My little baby has already learned how to be naughty.mal-idukáda=mal-idukádu(female).mal-idukáduaill-educated, ill-mannered.v[B126; b6]be ill-educated or bad-mannered.malígas=hulmígas.malignunspirits of departed people who have not entered heaven and are doing their penance (kundínu). If they are not prayed for they may inflict sickness as a reminder.ispiritu —=malignu.v[A1; a4]be sick with an illness sent by amalignu.malignù=karbalyas.malimnu=karbalyas.malingkaseehimalingka.malisyan1awareness of sex.Dúna na siyay malisya kay dì na man maghúbù ug malígù,She is already aware of her sex because she won’t bathe in the nude any longer.2bad thoughts regarding sex.Ug way malisya, ngánung miagik-ik man ka?If you are not harboring evil thoughts, why are you snickering?3ill will.Way malisya ang ákung paghátag niíni,There’s no ill intent in my giving this to you.4bad omen, usually of death or misfortune.v[A13; b]send such an omen.Nagmalisya siya únà mamatay. Nagpakítà únà siya sa íyang mga anak nga túa sa Amirika,He sent an omen before he died. He appeared to his children in America.malisyúsa=malisyúsu(female).malisyúsua1conscious of sex in an unwholesome way.Ngánung dì ka man pagúnit? Kamalisyúsu gud nímu!Why don’t you want me to touch your hands? How sex-conscious you are!2maliciously done, out of ill will.Malisyúsung mga pasángil nga way gipasikáran,Malicious and baseless accusations.v[B12; a2]1be, become sex conscious in an unwholesome way.2become malicious in behavior.málitnmallet.malítansuitcase.v[A13]carry a suitcase.Magmalíta lang ku kay daghan kug dalhunun,I’ll take a suitcase because I have so many things to take.malitinn1a leather bag designed to hold medicine and some medical instruments.2a small suitcase.malmal1v[B1256; a12]be taught, rehearsed, or be inculcated to a high degree.Namalmal mig maáyu sa ininglis kay Amirkánu ámung maistru,We were taught English thoroughly because our teacher was an American.Malmálun nátù ang bátà sa bili sa pagdagínut,We will inculcate the value of thrift in the children’s minds.malmal2v1[A; a1]beat s.o. up, usually in the mouth.Akuy mimalmal sa irù nga mikáun sa isdà,I gave the dog that ate the fish a sound beating.2[A; a12]use s.t. or scold s.o. abusively.Natural nagubà ang makinilya kay gimalmal,Of course he broke the typewriter because he abused it.Malmálun kag kasábà bísag gamayng sayup,You get abusive scoldings for the slightest mistakes.malpagadurafailing to pay one’s debts.v[B1256]get to be a defaulter in one’s debts.Ug mamalpagadur ka, wà nay musálig pagpaútang nímu,If you become a bad debtor, no one will dare allow you credit.-a(←)=malpagadur(female).maltabánanglazed brown urn, about 2′ high with a small mouth and handles at the shoulders.v[A13; a12]make into, put in glazed clay jars.maltratarv[A; a12]maltreat, mistreat.Maltratahun siya sa íyang amaáma,His stepfather will maltreat him.*málu— pa ug1on the chance that [such-and-such]a good thing happen.Palit tag swipstik, málu pag makaswirti,Let’s buy a sweepstake ticket. We might just win.2[so-and-so] isn’t bad, if that is what comes out.Málu pa nà ug swildúhan kag bayinting adlaw?Would it be bad if you were paid twenty pesos a day?malù1—[dat.]serves [dat.] right.Malù nímu nga gipagirawut kay tapulan ka,Serves you right that you were fired because you are lazy.malù2, málù1npollen of corn.v[A1]grow pollen.Dì na dúgayng masanggì ang mais basta magmalù na,It won’t be long before the corn can be harvested if there is pollen in the tassel.málù2nthe one who is ‘it’ in the game oftakyanor marbles.v[A; a12]make a person remain ‘it’ for a long time.Malúun kug maáyu si Huwan pinaági sa pagpátid sa takyan ug layù,I’ll make Juan be ‘it’ for a long time by kicking the shuttlecock far away.malubgasnk.o. small anchovy with a dark blue dorsal region and silvery white on its ventral region, widely eaten preserved in salt.maluíbunnname given to ornamental climbing vines with dark green or yellow green cordate leaves, often grown indoors:Scindapsus aureusandPhilodendron oxycardium.málungnname of the sarong worn by the Muslims.v[A13; b6(1)]wear amálung.2[a2]make into amálung.malunggay=kalamunggay.málus1ahighly fermented salted fish paste.Málus na ang ginamus,The salted fish paste is already highly fermented.v1[AB2]for salted fish to become highly fermented, cause it to do so.2[B]develop a horrible smell.Kalígù na kay nagkamálus ka na,Take a bath. You’re beginning to smell awful.malyítingavel.malyurkana k.o. liquor of low proof made from cane sugar, flavored with anise.mámn1ma’am, term of address to a teacher or woman of high station.Maáyung buntag kanímu, mám,Good morning, Ma’am.2lady teacher.Usa sa mga mám nákù sa hayiskul mau si Mis Agápay,One of my teachers in high school was Miss Agapay.v[A13; a12]call s.o. Ma’am.máma1nmother.v[B13; a12]call s.o.máma.máma2nmute.v[B12]become a mute.Namáma nà siya tungud sa kalísang,He was struck dumb by his great fright.mamàn1chew of betel nut (búnga) and piper betel leaves (búyù) with lime (ápug) and optionally tobacco.2action of chewing.v[AC12; a12]chew betel nut.Dì ku makamamà kay hálang,I can’t chew betel because it burns the tongue.— ug dugùv[A13; c]get a bloody mouth (lit. chew blood).Magmamà ka giyug dugù ug hisumbagan ta ka,You will have a bloody mouth if I punch you.mam-anan, malam-anncontainer for the lime, betel nut, and betel leaf.malam-unnset of complete ingredients ready for chewing.hiN-afond of chewing betel.mamadurnbreast pump.v[b]use a breast pump.mámamn1baby talk forinum‘drink’.2drinking spree (humorous slang).v1[A]drink (baby talk).2[AC; a]hold a drinking spree.Puwa na ang tápay, nakamámam tingáli,His ears are red. He must have had s.t. to drink.mamayn1wet nurse.2any nursemaid.v1[A; a]wet-nurse.Gimamay ang bátà nga ílu,The orphaned infant was wet-nursed.2[A; a]take care of a child.Siyay nagmamay sa tanan námung mga bátà,She took care of all our children.mambad=manbad.mambunmambo, a Latin American dance and its music.v1[A; a12]dance the mambo.2[c1]play music in mambo rhythm.mámi1nmommy.v[A3; a12]call s.o. mommy.mámi2na Chinese dish consisting of soup and narrow egg noodles with meat.v[A; a]makemámi.mamilúkunchild’s sunsuit, a one-piece romper with short pants and no sleeves.v1[A; a]wear a sunsuit.2[c16]make into a sunsuit.maming=lubaylúbay,n.seelubay.mampudshort formánu man pud.seengánuandupud.MampurnMontford, a person who is said to have lived in olden times.karáan pa ni —older than Montford.Tabas sa íyang bistídu nga karáan pa ni Mampur,Style of dress that dates back to Montford’s time.panahun pa ni —very old, from Montford’s time.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur ang ákung radiyu ug wà pa giyud magubà,My radio is as old as the hills and still in fine shape.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur nang kumidiyáha,That joke is as old as the hills.mamsà1n1name given to the large species ofCaranx, a highly-prized food fish.2dakung —influential, important person.mamsà2nschoolteacher, humorous word play onmám.Ayaw mug sábà kay náa na si Mamsà,Everybody shut up. The teacher is coming.v[B126]be a schoolmarm.mamun1nk.o. sponge cake.v[A; a12]make, make intomamun.mamun2nk.o. fruit tree similar to agwayabanubut with a smaller and rounder fruit:Anona sp.mámurd, mámurdsa1marbles without a flaw.2for girls to be well-rounded and smooth-skinned.Mámurds kaáyu ang trátu ni Bin,Ben’s girl friend is very beautiful.mamurayv[C2]compare which is the smoothest, most well-rounded.Mamuray tag dyúlin,Let’s compare our marbles to see which is the smoothest and best rounded.man1because.Kay ang íya dapit man sa dáhun, mamúnga dáyun,Because his part was the part with the leaves, it would bear fruit quickly.— ugudbecause (giving an explanation).Namatay ang tanum kay wà man gud bùbúi,The plant died because no one watered it.2after an interrogative:particle to make the question not abrupt.Háin man siya?Could you tell me where he is?3particle with a statement contradicting a previous statement or presumption.Dì man nà mau,That’s not the one.4particle with a statement giving information.Nía man si Pidru karung buntága,Oh, Pedro is here this morning.— diayI notice that.Nindut man diay ka kaáyung mukanta!Oh, I see you sing very beautifully.— kahà[so-and-so] apparently is the case.Kami man kahay muluhud, anus-a man ang kasal?We are supposed to sponsor you, so when is the wedding going to be?Dì lang ka tagáan. Dì man kahà ka gustu,I won’t give you any. You apparently won’t want any, anyway.— lagiI notice [so-and-so] is the case, nevertheless.Ingun siya dì ka muanhi. Nía ka man lagi,He said you weren’t coming, but here you are!5in other phrases:ingun —as well as.Mubuhis ang tagasyudad ingun man ang tagabaryu,The city people, as well as the barrio folks, pay taxes.mau — gánìthat’s why, despite what you would expect ...Mau man gánì nga namula ang ákung pánit kay nabulad ku,I have red skin, despite what you would expect, because I was out in the sun.na —seena,4.pála — runthat’s flattery.Pála man run ug dì pa tinúud,That would have been flattery if it were not true.túud —and so, as one would expect.Túud man miabut dáyun ang pulis,And so, as one would expect, the police immediately arrived.maN-(see p. xvi for the meaning of the symbol N)prefix added to bases with a prefixpaN-to indicate future volitional active forms. (pastnaN-;subjunctivemaN-.Durative forms: future and subjunctivemagpaN-(→);pastnagpaN-(→).Potential active: future and subjunctivemakapaN-;pastnakapaN-.)Mangutána ta kun háin siya,Let us ask where he is.Wà siya mangutána,He didn’t ask.Nangutána ku piru way tubag,I asked but there was no answer.Nagpanguput siya sa kahadluk,He held on with all his might for fright.Walà ku makapangutána,I didn’t get a chance to ask.Makapangasáwa ka na,You can get married now.mana, mána1na title of respect to a female older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.mána.mána2nk.o. cultivated tree, the bark and leaves of which are used for spices.manágingnk.o. white parrot, the racket-tailed parrot:Prioniturus discurus.manalabtanseesabat.manámùshort foramahan námùnthe Lord’s Prayer.mananabtanseesabat.manananggal=anananggal.mananangkuynfolk doctor (general term).v[B13; a12]become a healer.mananapnanimal, beast, insect.abrute, having the feelings of a beast.Ikawng mananápa ka. Ngánung gibun-ug man nímu ang ákung anak?You beast. Why did you beat my son?-in-abeastly.manan-awngeneral name for ornamental air orchids.manandisahenpecked husband.v[B2]become henpecked.manang, mánangn1title for elder sister.2title given to any woman older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manang.(→)voc. form.short form:nang.mananggítintoddy gatherer.v[B156]be, become a toddy gatherer.manánuyasweet-sounding, melodious.Ang manánuyng tíngug sa langgam,The sweet, melodious voice of the bird.manátadnk.o. dove: the green-winged ground dove:Chalcophaps indica.túlin pa sa —very swift.manau, manaul1nk.o. parasitic air plant, with long linear lanceolate leaves radiating from the center:Asplenium nidus.manaul2nthe white-breasted sea eagle:Haliaetus leucogaster.manay, mánayntitle for a female much older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manáy.(→)voc. form.maN-ayregional alternant ofmaN-r-.manbad(fromsubad)n1any large deep-sea fish.2usurer.Nadátù siya kay mambad nga dakù,He became rich because he was a great usurer.3dakung —an important person of great influence.Si Lawril dakung mambad sa pulitika,Laurel is a big figure in politics.a1fierce and grasping.Púru mga mambad ang tagaadwána. Padug-un ka giyud ug táman,The customs people are voracious beasts. They’ll bleed you dry.2fierce, termagant woman.Túa na pud, gitapuk-an na pud si Tiryu sa íyang mambad nga asáwa,There goes Terio’s shrewish wife at him again.3s.o. that is dangerous to women.Ayawg túu níya kay mambad nà sa mga babáyi,Don’t believe him because he is dangerous to women.ka-nquality of being fierce and grasping.Ang kamambad sa pamingkúngan,The fierceness of a hammerhead shark.mandalúsa=salimbángun.Mandalúyungna district in Rizal, Luzon.taga-, gíkan sa —crazy (lit. one who has been a patient at the mental hospital inMandaluyong).mandamyintu diaristuwarrant of arrest.mandǎrn1command; word or phrase esp. in set form by which a command is given.Ang mandǎr sa kapitan pagpahúnung ug tíru,The captain’s command to cease fire.2order, a serving of food in a public eating place.Unsa man tuy ímung mandǎr, pipsi u kuk?What did you order, Pepsi or Coke?v[A; c]1command, give an order to.1acommand, order people around.Nagmandǎr na sad ang tapulan,The lazy lout is giving orders again.2order, request a serving to be brought.Nakamandǎr na ba mu?Have you ordered?mandasiyunncommand.Ang mga ultimu mutúman sa mandasiyun sa kábu,The privates follow the commands of the corporal.aliking to give orders.Mandasiyun kaáyu nang ákung maguwang unyà dì mutábang sa trabáhu,My older brother loves to give orders, and yet he doesn’t help with the work.mandasiyunseemandǎr.manday1it’s too late to be of use.Manday human na ang baratilyu,It’s too late. The sale is over.1ajust when s.t. happens that is too late or inconvenient, s.t. else happens.Manday wà tay kwarta mu puy idaut sa mga bátà,Just when we are broke, the children get sick.Manday human ka nag káun mu pay ipanangpit,You invite me to eat only after you’re done?Manday lumalarga na aku mu pay pagkaíla námù,We got acquainted just as we were about to leave town.2— untàinstead of doing what was expected.Manday untà masukù siya, mipahíyum hinúun,Instead of he getting angry, he smiled.2aalthough, despite the fact that.Manday daghang anak, gastadur hinúun,Although she has lots of children, she spends money like mad.†
manshort for the vocative ofmáma, ‘mother’.má=mala.mā̀n1onomatopoetic word for the lowing sound of a cow or a water buffalo.2a cow or water buffalo (child’s talk).v[A; b6]low, produce a lowing sound.ma-1future verb affix. (Past:na-.Subjunctive:ma-.)1potential of the direct passive. (See-un1for meanings of the direct passive. Seemaka-for meanings of the potential.)Mapalit nà nímu bísag ása,You can buy that anywhere.Wà ku pa mabása,I haven’t had a chance to read it.Uy! Dì man diayákù ning nadá nákung pitáka,Heavens, I took s.o. else’s purse by mistake.2potential of the instrumental passive. (Seei-1for meanings of the instrumental passive.)Dì ni mabaligyà kay mahal da kaáyu ang prisyu,You can’t sell this because it’s too expensive.Wà pa nákù mahátag níya kay wà pa siya muabut,I haven’t had a chance to give it to him because he hasn’t arrived.Halá! Nabungat ra ba nákù ang sikrítu,Oh God! I let out the secret.3active of stative verbs:may become [so-and-so].Ayaw nag hikápa. Magubà unyà nà,Don’t touch that. It might break.Ilhan nga mulubad nang panaptúna ug mapula ang túbig,You’ll know the cloth runs if the water turns red.Nawálà ang ákung singsing,My ring got lost.3awith roots that refer to nonvolitional actions:[do].Matingála siya ug ngánu tu,He will be amazed at why it should be so.Wà ku mabaláka,I am not worried.Mahū́g unyà ka ug mabálì ang sanga,You will fall if the branch breaks.Ug matúlug na sila,When they are asleep.Mahadluk ku,I am afraid.Dì ka ba malúuy níya?Don’t you feel sorry for him?3bwith nouns:become [so-and-so].Ug maduktur ka na,When you get to be a doctor.3cwith nouns which refer to a place:wind up in [such-and-such] a place.Malangit kag maimpirnu ba?Will you go to heaven or will you go to hell?Mauspital giyud kag pasagdan lang nà nímung sakíta,You’ll end up in the hospital if you let your sickness go.3dwith nouns referring to time: get to be [such-and-such] a time.Ug maalas tris na gánì, mulakaw na ku,If it gets to be three o’clock, I’ll leave.Ug magabíi nag wà pa siya,If it gets to be nightfall and he hasn’t arrived.3e(only with the future) when [such-and-such] a time or season comes about.Magkítà ra silag mapista,They only see each other during fiestas.Tábù dinhi ug maduminggu,They hold market here on Sundays.ma-21affix added to most adjective roots which do not refer to a measurement to form adjectives which mean ‘very [so-and-so]’. This formation is used in literary or formal styles.Usa ka mapait nga pahíyum,A very bitter smile.2added to some verbs to form adjectives meaning [do]ing, usually with a short penult.Bátang mahilak,A crybaby.Matulug,Of a sleepy sort.Matawa,Full of laughter.ma-ánunalternant ofma-un, used with some bases in place ofma-un.Masuk-ánun,Tending to get irritated.máasaold, aged.Bisan máas na siya tisar gihápung mulakaw,He may be old, but he still walks erect.v[B]become old.Kun mumáas na ang kalbásà dílì na maútan,When a squash becomes too old, it is no longer good to eat.maáyuseeáyu.mabà=mubù.mabawa1shallow.Mabaw ra kaáyu nang ímung pangatarúngan,Your reasoning is very shallow.Dì kalanguyan nang subáa kay mabaw,You can’t swim in that river. It’s too shallow.Ang baskit nga mabaw ug lubut diyútayg sulud,A shallow basket holds little.Mabaw nga panaksan,Shallow bowl.2in set expressions:— ug lubutsensitive or quick to anger.Muhílak diay bísag kumidiya ra. Kamabaw nímug lubut uy,Why did you cry when it was just a joke? How sensitive you are!3— ug salabútanunintelligent.Dúgay siyang kasabut kay mabaw rag salabútan,She doesn’t understand readily because she is unintelligent.v[B; b7c1]become shallow.Imabaw (mabwa) lang pagkálut ang tamnan ug kamúti,Just make the hole for the sweet potatoes shallow.hi-/ha-(→)seehimábawunderbabaw.-g-shallow (plural).i-nplace above s.t.Imabaw sa kaban nákù gibutang ang libru,I put the book on top of the trunk.-in-, -in-g-v[a12]do in a shallow way.Kun minagbáwun lang ni nátù pagsabut ang giisplikar sa maistru, dílì giyud ta makapasar,If you fail to understand (lit. understand shallowly) what the teacher explained, you won’t pass.ka-(←)nhalf brother, sister.Kamábaw ku siya kay paríhu mig inahan,He is my half brother because we have the same mother.v[A23]be half brothers, sisters.mabdusa1pregnant.2for rice grains to be in the panicle.Mabdus na ang humay,The rice grains are forming.v1[B26]get, make pregnant.Mimabdus si Maríya kay hagithagitun kaáyu,Maria got pregnant because she was flirtatious.1a[A1; c]carry in the womb.Gimabdus nà siya pagkamatay sa íyang amahan,He was in his mother’s womb when his father died.2[B]for rice grains to form in the panicle.3[B1]for borrowed things to have been kept too long.Dúgay kaáyu nímung giúlì ang ákung libru. Mimabdus na nà,You kept my book too long (lit. so long that it got pregnant).4[B1]— sa pasáligget fooled by assurances (lit. got pregnant because of promises).Daghan nang mimabdus sa pasálig sa mga pulitiku,Many people have been fooled by the politician’s assurances.pa-v[A; c2]get s.o. pregnant.Gipamabdus (gipamabdúsan) si Maríya niPidru,Pedro got Maria pregnant.mabgas=malubgas.mabúlunk.o. medium-sized tree of the primary forest, cultivated for its fruit. The wood is hard and used for furniture, the heartwood being nearly black:Diospyros discolor.mad-asaland that has dried up.v[B1]be, become dry land.Nagmad-as ang pilapilan nga walà na makultibar,The rice paddies are dry after being left uncultivated.mádilnfashion model.v1[A1; c]model s.t.2[B156; a2]be a fashion model.-un(→)ahaving a body like a model.madrastanstepmother.madri1nnun.— dipamilyawoman head of the family.— supiryúramother superior.v[B156; a]be, become a nun.paka-v[A; a12]pretend to be a nun, treat like a nun.madrihunahaving ways or traits of a nun.Madrihun kaáyug nawung bayhána, inusinti kaáyug dagway,That woman is like a nun. Such an innocent face.madri2nmain frame of a door or window shutter.v[c1]make a main frame of a shutter.madri kakawnsmall ornamental tree flowering profusely with pink or lavender blooms, used for firewood and fencing:Gliricidia sepium.madri míyaan exclamation of alarm, surprise, or disgust mainly by speakers who have been under Spanish influence.Madri míya, tingálig mahū́g nang bátà,My God! Watch out, the baby is going to fall.Madri míya! Nabúhat nímu tu!My God! You actually did that!madrínangodmother, the female sponsor at one’s baptism, wedding, confirmation, or ordination.v[B136; c1]be, become themadrína.madyikn1magic involving supernatural powers.2sleight-of-hand trick.Nalingaw ang mga bátà sa ákung madyik,The children enjoyed my tricks.v1[A1; a2]practice magic.2[A; a]steal s.t. small.Huy, kinsay nagmadyik sa ákung bulpin diri?Hey, who swiped my ball point pen?-írunmagician.madyung1n1sandspurs, k.o. coarse grass growing about 1′ that bears spikes with rows of round burrs, around ¼″ in diameter.2the burrs of this grass.ka-v[A13]get sandspurs all over one.madyung2nmahjong.awin the mahjong set.Pung! Madyung ku, Bingo!I get mahjong!v1[A3; a]play mahjong.Dílì na lang ta magdúlag baráha. Madyúngun ta na lang ni,Let’s not play cards. Let’s just play mahjong.2[A12]win at mahjong.Wà pa ku makamadyung,I haven’t gotten mahjong yet.-an(→)n1mahjong den.2mahjong set.3piece needed to get ‘mahjong’.Ang madyungan ni Turuy tris sirkulu,Toroy is waiting for the three circle piece.-íru,-íraamahjong addict.madyuritndrum majorette.v[B16; a2]be a majorette.mag-durative active verbal affix, future. (Past:nag-orga-.Subjunctive:mag-.)Magmata sila árung urása,They are awake at this time.Nagmata (or gamata) pa ba kahà sila?Do you think they are still awake?Walà na sila magmata,They are not awake any more. Verbs withmag-,nag-have the following meanings (as opposed to verbs withmi-,mu-—seemu-):1action not necessarily intentional.Walà siya magsulti,He didn’t say.Walà ku maghátag níya ánang librúha,I didn’t give him that book.2durative action, action or state continuing in time.Wà na siya maghilak,He isn’t crying any more.Ug magtindug ang mga táwu sa atubángan, dì mi makakità,If the people in front are standing, we won’t be able to see.2aadded to nouns.Ug magkalayu na ang kakugnan háyag kaáyu ang lángit,When the fields are ablaze, the skies light up.Human sa púlù ka gutlù, ang puthaw magbaga,After ten seconds the steel will glow.3added to verbs referring to a state:be in [such-and-such] a state.Ug mag-abri ang pultahan, musulud giyud ang lángaw,If the door is open, the flies are sure to come in.Walà na magtuyuk ang ligid,The wheel is no longer turning.3aadded to adjectives: be [adj.].Magmalipáyun ta,Let us be happy.Mawà kay hitsúra ug magpula nang ímung nawung,You will not look good if your face is all red.3badded to words referring to a state of the weather.Atúa giyud siya sa dágat, magbálud kinig maglínaw,He is at sea, whether it is wavy or calm.Mag-ulan kag mag-ínit,Rain or shine (lit. whether you are rainy or shining).4referring to an action which redounded on the agent:do [so-and-so] to oneself.Mag-ílis pa ku,I will change my clothes.Gustu kung maglumus,I want to drown myself.4aadded to nouns:become a [so-and-so].Magpárì ku,I will become a priest.Magsirkadur tingáli ning bataána,This child probably wants to become a trapeze artist.5referring to an action which two or more people did with each other. (Verbs withmag-of this sort always have penultimate stress.)Didtu sila mag-ábut,They met in that place.Magsákay ta,Let us ride together.Ug maglagyù pagkabutang ang mga balay,If the houses are far apart from one another.5awith nouns:be in the [noun] relation.Magkumpári kami ug akuy pakugúsun sa íyang anak,We will bekumpári’sif I become his child’s godfather.Mag-amígu lang ta,Let’s be friends.maga-alternative form formag-in meanings2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4. Words withmaga-can substitute for the examples there given.Magahatnpagan non-Cebuano peoples in the mountains (applies to pagans in Negros and in Mindanao).v[A13]be very touchy.Ug napildi ka ug dakù magmagahat diay ka?You are touchy just because you lost heavily?magalyánisndowntown shopping district of Cebu (after the name of Magallanes Street, which formerly was the principal shopping street in Cebu).magang, mágangv[BN]for corn to flower.Inigmagang sa mais, mugítib na ang lugas,When the corn flowers, the grains begin to develop.magasin1nmagazine, periodical.magasin2nammunition clip for automatic firearms.magaynmaguey, cultivated as a source of sisal fiber:Agave cantalaorsisalana.(←)v[A]make into sisal hemp.magay mágaynornamental plant similar to the maguey but smaller in size:Sansevieria spp.magaya=malagaya.MagindánawnMuslims of Cotabato and Zamboanga del Sur.magka-durative active future for verbs referring to a state: be, becoming more and more [so-and-so]. (Past:nagka-.Subjunctive:magka-.) Verbs with this affix always have a stressed final syllable.Imbis nga magkakusug, nagkahinay hinúun,Instead of getting faster and faster, it was getting slower and slower.Wà lagi magkaduul ang bapur nganhi, nagkalayù hinúun,The boat is not coming nearer. It’s actually getting further and further away.magka-(←)potential active verb affix, future. (Past:nagka-. Subjunctive:magka-.) Used with verbs referring to mutual actions (cf.mag-1, 5) but otherwise paralleling the potential meanings listed undermaka-.1can [do] with each other.Dì tang tanan magkasákay,We cannot all ride together.2manage to [do] with each other.Wà mi magkasábut,We didn’t manage to come to an agreement.Nagkaábut sila sa tungàtúngà,They met in the middle.3happen to [do] with each other.Ug magkakítà gánì ang ímung babáyig asáwa,If your mistress and your wife happen to run into each other.mag-l-alternant ofmag-r-, and usually in competition with it, but with some roots onlymag-r-is frequent or the form withmag-r-has acquired a different nuance.Magbalantay,Watchman.Magbuluhat ug mga mwiblis,Furniture maker.maglalatiknk.o. folk dance in which half coconut shells are knocked to the rhythm of the accompanying music.magnisyanmilk of magnesia.— simplia half dose of milk of magnesia (as opposed to— dubli, the full dose).magnitn1magnet.2kissing scene (slang—from the notion that the faces come together as if magnetized).Daghang magnit ánang salidáha,There are plenty of kissing scenes in that movie.3syúgar —sugar magnate.v[A; a]1pick up with a magnet.2swipe, steal, spirit away.Kinsay nagmagnit sa ákung bálùn?Who swiped my lunch?3[C]kiss one another usually in a show (slang).awon over.Inigkanta nímu, magnit na silang tanan,When you sing, they’ll all be won over.mag-r-nprefix added to verbs to form nouns which refer to one who does [verb] on a regular basis.Magbabantay,Watchman.Magsusúlat,Writer.Magpapatigayun,Businessman.Magyuyutà,Landowner or farmer.Magbubúhat,The Creator (God) or one who does.magsúunsee*súun.magtalisaynk.o. tree similar in shape and appearance to thetalísay, but with smaller leaves and harder wood:Terminalia sp.mágun1magi.2s.o. outstanding, expert.Mágu sa kinablit,A wizard at the guitar.mágùntarsier.magus=amagus.máhanname given to various puddings and confections.— blangkapudding made of kernels of young corn and coconut milk or just plain milk.— diúbia pudding made ofúbiand coconut milk.— riyalcandy made out of peanuts, milk, and sugar.mahala1dear, expensive.Mahal na kaáyu ang bugas karun,Rice is very expensive now.Magbáyad kag mahal sa ímung gibúhat,You shall pay dearly for what you have done.2beloved.Siya ang ákung mahal (minahal) nga bána,He is my beloved husband.3blessed (address to saints).Pasalamáti ang Mahal nga Birhin,Give thanks to the Blessed Virgin.4— nga adlawthe days of the Lenten season.5in set phrases: very little, almost without.— ug pahíyumstingy withthe smiles.— ug tíngugweak-voiced.v1[B; ab7]become expensive, go up in price.Basta Amirkánu mupalit, mahalun giyug baligyà,For an American the price is always jacked up.2[A; a12]love.Ang mga bayáni nagmahal sa ílang yútang natawhan,Heroes love their native land.Gimahal ku ikaw,I love you.-in-nbeloved, dear one.ka-an(←)nmajesty (address to royalty).Matúman ang ímung gihangyù, kamahálan,Your order will be fulfilled, Your Majesty.-l-un(←), -un(←)aprecious.-unadear or costly kind.ma-in-un(←)aloving, affectionate.mahan=man kahà(dialectal).seeman.maharlikanthe name given to the native nobles in pre-Hispanic times.máhaynfeelings of hurt and regret at what s.o. did.Arun walay máhay apúran ta kamung tanan,So there will be no hurt feelings, I’ll give you each one.v[A; b3c5]have feelings of hurt.Nagmáhay kung napalit ku tung sapatúsa,I’m sorry I bought those shoes.Ikay ákung gimaháyan sa nahitabù,I blame you for (lit. you are the reason I’m regretting) what happened.Gikamaháyan ta ka kay wà ka mudúaw nákù,You hurt me because you did not pay me a visit.walay —v[A13]there was nobody that felt bad, said in two situations: when people who attack on s.o. are beaten up instead (i.e., they cannot blame anyone but themselves), and when people who set on s.o. are unsuccessful (i.e., no one felt bad because they were successful).mahikanmagic.mahikunword referring to an unknown location when asking or giving a location, usually used in anger.Lupad ngadtu sa mahiku, animála ka,Get out, I don’t care where, you beast.Ambut ásang mahikúha tu nákù ikabutang ang pisti nga hunsuy,I don’t know where the heck I left that blinkety-blank pipe.mahistrádunjudge.v[B156; a12]be made, become a judge.mahuganinmahogany.maigangnmedium to large tree of the primary forest, with fruit similar in flavor and taste tolungbuy:Eugenia polycephaloides.mailúku=mamilúku.ma-in-un(←), ma-in-ánunalternant ofma-unused with some bases in place ofma-un.Matinabángun,Helpful.Masinabtánun,Full of understanding.maisn1maize, the corn plant or any part of it.1abugas —corn grits.Mahal na ang prisyu sa bugas mais karun,The price of corn grits has increased.v[A1]have corn grits as one’s staple food.Nagmais lang mi kay barátu man kay sa humay,We had corn grits as our staple food because it is cheaper than rice.-an, ka-an, -alncornfield.v[A1; a12]have a cornfield.maismáisn1ornamental plant similar to the corn plant, and growing up to 3′:Dracaena sanderianaandD.fragrans.2folding knife with a handle that is made of sheet metal, molded into the form of an ear of corn.3name given to the largest species of flying fish (bangsi).-un=maismáis,3.maistran1female teacher.1aterm of address or title for a teacher.Nía na si Maistra Lúling,Here is Mrs. Loling, the teacher.2education course.Maistra ang gikúhang kursu ni Pirla,Perla is majoring in Education.(→)voc.teacher, ma’am.v1[A; b6]for a woman to teach.Tunghaan nga gimaistráhan ni Sunya,The school where Sonia is teaching.2[B156; a1]be a (female) teacher.Maistráhun ku ning ákung anak,I’ll make my daughter into a teacher.ubra —seeubra.maistrun1, 1a=maistra(male).2education course.3the leader or instigator of activity, usually bad.Ikay maistru sa tanang mga binúang,You are the instigator of all the foolishness.4band or orchestra master.Pasakalyi, maistru, kay mukanta ku,Introduction, maestro. I shall sing now.— ámuboatswain.— kusiníruchief cook.v1[A; a]teach.2[B6; a1]be a teacher. †maka-1potential active verb affix, future. (Past:naka-.Subjunctive:maka-.Short form:ka-.)Dì ku makaalsa (kaalsa) niánà,I cannot lift that.Nakatilaw (katilaw) na ku niánà,I have tried that.Wà ku makasakay (kasakay),I couldn’t get a ride.1refers to an action s.o. has the capability of doing. (Only the future form is used in this meaning.)Makamau na kung mukinatsilà sa nag-idad kug diyis,I knew how to speak Spanish when I was ten years old.2refers to an action which one had the opportunity or managed to do.Ug makaadtu ku sa inyu human sa paniudtu, muhapit ku,If I get a chance to go to your place after lunch, I’ll drop in.Wà ku makalakaw kay síging abut ang mga bisíta,I didn’t have a chance to go out because we kept having visitors.2awith nouns:manage to get.Ug trís ákung mahulbut run, makamadyung ku,If I draw a three, I will get mahjong.Niíning trabahúa hálus ta makasininà,With this work I can hardly earn enough to buy a shirt.3refers to an accidental or unintentional action.Diriyut siya makaihì sa dihang gilatigu siya sa íyanginahan,Her mother whipped her so hard she nearly wet her pants.Makaingun kag nindut ug makakità ka,Once you see it, you won’t be able to help exclaiming at how beautiful it is.maka-2short form:ka-4naffix added to numbers to form words which mean [do so-and-so] many times.Makapila (kapila) ku na ikaw ingna?How many times did I tell you?Makaduha na ku malígù didtu,I have gone swimming there twice.Makadaghan na ku mabiktima,I have been victimized many times.makahiyà=kipìkipì.seekipì.makalibri=kalibri2.makann1macan, k.o. large-grained rice of wet fields, highly prized for ordinary eating.2k.o. very fat pig.aobese.Gwapahun untang bayhána apan makan lang,She’s quite beautiful, only she’s fat.makapunù(frompunù)nvariety of coconut which produces ordinary fruit and once in a while fruit which are completely full of soft meat, slightly harder near the shell. Themakapunùfruit is highly esteemed and is used for sweets.maka-r-affix added to verbs referring to a state to form adjectives which mean cause s.o. to get into [such-and-such] a state to a great extent. Forms with this affix usually have long penults.Makasusúbung hitabù,A very saddening event.Makalulúuy,Inspiring pity.Makalalagut,Angering.makarúninmacaroni.v[A13]cook a macaroni dish.Makawn1Chinaman from Macao.2Chinaman in a restaurant business (so called because many cooks in Chinese restaurants immigrated from Macao).lútung —seelútù.máki1na large, enamel-coated, round, metal platter, 18″ or so in diameter for holding cooked rice or corn.máki2na Chinese dish of sliced meats, stewed and thickened with cornstarch.makig-(←)prefix added to bases with a prefixpakig-to indicate future, volitional active forms.Past:nakig-.Subjunctive:makig-. No durative or potential forms. (Seepakig-for meanings.)Short forms:kig-andtig-.Makigkáun (kigkáun, tigkáun) siya nákù sa gawas,He wants to take me out to eat.Nakig-áway siyag dakung táwu,He picked a fight with a large person.Walà ku makigpustaánay níya,I did not challenge him to bet.makinan1machine.2engine.Dílì na muandar ang makina sa awtu,The automobile engine won’t start.3sewing machine.Ang makina kinahanglánun kaáyu sa sastri,A sewing machine is a necessity to a dressmaker.4— sa bugascorn, rice mill.— dimuturnmotorized machine, engine.v[a12]1do by machine.Ayawg kinamuta nà pagtahì, makinaha nà,Don’t sew it with your hands. Do it by machine.2put an engine s.w.makinaryan1machinery, set of machinery put together for a specific use.2machinery, set of activities or groups organized to accomplish s.t.Ang makinarya sa Partídu Libiral,The machinery of the Liberal Party.makinilyan1typewriter.2clipper to trim hair.3windlass.v1[A; a2]type.Makinilyáhun giyud basta sulat nga aplikisiyun,Letters of application should be typed.1a[A; a12]hit with a number of rapid blows, as if punching a typewriter.Gimakinilya nákù siyag dyab,I hit him with a rapid-fire succession of jabs.2cut hair with a clipper.-ádu, -in-atypewritten.†makinistanengine man, machine operator.v[B16; a2]become an engine man.makinítan1process of embroidery done by pricking the needle over the design on the top side of the cloth until the whole design is completed, after which the design on the bottom side is trimmed. The top becomes the right side.2needle for this sort of embroidery.v[A; a2]embroider in this method.makmakv1[A; a1]pound s.t. hard with s.t.Makmáka ang puthaw samtang ínit pa,Pound the iron while it is hot.2[A; ab2]beat severely, pound.2a— ug kasábà, sulti[A; a12]scold severely, lambast.Dì ka ángay mumakmak níyag kasábà kay dì ka ginikánan,You have no right to scold him severely because you are not his father.makra=marka.maksut=laksut.mákù=dakù(dialectal).— dyamùvery big.Mákù dyamù ang ílang báy,They have a huge house.makúpank.o. small tree cultivated for its red, top-shaped fruits, with white, spongy meat and a mild flavor, a large meaty variety of theSyzygium samarangense. The same genus astambis,but much firmer of flesh.maln1in billiards, a false shot causing one to lose his turn.2unlucky number.Daghang mahadluk sa numiru trísi kay mal kunu,Lots of people are afraid of thirteen because it is said to be an unlucky number.v[B126]make a bad shot.Mamal kag láin ang maigù sa bulamánu,You lose your turn if you hitthe wrong ball.— numiru=mal,n2.— tirádanin billiards, a shot that is not well executed.Mal tiráda tung ímu kay layù ra kaáyu sa lungag ang ímung gitiráhan,That was a bad shot. The target ball was a mile from the pocket.malaa1dry, not wet.Mala na ang mga hinayhay,The clothes that were hung up are dry now.2not displaying lively attention, disinterested.Tingálig dì siya muapil kay mala siya ug tinubagan,He probably won’t participate because he gave a disinterested answer.v1[APB; a2]dry up, become dried.Mimala ang mga sapà,The rivers dried up.Ang kaínit sa adlaw mauy mumala (mupamala) sa mga basakan,The heat of the sun will dry the rice fields up.Nag-úsik lang sa panahun ang nagmala (nagpamala) íning salúga,Whoever dried this floor off was just wasting his time.Tiil nga makamalag (makapamalag) basakan,Big feet (lit. that can dry up a rice paddy).Namad-an ug singut ang íyang bukubuku,The sweat on his back has dried up.2[A13]be uninteresting, boring.Wà ku mutiwas sa sini kay nagmala lang,I did not see the movie to the end because it was boring.2a[b4]— sa dugùbecome pale.Pagpangutána sa pulis, gimad-an sa dugù ang nawung sa dalága,The lady’s face became pale when the policeman questioned her.ma-nland.Ang ubang bakì nagpuyù sa túbig, ug ang uban sa mamala,Some frogs live in water and some on land.tilapya sa ma-nprostitute (humorous).kamad-annupland rice field.malabagákaynk.o. rattan used in house building.malabanu=gwayabanu.malabutangnk.o. rattan used in construction.malagayank.o. white-husked rice with very small, roundish, white grains, used in preparation of medicinal rice cakes or mixed with medicinal plants in poultices.Malakanyan, MalakanyangnMalacañang, the Philippine Presidential Palace.mal-ama1old in age.2grown up, but not doing things befitting one’s age (derogatory).Mal-am na, lubut gihápuy ilingkud,He is already grown but he hasn’t got anything upstairs (lit. all he does with his buttocks is sit on them—a readily understood circumlocution which avoids stating outright a hurtful truth).malangsink.o. sardine or small herring, growing to 4″ long and 1″ wide.malapatink.o. fish.malapi(not withoutl)kumpradur di-none who buys goods which he knows the seller has no right to dispose of.v[B1256]be a buyer of stolen goods.Makumpradur dimalapi giyud ka kun makapalit ka niánang kináwat,You’ll be a buyer of stolen goods if you buy that stolen article.malapuntink.o. red deep-sea fish with big reddish scales, 2′ by 6″, similar to a snapper, but with a filament projecting from the tip of the tail.malaryanmalaria.v[A123P; a4]get, cause to get malaria.Way lamuk nga makamalarya (makapamalarya) dinhi,There are no mosquitoes here that cause malaria.Tambáli ang gimalarya,Give medicine to the man with malaria.malaryahunahaving malaria.málasseedimálas.malasádu, malasáwuasoft-boiled, half-cooked.Malasádung itlug,Soft-boiled eggs.Ang atay malasádu nga pagkalútù,The liver was cooked rare.v[A1B26; a2]come out soft, rare, cause to do so.malasugi, malasúginswordfish or sailfish:Xiphias gladius, et al.malatáluabananas that are almost full-grown (but still far from ripe).Basta tinggutum tub-un na ang ságing bísag malatálu pa kaáyu,In times of famine they cut down the bananas even before they mature.v[B3; b6]for bananas to reach this stage.malatinduknmackerel scad, k.o. carangoid fish, but long and fleshy like atindukbanana.*málaywalay —innocently unaware, unknowing (slang).Way málay ang asáwa nga may kabit ang íyang bána,The wife was unaware that her husband had a mistress.Wà silay málay nga gipitluk nag ílang manuk,They were unaware that their chicken had been stolen.maláyangnk.o. fine, white rice introduced by the PACD.malaypálaynpoisonous part of the viscera and skin of a pufferfish, which is removed before eating.MaláyunMalay in race.atending to have the features of the Malayan race.malbas=marbas.maldisiyunnmalediction, a curse.v[A; b2c1]curse.Imaldisiyun (maldisiyunun) siya sa párì,The priest will pronounce a malediction on him.maldíta=maldítu(female).maldítua1naughty, evil.Kadtung maldítung bátà ang nagpapilit sa babulgam sa ímung sinínà,That naughty child put bubble gum on your dress.Daghang maldítusa piyir,There are lots of bad types at the waterfront.2having unexpected ability.Maldítu! Natubag giyud ang dyakpat nga pangutána dà,He’s smart! He answered the jackpot question correctly.— sa babáyione who deceives women.v[B12; b6]become naughty.-in-(→)ain an evil way.v[A; b]do mischief, evil, philander.Makamau nang muminalditu ang gamay kung anak,My little baby has already learned how to be naughty.mal-idukáda=mal-idukádu(female).mal-idukáduaill-educated, ill-mannered.v[B126; b6]be ill-educated or bad-mannered.malígas=hulmígas.malignunspirits of departed people who have not entered heaven and are doing their penance (kundínu). If they are not prayed for they may inflict sickness as a reminder.ispiritu —=malignu.v[A1; a4]be sick with an illness sent by amalignu.malignù=karbalyas.malimnu=karbalyas.malingkaseehimalingka.malisyan1awareness of sex.Dúna na siyay malisya kay dì na man maghúbù ug malígù,She is already aware of her sex because she won’t bathe in the nude any longer.2bad thoughts regarding sex.Ug way malisya, ngánung miagik-ik man ka?If you are not harboring evil thoughts, why are you snickering?3ill will.Way malisya ang ákung paghátag niíni,There’s no ill intent in my giving this to you.4bad omen, usually of death or misfortune.v[A13; b]send such an omen.Nagmalisya siya únà mamatay. Nagpakítà únà siya sa íyang mga anak nga túa sa Amirika,He sent an omen before he died. He appeared to his children in America.malisyúsa=malisyúsu(female).malisyúsua1conscious of sex in an unwholesome way.Ngánung dì ka man pagúnit? Kamalisyúsu gud nímu!Why don’t you want me to touch your hands? How sex-conscious you are!2maliciously done, out of ill will.Malisyúsung mga pasángil nga way gipasikáran,Malicious and baseless accusations.v[B12; a2]1be, become sex conscious in an unwholesome way.2become malicious in behavior.málitnmallet.malítansuitcase.v[A13]carry a suitcase.Magmalíta lang ku kay daghan kug dalhunun,I’ll take a suitcase because I have so many things to take.malitinn1a leather bag designed to hold medicine and some medical instruments.2a small suitcase.malmal1v[B1256; a12]be taught, rehearsed, or be inculcated to a high degree.Namalmal mig maáyu sa ininglis kay Amirkánu ámung maistru,We were taught English thoroughly because our teacher was an American.Malmálun nátù ang bátà sa bili sa pagdagínut,We will inculcate the value of thrift in the children’s minds.malmal2v1[A; a1]beat s.o. up, usually in the mouth.Akuy mimalmal sa irù nga mikáun sa isdà,I gave the dog that ate the fish a sound beating.2[A; a12]use s.t. or scold s.o. abusively.Natural nagubà ang makinilya kay gimalmal,Of course he broke the typewriter because he abused it.Malmálun kag kasábà bísag gamayng sayup,You get abusive scoldings for the slightest mistakes.malpagadurafailing to pay one’s debts.v[B1256]get to be a defaulter in one’s debts.Ug mamalpagadur ka, wà nay musálig pagpaútang nímu,If you become a bad debtor, no one will dare allow you credit.-a(←)=malpagadur(female).maltabánanglazed brown urn, about 2′ high with a small mouth and handles at the shoulders.v[A13; a12]make into, put in glazed clay jars.maltratarv[A; a12]maltreat, mistreat.Maltratahun siya sa íyang amaáma,His stepfather will maltreat him.*málu— pa ug1on the chance that [such-and-such]a good thing happen.Palit tag swipstik, málu pag makaswirti,Let’s buy a sweepstake ticket. We might just win.2[so-and-so] isn’t bad, if that is what comes out.Málu pa nà ug swildúhan kag bayinting adlaw?Would it be bad if you were paid twenty pesos a day?malù1—[dat.]serves [dat.] right.Malù nímu nga gipagirawut kay tapulan ka,Serves you right that you were fired because you are lazy.malù2, málù1npollen of corn.v[A1]grow pollen.Dì na dúgayng masanggì ang mais basta magmalù na,It won’t be long before the corn can be harvested if there is pollen in the tassel.málù2nthe one who is ‘it’ in the game oftakyanor marbles.v[A; a12]make a person remain ‘it’ for a long time.Malúun kug maáyu si Huwan pinaági sa pagpátid sa takyan ug layù,I’ll make Juan be ‘it’ for a long time by kicking the shuttlecock far away.malubgasnk.o. small anchovy with a dark blue dorsal region and silvery white on its ventral region, widely eaten preserved in salt.maluíbunnname given to ornamental climbing vines with dark green or yellow green cordate leaves, often grown indoors:Scindapsus aureusandPhilodendron oxycardium.málungnname of the sarong worn by the Muslims.v[A13; b6(1)]wear amálung.2[a2]make into amálung.malunggay=kalamunggay.málus1ahighly fermented salted fish paste.Málus na ang ginamus,The salted fish paste is already highly fermented.v1[AB2]for salted fish to become highly fermented, cause it to do so.2[B]develop a horrible smell.Kalígù na kay nagkamálus ka na,Take a bath. You’re beginning to smell awful.malyítingavel.malyurkana k.o. liquor of low proof made from cane sugar, flavored with anise.mámn1ma’am, term of address to a teacher or woman of high station.Maáyung buntag kanímu, mám,Good morning, Ma’am.2lady teacher.Usa sa mga mám nákù sa hayiskul mau si Mis Agápay,One of my teachers in high school was Miss Agapay.v[A13; a12]call s.o. Ma’am.máma1nmother.v[B13; a12]call s.o.máma.máma2nmute.v[B12]become a mute.Namáma nà siya tungud sa kalísang,He was struck dumb by his great fright.mamàn1chew of betel nut (búnga) and piper betel leaves (búyù) with lime (ápug) and optionally tobacco.2action of chewing.v[AC12; a12]chew betel nut.Dì ku makamamà kay hálang,I can’t chew betel because it burns the tongue.— ug dugùv[A13; c]get a bloody mouth (lit. chew blood).Magmamà ka giyug dugù ug hisumbagan ta ka,You will have a bloody mouth if I punch you.mam-anan, malam-anncontainer for the lime, betel nut, and betel leaf.malam-unnset of complete ingredients ready for chewing.hiN-afond of chewing betel.mamadurnbreast pump.v[b]use a breast pump.mámamn1baby talk forinum‘drink’.2drinking spree (humorous slang).v1[A]drink (baby talk).2[AC; a]hold a drinking spree.Puwa na ang tápay, nakamámam tingáli,His ears are red. He must have had s.t. to drink.mamayn1wet nurse.2any nursemaid.v1[A; a]wet-nurse.Gimamay ang bátà nga ílu,The orphaned infant was wet-nursed.2[A; a]take care of a child.Siyay nagmamay sa tanan námung mga bátà,She took care of all our children.mambad=manbad.mambunmambo, a Latin American dance and its music.v1[A; a12]dance the mambo.2[c1]play music in mambo rhythm.mámi1nmommy.v[A3; a12]call s.o. mommy.mámi2na Chinese dish consisting of soup and narrow egg noodles with meat.v[A; a]makemámi.mamilúkunchild’s sunsuit, a one-piece romper with short pants and no sleeves.v1[A; a]wear a sunsuit.2[c16]make into a sunsuit.maming=lubaylúbay,n.seelubay.mampudshort formánu man pud.seengánuandupud.MampurnMontford, a person who is said to have lived in olden times.karáan pa ni —older than Montford.Tabas sa íyang bistídu nga karáan pa ni Mampur,Style of dress that dates back to Montford’s time.panahun pa ni —very old, from Montford’s time.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur ang ákung radiyu ug wà pa giyud magubà,My radio is as old as the hills and still in fine shape.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur nang kumidiyáha,That joke is as old as the hills.mamsà1n1name given to the large species ofCaranx, a highly-prized food fish.2dakung —influential, important person.mamsà2nschoolteacher, humorous word play onmám.Ayaw mug sábà kay náa na si Mamsà,Everybody shut up. The teacher is coming.v[B126]be a schoolmarm.mamun1nk.o. sponge cake.v[A; a12]make, make intomamun.mamun2nk.o. fruit tree similar to agwayabanubut with a smaller and rounder fruit:Anona sp.mámurd, mámurdsa1marbles without a flaw.2for girls to be well-rounded and smooth-skinned.Mámurds kaáyu ang trátu ni Bin,Ben’s girl friend is very beautiful.mamurayv[C2]compare which is the smoothest, most well-rounded.Mamuray tag dyúlin,Let’s compare our marbles to see which is the smoothest and best rounded.man1because.Kay ang íya dapit man sa dáhun, mamúnga dáyun,Because his part was the part with the leaves, it would bear fruit quickly.— ugudbecause (giving an explanation).Namatay ang tanum kay wà man gud bùbúi,The plant died because no one watered it.2after an interrogative:particle to make the question not abrupt.Háin man siya?Could you tell me where he is?3particle with a statement contradicting a previous statement or presumption.Dì man nà mau,That’s not the one.4particle with a statement giving information.Nía man si Pidru karung buntága,Oh, Pedro is here this morning.— diayI notice that.Nindut man diay ka kaáyung mukanta!Oh, I see you sing very beautifully.— kahà[so-and-so] apparently is the case.Kami man kahay muluhud, anus-a man ang kasal?We are supposed to sponsor you, so when is the wedding going to be?Dì lang ka tagáan. Dì man kahà ka gustu,I won’t give you any. You apparently won’t want any, anyway.— lagiI notice [so-and-so] is the case, nevertheless.Ingun siya dì ka muanhi. Nía ka man lagi,He said you weren’t coming, but here you are!5in other phrases:ingun —as well as.Mubuhis ang tagasyudad ingun man ang tagabaryu,The city people, as well as the barrio folks, pay taxes.mau — gánìthat’s why, despite what you would expect ...Mau man gánì nga namula ang ákung pánit kay nabulad ku,I have red skin, despite what you would expect, because I was out in the sun.na —seena,4.pála — runthat’s flattery.Pála man run ug dì pa tinúud,That would have been flattery if it were not true.túud —and so, as one would expect.Túud man miabut dáyun ang pulis,And so, as one would expect, the police immediately arrived.maN-(see p. xvi for the meaning of the symbol N)prefix added to bases with a prefixpaN-to indicate future volitional active forms. (pastnaN-;subjunctivemaN-.Durative forms: future and subjunctivemagpaN-(→);pastnagpaN-(→).Potential active: future and subjunctivemakapaN-;pastnakapaN-.)Mangutána ta kun háin siya,Let us ask where he is.Wà siya mangutána,He didn’t ask.Nangutána ku piru way tubag,I asked but there was no answer.Nagpanguput siya sa kahadluk,He held on with all his might for fright.Walà ku makapangutána,I didn’t get a chance to ask.Makapangasáwa ka na,You can get married now.mana, mána1na title of respect to a female older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.mána.mána2nk.o. cultivated tree, the bark and leaves of which are used for spices.manágingnk.o. white parrot, the racket-tailed parrot:Prioniturus discurus.manalabtanseesabat.manámùshort foramahan námùnthe Lord’s Prayer.mananabtanseesabat.manananggal=anananggal.mananangkuynfolk doctor (general term).v[B13; a12]become a healer.mananapnanimal, beast, insect.abrute, having the feelings of a beast.Ikawng mananápa ka. Ngánung gibun-ug man nímu ang ákung anak?You beast. Why did you beat my son?-in-abeastly.manan-awngeneral name for ornamental air orchids.manandisahenpecked husband.v[B2]become henpecked.manang, mánangn1title for elder sister.2title given to any woman older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manang.(→)voc. form.short form:nang.mananggítintoddy gatherer.v[B156]be, become a toddy gatherer.manánuyasweet-sounding, melodious.Ang manánuyng tíngug sa langgam,The sweet, melodious voice of the bird.manátadnk.o. dove: the green-winged ground dove:Chalcophaps indica.túlin pa sa —very swift.manau, manaul1nk.o. parasitic air plant, with long linear lanceolate leaves radiating from the center:Asplenium nidus.manaul2nthe white-breasted sea eagle:Haliaetus leucogaster.manay, mánayntitle for a female much older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manáy.(→)voc. form.maN-ayregional alternant ofmaN-r-.manbad(fromsubad)n1any large deep-sea fish.2usurer.Nadátù siya kay mambad nga dakù,He became rich because he was a great usurer.3dakung —an important person of great influence.Si Lawril dakung mambad sa pulitika,Laurel is a big figure in politics.a1fierce and grasping.Púru mga mambad ang tagaadwána. Padug-un ka giyud ug táman,The customs people are voracious beasts. They’ll bleed you dry.2fierce, termagant woman.Túa na pud, gitapuk-an na pud si Tiryu sa íyang mambad nga asáwa,There goes Terio’s shrewish wife at him again.3s.o. that is dangerous to women.Ayawg túu níya kay mambad nà sa mga babáyi,Don’t believe him because he is dangerous to women.ka-nquality of being fierce and grasping.Ang kamambad sa pamingkúngan,The fierceness of a hammerhead shark.mandalúsa=salimbángun.Mandalúyungna district in Rizal, Luzon.taga-, gíkan sa —crazy (lit. one who has been a patient at the mental hospital inMandaluyong).mandamyintu diaristuwarrant of arrest.mandǎrn1command; word or phrase esp. in set form by which a command is given.Ang mandǎr sa kapitan pagpahúnung ug tíru,The captain’s command to cease fire.2order, a serving of food in a public eating place.Unsa man tuy ímung mandǎr, pipsi u kuk?What did you order, Pepsi or Coke?v[A; c]1command, give an order to.1acommand, order people around.Nagmandǎr na sad ang tapulan,The lazy lout is giving orders again.2order, request a serving to be brought.Nakamandǎr na ba mu?Have you ordered?mandasiyunncommand.Ang mga ultimu mutúman sa mandasiyun sa kábu,The privates follow the commands of the corporal.aliking to give orders.Mandasiyun kaáyu nang ákung maguwang unyà dì mutábang sa trabáhu,My older brother loves to give orders, and yet he doesn’t help with the work.mandasiyunseemandǎr.manday1it’s too late to be of use.Manday human na ang baratilyu,It’s too late. The sale is over.1ajust when s.t. happens that is too late or inconvenient, s.t. else happens.Manday wà tay kwarta mu puy idaut sa mga bátà,Just when we are broke, the children get sick.Manday human ka nag káun mu pay ipanangpit,You invite me to eat only after you’re done?Manday lumalarga na aku mu pay pagkaíla námù,We got acquainted just as we were about to leave town.2— untàinstead of doing what was expected.Manday untà masukù siya, mipahíyum hinúun,Instead of he getting angry, he smiled.2aalthough, despite the fact that.Manday daghang anak, gastadur hinúun,Although she has lots of children, she spends money like mad.†
manshort for the vocative ofmáma, ‘mother’.má=mala.mā̀n1onomatopoetic word for the lowing sound of a cow or a water buffalo.2a cow or water buffalo (child’s talk).v[A; b6]low, produce a lowing sound.ma-1future verb affix. (Past:na-.Subjunctive:ma-.)1potential of the direct passive. (See-un1for meanings of the direct passive. Seemaka-for meanings of the potential.)Mapalit nà nímu bísag ása,You can buy that anywhere.Wà ku pa mabása,I haven’t had a chance to read it.Uy! Dì man diayákù ning nadá nákung pitáka,Heavens, I took s.o. else’s purse by mistake.2potential of the instrumental passive. (Seei-1for meanings of the instrumental passive.)Dì ni mabaligyà kay mahal da kaáyu ang prisyu,You can’t sell this because it’s too expensive.Wà pa nákù mahátag níya kay wà pa siya muabut,I haven’t had a chance to give it to him because he hasn’t arrived.Halá! Nabungat ra ba nákù ang sikrítu,Oh God! I let out the secret.3active of stative verbs:may become [so-and-so].Ayaw nag hikápa. Magubà unyà nà,Don’t touch that. It might break.Ilhan nga mulubad nang panaptúna ug mapula ang túbig,You’ll know the cloth runs if the water turns red.Nawálà ang ákung singsing,My ring got lost.3awith roots that refer to nonvolitional actions:[do].Matingála siya ug ngánu tu,He will be amazed at why it should be so.Wà ku mabaláka,I am not worried.Mahū́g unyà ka ug mabálì ang sanga,You will fall if the branch breaks.Ug matúlug na sila,When they are asleep.Mahadluk ku,I am afraid.Dì ka ba malúuy níya?Don’t you feel sorry for him?3bwith nouns:become [so-and-so].Ug maduktur ka na,When you get to be a doctor.3cwith nouns which refer to a place:wind up in [such-and-such] a place.Malangit kag maimpirnu ba?Will you go to heaven or will you go to hell?Mauspital giyud kag pasagdan lang nà nímung sakíta,You’ll end up in the hospital if you let your sickness go.3dwith nouns referring to time: get to be [such-and-such] a time.Ug maalas tris na gánì, mulakaw na ku,If it gets to be three o’clock, I’ll leave.Ug magabíi nag wà pa siya,If it gets to be nightfall and he hasn’t arrived.3e(only with the future) when [such-and-such] a time or season comes about.Magkítà ra silag mapista,They only see each other during fiestas.Tábù dinhi ug maduminggu,They hold market here on Sundays.ma-21affix added to most adjective roots which do not refer to a measurement to form adjectives which mean ‘very [so-and-so]’. This formation is used in literary or formal styles.Usa ka mapait nga pahíyum,A very bitter smile.2added to some verbs to form adjectives meaning [do]ing, usually with a short penult.Bátang mahilak,A crybaby.Matulug,Of a sleepy sort.Matawa,Full of laughter.ma-ánunalternant ofma-un, used with some bases in place ofma-un.Masuk-ánun,Tending to get irritated.máasaold, aged.Bisan máas na siya tisar gihápung mulakaw,He may be old, but he still walks erect.v[B]become old.Kun mumáas na ang kalbásà dílì na maútan,When a squash becomes too old, it is no longer good to eat.maáyuseeáyu.mabà=mubù.mabawa1shallow.Mabaw ra kaáyu nang ímung pangatarúngan,Your reasoning is very shallow.Dì kalanguyan nang subáa kay mabaw,You can’t swim in that river. It’s too shallow.Ang baskit nga mabaw ug lubut diyútayg sulud,A shallow basket holds little.Mabaw nga panaksan,Shallow bowl.2in set expressions:— ug lubutsensitive or quick to anger.Muhílak diay bísag kumidiya ra. Kamabaw nímug lubut uy,Why did you cry when it was just a joke? How sensitive you are!3— ug salabútanunintelligent.Dúgay siyang kasabut kay mabaw rag salabútan,She doesn’t understand readily because she is unintelligent.v[B; b7c1]become shallow.Imabaw (mabwa) lang pagkálut ang tamnan ug kamúti,Just make the hole for the sweet potatoes shallow.hi-/ha-(→)seehimábawunderbabaw.-g-shallow (plural).i-nplace above s.t.Imabaw sa kaban nákù gibutang ang libru,I put the book on top of the trunk.-in-, -in-g-v[a12]do in a shallow way.Kun minagbáwun lang ni nátù pagsabut ang giisplikar sa maistru, dílì giyud ta makapasar,If you fail to understand (lit. understand shallowly) what the teacher explained, you won’t pass.ka-(←)nhalf brother, sister.Kamábaw ku siya kay paríhu mig inahan,He is my half brother because we have the same mother.v[A23]be half brothers, sisters.mabdusa1pregnant.2for rice grains to be in the panicle.Mabdus na ang humay,The rice grains are forming.v1[B26]get, make pregnant.Mimabdus si Maríya kay hagithagitun kaáyu,Maria got pregnant because she was flirtatious.1a[A1; c]carry in the womb.Gimabdus nà siya pagkamatay sa íyang amahan,He was in his mother’s womb when his father died.2[B]for rice grains to form in the panicle.3[B1]for borrowed things to have been kept too long.Dúgay kaáyu nímung giúlì ang ákung libru. Mimabdus na nà,You kept my book too long (lit. so long that it got pregnant).4[B1]— sa pasáligget fooled by assurances (lit. got pregnant because of promises).Daghan nang mimabdus sa pasálig sa mga pulitiku,Many people have been fooled by the politician’s assurances.pa-v[A; c2]get s.o. pregnant.Gipamabdus (gipamabdúsan) si Maríya niPidru,Pedro got Maria pregnant.mabgas=malubgas.mabúlunk.o. medium-sized tree of the primary forest, cultivated for its fruit. The wood is hard and used for furniture, the heartwood being nearly black:Diospyros discolor.mad-asaland that has dried up.v[B1]be, become dry land.Nagmad-as ang pilapilan nga walà na makultibar,The rice paddies are dry after being left uncultivated.mádilnfashion model.v1[A1; c]model s.t.2[B156; a2]be a fashion model.-un(→)ahaving a body like a model.madrastanstepmother.madri1nnun.— dipamilyawoman head of the family.— supiryúramother superior.v[B156; a]be, become a nun.paka-v[A; a12]pretend to be a nun, treat like a nun.madrihunahaving ways or traits of a nun.Madrihun kaáyug nawung bayhána, inusinti kaáyug dagway,That woman is like a nun. Such an innocent face.madri2nmain frame of a door or window shutter.v[c1]make a main frame of a shutter.madri kakawnsmall ornamental tree flowering profusely with pink or lavender blooms, used for firewood and fencing:Gliricidia sepium.madri míyaan exclamation of alarm, surprise, or disgust mainly by speakers who have been under Spanish influence.Madri míya, tingálig mahū́g nang bátà,My God! Watch out, the baby is going to fall.Madri míya! Nabúhat nímu tu!My God! You actually did that!madrínangodmother, the female sponsor at one’s baptism, wedding, confirmation, or ordination.v[B136; c1]be, become themadrína.madyikn1magic involving supernatural powers.2sleight-of-hand trick.Nalingaw ang mga bátà sa ákung madyik,The children enjoyed my tricks.v1[A1; a2]practice magic.2[A; a]steal s.t. small.Huy, kinsay nagmadyik sa ákung bulpin diri?Hey, who swiped my ball point pen?-írunmagician.madyung1n1sandspurs, k.o. coarse grass growing about 1′ that bears spikes with rows of round burrs, around ¼″ in diameter.2the burrs of this grass.ka-v[A13]get sandspurs all over one.madyung2nmahjong.awin the mahjong set.Pung! Madyung ku, Bingo!I get mahjong!v1[A3; a]play mahjong.Dílì na lang ta magdúlag baráha. Madyúngun ta na lang ni,Let’s not play cards. Let’s just play mahjong.2[A12]win at mahjong.Wà pa ku makamadyung,I haven’t gotten mahjong yet.-an(→)n1mahjong den.2mahjong set.3piece needed to get ‘mahjong’.Ang madyungan ni Turuy tris sirkulu,Toroy is waiting for the three circle piece.-íru,-íraamahjong addict.madyuritndrum majorette.v[B16; a2]be a majorette.mag-durative active verbal affix, future. (Past:nag-orga-.Subjunctive:mag-.)Magmata sila árung urása,They are awake at this time.Nagmata (or gamata) pa ba kahà sila?Do you think they are still awake?Walà na sila magmata,They are not awake any more. Verbs withmag-,nag-have the following meanings (as opposed to verbs withmi-,mu-—seemu-):1action not necessarily intentional.Walà siya magsulti,He didn’t say.Walà ku maghátag níya ánang librúha,I didn’t give him that book.2durative action, action or state continuing in time.Wà na siya maghilak,He isn’t crying any more.Ug magtindug ang mga táwu sa atubángan, dì mi makakità,If the people in front are standing, we won’t be able to see.2aadded to nouns.Ug magkalayu na ang kakugnan háyag kaáyu ang lángit,When the fields are ablaze, the skies light up.Human sa púlù ka gutlù, ang puthaw magbaga,After ten seconds the steel will glow.3added to verbs referring to a state:be in [such-and-such] a state.Ug mag-abri ang pultahan, musulud giyud ang lángaw,If the door is open, the flies are sure to come in.Walà na magtuyuk ang ligid,The wheel is no longer turning.3aadded to adjectives: be [adj.].Magmalipáyun ta,Let us be happy.Mawà kay hitsúra ug magpula nang ímung nawung,You will not look good if your face is all red.3badded to words referring to a state of the weather.Atúa giyud siya sa dágat, magbálud kinig maglínaw,He is at sea, whether it is wavy or calm.Mag-ulan kag mag-ínit,Rain or shine (lit. whether you are rainy or shining).4referring to an action which redounded on the agent:do [so-and-so] to oneself.Mag-ílis pa ku,I will change my clothes.Gustu kung maglumus,I want to drown myself.4aadded to nouns:become a [so-and-so].Magpárì ku,I will become a priest.Magsirkadur tingáli ning bataána,This child probably wants to become a trapeze artist.5referring to an action which two or more people did with each other. (Verbs withmag-of this sort always have penultimate stress.)Didtu sila mag-ábut,They met in that place.Magsákay ta,Let us ride together.Ug maglagyù pagkabutang ang mga balay,If the houses are far apart from one another.5awith nouns:be in the [noun] relation.Magkumpári kami ug akuy pakugúsun sa íyang anak,We will bekumpári’sif I become his child’s godfather.Mag-amígu lang ta,Let’s be friends.maga-alternative form formag-in meanings2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4. Words withmaga-can substitute for the examples there given.Magahatnpagan non-Cebuano peoples in the mountains (applies to pagans in Negros and in Mindanao).v[A13]be very touchy.Ug napildi ka ug dakù magmagahat diay ka?You are touchy just because you lost heavily?magalyánisndowntown shopping district of Cebu (after the name of Magallanes Street, which formerly was the principal shopping street in Cebu).magang, mágangv[BN]for corn to flower.Inigmagang sa mais, mugítib na ang lugas,When the corn flowers, the grains begin to develop.magasin1nmagazine, periodical.magasin2nammunition clip for automatic firearms.magaynmaguey, cultivated as a source of sisal fiber:Agave cantalaorsisalana.(←)v[A]make into sisal hemp.magay mágaynornamental plant similar to the maguey but smaller in size:Sansevieria spp.magaya=malagaya.MagindánawnMuslims of Cotabato and Zamboanga del Sur.magka-durative active future for verbs referring to a state: be, becoming more and more [so-and-so]. (Past:nagka-.Subjunctive:magka-.) Verbs with this affix always have a stressed final syllable.Imbis nga magkakusug, nagkahinay hinúun,Instead of getting faster and faster, it was getting slower and slower.Wà lagi magkaduul ang bapur nganhi, nagkalayù hinúun,The boat is not coming nearer. It’s actually getting further and further away.magka-(←)potential active verb affix, future. (Past:nagka-. Subjunctive:magka-.) Used with verbs referring to mutual actions (cf.mag-1, 5) but otherwise paralleling the potential meanings listed undermaka-.1can [do] with each other.Dì tang tanan magkasákay,We cannot all ride together.2manage to [do] with each other.Wà mi magkasábut,We didn’t manage to come to an agreement.Nagkaábut sila sa tungàtúngà,They met in the middle.3happen to [do] with each other.Ug magkakítà gánì ang ímung babáyig asáwa,If your mistress and your wife happen to run into each other.mag-l-alternant ofmag-r-, and usually in competition with it, but with some roots onlymag-r-is frequent or the form withmag-r-has acquired a different nuance.Magbalantay,Watchman.Magbuluhat ug mga mwiblis,Furniture maker.maglalatiknk.o. folk dance in which half coconut shells are knocked to the rhythm of the accompanying music.magnisyanmilk of magnesia.— simplia half dose of milk of magnesia (as opposed to— dubli, the full dose).magnitn1magnet.2kissing scene (slang—from the notion that the faces come together as if magnetized).Daghang magnit ánang salidáha,There are plenty of kissing scenes in that movie.3syúgar —sugar magnate.v[A; a]1pick up with a magnet.2swipe, steal, spirit away.Kinsay nagmagnit sa ákung bálùn?Who swiped my lunch?3[C]kiss one another usually in a show (slang).awon over.Inigkanta nímu, magnit na silang tanan,When you sing, they’ll all be won over.mag-r-nprefix added to verbs to form nouns which refer to one who does [verb] on a regular basis.Magbabantay,Watchman.Magsusúlat,Writer.Magpapatigayun,Businessman.Magyuyutà,Landowner or farmer.Magbubúhat,The Creator (God) or one who does.magsúunsee*súun.magtalisaynk.o. tree similar in shape and appearance to thetalísay, but with smaller leaves and harder wood:Terminalia sp.mágun1magi.2s.o. outstanding, expert.Mágu sa kinablit,A wizard at the guitar.mágùntarsier.magus=amagus.máhanname given to various puddings and confections.— blangkapudding made of kernels of young corn and coconut milk or just plain milk.— diúbia pudding made ofúbiand coconut milk.— riyalcandy made out of peanuts, milk, and sugar.mahala1dear, expensive.Mahal na kaáyu ang bugas karun,Rice is very expensive now.Magbáyad kag mahal sa ímung gibúhat,You shall pay dearly for what you have done.2beloved.Siya ang ákung mahal (minahal) nga bána,He is my beloved husband.3blessed (address to saints).Pasalamáti ang Mahal nga Birhin,Give thanks to the Blessed Virgin.4— nga adlawthe days of the Lenten season.5in set phrases: very little, almost without.— ug pahíyumstingy withthe smiles.— ug tíngugweak-voiced.v1[B; ab7]become expensive, go up in price.Basta Amirkánu mupalit, mahalun giyug baligyà,For an American the price is always jacked up.2[A; a12]love.Ang mga bayáni nagmahal sa ílang yútang natawhan,Heroes love their native land.Gimahal ku ikaw,I love you.-in-nbeloved, dear one.ka-an(←)nmajesty (address to royalty).Matúman ang ímung gihangyù, kamahálan,Your order will be fulfilled, Your Majesty.-l-un(←), -un(←)aprecious.-unadear or costly kind.ma-in-un(←)aloving, affectionate.mahan=man kahà(dialectal).seeman.maharlikanthe name given to the native nobles in pre-Hispanic times.máhaynfeelings of hurt and regret at what s.o. did.Arun walay máhay apúran ta kamung tanan,So there will be no hurt feelings, I’ll give you each one.v[A; b3c5]have feelings of hurt.Nagmáhay kung napalit ku tung sapatúsa,I’m sorry I bought those shoes.Ikay ákung gimaháyan sa nahitabù,I blame you for (lit. you are the reason I’m regretting) what happened.Gikamaháyan ta ka kay wà ka mudúaw nákù,You hurt me because you did not pay me a visit.walay —v[A13]there was nobody that felt bad, said in two situations: when people who attack on s.o. are beaten up instead (i.e., they cannot blame anyone but themselves), and when people who set on s.o. are unsuccessful (i.e., no one felt bad because they were successful).mahikanmagic.mahikunword referring to an unknown location when asking or giving a location, usually used in anger.Lupad ngadtu sa mahiku, animála ka,Get out, I don’t care where, you beast.Ambut ásang mahikúha tu nákù ikabutang ang pisti nga hunsuy,I don’t know where the heck I left that blinkety-blank pipe.mahistrádunjudge.v[B156; a12]be made, become a judge.mahuganinmahogany.maigangnmedium to large tree of the primary forest, with fruit similar in flavor and taste tolungbuy:Eugenia polycephaloides.mailúku=mamilúku.ma-in-un(←), ma-in-ánunalternant ofma-unused with some bases in place ofma-un.Matinabángun,Helpful.Masinabtánun,Full of understanding.maisn1maize, the corn plant or any part of it.1abugas —corn grits.Mahal na ang prisyu sa bugas mais karun,The price of corn grits has increased.v[A1]have corn grits as one’s staple food.Nagmais lang mi kay barátu man kay sa humay,We had corn grits as our staple food because it is cheaper than rice.-an, ka-an, -alncornfield.v[A1; a12]have a cornfield.maismáisn1ornamental plant similar to the corn plant, and growing up to 3′:Dracaena sanderianaandD.fragrans.2folding knife with a handle that is made of sheet metal, molded into the form of an ear of corn.3name given to the largest species of flying fish (bangsi).-un=maismáis,3.maistran1female teacher.1aterm of address or title for a teacher.Nía na si Maistra Lúling,Here is Mrs. Loling, the teacher.2education course.Maistra ang gikúhang kursu ni Pirla,Perla is majoring in Education.(→)voc.teacher, ma’am.v1[A; b6]for a woman to teach.Tunghaan nga gimaistráhan ni Sunya,The school where Sonia is teaching.2[B156; a1]be a (female) teacher.Maistráhun ku ning ákung anak,I’ll make my daughter into a teacher.ubra —seeubra.maistrun1, 1a=maistra(male).2education course.3the leader or instigator of activity, usually bad.Ikay maistru sa tanang mga binúang,You are the instigator of all the foolishness.4band or orchestra master.Pasakalyi, maistru, kay mukanta ku,Introduction, maestro. I shall sing now.— ámuboatswain.— kusiníruchief cook.v1[A; a]teach.2[B6; a1]be a teacher. †maka-1potential active verb affix, future. (Past:naka-.Subjunctive:maka-.Short form:ka-.)Dì ku makaalsa (kaalsa) niánà,I cannot lift that.Nakatilaw (katilaw) na ku niánà,I have tried that.Wà ku makasakay (kasakay),I couldn’t get a ride.1refers to an action s.o. has the capability of doing. (Only the future form is used in this meaning.)Makamau na kung mukinatsilà sa nag-idad kug diyis,I knew how to speak Spanish when I was ten years old.2refers to an action which one had the opportunity or managed to do.Ug makaadtu ku sa inyu human sa paniudtu, muhapit ku,If I get a chance to go to your place after lunch, I’ll drop in.Wà ku makalakaw kay síging abut ang mga bisíta,I didn’t have a chance to go out because we kept having visitors.2awith nouns:manage to get.Ug trís ákung mahulbut run, makamadyung ku,If I draw a three, I will get mahjong.Niíning trabahúa hálus ta makasininà,With this work I can hardly earn enough to buy a shirt.3refers to an accidental or unintentional action.Diriyut siya makaihì sa dihang gilatigu siya sa íyanginahan,Her mother whipped her so hard she nearly wet her pants.Makaingun kag nindut ug makakità ka,Once you see it, you won’t be able to help exclaiming at how beautiful it is.maka-2short form:ka-4naffix added to numbers to form words which mean [do so-and-so] many times.Makapila (kapila) ku na ikaw ingna?How many times did I tell you?Makaduha na ku malígù didtu,I have gone swimming there twice.Makadaghan na ku mabiktima,I have been victimized many times.makahiyà=kipìkipì.seekipì.makalibri=kalibri2.makann1macan, k.o. large-grained rice of wet fields, highly prized for ordinary eating.2k.o. very fat pig.aobese.Gwapahun untang bayhána apan makan lang,She’s quite beautiful, only she’s fat.makapunù(frompunù)nvariety of coconut which produces ordinary fruit and once in a while fruit which are completely full of soft meat, slightly harder near the shell. Themakapunùfruit is highly esteemed and is used for sweets.maka-r-affix added to verbs referring to a state to form adjectives which mean cause s.o. to get into [such-and-such] a state to a great extent. Forms with this affix usually have long penults.Makasusúbung hitabù,A very saddening event.Makalulúuy,Inspiring pity.Makalalagut,Angering.makarúninmacaroni.v[A13]cook a macaroni dish.Makawn1Chinaman from Macao.2Chinaman in a restaurant business (so called because many cooks in Chinese restaurants immigrated from Macao).lútung —seelútù.máki1na large, enamel-coated, round, metal platter, 18″ or so in diameter for holding cooked rice or corn.máki2na Chinese dish of sliced meats, stewed and thickened with cornstarch.makig-(←)prefix added to bases with a prefixpakig-to indicate future, volitional active forms.Past:nakig-.Subjunctive:makig-. No durative or potential forms. (Seepakig-for meanings.)Short forms:kig-andtig-.Makigkáun (kigkáun, tigkáun) siya nákù sa gawas,He wants to take me out to eat.Nakig-áway siyag dakung táwu,He picked a fight with a large person.Walà ku makigpustaánay níya,I did not challenge him to bet.makinan1machine.2engine.Dílì na muandar ang makina sa awtu,The automobile engine won’t start.3sewing machine.Ang makina kinahanglánun kaáyu sa sastri,A sewing machine is a necessity to a dressmaker.4— sa bugascorn, rice mill.— dimuturnmotorized machine, engine.v[a12]1do by machine.Ayawg kinamuta nà pagtahì, makinaha nà,Don’t sew it with your hands. Do it by machine.2put an engine s.w.makinaryan1machinery, set of machinery put together for a specific use.2machinery, set of activities or groups organized to accomplish s.t.Ang makinarya sa Partídu Libiral,The machinery of the Liberal Party.makinilyan1typewriter.2clipper to trim hair.3windlass.v1[A; a2]type.Makinilyáhun giyud basta sulat nga aplikisiyun,Letters of application should be typed.1a[A; a12]hit with a number of rapid blows, as if punching a typewriter.Gimakinilya nákù siyag dyab,I hit him with a rapid-fire succession of jabs.2cut hair with a clipper.-ádu, -in-atypewritten.†makinistanengine man, machine operator.v[B16; a2]become an engine man.makinítan1process of embroidery done by pricking the needle over the design on the top side of the cloth until the whole design is completed, after which the design on the bottom side is trimmed. The top becomes the right side.2needle for this sort of embroidery.v[A; a2]embroider in this method.makmakv1[A; a1]pound s.t. hard with s.t.Makmáka ang puthaw samtang ínit pa,Pound the iron while it is hot.2[A; ab2]beat severely, pound.2a— ug kasábà, sulti[A; a12]scold severely, lambast.Dì ka ángay mumakmak níyag kasábà kay dì ka ginikánan,You have no right to scold him severely because you are not his father.makra=marka.maksut=laksut.mákù=dakù(dialectal).— dyamùvery big.Mákù dyamù ang ílang báy,They have a huge house.makúpank.o. small tree cultivated for its red, top-shaped fruits, with white, spongy meat and a mild flavor, a large meaty variety of theSyzygium samarangense. The same genus astambis,but much firmer of flesh.maln1in billiards, a false shot causing one to lose his turn.2unlucky number.Daghang mahadluk sa numiru trísi kay mal kunu,Lots of people are afraid of thirteen because it is said to be an unlucky number.v[B126]make a bad shot.Mamal kag láin ang maigù sa bulamánu,You lose your turn if you hitthe wrong ball.— numiru=mal,n2.— tirádanin billiards, a shot that is not well executed.Mal tiráda tung ímu kay layù ra kaáyu sa lungag ang ímung gitiráhan,That was a bad shot. The target ball was a mile from the pocket.malaa1dry, not wet.Mala na ang mga hinayhay,The clothes that were hung up are dry now.2not displaying lively attention, disinterested.Tingálig dì siya muapil kay mala siya ug tinubagan,He probably won’t participate because he gave a disinterested answer.v1[APB; a2]dry up, become dried.Mimala ang mga sapà,The rivers dried up.Ang kaínit sa adlaw mauy mumala (mupamala) sa mga basakan,The heat of the sun will dry the rice fields up.Nag-úsik lang sa panahun ang nagmala (nagpamala) íning salúga,Whoever dried this floor off was just wasting his time.Tiil nga makamalag (makapamalag) basakan,Big feet (lit. that can dry up a rice paddy).Namad-an ug singut ang íyang bukubuku,The sweat on his back has dried up.2[A13]be uninteresting, boring.Wà ku mutiwas sa sini kay nagmala lang,I did not see the movie to the end because it was boring.2a[b4]— sa dugùbecome pale.Pagpangutána sa pulis, gimad-an sa dugù ang nawung sa dalága,The lady’s face became pale when the policeman questioned her.ma-nland.Ang ubang bakì nagpuyù sa túbig, ug ang uban sa mamala,Some frogs live in water and some on land.tilapya sa ma-nprostitute (humorous).kamad-annupland rice field.malabagákaynk.o. rattan used in house building.malabanu=gwayabanu.malabutangnk.o. rattan used in construction.malagayank.o. white-husked rice with very small, roundish, white grains, used in preparation of medicinal rice cakes or mixed with medicinal plants in poultices.Malakanyan, MalakanyangnMalacañang, the Philippine Presidential Palace.mal-ama1old in age.2grown up, but not doing things befitting one’s age (derogatory).Mal-am na, lubut gihápuy ilingkud,He is already grown but he hasn’t got anything upstairs (lit. all he does with his buttocks is sit on them—a readily understood circumlocution which avoids stating outright a hurtful truth).malangsink.o. sardine or small herring, growing to 4″ long and 1″ wide.malapatink.o. fish.malapi(not withoutl)kumpradur di-none who buys goods which he knows the seller has no right to dispose of.v[B1256]be a buyer of stolen goods.Makumpradur dimalapi giyud ka kun makapalit ka niánang kináwat,You’ll be a buyer of stolen goods if you buy that stolen article.malapuntink.o. red deep-sea fish with big reddish scales, 2′ by 6″, similar to a snapper, but with a filament projecting from the tip of the tail.malaryanmalaria.v[A123P; a4]get, cause to get malaria.Way lamuk nga makamalarya (makapamalarya) dinhi,There are no mosquitoes here that cause malaria.Tambáli ang gimalarya,Give medicine to the man with malaria.malaryahunahaving malaria.málasseedimálas.malasádu, malasáwuasoft-boiled, half-cooked.Malasádung itlug,Soft-boiled eggs.Ang atay malasádu nga pagkalútù,The liver was cooked rare.v[A1B26; a2]come out soft, rare, cause to do so.malasugi, malasúginswordfish or sailfish:Xiphias gladius, et al.malatáluabananas that are almost full-grown (but still far from ripe).Basta tinggutum tub-un na ang ságing bísag malatálu pa kaáyu,In times of famine they cut down the bananas even before they mature.v[B3; b6]for bananas to reach this stage.malatinduknmackerel scad, k.o. carangoid fish, but long and fleshy like atindukbanana.*málaywalay —innocently unaware, unknowing (slang).Way málay ang asáwa nga may kabit ang íyang bána,The wife was unaware that her husband had a mistress.Wà silay málay nga gipitluk nag ílang manuk,They were unaware that their chicken had been stolen.maláyangnk.o. fine, white rice introduced by the PACD.malaypálaynpoisonous part of the viscera and skin of a pufferfish, which is removed before eating.MaláyunMalay in race.atending to have the features of the Malayan race.malbas=marbas.maldisiyunnmalediction, a curse.v[A; b2c1]curse.Imaldisiyun (maldisiyunun) siya sa párì,The priest will pronounce a malediction on him.maldíta=maldítu(female).maldítua1naughty, evil.Kadtung maldítung bátà ang nagpapilit sa babulgam sa ímung sinínà,That naughty child put bubble gum on your dress.Daghang maldítusa piyir,There are lots of bad types at the waterfront.2having unexpected ability.Maldítu! Natubag giyud ang dyakpat nga pangutána dà,He’s smart! He answered the jackpot question correctly.— sa babáyione who deceives women.v[B12; b6]become naughty.-in-(→)ain an evil way.v[A; b]do mischief, evil, philander.Makamau nang muminalditu ang gamay kung anak,My little baby has already learned how to be naughty.mal-idukáda=mal-idukádu(female).mal-idukáduaill-educated, ill-mannered.v[B126; b6]be ill-educated or bad-mannered.malígas=hulmígas.malignunspirits of departed people who have not entered heaven and are doing their penance (kundínu). If they are not prayed for they may inflict sickness as a reminder.ispiritu —=malignu.v[A1; a4]be sick with an illness sent by amalignu.malignù=karbalyas.malimnu=karbalyas.malingkaseehimalingka.malisyan1awareness of sex.Dúna na siyay malisya kay dì na man maghúbù ug malígù,She is already aware of her sex because she won’t bathe in the nude any longer.2bad thoughts regarding sex.Ug way malisya, ngánung miagik-ik man ka?If you are not harboring evil thoughts, why are you snickering?3ill will.Way malisya ang ákung paghátag niíni,There’s no ill intent in my giving this to you.4bad omen, usually of death or misfortune.v[A13; b]send such an omen.Nagmalisya siya únà mamatay. Nagpakítà únà siya sa íyang mga anak nga túa sa Amirika,He sent an omen before he died. He appeared to his children in America.malisyúsa=malisyúsu(female).malisyúsua1conscious of sex in an unwholesome way.Ngánung dì ka man pagúnit? Kamalisyúsu gud nímu!Why don’t you want me to touch your hands? How sex-conscious you are!2maliciously done, out of ill will.Malisyúsung mga pasángil nga way gipasikáran,Malicious and baseless accusations.v[B12; a2]1be, become sex conscious in an unwholesome way.2become malicious in behavior.málitnmallet.malítansuitcase.v[A13]carry a suitcase.Magmalíta lang ku kay daghan kug dalhunun,I’ll take a suitcase because I have so many things to take.malitinn1a leather bag designed to hold medicine and some medical instruments.2a small suitcase.malmal1v[B1256; a12]be taught, rehearsed, or be inculcated to a high degree.Namalmal mig maáyu sa ininglis kay Amirkánu ámung maistru,We were taught English thoroughly because our teacher was an American.Malmálun nátù ang bátà sa bili sa pagdagínut,We will inculcate the value of thrift in the children’s minds.malmal2v1[A; a1]beat s.o. up, usually in the mouth.Akuy mimalmal sa irù nga mikáun sa isdà,I gave the dog that ate the fish a sound beating.2[A; a12]use s.t. or scold s.o. abusively.Natural nagubà ang makinilya kay gimalmal,Of course he broke the typewriter because he abused it.Malmálun kag kasábà bísag gamayng sayup,You get abusive scoldings for the slightest mistakes.malpagadurafailing to pay one’s debts.v[B1256]get to be a defaulter in one’s debts.Ug mamalpagadur ka, wà nay musálig pagpaútang nímu,If you become a bad debtor, no one will dare allow you credit.-a(←)=malpagadur(female).maltabánanglazed brown urn, about 2′ high with a small mouth and handles at the shoulders.v[A13; a12]make into, put in glazed clay jars.maltratarv[A; a12]maltreat, mistreat.Maltratahun siya sa íyang amaáma,His stepfather will maltreat him.*málu— pa ug1on the chance that [such-and-such]a good thing happen.Palit tag swipstik, málu pag makaswirti,Let’s buy a sweepstake ticket. We might just win.2[so-and-so] isn’t bad, if that is what comes out.Málu pa nà ug swildúhan kag bayinting adlaw?Would it be bad if you were paid twenty pesos a day?malù1—[dat.]serves [dat.] right.Malù nímu nga gipagirawut kay tapulan ka,Serves you right that you were fired because you are lazy.malù2, málù1npollen of corn.v[A1]grow pollen.Dì na dúgayng masanggì ang mais basta magmalù na,It won’t be long before the corn can be harvested if there is pollen in the tassel.málù2nthe one who is ‘it’ in the game oftakyanor marbles.v[A; a12]make a person remain ‘it’ for a long time.Malúun kug maáyu si Huwan pinaági sa pagpátid sa takyan ug layù,I’ll make Juan be ‘it’ for a long time by kicking the shuttlecock far away.malubgasnk.o. small anchovy with a dark blue dorsal region and silvery white on its ventral region, widely eaten preserved in salt.maluíbunnname given to ornamental climbing vines with dark green or yellow green cordate leaves, often grown indoors:Scindapsus aureusandPhilodendron oxycardium.málungnname of the sarong worn by the Muslims.v[A13; b6(1)]wear amálung.2[a2]make into amálung.malunggay=kalamunggay.málus1ahighly fermented salted fish paste.Málus na ang ginamus,The salted fish paste is already highly fermented.v1[AB2]for salted fish to become highly fermented, cause it to do so.2[B]develop a horrible smell.Kalígù na kay nagkamálus ka na,Take a bath. You’re beginning to smell awful.malyítingavel.malyurkana k.o. liquor of low proof made from cane sugar, flavored with anise.mámn1ma’am, term of address to a teacher or woman of high station.Maáyung buntag kanímu, mám,Good morning, Ma’am.2lady teacher.Usa sa mga mám nákù sa hayiskul mau si Mis Agápay,One of my teachers in high school was Miss Agapay.v[A13; a12]call s.o. Ma’am.máma1nmother.v[B13; a12]call s.o.máma.máma2nmute.v[B12]become a mute.Namáma nà siya tungud sa kalísang,He was struck dumb by his great fright.mamàn1chew of betel nut (búnga) and piper betel leaves (búyù) with lime (ápug) and optionally tobacco.2action of chewing.v[AC12; a12]chew betel nut.Dì ku makamamà kay hálang,I can’t chew betel because it burns the tongue.— ug dugùv[A13; c]get a bloody mouth (lit. chew blood).Magmamà ka giyug dugù ug hisumbagan ta ka,You will have a bloody mouth if I punch you.mam-anan, malam-anncontainer for the lime, betel nut, and betel leaf.malam-unnset of complete ingredients ready for chewing.hiN-afond of chewing betel.mamadurnbreast pump.v[b]use a breast pump.mámamn1baby talk forinum‘drink’.2drinking spree (humorous slang).v1[A]drink (baby talk).2[AC; a]hold a drinking spree.Puwa na ang tápay, nakamámam tingáli,His ears are red. He must have had s.t. to drink.mamayn1wet nurse.2any nursemaid.v1[A; a]wet-nurse.Gimamay ang bátà nga ílu,The orphaned infant was wet-nursed.2[A; a]take care of a child.Siyay nagmamay sa tanan námung mga bátà,She took care of all our children.mambad=manbad.mambunmambo, a Latin American dance and its music.v1[A; a12]dance the mambo.2[c1]play music in mambo rhythm.mámi1nmommy.v[A3; a12]call s.o. mommy.mámi2na Chinese dish consisting of soup and narrow egg noodles with meat.v[A; a]makemámi.mamilúkunchild’s sunsuit, a one-piece romper with short pants and no sleeves.v1[A; a]wear a sunsuit.2[c16]make into a sunsuit.maming=lubaylúbay,n.seelubay.mampudshort formánu man pud.seengánuandupud.MampurnMontford, a person who is said to have lived in olden times.karáan pa ni —older than Montford.Tabas sa íyang bistídu nga karáan pa ni Mampur,Style of dress that dates back to Montford’s time.panahun pa ni —very old, from Montford’s time.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur ang ákung radiyu ug wà pa giyud magubà,My radio is as old as the hills and still in fine shape.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur nang kumidiyáha,That joke is as old as the hills.mamsà1n1name given to the large species ofCaranx, a highly-prized food fish.2dakung —influential, important person.mamsà2nschoolteacher, humorous word play onmám.Ayaw mug sábà kay náa na si Mamsà,Everybody shut up. The teacher is coming.v[B126]be a schoolmarm.mamun1nk.o. sponge cake.v[A; a12]make, make intomamun.mamun2nk.o. fruit tree similar to agwayabanubut with a smaller and rounder fruit:Anona sp.mámurd, mámurdsa1marbles without a flaw.2for girls to be well-rounded and smooth-skinned.Mámurds kaáyu ang trátu ni Bin,Ben’s girl friend is very beautiful.mamurayv[C2]compare which is the smoothest, most well-rounded.Mamuray tag dyúlin,Let’s compare our marbles to see which is the smoothest and best rounded.man1because.Kay ang íya dapit man sa dáhun, mamúnga dáyun,Because his part was the part with the leaves, it would bear fruit quickly.— ugudbecause (giving an explanation).Namatay ang tanum kay wà man gud bùbúi,The plant died because no one watered it.2after an interrogative:particle to make the question not abrupt.Háin man siya?Could you tell me where he is?3particle with a statement contradicting a previous statement or presumption.Dì man nà mau,That’s not the one.4particle with a statement giving information.Nía man si Pidru karung buntága,Oh, Pedro is here this morning.— diayI notice that.Nindut man diay ka kaáyung mukanta!Oh, I see you sing very beautifully.— kahà[so-and-so] apparently is the case.Kami man kahay muluhud, anus-a man ang kasal?We are supposed to sponsor you, so when is the wedding going to be?Dì lang ka tagáan. Dì man kahà ka gustu,I won’t give you any. You apparently won’t want any, anyway.— lagiI notice [so-and-so] is the case, nevertheless.Ingun siya dì ka muanhi. Nía ka man lagi,He said you weren’t coming, but here you are!5in other phrases:ingun —as well as.Mubuhis ang tagasyudad ingun man ang tagabaryu,The city people, as well as the barrio folks, pay taxes.mau — gánìthat’s why, despite what you would expect ...Mau man gánì nga namula ang ákung pánit kay nabulad ku,I have red skin, despite what you would expect, because I was out in the sun.na —seena,4.pála — runthat’s flattery.Pála man run ug dì pa tinúud,That would have been flattery if it were not true.túud —and so, as one would expect.Túud man miabut dáyun ang pulis,And so, as one would expect, the police immediately arrived.maN-(see p. xvi for the meaning of the symbol N)prefix added to bases with a prefixpaN-to indicate future volitional active forms. (pastnaN-;subjunctivemaN-.Durative forms: future and subjunctivemagpaN-(→);pastnagpaN-(→).Potential active: future and subjunctivemakapaN-;pastnakapaN-.)Mangutána ta kun háin siya,Let us ask where he is.Wà siya mangutána,He didn’t ask.Nangutána ku piru way tubag,I asked but there was no answer.Nagpanguput siya sa kahadluk,He held on with all his might for fright.Walà ku makapangutána,I didn’t get a chance to ask.Makapangasáwa ka na,You can get married now.mana, mána1na title of respect to a female older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.mána.mána2nk.o. cultivated tree, the bark and leaves of which are used for spices.manágingnk.o. white parrot, the racket-tailed parrot:Prioniturus discurus.manalabtanseesabat.manámùshort foramahan námùnthe Lord’s Prayer.mananabtanseesabat.manananggal=anananggal.mananangkuynfolk doctor (general term).v[B13; a12]become a healer.mananapnanimal, beast, insect.abrute, having the feelings of a beast.Ikawng mananápa ka. Ngánung gibun-ug man nímu ang ákung anak?You beast. Why did you beat my son?-in-abeastly.manan-awngeneral name for ornamental air orchids.manandisahenpecked husband.v[B2]become henpecked.manang, mánangn1title for elder sister.2title given to any woman older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manang.(→)voc. form.short form:nang.mananggítintoddy gatherer.v[B156]be, become a toddy gatherer.manánuyasweet-sounding, melodious.Ang manánuyng tíngug sa langgam,The sweet, melodious voice of the bird.manátadnk.o. dove: the green-winged ground dove:Chalcophaps indica.túlin pa sa —very swift.manau, manaul1nk.o. parasitic air plant, with long linear lanceolate leaves radiating from the center:Asplenium nidus.manaul2nthe white-breasted sea eagle:Haliaetus leucogaster.manay, mánayntitle for a female much older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manáy.(→)voc. form.maN-ayregional alternant ofmaN-r-.manbad(fromsubad)n1any large deep-sea fish.2usurer.Nadátù siya kay mambad nga dakù,He became rich because he was a great usurer.3dakung —an important person of great influence.Si Lawril dakung mambad sa pulitika,Laurel is a big figure in politics.a1fierce and grasping.Púru mga mambad ang tagaadwána. Padug-un ka giyud ug táman,The customs people are voracious beasts. They’ll bleed you dry.2fierce, termagant woman.Túa na pud, gitapuk-an na pud si Tiryu sa íyang mambad nga asáwa,There goes Terio’s shrewish wife at him again.3s.o. that is dangerous to women.Ayawg túu níya kay mambad nà sa mga babáyi,Don’t believe him because he is dangerous to women.ka-nquality of being fierce and grasping.Ang kamambad sa pamingkúngan,The fierceness of a hammerhead shark.mandalúsa=salimbángun.Mandalúyungna district in Rizal, Luzon.taga-, gíkan sa —crazy (lit. one who has been a patient at the mental hospital inMandaluyong).mandamyintu diaristuwarrant of arrest.mandǎrn1command; word or phrase esp. in set form by which a command is given.Ang mandǎr sa kapitan pagpahúnung ug tíru,The captain’s command to cease fire.2order, a serving of food in a public eating place.Unsa man tuy ímung mandǎr, pipsi u kuk?What did you order, Pepsi or Coke?v[A; c]1command, give an order to.1acommand, order people around.Nagmandǎr na sad ang tapulan,The lazy lout is giving orders again.2order, request a serving to be brought.Nakamandǎr na ba mu?Have you ordered?mandasiyunncommand.Ang mga ultimu mutúman sa mandasiyun sa kábu,The privates follow the commands of the corporal.aliking to give orders.Mandasiyun kaáyu nang ákung maguwang unyà dì mutábang sa trabáhu,My older brother loves to give orders, and yet he doesn’t help with the work.mandasiyunseemandǎr.manday1it’s too late to be of use.Manday human na ang baratilyu,It’s too late. The sale is over.1ajust when s.t. happens that is too late or inconvenient, s.t. else happens.Manday wà tay kwarta mu puy idaut sa mga bátà,Just when we are broke, the children get sick.Manday human ka nag káun mu pay ipanangpit,You invite me to eat only after you’re done?Manday lumalarga na aku mu pay pagkaíla námù,We got acquainted just as we were about to leave town.2— untàinstead of doing what was expected.Manday untà masukù siya, mipahíyum hinúun,Instead of he getting angry, he smiled.2aalthough, despite the fact that.Manday daghang anak, gastadur hinúun,Although she has lots of children, she spends money like mad.†
manshort for the vocative ofmáma, ‘mother’.
má=mala.
mā̀n1onomatopoetic word for the lowing sound of a cow or a water buffalo.2a cow or water buffalo (child’s talk).v[A; b6]low, produce a lowing sound.
ma-1future verb affix. (Past:na-.Subjunctive:ma-.)1potential of the direct passive. (See-un1for meanings of the direct passive. Seemaka-for meanings of the potential.)Mapalit nà nímu bísag ása,You can buy that anywhere.Wà ku pa mabása,I haven’t had a chance to read it.Uy! Dì man diayákù ning nadá nákung pitáka,Heavens, I took s.o. else’s purse by mistake.2potential of the instrumental passive. (Seei-1for meanings of the instrumental passive.)Dì ni mabaligyà kay mahal da kaáyu ang prisyu,You can’t sell this because it’s too expensive.Wà pa nákù mahátag níya kay wà pa siya muabut,I haven’t had a chance to give it to him because he hasn’t arrived.Halá! Nabungat ra ba nákù ang sikrítu,Oh God! I let out the secret.3active of stative verbs:may become [so-and-so].Ayaw nag hikápa. Magubà unyà nà,Don’t touch that. It might break.Ilhan nga mulubad nang panaptúna ug mapula ang túbig,You’ll know the cloth runs if the water turns red.Nawálà ang ákung singsing,My ring got lost.3awith roots that refer to nonvolitional actions:[do].Matingála siya ug ngánu tu,He will be amazed at why it should be so.Wà ku mabaláka,I am not worried.Mahū́g unyà ka ug mabálì ang sanga,You will fall if the branch breaks.Ug matúlug na sila,When they are asleep.Mahadluk ku,I am afraid.Dì ka ba malúuy níya?Don’t you feel sorry for him?3bwith nouns:become [so-and-so].Ug maduktur ka na,When you get to be a doctor.3cwith nouns which refer to a place:wind up in [such-and-such] a place.Malangit kag maimpirnu ba?Will you go to heaven or will you go to hell?Mauspital giyud kag pasagdan lang nà nímung sakíta,You’ll end up in the hospital if you let your sickness go.3dwith nouns referring to time: get to be [such-and-such] a time.Ug maalas tris na gánì, mulakaw na ku,If it gets to be three o’clock, I’ll leave.Ug magabíi nag wà pa siya,If it gets to be nightfall and he hasn’t arrived.3e(only with the future) when [such-and-such] a time or season comes about.Magkítà ra silag mapista,They only see each other during fiestas.Tábù dinhi ug maduminggu,They hold market here on Sundays.
ma-21affix added to most adjective roots which do not refer to a measurement to form adjectives which mean ‘very [so-and-so]’. This formation is used in literary or formal styles.Usa ka mapait nga pahíyum,A very bitter smile.2added to some verbs to form adjectives meaning [do]ing, usually with a short penult.Bátang mahilak,A crybaby.Matulug,Of a sleepy sort.Matawa,Full of laughter.
ma-ánunalternant ofma-un, used with some bases in place ofma-un.Masuk-ánun,Tending to get irritated.
máasaold, aged.Bisan máas na siya tisar gihápung mulakaw,He may be old, but he still walks erect.v[B]become old.Kun mumáas na ang kalbásà dílì na maútan,When a squash becomes too old, it is no longer good to eat.
maáyuseeáyu.
mabà=mubù.
mabawa1shallow.Mabaw ra kaáyu nang ímung pangatarúngan,Your reasoning is very shallow.Dì kalanguyan nang subáa kay mabaw,You can’t swim in that river. It’s too shallow.Ang baskit nga mabaw ug lubut diyútayg sulud,A shallow basket holds little.Mabaw nga panaksan,Shallow bowl.2in set expressions:— ug lubutsensitive or quick to anger.Muhílak diay bísag kumidiya ra. Kamabaw nímug lubut uy,Why did you cry when it was just a joke? How sensitive you are!3— ug salabútanunintelligent.Dúgay siyang kasabut kay mabaw rag salabútan,She doesn’t understand readily because she is unintelligent.v[B; b7c1]become shallow.Imabaw (mabwa) lang pagkálut ang tamnan ug kamúti,Just make the hole for the sweet potatoes shallow.hi-/ha-(→)seehimábawunderbabaw.-g-shallow (plural).i-nplace above s.t.Imabaw sa kaban nákù gibutang ang libru,I put the book on top of the trunk.-in-, -in-g-v[a12]do in a shallow way.Kun minagbáwun lang ni nátù pagsabut ang giisplikar sa maistru, dílì giyud ta makapasar,If you fail to understand (lit. understand shallowly) what the teacher explained, you won’t pass.ka-(←)nhalf brother, sister.Kamábaw ku siya kay paríhu mig inahan,He is my half brother because we have the same mother.v[A23]be half brothers, sisters.
mabdusa1pregnant.2for rice grains to be in the panicle.Mabdus na ang humay,The rice grains are forming.v1[B26]get, make pregnant.Mimabdus si Maríya kay hagithagitun kaáyu,Maria got pregnant because she was flirtatious.1a[A1; c]carry in the womb.Gimabdus nà siya pagkamatay sa íyang amahan,He was in his mother’s womb when his father died.2[B]for rice grains to form in the panicle.3[B1]for borrowed things to have been kept too long.Dúgay kaáyu nímung giúlì ang ákung libru. Mimabdus na nà,You kept my book too long (lit. so long that it got pregnant).4[B1]— sa pasáligget fooled by assurances (lit. got pregnant because of promises).Daghan nang mimabdus sa pasálig sa mga pulitiku,Many people have been fooled by the politician’s assurances.pa-v[A; c2]get s.o. pregnant.Gipamabdus (gipamabdúsan) si Maríya niPidru,Pedro got Maria pregnant.
mabgas=malubgas.
mabúlunk.o. medium-sized tree of the primary forest, cultivated for its fruit. The wood is hard and used for furniture, the heartwood being nearly black:Diospyros discolor.
mad-asaland that has dried up.v[B1]be, become dry land.Nagmad-as ang pilapilan nga walà na makultibar,The rice paddies are dry after being left uncultivated.
mádilnfashion model.v1[A1; c]model s.t.2[B156; a2]be a fashion model.-un(→)ahaving a body like a model.
madrastanstepmother.
madri1nnun.— dipamilyawoman head of the family.— supiryúramother superior.v[B156; a]be, become a nun.paka-v[A; a12]pretend to be a nun, treat like a nun.madrihunahaving ways or traits of a nun.Madrihun kaáyug nawung bayhána, inusinti kaáyug dagway,That woman is like a nun. Such an innocent face.
madri2nmain frame of a door or window shutter.v[c1]make a main frame of a shutter.
madri kakawnsmall ornamental tree flowering profusely with pink or lavender blooms, used for firewood and fencing:Gliricidia sepium.
madri míyaan exclamation of alarm, surprise, or disgust mainly by speakers who have been under Spanish influence.Madri míya, tingálig mahū́g nang bátà,My God! Watch out, the baby is going to fall.Madri míya! Nabúhat nímu tu!My God! You actually did that!
madrínangodmother, the female sponsor at one’s baptism, wedding, confirmation, or ordination.v[B136; c1]be, become themadrína.
madyikn1magic involving supernatural powers.2sleight-of-hand trick.Nalingaw ang mga bátà sa ákung madyik,The children enjoyed my tricks.v1[A1; a2]practice magic.2[A; a]steal s.t. small.Huy, kinsay nagmadyik sa ákung bulpin diri?Hey, who swiped my ball point pen?-írunmagician.
madyung1n1sandspurs, k.o. coarse grass growing about 1′ that bears spikes with rows of round burrs, around ¼″ in diameter.2the burrs of this grass.ka-v[A13]get sandspurs all over one.
madyung2nmahjong.awin the mahjong set.Pung! Madyung ku, Bingo!I get mahjong!v1[A3; a]play mahjong.Dílì na lang ta magdúlag baráha. Madyúngun ta na lang ni,Let’s not play cards. Let’s just play mahjong.2[A12]win at mahjong.Wà pa ku makamadyung,I haven’t gotten mahjong yet.-an(→)n1mahjong den.2mahjong set.3piece needed to get ‘mahjong’.Ang madyungan ni Turuy tris sirkulu,Toroy is waiting for the three circle piece.-íru,-íraamahjong addict.
madyuritndrum majorette.v[B16; a2]be a majorette.
mag-durative active verbal affix, future. (Past:nag-orga-.Subjunctive:mag-.)Magmata sila árung urása,They are awake at this time.Nagmata (or gamata) pa ba kahà sila?Do you think they are still awake?Walà na sila magmata,They are not awake any more. Verbs withmag-,nag-have the following meanings (as opposed to verbs withmi-,mu-—seemu-):1action not necessarily intentional.Walà siya magsulti,He didn’t say.Walà ku maghátag níya ánang librúha,I didn’t give him that book.2durative action, action or state continuing in time.Wà na siya maghilak,He isn’t crying any more.Ug magtindug ang mga táwu sa atubángan, dì mi makakità,If the people in front are standing, we won’t be able to see.2aadded to nouns.Ug magkalayu na ang kakugnan háyag kaáyu ang lángit,When the fields are ablaze, the skies light up.Human sa púlù ka gutlù, ang puthaw magbaga,After ten seconds the steel will glow.3added to verbs referring to a state:be in [such-and-such] a state.Ug mag-abri ang pultahan, musulud giyud ang lángaw,If the door is open, the flies are sure to come in.Walà na magtuyuk ang ligid,The wheel is no longer turning.3aadded to adjectives: be [adj.].Magmalipáyun ta,Let us be happy.Mawà kay hitsúra ug magpula nang ímung nawung,You will not look good if your face is all red.3badded to words referring to a state of the weather.Atúa giyud siya sa dágat, magbálud kinig maglínaw,He is at sea, whether it is wavy or calm.Mag-ulan kag mag-ínit,Rain or shine (lit. whether you are rainy or shining).4referring to an action which redounded on the agent:do [so-and-so] to oneself.Mag-ílis pa ku,I will change my clothes.Gustu kung maglumus,I want to drown myself.4aadded to nouns:become a [so-and-so].Magpárì ku,I will become a priest.Magsirkadur tingáli ning bataána,This child probably wants to become a trapeze artist.5referring to an action which two or more people did with each other. (Verbs withmag-of this sort always have penultimate stress.)Didtu sila mag-ábut,They met in that place.Magsákay ta,Let us ride together.Ug maglagyù pagkabutang ang mga balay,If the houses are far apart from one another.5awith nouns:be in the [noun] relation.Magkumpári kami ug akuy pakugúsun sa íyang anak,We will bekumpári’sif I become his child’s godfather.Mag-amígu lang ta,Let’s be friends.
maga-alternative form formag-in meanings2, 2a, 3, 3a, 4. Words withmaga-can substitute for the examples there given.
Magahatnpagan non-Cebuano peoples in the mountains (applies to pagans in Negros and in Mindanao).v[A13]be very touchy.Ug napildi ka ug dakù magmagahat diay ka?You are touchy just because you lost heavily?
magalyánisndowntown shopping district of Cebu (after the name of Magallanes Street, which formerly was the principal shopping street in Cebu).
magang, mágangv[BN]for corn to flower.Inigmagang sa mais, mugítib na ang lugas,When the corn flowers, the grains begin to develop.
magasin1nmagazine, periodical.
magasin2nammunition clip for automatic firearms.
magaynmaguey, cultivated as a source of sisal fiber:Agave cantalaorsisalana.(←)v[A]make into sisal hemp.magay mágaynornamental plant similar to the maguey but smaller in size:Sansevieria spp.
magaya=malagaya.
MagindánawnMuslims of Cotabato and Zamboanga del Sur.
magka-durative active future for verbs referring to a state: be, becoming more and more [so-and-so]. (Past:nagka-.Subjunctive:magka-.) Verbs with this affix always have a stressed final syllable.Imbis nga magkakusug, nagkahinay hinúun,Instead of getting faster and faster, it was getting slower and slower.Wà lagi magkaduul ang bapur nganhi, nagkalayù hinúun,The boat is not coming nearer. It’s actually getting further and further away.
magka-(←)potential active verb affix, future. (Past:nagka-. Subjunctive:magka-.) Used with verbs referring to mutual actions (cf.mag-1, 5) but otherwise paralleling the potential meanings listed undermaka-.1can [do] with each other.Dì tang tanan magkasákay,We cannot all ride together.2manage to [do] with each other.Wà mi magkasábut,We didn’t manage to come to an agreement.Nagkaábut sila sa tungàtúngà,They met in the middle.3happen to [do] with each other.Ug magkakítà gánì ang ímung babáyig asáwa,If your mistress and your wife happen to run into each other.
mag-l-alternant ofmag-r-, and usually in competition with it, but with some roots onlymag-r-is frequent or the form withmag-r-has acquired a different nuance.Magbalantay,Watchman.Magbuluhat ug mga mwiblis,Furniture maker.
maglalatiknk.o. folk dance in which half coconut shells are knocked to the rhythm of the accompanying music.
magnisyanmilk of magnesia.— simplia half dose of milk of magnesia (as opposed to— dubli, the full dose).
magnitn1magnet.2kissing scene (slang—from the notion that the faces come together as if magnetized).Daghang magnit ánang salidáha,There are plenty of kissing scenes in that movie.3syúgar —sugar magnate.v[A; a]1pick up with a magnet.2swipe, steal, spirit away.Kinsay nagmagnit sa ákung bálùn?Who swiped my lunch?3[C]kiss one another usually in a show (slang).awon over.Inigkanta nímu, magnit na silang tanan,When you sing, they’ll all be won over.
mag-r-nprefix added to verbs to form nouns which refer to one who does [verb] on a regular basis.Magbabantay,Watchman.Magsusúlat,Writer.Magpapatigayun,Businessman.Magyuyutà,Landowner or farmer.Magbubúhat,The Creator (God) or one who does.
magsúunsee*súun.
magtalisaynk.o. tree similar in shape and appearance to thetalísay, but with smaller leaves and harder wood:Terminalia sp.
mágun1magi.2s.o. outstanding, expert.Mágu sa kinablit,A wizard at the guitar.
mágùntarsier.
magus=amagus.
máhanname given to various puddings and confections.— blangkapudding made of kernels of young corn and coconut milk or just plain milk.— diúbia pudding made ofúbiand coconut milk.— riyalcandy made out of peanuts, milk, and sugar.
mahala1dear, expensive.Mahal na kaáyu ang bugas karun,Rice is very expensive now.Magbáyad kag mahal sa ímung gibúhat,You shall pay dearly for what you have done.2beloved.Siya ang ákung mahal (minahal) nga bána,He is my beloved husband.3blessed (address to saints).Pasalamáti ang Mahal nga Birhin,Give thanks to the Blessed Virgin.4— nga adlawthe days of the Lenten season.5in set phrases: very little, almost without.— ug pahíyumstingy withthe smiles.— ug tíngugweak-voiced.v1[B; ab7]become expensive, go up in price.Basta Amirkánu mupalit, mahalun giyug baligyà,For an American the price is always jacked up.2[A; a12]love.Ang mga bayáni nagmahal sa ílang yútang natawhan,Heroes love their native land.Gimahal ku ikaw,I love you.-in-nbeloved, dear one.ka-an(←)nmajesty (address to royalty).Matúman ang ímung gihangyù, kamahálan,Your order will be fulfilled, Your Majesty.-l-un(←), -un(←)aprecious.-unadear or costly kind.ma-in-un(←)aloving, affectionate.
mahan=man kahà(dialectal).seeman.
maharlikanthe name given to the native nobles in pre-Hispanic times.
máhaynfeelings of hurt and regret at what s.o. did.Arun walay máhay apúran ta kamung tanan,So there will be no hurt feelings, I’ll give you each one.v[A; b3c5]have feelings of hurt.Nagmáhay kung napalit ku tung sapatúsa,I’m sorry I bought those shoes.Ikay ákung gimaháyan sa nahitabù,I blame you for (lit. you are the reason I’m regretting) what happened.Gikamaháyan ta ka kay wà ka mudúaw nákù,You hurt me because you did not pay me a visit.walay —v[A13]there was nobody that felt bad, said in two situations: when people who attack on s.o. are beaten up instead (i.e., they cannot blame anyone but themselves), and when people who set on s.o. are unsuccessful (i.e., no one felt bad because they were successful).
mahikanmagic.
mahikunword referring to an unknown location when asking or giving a location, usually used in anger.Lupad ngadtu sa mahiku, animála ka,Get out, I don’t care where, you beast.Ambut ásang mahikúha tu nákù ikabutang ang pisti nga hunsuy,I don’t know where the heck I left that blinkety-blank pipe.
mahistrádunjudge.v[B156; a12]be made, become a judge.
mahuganinmahogany.
maigangnmedium to large tree of the primary forest, with fruit similar in flavor and taste tolungbuy:Eugenia polycephaloides.
mailúku=mamilúku.
ma-in-un(←), ma-in-ánunalternant ofma-unused with some bases in place ofma-un.Matinabángun,Helpful.Masinabtánun,Full of understanding.
maisn1maize, the corn plant or any part of it.1abugas —corn grits.Mahal na ang prisyu sa bugas mais karun,The price of corn grits has increased.v[A1]have corn grits as one’s staple food.Nagmais lang mi kay barátu man kay sa humay,We had corn grits as our staple food because it is cheaper than rice.-an, ka-an, -alncornfield.v[A1; a12]have a cornfield.maismáisn1ornamental plant similar to the corn plant, and growing up to 3′:Dracaena sanderianaandD.fragrans.2folding knife with a handle that is made of sheet metal, molded into the form of an ear of corn.3name given to the largest species of flying fish (bangsi).-un=maismáis,3.
maistran1female teacher.1aterm of address or title for a teacher.Nía na si Maistra Lúling,Here is Mrs. Loling, the teacher.2education course.Maistra ang gikúhang kursu ni Pirla,Perla is majoring in Education.(→)voc.teacher, ma’am.v1[A; b6]for a woman to teach.Tunghaan nga gimaistráhan ni Sunya,The school where Sonia is teaching.2[B156; a1]be a (female) teacher.Maistráhun ku ning ákung anak,I’ll make my daughter into a teacher.ubra —seeubra.
maistrun1, 1a=maistra(male).2education course.3the leader or instigator of activity, usually bad.Ikay maistru sa tanang mga binúang,You are the instigator of all the foolishness.4band or orchestra master.Pasakalyi, maistru, kay mukanta ku,Introduction, maestro. I shall sing now.— ámuboatswain.— kusiníruchief cook.v1[A; a]teach.2[B6; a1]be a teacher. †
maka-1potential active verb affix, future. (Past:naka-.Subjunctive:maka-.Short form:ka-.)Dì ku makaalsa (kaalsa) niánà,I cannot lift that.Nakatilaw (katilaw) na ku niánà,I have tried that.Wà ku makasakay (kasakay),I couldn’t get a ride.1refers to an action s.o. has the capability of doing. (Only the future form is used in this meaning.)Makamau na kung mukinatsilà sa nag-idad kug diyis,I knew how to speak Spanish when I was ten years old.2refers to an action which one had the opportunity or managed to do.Ug makaadtu ku sa inyu human sa paniudtu, muhapit ku,If I get a chance to go to your place after lunch, I’ll drop in.Wà ku makalakaw kay síging abut ang mga bisíta,I didn’t have a chance to go out because we kept having visitors.2awith nouns:manage to get.Ug trís ákung mahulbut run, makamadyung ku,If I draw a three, I will get mahjong.Niíning trabahúa hálus ta makasininà,With this work I can hardly earn enough to buy a shirt.3refers to an accidental or unintentional action.Diriyut siya makaihì sa dihang gilatigu siya sa íyanginahan,Her mother whipped her so hard she nearly wet her pants.Makaingun kag nindut ug makakità ka,Once you see it, you won’t be able to help exclaiming at how beautiful it is.
maka-2short form:ka-4naffix added to numbers to form words which mean [do so-and-so] many times.Makapila (kapila) ku na ikaw ingna?How many times did I tell you?Makaduha na ku malígù didtu,I have gone swimming there twice.Makadaghan na ku mabiktima,I have been victimized many times.
makahiyà=kipìkipì.seekipì.
makalibri=kalibri2.
makann1macan, k.o. large-grained rice of wet fields, highly prized for ordinary eating.2k.o. very fat pig.aobese.Gwapahun untang bayhána apan makan lang,She’s quite beautiful, only she’s fat.
makapunù(frompunù)nvariety of coconut which produces ordinary fruit and once in a while fruit which are completely full of soft meat, slightly harder near the shell. Themakapunùfruit is highly esteemed and is used for sweets.
maka-r-affix added to verbs referring to a state to form adjectives which mean cause s.o. to get into [such-and-such] a state to a great extent. Forms with this affix usually have long penults.Makasusúbung hitabù,A very saddening event.Makalulúuy,Inspiring pity.Makalalagut,Angering.
makarúninmacaroni.v[A13]cook a macaroni dish.
Makawn1Chinaman from Macao.2Chinaman in a restaurant business (so called because many cooks in Chinese restaurants immigrated from Macao).lútung —seelútù.
máki1na large, enamel-coated, round, metal platter, 18″ or so in diameter for holding cooked rice or corn.
máki2na Chinese dish of sliced meats, stewed and thickened with cornstarch.
makig-(←)prefix added to bases with a prefixpakig-to indicate future, volitional active forms.Past:nakig-.Subjunctive:makig-. No durative or potential forms. (Seepakig-for meanings.)Short forms:kig-andtig-.Makigkáun (kigkáun, tigkáun) siya nákù sa gawas,He wants to take me out to eat.Nakig-áway siyag dakung táwu,He picked a fight with a large person.Walà ku makigpustaánay níya,I did not challenge him to bet.
makinan1machine.2engine.Dílì na muandar ang makina sa awtu,The automobile engine won’t start.3sewing machine.Ang makina kinahanglánun kaáyu sa sastri,A sewing machine is a necessity to a dressmaker.4— sa bugascorn, rice mill.— dimuturnmotorized machine, engine.v[a12]1do by machine.Ayawg kinamuta nà pagtahì, makinaha nà,Don’t sew it with your hands. Do it by machine.2put an engine s.w.
makinaryan1machinery, set of machinery put together for a specific use.2machinery, set of activities or groups organized to accomplish s.t.Ang makinarya sa Partídu Libiral,The machinery of the Liberal Party.
makinilyan1typewriter.2clipper to trim hair.3windlass.v1[A; a2]type.Makinilyáhun giyud basta sulat nga aplikisiyun,Letters of application should be typed.1a[A; a12]hit with a number of rapid blows, as if punching a typewriter.Gimakinilya nákù siyag dyab,I hit him with a rapid-fire succession of jabs.2cut hair with a clipper.-ádu, -in-atypewritten.†
makinistanengine man, machine operator.v[B16; a2]become an engine man.
makinítan1process of embroidery done by pricking the needle over the design on the top side of the cloth until the whole design is completed, after which the design on the bottom side is trimmed. The top becomes the right side.2needle for this sort of embroidery.v[A; a2]embroider in this method.
makmakv1[A; a1]pound s.t. hard with s.t.Makmáka ang puthaw samtang ínit pa,Pound the iron while it is hot.2[A; ab2]beat severely, pound.2a— ug kasábà, sulti[A; a12]scold severely, lambast.Dì ka ángay mumakmak níyag kasábà kay dì ka ginikánan,You have no right to scold him severely because you are not his father.
makra=marka.
maksut=laksut.
mákù=dakù(dialectal).— dyamùvery big.Mákù dyamù ang ílang báy,They have a huge house.
makúpank.o. small tree cultivated for its red, top-shaped fruits, with white, spongy meat and a mild flavor, a large meaty variety of theSyzygium samarangense. The same genus astambis,but much firmer of flesh.
maln1in billiards, a false shot causing one to lose his turn.2unlucky number.Daghang mahadluk sa numiru trísi kay mal kunu,Lots of people are afraid of thirteen because it is said to be an unlucky number.v[B126]make a bad shot.Mamal kag láin ang maigù sa bulamánu,You lose your turn if you hitthe wrong ball.— numiru=mal,n2.— tirádanin billiards, a shot that is not well executed.Mal tiráda tung ímu kay layù ra kaáyu sa lungag ang ímung gitiráhan,That was a bad shot. The target ball was a mile from the pocket.
malaa1dry, not wet.Mala na ang mga hinayhay,The clothes that were hung up are dry now.2not displaying lively attention, disinterested.Tingálig dì siya muapil kay mala siya ug tinubagan,He probably won’t participate because he gave a disinterested answer.v1[APB; a2]dry up, become dried.Mimala ang mga sapà,The rivers dried up.Ang kaínit sa adlaw mauy mumala (mupamala) sa mga basakan,The heat of the sun will dry the rice fields up.Nag-úsik lang sa panahun ang nagmala (nagpamala) íning salúga,Whoever dried this floor off was just wasting his time.Tiil nga makamalag (makapamalag) basakan,Big feet (lit. that can dry up a rice paddy).Namad-an ug singut ang íyang bukubuku,The sweat on his back has dried up.2[A13]be uninteresting, boring.Wà ku mutiwas sa sini kay nagmala lang,I did not see the movie to the end because it was boring.2a[b4]— sa dugùbecome pale.Pagpangutána sa pulis, gimad-an sa dugù ang nawung sa dalága,The lady’s face became pale when the policeman questioned her.ma-nland.Ang ubang bakì nagpuyù sa túbig, ug ang uban sa mamala,Some frogs live in water and some on land.tilapya sa ma-nprostitute (humorous).kamad-annupland rice field.
malabagákaynk.o. rattan used in house building.
malabanu=gwayabanu.
malabutangnk.o. rattan used in construction.
malagayank.o. white-husked rice with very small, roundish, white grains, used in preparation of medicinal rice cakes or mixed with medicinal plants in poultices.
Malakanyan, MalakanyangnMalacañang, the Philippine Presidential Palace.
mal-ama1old in age.2grown up, but not doing things befitting one’s age (derogatory).Mal-am na, lubut gihápuy ilingkud,He is already grown but he hasn’t got anything upstairs (lit. all he does with his buttocks is sit on them—a readily understood circumlocution which avoids stating outright a hurtful truth).
malangsink.o. sardine or small herring, growing to 4″ long and 1″ wide.
malapatink.o. fish.
malapi(not withoutl)kumpradur di-none who buys goods which he knows the seller has no right to dispose of.v[B1256]be a buyer of stolen goods.Makumpradur dimalapi giyud ka kun makapalit ka niánang kináwat,You’ll be a buyer of stolen goods if you buy that stolen article.
malapuntink.o. red deep-sea fish with big reddish scales, 2′ by 6″, similar to a snapper, but with a filament projecting from the tip of the tail.
malaryanmalaria.v[A123P; a4]get, cause to get malaria.Way lamuk nga makamalarya (makapamalarya) dinhi,There are no mosquitoes here that cause malaria.Tambáli ang gimalarya,Give medicine to the man with malaria.malaryahunahaving malaria.
málasseedimálas.
malasádu, malasáwuasoft-boiled, half-cooked.Malasádung itlug,Soft-boiled eggs.Ang atay malasádu nga pagkalútù,The liver was cooked rare.v[A1B26; a2]come out soft, rare, cause to do so.
malasugi, malasúginswordfish or sailfish:Xiphias gladius, et al.
malatáluabananas that are almost full-grown (but still far from ripe).Basta tinggutum tub-un na ang ságing bísag malatálu pa kaáyu,In times of famine they cut down the bananas even before they mature.v[B3; b6]for bananas to reach this stage.
malatinduknmackerel scad, k.o. carangoid fish, but long and fleshy like atindukbanana.
*málaywalay —innocently unaware, unknowing (slang).Way málay ang asáwa nga may kabit ang íyang bána,The wife was unaware that her husband had a mistress.Wà silay málay nga gipitluk nag ílang manuk,They were unaware that their chicken had been stolen.
maláyangnk.o. fine, white rice introduced by the PACD.
malaypálaynpoisonous part of the viscera and skin of a pufferfish, which is removed before eating.
MaláyunMalay in race.atending to have the features of the Malayan race.
malbas=marbas.
maldisiyunnmalediction, a curse.v[A; b2c1]curse.Imaldisiyun (maldisiyunun) siya sa párì,The priest will pronounce a malediction on him.
maldíta=maldítu(female).
maldítua1naughty, evil.Kadtung maldítung bátà ang nagpapilit sa babulgam sa ímung sinínà,That naughty child put bubble gum on your dress.Daghang maldítusa piyir,There are lots of bad types at the waterfront.2having unexpected ability.Maldítu! Natubag giyud ang dyakpat nga pangutána dà,He’s smart! He answered the jackpot question correctly.— sa babáyione who deceives women.v[B12; b6]become naughty.-in-(→)ain an evil way.v[A; b]do mischief, evil, philander.Makamau nang muminalditu ang gamay kung anak,My little baby has already learned how to be naughty.
mal-idukáda=mal-idukádu(female).
mal-idukáduaill-educated, ill-mannered.v[B126; b6]be ill-educated or bad-mannered.
malígas=hulmígas.
malignunspirits of departed people who have not entered heaven and are doing their penance (kundínu). If they are not prayed for they may inflict sickness as a reminder.ispiritu —=malignu.v[A1; a4]be sick with an illness sent by amalignu.
malignù=karbalyas.
malimnu=karbalyas.
malingkaseehimalingka.
malisyan1awareness of sex.Dúna na siyay malisya kay dì na man maghúbù ug malígù,She is already aware of her sex because she won’t bathe in the nude any longer.2bad thoughts regarding sex.Ug way malisya, ngánung miagik-ik man ka?If you are not harboring evil thoughts, why are you snickering?3ill will.Way malisya ang ákung paghátag niíni,There’s no ill intent in my giving this to you.4bad omen, usually of death or misfortune.v[A13; b]send such an omen.Nagmalisya siya únà mamatay. Nagpakítà únà siya sa íyang mga anak nga túa sa Amirika,He sent an omen before he died. He appeared to his children in America.malisyúsa=malisyúsu(female).malisyúsua1conscious of sex in an unwholesome way.Ngánung dì ka man pagúnit? Kamalisyúsu gud nímu!Why don’t you want me to touch your hands? How sex-conscious you are!2maliciously done, out of ill will.Malisyúsung mga pasángil nga way gipasikáran,Malicious and baseless accusations.v[B12; a2]1be, become sex conscious in an unwholesome way.2become malicious in behavior.
málitnmallet.
malítansuitcase.v[A13]carry a suitcase.Magmalíta lang ku kay daghan kug dalhunun,I’ll take a suitcase because I have so many things to take.
malitinn1a leather bag designed to hold medicine and some medical instruments.2a small suitcase.
malmal1v[B1256; a12]be taught, rehearsed, or be inculcated to a high degree.Namalmal mig maáyu sa ininglis kay Amirkánu ámung maistru,We were taught English thoroughly because our teacher was an American.Malmálun nátù ang bátà sa bili sa pagdagínut,We will inculcate the value of thrift in the children’s minds.
malmal2v1[A; a1]beat s.o. up, usually in the mouth.Akuy mimalmal sa irù nga mikáun sa isdà,I gave the dog that ate the fish a sound beating.2[A; a12]use s.t. or scold s.o. abusively.Natural nagubà ang makinilya kay gimalmal,Of course he broke the typewriter because he abused it.Malmálun kag kasábà bísag gamayng sayup,You get abusive scoldings for the slightest mistakes.
malpagadurafailing to pay one’s debts.v[B1256]get to be a defaulter in one’s debts.Ug mamalpagadur ka, wà nay musálig pagpaútang nímu,If you become a bad debtor, no one will dare allow you credit.-a(←)=malpagadur(female).
maltabánanglazed brown urn, about 2′ high with a small mouth and handles at the shoulders.v[A13; a12]make into, put in glazed clay jars.
maltratarv[A; a12]maltreat, mistreat.Maltratahun siya sa íyang amaáma,His stepfather will maltreat him.
*málu— pa ug1on the chance that [such-and-such]a good thing happen.Palit tag swipstik, málu pag makaswirti,Let’s buy a sweepstake ticket. We might just win.2[so-and-so] isn’t bad, if that is what comes out.Málu pa nà ug swildúhan kag bayinting adlaw?Would it be bad if you were paid twenty pesos a day?
malù1—[dat.]serves [dat.] right.Malù nímu nga gipagirawut kay tapulan ka,Serves you right that you were fired because you are lazy.
malù2, málù1npollen of corn.v[A1]grow pollen.Dì na dúgayng masanggì ang mais basta magmalù na,It won’t be long before the corn can be harvested if there is pollen in the tassel.
málù2nthe one who is ‘it’ in the game oftakyanor marbles.v[A; a12]make a person remain ‘it’ for a long time.Malúun kug maáyu si Huwan pinaági sa pagpátid sa takyan ug layù,I’ll make Juan be ‘it’ for a long time by kicking the shuttlecock far away.
malubgasnk.o. small anchovy with a dark blue dorsal region and silvery white on its ventral region, widely eaten preserved in salt.
maluíbunnname given to ornamental climbing vines with dark green or yellow green cordate leaves, often grown indoors:Scindapsus aureusandPhilodendron oxycardium.
málungnname of the sarong worn by the Muslims.v[A13; b6(1)]wear amálung.2[a2]make into amálung.
malunggay=kalamunggay.
málus1ahighly fermented salted fish paste.Málus na ang ginamus,The salted fish paste is already highly fermented.v1[AB2]for salted fish to become highly fermented, cause it to do so.2[B]develop a horrible smell.Kalígù na kay nagkamálus ka na,Take a bath. You’re beginning to smell awful.
malyítingavel.
malyurkana k.o. liquor of low proof made from cane sugar, flavored with anise.
mámn1ma’am, term of address to a teacher or woman of high station.Maáyung buntag kanímu, mám,Good morning, Ma’am.2lady teacher.Usa sa mga mám nákù sa hayiskul mau si Mis Agápay,One of my teachers in high school was Miss Agapay.v[A13; a12]call s.o. Ma’am.
máma1nmother.v[B13; a12]call s.o.máma.
máma2nmute.v[B12]become a mute.Namáma nà siya tungud sa kalísang,He was struck dumb by his great fright.
mamàn1chew of betel nut (búnga) and piper betel leaves (búyù) with lime (ápug) and optionally tobacco.2action of chewing.v[AC12; a12]chew betel nut.Dì ku makamamà kay hálang,I can’t chew betel because it burns the tongue.— ug dugùv[A13; c]get a bloody mouth (lit. chew blood).Magmamà ka giyug dugù ug hisumbagan ta ka,You will have a bloody mouth if I punch you.mam-anan, malam-anncontainer for the lime, betel nut, and betel leaf.malam-unnset of complete ingredients ready for chewing.hiN-afond of chewing betel.
mamadurnbreast pump.v[b]use a breast pump.
mámamn1baby talk forinum‘drink’.2drinking spree (humorous slang).v1[A]drink (baby talk).2[AC; a]hold a drinking spree.Puwa na ang tápay, nakamámam tingáli,His ears are red. He must have had s.t. to drink.
mamayn1wet nurse.2any nursemaid.v1[A; a]wet-nurse.Gimamay ang bátà nga ílu,The orphaned infant was wet-nursed.2[A; a]take care of a child.Siyay nagmamay sa tanan námung mga bátà,She took care of all our children.
mambad=manbad.
mambunmambo, a Latin American dance and its music.v1[A; a12]dance the mambo.2[c1]play music in mambo rhythm.
mámi1nmommy.v[A3; a12]call s.o. mommy.
mámi2na Chinese dish consisting of soup and narrow egg noodles with meat.v[A; a]makemámi.
mamilúkunchild’s sunsuit, a one-piece romper with short pants and no sleeves.v1[A; a]wear a sunsuit.2[c16]make into a sunsuit.
maming=lubaylúbay,n.seelubay.
mampudshort formánu man pud.seengánuandupud.
MampurnMontford, a person who is said to have lived in olden times.karáan pa ni —older than Montford.Tabas sa íyang bistídu nga karáan pa ni Mampur,Style of dress that dates back to Montford’s time.panahun pa ni —very old, from Montford’s time.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur ang ákung radiyu ug wà pa giyud magubà,My radio is as old as the hills and still in fine shape.Sa panahun pa ni Mampur nang kumidiyáha,That joke is as old as the hills.
mamsà1n1name given to the large species ofCaranx, a highly-prized food fish.2dakung —influential, important person.
mamsà2nschoolteacher, humorous word play onmám.Ayaw mug sábà kay náa na si Mamsà,Everybody shut up. The teacher is coming.v[B126]be a schoolmarm.
mamun1nk.o. sponge cake.v[A; a12]make, make intomamun.
mamun2nk.o. fruit tree similar to agwayabanubut with a smaller and rounder fruit:Anona sp.
mámurd, mámurdsa1marbles without a flaw.2for girls to be well-rounded and smooth-skinned.Mámurds kaáyu ang trátu ni Bin,Ben’s girl friend is very beautiful.mamurayv[C2]compare which is the smoothest, most well-rounded.Mamuray tag dyúlin,Let’s compare our marbles to see which is the smoothest and best rounded.
man1because.Kay ang íya dapit man sa dáhun, mamúnga dáyun,Because his part was the part with the leaves, it would bear fruit quickly.— ugudbecause (giving an explanation).Namatay ang tanum kay wà man gud bùbúi,The plant died because no one watered it.2after an interrogative:particle to make the question not abrupt.Háin man siya?Could you tell me where he is?3particle with a statement contradicting a previous statement or presumption.Dì man nà mau,That’s not the one.4particle with a statement giving information.Nía man si Pidru karung buntága,Oh, Pedro is here this morning.— diayI notice that.Nindut man diay ka kaáyung mukanta!Oh, I see you sing very beautifully.— kahà[so-and-so] apparently is the case.Kami man kahay muluhud, anus-a man ang kasal?We are supposed to sponsor you, so when is the wedding going to be?Dì lang ka tagáan. Dì man kahà ka gustu,I won’t give you any. You apparently won’t want any, anyway.— lagiI notice [so-and-so] is the case, nevertheless.Ingun siya dì ka muanhi. Nía ka man lagi,He said you weren’t coming, but here you are!5in other phrases:ingun —as well as.Mubuhis ang tagasyudad ingun man ang tagabaryu,The city people, as well as the barrio folks, pay taxes.mau — gánìthat’s why, despite what you would expect ...Mau man gánì nga namula ang ákung pánit kay nabulad ku,I have red skin, despite what you would expect, because I was out in the sun.na —seena,4.pála — runthat’s flattery.Pála man run ug dì pa tinúud,That would have been flattery if it were not true.túud —and so, as one would expect.Túud man miabut dáyun ang pulis,And so, as one would expect, the police immediately arrived.
maN-(see p. xvi for the meaning of the symbol N)prefix added to bases with a prefixpaN-to indicate future volitional active forms. (pastnaN-;subjunctivemaN-.Durative forms: future and subjunctivemagpaN-(→);pastnagpaN-(→).Potential active: future and subjunctivemakapaN-;pastnakapaN-.)Mangutána ta kun háin siya,Let us ask where he is.Wà siya mangutána,He didn’t ask.Nangutána ku piru way tubag,I asked but there was no answer.Nagpanguput siya sa kahadluk,He held on with all his might for fright.Walà ku makapangutána,I didn’t get a chance to ask.Makapangasáwa ka na,You can get married now.
mana, mána1na title of respect to a female older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.mána.
mána2nk.o. cultivated tree, the bark and leaves of which are used for spices.
manágingnk.o. white parrot, the racket-tailed parrot:Prioniturus discurus.
manalabtanseesabat.
manámùshort foramahan námùnthe Lord’s Prayer.
mananabtanseesabat.
manananggal=anananggal.
mananangkuynfolk doctor (general term).v[B13; a12]become a healer.
mananapnanimal, beast, insect.abrute, having the feelings of a beast.Ikawng mananápa ka. Ngánung gibun-ug man nímu ang ákung anak?You beast. Why did you beat my son?-in-abeastly.
manan-awngeneral name for ornamental air orchids.
manandisahenpecked husband.v[B2]become henpecked.
manang, mánangn1title for elder sister.2title given to any woman older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manang.(→)voc. form.short form:nang.
mananggítintoddy gatherer.v[B156]be, become a toddy gatherer.
manánuyasweet-sounding, melodious.Ang manánuyng tíngug sa langgam,The sweet, melodious voice of the bird.
manátadnk.o. dove: the green-winged ground dove:Chalcophaps indica.túlin pa sa —very swift.
manau, manaul1nk.o. parasitic air plant, with long linear lanceolate leaves radiating from the center:Asplenium nidus.
manaul2nthe white-breasted sea eagle:Haliaetus leucogaster.
manay, mánayntitle for a female much older than the speaker.v[A13; a12]call s.o.manáy.(→)voc. form.
maN-ayregional alternant ofmaN-r-.
manbad(fromsubad)n1any large deep-sea fish.2usurer.Nadátù siya kay mambad nga dakù,He became rich because he was a great usurer.3dakung —an important person of great influence.Si Lawril dakung mambad sa pulitika,Laurel is a big figure in politics.a1fierce and grasping.Púru mga mambad ang tagaadwána. Padug-un ka giyud ug táman,The customs people are voracious beasts. They’ll bleed you dry.2fierce, termagant woman.Túa na pud, gitapuk-an na pud si Tiryu sa íyang mambad nga asáwa,There goes Terio’s shrewish wife at him again.3s.o. that is dangerous to women.Ayawg túu níya kay mambad nà sa mga babáyi,Don’t believe him because he is dangerous to women.ka-nquality of being fierce and grasping.Ang kamambad sa pamingkúngan,The fierceness of a hammerhead shark.
mandalúsa=salimbángun.
Mandalúyungna district in Rizal, Luzon.taga-, gíkan sa —crazy (lit. one who has been a patient at the mental hospital inMandaluyong).
mandamyintu diaristuwarrant of arrest.
mandǎrn1command; word or phrase esp. in set form by which a command is given.Ang mandǎr sa kapitan pagpahúnung ug tíru,The captain’s command to cease fire.2order, a serving of food in a public eating place.Unsa man tuy ímung mandǎr, pipsi u kuk?What did you order, Pepsi or Coke?v[A; c]1command, give an order to.1acommand, order people around.Nagmandǎr na sad ang tapulan,The lazy lout is giving orders again.2order, request a serving to be brought.Nakamandǎr na ba mu?Have you ordered?mandasiyunncommand.Ang mga ultimu mutúman sa mandasiyun sa kábu,The privates follow the commands of the corporal.aliking to give orders.Mandasiyun kaáyu nang ákung maguwang unyà dì mutábang sa trabáhu,My older brother loves to give orders, and yet he doesn’t help with the work.
mandasiyunseemandǎr.
manday1it’s too late to be of use.Manday human na ang baratilyu,It’s too late. The sale is over.1ajust when s.t. happens that is too late or inconvenient, s.t. else happens.Manday wà tay kwarta mu puy idaut sa mga bátà,Just when we are broke, the children get sick.Manday human ka nag káun mu pay ipanangpit,You invite me to eat only after you’re done?Manday lumalarga na aku mu pay pagkaíla námù,We got acquainted just as we were about to leave town.2— untàinstead of doing what was expected.Manday untà masukù siya, mipahíyum hinúun,Instead of he getting angry, he smiled.2aalthough, despite the fact that.Manday daghang anak, gastadur hinúun,Although she has lots of children, she spends money like mad.†