Notice to defendant in divorce suits: in New England, iii.25-27;southern and southwestern states,88,89;middle and western states,158.Nugent, Mr.: on the Hardwicke Act, i, 449, 452 n. 1, 453, 454 n. 1, 455 n. 1, 458.Nullity: decree of, equivalent to divorce under the canon law, ii, 56-59.Oens, of Patagonia, i, 158.Oettingen, Alexander v.: on the marriage rate, iii,214;restrictions on remarriage and the divorce rate,219n. 1;the numerical disparity of the sexes, i, 137.Ogle, W.: on the marriage rate, iii,214.Ohio: marriage celebration in, ii, 458-60;irregular marriage, 470;definition, 471;age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;forbidden degrees, 473-75;void and voidable marriages, 475-78;optional system of banns and license, 483, 484;return, 490, note, 491;divorce, iii,113-15;remarriage,147;residence,155;soliciting divorce business forbidden,160;divorce statistics,160;common-law marriage,177;age of consent to carnal knowledge,202;divorce rate,209,211.Oklahoma: marriage celebration in, ii, 417, 418;witnesses, 423;requisites for a legal marriage, 424;a civil contract, 427;age of consent and of parental consent, 428, 429;forbidden degrees, 433;void and voidable marriages, 437, 438;miscegenation forbidden, 439;license system, 447;return, 449;divorce, iii,72;remarriage,83;residence,87;separate alimony,92;courts silent as to common-law marriage,181;age of consent to carnal knowledge,199.Olaus, Magnus: cited, i, 159.Old bachelors: not favored in early New England, ii, 152-57.Old English Homilies: cited, i, 300 n. 1.Old maids in early New England, ii, 157, 158, 167.Oleepa Indians: symbolical rape among, i, 167.Omahas, i, 144 n. 3;elopement among, i, 167, 168;free courtship, 212 n. 4;effects of divorce, 242 n. 1.Opet, O.: on legal condition of early German woman, i, 257, 263 and n. 4;wife-capture among Germans, 258 n. 1.Oppenheim, O. G.: cited, i, 458 n. 2, 461 n. 2, 462, 469 nn. 2, 3, 470 nn. 1, 2.Orator: in the nuptial ceremony, i, 281, 282 n. 2, 309.Oregon: marriage celebration in, ii, 463;witnesses, 465;unauthorized solemnization, 468;definition, 470;age of consent and of parental consent to marriage, 472, 473;forbidden degrees, 473-75;void and voidable marriages, 475-78;miscegenation forbidden, 479;license, 487;return, 489 and n. 3, 491;marriage certificate, 492;legislative divorce, iii,98;judicial divorce,133-35;remarriage,148;residence,156;notice,158;intervention of district attorney in divorce suits,159;rejects common-law marriage,181;age of consent to carnal knowledge,202.Oregon Indians: wedding gifts among, i, 220, 221.Origen, ii, 28 n. 4.Orleans, councils of: enforce doctrine of indissolubility, ii, 39.Ormulum: cited, i, 300 n. 1.Otomis, i, 238 n. 1.Owen, Hana: her marriage annulled, ii, 215.Owen, Robert: his views as to marriage and the family, iii,232-34.Owen, Robert Dale: his views on marriage, iii,234.Pádams, i, 217, 218.Pairing family, i, 89-151.Pairing season among primitive men, i, 99, notes.Palan Islanders: certainty of fatherhood among, i, 111.Palfrey, J. G.: on slavery in New England, ii, 216.Palmer, W.: on espousals, i, 283 n. 4.Panches of Bogota: intermarriages among, i, 128.Papuas of New Guinea: no divorce among, i, 228.Paraguay aborigines: divorce rare among, i, 247 n. 6.Paradox, the: regarding marriage, i, 325, 326, 329 n. 2.Pardessus: on the betrothal, i, 274 n. 2.Parental consent to courtship: regulated in early New England, ii, 161-66.—— to marriage: not required for valid contract by the canonists, i, 338;demanded by the German Reformers, 371, 372 and n. 1;required by Cromwell's Act of 1653, 418;marriage by license void without, under Hardwicke Act, 459;hardships caused by this provision, 463 and n. 4, 464.—— to marriage in American colonies, ii, 143;Plymouth, 144;Rhode Island, 148-51;New Netherland, 268, 269;New York, 286, 287;New Jersey, 309, 310, 313;Pennsylvania, 318, 319.—— to marriage in the states.(SeeAge of parental consent to marriage.)Parish registers: local officers elected under the law of 1653, i, 418, 426;duties of, well performed, 426-31.Parish registers: the records kept during the Commonwealth, i, 404, 405, 426 and n. 3, 427-31.Parliamentary divorce: in England, ii, 102-9.(SeeDivorce, parliamentary.)Parsons, Chief Justice: his decision in Milford v. Worcester, iii,178,179,185.Parthians: temporary marriages among, i, 49.Parton v. Hervey, ii, 462 n. 7; iii,179n. 1,191n. 2.Patagonians: free marriage among, i, 212 and n. 4.Patriarchal family: Maine's theory of, i, 409-13;rejected as social unit by Morgan and McLennan, 65;place of, in evolution, according to Morgan, 69, 70.(SeeAgnation, Patriarchal theory,Patria potestas.)Patriarchal theory: works on, i, 3-7;discussed, 7-32;of Maine, 9-13;criticised by Spencer, 14, 15;by McLennan, 15-17;rejected for Aryans by Leist, 23 and n. 3;does not hold for Aryans, 18-28.Patria potestas, i, 11 and n. 2;alleged relation of Roman, to agnation, 12, 30-32;Spencer's criticism of Maine's theory, 15;McLennan's, 15-17;among Peruvians and Mexicans, 19 n. 1;only elements of, among early Aryans, 27, 28;not among Hellenes, Celts, Slavonians, and Germans, 28-30;whether among early Germans, 259 n. 4, 260 n. 1.Paulus: onconsensus, i, 292 n. 4;on divorce, ii, 29.Paulus Aemilius: puts away his wife, ii, 17 n. 4.Paul, St.: on divorce, ii, 21, 22, 23.Pawnees: free divorce among, i, 228 n. 2.Peabody, F. G.: cited, iii,225n. 1,227;quoted,229.Peel, Sir Robert: his civil-marriage bill, i, 469 and n. 2, 470.Penitentials: evidence of, as to divorce, ii, 44-46.Penn, William: on Quaker marriages, ii, 316, 317.Pennant: on Fleet marriages, i, 439, 440.Pennsylvania, the colony: marriage law and custom in, ii, 315;Quaker views of marriage, 315-18;legislation, 318-20;functions of council, 321;forbidden degrees, 322;courtship, 323, 324;wedding customs, 324-27;legislative divorce, 385-87.—— the state: marriage celebration in, ii, 456, 457;witnesses, 466;age of parental consent to marriage, 473;forbidden degrees, 473-75;void and voidable marriages, 475-78;encourages marriage, 481;license system, 485, 486;self-gifta, 486;return, 489 and n. 3, 491;marriage certificate, 492;state registration, 495;legislative divorce, iii,99,100;judicial divorce,107-11;remarriage,146;residence,155;notice,158n. 3;common-law marriage,177;age of consent to carnal knowledge,202;divorce rate,217.Persia: marriage with a sister allowed in, i, 125.Peschel, Oscar: on headship of woman in the family, i, 45;horror of incest, 122.Peters, Samuel: on tarrying, ii, 183, 184.Peulhs of Futa-Jallon: remarriage of divorced couple among, i, 247 n. 2.Phallicism, i, 38, 51 n. 1, 54, note.Phelps, E. S.: on evils of present marriage system, iii,254.Philip of Hesse: his double marriage, i, 390; ii, 75 n. 1.Phillips, Samuel: prepares a special ritual for slave marriages, ii, 225, 226.Pickering, Jane: abduction of, i, 422, 423.Piedrahita: quoted, i, 128.Pipiles: forbidden degrees among, i, 126.Piraungaru marriage custom, i, 72 n. 6.Pirauru marriage, i, 72 n. 6.Plato: on the family as the social unit, i, 10 nn. 2, 3.Ploss, H.: cited, i, 111, 139; on racial ideas of beauty, 207 n. 5.Plyer or tout for Fleet marriages, i, 442.Plymouth: origin of civil marriage in, ii, 128-30;first marriage law of, 132, 133;commissioners to join persons in marriage, 133 and n. 2;treatment of single persons, 153, 154;regulates courtship and proposals, 162, 163;scarlet letter, 171, 172;pre-contract, 179, 180, 181;cases of fornication before marriage, 186;breach of promise suits, 201;divorce, 349-51;self-marriage, iii,173.Pœnitentiale Theodori, ii, 44 and n. 3, 45, 46.Pollock, Sir F.: on the case of Beamishv.Beamish, i, 319, 320.—— and Maitland, F. W.: on early German bride-sale, i, 260 n. 1;betrothal, 275, 276;rise of ecclesiastical marriage, 312 n. 1;Lanfranc's canon, 314 n. 5;marriage as a remedy, i, 325, 326;sponsalia, 343;canon law favors marriages, 334;copula carnalis, 336;forbidden degrees, 353;de factomarriage, 354, 355;valid marriage, 355 and n. 1, 356;inheritance, 356 and n. 5;age of consent to marriage, 358 and n. 4;dower as affected by divorce, ii, 93 and n. 3;voidable marriages, 94.Polyandry: as evidence of promiscuity, i, 48, 103;place of, in forms of the family, 57, 58, 60, 65;McLennan on, 77 n. 2, 80-84, 133, 156;problem of the origin of, 132-41;the custom of, is comparatively rare, 133, 134;confined to small part of population, 135;views of Spencer, Hellwald, Smith, and Wake, 135, 136;of Marshall, 136 n. 2;Westermarck's theory, 136-41.Polygyny: place of, in the forms of marriage and the family, i, 57, 58, 60, 63;relation to wife-stealing, 87;favors female system of kinship, 112;problem of the origin and spread of, 141-49;favored by the patriarchal system, 141;not found among many barbarous peoples, 141, 142;how restricted, 142-45;rise of, 145-48;not favorable to women, 148, 149.Polynesians: have Malayan system of consanguinity, i, 68;punishment for adultery among, 106;divorce, 230 n. 1.Pomeranians: wife-purchase among, i, 199 n. 8.Popular education recognized as the proper function of local government in early New England, ii, 126 and n. 1.Porneia, ii, 20 n. 1.Porter's case, ii, 85 and n. 2.Porto Rico: marriage celebration in, ii, 418;marriage a civil institution, 428;age of consent and of parental consent, 428, 429, 431;forbidden degrees, 433;license system, 447, 448;certificate to married pair, 450;return, 449;divorce, iii.76;remarriage,84;residence,88;only statutory marriage valid,181;age of consent to carnal knowledge,203;notice of marriage,191;ten days' notice before license,192n. 2.Posada, Adolpho: hisThéories modernes, i, 7, 38;his use ofsymbiose, 101 n. 2.Post, A. H.: on hasty generalizations, i, 9 n. 4;his works, 33;exogamy, 121 n. 3;alleges universality of wife-stealing, 157;and of wife-purchase, 179;original free betrothal, 202;assent to marriage, 208, 209;divorce, 224, 225 and n. 2;among Karo-Karo, 229, and the Galela and Tobelorese, 233 and n. 2;effects of divorce, 244 n. 2;remarriage of widow or divorced woman, 246 n. 4;marriage ring among the Slavs, 278 n. 3.Potter, H. C.: cited, iii,225n. 1.Poulton, E. B.: on sexual selection, i, 205 n. 4.Powell, Aaron: quoted, iii,195-97.Powell, J. W.: on the Wyandottes, i, 143 n. 1.Powers, Stephen: on pairing season among California Indians, i, 99 and n. 3;jealousy among California Indians, 104;the Karok, 192.Pray, Richard and Mary: separation of, ii, 363, 364 n. 1.Pre-contracts: abolished by Hardwicke Act, i, 459;and in South Carolina colony, ii, 261.(SeeBetrothal.)Presbyterians: restricted right to celebrate wedlock in North Carolina colony, ii, 254-59.Pretium: bride-price among the West Goths, i, 265 n. 1.Privilegium Paulinum, ii, 24;historical importance of, 54, 55;at the Reformation, 62.ProbeehenorProbenächte.(SeeProof-marriages.)Problems of marriage and the family, iii,161-259.Process in divorce and matrimonial suits: origin of, after the Reformation, ii, 68-71.Promiscuity: works on. i, 38; Bachofen's theory, 40, 41;examples of, not found, 47 and n. 1;alleged survivals, 48-52;no absolute, 58;Morgan's theory of, 66-68, 70;McLennan's theory, 77, 78;the problem of, three arguments against, 90-110.Proof-marriages, i, 49 and n. 2, 235 n. 1.Proposals of marriage: regulated in early New England, ii, 162-66.Prosecuting attorney: intervention of, in divorce suits in England, ii, 113, 114;in the states, iii,90,159.Prostitution: legalized, i, 48 and n. 4, 49 n. 1;temple, or sacred, 51, 52, 54.Protection order: under English law, ii, 115, 116.Protestant doctrine of marriage, i, 364-403;of divorce, ii, 60-85.Ptolemies: marriage with sister among, i, 125.Pueblos, i, 129, 213.Punaluan family, i, 68, 69.Punjab: symbolical capture in, i, 174;wife-purchase, 217.Purcellv.Purcell, ii, 368, 369.Putative wedlock, ii, 94.Putnamv.Putnam, iii,19.Quadrumana: family among, i, 97 and n. 4.Quakers: their marriages declared valid, ii, 293 n. 3;character of their marriage celebration, 315-18;form of celebration, 319, 322 n. 1;enjoy their own marriage customs in Rhode Island colony, ii, 134;North Carolina colony, 248, 250, 251, 254;Maryland colony, 245;persecuted in New Netherland and in New York province, 291-93;get relief under the Dongan law, 295;their position in New Jersey, 308-11.Quasi-desertion, ii, 63 and n. 2.Queenv.Millis, i, 316-18; iii,178.Queen's proctor: his intervention in divorce suits, ii, 113 and n. 5, 114.Queesting, ii, 182 and n. 2, 271, 272.Radcliffe, Mary Anne: on intrusion of men-traders, iii,248.Rāksasa: marriage form of, i, 160.Rape or capture: symbol of, 119, 163-80.—— and fraudulent marriage: punishment for, under the Tudors, i, 421 n. 5;under Cromwell, 423.Rawas: divorce among, i, 242 n. 4.Reade, W.: on free marriage in Africa, i, 214.Real contract of sale, i, 258, 259 n. 2, 260 n. 1.Rede Boke of Darbye, i, 298.Reformatio legum ecclesiasticarum: origin of, ii, 77 and n. 4;provisions, 78, 79;high authority of, 79, 80;principles of, adopted in New England, ii, 330.Regino of Prüm, ii, 49 n. 3, 51 nn. 1, 2.Registers, parish: origin of, in England, i, 358-63;during the Commonwealth, 424-31;of the Fleet, 445.—— marriage, in the American colonies, ii, 143;Plymouth, 144;Massachusetts, 145, 146;Rhode Island, 148-51;Virginia, 232, 233;North Carolina, 249, 251, 252;South Carolina, 260;New York, 288, 296 and n. 3, 297;Pennsylvania, 323.—— in the states.(SeeCertificate and record.)Remancipatio, ii, 15 n. 1.Remarriage after divorce: views of early Fathers, ii, 26-28;allowed to innocent party by Reformers, 65;but they differ as to the adulterer, 66, 67;clergy of English church not compelled to solemnize, 112 and n. 2.—— in New England states, iii,18-22;southern and southwestern states,79-84;middle and western states,145-52;restrictions on, as affecting the divorce rate,218,219.Rennes: marriage ritual of, i, 288, 301 n. 2.Reno, Nev.: clandestine divorces in, iii,150,205.Residence, to entitle to divorce petition: in New England, iii,22-25;southern and southwestern states,84-88;middle and western states,152-57.Return of marriage celebration: in New England, ii, 405, 406;southern and southwestern states, 449, 450;middle and western states, 489-92;defects in the system, iii,192,193.Rhode Island, the colony: civil marriage in, ii, 134;ecclesiastical, 138;treatment of single persons, 153;did not punish adultery with death or scarlet letter, 172, 173;clandestine marriages, 211, 212;divorce statutes, 360, 361;legislative divorce, cases of, discussed, 361-66;question of common-law marriage, iii,174.—— the state: celebration of marriage in, ii, 391, 892, 394, 395;witnesses, 394;unauthorized celebration, 395;age of parental consent to marriage, 396;former law against miscegenation, 398;void or voidable marriages, 398;survival of optional system of banns or posting, 403 n. 1;certificate and record, 404;return, 405;collection and record of statistics, 407;jurisdiction, kinds, and causes of divorce, iii,14,15;remarriage,22;residence,23;notice,27n. 3;alimony, care and custody of children,30n. 1;courts of, silent as to common-law marriage,181;age of consent to carnal knowledge,197;divorce rate,209,212n. 1.Richberg, J. C.: quoted, iii,73; cited,195.Richard, Archbishop: his canon on clandestine marriage, i, 313, 314.Richter, A. L. v.: on views of Reformers as to divorce, ii, 62 n. 2, 64 and n. 2. 65, notes, 68 n. 2;influence of Roman law on Protestant theologians, 62 n. 2;church ordinances, 67.Ring: the betrothal and marriage, i, 278 n. 3, 279 n. 1;280, 294 and n. 3, 306.—— the marriage: Cartwright on, i, 410;Whitgift's reply, 411, 412 and n. 2;rejected by the Puritans under Cromwell, 419 and n. 1.Rings: exchange of, i, 375 n. 3;Swinburne on, 384, 385;archæology of, 385 n. 2.Ritastage among Aryans, i, 24, 25.Rituals, marriage: the two parts, i, 283, 284 and n. 1;authorities on, 287, 288;none adopted by early Christians, 294, 295;on second marriage, 297 n. 1;the English, published by Surtees Society, 298;others, 300-308;by the later, marriage is to be celebrated by and not before the priest, 310 n. 1.Rive, F.: on betrothal, i, 274 n. 2.Rodgers, John: on the marriage law of New York province, ii, 307;iii,173.Roeder, J.: on Old English wife-purchase, i, 263 n. 4;the betrothal ceremonial, 272 n. 2;freedom of English widow, 277 n. 5.Rogers, Elizabeth: her divorce for free-thinking, ii, 356, 357.Romans: works on their matrimonial institutions, i, 5, 6;their patriarchal family, 10-13, 29-32, 69;wife-lending among, 49;whether wife-capture among, 160;wife-purchase, 199 and n. 5;symbolical rape, 171, 172;their marriage forms accepted by the church, i, 291 n. 2;had no fixed ceremony, 294;divorce among, 232, ii, 3, 4, 14-19;divorce a private transaction, 47.Roos's case, ii, 103.Rosenthal, E.: on adultery among early Teutons, ii, 36 n. 1;the penitentials, 44 n. 3.Ross, E. A.: cited, iii,225n. 1.Rossbach, A.: on symbol of rape, i, 175 n. 3;coemptio, 199 n. 5.Rouen: its marriage ritual, i, 310 and n. 1.Ruga, Sp. Carvilius: his divorce, ii, 15 n. 4.Russians: wife-purchase among, i, 199 n. 8.Russell, Lord John: proposes a civil-marriage law, i, 469.Ryder, Attorney-General: on the Hardwicke Act, i, 449, 450, 451, 452.Sack-posset: at weddings, ii, 141 and n. 5.Sacra: the Roman, i, 13;Aryan, 27.Sacrament of marriage, i, 310, 324-26 and n. 2,332, 333;abandoned by Protestants, 386;development of Luther's views on, 386-88.Sacramental theory of marriage: rejected at the Reformation, i, 386-88;ii, 60, 68;in England, i, 393, 394.Sacramentaria, i, 296 n. 2, 297, 298 n. 1, 302.St. Joseph, Mich.: a "Gretna Green," iii,192n. 4,253n. 2.Samoa: wife-capture in, i, 159;status of divorced woman, 245.Sandwich Islands: marriage with a sister sanctioned in, i, 125;status of woman in, 238 n. 3.(SeeHawaii.)Sarae, the African: divorced woman must wait two months before remarriage, i, 245 n. 5.Sarasin, Paul and Fritz: on the Veddahs, i, 141 n. 2.Sarum: marriage ritual of, i, 284, 297 n. 1, 301 and n. 2, 304, 306 n. 2, 307, notes, 311 n. 4.Satirists, the Roman: on divorce, ii, 18 n. 1.Saunders, W. L.: quoted, ii, 256, 258, 259.Savoy: clandestine marriages at, i, 459 n. 3.Sayce, A. H.: on the Babylonian family, i, 221 n. 3.Sayer, Joseph: hisVindicationcited, i, 459 n. 1.Scandinavians: wife-capture among, i, 159."Scarlet Letter": for adultery, ii, 171-76;for incest, 177, 178, 214 n. 2;long survival of, in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, 398.Schaffle, G. T.: cited, i, 98 n. 3.Schaets, Anneke: case of, ii, 381, 382.Scheurl, Adolf v.: on Sohm's theory of betrothal, i, 275 n. 2;works of, 290;consensus, 292 n. 3;canon-law betrothal, 293 n. 1;rise of ecclesiastical marriage, 310 n. 1;sponsalia, 340 n. 1;magisterial intervention as mark of Reformation, ii, 90 n. 1.Schmid, Reinhold: on foster-laen, i, 270 n. 1;date of betrothal ritual, 270 n. 1.Schmidt, Karl: onjus primae noctis, i, 51 n. 2.Schneider, Wilhelm: cited, i, 36.Schneidewin, J.: on divorce, ii, 62.Schopenhauer, A.: on woman's mental capacity, iii,240n. 1.Schrader, O.: on the maternal family, i, 20.Schreiner, Olive: on sex-parasitism, iii,247n. 1.Schroeder, Richard: onMuntschatz, i, 259 n. 3;bride-purchase, 260 n. 1;Tacitus's account of betrothal, 262 n. 2;denies traces of wife-purchase in northern law, 265 n. 3;on violation ofmund, 265 n. 4;arrha, 266 n. 2;foster-laen, 270 n. 1;the Old English betrothal ritual, 271 n. 2.Schubert, H. v.: on Sohm's theory of betrothal, i, 275 n. 2;cited, 290;consensus, 292 n. 3;canon-law betrothal, 293 n. 1.Scudmore: on secret marriage, i, 350.Schulenburg, Emil: on wife-capture among the Germans, i, 258 n. 1.Schulte, J. F. v.: on canon-law betrothal, i, 293 n. 1.Schurman, J. G.: cited, i, 38, 88 n. 4.Scotland: present marriage law of, i, 473 n. 2.Second marriage: among low races, i, 246 and nn. 4, 5;among early Germans, 273 n. 1, 277, notes;benediction omitted by the ancient church, 297 n. 1;the early Fathers on, ii, 24-26;councils on, 39, 40;synods of Verberie and Compiègne on, 42-44;the penitentials on, 44-46.Secondary wives, i, 143, 144, notes.Segerv.Slingerland: concerning bundling, ii, 272.Sehling, E.: on wife-capture among Germans, i, 258 n. 1;wife-purchase, 260 n. 1;betrothal, 275 n. 2;consensus, 292 n. 3;canon-law betrothal, 293 n. 1.Selden, J.: on the benediction, i, 293 n. 3, 294, 297 n. 1;dower at church door, 300 n. 1.Self-betrothal, i, 201-23: and self-gifta, 276-86;still exists in Eastern church.(See Self-gifta.)Self-beweddung.(SeeSelf-betrothal, Self-gifta.)Self-gifta: in New England colonies, ii, 209-12;in Pennsylvania, ii, 486.(SeeSelf-betrothal.)Semites: marriage institutions of, i, 17;patriarchal family, 69, 70;wife-capture, 161, 162;wife-purchase, 195-97.(SeeHebrews.)Seneca: denounces free divorce, ii, 18.Separate alimony without divorce: in Virginia, Florida, Georgia, and Oklahoma, iii,92;Indiana,118;Iowa,127;Ohio,114,115;Montana,138;Utah,133;Wisconsin,124;Wyoming,131;the southern, colonies, ii, 368-74.Separation from bed and board: whether according to scriptural teaching, ii, 21, 22;origin of the distinction, 52, 53 n. 1;rejected at Reformation, 61;by English Reformers, 73;not recognized by theReformatio legum, 78;judicial separation equivalent to, under present English law, 114, 115.—— in the American colonies: not favored by the New England Puritans, ii, 330;not granted in early Massachusetts, 331, 339 and n. 3;but in that colony granted in the eighteenth century, 345;rejected in Connecticut, 353;and practically in Rhode Island, 363;granted in New Netherland, 377, 378.—— in the states: Alabama, iii,64;Arkansas,71,72;Delaware,113;District of Columbia,79;Georgia,62;Hawaii,144;Indiana,118;Indian Territory,71,72;Kentucky,55;Louisiana,70;Maryland,56;Michigan,122;Minnesota,125;Nebraska,129;New Jersey,107;New York,105;North Carolina,58;Pennsylvania,110;Rhode Island,15;Tennessee,61;