Danby, Thomas Osborne, Earl of, as Sir T. Osborne, becomes Lord Treasurer,607;policy of,610;fails to pass a Non-resistance Bill,611;promotes the marriage of William of Orange,613;impeachment of,616;imprisonment of,617;liberated,626;rises in support of William,645;recommends that the crown be given to Mary,646Darnley, Henry Stuart, Lord, marries Mary,438;murder of,439Darvel Gathern, burning of the wooden figure of,398Davison sends the warrant for Mary's execution,457;dismissal of,458Declaration of Breda,seeBreda, Declaration ofDeclaration of Indulgence issued by Charles II.,604;withdrawn by Charles II.,606;issued by James II.,640;reissued,642Declaration of Rights, the,647Declaration of Sports, the, ordered to be read in churches,517Defender of the Faith, title of,379Desmond, Gerald Fitzgerald, Earl of, insurrection and death of,453Devolution, the war of,593Devonshire, insurrection in,415Devonshire, William Cavendish, Earl of, rises in support of William of Orange,645Digby, John, Lord, his mission to Germany,497Dispensing power, the, claimed by Charles II.,604;acknowledged by the judges,639Dissenters, the, origin of their name,585;Charles II. issues a declaration for the toleration of,587;Conventicle Act against,588;Five-mile Act against,590;favour of Charles II. to,599;reception of the Declaration of Indulgence by,640Dissenting Brethren, the five,543Divine Right of Kings, doctrine of the,619Douai, College at,453Dover, treaty of,600Drake, Francis, lands at Nombre de Dios,448;vows to sail on the Pacific,449;his voyage round the world,450;(Sir Francis) singes the king of Spain's beard,458;has a command against the Armada,460;pursues the Armada,462;sacks Corunna, and fails before Lisbon,464;death of,ib.Dramatic writers of the Restoration,598Dreux, battle of,436Drogheda, slaughter at,562Drumclog, skirmish at,620Dublin, attempt to seize,533Dudley,seeEmpson and DudleyDudley, Lord Guilford, marries Lady Jane Grey,420;executed,423Dunbar, battle of,563Dunes, the, battle of,573Dunkirk, Cromwell wishes Spain to place in his hands,571;taken from Spain by Cromwell's troops,573;abandoned by Charles II.,587Dunkirk House,587Dunse Law, Scottish army on,526Dunstable, marriage of Catharine of Aragon annulled at,389Durham, temporary suppression of the see of,418;celebration of the mass in the cathedral of,441Dutch Republic, the, foundation of,449;abolition of the Stadholderate in,565;war between the English Commonwealth and,ib.;peace with,569;first war between Charles II. and,589;military weakness of,591;treaty of Breda with,593;takes part in the Triple Alliance,599;combination of England and France against,600;towns to be taken from,ib.;the second war between Charles II. and,605;resists Louis XIV.,ib.;animosity of Shaftesbury against,606;peace made by England with,608;makes peace with France at Nymwegen,614Eastern Association, the, formation of,539;Cromwell's activity in,540;Manchester in command of the army of,542Ecclesiastical Commission, the, established by James II.,639;abolition of,644Ecclesiastical Courts, the, attacks on,385Edgehill, battle of,537Edinburgh, burnt by Hertford,409;riot in St. Giles's in,525;Montrose executed at,563;surrenders to Cromwell,ib.Edinburgh, treaty of,433Edward VI., birth of,397;accession of,412;precocity of,419;death of,420Ejectors, Commission of,569Eleven Members, the, excluded from the House of Commons,555Eliot, Sir John, attacks Buckingham,504;compares Buckingham to Sejanus,505;his policy compared with that of Wentworth,508;vindicates the privileges of the House,512;imprisonment and death of,514Elizabeth, daughter of James I., intention of the Gunpowder plotters to crown,483;married to the Elector Palatine,488Elizabeth, Queen, birth of,392;her succession acknowledged,411;sent to the Tower and afterwards removed to Woodstock and Hatfield,423;accession of,428;character and policy of,ib.;modification of the title of,429;plays off France and Spain against one another,431;hesitates to assist the Scotch Protestants,432;assists the Lords of the Congregation,433;her ill-treatment of Catherine Grey,435;contrasted with Mary, Queen of Scots,ib.;hopes to recover Calais by assisting the Huguenots,436;appoints commissioners to examine the case against Mary,440;detains Mary a prisoner, and suppresses a rising in the North,441;excommunicated by Pius V.,ib.;negotiates a marriage with the Duke of Anjou,443;her attitude towards the Puritans and towards Parliament,444;the Ridolfi plot against,445;proposes to marry the Duke of Alençon,446;intervenes in Scotland on behalf of James VI.,450;refuses to restore Drake's plunder,451;her treatment of Ireland,452;kisses the Duke of Alençon,454;plot of Allen and Parsons to murder,ib.;Throgmorton's plot to murder,456;Babington's plot to murder,457;hesitates to allow the execution of the Queen of Scots,ib.;dismisses Davison,458;her triumph at the defeat of the Armada,462;allies herself with Henry IV.,464;shows favour to Essex,ib.;erects the Court of High Commission,470;sends Essex to Ireland,475;turns against Essex,476;withdraws monopolies,478;nature of the work of,479;death of,480Elizabethan architecture,465Empson and Dudley, execution of,363Engagement, the, between Charles I. and the Scottish Commissioners,556England, the Church of, relations of Henry VIII. with,377;dealings of Henry VIII. with,386;the clergy acknowledge the king supreme head of,386;becomes more national,391;Parliament acknowledges the king to be supreme head of,393;Cranmer's position in,413;ecclesiastical changes in,414;issue of the first Prayer Book of Edward VI. for,415;Zwinglian teaching in,416;issue of the second Prayer Book of Edward VI. for,418;reconciled to the see of Rome,424;Elizabeth's settlement of,429;position of, during Parker's archbishopric,430;Presbyterian movement in,446;Presbyterianism adopted by the Assembly of Divines for,543;restoration of episcopacy in,583;proposal to establish a modified episcopacy in,ib.;promise of James II. to protect,634Essex, Arthur Capel, Earl of, suicide of,625Essex, Frances, Countess of, divorce and remarriage of,486Essex, Robert Devereux, second Earl of, joins in the capture of Cadiz,464;sent to Ireland,475;placed in confinement on his return,476;insurrection of,477;trial and execution of,478Essex, Robert Devereux, third Earl of, divorce of,486;appointed general of the Parliamentary army,537;commands at Edgehill,ib.;takes Reading,538;relieves Gloucester and commands at the first battle of Newbury,539;escapes from Lostwithiel,544;resigns,545Exclusion Bill, the, brought in,617;rejected by the House of Lords,621;lost by dissolution,ib.Exeter, besieged by Fairfax,549Exeter, Henry Courtenay, Marquis of, executed,399Expenditure of the Crown, parliamentary inquiry into,593Fairfax, Ferdinando, second Lord, defeated at Adwalton Moor,538Fairfax, Thomas, third Lord Fairfax, as Sir Thomas Fairfax, is defeated at Adwalton Moor,538;wins a victory at Nantwich,542;appointed General of the New Model army,545;relieves Taunton,547;commands at Naseby,548;follows up his successes,548,549;reduces the king's army in Cornwall,550;proposed as commander of the forces retained after the disbandment of the army,553;as Lord Fairfax, puts down the rising in Kent and takes Colchester,557;absents himself from the High Court of Justice,559;refuses to command in the war against Charles II.,563;joins Monk,576Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, one of the leaders of the anti-Presbyterian party in the Long Parliament,533;death of,539Fawkes, Guy, takes part in the Gunpowder Plot,483Felton, John, affixes the Pope's excommunication to the door of the Bishop of London's house,442Felton, John, murders the Duke of Buckingham,510Ferdinand I., Emperor, inherits the German territories of Charles V.,426Ferdinand II., Emperor, loses and regains the crown of Bohemia,490Ferdinand V. of Aragon, Italian wars of,363;conquers Navarre,364;death of,366Feudal dues, bargain offered by James I. for,484;abolition of,582Field of the Cloth of Gold, the,369Fifth-Monarchy men,567;oppose Cromwell,569Fire of London, the,592Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, opposes the divorce of Henry VIII.,382;sent to the Tower,392;execution of,394Fitzmaurice, Sir James, lands in Ireland,452Five Articles of Perth, the,525Five Knights' case, the,507Five Members, the,535;brought back to Westminster,536Five Mile Act, the,590Flamsteed, astronomer,632Fleetwood named General by the army,575Flodden, battle of,364Forest, Friar, burnt,398Forests, the, fines for encroaching on,523;the king's claims on, limited,531Fotheringhay, execution of Mary Stuart at,458Fox, Richard, Bishop of Winchester, minister of Henry VII. and Henry VIII.,363France, reign of Louis XII. in,363;attack of Henry VIII. on,364;in alliance with England,366;invaded by Henry VIII.,371;peace with,374;Mary at war with,426;recovery of Calais by,427;civil wars in,436-443;Philip II. supports the League in,464;allied with James I.,501;Charles I. breaks with,506;Charles I. makes peace with,514;allied with Cromwell against Spain,572;Danby's policy directed against,610Francis I., king of France, his rivalry with Charles V.,366-369;meets Henry VIII. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold,369;goes to war with Charles V. about Milan,371;captured at Pavia,372;liberated,374Francis II., king of France, married as Dauphin to Mary Queen of Scots,413;accession and death of,433Frederick V., Elector Palatine, marries Elizabeth, daughter of James I.,488;elected King of Bohemia,490;driven out of Bohemia,ib.;diplomatic efforts of James I., in favour of,496;loses the Palatinate,497Frith burnt,390Frobisher holds a command against the Armada,460Furniture, improvement of, in Elizabethan houses,465Galway, County, Wentworth punishes the jury of,528Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, sent to Rome by Henry VIII., before he is a bishop,382;opposes farther innovations,411;excluded from the Council,412;sent to the Tower,414;deprived of his see,416;made Lord Chancellor by Mary,421Geneva, establishment of Calvin's system at,430Gentry, the country,633George of Denmark, Prince, deserts James II.,645Geraldine rebellion, the,402Gerard murders William of Orange,456Gerard and Vowel's plot,569Ghent, pacification of,450Glamorgan, Edward Herbert, Marquis of, his secret mission to Ireland,549Glasgow, the Assembly of,526Glastonbury, the Abbot of, executed,400Gloucester, raising of the siege of,539Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, murder of,615'Godly party,' the,544Gondomar, Count of, negotiates a Spanish alliance with James I.,488,490Goring, George Goring, Lord, defeated at Langport,548Graham of Claverhouse, John, attempts to suppress the Covenanters,620Grammar-schools, foundation of,419Grand Remonstrance, the,534Great Contract, the,484Great Council, the, meets at York,529Greenwood hanged,472Grey, Arthur Lord, slaughters foreign soldiers at Smerwick,453Grey, Lady Catherine, marriage and imprisonment of,435Grey, Lady Jane, is proclaimed Queen,420;executed,423Grey, Lord Leonard, becomes Lord Deputy of Ireland,402;conquers a great part of Ireland,404Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury, suspension of,450Grocyn encourages the study of Greek at Oxford,367Guiana, Raleigh's voyage to,489Guinegatte, battle of the Spurs at,364Guise, Henry, Duke of, heads the French Catholics,443;conspires to murder Elizabeth,454;heads the League,456;murdered,464Guise, Francis, Duke of, takes Calais,427;murder of,436Guisnes, taken by the French,427Gunpowder Plot, the,483Habeas Corpus Act,617Habeas corpus, writ of, dispute whether it ought to show the cause of imprisonment,507Hales, destruction of the phial at,398Hales, Sir Edward, holds an appointment by the dispensing power,639Halifax, George Savile, Earl, afterwards Marquis of, supports the Duke of York's succession,618;persuades the House of Lords to reject the Exclusion Bill,621;advises Charles II. to summon Parliament,626;dismissed by James II.,638Halley, astronomer,632Hamilton, James Hamilton, Duke of, as Marquis of Hamilton dissolves the Assembly of Glasgow,526;is defeated at Preston,557Hamilton family support Mary,440Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh assassinates the regent Murray,441Hampden resists ship-money,524;calms the House of Commons after the passing of the Grand Remonstrance,534;one of the five members,535;death of,538Hampton Court Conference, the,482Harlech Castle, surrender of,550Havre occupied and abandoned by Elizabeth,436Hazlerigg, Sir Arthur, one of the five members,535Heads of the Proposals, the,555Henrietta Maria, Queen, negotiations for the marriage of,500;marries Charles I.,502;a papal agent at the Court of,521;carries abroad the crown jewels,536;urges Charles not to abandon the militia,552Henry VIII., character of,361;marries Catharine of Aragon,363;foreign policy of,ib.;promotes Wolsey,ib.;favours More,368;meets Francis I. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold,369;has Buckingham executed,ib.;invades, France,371;his views on his relations with the Church,377;is named Defender of the Faith,379;thinks of obtaining a divorce,ib.;urges Clement VII. to divorce him,382;demands a sentence of nullity,383;makes a victim of Wolsey,ib.;gains the support of the House of Commons,385;consults the universities, and charges the clergy with being under apræmunire,ib.;obtains from Convocation the title of Supreme Head,386;has no tenderness towards heresy,383;obtains the Act of Annates,ib.;marries Anne Boleyn, and is divorced,389;attempts to suppress heresy, and obtains fresh powers from Parliament,390;sends More and Fisher to the Tower,392;Act of Supremacy in favour of,393;dissolves the smaller monasteries,394;marries Jane Seymour,395;issues the ten articles, and authorises the translation of the Bible,396;deals hardly with the Pilgrimage of Grace,397;begins the confiscation of the greater monasteries,ib.;attacks relics and images,398;presides at Lambert's trial,399;obtains from Parliament the six articles,399;marries and divorces Anne of Cleves,400-401;marries and beheads Catherine Howard,401;marries Catherine Parr,ib.;his government of Ireland,401-404;takes Boulogne,405;makes war with Scotland,406;debases the coinage,409;death of,411Henry II., king of France, allied with Scotland,413;his attitude towards Elizabeth,432;death of,433Henry III., King of France, proposes, as Duke of Anjou, to marry Elizabeth,443;accession of,450;murder of,464Henry IV., King of France, his succession to the French crown disputed,456;overpowers the League,464Henry, Prince of Wales, son of James I., intention of the Gunpowder plotters to blow up,483;death of,488Hereford, besieged by the Scots,549Heresy held to be punishable by the Common Law,419Hertford, Earl of,seeSomerset, Edward Seymour, Duke ofHigh Commission, the, Court of, erection of,470;its activity in the reign of Charles I.,520;abolition of,531High Court of Justice, the, proposal to constitute rejected by the Lords,557;constituted by the Commons,558Highland Host the,619Holland, province of, its influence in the Dutch Republic,489Holmby House, Charles I. at,553;Charles I., removed from,555Holmes, Admiral, attacks the Dutch fleet,605Hopton, Sir Ralph, commands the Royalists in Cornwall,537,538;fights on Lansdown,538;takes and loses Arundel Castle,542;is defeated at Cheriton,ib.Holles takes part in holding down the Speaker,514;one of the five members,535Holy League, the,363Hooker, hisEcclesiastical Polity,472Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, refuses to wear vestments,417;receives the bishopric of Worcester,418;speaks of his dioceses as the king's,420;burnt,424Hotham, Sir John, shuts the gates of Hull against Charles I.,537Hough, chosen President of Magdalen College,641Houghton, prior of the Charterhouse, execution of,394Hounslow, James II. reviews regiments at,643Howard of Effingham, Charles Howard, Lord, commands the fleet against the Armada,460;takes part in the capture of Cadiz,464Howard of Escrick, Edward Howard, Lord, informs against the Whigs,625Hudibras,597Huguenots, the, supported by Elizabeth,436;Buckingham lends ships to fight against,504Hull, its gates shut against Charles I.,537;besieged by Newcastle,542Huntley, George Gordon, fourth Earl of, overpowered by Mary,437Humble Petition and Advice, the,573Hurst Castle, Charles I. imprisoned in,557Hyde, Anne, marries the Duke of York,608Images, destruction of,398Impeachment of Bacon,496;of Buckingham, Montague and Manwaring,511;of Strafford,530;of twelve bishops,535;of the five members,536;of Laud,546;of Danby,616;pardon not to be pleaded in bar of,617Impositions, the New, first levy of,484;question of the legality of,505;act preventing the king from levying,531Inclosures, More's attack on,368;Ket's rebellion directed against,416;cessation of complaints against,464Independents, the, originally known as Separatists,543;driven from the House, and reinstated by the army,555;are unpopular after the Restoration,584Infanta, the,seeMaria, the InfantaInstrument of Government, the,568Inverlochy, battle of,547Ipswich, Wolsey's college at, founded,377;sold by Henry VIII.,383Ireland, under Henry VIII.,401;legislation of Henry VIII. in,402;destruction of relics and images in,ib.;conquest of a great part of,404;Henry VIII. named king of,ib.;under Edward VI. and Mary,451;introduction of English colonists into,452;landing of Sir James Fitzmaurice in,ib.;the slaughter at Smerwick, and the Desmond rising in,453;O'Neill's rising in,475;Essex's invasion of,ib.;Mountjoy's conquest of,478;plantation of Ulster in,484;Wentworth's government of,527,528;army collected by Strafford in,529;insurrection in,533;massacre in,534;the confederate Catholics in,541;Glamorgan's mission to,549;Rinuccini in,550;soldiers asked to volunteer for,553;Cromwell in,562;Ireton and Ludlow in,567;act of settlement in,595;James II. supported by the Celtic population of,640Ireton draws upThe Heads of the Proposals,555;in Ireland,563Italy, the French wars in,363;the French driven from,364
Danby, Thomas Osborne, Earl of, as Sir T. Osborne, becomes Lord Treasurer,607;policy of,610;fails to pass a Non-resistance Bill,611;promotes the marriage of William of Orange,613;impeachment of,616;imprisonment of,617;liberated,626;rises in support of William,645;recommends that the crown be given to Mary,646Darnley, Henry Stuart, Lord, marries Mary,438;murder of,439Darvel Gathern, burning of the wooden figure of,398Davison sends the warrant for Mary's execution,457;dismissal of,458Declaration of Breda,seeBreda, Declaration ofDeclaration of Indulgence issued by Charles II.,604;withdrawn by Charles II.,606;issued by James II.,640;reissued,642Declaration of Rights, the,647Declaration of Sports, the, ordered to be read in churches,517Defender of the Faith, title of,379Desmond, Gerald Fitzgerald, Earl of, insurrection and death of,453Devolution, the war of,593Devonshire, insurrection in,415Devonshire, William Cavendish, Earl of, rises in support of William of Orange,645Digby, John, Lord, his mission to Germany,497Dispensing power, the, claimed by Charles II.,604;acknowledged by the judges,639Dissenters, the, origin of their name,585;Charles II. issues a declaration for the toleration of,587;Conventicle Act against,588;Five-mile Act against,590;favour of Charles II. to,599;reception of the Declaration of Indulgence by,640Dissenting Brethren, the five,543Divine Right of Kings, doctrine of the,619Douai, College at,453Dover, treaty of,600Drake, Francis, lands at Nombre de Dios,448;vows to sail on the Pacific,449;his voyage round the world,450;(Sir Francis) singes the king of Spain's beard,458;has a command against the Armada,460;pursues the Armada,462;sacks Corunna, and fails before Lisbon,464;death of,ib.Dramatic writers of the Restoration,598Dreux, battle of,436Drogheda, slaughter at,562Drumclog, skirmish at,620Dublin, attempt to seize,533Dudley,seeEmpson and DudleyDudley, Lord Guilford, marries Lady Jane Grey,420;executed,423Dunbar, battle of,563Dunes, the, battle of,573Dunkirk, Cromwell wishes Spain to place in his hands,571;taken from Spain by Cromwell's troops,573;abandoned by Charles II.,587Dunkirk House,587Dunse Law, Scottish army on,526Dunstable, marriage of Catharine of Aragon annulled at,389Durham, temporary suppression of the see of,418;celebration of the mass in the cathedral of,441Dutch Republic, the, foundation of,449;abolition of the Stadholderate in,565;war between the English Commonwealth and,ib.;peace with,569;first war between Charles II. and,589;military weakness of,591;treaty of Breda with,593;takes part in the Triple Alliance,599;combination of England and France against,600;towns to be taken from,ib.;the second war between Charles II. and,605;resists Louis XIV.,ib.;animosity of Shaftesbury against,606;peace made by England with,608;makes peace with France at Nymwegen,614
Eastern Association, the, formation of,539;Cromwell's activity in,540;Manchester in command of the army of,542Ecclesiastical Commission, the, established by James II.,639;abolition of,644Ecclesiastical Courts, the, attacks on,385Edgehill, battle of,537Edinburgh, burnt by Hertford,409;riot in St. Giles's in,525;Montrose executed at,563;surrenders to Cromwell,ib.Edinburgh, treaty of,433Edward VI., birth of,397;accession of,412;precocity of,419;death of,420Ejectors, Commission of,569Eleven Members, the, excluded from the House of Commons,555Eliot, Sir John, attacks Buckingham,504;compares Buckingham to Sejanus,505;his policy compared with that of Wentworth,508;vindicates the privileges of the House,512;imprisonment and death of,514Elizabeth, daughter of James I., intention of the Gunpowder plotters to crown,483;married to the Elector Palatine,488Elizabeth, Queen, birth of,392;her succession acknowledged,411;sent to the Tower and afterwards removed to Woodstock and Hatfield,423;accession of,428;character and policy of,ib.;modification of the title of,429;plays off France and Spain against one another,431;hesitates to assist the Scotch Protestants,432;assists the Lords of the Congregation,433;her ill-treatment of Catherine Grey,435;contrasted with Mary, Queen of Scots,ib.;hopes to recover Calais by assisting the Huguenots,436;appoints commissioners to examine the case against Mary,440;detains Mary a prisoner, and suppresses a rising in the North,441;excommunicated by Pius V.,ib.;negotiates a marriage with the Duke of Anjou,443;her attitude towards the Puritans and towards Parliament,444;the Ridolfi plot against,445;proposes to marry the Duke of Alençon,446;intervenes in Scotland on behalf of James VI.,450;refuses to restore Drake's plunder,451;her treatment of Ireland,452;kisses the Duke of Alençon,454;plot of Allen and Parsons to murder,ib.;Throgmorton's plot to murder,456;Babington's plot to murder,457;hesitates to allow the execution of the Queen of Scots,ib.;dismisses Davison,458;her triumph at the defeat of the Armada,462;allies herself with Henry IV.,464;shows favour to Essex,ib.;erects the Court of High Commission,470;sends Essex to Ireland,475;turns against Essex,476;withdraws monopolies,478;nature of the work of,479;death of,480Elizabethan architecture,465Empson and Dudley, execution of,363Engagement, the, between Charles I. and the Scottish Commissioners,556England, the Church of, relations of Henry VIII. with,377;dealings of Henry VIII. with,386;the clergy acknowledge the king supreme head of,386;becomes more national,391;Parliament acknowledges the king to be supreme head of,393;Cranmer's position in,413;ecclesiastical changes in,414;issue of the first Prayer Book of Edward VI. for,415;Zwinglian teaching in,416;issue of the second Prayer Book of Edward VI. for,418;reconciled to the see of Rome,424;Elizabeth's settlement of,429;position of, during Parker's archbishopric,430;Presbyterian movement in,446;Presbyterianism adopted by the Assembly of Divines for,543;restoration of episcopacy in,583;proposal to establish a modified episcopacy in,ib.;promise of James II. to protect,634Essex, Arthur Capel, Earl of, suicide of,625Essex, Frances, Countess of, divorce and remarriage of,486Essex, Robert Devereux, second Earl of, joins in the capture of Cadiz,464;sent to Ireland,475;placed in confinement on his return,476;insurrection of,477;trial and execution of,478Essex, Robert Devereux, third Earl of, divorce of,486;appointed general of the Parliamentary army,537;commands at Edgehill,ib.;takes Reading,538;relieves Gloucester and commands at the first battle of Newbury,539;escapes from Lostwithiel,544;resigns,545Exclusion Bill, the, brought in,617;rejected by the House of Lords,621;lost by dissolution,ib.Exeter, besieged by Fairfax,549Exeter, Henry Courtenay, Marquis of, executed,399Expenditure of the Crown, parliamentary inquiry into,593
Fairfax, Ferdinando, second Lord, defeated at Adwalton Moor,538Fairfax, Thomas, third Lord Fairfax, as Sir Thomas Fairfax, is defeated at Adwalton Moor,538;wins a victory at Nantwich,542;appointed General of the New Model army,545;relieves Taunton,547;commands at Naseby,548;follows up his successes,548,549;reduces the king's army in Cornwall,550;proposed as commander of the forces retained after the disbandment of the army,553;as Lord Fairfax, puts down the rising in Kent and takes Colchester,557;absents himself from the High Court of Justice,559;refuses to command in the war against Charles II.,563;joins Monk,576Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, one of the leaders of the anti-Presbyterian party in the Long Parliament,533;death of,539Fawkes, Guy, takes part in the Gunpowder Plot,483Felton, John, affixes the Pope's excommunication to the door of the Bishop of London's house,442Felton, John, murders the Duke of Buckingham,510Ferdinand I., Emperor, inherits the German territories of Charles V.,426Ferdinand II., Emperor, loses and regains the crown of Bohemia,490Ferdinand V. of Aragon, Italian wars of,363;conquers Navarre,364;death of,366Feudal dues, bargain offered by James I. for,484;abolition of,582Field of the Cloth of Gold, the,369Fifth-Monarchy men,567;oppose Cromwell,569Fire of London, the,592Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, opposes the divorce of Henry VIII.,382;sent to the Tower,392;execution of,394Fitzmaurice, Sir James, lands in Ireland,452Five Articles of Perth, the,525Five Knights' case, the,507Five Members, the,535;brought back to Westminster,536Five Mile Act, the,590Flamsteed, astronomer,632Fleetwood named General by the army,575Flodden, battle of,364Forest, Friar, burnt,398Forests, the, fines for encroaching on,523;the king's claims on, limited,531Fotheringhay, execution of Mary Stuart at,458Fox, Richard, Bishop of Winchester, minister of Henry VII. and Henry VIII.,363France, reign of Louis XII. in,363;attack of Henry VIII. on,364;in alliance with England,366;invaded by Henry VIII.,371;peace with,374;Mary at war with,426;recovery of Calais by,427;civil wars in,436-443;Philip II. supports the League in,464;allied with James I.,501;Charles I. breaks with,506;Charles I. makes peace with,514;allied with Cromwell against Spain,572;Danby's policy directed against,610Francis I., king of France, his rivalry with Charles V.,366-369;meets Henry VIII. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold,369;goes to war with Charles V. about Milan,371;captured at Pavia,372;liberated,374Francis II., king of France, married as Dauphin to Mary Queen of Scots,413;accession and death of,433Frederick V., Elector Palatine, marries Elizabeth, daughter of James I.,488;elected King of Bohemia,490;driven out of Bohemia,ib.;diplomatic efforts of James I., in favour of,496;loses the Palatinate,497Frith burnt,390Frobisher holds a command against the Armada,460Furniture, improvement of, in Elizabethan houses,465
Galway, County, Wentworth punishes the jury of,528Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, sent to Rome by Henry VIII., before he is a bishop,382;opposes farther innovations,411;excluded from the Council,412;sent to the Tower,414;deprived of his see,416;made Lord Chancellor by Mary,421Geneva, establishment of Calvin's system at,430Gentry, the country,633George of Denmark, Prince, deserts James II.,645Geraldine rebellion, the,402Gerard murders William of Orange,456Gerard and Vowel's plot,569Ghent, pacification of,450Glamorgan, Edward Herbert, Marquis of, his secret mission to Ireland,549Glasgow, the Assembly of,526Glastonbury, the Abbot of, executed,400Gloucester, raising of the siege of,539Godfrey, Sir Edmund Berry, murder of,615'Godly party,' the,544Gondomar, Count of, negotiates a Spanish alliance with James I.,488,490Goring, George Goring, Lord, defeated at Langport,548Graham of Claverhouse, John, attempts to suppress the Covenanters,620Grammar-schools, foundation of,419Grand Remonstrance, the,534Great Contract, the,484Great Council, the, meets at York,529Greenwood hanged,472Grey, Arthur Lord, slaughters foreign soldiers at Smerwick,453Grey, Lady Catherine, marriage and imprisonment of,435Grey, Lady Jane, is proclaimed Queen,420;executed,423Grey, Lord Leonard, becomes Lord Deputy of Ireland,402;conquers a great part of Ireland,404Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury, suspension of,450Grocyn encourages the study of Greek at Oxford,367Guiana, Raleigh's voyage to,489Guinegatte, battle of the Spurs at,364Guise, Henry, Duke of, heads the French Catholics,443;conspires to murder Elizabeth,454;heads the League,456;murdered,464Guise, Francis, Duke of, takes Calais,427;murder of,436Guisnes, taken by the French,427Gunpowder Plot, the,483
Habeas Corpus Act,617Habeas corpus, writ of, dispute whether it ought to show the cause of imprisonment,507Hales, destruction of the phial at,398Hales, Sir Edward, holds an appointment by the dispensing power,639Halifax, George Savile, Earl, afterwards Marquis of, supports the Duke of York's succession,618;persuades the House of Lords to reject the Exclusion Bill,621;advises Charles II. to summon Parliament,626;dismissed by James II.,638Halley, astronomer,632Hamilton, James Hamilton, Duke of, as Marquis of Hamilton dissolves the Assembly of Glasgow,526;is defeated at Preston,557Hamilton family support Mary,440Hamilton of Bothwellhaugh assassinates the regent Murray,441Hampden resists ship-money,524;calms the House of Commons after the passing of the Grand Remonstrance,534;one of the five members,535;death of,538Hampton Court Conference, the,482Harlech Castle, surrender of,550Havre occupied and abandoned by Elizabeth,436Hazlerigg, Sir Arthur, one of the five members,535Heads of the Proposals, the,555Henrietta Maria, Queen, negotiations for the marriage of,500;marries Charles I.,502;a papal agent at the Court of,521;carries abroad the crown jewels,536;urges Charles not to abandon the militia,552Henry VIII., character of,361;marries Catharine of Aragon,363;foreign policy of,ib.;promotes Wolsey,ib.;favours More,368;meets Francis I. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold,369;has Buckingham executed,ib.;invades, France,371;his views on his relations with the Church,377;is named Defender of the Faith,379;thinks of obtaining a divorce,ib.;urges Clement VII. to divorce him,382;demands a sentence of nullity,383;makes a victim of Wolsey,ib.;gains the support of the House of Commons,385;consults the universities, and charges the clergy with being under apræmunire,ib.;obtains from Convocation the title of Supreme Head,386;has no tenderness towards heresy,383;obtains the Act of Annates,ib.;marries Anne Boleyn, and is divorced,389;attempts to suppress heresy, and obtains fresh powers from Parliament,390;sends More and Fisher to the Tower,392;Act of Supremacy in favour of,393;dissolves the smaller monasteries,394;marries Jane Seymour,395;issues the ten articles, and authorises the translation of the Bible,396;deals hardly with the Pilgrimage of Grace,397;begins the confiscation of the greater monasteries,ib.;attacks relics and images,398;presides at Lambert's trial,399;obtains from Parliament the six articles,399;marries and divorces Anne of Cleves,400-401;marries and beheads Catherine Howard,401;marries Catherine Parr,ib.;his government of Ireland,401-404;takes Boulogne,405;makes war with Scotland,406;debases the coinage,409;death of,411Henry II., king of France, allied with Scotland,413;his attitude towards Elizabeth,432;death of,433Henry III., King of France, proposes, as Duke of Anjou, to marry Elizabeth,443;accession of,450;murder of,464Henry IV., King of France, his succession to the French crown disputed,456;overpowers the League,464Henry, Prince of Wales, son of James I., intention of the Gunpowder plotters to blow up,483;death of,488Hereford, besieged by the Scots,549Heresy held to be punishable by the Common Law,419Hertford, Earl of,seeSomerset, Edward Seymour, Duke ofHigh Commission, the, Court of, erection of,470;its activity in the reign of Charles I.,520;abolition of,531High Court of Justice, the, proposal to constitute rejected by the Lords,557;constituted by the Commons,558Highland Host the,619Holland, province of, its influence in the Dutch Republic,489Holmby House, Charles I. at,553;Charles I., removed from,555Holmes, Admiral, attacks the Dutch fleet,605Hopton, Sir Ralph, commands the Royalists in Cornwall,537,538;fights on Lansdown,538;takes and loses Arundel Castle,542;is defeated at Cheriton,ib.Holles takes part in holding down the Speaker,514;one of the five members,535Holy League, the,363Hooker, hisEcclesiastical Polity,472Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, refuses to wear vestments,417;receives the bishopric of Worcester,418;speaks of his dioceses as the king's,420;burnt,424Hotham, Sir John, shuts the gates of Hull against Charles I.,537Hough, chosen President of Magdalen College,641Houghton, prior of the Charterhouse, execution of,394Hounslow, James II. reviews regiments at,643Howard of Effingham, Charles Howard, Lord, commands the fleet against the Armada,460;takes part in the capture of Cadiz,464Howard of Escrick, Edward Howard, Lord, informs against the Whigs,625Hudibras,597Huguenots, the, supported by Elizabeth,436;Buckingham lends ships to fight against,504Hull, its gates shut against Charles I.,537;besieged by Newcastle,542Huntley, George Gordon, fourth Earl of, overpowered by Mary,437Humble Petition and Advice, the,573Hurst Castle, Charles I. imprisoned in,557Hyde, Anne, marries the Duke of York,608
Images, destruction of,398Impeachment of Bacon,496;of Buckingham, Montague and Manwaring,511;of Strafford,530;of twelve bishops,535;of the five members,536;of Laud,546;of Danby,616;pardon not to be pleaded in bar of,617Impositions, the New, first levy of,484;question of the legality of,505;act preventing the king from levying,531Inclosures, More's attack on,368;Ket's rebellion directed against,416;cessation of complaints against,464Independents, the, originally known as Separatists,543;driven from the House, and reinstated by the army,555;are unpopular after the Restoration,584Infanta, the,seeMaria, the InfantaInstrument of Government, the,568Inverlochy, battle of,547Ipswich, Wolsey's college at, founded,377;sold by Henry VIII.,383Ireland, under Henry VIII.,401;legislation of Henry VIII. in,402;destruction of relics and images in,ib.;conquest of a great part of,404;Henry VIII. named king of,ib.;under Edward VI. and Mary,451;introduction of English colonists into,452;landing of Sir James Fitzmaurice in,ib.;the slaughter at Smerwick, and the Desmond rising in,453;O'Neill's rising in,475;Essex's invasion of,ib.;Mountjoy's conquest of,478;plantation of Ulster in,484;Wentworth's government of,527,528;army collected by Strafford in,529;insurrection in,533;massacre in,534;the confederate Catholics in,541;Glamorgan's mission to,549;Rinuccini in,550;soldiers asked to volunteer for,553;Cromwell in,562;Ireton and Ludlow in,567;act of settlement in,595;James II. supported by the Celtic population of,640Ireton draws upThe Heads of the Proposals,555;in Ireland,563Italy, the French wars in,363;the French driven from,364