INDEXA-DARA-KALAMA, king of SecondDynasty,202; in List,320Abba-dugga, priest of Lagash,147Abbasid Caliphate,11Abi-eshu', king of First Dynasty,105,205f.; letters of,171,192;in List,320Abi-eshu' Canal,205Abi-rattash, king of Third Dynasty,217 f.; in List,320Abi-sarê, king of Larsa,89f.,147;in List,318Abraham,305Abû Habba,134,143Abû Hatab,85Abydenus,115,280Abydos,235Achæmenian kings,2,8,285ff.,321Actæon,290Adab,159,213Adad,148,256; reading of name of,150; representations of,266,271;see alsoE-namkhe, E-ugalgalAdad-aplu-iddina, king of FourthDynasty,256f.; in List,321Adad-nirari I., king of Assyria,243;in List,320Adad-nirari III., king of Assyria,259Adad-nirari IV., king of Assyria,265Adad-rabi, of Nippur,102Adad-shar-ilâni, Kassite ambassador,238Adad-shum-iddin, king of ThirdDynasty,244; in List,320Adad-shum-usur, king of ThirdDynasty,244; in List,320Addis, Rev. W. E.,62Aden,121Adhem,212Adini, Chaldean ruler,263Adonis,290,304f.Adoption, laws of,185Ae-aplu-usur, king of SeventhDynasty,258; in List,321Africa,120Agade,seeAkkadAgriculture, Babylonian,167ff.Agum I., king of Third Dynasty,217; in List,320Agum, son of Kashtiliash I.,217f.Agum-kakrime, king of ThirdDynasty,210,218,241,290;genealogy of,217; in List,320Ahîmer, mounds of,143Aia, goddess,261Aia-khegallum Canal,153Aibur-shabû,30Ak-su,212'Akarḳûf,15Akarsallu,243Akhenaten (Amen-hetep IV.), kingof Egypt,219; letters to,220,222;policy of,222; and the Hittites,234Akhetaten, in Egypt,219Akhetaten, in Canaan,225Akhlamî,260Akia, Kassite ambassador,225Akkad,3,10f.,118f.,148f.; inastrology,140; as geographicalterm,244Akkad (Agade),159;see alsoIshtarAkshimakshu, rebel leader,286Akur-ul-ana, king of Second Dynasty,202; in List,320Al-Bît-shar-Bâbili,41Al-'Irâkân,10Al-'Irâkayn,10Al-Madâin,9Alabaster jars, manufacture of,41Alcinous,309Aleppo,14f.,152Alexander, the Great,7f.,73,115f.,287; in List,321Alman,218Alorus,115Altars, Babylonian,61f.,64,66,69:Hebrew,62Alyattes, king of Lydia,279,282Amal,204Amanus, Alt.,262Amarna, in Syria,127Amarna, in Egypt;seeTell el-AmarnaAmasis, king of Egypt,278Amêl-Marduk, king of Babylon,280; in List,321Amen-hetep III., king of Egypt,219ff.,230,233; letters of,220f.Amen-hetep IV., king of Egypt,111,219;see alsoAkhenatenAmmi-baïl, king of Khana,129f.Ammi-ditana, king of First Dynasty,84,206ff.; estimate of,205; letterof,191; in List,320Ammi-ditana Canal,207Ammi-zaduga, king of First Dynasty,107ff,116f.,206,209; letters of,168; in List,320Ammi-zaduga-nukhush-nishi Canal,210Ammon,293Amorite migration,119f.Amorites, raids of,136,182,204f.Amos,313Amraphel, king of Shinar,159Amurru, West-Semitic god,150Amurru, the Western Semites,119f.,125f.,136,152,157,203,210,237,255; in astrology,140; theirquarter in Sippar,207Amursha-Dagan, of Khana,131An-am, king of Erech,211f.Anana,23Anatolia,128Andrae, W.,23,25,28,33,53,64f.,68,71,137Animal forms, in Babylonian mythology,297f.Animism,299Anna-Bêl,287Anshan, in Elam,282Ante-chambers, to shrines,64Antinous,309Antiochus Soter,287Anu,95,155,144,146;see alsoE-annaAphrodite,290,304f.Apil-Sin, king of First Dynasty,136,149f.; in List,319f.Appeal, right of,185Apries, king of Egypt,277f.Apsû, god of the abyss,206Arab conquest, of Mesopotamia,10Arabia, as cradle of the Semites,119f.; physiographical featuresof,120ff.; Southern,121Arabian coast,6Arabians, as nomads,121ff.Arad-Nannar, father-in-law of Rîm-Sin,156Arad-shasha, king of Erech,212Arad-sibitti,258f.Arakha, rebel leader,286Arakhab, Sumerian leader,208Arakhtu Canal,205,207; later employmentof name,34,36Arakhtu-wall,74Aramean migration,120Arameans, raids by,4,258f.,264f.;and Assyria,260; and the Sutû,256Arched doorway, in Babylon,39Arches, in vaulted building,47Architecture, Babylonian,19; religious,63,66; military,63,66f.Ardashir I., founder of Sassanian Empire,9Ardys, king of Lydia,279Argives,293Argos,290Ari-Teshub, Mitannian name,139Aries,293Arioch, king of Ellasar,159Aristotle,116Arkum,204Armenia, I,262,265;see alsoUrartuArnuanta, Hittite king,240f.Arsacidæ,9Arses, king of Persia,321Artaxerxes I., Longimanus, king of Persia,321Artaxerxes II., Mnemon, king of Persia,21,321Artaxerxes III., Ochus, king of Persia,321Artemis,290Aruna, Hittite town,227Aryans, as horse-keepers,216Arzawa, Hittite kingdom of,230Ashdod,132Ashduni-erim, king of Kish,143f.Ashera,307Ashir, god of Ashur,139;see alsoAshurAshir-rîm-nishêshu, king of Assyria,139;see alsoAshur-rîm-nishêshuAshnunnak,157,218;see alsoTupliashAshratum,150Ashukhi Canal,143Ashur, city,21,157ff.;discoveries at,20,137if.;early inhabitants of,128,140Ashur-bani-pal, king of Assyria,8,31,73,113,271ff.Ashur-bêl-kala, king of Assyria,254,256Ashur-dân I., king of Assyria,244; in List,320Ashur-etil-ilâni, king of Assyria,273; in List,321Ashur-nadin-shum, king of Babylon,270; in List,321Ashur-naṣir-pal, king of Assyria,257ff; policy of,262Ashur-rêsh-ishi, king of Assyria,112,255Ashur-rîm-nishêshu, king of Assyria,242; in List,320Ashur-uballit, king of Assyria,222f.,243; in List,320Asiru, father of Pukhia,212Ass, as beast of burden,122,183,215Assault, penalties for,105Assyria, expansion of,12,205; andBabylon,3f.,157,241ff.,273;and Egypt,210,209,272f.; andMitanni,220f.,241; and theHittites,239,241,243Assyrian settlements, in Cappadocia,227Assyrians, racial character of,141Astarte worship, centres of,290Astrologers, Babylonian,189; Greek,292Astrological texts,140Astrology,291f.,299f.Astronomical omens,100f.Astronomy, Babylonian,289,311ff.Astyages, king of Media,282Aten, Egyptian cult of,219,223Athene,309Atlila, in Zamua,259Atreus,292f.Attica,290Aushpia, founder of temple of Ashir,139Aÿ, Egyptian priest,223Azariah,14Aziru, Syrian prince,234BA'ALÎM, of Canaan,126; of Khana,131Bâb Bêlti,40.Bâb-ilî,14,28Babel, Tower of,15Babil, mound of,14ff.,22,27; in plan,23Babylon, strategic position of,4ff.;remains of,14ff.; walls of,21ff,29ff.; size of,27; plans of,10,23Babylonia, climate of,40,170; fertilityof,167; names for,244;political centre of gravity in,3,9Babylonian Chronicle,265Babylonian language, I,218f.Baghdad,5,11,14f.,17,22Bahrein,6Baka, in Sukhi,266Bakâni,263Ball, Rev. C. J.,37Banti-shinni, Amorite prince,237f.Bardiya,285Barges, Babylonian,180f.Barter,196Barzi,149Baṣra,9f.,11Baṣu,153,155Battlements, in architecture,67Bau, goddess,297Bau-akhi-iddina, king of EighthDynasty,265; in List,321Bavian,112Be'er-sheba',307Bees, in Sukhi,260f.Behistun,286Bêl, taking hands of,38,296Bêl-aplu-iddin, Babylonian general,260Bêl-ibni, king of Babylon.270; in List,321Bêl-nadin-[akhi], king of ThirdDynasty,245; in List,320Bêl-shalti-Nannar, daughter of Nabonidus,281Bêl-shar-usur,seeBelshazzarBêl-shemeà,212Bêl-shum-ishkun, father of Neriglissar,280Bêl-simanni, rebel leader,286Belshazzar,282ff.Benjamin, of Tudela,14f.Bentresh, Hittite princess,240Berossus,47,280,301; history of,106;dynasties of,114ff.Beuyuk Kale,230Bevan, Prof. A. A.,305Bevan, E. R.,7,280Bewsher, Lieut. J. B.,17Bezold, Prof. C.,72,107,110,219Bird, of Bau,297Birds, as foundation-deposits,63Birizzarru, West-Semitic month,131Birs-Nimrûd,15,22;see alsoEl-Birs,BorsippaBismâya,20,138Bît-Adini,260Bît-Bazi,257Bît-Iakin,269Bît-Karkara,152f.,159Bît-Karziabku,253Bît-Khadippi,260Bît-Pir-Shadû-rabû,248Bît-rêsh,287Bît-Sikkamidu,249Bitti-Dagan, of Khana,132Black Sea,5Bliss, F. J.,125Bloomfield, Prof. M..227Boat-builders,180Boatmen,180f.Boats, of Khonsu,238ff.Boghaz Keui,219,230; letters from,219f.,239f.;see alsoKhattiBoissier, A.,133,154f.,286Borsippa,60,159,259,263f.;temple-tower of,77f.; plan of,16Bosanquet, R. H. M.,106Botta, Emil,18Boundary-stones,241,244ff.,252Breach of promise, of marriage,186Breasted, Prof. J. H.,111,133,219,222,235,240Breccia, for paving,59Bribery, punishment for,189Bride-price,186Bridge, over Euphrates,47,60,74f.,81; over canal,37Bridge-building,249Bridges-of-boats,81,202,264Bronze age, at Carchemish,128Bronze-casting,207Bronze step, from E-zida,27,77Budge, Dr. E. A. Wallis,111,150,176,219,235,241Builders, responsibilities of,184Building, art of,19f.Bull, in mythology,55,294,303; insymbolism,298Bulls, enamelled,50f.Bunutakhtun-ila, vassal-ruler of Sippar,143Bûr-Sin II., king of Nîsin,147; in List,318Burial, Neo-Babylonian,66f.Burna-Burariash,seeBurna-Buriash217Burna-Buriash, king of Third Dynasty,242f.;date of,110f.; lettersfrom,220ff.; in List,320Burna-Buriash, Kassite chieftain,217Burney, Prof. C. F.,290,292,307Burrows, Prof. R. M.,293Burusha, jewel-worker,259Bury, G. W.,121Byblos,290CALENDAR, regulation of,189f.Callisthenes,116Cambyses, king of Persia,285; in List,321Camel, introduction of,122Canaan, I; inhabitants of,119f.,124ff.; civilization of,124ff.;Egyptian conquest of,219Canaanites, and Babylon,224f.Canals, repair of,170f.Cancer, constellation,301Cappadocia,3f.,227Capricorn, constellation,301Caravans,182f.,225,237Carchemish,128f.,182,227,260,262;Battle of,277; excavations at,127Carchemisian, pottery-name,128Castor, star,310Cedar, in construction,