FOOTNOTES:

TABLE IICHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE SUN (ROWLAND, 1891).Arranged according to the number of their representative Lines in the Solar Spectrum.Iron (2000+).Neodymium.Cadmium.Nickel.Lanthanum.Rhodium.Titanium.Yttrium.Erbium.Manganese.Niobium.Zinc.Chromium.Molybdenum.Copper (2).Cobalt.Palladium.Silver (2).Carbon (200+).Magnesium (20+).Glucinum (2).Vanadium.Sodium (11).Germanium.Zirconium.Silicon.Tin.Cerium.Strontium.Lead (1).Calcium (75+).Barium.Potassium (1).Scandium.Aluminium (4).TABLE IIIEPOCHS OF SUN-SPOT MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM FROM 1610 TO 1901.Minima.Maxima.Minima.Maxima.Minima.Maxima.1610·81615·51712·01718·21810·61816·41619·01626·01723·51727·51823·31829·91634·01639·51734·01738·71833·91837·21645·01649·01745·01750·31843·51848·11655·01660·01755·21761·51856·01860·11666·01675·01766·51769·71867·21870·61679·51685·01775·51778·41878·91884·01689·51693·01784·71788·11890·21894·01698·91705·51798·31804·21901·9TABLE IV.MOVEMENTS OF SUN AND STARS.1. Translation of Solar System.Apex of Movement.Authority.Date.R. A.Dec.277° 30′+ 35°Newcomb1898273° 36′+ 29° 30′Kapteyn1901279°+ 46°Porter1901275°+ 45°Boss1901277° 30′+ 20°Campbell (from stellar spectroscopic measures)1902Velocity=12·4 miles per second (Campbell).2. Stellar Velocities.Name of Star.Rate.Direction.Remarks.Miles per Sec.δ Leporis58RecedingCampbell, 1901η Cephei54Approaching" 1899θ Canis Majoris60Receding" 1901ι Pegasi47Approaching" "μ Sagittarii47Approaching" "ε Andromedæ52Approaching" "ζ Herculis44ApproachingBélopolsky, 189361 Cygni34Approaching" "μ Cassiopeiæ60ApproachingCampbell, 19011830 Groombridge59Approaching" "Arcturus4·3ApproachingKeeler, 1890Arcturus278TangentialAccepting Elkin's parallax of 0·024′1830 Groombridge150TangentialParallax = 0·14′μ Cassiopeiæ113TangentialParallax = 0·10′ (Peter)Z. C. 5h24382TangentialParallax = 0·312′ (Gill)Lacaille, 2,95778TangentialParallax = 0·064′ (Gill)Lacaille, 9,35273TangentialParallax = 0·283′ (Gill)o2, Eridani72TangentialParallax = 0·166′ (Gill)ε Eridani61TangentialParallax = 0·149′ (Gill)TABLE V.LIST OF GREAT TELESCOPES.1. Reflectors--A. Metallic Specula.Locality.Aperture in Inches.Focal Length in Feet.Constructor.Remarks.Birr Castle, Parsonstown, Ireland7254Third Earl of Rosse, 1845Newtonian.Melbourne Observatory4828T. Grubb, 1870Cassegrain.Birr Castle36--Third Earl of Rosse, 1839Newtonian. Remounted equatoreally 1876.Royal Observatory Greenwich2420William Lassell, 1846Newtonian. Presented by the Missess Lassell to the Royal ObservatoryB. Silvered Glass Mirrors.Ealing, near London6027A. A. Common, 1891Newtonian.Yerkes Observatory6025G. W. Richey, 1902Can be employed at choice as a Coudé or a Cassegrain.National Observatory, Paris48--Martin, 1875Newtonian. Remodelled for spectrographic work by Deslandres in 1892Meudon Observatory399·7Lick Observatory3617·5Calver, 1879Mounted by Common at Ealing in 1879. Sold by him to Crossley, 1885. Presented by Crossley to the Lick Observatory, 1895.Toulouse Observatory32·516·2Brothers HenryMarseilles Observatory31·5--FoucaultRoyal Observatory, Greenwich30--Cassegrain. Mounted as a counterpoise to the Thompson equatoreal.Westgate-on-Sea30--Common, 1889The property of Sir Norman Lockyer.Harvard College Observatory28--H. Draper, 1870Mounted for spectrographic work,1887.Royal Observatory, Edinburgh24--T. Grubb, 1872Daramona, Ireland2410·5Sir H. Grubb, 1881Remounted 1891. Owned by Mr. W. E.Wilson.Yerkes Observatory23·57·7Ritchey, 1901Ritchey, Cassegrain, with an equivalent focal length of 38 feet.Harvard College Observatory20--Common, 1890Crowborough, Sussex208·2Sir H. Grubb, 1885Mounted with a 7-inch refractor.2. Refractors.Palais de l'Optique, Paris49·2197Gautier, 1900Mounted as a siderostat in connection with a plane mirror 79 inches across.Yerkes Observatory4062Alvan G. Clark, 1897Lick Observatory3657·8A. Clark and Sons, 1888For photographic purposes a correcting lens is available, of 33 inches aperture, 47·8 feet focus.Meudon Observatory32·555·2Henrys and Gautier, 1891Mounted with a photographic refractor of 24·4 inches aperture.Astrophysical Observatory, Potsdam31·539·4Steinheil and Repsold, 1899Photographic. Mounted with a visual refractor 20 inches in aperture.Bischoffsheim Observatory, Nice30·352·6Henrys and Gautier, 1886Visual. Mounted on Mont Gros, 1,100 feet above sea level.Imperial Observatory, Pulkowa3042A. Clark and Sons, 1885Visual. Mounted by Repshold.National Observatory, Paris28·9--MartinRoyal Observatory, Greenwich2828Sir H. Grubb, 1894Visual and photographic. Mounted by Ransome and Simms.University Observatory, Vienna2734Sir H. Grubb, 1881Visual.Royal Observatory, Greenwich2626Sir H. Grubb, 1897The Thompson photographic equatoreal.Naval Observatory, Washington2629A. Clark and Sons, 1873Leander McCormick Observatory, Virginia2632·5A. Clark and Sons, 1881Cambridge University Observatory25--T. Cooke and Sons. 1870Presented to the University in 1889 by Mr. R. S. Newall.Meudon Observatory24·452·2Henrys and Gautier, 1891Photographic. Mounted with a visual 32·5-inch refractor.Harvard College Observatory2411·3A. Clark and Sons, 1893Photographic doublet. The gift of Miss Bruce. Transfered in 1896 to Arequipa, Peru.Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope2422·6Sir H. Grubb, 1898Photographic. The gift of Mr. McClean. Mounted with an 18-inch visual refractor.Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona2431Alvan G. Clark, 1896Visual. First mounted near the city of Mexico. Installed at Flagstaff, 1897.National Observatory, Paris23·659Henrys and Gautier, 1891Visual and photographic. Mounted as an equatoreal Coudé.Halsted Observatory, Princeton, N.J.2332A. Clark and Sons, 1883City Observatory, Edinburgh2230--Mounted as a visual equatoreal on the Calton Hill, 1898.Etna Observatory21·8--Merz, 1897Buckingham Observatory21·2--Buckingham and WraggePorro Observatory, Turin20·5--PorroChamberlin Observatory, Colorado2028Alvan G. Clark and Saegmüller, 1894Visual. Fitted with a reversible crown lens for photography.Manila Observatory20--Merz and Saegmüller, 1894Visual. Provided with a photographic correcting lens.Strasburg Observatory19·223Merz and Repsold, 1880Brera Observatory, Milan19·123Merz and RepsoldDearborn Observatory, Illinois18·527A. Clark and Sons, 1862Mounted 1864National Observatory, La Plata18·129·5Henrys and Gautier, 1890Coudé Mount. Visual.Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona1826·3Brashear, 1894Mounted with a 12-inch Clark refractor as counterpoise.Van der Zee Observatory, Buffalo, N.Y.18--FitzDismounted.Bischoffsheim Observatory, Nice16·526·2Henrys and Gautier, 1889Coudé Mount. Visual.University Observatory, Vienna16·529·5Henrys and Gautier, 1890Coudé Mount. Visual.Jesuit Observatory, Zi-ka-Wei16·522·5Henrys and Gautier, 1897Photographic. Mounted with a visual refractor of equal aperture.Goodsell Observatory, Northfield, Minnesota16·2--Brashear, 1891Warner Observatory, Rochester, N.Y.1622A. Clark and Sons, 1891Grand-Ducal Observatory, Königsstuhl, Heidelberg166·6Brashear and Grubb, 1900A twin photographic doublet. The gift of Miss Bruce. Mounted with a visual 10-inch refractor by Pauly.Meudon Observatory15·75·3Washburn Observatory, Wisconsin15·620·3A. Clark and Sons, 1879Teramo Observatory, Italy15·5--T. Cooke and Sons, 1885Formerly the property of Mr. Wigglesworth.Royal Observatory, Edinburgh15·1--T. Grubb, 1872Presented by Lord Crawford.Madrid Observatory15-MerzTulse Hill Observatory1515Sir H. Grubb, 1870Lent by the Royal Society to Sir William Huggins. Mounted with an 18-inch Cassegrain reflector.National Observatory, Paris1529LereboursHarvard College Observatory1522Merz, 1847National Observatory, Rio de Janeiro15--Tacubaya Observatory, Mexico1515Sir H. Grubb, 1880Stonyhurst College Observatory1515Sir H. Grubb, 1893Brera Observatory, Milan15--University of Mississippi1515Sir H. Grubb, 1893Visual. Mounted with a photographic 9-inch refractor.Imperial Observatory, Pulkowa1522·5Merz and Mahler, 1840Maidenhead Observatory15--Sir H. Grubb, 1893The property of Mr. Dunn. Mounted with a twin photographic refractor.Odessa Observatory14·9--Merz, 1881Bischoffsheim Observatory, Nice14·923Henrys and GautierBrussels Observatory14·920Merz and Cooke, 1877Observatory of Bordeaux14·922·4Merz and Gautier, 1880Observatory of Lisbon14·9--Merz and Mahler

TABLE II

CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE SUN (ROWLAND, 1891).

Arranged according to the number of their representative Lines in the Solar Spectrum.

TABLE III

EPOCHS OF SUN-SPOT MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM FROM 1610 TO 1901.

TABLE IV.

MOVEMENTS OF SUN AND STARS.

1. Translation of Solar System.

2. Stellar Velocities.

TABLE V.

LIST OF GREAT TELESCOPES.

1. Reflectors--A. Metallic Specula.

B. Silvered Glass Mirrors.

2. Refractors.

TABLE VI.List of Observatories employed in the Construction of the Photographic Chart and Catalogue of the Heavens.All are provided with 13-inch photographic, coupled with 11-inch visual refractors:Name of Observatory.Constructors of Instruments.Optical Part.Mechanical Part.ParisHenrysGautierAlgiers,,,,Bordeaux,,,,San Fernando (Spain),,,,Vatican,,,,Cordoba,,,,Montevideo,,,,Perth, Western Australia,,,,Helsingfors,,RepsoldPotsdamSteinheil,,Catania,,SalmoiraghiGreenwichSir H. GrubbSir H. GrubbOxford,,,,The Cape,,,,Melbourne,,,,Sydney,,,,Tacubaya (Mexico),,,,

TABLE VI.

List of Observatories employed in the Construction of the Photographic Chart and Catalogue of the Heavens.

All are provided with 13-inch photographic, coupled with 11-inch visual refractors:

FOOTNOTES:[1630]Comptes Rendus, t. xliv., p. 339.[1631]A. A. Common,Memoirs R. Astr. Soc., vol. i., p. 118.[1632]Newcomb,Pop. Astr., p. 137.[1633]Month. Not., vol. liv., p. 67.[1634]Keeler,Publ. Astr. Pac. Soc., vol. ii., p. 160.[1635]H. Grubb,Trans. Roy. Dub. Soc., vol. i. (new ser.), p. 2.[1636]Hale, nevertheless (Astroph. Jour., vol. v., p. 128), considers that refractors preserve their superiority of visual light-grasp over Newtonian reflectors up to an aperture of 52-1/2, while equalisation is reached for the photographic rays at 34 inches.[1637]Astroph. Jour., vol. v., p. 130.[1638]Phil. Trans., vol. cxlviii., p. 465.[1639]Optics, p. 107 (2nd ed., 1719).[1640]Observatory, vol. viii., p. 85.[1641]Holden on Celestial Photography,Overland Monthly, Nov., 1886.[1642]Observatory, vol. xv., p. 283.[1643]Bailey,Astroph. Jour., vol. x., p. 255.[1644]Harvard Circulars, Nos. 2, 18, 24, 33;[1645]Loewy,Bull. Astr., t. i., p. 286;Nature, vol. xxix., p. 36.[1646]Nature, vol. xxiv., p. 389.[1647]Ibid., vol. xxix., p. 470.[1648]Trans. R. Dublin Soc., vol. iii., p. 61.[1649]Observatory, vol. vii., p. 167.[1650]Loewy,Bull. Astr., t. i., p. 265.[1651]Phil. Trans., vol. clxxi., p. 653.[1652]Janssen,L'Astronomie, t. ii., p. 121.[1653]Rev. A. L. Cortie,Astr. and Astrophysics, vol. xi., p. 400.[1654]Phil. Mag., vol. xiii., 1882, p. 469.[1655]Bull. Astr., t. iii., p. 331.

[1630]Comptes Rendus, t. xliv., p. 339.

[1631]A. A. Common,Memoirs R. Astr. Soc., vol. i., p. 118.

[1632]Newcomb,Pop. Astr., p. 137.

[1633]Month. Not., vol. liv., p. 67.

[1634]Keeler,Publ. Astr. Pac. Soc., vol. ii., p. 160.

[1635]H. Grubb,Trans. Roy. Dub. Soc., vol. i. (new ser.), p. 2.

[1636]Hale, nevertheless (Astroph. Jour., vol. v., p. 128), considers that refractors preserve their superiority of visual light-grasp over Newtonian reflectors up to an aperture of 52-1/2, while equalisation is reached for the photographic rays at 34 inches.

[1637]Astroph. Jour., vol. v., p. 130.

[1638]Phil. Trans., vol. cxlviii., p. 465.

[1639]Optics, p. 107 (2nd ed., 1719).

[1640]Observatory, vol. viii., p. 85.

[1641]Holden on Celestial Photography,Overland Monthly, Nov., 1886.

[1642]Observatory, vol. xv., p. 283.

[1643]Bailey,Astroph. Jour., vol. x., p. 255.

[1644]Harvard Circulars, Nos. 2, 18, 24, 33;

[1645]Loewy,Bull. Astr., t. i., p. 286;Nature, vol. xxix., p. 36.

[1646]Nature, vol. xxiv., p. 389.

[1647]Ibid., vol. xxix., p. 470.

[1648]Trans. R. Dublin Soc., vol. iii., p. 61.

[1649]Observatory, vol. vii., p. 167.

[1650]Loewy,Bull. Astr., t. i., p. 265.

[1651]Phil. Trans., vol. clxxi., p. 653.

[1652]Janssen,L'Astronomie, t. ii., p. 121.

[1653]Rev. A. L. Cortie,Astr. and Astrophysics, vol. xi., p. 400.

[1654]Phil. Mag., vol. xiii., 1882, p. 469.

[1655]Bull. Astr., t. iii., p. 331.

Abbe, Cleveland, corona of 1878176177

Aberdour, Lord, solar chromosphere,68

Aberration, discovered by Bradley,3,15;cause of,31,231investigations of,241438

Abney, daylight coronal photographs,179;infra-red photography,210223438

Absorption, terrestrial atmospheric,134211214-216225;solar,134-136172213221222225277correlative with emission,135136140

Adams, discovery of Neptune,79-82;lunar acceleration,271orbit of November meteors,331

Aerolites, falls of,339340

Airy, solar translation,39;observations during eclipses,62,64,70Astronomer-Royal,79search for Neptune,80,81corona of 1851175solar parallax,227236transit of Venus,233Mercurian halo,235lunar atmosphere,264

Aitken, double star discoveries,419

Albedo, of Mercury,246;of Venus,255of Mars,283of minor planets,288of Jupiter,290of Saturn,303of Uranus,304

Alexander, spiral nebulæ,118;observation during eclipse,245

Algol, variability of light,10,390;eclipses,390nature of system,391

Altitude and azimuth instrument, 120note,121

Amici, comet of 1843103

Anderson, discovery of Nova Aurigæ,396;of Nova Persei,400

Andrews, conditions of liquefaction,151

Ångström, C. J.,Optical Researches,138;spark spectrum,139nature of photosphere,152solar spectroscopy,210212hydrogen in sun,211temperature of stars,375

Ångström, K., infra-red solar spectrum,210;solar constant,225

Arago, eclipse of 184262,64,65;prominences,69polarization in comets,103magnetic relations of auroræ,130nature of photosphere,151meteor-systems,329

Arai, photographs of corona of 1887185

Arcturus, spectrum,373383;radial movement,387

Argelander, Bonn Durchmusterung,32,423;solar motion,39centre of Milky Way,40comet of 1811100

Aristotle, description of a comet,350

Arrhenius, light-pressure theory of comets,348

Asten, movements of Encke's comet,94

Asteroids, so designated by Herschel,75

Astronomical circles,121122

Astronomical physics,7,141142

Astronomical Society founded,6;Herschel its first President,14

Astronomy, classification,1;popularity and progress,5in United States,6in Germany,28practical reform,32of the invisible,42physical,141

Atmosphere, solar,94,182192221225;of Venus,236239253254of Mercury,246-248of the moon,263264of Mars,276of minor planets,288

Auroræ, periodicity,129162;excited by meteors,335

Auwers, reduction of Bradley's observations,39;system of Procyon,42opposition of Victoria,238solar parallax,240new star in Scorpio,395

Babinet, nebular hypothesis,314

Backlund, movements of Encke's comet,94,360[Pg 472]

Baden-Powell, Sir George, eclipse expedition,188

Bailey, nebulosity round Pleiades,411;stellar photometric observations,421discovery of variable clusters,436

Baily, early life and career,59-61;observations of eclipses,61-64density of the earth,60,261

Baily's Beads,61,62

Bakhuyzen, rotation of Mars,275

Ball, Sir Robert, parallaxes of stars, 36note,416;contacts in transits,239

Balmer's Law,198383

Barnard, micrometrical measures of Neptune,84;of minor planets,288of Saturn's rings,301photographs of solar corona,186190transit of Mercury,245halo round Venus,254surface of Mars,280ellipticity of Jupiter's first satellite,292of Uranus,304discovery of inner Jovian satellite,293434red spot on Jupiter,296eclipse of Japetus,300attendants on comet of 1882363on Brooks's comet,366367Swift's comet,368photographic discovery of a comet,369observations of Nova Aurigæ,398399Hind's variable nebula,403exterior Pleiades nebulosities,411galactic stars,423photographs of Milky Way,424425cluster variables,433horizontal telescope,438

Bartlett, photograph of a partial eclipse,166

Basic lines,206207

Baxendell, meteors of 1866331

Becker, drawings of solar spectrum,211

Beckett, Sir E. (Lord Grimthorpe), value of solar parallax,232

Beer and Mädler, surveys of lunar surface,265267;studies of Mars,275

Bélopolsky, coronal photographs,185;theory of corona,191rotation of Venus,252of Jupiter,297spectroscopic determinations of Saturn's rings,300spectrum of γ Cassiopeiæ,378system of Castor,389391detection of variable stars as spectroscopic binaries,391

Berberich, mass of asteroids,287;orbit of Holmes's comet,337

Berkowski, daguerrotype of eclipsed sun,166

Bessel, biographical sketch,28-30;reduction of Bradley's observations,32parallax of 61 Cygni,36disturbed motion of Sirius and Procyon,41trans-Uranian planet,79Halley's comet,102theory of instrumental errors,122personal equation,123rotation of Mercury,246lunar atmosphere,263cometary emanations,325345multiple tails,347comet of 1807352

Betelgeux, remoteness,37,417;spectrum,373381383384radial movement,387

Bianchini, rotation of Venus,250

Biela, discovery of a comet,95

Bigelow, magnetic and solar disturbances,161;theory of corona,191

Bigourdan, eclipse of 1893187;velocity of comet of 1882364

Bird's quadrants,4,112121

Birmingham, colours of stars, 375note;discovery of T Coronæ,393

Birt, rotation of a sun-spot,144;Selenographical Society,266

Bischoffsheim, Coudé telescope,436

Black Ligament,235

Bode, popular writings,5;solar constitution,57missing planet,72,73

Bode's Law,71,83,286

Boeddicker, heat-phases during lunar eclipses,269270;drawings of Jupiter,296of the Milky Way,424

Boehm, solar observations,146148

Boguslawski, centre of sidereal revolutions,41;observation of Halley's comet,102

Bolometer, principle of construction,222

Bond, G. P., his father's successor,86;light of Jupiter,289Saturn's rings,298Donati's comet,324325Andromeda nebula,409double-star photography,409

Bond, W. C., observation of Neptune's satellite,84;discovery of Hyperion,85of Saturn's dusky ring,86resolution of nebulæ,119celestial photography,153409satellite-transit on Jupiter,291

Borda, repeating circle,121

Boss, solar translation,40;observations on comets,352356

Bossert, proper motions of stars,415

Bouguer, solar atmospheric absorption,221

Boulliaud, period of Mira,10

Bouvard, tables of Uranus,78;Encke's comet,90

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