forswāpan(§117),sweep
away; pret. 3d sing. indic.,forswēop.forswęrian(§116),forswear(with dat.); past part.,forsworen.forð,forth,forward.forðolian(§130),miss,go without(with dat.) [not totholeor
experience].forðweg, m.,way forth;in forðwege,away.fōt(§68, (1)), m.foot.Frǣna, m.,Frene.frætwe, f. pl.,fretted armor,jewels[fret].fram, seefrǫm.frēa, m.,lord,Lord.frēa-drihten, m.,lord,master.frēfran(§130),console,cheer[frōfor].fręmde,strange,foreign;ðā fręmdan,the strangers.fręmman(§125),accomplish,perform,support[to frame].fręmsumnes(-nis), f.,kindness,benefit.frēo(frīo),free; gen. pl.,frēora(frīora).frēodōm, m.,freedom.frēolīc,noble[free-like].frēomǣg, m.,free kinsman.frēond(§68, (3)), m.,friend.frēondlēas,friendless.frēondlīce,in a friendly manner.frēorig,cold,chill[frēoran].frīora, seefrēo.frið, m., n.,peace,security[bel-fry].frōd,old,sage,prudent.frōfor, f.,comfort,consolation,alleviation;fyrena frōfre137, 7=as an
alleviation of outrages(dat.).frǫm(fram) (§94, (1)),from,by.frǫm, adv.,away,forth.fruma, m.,origin,beginning[frǫm].frumsceaft, f.,creation.fugela, seefugol.fugelere, m.,fowler.fugol(fugel), m.,fowl,bird; gen. pl.,fugela.ful, n.,cup,beaker.fūl,foul.fūlian(§130),grow
foul,decompose.full(ful), adj.,full(with gen.);be fullan,fully,perfectly.full(ful) adv.,fully,very.fultum, m.,help.furðor(furður), adv.,further.furðum, adv.,even.fylð, seefeallan.fyren(firen), f.,crime,violence,outrage.fyrhtu, f.,fright,terror; dat. sing.,fyrhtu.fyrst, adj., superlative,first,chief.fȳsan(§126),make
ready,prepare[fūs=ready];gūðe gefȳsed137, 9=ready for
battle.G.gād, n.,lack.gǣst, seegāst.gafol, n.,tax,tribute.galan(§116),sing[nightingale].gālnes, f.,lust,impurity.gān(§134),go.gār, m.,spear[gore, gar-fish].gār-wiga, m.,spear-warrior.gāst(gǣst), m.,spirit,ghost.gāstlīc(gǣstlīc),ghastly,terrible.ge,and; seeǣgðer.gē,ye; seeðū.geador,together.geǣmetigian(§130),disengage from(with acc. of person and gen. of thing)
[empty].geærnan(§127),gain by
running[iernan].gēap,spacious.gēar, n.,year; gen. pl.,gēara, is used
adverbially =of yore,formerly.gēardæg, m.,day of yore.geare(gearo,gearwe),readily,well,clearly[yarely].Gēat, m.,a Geat,the Geat(i.e. Beowulf).Gēatas, m. pl.,the Geats(a people of South
Sweden).Gēat-mecgas, m. pl.,Geat men(= the fourteen who
accompanied Beowulf to Heorot).gebēorscipe, m.,banquet,entertainment.gebētan(§126),make
amends for[bōt].gebīdan(§102),wait,bide one’s time(intrans.);endure,experience(trans., with acc.).gebind, n.,commingling.gebindan(§110),bind.gebrēowan(§109),brew.gebrowen, seegebrēowan.gebūd,gebūn, seebūan(§126, Note 2).gebyrd, n.,rank,social distinction.gecēosan(§109),choose,decide.gecnāwan(§117),know,understand.gecoren, seegecēosan.gecringan(§110),fall,die[cringe].gedǣlan(§126),deal
out,give;dēaðe gedǣlde152, 7=apportioned
to death(dat.), or,tore(?)in death(instr.).gedafenian(§130),become,befit,suit(impersonal, usually with dat.,
but with acc.112, 10).gedīgan(§126),endure,survive.gedōn(§135),do,cause,effect.gedræg, n.,company.gedrēosan(§109),fall,fail.gedriht(gedryht), n.,band,troop.gedrogen, seedrēogan.gedrync, n.,drinking.geęndian(§130),end,finish.gefaran(§116),go,die.gefēa, m.,joy.gefeaht, seegefeohtan.gefeh, seegefēon.gefēng, seegefōn.gefeoht, n.,fight,battle.gefeohtan(§110),fight.gefēon(§118, v.),rejoice
at(with dat.); pret. 3d sing.,gefeah,gefeh.gefēra, m.,companion,comrade[co-farer].geflīeman(§126),put to
flight[flēon].gefohten, seegefeohtan.gefōn(§118, vii.),seize.gefōr, seegefaran.gefrǣge, n.,hearsay,report;mīne gefrǣge(instr.)141, 7=as
I have heard say,according to my information.gefręmman(§125),perform,accomplish,effect.gefultumian(§130),help[fultum].gefylce, n.,troop,division[folc]; dat.
pl.,gefylcum,gefylcium.gefyllan(§127),fill(with gen.); past part. pl., f.,gefylda.geglęngan(§127),adorn.gehātland, n.,promised land[gehātan=to
promise].gehealdan(§117),hold,maintain.gehīeran(gehȳran) (§126),hear.gehīersumnes, f.,obedience.gehola, m.,protector[helan].gehwā(§77, Note),each;on healfa gehwone142, 7(seeNote 140, 15. Observe that the pron. may, as
here, be masc. and the gen. fem.).gehwæðer(§77, Note),each,either,both.gehwylc(gehwilc) (§77,
Note),each(with gen. pl. SeeNote 140, 15).gehwyrfan(§127),convert,change.gehȳdan(§126),hide,conceal,consign.gehygd, f., n.,thought,purpose.gehȳran, seegehīeran.gehȳrnes, f.,hearing;eal ðā hē in gehȳrnesse geleornian meahte115, 14=all things that he could learn by
hearing.gelǣdan(§126),lead.gelǣred, part.-adj.,learned; superlative,gelǣredest.gelafian(§130),lave.gelęnge,along of,belonging to(with dat.).geleornian(-liornian) (§130),learn.gelīce,likewise;in like manner to(with
dat.).gelīefan(gelȳfan) (§126),believe;ðæt hēo on ǣnigne eorl gelȳfde137, 6=that she believed in any earl.gelimpan(§110),happen,be fulfilled.gelimplīc,proper,fitting.gelȳfan, seegelīefan.gelȳfed,weak,infirm[left (hand)].gēmde, seegīeman.gemet, n.,meter,measure,ability.gemētan(§126),meet.gemǫn, seegemunan.gemunan(§136),remember; indic. pres. 1st and 3d sing.,gemǫn; pret.
sing.,gemunde.gemynd, n.,memory,memorial;tō gemyndum147, 5=as a
memorial.gemyndgian(-mynian) (§130),remember;mid hine gemyndgade115, 15=he
treasured in his memory;gemyne mǣrðo138, 15=be mindful
of glory(imperative 2d sing.).gemyndig,mindful of(with gen.).genāp, seegenīpan.geneahhe,enough,often;genehost, superlative,very often.genip, n.,mist,darkness.genīpan(§102),grow
dark.genīwian(§130),renew.genōh,enough.genumen, seeniman.geoc, n.,yoke.gēocor,dire,sad.geogoð, f.,youth,young people,young
warriors. (Seeduguð.)geond(giond) (§94,
(2)),throughout[yond].geondhweorfan(§110),pass
over,traverse,recall;ðonne māga gemynd mōd geondhweorfeð150,
15=then his mind recalls the memory of kinsmen.geondscēawian(§130), survey,
review;georne geondscēawað150, 16=eagerly surveys them.geondðęnc(e)an(§128),think over,consider.geong(§96, (2)),young;giengest, (gingest), superlative,youngest,latest,last.geong=gǫng, seegǫngan(imperative 2d
sing.).gēong(gīong), seegǫngan(pret. 3d sing.).georn(giorn),eager,desirous,zealous,sure[yearn].georne,eagerly,certainly;wiste ðē geornor143, 5=knew the
more certainly.geornfulnes, f.,eagerness,zeal.geornlīce,eagerly,attentively.geornor, seegeorne.geręcednes, f.,narration[ręccan].gerisenlīc,suitable,becoming.gerȳman(§126),extend, (trans.) [rūm].gesǣliglīc,happy,blessed[silly].gesamnode, seegesǫmnian.gesceaft, f.,creature,creation,destiny[scieppan].gesceap, n.,shape,creation,destiny[scieppan].gescieldan(§127),shield,defend.gesealde, seegesęllan.geseglian(§130),sail.geselda, m.,comrade.gesęllan(§128),give.gesēon(gesīon) (§118),see,observe; pres. indic. 3d sing.,gesihð.geset, n.,habitation,seat.gesęttan(§127),set,place,establish.gesewen, seesēon,gesēon(past part.).gesewenlīc,seen,visible[seen-like].gesiglan(§127),sail.gesihð, seegesēon.gesittan(§115, Note 2),sit(trans., asto sit a horse,to sit a boat,
etc.);sit,sit down(intrans.).geslægen, seeslēan(§118).gesǫmnian(§130),assemble,collect.gesǫmnung, f.,collection,assembly.gestāh, seegestīgan.gestaðelian(§130),establish,restore[standan].gesteal, n.,establishment,foundation[stall].gestīgan(§102),ascend,go[stile, stirrup, sty (= arisingon
the eye)].gestrangian(§130),strengthen.gestrēon, n.,property.gestrȳnan(§126),obtain,acquire[gestrēon].gesweorcan(§110),grow
dark,become sad;For ðon ic geðęncan ne mæg geond ðās woruld for hwan mōdsefa mīn ne
gesweorce151, 3-4=Therefore in
this world I may not understand wherefore my mind does not grow “black
as night.”(Brooke.)geswīcan(§102),cease,cease from(with gen.).getæl, n.,something told,narrative.getruma, m.,troop,division.geðanc, m., n.,thought.geðeah, seegeðicgan.geðęnc(e)an(§128),think,remember,understand,consider.geðēodan(§126),join.geðēode(-ðīode), n.,language,tribe.geðēodnis, f.,association;but in112, 2this word is used to render the
Lat.appetitus=desire.geðicg(e)an(§115, Note 2),take,receive; pret. indic. 3d sing.,geðeah.geðungen, part.-adj.,distinguished,excellent[ðēon,to thrive].geðyldig,patient[ðolian].geweald(gewald), n.,control,possession,power[wield].geweorc, n.,work,labor.geweorðian(§130),honor[to attributeworthto].gewīcian(§130),dwell.gewin(n), n.,strife,struggle.gewindan(§110),flee[wend].gewissian(§130),guide,direct.gewītan(§102),go,depart.geworht, seegewyrcan.gewrit, n.,writing,Scripture.gewunian(§130),be
accustomed,be wont.gewyrc(e)an(§128),work,create,make,produce.gid(d), n.,word,speech.giefan(§115),give.giefstōl, m.,gift-stool,throne.giefu(gifu), f.,gift.gielp(gilp), m., n.,boast[yelp].gīeman(gēman) (§126),endeavor,strive.gīet(gīt,gȳt),yet,still.gif(gyf),if[not related togive].gifeðe(gyfeðe),given,granted.gilp, seegielp.gilp-cwide, m.,boasting speech[yelp-speech].gingest, seegeong(adj.).giohðo(gehðu), f.,care,sorrow,grief.giū(iū),formerly,of old.glæd(glǣd),glad.glēaw,wise,prudent.glīwstæf, m.,glee,joy; instr. pl. (used
adverbially),glīwstafum150, 16=joyfully.God, m.,God.gōd(§96, (3)),good;mid his gōdum115, 12=with his
possessions(goods).godcund,divine[God].godcundlīce,divinely.gold, n.,gold.gold-ǣht, f.,gold treasure.gold-fāh,gold-adorned.gold-hroden, part.-adj.,gold-adorned.goldwine, m.,prince,giver of gold,lord[gold-friend].gomel(gomol),old,old man.gǫngan(gangan) (§117),go[gang]; imperative 2d sing.,geong;
pret. sing.,gēong,gīong,gēng; past part.,gegǫngen,gegangen.The most commonly used pret. isēode, which belongs togān(§134).Gotland, n.,Jutland(inOhthere’s Second
Voyage),Gothland(inWulfstan’s Voyage).gram,grim,angry,fierce,the angry
one.grāp, f.,grasp,clutch,claw.grētan(§126),greet,attack,touch.grōwan(§117, (2)),grow.gryre-lēoð, n.,terrible song[grisly lay].guma, m.,man,hero[groom; see§65, Note 1].gūð, f.,war,battle.gūð-bill, n.,sword[war-bill].gūð-gewǣde, n.,armor[war-weeds].gūð-hrēð, f.,war-fame.gūð-wine, m.,sword[war-friend].gyddian(§130),speak
formally,chant[giddy; the original meaning ofgiddywasmirthful, as when one sings].gyf, seegif.gyfeðe, seegifeðe.gyldan(gieldan) (§110),pay; indic. 3d sing.,gylt.gylden,golden[gold].H.habban(§133),have.hād, m.,order,rank,office,degree[-hood, -head].hæfta, m.,captive.hægel(hagol), m.,hail; instr. sing.,hagle.hæglfaru, f.,hail-storm[hail-faring].hæle, seehæleð.hǣl, f.,hail,health,good luck.hæleð(hæle), m.,hero,warrior.hǣt, seehātan.hǣðen,heathen.Hǣðum(æt Hǣðum),Haddeby(=Schleswig).hāl,hale,whole.hālettan(§127),greet,salute[to hail].Halfdęne,Halfdane(proper name).hālga, m.,saint.Hālgoland,Halgoland(in ancient Norway).hālig,holy.hālignes, f.,holiness.hām, m.,home; dat. sing.,hāme,hām(p.
104, Note);used adverbially inhām ēode112, 18=went home.hand, seehǫnd.hār,hoary,gray.hāt,hot.hātan(§117, Note 2),call,name,command; pret. sing.,heht,hēt.hātheort,hot-hearted.hātte, seehātan.hē,hēo,hit(§53),he,she,it.hēafod, n.,head.hēah(§96, (2)),high;
acc. sing, m.,hēanne.hēah-sęle, m.,high hall.hēahðungen,highly prosperous,aristocratic[hēah+ past part. ofðēon(§118)].healdan(§117),hold,govern,possess;144, 9=hold up,sustain.healf, adj.,half.healf, f.,half,side,shore.heall, f.,hall.heals, m.,neck.hēan,abject,miserable.hēanne, seehēah.heard,hard.heard-hicgende,brave-minded[hard-thinking].hearm-scaða, m.,harmful foe[harm-scather].hearpe, f.,harp.heaðo-dēor,battle-brave.heaðo-mǣre,famous in battle.heaðo-wylm, m.,flame-surge,surging of fire[battle-welling].hēawan(§117),hew,cut.hębban,hōf,hōfon,gehafen(§117),heave,lift,raise.hęfig,heavy,oppressive.heht, seehātan.helan(§114),conceal.hęll, f.,hell.helm, m.,helmet.Helmingas, m. pl.,Helmings(Wealtheow, Hrothgar’s
queen, is a Helming).help, f.,help.helpan(§110),help(with dat.).heofon, m.,heaven.heofonlīc,heavenly.heofonrīce, n.,kingdom of heaven.hēold, seehealdan.heolstor(-ster), n.,darkness,concealment,cover[holster].heora(hiera), seehē.heord, f.,care,guardianship[hoard].heoro-drēorig,bloody[sword-dreary].Heorot,Heorot,Hart(the famous hall which
Hrothgar built).heorte, f.,heart.hēr,here,hither;in theChroniclethe meaning frequently isat this date,in this year:99, 1.hęre, m.,Danish army.hęrenis, f.,praise.hęrgian(§130),raid,harry,ravage[hęre].hęrgung, f.,harrying,plundering.hęrian(hęrigean) (§125),praise.hērsumedon, seehīersumian.hēt, seehātan.hider(hieder),hither.hiera, seehē.hīeran(hȳran) (§126),hear,belong.hierde, m.,shepherd,instigator[keeper of aherd].hierdebōc, f.,pastoral treatise[shepherd-book, a translation of Lat.Cura Pastoralis].hīerra, seehēah.hīersumian(hȳr-,hēr-) (§130),obey(with dat.).hige(hyge), m.,mind,heart.hige-ðihtig,bold-hearted.hild, f.,battle.hilde-dēor,battle-brave.hilde-mecg, m.,warrior.hilde-sæd,battle-sated.hin-fūs,eager to be gone[hence-ready].hira, seehē.hlǣw(hlāw), m.,mound,burial mound[Ludlowand other place-names,lowmeaninghill].hlāford, m.,lord,master[loaf-ward?].hleahtor, m.,laughter.hlēo, m.,refuge,protector[lee].hlīfian(§130),rise,tower.hlyn, m.,din,noise.hlynsian(§130),resound.hof, n.,court,abode.hogode, seehycgan.holm, m.,sea,ocean.hǫnd(hand), f.,hand;on gehwæðre hǫnd,on both sides.hord, m., n.,hoard,treasure.hordcofa, m.,breast,heart[hoard-chamber]hors, n.,horse.horshwæl, m.,walrus.hrædwyrde,hasty of speech[hræd=quick].hrægel, n.,garment; dat. sing.,hrægle.hrān, m.,reindeer.hraðe,quickly,soon[rath-er].hrēo(hrēoh),rough,cruel,sad.hrēosan(§109),fall.hrēran(§126),stir.hreðer, m., n.,breast,purpose; dat. sing.,hreðre.hrīm, m.,rime,hoarfrost.hrīmceald,rime-cold.hring, m.,ring,ring-mail.hrīð, f. (?),snow-storm.hrōf, m.,roof.Hrones næss, literallyWhale’s Ness,whale’s
promontory;seenæss.hrūse, f.,earth[hrēosan: deposit].hryre, m.,fall,death[hrēosan].hrȳðer, n.,cattle[rinder-pest].hryðig,ruined(?),storm-beaten; nom. pl. m.,hryðge.hū,how.Humbre, f.,river Humber.hund,hundred.hunig, n.,honey.hunta, m.,hunter.huntoð(-tað), m.,hunting.hūru, adv.,about.hūs, n.,house.hwā,hwæt(§74),who?what?swā hwæt swā(§77, Note),whatsoever;indefinite,any one,anything;for hwan(instr.),wherefore.hwæl, m.,whale.hwælhunta, m.,whale-hunter.hwælhuntað, m.,whale-fishing.hwǣr,where?hwǣr ... swā,wheresoever;wel hwǣr,nearly everywhere.hwæthwugu,something.hwæðer,whether,which of two?hwæðre,however,nevertheless.hwēne, seehwōn.hweorfan(§110),turn,go.hwider,whither.hwīl, f.,while,time;ealle ðā hwīle ðe,all the while that;hwīlum(instr. pl.),sometimes.hwilc(hwylc,hwelc) (§74, Note 1),which?what?hwōn, n.,a trifle;hwēne(instr. sing.),somewhat,a little.hwǫnan,when.hȳ, seehīe.hycgan(§132),think,resolve; pret. 3d sing.,hogode.hȳd, f.,hide,skin.hyge, seehige.hyra(hiera), seehē.hȳran, seehīeran.hyrde, seehierde.hys(his), seehē.hyt(hit), seehē.I.ic(§72),I.īdel,idle,useless,desolate.ides, f.,woman,lady.ieldra, adj., seeeald.ieldra, m.,an elder,parent,ancestor.iernan(yrnan) (§112),run.īglǫnd(īgland), n.,island.ilca(ylca),the same[of that ilk].Ilfing,the Elbing.in,in,into(with dat. and acc.);in on,in on,to,toward.inbryrdnis(-nes), f.,inspiration,ardor.indryhten,very noble.ingǫng, m.,entrance.innan, adv.,within,inside;on innan,within.innanbordes, adv.-gen.,within borders,at
home.inne, adv.,within,inside.intinga,m.,cause,sake.inweardlīce,inwardly,fervently.inwid-sorg(inwit-sorh), f.,sorrow caused by an
enemy.inwit-ðanc, m.,hostile intent.Īraland, n.,Ireland(but inOhthere’s Second
Voyage,Icelandis probably meant).īren, n.,iron,sword; gen. pl.,īrenna,īrena.īren-bęnd, m., f.,iron-band.īu, seegīu.K.kynerīce, seecynerīce.kyning, seecyning.kyrtel, m.,kirtle,coat.L.Lǣden,Latin.Lǣdengeðēode(-ðīode), n.,Latin language.Lǣdenware(§47), m. pl.,Latin people,Romans.lǣfan(§126),leave.lǣge, seelicgan.Lǣland, n.,Laaland(in Denmark).lǣn, n.,loan;tō lǣne121, 2=as a loan.lǣne, adj.,as a loan,transitory,perishable.lǣran(§126),teach,advise,exhort[lār].lǣssa,lǣsta, seelȳtel.lǣstan(§127),last,hold out(intrans.);perform,achieve(trans.).lǣtan(§117),let,leave.lāf, f.,something left,remnant,heirloom(often asword);tō lāfe,as a remnant,remaining.lagulād, f.,sea[lake-way,lād=leading,direction,way].land, seelǫnd.lang, seelǫng.Langaland, n.,Langeland(in Denmark).lār, f.,lore,teaching.lārcwide, m.,precept,instruction,
[cwide forswāpan(§117),sweep
away; pret. 3d sing. indic.,forswēop.forswęrian(§116),forswear(with dat.); past part.,forsworen.forð,forth,forward.forðolian(§130),miss,go without(with dat.) [not totholeor
experience].forðweg, m.,way forth;in forðwege,away.fōt(§68, (1)), m.foot.Frǣna, m.,Frene.frætwe, f. pl.,fretted armor,jewels[fret].fram, seefrǫm.frēa, m.,lord,Lord.frēa-drihten, m.,lord,master.frēfran(§130),console,cheer[frōfor].fręmde,strange,foreign;ðā fręmdan,the strangers.fręmman(§125),accomplish,perform,support[to frame].fręmsumnes(-nis), f.,kindness,benefit.frēo(frīo),free; gen. pl.,frēora(frīora).frēodōm, m.,freedom.frēolīc,noble[free-like].frēomǣg, m.,free kinsman.frēond(§68, (3)), m.,friend.frēondlēas,friendless.frēondlīce,in a friendly manner.frēorig,cold,chill[frēoran].frīora, seefrēo.frið, m., n.,peace,security[bel-fry].frōd,old,sage,prudent.frōfor, f.,comfort,consolation,alleviation;fyrena frōfre137, 7=as an
alleviation of outrages(dat.).frǫm(fram) (§94, (1)),from,by.frǫm, adv.,away,forth.fruma, m.,origin,beginning[frǫm].frumsceaft, f.,creation.fugela, seefugol.fugelere, m.,fowler.fugol(fugel), m.,fowl,bird; gen. pl.,fugela.ful, n.,cup,beaker.fūl,foul.fūlian(§130),grow
foul,decompose.full(ful), adj.,full(with gen.);be fullan,fully,perfectly.full(ful) adv.,fully,very.fultum, m.,help.furðor(furður), adv.,further.furðum, adv.,even.fylð, seefeallan.fyren(firen), f.,crime,violence,outrage.fyrhtu, f.,fright,terror; dat. sing.,fyrhtu.fyrst, adj., superlative,first,chief.fȳsan(§126),make
ready,prepare[fūs=ready];gūðe gefȳsed137, 9=ready for
battle.G.gād, n.,lack.gǣst, seegāst.gafol, n.,tax,tribute.galan(§116),sing[nightingale].gālnes, f.,lust,impurity.gān(§134),go.gār, m.,spear[gore, gar-fish].gār-wiga, m.,spear-warrior.gāst(gǣst), m.,spirit,ghost.gāstlīc(gǣstlīc),ghastly,terrible.ge,and; seeǣgðer.gē,ye; seeðū.geador,together.geǣmetigian(§130),disengage from(with acc. of person and gen. of thing)
[empty].geærnan(§127),gain by
running[iernan].gēap,spacious.gēar, n.,year; gen. pl.,gēara, is used
adverbially =of yore,formerly.gēardæg, m.,day of yore.geare(gearo,gearwe),readily,well,clearly[yarely].Gēat, m.,a Geat,the Geat(i.e. Beowulf).Gēatas, m. pl.,the Geats(a people of South
Sweden).Gēat-mecgas, m. pl.,Geat men(= the fourteen who
accompanied Beowulf to Heorot).gebēorscipe, m.,banquet,entertainment.gebētan(§126),make
amends for[bōt].gebīdan(§102),wait,bide one’s time(intrans.);endure,experience(trans., with acc.).gebind, n.,commingling.gebindan(§110),bind.gebrēowan(§109),brew.gebrowen, seegebrēowan.gebūd,gebūn, seebūan(§126, Note 2).gebyrd, n.,rank,social distinction.gecēosan(§109),choose,decide.gecnāwan(§117),know,understand.gecoren, seegecēosan.gecringan(§110),fall,die[cringe].gedǣlan(§126),deal
out,give;dēaðe gedǣlde152, 7=apportioned
to death(dat.), or,tore(?)in death(instr.).gedafenian(§130),become,befit,suit(impersonal, usually with dat.,
but with acc.112, 10).gedīgan(§126),endure,survive.gedōn(§135),do,cause,effect.gedræg, n.,company.gedrēosan(§109),fall,fail.gedriht(gedryht), n.,band,troop.gedrogen, seedrēogan.gedrync, n.,drinking.geęndian(§130),end,finish.gefaran(§116),go,die.gefēa, m.,joy.gefeaht, seegefeohtan.gefeh, seegefēon.gefēng, seegefōn.gefeoht, n.,fight,battle.gefeohtan(§110),fight.gefēon(§118, v.),rejoice
at(with dat.); pret. 3d sing.,gefeah,gefeh.gefēra, m.,companion,comrade[co-farer].geflīeman(§126),put to
flight[flēon].gefohten, seegefeohtan.gefōn(§118, vii.),seize.gefōr, seegefaran.gefrǣge, n.,hearsay,report;mīne gefrǣge(instr.)141, 7=as
I have heard say,according to my information.gefręmman(§125),perform,accomplish,effect.gefultumian(§130),help[fultum].gefylce, n.,troop,division[folc]; dat.
pl.,gefylcum,gefylcium.gefyllan(§127),fill(with gen.); past part. pl., f.,gefylda.geglęngan(§127),adorn.gehātland, n.,promised land[gehātan=to
promise].gehealdan(§117),hold,maintain.gehīeran(gehȳran) (§126),hear.gehīersumnes, f.,obedience.gehola, m.,protector[helan].gehwā(§77, Note),each;on healfa gehwone142, 7(seeNote 140, 15. Observe that the pron. may, as
here, be masc. and the gen. fem.).gehwæðer(§77, Note),each,either,both.gehwylc(gehwilc) (§77,
Note),each(with gen. pl. SeeNote 140, 15).gehwyrfan(§127),convert,change.gehȳdan(§126),hide,conceal,consign.gehygd, f., n.,thought,purpose.gehȳran, seegehīeran.gehȳrnes, f.,hearing;eal ðā hē in gehȳrnesse geleornian meahte115, 14=all things that he could learn by
hearing.gelǣdan(§126),lead.gelǣred, part.-adj.,learned; superlative,gelǣredest.gelafian(§130),lave.gelęnge,along of,belonging to(with dat.).geleornian(-liornian) (§130),learn.gelīce,likewise;in like manner to(with
dat.).gelīefan(gelȳfan) (§126),believe;ðæt hēo on ǣnigne eorl gelȳfde137, 6=that she believed in any earl.gelimpan(§110),happen,be fulfilled.gelimplīc,proper,fitting.gelȳfan, seegelīefan.gelȳfed,weak,infirm[left (hand)].gēmde, seegīeman.gemet, n.,meter,measure,ability.gemētan(§126),meet.gemǫn, seegemunan.gemunan(§136),remember; indic. pres. 1st and 3d sing.,gemǫn; pret.
sing.,gemunde.gemynd, n.,memory,memorial;tō gemyndum147, 5=as a
memorial.gemyndgian(-mynian) (§130),remember;mid hine gemyndgade115, 15=he
treasured in his memory;gemyne mǣrðo138, 15=be mindful
of glory(imperative 2d sing.).gemyndig,mindful of(with gen.).genāp, seegenīpan.geneahhe,enough,often;genehost, superlative,very often.genip, n.,mist,darkness.genīpan(§102),grow
dark.genīwian(§130),renew.genōh,enough.genumen, seeniman.geoc, n.,yoke.gēocor,dire,sad.geogoð, f.,youth,young people,young
warriors. (Seeduguð.)geond(giond) (§94,
(2)),throughout[yond].geondhweorfan(§110),pass
over,traverse,recall;ðonne māga gemynd mōd geondhweorfeð150,
15=then his mind recalls the memory of kinsmen.geondscēawian(§130), survey,
review;georne geondscēawað150, 16=eagerly surveys them.geondðęnc(e)an(§128),think over,consider.geong(§96, (2)),young;giengest, (gingest), superlative,youngest,latest,last.geong=gǫng, seegǫngan(imperative 2d
sing.).gēong(gīong), seegǫngan(pret. 3d sing.).georn(giorn),eager,desirous,zealous,sure[yearn].georne,eagerly,certainly;wiste ðē geornor143, 5=knew the
more certainly.geornfulnes, f.,eagerness,zeal.geornlīce,eagerly,attentively.geornor, seegeorne.geręcednes, f.,narration[ręccan].gerisenlīc,suitable,becoming.gerȳman(§126),extend, (trans.) [rūm].gesǣliglīc,happy,blessed[silly].gesamnode, seegesǫmnian.gesceaft, f.,creature,creation,destiny[scieppan].gesceap, n.,shape,creation,destiny[scieppan].gescieldan(§127),shield,defend.gesealde, seegesęllan.geseglian(§130),sail.geselda, m.,comrade.gesęllan(§128),give.gesēon(gesīon) (§118),see,observe; pres. indic. 3d sing.,gesihð.geset, n.,habitation,seat.gesęttan(§127),set,place,establish.gesewen, seesēon,gesēon(past part.).gesewenlīc,seen,visible[seen-like].gesiglan(§127),sail.gesihð, seegesēon.gesittan(§115, Note 2),sit(trans., asto sit a horse,to sit a boat,
etc.);sit,sit down(intrans.).geslægen, seeslēan(§118).gesǫmnian(§130),assemble,collect.gesǫmnung, f.,collection,assembly.gestāh, seegestīgan.gestaðelian(§130),establish,restore[standan].gesteal, n.,establishment,foundation[stall].gestīgan(§102),ascend,go[stile, stirrup, sty (= arisingon
the eye)].gestrangian(§130),strengthen.gestrēon, n.,property.gestrȳnan(§126),obtain,acquire[gestrēon].gesweorcan(§110),grow
dark,become sad;For ðon ic geðęncan ne mæg geond ðās woruld for hwan mōdsefa mīn ne
gesweorce151, 3-4=Therefore in
this world I may not understand wherefore my mind does not grow “black
as night.”(Brooke.)geswīcan(§102),cease,cease from(with gen.).getæl, n.,something told,narrative.getruma, m.,troop,division.geðanc, m., n.,thought.geðeah, seegeðicgan.geðęnc(e)an(§128),think,remember,understand,consider.geðēodan(§126),join.geðēode(-ðīode), n.,language,tribe.geðēodnis, f.,association;but in112, 2this word is used to render the
Lat.appetitus=desire.geðicg(e)an(§115, Note 2),take,receive; pret. indic. 3d sing.,geðeah.geðungen, part.-adj.,distinguished,excellent[ðēon,to thrive].geðyldig,patient[ðolian].geweald(gewald), n.,control,possession,power[wield].geweorc, n.,work,labor.geweorðian(§130),honor[to attributeworthto].gewīcian(§130),dwell.gewin(n), n.,strife,struggle.gewindan(§110),flee[wend].gewissian(§130),guide,direct.gewītan(§102),go,depart.geworht, seegewyrcan.gewrit, n.,writing,Scripture.gewunian(§130),be
accustomed,be wont.gewyrc(e)an(§128),work,create,make,produce.gid(d), n.,word,speech.giefan(§115),give.giefstōl, m.,gift-stool,throne.giefu(gifu), f.,gift.gielp(gilp), m., n.,boast[yelp].gīeman(gēman) (§126),endeavor,strive.gīet(gīt,gȳt),yet,still.gif(gyf),if[not related togive].gifeðe(gyfeðe),given,granted.gilp, seegielp.gilp-cwide, m.,boasting speech[yelp-speech].gingest, seegeong(adj.).giohðo(gehðu), f.,care,sorrow,grief.giū(iū),formerly,of old.glæd(glǣd),glad.glēaw,wise,prudent.glīwstæf, m.,glee,joy; instr. pl. (used
adverbially),glīwstafum150, 16=joyfully.God, m.,God.gōd(§96, (3)),good;mid his gōdum115, 12=with his
possessions(goods).godcund,divine[God].godcundlīce,divinely.gold, n.,gold.gold-ǣht, f.,gold treasure.gold-fāh,gold-adorned.gold-hroden, part.-adj.,gold-adorned.goldwine, m.,prince,giver of gold,lord[gold-friend].gomel(gomol),old,old man.gǫngan(gangan) (§117),go[gang]; imperative 2d sing.,geong;
pret. sing.,gēong,gīong,gēng; past part.,gegǫngen,gegangen.The most commonly used pret. isēode, which belongs togān(§134).Gotland, n.,Jutland(inOhthere’s Second
Voyage),Gothland(inWulfstan’s Voyage).gram,grim,angry,fierce,the angry
one.grāp, f.,grasp,clutch,claw.grētan(§126),greet,attack,touch.grōwan(§117, (2)),grow.gryre-lēoð, n.,terrible song[grisly lay].guma, m.,man,hero[groom; see§65, Note 1].gūð, f.,war,battle.gūð-bill, n.,sword[war-bill].gūð-gewǣde, n.,armor[war-weeds].gūð-hrēð, f.,war-fame.gūð-wine, m.,sword[war-friend].gyddian(§130),speak
formally,chant[giddy; the original meaning ofgiddywasmirthful, as when one sings].gyf, seegif.gyfeðe, seegifeðe.gyldan(gieldan) (§110),pay; indic. 3d sing.,gylt.gylden,golden[gold].H.habban(§133),have.hād, m.,order,rank,office,degree[-hood, -head].hæfta, m.,captive.hægel(hagol), m.,hail; instr. sing.,hagle.hæglfaru, f.,hail-storm[hail-faring].hæle, seehæleð.hǣl, f.,hail,health,good luck.hæleð(hæle), m.,hero,warrior.hǣt, seehātan.hǣðen,heathen.Hǣðum(æt Hǣðum),Haddeby(=Schleswig).hāl,hale,whole.hālettan(§127),greet,salute[to hail].Halfdęne,Halfdane(proper name).hālga, m.,saint.Hālgoland,Halgoland(in ancient Norway).hālig,holy.hālignes, f.,holiness.hām, m.,home; dat. sing.,hāme,hām(p.
104, Note);used adverbially inhām ēode112, 18=went home.hand, seehǫnd.hār,hoary,gray.hāt,hot.hātan(§117, Note 2),call,name,command; pret. sing.,heht,hēt.hātheort,hot-hearted.hātte, seehātan.hē,hēo,hit(§53),he,she,it.hēafod, n.,head.hēah(§96, (2)),high;
acc. sing, m.,hēanne.hēah-sęle, m.,high hall.hēahðungen,highly prosperous,aristocratic[hēah+ past part. ofðēon(§118)].healdan(§117),hold,govern,possess;144, 9=hold up,sustain.healf, adj.,half.healf, f.,half,side,shore.heall, f.,hall.heals, m.,neck.hēan,abject,miserable.hēanne, seehēah.heard,hard.heard-hicgende,brave-minded[hard-thinking].hearm-scaða, m.,harmful foe[harm-scather].hearpe, f.,harp.heaðo-dēor,battle-brave.heaðo-mǣre,famous in battle.heaðo-wylm, m.,flame-surge,surging of fire[battle-welling].hēawan(§117),hew,cut.hębban,hōf,hōfon,gehafen(§117),heave,lift,raise.hęfig,heavy,oppressive.heht, seehātan.helan(§114),conceal.hęll, f.,hell.helm, m.,helmet.Helmingas, m. pl.,Helmings(Wealtheow, Hrothgar’s
queen, is a Helming).help, f.,help.helpan(§110),help(with dat.).heofon, m.,heaven.heofonlīc,heavenly.heofonrīce, n.,kingdom of heaven.hēold, seehealdan.heolstor(-ster), n.,darkness,concealment,cover[holster].heora(hiera), seehē.heord, f.,care,guardianship[hoard].heoro-drēorig,bloody[sword-dreary].Heorot,Heorot,Hart(the famous hall which
Hrothgar built).heorte, f.,heart.hēr,here,hither;in theChroniclethe meaning frequently isat this date,in this year:99, 1.hęre, m.,Danish army.hęrenis, f.,praise.hęrgian(§130),raid,harry,ravage[hęre].hęrgung, f.,harrying,plundering.hęrian(hęrigean) (§125),praise.hērsumedon, seehīersumian.hēt, seehātan.hider(hieder),hither.hiera, seehē.hīeran(hȳran) (§126),hear,belong.hierde, m.,shepherd,instigator[keeper of aherd].hierdebōc, f.,pastoral treatise[shepherd-book, a translation of Lat.Cura Pastoralis].hīerra, seehēah.hīersumian(hȳr-,hēr-) (§130),obey(with dat.).hige(hyge), m.,mind,heart.hige-ðihtig,bold-hearted.hild, f.,battle.hilde-dēor,battle-brave.hilde-mecg, m.,warrior.hilde-sæd,battle-sated.hin-fūs,eager to be gone[hence-ready].hira, seehē.hlǣw(hlāw), m.,mound,burial mound[Ludlowand other place-names,lowmeaninghill].hlāford, m.,lord,master[loaf-ward?].hleahtor, m.,laughter.hlēo, m.,refuge,protector[lee].hlīfian(§130),rise,tower.hlyn, m.,din,noise.hlynsian(§130),resound.hof, n.,court,abode.hogode, seehycgan.holm, m.,sea,ocean.hǫnd(hand), f.,hand;on gehwæðre hǫnd,on both sides.hord, m., n.,hoard,treasure.hordcofa, m.,breast,heart[hoard-chamber]hors, n.,horse.horshwæl, m.,walrus.hrædwyrde,hasty of speech[hræd=quick].hrægel, n.,garment; dat. sing.,hrægle.hrān, m.,reindeer.hraðe,quickly,soon[rath-er].hrēo(hrēoh),rough,cruel,sad.hrēosan(§109),fall.hrēran(§126),stir.hreðer, m., n.,breast,purpose; dat. sing.,hreðre.hrīm, m.,rime,hoarfrost.hrīmceald,rime-cold.hring, m.,ring,ring-mail.hrīð, f. (?),snow-storm.hrōf, m.,roof.Hrones næss, literallyWhale’s Ness,whale’s
promontory;seenæss.hrūse, f.,earth[hrēosan: deposit].hryre, m.,fall,death[hrēosan].hrȳðer, n.,cattle[rinder-pest].hryðig,ruined(?),storm-beaten; nom. pl. m.,hryðge.hū,how.Humbre, f.,river Humber.hund,hundred.hunig, n.,honey.hunta, m.,hunter.huntoð(-tað), m.,hunting.hūru, adv.,about.hūs, n.,house.hwā,hwæt(§74),who?what?swā hwæt swā(§77, Note),whatsoever;indefinite,any one,anything;for hwan(instr.),wherefore.hwæl, m.,whale.hwælhunta, m.,whale-hunter.hwælhuntað, m.,whale-fishing.hwǣr,where?hwǣr ... swā,wheresoever;wel hwǣr,nearly everywhere.hwæthwugu,something.hwæðer,whether,which of two?hwæðre,however,nevertheless.hwēne, seehwōn.hweorfan(§110),turn,go.hwider,whither.hwīl, f.,while,time;ealle ðā hwīle ðe,all the while that;hwīlum(instr. pl.),sometimes.hwilc(hwylc,hwelc) (§74, Note 1),which?what?hwōn, n.,a trifle;hwēne(instr. sing.),somewhat,a little.hwǫnan,when.hȳ, seehīe.hycgan(§132),think,resolve; pret. 3d sing.,hogode.hȳd, f.,hide,skin.hyge, seehige.hyra(hiera), seehē.hȳran, seehīeran.hyrde, seehierde.hys(his), seehē.hyt(hit), seehē.I.ic(§72),I.īdel,idle,useless,desolate.ides, f.,woman,lady.ieldra, adj., seeeald.ieldra, m.,an elder,parent,ancestor.iernan(yrnan) (§112),run.īglǫnd(īgland), n.,island.ilca(ylca),the same[of that ilk].Ilfing,the Elbing.in,in,into(with dat. and acc.);in on,in on,to,toward.inbryrdnis(-nes), f.,inspiration,ardor.indryhten,very noble.ingǫng, m.,entrance.innan, adv.,within,inside;on innan,within.innanbordes, adv.-gen.,within borders,at
home.inne, adv.,within,inside.intinga,m.,cause,sake.inweardlīce,inwardly,fervently.inwid-sorg(inwit-sorh), f.,sorrow caused by an
enemy.inwit-ðanc, m.,hostile intent.Īraland, n.,Ireland(but inOhthere’s Second
Voyage,Icelandis probably meant).īren, n.,iron,sword; gen. pl.,īrenna,īrena.īren-bęnd, m., f.,iron-band.īu, seegīu.K.kynerīce, seecynerīce.kyning, seecyning.kyrtel, m.,kirtle,coat.L.Lǣden,Latin.Lǣdengeðēode(-ðīode), n.,Latin language.Lǣdenware(§47), m. pl.,Latin people,Romans.lǣfan(§126),leave.lǣge, seelicgan.Lǣland, n.,Laaland(in Denmark).lǣn, n.,loan;tō lǣne121, 2=as a loan.lǣne, adj.,as a loan,transitory,perishable.lǣran(§126),teach,advise,exhort[lār].lǣssa,lǣsta, seelȳtel.lǣstan(§127),last,hold out(intrans.);perform,achieve(trans.).lǣtan(§117),let,leave.lāf, f.,something left,remnant,heirloom(often asword);tō lāfe,as a remnant,remaining.lagulād, f.,sea[lake-way,lād=leading,direction,way].land, seelǫnd.lang, seelǫng.Langaland, n.,Langeland(in Denmark).lār, f.,lore,teaching.lārcwide, m.,precept,instruction,
[cwide forswāpan(§117),sweep
away; pret. 3d sing. indic.,forswēop. forswęrian(§116),forswear(with dat.); past part.,forsworen. forð,forth,forward. forðolian(§130),miss,go without(with dat.) [not totholeor
experience]. forðweg, m.,way forth; in forðwege,away. fōt(§68, (1)), m.foot. Frǣna, m.,Frene. frætwe, f. pl.,fretted armor,jewels[fret]. fram, seefrǫm. frēa, m.,lord,Lord. frēa-drihten, m.,lord,master. frēfran(§130),console,cheer[frōfor]. fręmde,strange,foreign; ðā fręmdan,the strangers. fręmman(§125),accomplish,perform,support[to frame]. fręmsumnes(-nis), f.,kindness,benefit. frēo(frīo),free; gen. pl.,frēora(frīora). frēodōm, m.,freedom. frēolīc,noble[free-like]. frēomǣg, m.,free kinsman. frēond(§68, (3)), m.,friend. frēondlēas,friendless. frēondlīce,in a friendly manner. frēorig,cold,chill[frēoran]. frīora, seefrēo. frið, m., n.,peace,security[bel-fry]. frōd,old,sage,prudent. frōfor, f.,comfort,consolation,alleviation; fyrena frōfre137, 7=as an
alleviation of outrages(dat.). frǫm(fram) (§94, (1)),from,by. frǫm, adv.,away,forth. fruma, m.,origin,beginning[frǫm]. frumsceaft, f.,creation. fugela, seefugol. fugelere, m.,fowler. fugol(fugel), m.,fowl,bird; gen. pl.,fugela. ful, n.,cup,beaker. fūl,foul. fūlian(§130),grow
foul,decompose. full(ful), adj.,full(with gen.); be fullan,fully,perfectly. full(ful) adv.,fully,very. fultum, m.,help. furðor(furður), adv.,further. furðum, adv.,even. fylð, seefeallan. fyren(firen), f.,crime,violence,outrage. fyrhtu, f.,fright,terror; dat. sing.,fyrhtu. fyrst, adj., superlative,first,chief. fȳsan(§126),make
ready,prepare[fūs=ready]; gūðe gefȳsed137, 9=ready for
battle. gād, n.,lack. gǣst, seegāst. gafol, n.,tax,tribute. galan(§116),sing[nightingale]. gālnes, f.,lust,impurity. gān(§134),go. gār, m.,spear[gore, gar-fish]. gār-wiga, m.,spear-warrior. gāst(gǣst), m.,spirit,ghost. gāstlīc(gǣstlīc),ghastly,terrible. ge,and; seeǣgðer. gē,ye; seeðū. geador,together. geǣmetigian(§130),disengage from(with acc. of person and gen. of thing)
[empty]. geærnan(§127),gain by
running[iernan]. gēap,spacious. gēar, n.,year; gen. pl.,gēara, is used
adverbially =of yore,formerly. gēardæg, m.,day of yore. geare(gearo,gearwe),readily,well,clearly[yarely]. Gēat, m.,a Geat,the Geat(i.e. Beowulf). Gēatas, m. pl.,the Geats(a people of South
Sweden). Gēat-mecgas, m. pl.,Geat men(= the fourteen who
accompanied Beowulf to Heorot). gebēorscipe, m.,banquet,entertainment. gebētan(§126),make
amends for[bōt]. gebīdan(§102),wait,bide one’s time(intrans.);endure,experience(trans., with acc.). gebind, n.,commingling. gebindan(§110),bind. gebrēowan(§109),brew. gebrowen, seegebrēowan. gebūd,gebūn, seebūan(§126, Note 2). gebyrd, n.,rank,social distinction. gecēosan(§109),choose,decide. gecnāwan(§117),know,understand. gecoren, seegecēosan. gecringan(§110),fall,die[cringe]. gedǣlan(§126),deal
out,give; dēaðe gedǣlde152, 7=apportioned
to death(dat.), or,tore(?)in death(instr.). gedafenian(§130),become,befit,suit(impersonal, usually with dat.,
but with acc.112, 10). gedīgan(§126),endure,survive. gedōn(§135),do,cause,effect. gedræg, n.,company. gedrēosan(§109),fall,fail. gedriht(gedryht), n.,band,troop. gedrogen, seedrēogan. gedrync, n.,drinking. geęndian(§130),end,finish. gefaran(§116),go,die. gefēa, m.,joy. gefeaht, seegefeohtan. gefeh, seegefēon. gefēng, seegefōn. gefeoht, n.,fight,battle. gefeohtan(§110),fight. gefēon(§118, v.),rejoice
at(with dat.); pret. 3d sing.,gefeah,gefeh. gefēra, m.,companion,comrade[co-farer]. geflīeman(§126),put to
flight[flēon]. gefohten, seegefeohtan. gefōn(§118, vii.),seize. gefōr, seegefaran. gefrǣge, n.,hearsay,report; mīne gefrǣge(instr.)141, 7=as
I have heard say,according to my information. gefręmman(§125),perform,accomplish,effect. gefultumian(§130),help[fultum]. gefylce, n.,troop,division[folc]; dat.
pl.,gefylcum,gefylcium. gefyllan(§127),fill(with gen.); past part. pl., f.,gefylda. geglęngan(§127),adorn. gehātland, n.,promised land[gehātan=to
promise]. gehealdan(§117),hold,maintain. gehīeran(gehȳran) (§126),hear. gehīersumnes, f.,obedience. gehola, m.,protector[helan]. gehwā(§77, Note),each; on healfa gehwone142, 7(seeNote 140, 15. Observe that the pron. may, as
here, be masc. and the gen. fem.). gehwæðer(§77, Note),each,either,both. gehwylc(gehwilc) (§77,
Note),each(with gen. pl. SeeNote 140, 15). gehwyrfan(§127),convert,change. gehȳdan(§126),hide,conceal,consign. gehygd, f., n.,thought,purpose. gehȳran, seegehīeran. gehȳrnes, f.,hearing; eal ðā hē in gehȳrnesse geleornian meahte115, 14=all things that he could learn by
hearing. gelǣdan(§126),lead. gelǣred, part.-adj.,learned; superlative,gelǣredest. gelafian(§130),lave. gelęnge,along of,belonging to(with dat.). geleornian(-liornian) (§130),learn. gelīce,likewise;in like manner to(with
dat.). gelīefan(gelȳfan) (§126),believe; ðæt hēo on ǣnigne eorl gelȳfde137, 6=that she believed in any earl. gelimpan(§110),happen,be fulfilled. gelimplīc,proper,fitting. gelȳfan, seegelīefan. gelȳfed,weak,infirm[left (hand)]. gēmde, seegīeman. gemet, n.,meter,measure,ability. gemētan(§126),meet. gemǫn, seegemunan. gemunan(§136),remember; indic. pres. 1st and 3d sing.,gemǫn; pret.
sing.,gemunde. gemynd, n.,memory,memorial; tō gemyndum147, 5=as a
memorial. gemyndgian(-mynian) (§130),remember; mid hine gemyndgade115, 15=he
treasured in his memory; gemyne mǣrðo138, 15=be mindful
of glory(imperative 2d sing.). gemyndig,mindful of(with gen.). genāp, seegenīpan. geneahhe,enough,often; genehost, superlative,very often. genip, n.,mist,darkness. genīpan(§102),grow
dark. genīwian(§130),renew. genōh,enough. genumen, seeniman. geoc, n.,yoke. gēocor,dire,sad. geogoð, f.,youth,young people,young
warriors. (Seeduguð.) geond(giond) (§94,
(2)),throughout[yond]. geondhweorfan(§110),pass
over,traverse,recall; ðonne māga gemynd mōd geondhweorfeð150,
15=then his mind recalls the memory of kinsmen. geondscēawian(§130), survey,
review; georne geondscēawað150, 16=eagerly surveys them. geondðęnc(e)an(§128),think over,consider. geong(§96, (2)),young; giengest, (gingest), superlative,youngest,latest,last. geong=gǫng, seegǫngan(imperative 2d
sing.). gēong(gīong), seegǫngan(pret. 3d sing.). georn(giorn),eager,desirous,zealous,sure[yearn]. georne,eagerly,certainly; wiste ðē geornor143, 5=knew the
more certainly. geornfulnes, f.,eagerness,zeal. geornlīce,eagerly,attentively. geornor, seegeorne. geręcednes, f.,narration[ręccan]. gerisenlīc,suitable,becoming. gerȳman(§126),extend, (trans.) [rūm]. gesǣliglīc,happy,blessed[silly]. gesamnode, seegesǫmnian. gesceaft, f.,creature,creation,destiny[scieppan]. gesceap, n.,shape,creation,destiny[scieppan]. gescieldan(§127),shield,defend. gesealde, seegesęllan. geseglian(§130),sail. geselda, m.,comrade. gesęllan(§128),give. gesēon(gesīon) (§118),see,observe; pres. indic. 3d sing.,gesihð. geset, n.,habitation,seat. gesęttan(§127),set,place,establish. gesewen, seesēon,gesēon(past part.). gesewenlīc,seen,visible[seen-like]. gesiglan(§127),sail. gesihð, seegesēon. gesittan(§115, Note 2),sit(trans., asto sit a horse,to sit a boat,
etc.);sit,sit down(intrans.). geslægen, seeslēan(§118). gesǫmnian(§130),assemble,collect. gesǫmnung, f.,collection,assembly. gestāh, seegestīgan. gestaðelian(§130),establish,restore[standan]. gesteal, n.,establishment,foundation[stall]. gestīgan(§102),ascend,go[stile, stirrup, sty (= arisingon
the eye)]. gestrangian(§130),strengthen. gestrēon, n.,property. gestrȳnan(§126),obtain,acquire[gestrēon]. gesweorcan(§110),grow
dark,become sad; For ðon ic geðęncan ne mæg geond ðās woruld for hwan mōdsefa mīn ne
gesweorce151, 3-4=Therefore in
this world I may not understand wherefore my mind does not grow “black
as night.”(Brooke.) geswīcan(§102),cease,cease from(with gen.). getæl, n.,something told,narrative. getruma, m.,troop,division. geðanc, m., n.,thought. geðeah, seegeðicgan. geðęnc(e)an(§128),think,remember,understand,consider. geðēodan(§126),join. geðēode(-ðīode), n.,language,tribe. geðēodnis, f.,association; but in112, 2this word is used to render the
Lat.appetitus=desire. geðicg(e)an(§115, Note 2),take,receive; pret. indic. 3d sing.,geðeah. geðungen, part.-adj.,distinguished,excellent[ðēon,to thrive]. geðyldig,patient[ðolian]. geweald(gewald), n.,control,possession,power[wield]. geweorc, n.,work,labor. geweorðian(§130),honor[to attributeworthto]. gewīcian(§130),dwell. gewin(n), n.,strife,struggle. gewindan(§110),flee[wend]. gewissian(§130),guide,direct. gewītan(§102),go,depart. geworht, seegewyrcan. gewrit, n.,writing,Scripture. gewunian(§130),be
accustomed,be wont. gewyrc(e)an(§128),work,create,make,produce. gid(d), n.,word,speech. giefan(§115),give. giefstōl, m.,gift-stool,throne. giefu(gifu), f.,gift. gielp(gilp), m., n.,boast[yelp]. gīeman(gēman) (§126),endeavor,strive. gīet(gīt,gȳt),yet,still. gif(gyf),if[not related togive]. gifeðe(gyfeðe),given,granted. gilp, seegielp. gilp-cwide, m.,boasting speech[yelp-speech]. gingest, seegeong(adj.). giohðo(gehðu), f.,care,sorrow,grief. giū(iū),formerly,of old. glæd(glǣd),glad. glēaw,wise,prudent. glīwstæf, m.,glee,joy; instr. pl. (used
adverbially),glīwstafum150, 16=joyfully. God, m.,God. gōd(§96, (3)),good; mid his gōdum115, 12=with his
possessions(goods). godcund,divine[God]. godcundlīce,divinely. gold, n.,gold. gold-ǣht, f.,gold treasure. gold-fāh,gold-adorned. gold-hroden, part.-adj.,gold-adorned. goldwine, m.,prince,giver of gold,lord[gold-friend]. gomel(gomol),old,old man. gǫngan(gangan) (§117),go[gang]; imperative 2d sing.,geong;
pret. sing.,gēong,gīong,gēng; past part.,gegǫngen,gegangen. The most commonly used pret. isēode, which belongs togān(§134). Gotland, n.,Jutland(inOhthere’s Second
Voyage),Gothland(inWulfstan’s Voyage). gram,grim,angry,fierce,the angry
one. grāp, f.,grasp,clutch,claw. grētan(§126),greet,attack,touch. grōwan(§117, (2)),grow. gryre-lēoð, n.,terrible song[grisly lay]. guma, m.,man,hero[groom; see§65, Note 1]. gūð, f.,war,battle. gūð-bill, n.,sword[war-bill]. gūð-gewǣde, n.,armor[war-weeds]. gūð-hrēð, f.,war-fame. gūð-wine, m.,sword[war-friend]. gyddian(§130),speak
formally,chant[giddy; the original meaning ofgiddywasmirthful, as when one sings]. gyf, seegif. gyfeðe, seegifeðe. gyldan(gieldan) (§110),pay; indic. 3d sing.,gylt. gylden,golden[gold]. habban(§133),have. hād, m.,order,rank,office,degree[-hood, -head]. hæfta, m.,captive. hægel(hagol), m.,hail; instr. sing.,hagle. hæglfaru, f.,hail-storm[hail-faring]. hæle, seehæleð. hǣl, f.,hail,health,good luck. hæleð(hæle), m.,hero,warrior. hǣt, seehātan. hǣðen,heathen. Hǣðum(æt Hǣðum),Haddeby(=Schleswig). hāl,hale,whole. hālettan(§127),greet,salute[to hail]. Halfdęne,Halfdane(proper name). hālga, m.,saint. Hālgoland,Halgoland(in ancient Norway). hālig,holy. hālignes, f.,holiness. hām, m.,home; dat. sing.,hāme,hām(p.
104, Note); used adverbially inhām ēode112, 18=went home. hand, seehǫnd. hār,hoary,gray. hāt,hot. hātan(§117, Note 2),call,name,command; pret. sing.,heht,hēt. hātheort,hot-hearted. hātte, seehātan. hē,hēo,hit(§53),he,she,it. hēafod, n.,head. hēah(§96, (2)),high;
acc. sing, m.,hēanne. hēah-sęle, m.,high hall. hēahðungen,highly prosperous,aristocratic[hēah+ past part. ofðēon(§118)]. healdan(§117),hold,govern,possess; 144, 9=hold up,sustain. healf, adj.,half. healf, f.,half,side,shore. heall, f.,hall. heals, m.,neck. hēan,abject,miserable. hēanne, seehēah. heard,hard. heard-hicgende,brave-minded[hard-thinking]. hearm-scaða, m.,harmful foe[harm-scather]. hearpe, f.,harp. heaðo-dēor,battle-brave. heaðo-mǣre,famous in battle. heaðo-wylm, m.,flame-surge,surging of fire[battle-welling]. hēawan(§117),hew,cut. hębban,hōf,hōfon,gehafen(§117),heave,lift,raise. hęfig,heavy,oppressive. heht, seehātan. helan(§114),conceal. hęll, f.,hell. helm, m.,helmet. Helmingas, m. pl.,Helmings(Wealtheow, Hrothgar’s
queen, is a Helming). help, f.,help. helpan(§110),help(with dat.). heofon, m.,heaven. heofonlīc,heavenly. heofonrīce, n.,kingdom of heaven. hēold, seehealdan. heolstor(-ster), n.,darkness,concealment,cover[holster]. heora(hiera), seehē. heord, f.,care,guardianship[hoard]. heoro-drēorig,bloody[sword-dreary]. Heorot,Heorot,Hart(the famous hall which
Hrothgar built). heorte, f.,heart. hēr,here,hither; in theChroniclethe meaning frequently isat this date,in this year:99, 1. hęre, m.,Danish army. hęrenis, f.,praise. hęrgian(§130),raid,harry,ravage[hęre]. hęrgung, f.,harrying,plundering. hęrian(hęrigean) (§125),praise. hērsumedon, seehīersumian. hēt, seehātan. hider(hieder),hither. hiera, seehē. hīeran(hȳran) (§126),hear,belong. hierde, m.,shepherd,instigator[keeper of aherd]. hierdebōc, f.,pastoral treatise[shepherd-book, a translation of Lat.Cura Pastoralis]. hīerra, seehēah. hīersumian(hȳr-,hēr-) (§130),obey(with dat.). hige(hyge), m.,mind,heart. hige-ðihtig,bold-hearted. hild, f.,battle. hilde-dēor,battle-brave. hilde-mecg, m.,warrior. hilde-sæd,battle-sated. hin-fūs,eager to be gone[hence-ready]. hira, seehē. hlǣw(hlāw), m.,mound,burial mound[Ludlowand other place-names,lowmeaninghill]. hlāford, m.,lord,master[loaf-ward?]. hleahtor, m.,laughter. hlēo, m.,refuge,protector[lee]. hlīfian(§130),rise,tower. hlyn, m.,din,noise. hlynsian(§130),resound. hof, n.,court,abode. hogode, seehycgan. holm, m.,sea,ocean. hǫnd(hand), f.,hand; on gehwæðre hǫnd,on both sides. hord, m., n.,hoard,treasure. hordcofa, m.,breast,heart[hoard-chamber] hors, n.,horse. horshwæl, m.,walrus. hrædwyrde,hasty of speech[hræd=quick]. hrægel, n.,garment; dat. sing.,hrægle. hrān, m.,reindeer. hraðe,quickly,soon[rath-er]. hrēo(hrēoh),rough,cruel,sad. hrēosan(§109),fall. hrēran(§126),stir. hreðer, m., n.,breast,purpose; dat. sing.,hreðre. hrīm, m.,rime,hoarfrost. hrīmceald,rime-cold. hring, m.,ring,ring-mail. hrīð, f. (?),snow-storm. hrōf, m.,roof. Hrones næss, literallyWhale’s Ness,whale’s
promontory; seenæss. hrūse, f.,earth[hrēosan: deposit]. hryre, m.,fall,death[hrēosan]. hrȳðer, n.,cattle[rinder-pest]. hryðig,ruined(?),storm-beaten; nom. pl. m.,hryðge. hū,how. Humbre, f.,river Humber. hund,hundred. hunig, n.,honey. hunta, m.,hunter. huntoð(-tað), m.,hunting. hūru, adv.,about. hūs, n.,house. hwā,hwæt(§74),who?what?swā hwæt swā(§77, Note),whatsoever; indefinite,any one,anything; for hwan(instr.),wherefore. hwæl, m.,whale. hwælhunta, m.,whale-hunter. hwælhuntað, m.,whale-fishing. hwǣr,where?hwǣr ... swā,wheresoever; wel hwǣr,nearly everywhere. hwæthwugu,something. hwæðer,whether,which of two? hwæðre,however,nevertheless. hwēne, seehwōn. hweorfan(§110),turn,go. hwider,whither. hwīl, f.,while,time; ealle ðā hwīle ðe,all the while that; hwīlum(instr. pl.),sometimes. hwilc(hwylc,hwelc) (§74, Note 1),which?what? hwōn, n.,a trifle; hwēne(instr. sing.),somewhat,a little. hwǫnan,when. hȳ, seehīe. hycgan(§132),think,resolve; pret. 3d sing.,hogode. hȳd, f.,hide,skin. hyge, seehige. hyra(hiera), seehē. hȳran, seehīeran. hyrde, seehierde. hys(his), seehē. hyt(hit), seehē. ic(§72),I. īdel,idle,useless,desolate. ides, f.,woman,lady. ieldra, adj., seeeald. ieldra, m.,an elder,parent,ancestor. iernan(yrnan) (§112),run. īglǫnd(īgland), n.,island. ilca(ylca),the same[of that ilk]. Ilfing,the Elbing. in,in,into(with dat. and acc.); in on,in on,to,toward. inbryrdnis(-nes), f.,inspiration,ardor. indryhten,very noble. ingǫng, m.,entrance. innan, adv.,within,inside; on innan,within. innanbordes, adv.-gen.,within borders,at
home. inne, adv.,within,inside. intinga,m.,cause,sake. inweardlīce,inwardly,fervently. inwid-sorg(inwit-sorh), f.,sorrow caused by an
enemy. inwit-ðanc, m.,hostile intent. Īraland, n.,Ireland(but inOhthere’s Second
Voyage,Icelandis probably meant). īren, n.,iron,sword; gen. pl.,īrenna,īrena. īren-bęnd, m., f.,iron-band. īu, seegīu. kynerīce, seecynerīce. kyning, seecyning. kyrtel, m.,kirtle,coat. Lǣden,Latin. Lǣdengeðēode(-ðīode), n.,Latin language. Lǣdenware(§47), m. pl.,Latin people,Romans. lǣfan(§126),leave. lǣge, seelicgan. Lǣland, n.,Laaland(in Denmark). lǣn, n.,loan; tō lǣne121, 2=as a loan. lǣne, adj.,as a loan,transitory,perishable. lǣran(§126),teach,advise,exhort[lār]. lǣssa,lǣsta, seelȳtel. lǣstan(§127),last,hold out(intrans.);perform,achieve(trans.). lǣtan(§117),let,leave. lāf, f.,something left,remnant,heirloom(often asword); tō lāfe,as a remnant,remaining. lagulād, f.,sea[lake-way,lād=leading,direction,way]. land, seelǫnd. lang, seelǫng. Langaland, n.,Langeland(in Denmark). lār, f.,lore,teaching. lārcwide, m.,precept,instruction,
[cwide lārēow, m.,teacher[lār+ðēow]. lāst, m.,track,footprint[shoemaker’s
last]; on lāst(e),in the track of,behind(with
dat.). lāð,loathsome,hateful. lēas,loose,free from,bereft of(with
gen.). lēasung, f.,leasing,deception,falsehood. lęcgan(§125, Note),lay. lēfdon, seelīefan. leger, n.,lying in,illness[licgan]. lęng, seelǫnge. lęngra, seelǫng. lēod, m.,prince,chief. lēod, f.,people,nation(the plural has the
same meaning). lēod-scipe, m.,nation[people-ship]. lēof,dear[lief]. leoht, adj.,light. lēoht, n.,light,brightness. leornere, m.,learner,disciple. leornian(§130),learn. leornung(liornung), f.,learning. lēoð, n.,song[lay?]. lēoðcræft, m.,poetic skill[lay-craft]. lēoðsǫng, n.,song,poem. lēt, seelǣtan. libban(§133),live;
pres. part.,lifigende,living,alive. līc, n.,body,corpse[lich-gate,
Lichfield]. licgan(§115, Note 2),lie,extend,flow,lie dead; 3d sing. indic. pres.,ligeð,līð. līchama(-hǫma), m.,body[body-covering]. līcian(§130),please(with dat.) [like]. līc-sār, n.,body-sore,wound in the body. līefan(lēfan) (§126),permit,allow(with dat.) [grantleaveto]. līf, n.,life. līf-dagas, m. pl.,life-days. lifigende, seelibban. līg, m.,flame,fire. ligeð, seelicgan. lim, n.,limb. list, f.,cunning; dat. pl.,listum, is used
adverbially =cunningly. līð, seelicgan. lof, m.,praise,glory. lǫnd(land), n.,land,country. lǫng(lang) (§96, (2)),long. lǫnge(lange) (§97,
(2)),long; lǫnge on dæg,late in the day. lufan, seelufu. lufian(lufigean) (§131),love. luflīce,lovingly. lufu, f.,love; dat. sing. (weak),lufan. lungre,quickly. lust, m.,joy[lust]; on lust,joyfully. lȳt, indeclinable,little,few(with partitive
gen.). lȳtel(lītel) (§96,
(2)),little,small. mā, seemicle(§97,
(2)). mæg, seemagan. mǣg, m.,kinsman; nom. pl.,māgas(§27, (2)). mægenn.,strength,power[might andmain]. mægen-ęllen, n.,main strength,mighty
courage. mǣgð, f.,tribe. mægðhād, m.,maidenhood,virginity. mǣl-gesceaft, f.,appointed time[mǣl=meal,time]. mǣran(§126),make
famous,honor. mǣre,famous,glorious,notorious. mǣrðo(mǣrðo,mǣrð), f.,glory,fame. mæsseprēost, m.,mass-priest. mǣst, seemicel. magan(§137),be able,may. māgas, seemǣg. magu(mago), m.,son,man. maguðegn, m.,vassal,retainer. man(n), seemǫn(n). mancus, m.,mancus,half-crown; gen. pl.,mancessa. māndǣd, f.,evil deed. manig, seemǫnig. manigfeald, seemǫnigfeald.
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