GAD-FLY, instinct of,230Gander,seeGooseGaphaus, H. A., on cat opening thumb-latch,421Gardener, on intelligence of crab,233Garraway, Dr., on beetle concealing its store of food,229Gasteropoda, intelligence of,26-29Gasterosteus pungitius,243;G. spinachia,243Geer, M., on earwig incubating young,229Gelasimus,233Gentles, W. Laurie, on intelligence of a sheep-dog,448,449Geoffrey, on pilot fish,252Gibbons, their sympathy for suffering companions,472,473Gleditsch, on beetles undermining stick supporting a dead toad,228;on spiders weighting their webs,221Glutton,347-50Goat, intelligence of,337,338Goat-sucker, removing eggs,289;nidification of,292Goldfinch, trained,312Goldsmith on habits of rooks,322,323Goldsmith, Dr., on intelligence of otter,346Gollitz, Herr, on co-operation of beetles,227Goodbehere, S., on intelligence of a pony and ass,332,333;on cunning of sheep-killing dogs,450;on dog knowing value of different coins,452,453Goose, affection and sympathy of,272,273;removing eggs from rats,288;noting time,314;opening latch of gate,316Gosse, on commensalism of crab and anemone,234Gould, on bower-bird,279-81;on humming-birds,281;on talegallus,294,295Graber, Titus, on proportional size of ant's brain,141Grapsus stringosus,231Gray, Sir George, on nidification of talegallus,295Gredler, Vincent, on division of labour among leaf-cutting ants,99,100Green, on intelligence of pigs,339Green, Seth, on tactics displayed by hunting wasps,193Griffiths, on intelligence of elephant,388,389Grosbeak, nidification of,295,296Grouse, learning to avoid telegraph wires,312,313Groves, J. B., on cat trying to catch image behind mirror,416Guana,seeReptilesGuerinzius, on wasps recognising persons,188Guillemots, plundering of by gulls,283,284;mode of catching fish,285Gulls, plundering guillemots,283,284;mode of challenge,291;nidification,292Guring, Thomas, on intelligence of geese,314,315HAGEN, on termites,202Hague, on powers of communication in ants,54-7Hamilton, R., on fear exhibited by cattle in slaughterhouses,334Hancock, Dr., on fish quitting water,248;crows breaking shells by dropping them on stones,283Harding, S., on intelligence of a pig,340Hare,357-60Hartmann, Von, his definition of instinct,15;on fondness of spiders for music,206Harvesting-ants,96-110;mice,365,366Hawkshaw, J. Clarke, on limpet remembering locality,28-9Hayden, on monkey keeping door open with blanket,481Hayes, Dr., on intelligence of Eskimo dogs,462Helix pomatia, intelligence of,26,27Hemerobius chrysops,240Hen, maternal instinct of,272;removing eggs with neck,288;and young chicken on back,288,289Henderson, on navigating habits of Iceland mice,364,365Heron, variations in nest-building,299Hogg, on intelligence of his sheep-dog,448Holden, on starlings learning to avoid telegraph wires,312,313Hollmann, on intelligence ofoctopus,30Homarus marinus,233Hooker, Sir Joseph, on navigating habits of Iceland mice,364Hooper, W. F., on intelligence of a dog,463Horn, Mrs., on reasoning powers of a dog,462Hornet, carrying heavy prey up an elevation in order to fly away with it,196Horse, emotions of,328-30;memory,330;general intelligence,328,330-3Horse-fly, tamed,230,231Horsfall, on dog finding his way about by train,467,468Hoste, Sir W., on wounded monkey showing its blood to the sportsman,476Houzeau, on hen transporting young chicken on her back,288,289;parrots not being deceived by mirrors,310,311;birds dreaming,312;mules counting their journeys,332;monkeys destroying poison-fangs of snakes,483Hubbard, Mrs., on intelligence of a cat,414Huber, Bishop, on sympathy of elephant,389Huber, F. and P., on instinct,16.On ants:sense of smell in,33;recognising companions,41;powers of communication,49,50;observations on slave-making instinct,65;on warfare,76;play,87,88;harvesting,97;carrying one another,109;intelligence shown in architecture,128,129.On bees:sense of hearing in,144;duration of memory,155;powers of communication,156,159;manipulation and uses of propolis,161;battles of queen-bees,164,165;form of cells,173;building cells,177,178;barricading doors against moths,184;strengthening combs,185;biting holes in corollas,189;ventilating hives,191,192;effects of removing antennæ of bees,197Hudson, on habits ofMelothrus,309,310Hugen, on termites,198Humboldt, on instincts of young turtles,257Humming-birds, æsthetic instincts of,281Hutchings, J., on intelligence of a cat,417Hutchinson, on alleged tendency of scorpion to commit suicide,225Hutchinson, Col., on reasoning power of a dog,463,464Hutchinson, Dr. H. F., on wolf-spider stalking own image in mirror,213Hutchinson, S. J., on intelligence of polar bear,351,352Hutton, Mrs., on ants burying their dead,91,92Hydrargrza,248Hymenoptera,seeAntsandBeesIBEX, does assisting wounded buck to escape,334Idealism, cannot be refuted by argument,6Ideas,seeAssociationImitation, shown by talking birds, monkeys, and idiots,477,478Instinct, defined and distinguished from reason and reflex action,10-17;of medusæ,23;of worms,24;of mollusca,25;of ants with reference to colour,32,33;to smell,33-7;to sense of direction,37-9;to recognising friends,41-5;to swarming,57,58;to nursing,58;to education,59,60;to keeping aphides,60-4;to making slaves,64-8;to wars,68-83;to keeping pets,83,84;to sleep and cleanliness,84-7;to play and leisure,87-9;to treatment of dead,89-93;of leaf-cutting species,93-6;of harvesting species,97-110;of tree-inhabiting species,110,111;of honey-making species,111-14;of ecitons,114-22;of driver and marching species,121-2;of bees and wasps, with reference to colour,143-4;to sense of direction,144-51;to food-collecting and wax-making,160-2;to propagation,162-8;of queens,162-5;of killing drones,165-8;with reference to wars,169,170;to architecture,170-80;of sphex-wasp,180,181;of termites,198-203;of spiders,204-18;of scorpion,222-5;of beetles,226-9;of earwig,229,230;of flies,230,231;of crustacea,231,232;of larvæ,234-40;of fish,242-53;of batrachians,254;of reptiles,256-9;of birds, with reference to procuring food,283-7;to incubation,287-91;to nidification,291-301;of cuckoo,301-10;of marsupials,320;of whale,327;of ruminants,335;of swine,339;of bats,341;of seals,341-8;of wolverine,348-50;of rodents,353,354;of rabbit,354-7;of hare,354-9;of rats,360;of mice,364-5;of rat-hare,365,366;of beaver, mixed with intelligence,367;with reference to propagation and lodges,367-71;to procuring food,371-3;to dams,373-80;to canals,380-4;of cat,411-12;of dog,437,438;of monkey,471
GAD-FLY, instinct of,230
HAGEN, on termites,202
IBEX, does assisting wounded buck to escape,334