Licences to crenellate,90Lincoln Castle,65Lisle, Warine de,159Llandilo, Castle near,130Llawhaddon Castle,133Loch Doon Castle,176Loch Leven Castle,179Logan Stone,8Ludlow, family of,172Machicolation,104,116,158,165,167,181earliest example of,111Maiden Castle,14,16,22,32entrances of,17Malet, Robert de, Eye Castle,56Malvoisin,94Mam Tor, Derbyshire,27the shivering mountain,27Mangonel,104,196Manorbier Castle,9,133"March of the Men of Harlech,"120Marmion, Robert le, Tamworth Castle,56Maxstoke Castle,162Medieval walls, construction of,78Melandra, near Glossop,34Menhirs,8Merlons,117,124,165,168Meurtriers,78,116,142Mining, method of,198Missile engines of the ancients,190Mohun, William de, Dunster Castle,56Monk, General,187Montfort, Simon de,46,98Montgomery, family of,71Morgan, Colonel,142Mortaign, Robert, Count of, Berkhampstead Castle,56Earl of,46Motte and Bailey Castle,48advantages of,60bretasche of,50construction of,49flying bridge of,50positions of,58,59positions of mound of,54rapid erection of,60Scottish,175Mount and Fosse,5Mount (or Motte) and Bailey,5Mount, The, Caerleon,50Movable Tower,198Mowbray, de,94Narberth Castle,133Natural fortresses strengthened,5-6Neidpath Castle,178description of,182Newcastle-upon-Tyne Castle,Chapel of,85Forebuilding of,79Keep of,89Newquay,7Newton Castle, Montgomeryshire,53Nineveh marbles,41Norham Castle,105Norwich Castle,134Nottingham Castle,87Keep of,88Nottinghamshire, Castles in,56Odin's Hold, Berwickshire,175Odo, Bishop of Bayeux,46,97,143Oillets,78,124,166,200Old Castle Head,9Onager,86,196Ongar Castle, Essex,52,53Oppidumof Cassivelaunus,33Orford Castle, Suffolk,109Oubliettes,78Oxford Castle, Keep of,89Parapet, location of,4Peel Towers,180Pelham, Lady Jane,46Sir John,46Pembroke Castle,132,153Keep of,106Penhow Castle, Monmouthshire,93Penshurst Place, description of,169Percy, Earl,70Sir Henry de,69Sir Thomas,159Perrier,196Petardier,200Petrary,81,86,196Pevensey Castle,45,131inner Castle of,47Pharos at Dover,80Pickering Castle, Keep of,88"Pit," or Prison,178Pitt Rivers, General,25,29Plantagenet, Hamelin,109Plateau forts,6,11,13Pleshey Castle, Essex,52Pontefract Castle,109,154Lacy, Ilbert de,57Porchester Castle,37Portland,9Primitive weapons,1Projectiles, men as,195millstones as,195Promontory forts,6Protected village sites,6Pulteneye, Sir John de,169Quatford Castle,87Quia Emptores, Statute of,149Raglan Castle,141description of,163Keep of,164Ram,81,197Ravelin, or barbican,67Ravensburgh Castle, Hexton,25Rectangular Keep,76Chapel of,85Forebuilding of,78construction of,77Crypt of,85impregnability of,87internal arrangements of,83introduction of,76Ramparts of,84Reculvers, Isle of Thanet,36Redvers, Baldwin de,139Richard de,74Regalia Scottish,186Richard's Castle, Herefordshire,48,59Richborough Castle, Sandwich,36Richmond Castle, Barbican of,100Chapel of,99Crypt of,99description of,99Keep of,99Ring Hill, Essex,31Roche Castle,133Rochester Castle,134description of,96Keep of,89,97,98siege of,87,97Roman fortification,37Romano-British Period,33Roman wall, Tower of London,134Roxburgh Castle,183Royal Castles in Kent,96St. Burian,8St. David's Head,8St. John's Chapel, Tower of London,136St. Leger, Sir Anthony,144Sakers,152Saxon burh,38,39MSS.,41Period,38Say, de, family of,172Segontium(Carnarvon),36Serpentines,152Seymour, Charles, Duke of Somerset,70family of,159Scales, Lord,74Scarborough Castle, siege of,154Scorpion,196Scottish Castles, Periods of,176-181Second Period,177Third Period,179Fourth Period,180Shell Keep,64configuration of,66position of,65Shirburn Castle, description of,158Shoulsbury, Exmoor,22Siege and defence of a medieval castle,188Sigismund, Emperor,144Silchester,34,37Simple artificial enclosures,5,33Smith, Sir Richard,144"Snail,"197Solar,180Somerset, family of,164Sir Charles,142South Cadbury, Sherborne,15Sow,81,197Spurgardon,196Spurious castles,90Stafford, Edward,162family of,169Humphrey, Earl of,162Lord,198Stockades,18,19construction of,19,20,21Gallic,19on earthworks,18Stone Age,7,189circles,8Stokesay Castle, description of,171Stirling Castle,176,183description of,184Palace of,185Parliament Hall,184siege of,195Strongbow, Richard,142Sudley Castle,172Swegen the Sheriff,49Sydney, Sir Philip,169William,169Syracuse, attack on,190Syrens,152Tamworth Castle, Marmion, Robert le,57Tantallon Castle,179description of,186Keep of,186sieges of,187Tattershall Castle, crypt of,167description of,167Taunton burh,41Terebra,197Thetford Castle, Norfolk,52Thomas, Sir William ap,163Thurnham Castle, Kent,53Tickhill Castle,148Busli, Roger de,57Todenei, Robert, Belvoir Castle,57Tormentum,192Torsion and tension engines,193Torwoodlee Broch,175Totnes Castle,65Towcester,42Tower of London, St. John's Chapel,85,136description of,133Keep of,136Traitors' Gate,135Trebuchets,81,86,97,152,192,193,194,195,196,200projectiles of,194,195,196Treryn Castle,8Tretower Castle,133Trevalgue Head,7Tutbury Castle,148Ferrers, Henry de,57Tyler, Wat,98Uzziah,190Valence, Aymer de,181Vaulting Ribs,92Verdun, family of,172Vere, de, family of,84Verulamium, St. Albans,34Vescy, Ivo de,68Vitrified forts,173,174Waldegrave, Sir Edward,161Waldo, Sir T.,161Wales, Rhys of,131Wallace, Sir William,186Waller, Sir William,71,158Wallingford,39Castle,109Walls, medieval, construction of,78Warkworth Castle,109Warwick Castle,66,148,151"War-Wolf,"196Watling Street,35West Malling,134West Saxons, Harold, Earl of,49"Whelk,"197Whelpley Hill, Bucks,32Whitton Castle, Durham,172Winchester, Statute of,149Windsor Castle,53,65Barbican of,61description of,60Motte of,61St. George's Chapel,62Shell Keep of,62Wingfield Manor-House,168,172Wollaston Castle, Northants,52Wren, Sir Christopher,136Wressle Castle,159Wyatt, the architect,166Wyndham, Sir William,70Yarnbury, Wilts,32Yester, Hays of,182York Castle,65,109Keep of,88Zigzag moulding,83,84