207; rise of,194f.;as creator,306; in coronation-ceremony,296;cult-images of,218,244,271; emblem of,79;dragon of,55,261; representation of,261;see alsoE-kua, E-sagila, E-temen-ankiMarduk-akhi-erba, king of Fourth Dynasty,257; in List,321Marduk-aplu-iddina,seeMerodach-baladanMarduk-balâṭsu-iḳbi, king of Eighth Dynasty,264; in List,321Marduk-bêl-usâte, brother of Marduk-nadin-shum,263Marduk-nadin-akhê, king of Fourth Dynasty,112,254,256; in List,321Marduk-shakin-shum, father of Erba-Marduk,264Marduk-shapik-zêr-mâti, king of Fourth Dynasty,254,256; in List,321Marduk-shapik-zêrim, king, possibly founder, of Fourth Dynasty,254; in List,321Marduk-zakir-shum, king of Eighth Dynasty,261,263; in List,321Marduk-zakir-shum, Babylonian rebel,270; in List,321Marduk-zêr-[...], king of Fourth Dynasty,257; in List,321Mari,132,157,265Marriage, laws of,185f.; for slaves,166f.Marriage-contract,130Marriage-portions,185Marsh-dwellers,202Marshes, Babylonian,200f.Mashkan-Ammi-ditana,207Mashkan-shabri,151,159Mashtabba Canal,156Maspero, Sir Gaston,111,277Mattiuaza, king of Mitanni,234Mê-Enlil Canal,207Mecca pilgrimage,5Medea,307Medes,275f.,282Media,278f.,282Medicine, a branch of magic,240Mediterranean, Eastern,315;Euphrates route to,4,8;Assyria and the,256,273Mediterranean race,125f.Megiddo,126,276Meissner, Prof.B.,133,139,207Melam-kurkura, king of Second Dynasty,202; in List,320Meli-Shipak I., king of Third Dynasty,241f.; in List,320Meli-Shipak II., king of Third Dynasty,176,244;grant of land by,248f.;tablets of time of,84; in List,320Memphis,272,285Mera,159Mercenaries, Greek,277f.Merkes, Mound,16,29,82ff.;plan of,83; in plan,23Merodach-baladan I., king of Third Dynasty,78f.,244;boundary-stone of,248f.;tablets of time of,84;in List,320Merodach-baladan II., king of Babylon,33,269f.; in List,321Meslam, temple of Mashkan-shabri,159Meyer, Prof. E.,6,92,104,111,114,116,142,150,160,207,211,215,226f.,228Middle class, Babylonian,164f.Migrations, causes of,121f.Mishael,14Mitanni, rulers of, I,214; kingdomof,220f.; and Babylon,224; andthe Hittites,23:5 f.Mitannians, racial character of,227;and Subartu,139f.Mithraic legends,313Mitra, Aryan god,227Moat, of Babylon,25f.Moat-walls,30,57Mohammed,10Money-lenders,189,191f.Months, Babylonian and Jewish,313;West-Semitic,130f.Moon, in astrology,140Moses,306Moslem conquest,5,9Mosul,14Mother goddess, of Hittites,228Muballitat-Sherûa, Assyrian princess,243Mukayyar,135,150Müller, Prof. Friedrich Max,310Mural decoration of temples,69f.Murray, Prof. Gilbert,293Mursil, Hittite king,234f.Mushezib-Marduk, king of Babylon,270f.; in List,321Muski,241Mutallu, Hittite king,235Muti-khurshana, antagonist of Sam-su-iluna,204Mutilation, penal,165f.Mutum-ilu, of Nippur,102Myres, Prof. J. L.,7,121,188Mysteries, religious,314Mythology, astral,291f.,300ff.NABONASSAR, king of Ninth Dynasty,115,267f.; in List,321Nabonidus, king of Babylon,281ff.,297;character of,281f.;river-wall of,37,60.74;chronology of,110f.; in List,321Nabopolassar, king of Babylon,29,35,261,274ff.; palace of,28,30,38f.;quay-walls of,32ff.36;bridge of,81; possible tomb of,66f.; in List,321Nabû,77f.; emblem of,79:see alsoE-zidaNabû-aplu-iddina, king of Eighth Dynasty.257,200f. in List.321Nabû-aplu-uṣur,seeNabopolassarNabû-kudurri-uṣur,seeNebuchadnezzarNabû-mukîn-apli, founder of Eighth Dynasty,258f.; in List,321Nabù-mukîn-zêr, king of Babylon,268; in List,321;see alsoUkîn-zêrNabû-nadin-shum, priest,261Nabû-nadin-zêr, king of Ninth Dynasty,268: in List,321Nabû-na'id, see NabonidusNabû-nasir,seeNabonassarNabû-shum-ishkun I., king of Eighth Dynasty,259; in List,321Nabû-shum-ishkun II., king of Ninth Dynasty,267; in List,321Nabû-shum-libur, king of Fourth Dynasty; in List,321Nabû-shum-ukîn, king of Ninth Dynasty,268; in List,321Nagitu,270Naharain,227Nahr-el-Kelb,255Namar,253Nanâ, image of,113,296Nanga,153Nanking,22Nannar,141,145,154Naplanum, founder of Larsa Dynasty,89f.,133f.; in List,318Nâr-sharri Canal,154Narâm-Sin, king of Akkad,6; stele of,252Narâm-Sin, vassal-ruler of Sippar,143Nâsatya-twins, Aryan deities,227Nausicaa,308Nazi-bugash, Kassite usurper,243; in List,320Nazi-maruttash, king of Third Dynasty,175,243,248; in List,320Nebuchadnezzar I., king of Fourth Dynasty,112,245,252 ff.,296; in List,321Nebuchadnezzar II., king of Babylon,6f.,276ff.;palace of,14,28,30,38ff.;throne-room of,28,42ff.;buildings of,32f.,52,73,279f.;bronze-step of,27,77; in List,321Necho, king of Egypt,277Neolithic age, in Canaan,124f.Nergal,148f.,211;see alsoE-meslamNergal-shar-usur,seeNeriglissarNergal-sharezer, the Rab-mag,280;seeNeriglissarNergal-ushezib, king of Babylon,270; in List,321Neriglissar, king of Babylon,72,280f.;bridge of,37; in List,321New Year,seeFeastNidintu-Bêl, rebel leader,286Nikarkos (Anu-uballit),287Nîl Canal,22f.Nimitti-Bêl, wall of Babylon,30f.,32ff.,51Nin-Nîsin,148Nin-Sinna,141Ninaz,154Ninegal,150Nineveh,4f.,21,157ff,221,321,walls of,276Ningirsu,298; emblem of,297;see alsoE-ninnûNinib,70f.;see alsoE-patutilaNinib-kudur-usur, king of Sixth Dynasty,257; in List,321Ninlil,94,101Ninmakh, of Babylon,30,52,57,148;see alsoE-makhNinmakh, of Kesh,155Ninni, or Ishtar,155;see alsoIshtarNinsun,211Nippur,104f.,135,147,149f.,155,158,199,202,204,244;and the suzerainty,147;deification at,206;effect of Babylon's control of,194f.;tablets from,92ff,101f.,104,114,156,245Nîsin,151,159,198,200,208f.;Dynasty of,91,103f.,110,132ff.;fall of,154; era of,92f.,97,103;reading of name of,91Nobles, Babylonian,163f.Nomads, of Arabia,121ff.Northern Citadel, of Ḳaṣr,57f.Nubia,285; gold of,224Numbers, sacred character of,307Nûr-Adad, king of Larsa,89f.,150; in List,319OANNES,309Oath-formulæ,143Odysseus,308f.Odyssey,308Officers, semi-military,192Officials,181,192f.Omayyad Caliphate,10f.Omen-texts,140,210Omens,297; taking of the,191;astronomical,106f.Opis,256,283Oppert, Jules,17,22,287Oracle, of Eridu,153,158Orientation, of temples,69Orontes,235,277Ovid,307Oxen, bronze,52PADAN,218Pagirum, of Khana,129Palaces, Neo-Babylonian,27f.,38ff,45; in plan,30Palaeolithic age, in Canaan,124Palestine,159,220,225ff.,304,315;excavations in,123,125f.Palestine Exploration Fund,125Palm-trunks, as pillars,44Palmettes, in Neo-Babylonian decoration,44Pan,293Panelling, in Neo-Babylonian decoration,59Pantheon, revision of,194f.Paphos,290Papsukal,63Parthian Empire,9; period,82Partnerships, for trade,182f.Passport, Babylonian,220,225Pastoral life, in Babylonia,169Pelusium,277,285Penelope,309Peribolos, of E-temen-anki,73fl;plan of,74; restoration of,75; inplan,83Persephone,304f.Persepolis,8,299f.Persia,5f.; Achæmenian kings of,2,282ff.Persian Gulf, traffic on,6f.,280Persian period, Babylon of,82f.Peshgal-daramash, king of Second Dynasty,202; in List,320Pétrie, Prof. W. M. Flinders,111Phæacians,308f.Pharaoh,305f.Philistines,307Philo,310Phoenicia,62,225,235,277Phrygians,241Phulus,115Physicians,240Pietro della Valle,15Pinches, Dr. T. G.,212Pindiya,139Place, Victor,176Plough, Babylonian form of,175f.Poebel, A.,102,104,114,132,135,148,156,190,204,206,208Poetry, Babylonian,2Pognon, H.,142Pollux, star,310Polybus,309Pompeii,59Poros, of Ptolemaic Canon,116Porphyrins,116Porter, Sir Robert Ker,17Prices, in kind,195Priesthood,189f.Priests, Egyptian,238ff.Priests' apartments,64Principal Citadel, of Ḳaṣr,57f.Procession Street,59f.;see also Sacred RoadProto-Mitannians,128,140Pteria,283Ptolemaic Canon,265,268Puchstein, Otto,220,229ff.,232f.,234f.Pukhia, king of Khurshitu,212Pulu, king of Babylon,116,267f.; inList,321;see alsoTiglath-pileser IV.Pumpelly, Raphael,121Puzur-Ashur, king of Assyria,242f.; in List,320QUAY-WALLS, at Babylon,32ff.RAB-MAG,280Rabikum,154,158Rabim,171Radau, H.,245.Raḥaba,130Rakhabu,191Ram, constellation,310f.Rameses II., king of Egypt,222,226,235,239f.Rameses III., king of Egypt,228Rammânu, "the thunderer,"150Ramps, on Ḳaṣr,30,39,57; or stairways,to roofs of temples,61Ramsay, Sir W. M.,4Ranke, H.,136Raphia,269Rassam, Hormuzd,17,141Rawlinson, George.176Rawlinson, Sir H. C,40,52,72,106,111,113,150ff,153,155,245,287Rebecca,306Red Sea,306Reliefs, bronze,207Rennet, Major,17Rent, in kind,167,195Reports, to king,168Reuther, O.,30,70Revenue,168Rîa, Elamite god,253Ribanish,206Riblah,277Rich, C. J.,17Rîm-Sin, king of Larsa,88ff.,97,99ff.,101,103,151,153ff.,198;wives and daughters of,156;double-dates of,94f.; in List,319Rîm-Sin-Shala-bashtashu, wife of Rîm-Sin,156Ritti-Marduk, captain of chariots,252f.Ritual, Babylonian,2River-fortification, at Babylon,80,32,37,82River-wall, of Nabonidus,37,74Road-making,249Rock-sculptures, Hittite,228Rogers, Prof. R. W., History of,14f.Rome,15,307Roofs, of Babylonian dwellings,42Rosellini, N.F.I.B.,238f.Rosettes, in Neo-Babylonian decoration,44Royal Road,