Chapter 13

Sonder,Sundyr,Swndir,adv.inin sonder, &c., asunder,X106,XVII407 (cf. ON.í sundr);Sundyrlepys,adv.separately, (corruptly) inwyth s. l.,I234 (seeLepys, and note). [OE.sundor,on-sundran,sundorlēpes.]SeeAsunder, Synder.Sondre,Sundir,v.to disperse,VII143;intr.to separate,XVI240. [OE.(ā-)sundrian.]Sondri,adj.(withsg.) sundry,XIIintrod.,b185. [OE.syndrigunder influence ofsundor.]SeeSyndry.Sone,n.son,I46,VIIIa74,b76, &c.;Sonne,XVI241,XVII141;Sun,XIVb70, 92. [OE.sunu.]Song(e),Songge,Sang(IV),n.song, singing,I66, 168,IVa24,VII104,XIb1, 112, &c. [OE.sáng,sóng.]Songen;Sonkyn.SeeSynge(n); Synke.Sonne,n.sun, sunlight,II152,VI170,XIIa66, &c.;Son,XVII6, 354, 453;Sunne,V17,VI159, &c.;Sun,VII101, &c. [OE.sunne.]Sonne(s);Soo;Soon.SeeSone; So; Soun.Sopers,n. pl.soap-dealers,VIIIb76. [From OE.sāpe, soap.]Sopertyme,n.supper-time,VIIIa260. [OFr.so(u)per+ OE.tīma.]Sore,Sare,adj.sore; in pain,XVI204, 205; grievous,V48,X51;n.wound,V278 (seeRof, and note); pain, grief,II263, 560,XVc33;adv.sore(ly), bitterly, exceedingly,I88,IVa59,VI190,X141,XIVb60, &c. [OE.sār, n. and adj.;sāre, adv.]Sori,Sory,adj.woeful, wretched,I123,II458 (note),XVII61, 211, 264. [OE.sārig.]Sorȝe,n.sorrow, pain,V315, 347;Sorow(e),Sorwe,I210,IVa66,IX84,XVh21, &c. [OE.sorg.]Sorowand(of),pres. p.sorrowing (for),IVb80. [OE.sorgian.]Sort,n.company,VII168; kind,XIIa173. [OFr.sorte.]Soster.SeeSuster.Soth(e),Soþ(e),Suth(XIVb),adj.true,VI122,VII11,XIa51,b58, &c.;n.(the) truth,VII36,VIIIa124,IX247,XIVb58, &c.;in soth to me,IX100 (seenote);the soth for to knaw, to tell the truth,XVII246;for soþe, &c., (OE.for sōþ) for a fact, with certainty,IVa74,V26, 291,VIIIb3; indeed, certainly,II12,V234, 339,VIIIb90, &c.;adv.actually, certainly,I24,V42. [OE.sōþ, adj. and n.;sōþe, adv.]SeeSuthfast.Sothful,adj.truthful,VI138. [OE.sōþ+full.]Sothlé,Sothly,adv.truly,V294,XVII496. [OE.sōþlīce.]Soudein,adj.sudden,XIIb6;Sodeinli,Sodonly,Suddan(d)ly,adv.suddenly,VII130,X179, 184,XIIb61. [OFr.soudain.]Souereynes;Soule.SeeSoferan; Saul(e).Soun,Soon(XIII),n.sound,II272, 436,XIIa119; voice,VI172; pronunciation,XIIIb44, 46. [OFr.soun; OE.sōn.]Sounde,adj.unharmed, safe,II592;Soundly,adv.without mishap,VII128. [OE.gesúnd,gesúnd-līce.]Sounyng,n.pronunciation,XIIIb52. [From ME.soune(n), OFr.souner.]Soupe,v.to sup,VIIIa211. [OFr.souper.]Souþ,Southe,n.andadj.south,IX8,XIIIb53, 64,XVII477. [OE.sūþ, adv.]Souþeron,adj.southern,XIIIb10, 56, 60. [OE.sūþerne.]Sow,n.a sow; a movable structure with a strong roof,X5 (note), 29, 109, &c. [OE.sugu; cf. Med.L.sūs,scrōfa, in this sense.]Sowe,v.1to sew,VIIIa9, 11. [OE.sēow(i)an.]Sowe(n),v.2to sow,VIIIa26, 65, 67;Sowen,pp.VIIIa5. [OE.sāwan.]Sownd,v.to sound (for depth),XVII438. [OFr.sonder; cf. OE.súnd-līne.]Spac,adj.quick;adv.inalso spac, straightway,II343 (seeAlso). [Cf. ME.sprac-liche, mod. dial.sprack(? rel. to ON.spark-r,sprǽk-r); but seeN.E.D.]Space,n.space; place,XVI110; space of time, while,XVII337;in þat (this) space, then (now),VI78,XVII552. [OFr.(e)space.]Spak(e);Spar,v.SeeSpeke(n); Spere.Spar,n.piece of timber,XVII130. [MLG., MDu.spar(re), OFr.esparre.]Spare,v.to abstain from;trans.to spare,XVII379;intr.to hesitate to,XIVb13; to desist, stop,XIVb23;Spard,pa. t.inno sp. noiþer stub no ston(cf.sparede he neyþer tos ne heles, Havelok 898), stopped for nothing, went as fast as he could,II346. [OE.sparian.]Sparke,n.spark,XIIa69. [OE.spearca.]Spec.SeeSpeke(n).Speche,n.speech, talk(ing), language, what is said,VI40,VII34,XIIb212,XIIIb4, &c. [OE.sp(r)ǣc.]Special(l),adj.special,IX296,XVI110;in special, especially, particularly, in detail,XIIa110, 135, &c.;Specialych,Specyaly,Special(l)y, especially, particularly,I13,V25,XIa37,XIIIb58. [OFr.(e)special.]Spede,n.prosperity; (cause of) success, asset,XIVc15. [OE.spēd.]Spede,v. intr.to succeed, prosper, fare,I110,VIIIa46;Spedde,pa. t.XIIb106;all ill mot þou spede, curse you,XVI139;trans.to speed, make prosperous,V52,VI127; to further,V148;God spede, God speed thee (as greeting),XVII190. [OE.spēdan.]Speke(n),v.to speak, talk, tell, say,II138,V234,IX212,XIb256,XIIIb8,XVII206 (asfut.) &c.;Spak(e),pa. t. sg.I225,XIIa100, &c.;als I spake, according to my word,XVI28;Spec,XVg2, 28, 29;Speke,II324,VI78;Spak,pl.I200;Speke,pp.XIIb99;Spoke(n),I100,IX135, &c.;Spekynge,n.speaking, conversing,XIb121, 160. [OE.sp(r)ecan.]Spelle,n.tale, speech, talking,V116 (seeDeme),VI3,XVh8; gospel,III50. [OE.spell.]Spelle,v.to tell, declare,V72,XVh8. [OE.spellian.]Spend(e),v.to dispense,XVI28; to spend,VIIIb28, 73; use (up),XVII130; lose (life),V45;spende aboute, spend on,XIb236;Spent,Yspent,pp.ended, dead,II199, 215. [OE.spéndan.]Spendere,n.1dispenser, steward,III22, 24, 28. [Shortened from Desspendoure,q.v.]Spendour,n.2spender, spendthrift,VIIIb28. [From Spende.]Spenne,V248; ?spenne-fote, ? with feet together (a standing jump). [ON.spenna, clasp + OE.fōt.]Sper(e),n.spear,V75,X138,XIVb13;spere lenþe, spear's length,V248. [OE.spere.]Spere,Spar,v.to bar, shut,XVI139;out to spar, to keep out,XVII128;Sperde,pp.shut up,XVI110. [OE.ge-sparrian; MDu.sperren.]Sperhauke,n.sparrowhawk,VIIIa190. [OE.spear-hafoc.]SeeHaukin.Spices,n. pl.spices,IX158. [OFr.espice.]Spie,Spy,v.to spy;spyde with, detected in,XVII544; to search, enquire (after),V25 (cf. Sir Gaw. 901). [OFr.(e)spier.]SeeAspien.Spyll,Spill,v.to destroy, waste,IVa32,XIVa33. [OE.spillan.]Spille-tyme,n.idler,VIIIb28. [Prec. + OE.tīma.]Spyndill,n.spindle,XVII364. [OE.spinl; OFris., MDu.spindel.]Spyn(ne),v.to spin,VIIIa13,XVII238, 359, 361;Span,pa. t. sg.XIVintrod.;Spon,pp.XVII337. [OE.spinnan.]Spyryt,Spirit(e),n.spirit,IX85,XIb39,XIIIa2. [OFr.(e)spirit.]Spyttyn,pres. pl.spit,XVh8. [OE.spitt(i)an.]Spitus,Spytus,adj.ill-tempered,XVII416; cruel,XVII455. [Shortened from OFr.despitous.]Spoke(n);Spon.SeeSpeke(n); Spyn(ne).Spornande,pres. p.stumbling,VI3. [OE.spórnan.]Sprai,Spray,n.(leafy) spray,XVa1,c2, &c. [? OE.*spræg(cf.spræc).]Spraulyn,pres. pl.sprawl, move in ungainly fashion,XVh8. [OE.sprēawlian, move convulsively.]Sprede(n),v.to spread, unfold;intr.II67,IX217;Spradde,pa. t.(trans.)XIIa176;Sprad,pp.outspread,XIIa156. [OE.sprǣdan.]Spring(e),Spryng,Sprinke, to spring; sprout,II67,XVa1,b9,c2, &c.;con spryng, was born,VI93;Sprang,pa. t. sg.rose, broke (of day),VII167;Yspronge,pp.scattered,XIIIa19. [OE.spríngan.]Spryng,n.sunrise, early morning,IVa94. [From prec. (cf.VII167); cf. OE.up-spríng.]Sprit,pa. t.sprang,V248. [? OE.spryttan, to sprout; cf. senses ofspríngan.]Spurye,v.to enquire (after),V25. [OE.spyrian (æfter).]Square,adj.square; of regular geometric shape,IX55, 105;Squared, insix (&c.) squared, with six (&c.) regular facets,IX106;Squarenesse, geometric, crystalline, shape,IX68. [OFr.esquar(r)e, n.;esquarré, adj.;esquarrer, v.]Squier,n.squire,II86. [OFr.(e)squier.]Sserte,Sseweþ,Ssolde.SeeSchert, Schewe, Schal.Stabyl,v.to make steadfast,IVa27. [OFr.(e)stablir.]Stabylnes,n.steadfastness, constancy,IVa42,b46. [From next.]Stable,adj.steadfast,VI237,XIb119. [OFr.(e)stable.]Stad,Sted(de),pp.placed, set;stad,stratly stad,hard sted, hard put to it, sore bested,VII156,X145,XVII199;stad with, furnished with,V69;seenoteXVI40. [ON.steðja, pp.stadd-r.]Staf,n.staff, stick,XIIb55,XVII381;Staue(dat.),V69. [OE.stæf.]Staffing,n.hitting (with a staff); beating,X193. [From prec.]Stage,n.stage; degree of advancement,VI50;the hihe stage, the high places (of the gods),XIIa51. [OFr.(e)stage.]Stalke,v.to stalk, stride,V162. [OE. inbe-stealcian,stealcung.]Stall,n.(distrib. sg.) place, station,XVII345. [OE.stall.]SeeStold.Stalward,-worþ,adj.valiant, strong,II27,IVa48,X6;Stalworthly,adv.valiantly,XIVb86. [OE.stælwyrþe.]Stande(n),Stant;Stane, &c.SeeStonde; Ston(e).Stane-still,adj.perfectly silent,XIVa32. [OE.stān+stille.]SeeStill(e), Ston(e).Stark,adj.stiff,XVII268;stark ded, stiff in death,XIIa156; hard,XVh14; strong,X31;Starkast,superl.X105. [OE.stearc.]Starne,Sterne,n.star,XVII8;the seven starnes, the Seven Stars, usually the Pleiades (cf. OE.seofon steorran,seofon-stierre), but here the seven 'planets' (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Moon, Saturn, Sun, Venus),XVII423 (cf.345). [ON.stjarna, earlier*stern-.]Start,Sterte(n),v.to start; flinch,V218;pa. t.sprang,XIIa143, 152. [OE.styrtan(once),*stertan.]State,n.state, position;in a higher state, at a greater height,XVII443. [OFr.estat; L.status.]SeeAs(s)tate.Statut,n.decree, ordinance,VIIIa315,XIb105. [OFr.statut, L.statūtum.]Staue;Sted.SeeStaf; Stad.Sted(e),Stedde,Steed(e),n.1place,I15,IVa46,V145,XVI40 (seenote), &c.;in þis (other) stede, here, elsewhere,V255,XIIb177; town (ordistrib. sg.posts),X117; stead, inin mi stede,in stede of,II207,VIIIa63;pl.estates,II161. [OE.stede.]SeeStude.Stede,n.2steed,II145. [OE.stēda.]Stedfastly,adv.steadfastly,IVa90. [OE.stede-fæst, adj.]Steem,n.esteem (of men), Introduction, xxxiii. [OFr.estime.]Steke,v.to fasten, shut, &c.;Stoken,pp.shut,XVI193;stoken vp, hidden away,VII11;hatȝ stoken me þis steuen, has 'stuck me with' this tryst, imposed it on me,V126. [OE. inbe-stecan; seeN.E.D.s.v.Steek.]Stele,n.1stem; shaft, handle,V162. [OE.stela.]Stele,Steill,n.2steel,X122;trew as stele,XVII120. [OE.stēle.]Stele,v.to steal,XIVb14;Stole,pp.II491. [OE.stelan.]Stelyd,pp.made of steel,XVh14. [OE.stēled.]Stende,pa. t. subj.should stone,XVg8. [OE.stǣnan.]Stere,Steer(e),v.to steer,XIVc26,XVII175. [OE.stēoran.]Stereman,n.steersman, captain,XVII427. [OE.stēor-mann.]Steren.SeeSturne.Stere-tre,n.tiller,XVII433. [OE.stēor+trēo.]Steryd,seeStire(n);Sterne,seeStarne, Sturne;Sterte(n),seeStart.Steuen,Stevyn,n.1voice,V268,XVII72. [OE.stefn, fem.]Steuen,n.2tryst, appointed meeting,V126, 145, 170. [OE.stefn, masc., time; ON.stefna, tryst.]Steward,n.steward, master of (king's) household,II205, 495, &c.;cf.X36, 171. [OE. (late 11th c.)stī-ward.]Stie,v.to mount,XIb123. [OE.stīgan.]Stif(fe),adj.unyielding, dauntless,V31, 301,XIVc20. [OE.stīf.]Stiȝtel,Styȝtel,v.to control, govern;stiȝtleȝ, is master,V145;sturn ... to stiȝtel, ill to deal with (orharsh in his rule),V69;refl.instyȝtel þe vpon, limit yourself to,V184. [Cf. OE.stihtan.]Stik,v.to thrust through,XIVb14. [OE.stician.]Still,v.to quieten,XVII217. [OE.stillan.]Still(e),Styll(e),Styl,adj.still; motionless,I196,II117,V184; quiet, silent,I265,II443, 525,XIIa83,XVg10, 32, &c.; inactive,XIb37; calm,II103;holde me stille, hold my peace,IX279;stylle as þe ston,still as (a) stone, firm as a rock,V225,XVII525; perfectly quiet,XVII406;adv.quietly,XVb21; without contention,V317; secretly,II567; perpetually, ever,IVa42,XVI168.SeeLoud(e). [OE.stille.]Stynk,v.to stink;to thou stynk, until you stink,XVII381;Stynkynge,pres. p.disgusting,XIb99. [OE.stincan.]Stynt,v. trans.to stop, check,X65, 105;Stint,pp.ceased,II447. [OE.(ā)-styntan.]Stire(n),Stir(e),Styr(e),v. trans.andintr.to stir, move,I197,XVII366; to toss,VII141; to rouse, incite, induce,XIb39, 93, 129, 310,XVII37, &c.;Steryd,pa. t.I197. [OE.styrian.]Stith(e),adj.stout, doughty,VII7; violent,VII141, 156;quasi-sb.doughty men,VII21. [OE.stīþ.]Stod(e);Stoken.SeeStonde; Steke.Stoking,n.stabbing,X193. [OFr.estoquer; MLG.stoken.]Stok(ke),n.stem, tree-trunk,I121,XIVc82; block,XIVe1; anvil,XVh14;by stok oþer ston, anywhere,VI20;nouþur stok nor strete(rime-substitute forston), nothing,XIVc62;cf.Stub(be). [OE.stocc.]Stold,pp.fixed,XVII525 (for *Stald;seenote). [OE.stallian.]Stole.SeeStele,v.Ston(e),Stoon,Stane(X),n.stone, rock, precious stone,II151,IX88,X54, 83,XIb40,XIIb130,XIIIa53,XVg12, &c.; stone floor, ground,II197,V162;trew ... as ston in the wall,XVII515; for other phr.seeStill(e), Stok(ke), Stub(be);cf.Stane-still. [OE.stān.]Stony,adj.of stone,XIIIa5. [OE.stānig.]Stonde,Stand(e),v.;Stant,3 sg. pres.XIIa74, &c.;Stont,II556;Stod(e),pa. t.I74,II391,V301, &c.;Stood,XIIIa32;Stude,X196;Standen,pp.VI159. To stand,I8,V184,VI154, &c.;up him stod, stood up,XVg27, 29 (seeHe,masc.); to stand firm, endure, remain,IVa42,X196,XIIa188,b221,XIVd4;to stonde for, stand up for,XIa66;stonde þe a strok, stand a blow from you,V218; to stand still,I64, 169;lete ... stonde, left,VIIIa106; to be,XIIa165,XVII416;hou that it stod(e), how it had been settled,XIIb202; how matters stood,XIIa150;how so euer it standis, whatever the circumstances,XVII210;to stonde in, consist of,XIa55, 60;upon hem stant, is based on, consists of, these,XIIa127. [OE.stándan,stóndan.]Store,n.store, stock, insettis no store bi, has no regard for,XVII92. [OFr.(e)stor.]Storyis,Stories,n. pl.stories,VII11, 21,Xintrod.[OFr.(e)storie.]Storke,n.stork,IVb47;seeStrucyo. [OE.storc.]Stounde,n.space of time;in þat stounde, thereupon,II550. [OE.stúnd.]Stoupe,v.to stoop,VIIIb24. [OE.stūpian.]Stour(e),n.conflict, battle,VII7, 28,XIVc20,XVI130. [OFr.(e)stour.]Stout(e),adj.proud,II293; fierce,II184,XIVa13,XVII304, 347;adv.stoutly,II360;Stoutly,adv.boldly,X60. [OFr.(e)stout.]Strak;Straught(Strauhte).SeeStrok(e); Strecche.Strange,Straunge,adj.foreign, outlandish, strange,IX274, 311,XIIa13,XIIIb14, 40, &c.;Strangelych,adv.in a foreign tongue,XIII62. [OFr.(e)strange.]Strangere, Introduction xv; ?n.stranger, foreigner, as name of (unknown) variety of stanza; ?adj. compar.stranger (metre;i.e.than 'rime couée'). [OFr.estrangier, orestrange.]Stratly,adv.straitly;stratly stad, hard put to it,X145;ferd ... stratly with, pressed sorely on,X172. [From Streyte.]Strecche,Streche,v.to stretch;intr.extend,IX30, 180; to direct one's course, go,II341;Strauhte,pa. t.(refl.) instrauhte him to, made for,XIIb93;Straught,pp.departed,VII11;seeStreght. [OE.streccan;stræhte,strehte.]Streem,Strem,n.stream,XIIIa17, 37,XVb21. [OE.strēam.]Streght,adj.straight;streght vp, sheer,IX197. [Pp. of Strecche.]Streyt(e),adj.narrow,IX205;adv.closely,IX229. [OFr.(e)streit.]SeeStratly.Strenghe,n.strength, fortitude,IVb56, 73. [OE.stréngu.]Strenght,Strengthe;Strinth,Strynth(X);n.strength, force,IX71, 199,X187, 195,XIIIb65;full strenght, ? in full measure, fully,XVII261. [OE.strengþ(u).]Streny(hem),v. refl.to exert (themselves),VI191. [OFr.(e)streindre,(e)streign-.]Stret(e),n.street,II509,XIVa25,c62 (seeStokke),XVg5. [OE.strēt,strǣt.]Streuyn.SeeStryue.Strydeȝ,3 sg. pres.strides,V164. [OE.strīdan.]Strye.SeeStruye.Strif,Stryf(fe),n.strife, quarrel,VII28,IX83,XVII400;withoute stryf, unresisting,V255. [OFr.(e)strif.]SeeStryue.Stryke(n),Strik(e),v. trans.to strike,V31, 237,X139,XVh14,XVII231 (subj.), &c.;intr.to glide, flow,II252,XVb21;strykeȝ, shall come (i.e.for his reward),VI210. [OE.strīcan.]Strinth,Strynth.SeeStrenght.Stryþe,n.stance, firm position of the feet,V237 (cf.stryþþe, Sir Gaw. 846). [? Cf. OE.stride, stride.]Stryue,Stryfe,v.to strive;stryue aȝeines,with, rebel against, disobey,VIIIa315,XVII107;Streuyn,pp.striven,XIVb86. [OFr.(e)striver.]Strok(e),Strak(X),n.blow, stroke,V184, 255,X105,XVII382, &c. [OE.*strāc, rel. tostrīcan, Stryken.]Stronde,n.sea-shore,XIIa134. [OE.stránd.]Strong(e),adj.strong, valiant,VI171,VII7,IX92,XVI130, &c.; violent,XIIIa7, 42; severe,IX204;adv.severely,VI116 (seeEnduir, and note);Strongly,adv.vigorously,IX231. [OE.stráng,stróng;stránge,stránglīce, adv.]Strowed,pp.strewn,XIIa96. [OE.strēowian.]Strucyo,n.ostrich (wrongly explained as 'Storke'),IVb47. [L.strūthio, ostrich, stork.]Struye,v.to destroy,VIIIa29;Strye,V126. [Shortened from OFr.destrui-re; with vowel ofstryecf. Nye, Byled.] See Distroie.Strumpatis,n. pl.harlots,XIb176. [Obscure.]Stub(be),n.tree-trunk, stump,V225;noiþer stub no ston, nothing,II346 (cf.Stokke). [OE.stybb,stubb.]Stude,n.place,XVg28. [OE.styde.]SeeSted(e).Stude.SeeStonde.Study,Studie,n.deep thought,V301; study,XIb227. [OFr.(e)studie.]Studie,v.to study,XIb112, 135, &c.;subj. pl.let (many) study,XIa46;Studiynge, &c.,n.XIb230, 293, &c. [OFr.(e)studier.]SeeVnstudied.Stuf,v.to furnish, provision,XVII155;refl.to gorge, glut (oneself),XVII85. [OFr.estofer, to furnish; ? infl. byestoffer, to choke.]Sturdy,adj.obstinate,X194;Sturdely,adv.resolutely,X45. [OFr.(e)stourdi.]Sturn(e),adj.grim,V31, 68 (seeStiȝtel);Steren,XIVa13;Sterneliche,adv.grimly,VIIIa315. [OE.stýrne,*stéorne.]Subieccioun(of),n.subjection (to),IX218, 219. [OFr.subjection.]Substance,n.:þat God comaundid Himself to þe s. þerof, of which God gave Himself to be the substance,XIb223. [OFr.substance.]Succur,v.to bring help,X39. [OFr.succur-re.]SeeSocour(e).Such(e);Suddan(d)ly.SeeSwiche; Soudein.Sue(n),v.to follow,VII24,XIa38,b65, &c.;Suiende,pres. p.XIIa122;Sewyngly,adv.inseye ȝou s., go on to tell you,IX134. [OFr.suir,sewir.]Suete.SeeSwete,adj.Suffise(to),v.to be sufficient (for),IX270; to be able, capable,XIIa177 (with pleon.mai). [OFr,suffire,suffis-.]Suffre,Suffer,v.to endure, suffer, bear,I34,II264,IVa88,IX7, &c.; permit, let,VIIIa74, 174,XVI378;Ysuffred,pp.II559. [OFr.suffrir.]Suffrance,n.sufferance (of God),VIIIa138. [OFr.suffrance.]Suiende.SeeSue(n).Suir,adj.sure,XIVc39;Sure,adv.securely, well,XVII282. [OFr.s(e)ur.]Suld(e);Sulle;Sum(me).SeeSchal; Selle(n); Som(e).Summer,n.(main) beam,X104. [OFr.som(i)er,sumer.]Sumoun,v.to summon;mad sumoun, made (men) summon (them),VI179. [OFr.sumuner.]Sun;Sundir;Sung(g)e;Sun(ne);Sunner.SeeSone,n.; Sonder; Synge(n); Sonne; Sone,adv.Supplantoreȝ,n. pl.usurpers,VI80. [OFr.sousplanteor, L.supplantator.]Suppos(e),v.to imagine,XVII221;suppos that, even supposing that,Xintrod.[OFr.supposer.]Surfait,n.surfeit, excess (personified),VIIIa262. [OFr.surfait.]Sustenaunce,n.sustenance, livelihood,XIb297. [OFr.sustena(u)nce.]Suster,n.sister,I36;Soster,XVg7, 10;Syster,-yr,I112, 126. [OE.s(w)uster,swoster; ON.systir.]Sutelté,n.cunning, skill in invention,X74. [OFr.s(o)utilté.]Suth;Suþthe.SeeSoth(e); Siþen.Suthfast,adj.true,Xintrod.[OE.sōþ-fæst.]SeeSoth(e).Suthfastnes,n.truth,Xintrod.[OE.sōþfæst-nes.]Swa,Zuo(III),adv. demonstr.thus, so, in this way,III17, 39,IVb19, 45,X13; thereupon,III28; therefore,III36; in the same way,IVb49; so mightily,X144;swa þat,zuo þet, so that,III18,X155, 157. [OE.swā.]SeeSo.Swage,v.to become assuaged; to grow less,XIVc111. [Shortened from OFr.asouagier.]Swalprit,pa. t.floundered,VII162. [? Only recorded here; cf. Du.zwalpen; G. (dial.)schwalpen.]Swange.SeeSwynke.Swappit,pa. t.let fly,X83, 91, 99. [? Altered form of OE.swāpan.]Swarte,adj.black,XVh1. [OE.sweart.]Swat.SeeSwete,v.Swavnand,pres. p.swooning,X56 (v.r.swonande). [Not a possible Scottish form of Swone,q.v.Perh. scribal corruption ofswalmand, orswemand; seeN.E.D., s.vv.Swalm,Sweam.]Swech.SeeSwiche.Sweng,n.labour,VI215. [OE.(ge-)swenc,-swinc, occas.-swing.]SeeSwynke.Swerd,Sworde(V),n.sword,II295,V251,XIVb13, 61,XVII103. [OE.sweord,swurd, &c.]Swere,v.to swear, take one's oath,V54,VIIIb59,XIIb165,XVII227, &c.;Swor,pa. t.XIIb200;Swoir,X73;Swore,pp.XIIb44. [OE.swerian.]SeeForsworn.Swete,adj.sweet,II414, 442,IVa73,V169 (seeSire),XVf1, &c.;Suete,XVb5;swete wille, good pleasure,II384;(þat) swete, (that) sweet one,IVa78,XVf7;Swettere,compar.(adv.)VIIIa211;Suetest,Swettest,superl.IVa53, Introduction xii. [OE.swēte; compar.swēttra.]SeeSwote.Swete,v.to sweat,IX96; (joined with allit.swynkeor its translationtrauayle),VIIIa26, 122,b59,XIVc94,XVII195;Swat,pa. t.VI226. [OE.swǣtan, pa. t.swǣ̆tte.]Swetnesse,Swettnes,n.sweetness,IVa89,b44. [OE.swēt-nes.]Sweuene,n.dream,IX83,XIIa49, 97, 127, 147. [OE.swefn.]Swiche,Swych(e),adj.such,I2, 92,II198, 317, &c.;Swech,XVh3;Sich(e),XIa41,b159,XVII400, &c.;Such(e),II46,IX227, &c.;swych,such, such a,I79,XIIa86;swiche a, what a!,II505;swech ... a, such a,XVh16;suche, of like kind,XIIa82;pron. pl.VIIIa33, 213;alle swyche(with sg. verb), everything of the kind,I9. [OE.swelc,swilc,swylc,swulc.]SeeSwilke, Slike.Swyft,Swifte,adj.swift,VI211,XIVc65;Swiftenes,n.swiftness, swift passing,VII12. [OE.swift,swift-nes.]Swikele,adj.treacherous,XVg7. [OE.swicol.]Swilke,Swylk(e),adj.of this kind, such,IVa35,XVI38, 116;Sic,X40, 66, 74, 103, 135;pron. pl.such folk,IVb25. [Northern form of Swiche,q.v.]Swym,n.dimness, oblivion,VII12. [OE.swīma, swoon.]Swimme, to swim;Swimmende,pres. p.XIIa170, 172;Swam,pa. t.VII162. [OE.swimman.]Swyn,n. pl.swine,VIIIb19. [OE.swīn.]Swyngyng,n.swinging, strokes,VII162. [OE.swíngan.]Swynke,n.toil;in sudore(L.)and swynke(var. on usualswete and swink),VIIIa229. [OE.(ge-)swinc.]SeeSweng.Swynke,v.to toil (freq. allit. withswete),VIIIa26, 122, 188, 210,b59,XVII195;Swange,pa. t. pl.VI226. [OE.swincan, and occas. in same senseswingan.]Swire,Swyre,n.neck,XIVb68 (distrib. sg.;seeHerte),XVc27. [OE.swīra.]Swiþe,Swyþe,Swith,adv.very,II118; exceedingly,II472; (very) quickly,I106,II474,V191,XIVb51;also swiþe,as swyþe, at once,I111,II574 (seeAlso, Ase). [OE.swīþe.]Swndir;Swoir.SeeSonder; Swere.Swolowet,pp.swallowed,VII12. [OE.swe(o)lgan.]Swon,n.swan,XVc27. [OE.swan,swon.]Swone,n.swoon, infal yn a swone, fallen in a swoon,I195 (note); orig. false analysis offallyn aswone, fallen swooning (cf.II549). [OE.ge-swōgen, ME.(y)swowen, &c., pp.]SeeAswone.Swone,v.to swoon,II197. [ME.swo(w)nen, from prec.]Swor(e).SeeSwere.Swot(e),adj.pleasant, sweet,XVa13, 18. [OE.swōt.]SeeSwete,adj.

Sonder,Sundyr,Swndir,adv.inin sonder, &c., asunder,X106,XVII407 (cf. ON.í sundr);Sundyrlepys,adv.separately, (corruptly) inwyth s. l.,I234 (seeLepys, and note). [OE.sundor,on-sundran,sundorlēpes.]SeeAsunder, Synder.

Sondre,Sundir,v.to disperse,VII143;intr.to separate,XVI240. [OE.(ā-)sundrian.]

Sondri,adj.(withsg.) sundry,XIIintrod.,b185. [OE.syndrigunder influence ofsundor.]SeeSyndry.

Sone,n.son,I46,VIIIa74,b76, &c.;Sonne,XVI241,XVII141;Sun,XIVb70, 92. [OE.sunu.]

Song(e),Songge,Sang(IV),n.song, singing,I66, 168,IVa24,VII104,XIb1, 112, &c. [OE.sáng,sóng.]

Songen;Sonkyn.SeeSynge(n); Synke.

Sonne,n.sun, sunlight,II152,VI170,XIIa66, &c.;Son,XVII6, 354, 453;Sunne,V17,VI159, &c.;Sun,VII101, &c. [OE.sunne.]

Sonne(s);Soo;Soon.SeeSone; So; Soun.

Sopers,n. pl.soap-dealers,VIIIb76. [From OE.sāpe, soap.]

Sopertyme,n.supper-time,VIIIa260. [OFr.so(u)per+ OE.tīma.]

Sore,Sare,adj.sore; in pain,XVI204, 205; grievous,V48,X51;n.wound,V278 (seeRof, and note); pain, grief,II263, 560,XVc33;adv.sore(ly), bitterly, exceedingly,I88,IVa59,VI190,X141,XIVb60, &c. [OE.sār, n. and adj.;sāre, adv.]

Sori,Sory,adj.woeful, wretched,I123,II458 (note),XVII61, 211, 264. [OE.sārig.]

Sorȝe,n.sorrow, pain,V315, 347;Sorow(e),Sorwe,I210,IVa66,IX84,XVh21, &c. [OE.sorg.]

Sorowand(of),pres. p.sorrowing (for),IVb80. [OE.sorgian.]

Sort,n.company,VII168; kind,XIIa173. [OFr.sorte.]

Soster.SeeSuster.

Soth(e),Soþ(e),Suth(XIVb),adj.true,VI122,VII11,XIa51,b58, &c.;n.(the) truth,VII36,VIIIa124,IX247,XIVb58, &c.;in soth to me,IX100 (seenote);the soth for to knaw, to tell the truth,XVII246;for soþe, &c., (OE.for sōþ) for a fact, with certainty,IVa74,V26, 291,VIIIb3; indeed, certainly,II12,V234, 339,VIIIb90, &c.;adv.actually, certainly,I24,V42. [OE.sōþ, adj. and n.;sōþe, adv.]SeeSuthfast.

Sothful,adj.truthful,VI138. [OE.sōþ+full.]

Sothlé,Sothly,adv.truly,V294,XVII496. [OE.sōþlīce.]

Soudein,adj.sudden,XIIb6;Sodeinli,Sodonly,Suddan(d)ly,adv.suddenly,VII130,X179, 184,XIIb61. [OFr.soudain.]

Souereynes;Soule.SeeSoferan; Saul(e).

Soun,Soon(XIII),n.sound,II272, 436,XIIa119; voice,VI172; pronunciation,XIIIb44, 46. [OFr.soun; OE.sōn.]

Sounde,adj.unharmed, safe,II592;Soundly,adv.without mishap,VII128. [OE.gesúnd,gesúnd-līce.]

Sounyng,n.pronunciation,XIIIb52. [From ME.soune(n), OFr.souner.]

Soupe,v.to sup,VIIIa211. [OFr.souper.]

Souþ,Southe,n.andadj.south,IX8,XIIIb53, 64,XVII477. [OE.sūþ, adv.]

Souþeron,adj.southern,XIIIb10, 56, 60. [OE.sūþerne.]

Sow,n.a sow; a movable structure with a strong roof,X5 (note), 29, 109, &c. [OE.sugu; cf. Med.L.sūs,scrōfa, in this sense.]

Sowe,v.1to sew,VIIIa9, 11. [OE.sēow(i)an.]

Sowe(n),v.2to sow,VIIIa26, 65, 67;Sowen,pp.VIIIa5. [OE.sāwan.]

Sownd,v.to sound (for depth),XVII438. [OFr.sonder; cf. OE.súnd-līne.]

Spac,adj.quick;adv.inalso spac, straightway,II343 (seeAlso). [Cf. ME.sprac-liche, mod. dial.sprack(? rel. to ON.spark-r,sprǽk-r); but seeN.E.D.]

Space,n.space; place,XVI110; space of time, while,XVII337;in þat (this) space, then (now),VI78,XVII552. [OFr.(e)space.]

Spak(e);Spar,v.SeeSpeke(n); Spere.

Spar,n.piece of timber,XVII130. [MLG., MDu.spar(re), OFr.esparre.]

Spare,v.to abstain from;trans.to spare,XVII379;intr.to hesitate to,XIVb13; to desist, stop,XIVb23;Spard,pa. t.inno sp. noiþer stub no ston(cf.sparede he neyþer tos ne heles, Havelok 898), stopped for nothing, went as fast as he could,II346. [OE.sparian.]

Sparke,n.spark,XIIa69. [OE.spearca.]

Spec.SeeSpeke(n).

Speche,n.speech, talk(ing), language, what is said,VI40,VII34,XIIb212,XIIIb4, &c. [OE.sp(r)ǣc.]

Special(l),adj.special,IX296,XVI110;in special, especially, particularly, in detail,XIIa110, 135, &c.;Specialych,Specyaly,Special(l)y, especially, particularly,I13,V25,XIa37,XIIIb58. [OFr.(e)special.]

Spede,n.prosperity; (cause of) success, asset,XIVc15. [OE.spēd.]

Spede,v. intr.to succeed, prosper, fare,I110,VIIIa46;Spedde,pa. t.XIIb106;all ill mot þou spede, curse you,XVI139;trans.to speed, make prosperous,V52,VI127; to further,V148;God spede, God speed thee (as greeting),XVII190. [OE.spēdan.]

Speke(n),v.to speak, talk, tell, say,II138,V234,IX212,XIb256,XIIIb8,XVII206 (asfut.) &c.;Spak(e),pa. t. sg.I225,XIIa100, &c.;als I spake, according to my word,XVI28;Spec,XVg2, 28, 29;Speke,II324,VI78;Spak,pl.I200;Speke,pp.XIIb99;Spoke(n),I100,IX135, &c.;Spekynge,n.speaking, conversing,XIb121, 160. [OE.sp(r)ecan.]

Spelle,n.tale, speech, talking,V116 (seeDeme),VI3,XVh8; gospel,III50. [OE.spell.]

Spelle,v.to tell, declare,V72,XVh8. [OE.spellian.]

Spend(e),v.to dispense,XVI28; to spend,VIIIb28, 73; use (up),XVII130; lose (life),V45;spende aboute, spend on,XIb236;Spent,Yspent,pp.ended, dead,II199, 215. [OE.spéndan.]

Spendere,n.1dispenser, steward,III22, 24, 28. [Shortened from Desspendoure,q.v.]

Spendour,n.2spender, spendthrift,VIIIb28. [From Spende.]

Spenne,V248; ?spenne-fote, ? with feet together (a standing jump). [ON.spenna, clasp + OE.fōt.]

Sper(e),n.spear,V75,X138,XIVb13;spere lenþe, spear's length,V248. [OE.spere.]

Spere,Spar,v.to bar, shut,XVI139;out to spar, to keep out,XVII128;Sperde,pp.shut up,XVI110. [OE.ge-sparrian; MDu.sperren.]

Sperhauke,n.sparrowhawk,VIIIa190. [OE.spear-hafoc.]SeeHaukin.

Spices,n. pl.spices,IX158. [OFr.espice.]

Spie,Spy,v.to spy;spyde with, detected in,XVII544; to search, enquire (after),V25 (cf. Sir Gaw. 901). [OFr.(e)spier.]SeeAspien.

Spyll,Spill,v.to destroy, waste,IVa32,XIVa33. [OE.spillan.]

Spille-tyme,n.idler,VIIIb28. [Prec. + OE.tīma.]

Spyndill,n.spindle,XVII364. [OE.spinl; OFris., MDu.spindel.]

Spyn(ne),v.to spin,VIIIa13,XVII238, 359, 361;Span,pa. t. sg.XIVintrod.;Spon,pp.XVII337. [OE.spinnan.]

Spyryt,Spirit(e),n.spirit,IX85,XIb39,XIIIa2. [OFr.(e)spirit.]

Spyttyn,pres. pl.spit,XVh8. [OE.spitt(i)an.]

Spitus,Spytus,adj.ill-tempered,XVII416; cruel,XVII455. [Shortened from OFr.despitous.]

Spoke(n);Spon.SeeSpeke(n); Spyn(ne).

Spornande,pres. p.stumbling,VI3. [OE.spórnan.]

Sprai,Spray,n.(leafy) spray,XVa1,c2, &c. [? OE.*spræg(cf.spræc).]

Spraulyn,pres. pl.sprawl, move in ungainly fashion,XVh8. [OE.sprēawlian, move convulsively.]

Sprede(n),v.to spread, unfold;intr.II67,IX217;Spradde,pa. t.(trans.)XIIa176;Sprad,pp.outspread,XIIa156. [OE.sprǣdan.]

Spring(e),Spryng,Sprinke, to spring; sprout,II67,XVa1,b9,c2, &c.;con spryng, was born,VI93;Sprang,pa. t. sg.rose, broke (of day),VII167;Yspronge,pp.scattered,XIIIa19. [OE.spríngan.]

Spryng,n.sunrise, early morning,IVa94. [From prec. (cf.VII167); cf. OE.up-spríng.]

Sprit,pa. t.sprang,V248. [? OE.spryttan, to sprout; cf. senses ofspríngan.]

Spurye,v.to enquire (after),V25. [OE.spyrian (æfter).]

Square,adj.square; of regular geometric shape,IX55, 105;Squared, insix (&c.) squared, with six (&c.) regular facets,IX106;Squarenesse, geometric, crystalline, shape,IX68. [OFr.esquar(r)e, n.;esquarré, adj.;esquarrer, v.]

Squier,n.squire,II86. [OFr.(e)squier.]

Sserte,Sseweþ,Ssolde.SeeSchert, Schewe, Schal.

Stabyl,v.to make steadfast,IVa27. [OFr.(e)stablir.]

Stabylnes,n.steadfastness, constancy,IVa42,b46. [From next.]

Stable,adj.steadfast,VI237,XIb119. [OFr.(e)stable.]

Stad,Sted(de),pp.placed, set;stad,stratly stad,hard sted, hard put to it, sore bested,VII156,X145,XVII199;stad with, furnished with,V69;seenoteXVI40. [ON.steðja, pp.stadd-r.]

Staf,n.staff, stick,XIIb55,XVII381;Staue(dat.),V69. [OE.stæf.]

Staffing,n.hitting (with a staff); beating,X193. [From prec.]

Stage,n.stage; degree of advancement,VI50;the hihe stage, the high places (of the gods),XIIa51. [OFr.(e)stage.]

Stalke,v.to stalk, stride,V162. [OE. inbe-stealcian,stealcung.]

Stall,n.(distrib. sg.) place, station,XVII345. [OE.stall.]SeeStold.

Stalward,-worþ,adj.valiant, strong,II27,IVa48,X6;Stalworthly,adv.valiantly,XIVb86. [OE.stælwyrþe.]

Stande(n),Stant;Stane, &c.SeeStonde; Ston(e).

Stane-still,adj.perfectly silent,XIVa32. [OE.stān+stille.]SeeStill(e), Ston(e).

Stark,adj.stiff,XVII268;stark ded, stiff in death,XIIa156; hard,XVh14; strong,X31;Starkast,superl.X105. [OE.stearc.]

Starne,Sterne,n.star,XVII8;the seven starnes, the Seven Stars, usually the Pleiades (cf. OE.seofon steorran,seofon-stierre), but here the seven 'planets' (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Moon, Saturn, Sun, Venus),XVII423 (cf.345). [ON.stjarna, earlier*stern-.]

Start,Sterte(n),v.to start; flinch,V218;pa. t.sprang,XIIa143, 152. [OE.styrtan(once),*stertan.]

State,n.state, position;in a higher state, at a greater height,XVII443. [OFr.estat; L.status.]SeeAs(s)tate.

Statut,n.decree, ordinance,VIIIa315,XIb105. [OFr.statut, L.statūtum.]

Staue;Sted.SeeStaf; Stad.

Sted(e),Stedde,Steed(e),n.1place,I15,IVa46,V145,XVI40 (seenote), &c.;in þis (other) stede, here, elsewhere,V255,XIIb177; town (ordistrib. sg.posts),X117; stead, inin mi stede,in stede of,II207,VIIIa63;pl.estates,II161. [OE.stede.]SeeStude.

Stede,n.2steed,II145. [OE.stēda.]

Stedfastly,adv.steadfastly,IVa90. [OE.stede-fæst, adj.]

Steem,n.esteem (of men), Introduction, xxxiii. [OFr.estime.]

Steke,v.to fasten, shut, &c.;Stoken,pp.shut,XVI193;stoken vp, hidden away,VII11;hatȝ stoken me þis steuen, has 'stuck me with' this tryst, imposed it on me,V126. [OE. inbe-stecan; seeN.E.D.s.v.Steek.]

Stele,n.1stem; shaft, handle,V162. [OE.stela.]

Stele,Steill,n.2steel,X122;trew as stele,XVII120. [OE.stēle.]

Stele,v.to steal,XIVb14;Stole,pp.II491. [OE.stelan.]

Stelyd,pp.made of steel,XVh14. [OE.stēled.]

Stende,pa. t. subj.should stone,XVg8. [OE.stǣnan.]

Stere,Steer(e),v.to steer,XIVc26,XVII175. [OE.stēoran.]

Stereman,n.steersman, captain,XVII427. [OE.stēor-mann.]

Steren.SeeSturne.

Stere-tre,n.tiller,XVII433. [OE.stēor+trēo.]

Steryd,seeStire(n);Sterne,seeStarne, Sturne;Sterte(n),seeStart.

Steuen,Stevyn,n.1voice,V268,XVII72. [OE.stefn, fem.]

Steuen,n.2tryst, appointed meeting,V126, 145, 170. [OE.stefn, masc., time; ON.stefna, tryst.]

Steward,n.steward, master of (king's) household,II205, 495, &c.;cf.X36, 171. [OE. (late 11th c.)stī-ward.]

Stie,v.to mount,XIb123. [OE.stīgan.]

Stif(fe),adj.unyielding, dauntless,V31, 301,XIVc20. [OE.stīf.]

Stiȝtel,Styȝtel,v.to control, govern;stiȝtleȝ, is master,V145;sturn ... to stiȝtel, ill to deal with (orharsh in his rule),V69;refl.instyȝtel þe vpon, limit yourself to,V184. [Cf. OE.stihtan.]

Stik,v.to thrust through,XIVb14. [OE.stician.]

Still,v.to quieten,XVII217. [OE.stillan.]

Still(e),Styll(e),Styl,adj.still; motionless,I196,II117,V184; quiet, silent,I265,II443, 525,XIIa83,XVg10, 32, &c.; inactive,XIb37; calm,II103;holde me stille, hold my peace,IX279;stylle as þe ston,still as (a) stone, firm as a rock,V225,XVII525; perfectly quiet,XVII406;adv.quietly,XVb21; without contention,V317; secretly,II567; perpetually, ever,IVa42,XVI168.SeeLoud(e). [OE.stille.]

Stynk,v.to stink;to thou stynk, until you stink,XVII381;Stynkynge,pres. p.disgusting,XIb99. [OE.stincan.]

Stynt,v. trans.to stop, check,X65, 105;Stint,pp.ceased,II447. [OE.(ā)-styntan.]

Stire(n),Stir(e),Styr(e),v. trans.andintr.to stir, move,I197,XVII366; to toss,VII141; to rouse, incite, induce,XIb39, 93, 129, 310,XVII37, &c.;Steryd,pa. t.I197. [OE.styrian.]

Stith(e),adj.stout, doughty,VII7; violent,VII141, 156;quasi-sb.doughty men,VII21. [OE.stīþ.]

Stod(e);Stoken.SeeStonde; Steke.

Stoking,n.stabbing,X193. [OFr.estoquer; MLG.stoken.]

Stok(ke),n.stem, tree-trunk,I121,XIVc82; block,XIVe1; anvil,XVh14;by stok oþer ston, anywhere,VI20;nouþur stok nor strete(rime-substitute forston), nothing,XIVc62;cf.Stub(be). [OE.stocc.]

Stold,pp.fixed,XVII525 (for *Stald;seenote). [OE.stallian.]

Stole.SeeStele,v.

Ston(e),Stoon,Stane(X),n.stone, rock, precious stone,II151,IX88,X54, 83,XIb40,XIIb130,XIIIa53,XVg12, &c.; stone floor, ground,II197,V162;trew ... as ston in the wall,XVII515; for other phr.seeStill(e), Stok(ke), Stub(be);cf.Stane-still. [OE.stān.]

Stony,adj.of stone,XIIIa5. [OE.stānig.]

Stonde,Stand(e),v.;Stant,3 sg. pres.XIIa74, &c.;Stont,II556;Stod(e),pa. t.I74,II391,V301, &c.;Stood,XIIIa32;Stude,X196;Standen,pp.VI159. To stand,I8,V184,VI154, &c.;up him stod, stood up,XVg27, 29 (seeHe,masc.); to stand firm, endure, remain,IVa42,X196,XIIa188,b221,XIVd4;to stonde for, stand up for,XIa66;stonde þe a strok, stand a blow from you,V218; to stand still,I64, 169;lete ... stonde, left,VIIIa106; to be,XIIa165,XVII416;hou that it stod(e), how it had been settled,XIIb202; how matters stood,XIIa150;how so euer it standis, whatever the circumstances,XVII210;to stonde in, consist of,XIa55, 60;upon hem stant, is based on, consists of, these,XIIa127. [OE.stándan,stóndan.]

Store,n.store, stock, insettis no store bi, has no regard for,XVII92. [OFr.(e)stor.]

Storyis,Stories,n. pl.stories,VII11, 21,Xintrod.[OFr.(e)storie.]

Storke,n.stork,IVb47;seeStrucyo. [OE.storc.]

Stounde,n.space of time;in þat stounde, thereupon,II550. [OE.stúnd.]

Stoupe,v.to stoop,VIIIb24. [OE.stūpian.]

Stour(e),n.conflict, battle,VII7, 28,XIVc20,XVI130. [OFr.(e)stour.]

Stout(e),adj.proud,II293; fierce,II184,XIVa13,XVII304, 347;adv.stoutly,II360;Stoutly,adv.boldly,X60. [OFr.(e)stout.]

Strak;Straught(Strauhte).SeeStrok(e); Strecche.

Strange,Straunge,adj.foreign, outlandish, strange,IX274, 311,XIIa13,XIIIb14, 40, &c.;Strangelych,adv.in a foreign tongue,XIII62. [OFr.(e)strange.]

Strangere, Introduction xv; ?n.stranger, foreigner, as name of (unknown) variety of stanza; ?adj. compar.stranger (metre;i.e.than 'rime couée'). [OFr.estrangier, orestrange.]

Stratly,adv.straitly;stratly stad, hard put to it,X145;ferd ... stratly with, pressed sorely on,X172. [From Streyte.]

Strecche,Streche,v.to stretch;intr.extend,IX30, 180; to direct one's course, go,II341;Strauhte,pa. t.(refl.) instrauhte him to, made for,XIIb93;Straught,pp.departed,VII11;seeStreght. [OE.streccan;stræhte,strehte.]

Streem,Strem,n.stream,XIIIa17, 37,XVb21. [OE.strēam.]

Streght,adj.straight;streght vp, sheer,IX197. [Pp. of Strecche.]

Streyt(e),adj.narrow,IX205;adv.closely,IX229. [OFr.(e)streit.]SeeStratly.

Strenghe,n.strength, fortitude,IVb56, 73. [OE.stréngu.]

Strenght,Strengthe;Strinth,Strynth(X);n.strength, force,IX71, 199,X187, 195,XIIIb65;full strenght, ? in full measure, fully,XVII261. [OE.strengþ(u).]

Streny(hem),v. refl.to exert (themselves),VI191. [OFr.(e)streindre,(e)streign-.]

Stret(e),n.street,II509,XIVa25,c62 (seeStokke),XVg5. [OE.strēt,strǣt.]

Streuyn.SeeStryue.

Strydeȝ,3 sg. pres.strides,V164. [OE.strīdan.]

Strye.SeeStruye.

Strif,Stryf(fe),n.strife, quarrel,VII28,IX83,XVII400;withoute stryf, unresisting,V255. [OFr.(e)strif.]SeeStryue.

Stryke(n),Strik(e),v. trans.to strike,V31, 237,X139,XVh14,XVII231 (subj.), &c.;intr.to glide, flow,II252,XVb21;strykeȝ, shall come (i.e.for his reward),VI210. [OE.strīcan.]

Strinth,Strynth.SeeStrenght.

Stryþe,n.stance, firm position of the feet,V237 (cf.stryþþe, Sir Gaw. 846). [? Cf. OE.stride, stride.]

Stryue,Stryfe,v.to strive;stryue aȝeines,with, rebel against, disobey,VIIIa315,XVII107;Streuyn,pp.striven,XIVb86. [OFr.(e)striver.]

Strok(e),Strak(X),n.blow, stroke,V184, 255,X105,XVII382, &c. [OE.*strāc, rel. tostrīcan, Stryken.]

Stronde,n.sea-shore,XIIa134. [OE.stránd.]

Strong(e),adj.strong, valiant,VI171,VII7,IX92,XVI130, &c.; violent,XIIIa7, 42; severe,IX204;adv.severely,VI116 (seeEnduir, and note);Strongly,adv.vigorously,IX231. [OE.stráng,stróng;stránge,stránglīce, adv.]

Strowed,pp.strewn,XIIa96. [OE.strēowian.]

Strucyo,n.ostrich (wrongly explained as 'Storke'),IVb47. [L.strūthio, ostrich, stork.]

Struye,v.to destroy,VIIIa29;Strye,V126. [Shortened from OFr.destrui-re; with vowel ofstryecf. Nye, Byled.] See Distroie.

Strumpatis,n. pl.harlots,XIb176. [Obscure.]

Stub(be),n.tree-trunk, stump,V225;noiþer stub no ston, nothing,II346 (cf.Stokke). [OE.stybb,stubb.]

Stude,n.place,XVg28. [OE.styde.]SeeSted(e).

Stude.SeeStonde.

Study,Studie,n.deep thought,V301; study,XIb227. [OFr.(e)studie.]

Studie,v.to study,XIb112, 135, &c.;subj. pl.let (many) study,XIa46;Studiynge, &c.,n.XIb230, 293, &c. [OFr.(e)studier.]SeeVnstudied.

Stuf,v.to furnish, provision,XVII155;refl.to gorge, glut (oneself),XVII85. [OFr.estofer, to furnish; ? infl. byestoffer, to choke.]

Sturdy,adj.obstinate,X194;Sturdely,adv.resolutely,X45. [OFr.(e)stourdi.]

Sturn(e),adj.grim,V31, 68 (seeStiȝtel);Steren,XIVa13;Sterneliche,adv.grimly,VIIIa315. [OE.stýrne,*stéorne.]

Subieccioun(of),n.subjection (to),IX218, 219. [OFr.subjection.]

Substance,n.:þat God comaundid Himself to þe s. þerof, of which God gave Himself to be the substance,XIb223. [OFr.substance.]

Succur,v.to bring help,X39. [OFr.succur-re.]SeeSocour(e).

Such(e);Suddan(d)ly.SeeSwiche; Soudein.

Sue(n),v.to follow,VII24,XIa38,b65, &c.;Suiende,pres. p.XIIa122;Sewyngly,adv.inseye ȝou s., go on to tell you,IX134. [OFr.suir,sewir.]

Suete.SeeSwete,adj.

Suffise(to),v.to be sufficient (for),IX270; to be able, capable,XIIa177 (with pleon.mai). [OFr,suffire,suffis-.]

Suffre,Suffer,v.to endure, suffer, bear,I34,II264,IVa88,IX7, &c.; permit, let,VIIIa74, 174,XVI378;Ysuffred,pp.II559. [OFr.suffrir.]

Suffrance,n.sufferance (of God),VIIIa138. [OFr.suffrance.]

Suiende.SeeSue(n).

Suir,adj.sure,XIVc39;Sure,adv.securely, well,XVII282. [OFr.s(e)ur.]

Suld(e);Sulle;Sum(me).SeeSchal; Selle(n); Som(e).

Summer,n.(main) beam,X104. [OFr.som(i)er,sumer.]

Sumoun,v.to summon;mad sumoun, made (men) summon (them),VI179. [OFr.sumuner.]

Sun;Sundir;Sung(g)e;Sun(ne);Sunner.SeeSone,n.; Sonder; Synge(n); Sonne; Sone,adv.

Supplantoreȝ,n. pl.usurpers,VI80. [OFr.sousplanteor, L.supplantator.]

Suppos(e),v.to imagine,XVII221;suppos that, even supposing that,Xintrod.[OFr.supposer.]

Surfait,n.surfeit, excess (personified),VIIIa262. [OFr.surfait.]

Sustenaunce,n.sustenance, livelihood,XIb297. [OFr.sustena(u)nce.]

Suster,n.sister,I36;Soster,XVg7, 10;Syster,-yr,I112, 126. [OE.s(w)uster,swoster; ON.systir.]

Sutelté,n.cunning, skill in invention,X74. [OFr.s(o)utilté.]

Suth;Suþthe.SeeSoth(e); Siþen.

Suthfast,adj.true,Xintrod.[OE.sōþ-fæst.]SeeSoth(e).

Suthfastnes,n.truth,Xintrod.[OE.sōþfæst-nes.]

Swa,Zuo(III),adv. demonstr.thus, so, in this way,III17, 39,IVb19, 45,X13; thereupon,III28; therefore,III36; in the same way,IVb49; so mightily,X144;swa þat,zuo þet, so that,III18,X155, 157. [OE.swā.]SeeSo.

Swage,v.to become assuaged; to grow less,XIVc111. [Shortened from OFr.asouagier.]

Swalprit,pa. t.floundered,VII162. [? Only recorded here; cf. Du.zwalpen; G. (dial.)schwalpen.]

Swange.SeeSwynke.

Swappit,pa. t.let fly,X83, 91, 99. [? Altered form of OE.swāpan.]

Swarte,adj.black,XVh1. [OE.sweart.]

Swat.SeeSwete,v.

Swavnand,pres. p.swooning,X56 (v.r.swonande). [Not a possible Scottish form of Swone,q.v.Perh. scribal corruption ofswalmand, orswemand; seeN.E.D., s.vv.Swalm,Sweam.]

Swech.SeeSwiche.

Sweng,n.labour,VI215. [OE.(ge-)swenc,-swinc, occas.-swing.]SeeSwynke.

Swerd,Sworde(V),n.sword,II295,V251,XIVb13, 61,XVII103. [OE.sweord,swurd, &c.]

Swere,v.to swear, take one's oath,V54,VIIIb59,XIIb165,XVII227, &c.;Swor,pa. t.XIIb200;Swoir,X73;Swore,pp.XIIb44. [OE.swerian.]SeeForsworn.

Swete,adj.sweet,II414, 442,IVa73,V169 (seeSire),XVf1, &c.;Suete,XVb5;swete wille, good pleasure,II384;(þat) swete, (that) sweet one,IVa78,XVf7;Swettere,compar.(adv.)VIIIa211;Suetest,Swettest,superl.IVa53, Introduction xii. [OE.swēte; compar.swēttra.]SeeSwote.

Swete,v.to sweat,IX96; (joined with allit.swynkeor its translationtrauayle),VIIIa26, 122,b59,XIVc94,XVII195;Swat,pa. t.VI226. [OE.swǣtan, pa. t.swǣ̆tte.]

Swetnesse,Swettnes,n.sweetness,IVa89,b44. [OE.swēt-nes.]

Sweuene,n.dream,IX83,XIIa49, 97, 127, 147. [OE.swefn.]

Swiche,Swych(e),adj.such,I2, 92,II198, 317, &c.;Swech,XVh3;Sich(e),XIa41,b159,XVII400, &c.;Such(e),II46,IX227, &c.;swych,such, such a,I79,XIIa86;swiche a, what a!,II505;swech ... a, such a,XVh16;suche, of like kind,XIIa82;pron. pl.VIIIa33, 213;alle swyche(with sg. verb), everything of the kind,I9. [OE.swelc,swilc,swylc,swulc.]SeeSwilke, Slike.

Swyft,Swifte,adj.swift,VI211,XIVc65;Swiftenes,n.swiftness, swift passing,VII12. [OE.swift,swift-nes.]

Swikele,adj.treacherous,XVg7. [OE.swicol.]

Swilke,Swylk(e),adj.of this kind, such,IVa35,XVI38, 116;Sic,X40, 66, 74, 103, 135;pron. pl.such folk,IVb25. [Northern form of Swiche,q.v.]

Swym,n.dimness, oblivion,VII12. [OE.swīma, swoon.]

Swimme, to swim;Swimmende,pres. p.XIIa170, 172;Swam,pa. t.VII162. [OE.swimman.]

Swyn,n. pl.swine,VIIIb19. [OE.swīn.]

Swyngyng,n.swinging, strokes,VII162. [OE.swíngan.]

Swynke,n.toil;in sudore(L.)and swynke(var. on usualswete and swink),VIIIa229. [OE.(ge-)swinc.]SeeSweng.

Swynke,v.to toil (freq. allit. withswete),VIIIa26, 122, 188, 210,b59,XVII195;Swange,pa. t. pl.VI226. [OE.swincan, and occas. in same senseswingan.]

Swire,Swyre,n.neck,XIVb68 (distrib. sg.;seeHerte),XVc27. [OE.swīra.]

Swiþe,Swyþe,Swith,adv.very,II118; exceedingly,II472; (very) quickly,I106,II474,V191,XIVb51;also swiþe,as swyþe, at once,I111,II574 (seeAlso, Ase). [OE.swīþe.]

Swndir;Swoir.SeeSonder; Swere.

Swolowet,pp.swallowed,VII12. [OE.swe(o)lgan.]

Swon,n.swan,XVc27. [OE.swan,swon.]

Swone,n.swoon, infal yn a swone, fallen in a swoon,I195 (note); orig. false analysis offallyn aswone, fallen swooning (cf.II549). [OE.ge-swōgen, ME.(y)swowen, &c., pp.]SeeAswone.

Swone,v.to swoon,II197. [ME.swo(w)nen, from prec.]

Swor(e).SeeSwere.

Swot(e),adj.pleasant, sweet,XVa13, 18. [OE.swōt.]SeeSwete,adj.


Back to IndexNext