Grape, grāp,v.i.a Scotch form ofgrope.
Grape, grāp,n.the fruit of the grape-vine, or of any of the many species of the genusVitis: a mangy tumour on the legs of horses: grapeshot.—n.Grape′-hy′acinth, a genus of bulbous-rooted plants, nearly allied to the hyacinths.—adj.Grape′less, without the flavour of the grape, said of wine.—ns.Grap′ery, a place where grapes are grown;Grape′shot, shot or small iron balls clustered or piled on circular plates round an iron pin, which scatter on being fired;Grape′-stone, the stone or seed of the grape;Grape′-su′gar, dextrose;Grape′-vine, the vine that bears grapes.—adj.Grap′y, made of or like grapes.—Sour grapes, things despised because they cannot be attained (from Æsop's fable of the fox and the grapes). [O. Fr.grappe, a cluster of grapes; from Old High Ger.chrapho, a hook. It properly meant a hook, then clustered fruit, hooked on, attached to, a stem (Brachet).]
Graph, graf,n.a representation by means of lines, exhibiting the nature of the law according to which some phenomena vary:-graphis used as a terminal in many Greek compounds to denote an agent which writes, &c., astelegraph,seismograph, or the thing written, as inautograph, &c.—adjs.Graph′ic,-al, pertaining to writing, describing, or delineating: picturesquely described: vivid.—adv.Graph′ically.—ns.Graph′icness;Graphiol′ogy, the science or art of writing or delineating, or a treatise thereon;Graph′is, a genus of lichens, remarkable for the resemblance which the fructification assumes to the forms of the letters of Oriental alphabets;Graph′īte, a mineral, commonly called blacklead or plumbago (though containing no lead), largely used in making pencils.—adj.Graphit′ic.—ns.Graph′ium, a stylus;Graphol′ogy, the science of estimating character, &c., from handwriting.—Graphic arts, painting, drawing, engraving, as opposed to music, sculpture, &c.;Graphic granite, a variety of granite with markings like Hebrew characters. [Gr.graphē, a writing—graphein, to write.]
Grapholite, graf′o-līt,n.a kind of slate for writing on.—n.Graphom′eter, an instrument used by surveyors for measuring angles.—adjs.Graphomet′ric,-al, pertaining to or determined by a graphometer.—ns.Graph′ophone, an instrument for recording sounds, based on the principle of the phonograph;Graph′otype, a process intended to supersede wood-engraving, but superseded by zincotype. [Gr.graphein, to write,lithos, a stone,metron, a measure,phonē, a sound,typos, an impression.]
Grapnel, grap′nel,n.a small anchor with several claws or arms: a grappling-iron. [Fr.grappin—grappe, a hook, with dim. suff.-el.]
Grapple, grap′l,v.t.to seize: to lay fast hold of.—v.i.to contend in close fight.—ns.Grapp′lement(Spens.), a grappling, close fight;Grapp′ling-ī′ron, a large grapnel for seizing hostile ships in naval engagements. [O. Fr.grappil—grappe, a hook.]
Graptolite, grap′to-līt,n.one of a group of fossil hydrozoa, having simple or branched polyparies, usually strengthened by a horny-like rod—the 'solid axis.' [Gr.graptos—graphein, to write,lithos, a stone.]
Grasp, grasp,v.t.to seize and hold by clasping with the fingers or arms: to catch at: to comprehend.—v.i.to endeavour to seize: to catch (withat).—n.gripe of the hand: reach of the arms: power of seizing: mental power of apprehension.—adj.Grasp′able.—n.Grasp′er.—p.adj.Grasp′ing, seizing: avaricious: encroaching.—adv.Grasp′ingly.—n.Grasp′ingness.—adj.Grasp′less, feeble, relaxed. [M. E.graspen—grapsen, as clasp—M. E.claspen; allied togrope,grapple.]
Grass, gras,n.common herbage: an order of plants (Gramineæ), the most important in the whole vegetable kingdom, with long, narrow leaves and tubular stem, including wheat, rye, oats, rice, millet, and all those which supply food for nearly all graminivorous animals: short for asparagus—sparrow-grass: time of grass, spring or summer: the surface of a mine.—v.t.to cover with grass: to feed with grass: to bring to the grass or ground, as a bird or a fish—(various perennial fodder grasses aretimothy,fox-tail,cock's-foot, and thefescue grasses,Italian rye-grass, &c.).—ns.Grass′-Cloth, a name applied to different kinds of coarse cloth, the fibre of which is rarely that of a grass, esp. to the Chinese summer-cloth made fromBœhmeria nivea, which is really a nettle;Grass′-cut′ter, one of the attendants on an Indian army, whose work is to provide provender for the baggage-cattle;Grass′er, an extra or temporary worker in a printing-office.—adjs.Grass′-green, green with grass: green as grass;Grass′-grown, grown over with grass.—ns.Grass′hopper, a saltatorial, orthopterous insect, nearly allied to locusts and crickets, keeping quiet during the day among vegetation, but noisy at night;Grass′iness;Grass′ing, the exposing of linen in fields to air and light for bleaching purposes;Grass′-land, permanent pasture;Grass′-oil, a name under which several volatile oils derived from widely different plants are grouped;Grass′-plot, a plot of grassy ground;Grass′-tree, a genus of Australian plants, with shrubby stems, tufts of long wiry foliage at the summit, and a tall flower-stalk, with a dense cylindrical spike of small flowers;Grass′-wid′ow, a wife temporarily separated from her husband, often also a divorced woman, or one deserted by her husband;Grass′-wrack, the eel-grass growing abundantly on the sea-coast.—adj.Grass′y, covered with or resembling grass, green.—Go to grass, to be turned out to pasture, esp. of a horse too old to work: to go into retirement, to rusticate: to fall violently (of a pugilist);Let the grass grow under one's feet, to loiter, linger.—Spanish grass(seeEsparto). [A.S.gærs,græs; Ice., Ger., Dut., and Goth.gras; prob. allied togreenandgrow.]
Grassum, gräs′um,n.(Scots law) a lump sum paid by persons who take a lease of landed property—in England, 'premium' and 'fine.'
Grate, grāt,n.a framework composed of bars with interstices, esp. one of iron bars for holding coals while burning.—adj.Grat′ed, having a grating.—ns.Graticulā′tion, the division of a design into squares for convenience in making an enlarged or diminished copy;Grat′ing, the bars of a grate: a partition or frame of bars. [Low L.grata, a grate—L.crates, a hurdle. SeeCrate.]
Grate, grāt,v.t.to rub hard or wear away with anything rough: to make a harsh sound: to irritate or offend.—n.Grat′er, an instrument with a rough surface for grating down a body.—adj.Grat′ing, rubbing hard on the feelings: harsh: irritating.—adv.Grat′ingly. [O. Fr.grater, through Low L., from Old High Ger.chrazōn(Ger.kratzen), to scratch, akin to Sw.kratta.]
Grateful, grāt′fōōl,adj.causing pleasure: acceptable: delightful: thankful: having a due sense of benefits.—adv.Grate′fully.—ns.Grate′fulness;Gratificā′tion, a pleasing or indulging: that which gratifies: delight;Grat′ifier.—v.t.Grat′ify, to do what is agreeable to: to please: to soothe; to indulge:—pa.p.grat′ified.—p.adj.Grat′ifying. [O. Fr.grat—L.gratus, pleasing, thankful, and suff.-ful.]
Gratillity, gra-til′i-ti,n.(Shak.) gratuity.
Gratis, grā′tis,adv.for nothing: without payment or recompense. [L., contr. ofgratiis, abl. pl. ofgratia, favour—gratus.]
Gratitude, grat′i-tūd,n.warm and friendly feeling towards a benefactor: thankfulness. [Fr.,—Low L.gratitudo—-L.gratus.]
Gratuity, gra-tū′i-ti,n.a present: an acknowledgment of service, generally pecuniary.—adj.Gratū′itous, done or given for nothing: voluntary: without reason, ground, or proof.—adv.Gratū′itously. [Fr.,—Low L.gratuitatem—L.gratus.]
Gratulatory, grat′ū-la-tor-i,adj.congratulatory.—adj.Grat′ulant, congratulatory.—v.t.Grat′ulāte, to congratulate.—n.Gratulā′tion, congratulation.
Gravamen, grav-ā′men,n.grievance: the substantial or chief ground of complaint or accusation: the name for the statement of abuses, grievances, &c. sent by the Lower to the Upper House of Convocation. [L.,—gravis, heavy.]
Grave, grāv,v.t.to carve or cut on a hard substance: to engrave.—v.i.to engrave:—pa.p.graved orgrāv′en.—n.a pit graved or dug out, esp. one in which to bury the dead: any place of burial: the abode of the dead: (fig.) death: destruction.—n.pl.Grave′-clothes, the clothes in which the dead are buried.—n.Grave′-dig′ger, one who digs graves.—adj.Grave′less(Shak.), without a grave, unburied.—ns.Grave′-mak′er(Shak.), a grave-digger;Grave′-stone, a stone laid over, or placed at the head of, a grave as a memorial;Grave′yard, a yard or enclosure used as a burial-ground.—With one foot in the grave, on the very borders of death. [A.S.grafan; Dut.graven, Ger.graben; Gr.graphein, to scratch, L.scribĕre, to write.]
Grave, grāv,v.t.to smear with graves or greaves, a mixture of tallow, rosin, &c. boiled together.—ns.pl.Graves,Greaves, tallow-drippings. [SeeGreaves.]
Grave, grāv,adj.of importance: serious: not gay or showy: sober: solemn; weighty: (mus.) not acute: low.—n.the grave accent, or its sign (`).—adv.Grave′ly.—n.Grave′ness. [Fr.,—L.gravis.]
Grave, grāv,n.a count, prefect, a person holding office, as in landgrave, margrave, burgrave, &c. [Dut.graaf, Ger.graf.]
Gravel, grav′el,n.small stones often intermixed with sand: small collections of gravelly matter in the kidneys or bladder.—v.t.to cover with gravel: to puzzle, perplex:—pr.p.grav′elling;pa.p.grav′elled.—adj.Grav′elly.—ns.Grav′el-pit, a pit from which gravel is dug;Grav′el-walk, a footpath covered with gravel. [O. Fr.gravele(Fr.gravier); prob. Celt., as in Bret.grouan, sand, W.gro, pebbles.]
Graven, grāv′n,pa.p.ofgrave, to carve, engrave.
Graveolent, grav′ē-o-lent,adj.giving forth an offensive smell.—n.Grav′eolence.
Graver, grāv′ėr,n.an engraver: a tool for engraving on hard substances, a burin.
Gravid, grav′id,adj.heavy, esp. as being with child: pregnant. [L.gravidus—gravis, heavy.]
Gravigrade, grav′i-grād,adj.walking heavily.—n.an animal like the megatherium, &c.
Graving, grāv′ing,n.an act of graving or cutting out on hard substances: that which is graved or cut out: carved-work: act of cleaning a ship's bottom.—n.Grav′ing-dock, a dock into which ships are taken to have their bottoms cleaned.
Gravity, grav′i-ti,n.weightiness: that attraction between bodies, or acceleration of one toward another, of which the fall of a body to the ground is an example: state of being grave or sober: relative importance: (mus.) lowness of a note.—n.Gravim′eter, an instrument for determining specific gravities.—v.i.Grav′itāte, to be acted on by gravity: to tend towards the earth: to be strongly attracted towards anything.—n.Gravitā′tion, act of gravitating: the tendency of all bodies to attract each other.—adj.Grav′itātive.—Specific gravity(seeSpecific). [Fr.gravité—L.gravitat-em—gravis, heavy.]
Gravy, grāv′i,n.the juices from meat while cooking.—n.Grav′y-boat, a vessel for gravy or sauce. [Earliergreavy; prob. originally an adj. formedgreaves, the dregs of tallow.]
Gray,Grey, grā,adj.of a white colour mixed with black: ash-coloured: (fig.) aged, gray-haired, mature.—n.a gray colour: an animal of a grayish colour, as a horse, &c.—v.t.to cause to become gray: to give a soft effect to a photograph by covering the negative while printing with a ground-glass plate: to depolish.—v.i.to grow or become gray.—n.Gray′beard, one with a gray beard—hence an old man: a coarse earthenware vessel for holding liquors, a bellarmine.—adjs.Gray′-coat′ed(Shak.), having a gray coat;Gray′-eyed(Shak.), having gray eyes.—n.Gray′-fly(Milt.), the trumpet or gad fly.—adjs.Gray′-haired,Gray′-head′ed, having gray hair.—n.Gray′hound(same asGreyhound).—adj.Gray′ish, somewhat gray.—ns.Gray′-lag, the common gray or wild goose;Gray′ling, a silvery gray fish of the salmon family, but with a smaller mouth and teeth, and larger scales.—adv.Gray′ly.—ns.Gray′ness;Gray′-owl, the common tawny owl;Gray′stone, a grayish or greenish volcanic rock allied to basalt;Grayweth′er(seeGreywether).—Gray mare(seeMare). [A.S.grǽg; allied to Ger.grau, and L.ravus, tawny.]
Graywacke,Greywacke, grä′wak-e,n.a kind of sandstone, consisting of rounded pebbles and sand firmly united together. [Ger.grauwacke—grau, gray,wacke, a flint.]
Graze, grāz,v.t.to eat or feed on grass: to feed or supply with grass: (obs.) to tend while grazing.—v.i.to eat grass: to supply grass.—ns.Graz′er, an animal which grazes;Grazier(grā′zhėr),one who grazes or pastures cattle and rears them for the market;Graz′ing, the act of feeding on grass: the feeding or raising of cattle. [Fromgrass.]
Graze, grāz,v.t.to pass lightly along the surface. [Ety. dub.; perh. only a special use ofgrazeabove; perh. coined fromrase(Fr.raser), the initialgdue to the analogy ofgrate.]
Grease, grēs,n.soft thick animal fat: oily matter of any kind: an inflammation in the heels of a horse, marked by swelling, &c.—v.t.(sometimes pron. grēz) to smear with grease, to lubricate—also used figuratively, to cause to go easily: (obs.) to bribe—as in to 'grease the palm.'—adv.Greas′ily.—n.Greas′iness.—adj.Greas′y, of or like grease or oil: smeared with grease: smooth: fat. [O. Fr.gresse, fatness,gras, fat—L.crassus, gross.]
Great, grāt,adj.large: long continued: superior: distinguished: highly gifted: noble: mighty: sublime: of high rank: chief: proud, arrogant: weighty: difficult: important: pregnant, teeming: indicating one degree more remote in the direct line of descent, asGreat′-grand′father,Great′-grand′son.—adj.Great′-bel′lied(Shak.), pregnant.—n.Great′coat, an overcoat.—v.t.Great′en(Browning), to make great.—v.i.to become great.—ns.Great′-grand′child, the child of a grandchild;Great′-grand′mother, the mother of a grand-parent.—adj.Great′-heart′ed, having a great or noble heart: high-spirited: noble.—adv.Great′ly.—ns.Great′ness;Great′-prim′er(seePrimer);Greats, the final examination in the Honours Schools at Oxford, &c.;Great′-un′cle, usually grand-uncle, a grandfather's or grandmother's brother.—Great Dane, one of a breed of large close-haired dogs from Denmark, a boar-hound;Great Powers, the chief countries of Europe—France, Germany, Russia, Great Britain, Austro-Hungary;Great schism, the division between the Latin and Greek Churches, begun in the 9th century, and culminating in 1054;Great Sea, the Mediterranean;Great unwashed, an absurd term sometimes applied to the working classes generally.—Greater Britain, the whole colonial empire of Great Britain.—The great, people of rank. [A.S.greát; Dut.groot, Ger.gross; perh. allied togrand,gross,grow.]
Greave, grēv,n.(Spens.) a groove, a grove.
Greave. SeeGreeve.
Greaves, grēvz,n.pl.the sediment of melted tallow pressed into cakes for dogs' food.—AlsoGraves. [Prov. Sw.grevar, tallow-leavings; cf. Ger.griebe.]
Greaves, grēvz,n.pl.ancient armour for the legs, of leather, &c. [O. Fr.greves—greve, shin-bone.]
Grebe, grēb,n.an aquatic bird, having a long conical beak, short wings, and no tail. [Fr.grèbe; from Celt., as in Bret.krib, a comb, W.crib, crest.]
Grecian, grē′shan,adj.pertaining to Greece.—n.a native of Greece: one well versed in the Greek language and literature: (B.) a Hellenising Jew, or Jew who spoke Greek: one of the senior boys of Christ's Hospital: (slang) an Irish labourer newly over.—v.t.Grē′cise, to make Grecian: to translate into Greek.—v.i.to speak Greek.—n.Grē′cism, an idiom of the Greek language.—adj.Grē′co-Rō′man, of or pertaining to both Greece and Rome, esp. to the art cultivated by Greeks under Roman domination (see alsoWrestling).—Grecian bend, a foolish mode of walking with a slight bend forward, at one time affected by a few women who fondly thought to imitate the pose of a figure like the Venus of Milo. [Fr.Grec—L.Græcus—Gr.Graikos.]
Grecque, grek,n.a vessel with a perforated bottom for making coffee without grounds: a Greek fret.
Gree, grē,n.(Spens.) good-will, favour: the prize of the day.—v.i.(Shak.) to agree. [O. Fr.gre—L.gratus, pleasing. SeeAgree.]
Gree, grē,n.degree, rank: a step:—pl.Grees,Grece,Grese, steps—in turn used as a sing. and speltGreece,Greese,Griece,Grize, a flight of steps, a staircase, a degree (Grees′ing,Gres′sing, and evenGrē′cianare obs. forms).—adj.Grieced, having steps. [O. Fr.gre—L.gradus. SeeGrade.]
Greedy, grēd′i,adj.having a voracious appetite: covetous: eagerly desirous.—n.Greed, an eager desire or longing: covetousness.—adv.Greed′ily.—n.Greed′iness. [A.S.grǽdig; Dut.gretig.]
Greek, grēk,adj.Grecian.—n.a Grecian: the language of Greece: (B.) a Greek by race, or more frequently a Gentile as opposed to a Jew, a Hellenising Jew, a Jew naturalised in foreign countries: a cunning rogue, a merry fellow: any language of which one is ignorant, jargon, anything unintelligible.—adj.Greek′ish.—Greek architecture, the orders developed in ancient Greece (Corinthian, Doric, Ionic);Greek Church, the church of those Christians who follow the ancient rite of the East and accept the first seven councils, rejecting all later innovations and papal supremacy—it is called Orthodox by reason of its vindications of dogma, and Eastern from its geographical distribution;Greek cross(seeCross);Greek fire, a composition, burning either in or under water, supposed to have been made of asphalt, nitre, and sulphur, long kept secret by the Greeks of the Byzantine empire for their exclusive use in war;Greek gift, a treacherous gift (from Virgil'sÆneid, ii. 49).—At the Greek calends, never, the Greeks having no calends.
Green, grēn,adj.of the colour of growing plants: growing: vigorous: new: unripe: inexperienced, simple, raw, easily imposed on: young.—n.the colour of growing plants: a small green or grassy plat, esp. that common to a village or town for public or merely ornamental purposes: the plot of grass belonging to a house or group of houses, usually at the back: (golf) the whole links on which the game is played, the putting-ground round the individual holes, generally counted as 20 yards from the hole all round: (pl.) fresh leaves: wreaths: the leaves and stems of green vegetables for food, esp. plants of the cabbage kind, spinach, &c.: a political party at Constantinople, under Justinian, opposed to the Blues.—ns.Green′back, popular name for the paper money first issued by the United States in 1862;Green′-cloth, a gaming-table: a department of the royal household, chiefly concerned with the commissariat—from the green cloth on the table round which its officials sat;Green′-crop, a crop of green vegetables, as grasses, turnips, &c.;Green′-earth, a mineral of a green colour and earthy character, used as a pigment by painters in water-colours;Green′ery, green plants: verdure.—adj.Green′-eyed, having green eyes: (fig.) jealous—Green-eyed monster, jealousy.—ns.Green′finch,Green linnet, a native bird of the finch family, of a green colour, slightly mixed with gray and brown;Green′grocer, a grocer or dealer who retails greens, or fresh vegetables and fruits;Green′-hand, an inferior sailor;Green′-heart, orBebeeru, a very hard variety of wood found in the West Indies and South America;Green′horn, a raw, inexperienced youth;Green′house, a building, chiefly covered with glass and artificially heated, for the protection of exotic plants, or to quicken the cultivation of other plants or fruit;Green′ing(Keats), a becoming green: a kind of apple green when ripe.—adj.Green′ish, somewhat green.—n.Green′ishness.—adv.Green′ly, immaturely, unskilfully.—ns.Green′ness;Green′room, the retiring-room of actors in a theatre, which originally had the walls coloured green;Green′sand, a sandstone in which green specks of iron occur;Green′shank, a bird of the snipe family, in the same genus as the redshank and some of the sandpipers;Green′-sick′ness, chlorosis (see underChlorine);Green′-snake, a harmless colubrine snake common in the southern United States;Green′stone, a rock term, now disused, for any dark-green basic crystalline (trap-rock);Green′sward, sward or turf green with grass;Green′-tea(seeTea);Greenth, greenness, verdure;Green′-tur′tle(seeTurtle);Green′-vit′riol(seeVit′riol);Green′-weed, a name given to certain half-shrubby species of genista;Green′wood, a wood or collection of trees covered with leaves: wood newly cut—also used as anadj., as in 'the greenwood shade.'—adj.Green′y.—Green in my eye, in a colloquial question=Do I look credulous or easily imposed on?—Green, orEmerald,Isle,Ireland.—Greenstick fracture(seeFracture). [A.S.gréne; Ger.grün, Dut.groen, green, Ice.grænn, allied togrow.]
Greengage, grēn′gāj,n.a green and very sweet variety of plum. [Said to be named from Sir W.Gageof Hengrave Hall, near Bury, before 1725.]
Greese,Greesing. SeeGree(2).
Greet, grēt,v.t.to salute or address with kind wishes: to send kind wishes to: to congratulate.—v.i.to meet and salute:—pr.p.greet′ing;pa.p.greet′ed.—n.Greet′ing, expression of kindness or joy: salutation. [A.S.grétan, to go to meet; Dut.groeten, Ger.grüssen, to salute.]
Greet, grēt,v.i.(Spens.) to cry, weep.—adj.Greet′ing, mournful.—n.weeping. [A.S.grǽtan; Goth.gretan.]
Greeve, grēv,n.(Scot.) a reeve, a steward.—AlsoGreave,Grieve. [Not likereevefrom A.S.geréfa; but from Ice.greifi; cf. Ger.graf.]
Greffier, gref′ier,n.a registrar, a prothonotary. [Fr.]
Gregarious, gre-gā′ri-us,adj.associating or living in flocks and herds.—adj.Gregā′rian.—n.Gregā-rianism.—adv.Gregā′riously.—n.Gregā′riousness. [L.gregarius—grex,gregis, a flock.]
Gregorian, gre-gō′ri-an,adj.belonging to or established by PopeGregory; as the Gregorian chant or tones, introduced by Gregory I. (6th century), and the calendar, reformed by Gregory XIII. (1582): one of an 18th-century English brotherhood.
Greit, grēt. Same asGreet(2).
Gremial, grē′mi-al,n.a piece of cloth laid on a bishop's knees to keep his vestments clean from oil at ordinations. [Fr.,—L.gremium, the lap.]
Grenade, gre-nād′,n.a small shell of iron or annealed glass, filled with powder and bits of iron, and thrown from the hand, or with a shovel over a parapet. [Fr.,—Sp.granada—L.granatus, full of seeds—granum, a grain, seed.]
Grenadier, gren-a-dēr′,n.(orig.) a soldier who threw grenades: then, a member of the first company of every battalion of foot: now only used as the title of the first three battalions of the foot-guards.
Grenadine, gren-a-dēn′,n.a thin kind of silk used for ladies' dresses, shawls, &c. [Fr.]
Gressorial, gres-ō′ri-al,adj.adapted for walking, belonging to theGressoria, a sub-order of orthopterous insects with slender bodies and long legs. [L.gressus, pa.p. ofgradi, to walk.]
Gretna, gret′na.—Gretna-green marriage, a runaway marriage across the Border toGretnain Dumfriesshire.
Grève, grāv,n.the Tyburn of ancient Paris.
Greves, grēvz,n.pl.(Milt.) armour for the legs—a form ofgreaves.
Grew, grōō,pa.t.ofgrow.
Grey, grā. Same asGray.—Grey Friars(seeFriar);Grey hen, a stone bottle for holding liquor;Greys=Scots Greys(seeScot).
Greyhound, grā′hownd,n.a tall and slender dog, kept for the chase, with great powers of speed and great keenness of sight. [M. E.greihund; Ice.greyhundr—Ice.grey, a dog,hundr, a hound.]
Greywether, grā-weth′er,n.a large block of hard sandstone found sporadically over south and south-east England.—AlsoGrayweth′er, but notGrayweather. [Grayandwether—i.e. 'gray ram.']
Grice, grīs,n.a little pig.—AlsoGrise. [Ice.]
Griddle, grid′l,n.a flat iron plate for baking cakes. [O. Fr.gredil,grëil—Low L.craticulum, dim. ofcratis, a hurdle.]
Gride, grīd,v.t.to cut with a grating sound, to pierce harshly: to grate, jar upon:—pr.p.grīd′ing;pa.p.grīd′ed.—n.a harsh grating sound. [Gird.]
Gridelin, grid′e-lin,n.a kind of violet-gray colour. [Fr.gris de lin, gray of flax.]
Gridiron, grid′ī-urn,n.a frame of iron bars for broiling flesh or fish over the fire: a frame of wood or iron cross-beams to support a ship during repairs.—v.t.to cover with parallel bars or lines.—n.Grid, a grating of parallel bars: a gridiron: (elect.) a battery-plate somewhat like a grating, esp. a zinc plate in a primary battery, or a lead plate in a secondary or storage battery. [M. E.gredire, a griddle. From the same source asgriddle; but the term.-irebecame confused with M. E.ire, iron.]
Griece. SeeGree(2).
Grief, grēf,n.heaviness of heart: sorrow: regret: mourning: cause of sorrow: affliction: (B.) bodily as well as mental pain.—adjs.Grief′ful(Spens.), full of grief;Grief′less, sorrowless;Grief′shot(Shak.), pierced with grief. [Fr.,—L.gravis, heavy.]
Grieve. SeeGreeve.
Grieve, grēv,v.t.to cause grief or pain of mind to: to make sorrowful: to vex: (B.) also to inflict bodily pain.—v.i.to feel grief: to mourn.—n.Griev′ance, cause of grief: burden: hardship: injury: grief.—adv.Griev′ingly(Shak.), in sorrow, sorrowfully.—adj.Griev′ous, causing grief: burdensome: painful: atrocious: hurtful.—adv.Griev′ously, in a grievous manner: (B.) severely.—n.Griev′ousness. [O. Fr.grever—L.gravāre,gravis, heavy.]
Griffin, grif′in,Griffon,grif′un,n.an imaginary animal, with the body and legs of a lion, and the crooked beak and wings of an eagle: a new-comer in India, a novice: a watchful guardian, esp. over a young woman: a duenna.—adj.Griff′inish.—n.Griff′inism. [Fr.griffon—L.gryphus—Gr.gryps—grypos, hook-nosed.]
Grig, grig,n.a cricket, grasshopper: a small lively eel, the sand-eel. [Prob. a form ofcrick, incricket.]
Grill, gril,v.t.to broil on a gridiron: to torment.—v.i.to undergo torment, to be in a broil.—n.a grated appliance for broiling meat, &c., a gridiron.—ns.Grill′āde, anything grilled or broiled on a gridiron;Grill′āge, a construction of cross-beams supporting an erection on marshy grounds.—adj.Grilled, embossed with small rectangular indentations.—n.Grill′-room, a restaurant, where beefsteaks, &c., are grilled to one's order. [Fr.griller—gril, a gridiron—L.craticula, dim. ofcratis, a grate.]
Grille, gril,n.a lattice, or grating, or screen, or open-work of metal, generally used to enclose or protect a window, shrine, &c.: a grating in a convent or jail door. [Fr. SeeGrill.]
Grilse, grils,n.a young salmon on its first return from salt water. [Skeat suggests a corr. of Dan.graalax, Sw.grålax, 'gray salmon,' from Dan.graa, Sw.grå, gray; and Dan., Sw., Ice.lax, Ger.lachs, a salmon. Others suggest Ir.greal sach.]
Grim, grim,adj.of forbidding aspect: ferocious: ghastly: sullen: stern, unyielding.—adv.Grim′ly.—n.Grim′ness. [A.S.grim; Ger.grimmig—grimm, fury, Dut.grimmig, Ice.grimmr.]
Grimace, gri-mās′,n.a distortion of the face, in jest, &c.: a smirk.—v.i.to make grimaces.—adj.Grimaced′, with a grimace: distorted. [Fr.; of uncertain origin, perh. from Ice.gríma, a mask.]
Grimalkin, gri-mal′kin,n.an old cat, a cat generally. [Gray, andmalkin, a dim. ofMoll=Mary.]
Grime, grīm,n.ingrained dirt.—v.t.to soil deeply.—adv.Grim′ily.—n.Grim′iness.—adjs.Grim′-looked(Shak.), having a grim or dismal aspect;Grim′y, foul, dirty. [From a Teut. root seen in Dan.grim, soot, Fris.grime, a dark spot on the face.]
Grimm's Law. SeeLaw.
Grin, grin,v.i.to set the teeth together and withdraw the lips: to smile with some accompanying distortion of the features, expressive of derision, stupid admiration, &c.—v.t.to express by grinning:—pr.p.grin′ning;pa.p.grinned.—n.act of grinning: a forced or sardonic smile.—p.adj.Grin′ning, making grins. [A.S.grennian; Ice.grenja, Ger.greinen, Dut.grijnen, to grumble, Scot.girn; allied to Eng.groan, Fr.grogner.]
Grin, grin,n.a snare or trap. [A.S.grín.]
Grind, grīnd,v.t.to reduce to powder by friction: to wear down or sharpen by rubbing: to rub together: to oppress or harass: to set in motion by a crank.—v.i.to be moved or rubbed together: to drudge at any tedious task: to read hard:—pr.p.grīnd′ing;pa.t.andpa.p.ground.—n.hard or distasteful work: laborious study for a special examination, &c.—ns.Grind′er, he who, or that which, grinds: a double or jaw tooth that grinds food: a coach or crammer of students for examination: a hard student;Grind′ery, a place where knives, &c., are ground, or where they are sold: shoemakers' materials;Grind′ing, act or process of reducing to powder.—p.adj.harassing.—n.Grind′stone, a circular revolving stone for grinding or sharpening tools.—Keep one's nose to the grindstone, to subject one to severe continuous toil or punishment.—Take a grinder(Dickens), to put the left thumb to the nose, and to work a visionary coffee-mill round it with the right—a gesture of contempt. [A.S.grindan.]
Gringo, gring′gō,n.an Englishman or American among Spanish-speaking Americans. [Sp. 'gibberish,' prob.Griego, Greek.]
Grip, grip,n.a small ditch or trench, a drain.—AlsoGripe. [M. E.grip,grippe; cf. Low Ger.gruppe.]
Grip, grip,n.grasp or firm hold with the hand, &c.: the handle or part by which anything is grasped: a mode of grasping, a particular mode of grasping hands for mutual recognition, as by Freemasons: a clutching device connecting a car with a moving traction-cable: oppression: pinching distress.—v.t.to take fast hold of, to grasp or gripe:—pr.p.grip′ping;pa.p.gripped, gript.—v.t.Grīpe, to grasp with the hand: to seize and hold fast: to squeeze: to give pain to the bowels.—n.fast hold, grasp: forcible retention: a griffin: a usurer: (pl.) severe spasmodic pain in the intestines.—n.Grīp′er.—p.adj.Grīp′ing, avaricious: of a pain that catches or seizes acutely.—adv.Grīp′ingly, in a griping or oppressive manner.—ns.Grippe, influenza or epidemic catarrh;Grip′per, one who, or that which, grips.—adj.Grip′ple(Spens.), griping, grasping: greedy.—n.a gripe.—n.Grip′-sack, a hand-satchel.—Lose one's grip, to lose hold or control. [A.S.grípan,grap,gripen; Ice.grípa, Ger.grei′fen, Dut.grijpen; allied to grab.]
Griqua, grek′wa,n.one of a mixed race in South Africa, descended from Boer fathers and Hottentot or Bush women.
Grisaille, grē-zāl′,n.a style of decorative painting in grayish tints in imitation of bas-reliefs: a stained-glass window in this style. [Fr.,—gris, gray.]
Gris-amber, gris′-am′bėr,n.(Milt.)—ambergris.
Grise,Grize. SeeGree(2).
Griselda, gris-el′da,n.a woman of exemplary gentleness and patience, from the name of the heroine of a tale retold by Boccaccio, Petrarch, and Chaucer (Clerkes Tale).
Griseous, gris′ē-us,adj.bluish-gray.
Grisette, gri-zet′,n.a gay young Frenchwoman of the lower class. [Fr.grisette, a gray gown, which used to be worn by that class—gris, gray.]
Griskin, gris′kin,n.(prov.) the spine of a hog. [Obs.gris,grice, a pig—Ice.griss, a young pig.]
Grisled, griz′ld. Same asGrizzled.
Grisly, griz′li,adj.frightful: hideous.—n.Gris′liness. [A.S.gryslíc,ágrísan, to dread; Ger.grässlich.]
Grist, grist,n.corn for grinding at one time: supply: profit.—n.Grist′-mill, a mill for grinding grain.—Bring grist to the mill, to be a source of profit. [A.S.grist,gerst, a grinding; from root ofgrind.]
Gristle, gris′l,n.a soft elastic substance in animal bodies—also calledCartilage.—n.Grist′liness.—adj.Grist′ly. [A.S.gristle—grist, grinding.]
Grit, grit,n.the coarse part of meal: gravel: a kind of hard sandstone: firmness of character, spirit: (pl.) oats coarsely ground, groats.—ns.Grit′stone;Grit′tiness.—adj.Grit′ty, having hard particles: sandy: determined, plucky. [A.S.greót; Dut.grut, groats, Ger.gries, gravel.]
Grit, grit, a Scotch form ofgreat.
Grize. SeeGree(2).
Grizzle, griz′l,n.a gray colour.—adjs.Grizz′led, gray, or mixed with gray;Grizz′ly, of a gray colour.—n.the grizzly bear (Ursus horribilis) of the Rocky Mountains. [M. E.grisel—Fr.gris, gray—Mid. High Ger.grís, gray, Ger.greis.]
Groan, grōn,v.i.to utter a moaning sound in distress: (fig.) to be afflicted: to express disapprobation of a speaker by means of audible groans or similar sounds.—n.a deep moaning sound as of distress: a sound of disapprobation.—adj.Groan′ful(Spens.), sad, agonising.—n.Groan′ing, a deep moan as of pain: any low rumbling sound. [A.S.gránian.]
Groat, grawt, or grōt,n.an English silver coin, worth fourpence—only coined after 1662 as Maundy money—the silver fourpenny-piece, coined from 1836-56, was not called a groat: a very small sum, proverbially. [Old Low Ger.grote, a coin of Bremen—orig.grote sware, 'great pennies,' as compared with the smaller copper coins, five to the groat.]
Groats, grōts,n.pl.the grain of oats deprived of the husks. [M. E.grotes, prob. Ice.grautr, barley; cog. with A.S.grút, coarse meal.]
Grobian, grō′bi-an,n.a boorish rude fellow. [Ger.grob, coarse; cf.gruff—Dut.grof.]
Grocer, grōs′ėr,n.a dealer in tea, sugar, &c.—n.Groc′ery(generally used inpl.), articles sold by grocers. [Earliergrosserorengrosser, a wholesale dealer; O. Fr.grossier—gros, great.]
Grog, grog,n.a mixture of spirits and cold water, without sugar.—ns.Grog′-bloss′om, a redness of the nose due to drinking;Grog′gery(U.S.), a low public-house;Grog′giness, state of being groggy;Grog′ging, extracting the spirit from the wood of empty spirit-casks with water.—adj.Grog′gy, affected by grog, partially intoxicated: (boxing) weak and staggering from blows: applied to a horse that bears wholly on his heels in trotting.—n.Grog′-shop, a dram-shop. [From 'Old Grog,' the nickname of Admiral Vernon, who introduced it about 1745—from hisgrogrambreeches.]
Grogram, grog′ram,n.a kind of coarse cloth of silk and mohair. [O. Fr.grosgrain.]
Groin, groin,n.the part of the body on either side of the belly where the thigh joins the trunk: (archit.) the angular curve formed by the crossing of two arches.—v.t.to form into groins, to build in groins.—n.Groin′-cen′tring, the centring of timber during construction.—adj.Groined, having angular curves made by the intersection of two arches.—n.Groin′ing.—Underpitch groining, a kind of vaulting used when the main vault of a groined roof is higher than the transverse intersecting vault, as in St George's Chapel, Windsor—sometimes calledWelsh groining. [Ice.grein, division, branch—greina, to divide; Sw.gren, branch, space between the legs; Scot.graine,grane, the branch of a tree or river.]
Groin, groin,v.i.(obs.) to grunt, to growl. [O. Fr.grogner—L.grunnīre, to grunt.]
Grolier, grō′lye,n.a book or a binding from the library of the French bibliophile, JeanGrolier(1479-1565).—adj.Grolieresque′, after the style of Grolier's bindings, with geometrical or arabesque figures and leaf-sprays in gold lines.
Grommet, grom′et,n.a ring formed of a single strand of rope, laid in three times round, fastening the upper edge of a sail to its stay: a ship-boy. [O. Fr.]
Gromwell, grom′wel,n.a herb of the borage family. [O. Fr.grumel—L.grumulus, a hillock.]
Groom,grōōm,n.one who has the charge of horses: a title of several officers of the royal household: a bridegroom.—v.t.to tend, as a horse.—n.Grooms′man, the attendant on a bridegroom at his marriage. [Prob. from A.S.guma(in bridegroom), a man, Goth.guma, Ice.gumi, L.homo.]
Groove, grōōv,n.a furrow, or long hollow, such as is cut with a tool.—v.t.to grave or cut a groove or furrow in. [Prob. Dut.groef,groeve, a furrow; cog. with Ger.grube, a pit, Ice.gróf, Eng.grave.]
Grope, grōp,v.i.to search for something, as if blind or in the dark.—v.t.to search by feeling.—adv.Grop′ingly, in a groping manner. [A.S.grápian, to seize; allied tograb,gripe.]
Grosbeak, grōs′bēk,n.a name applied to not a few highly specialised finches (Fringillidæ), with thick, heavy, seed-crushing bills—also to many other birds, as the cardinal grosbeaks and the rose-breasted grosbeak. [Grossandbeak.]
Groschen, grō′shen,n.a small silver coin till 1873-76 current in the north of Germany, in value1⁄30th of a thaler. [Ger.,—L.grossus, thick.]
Groser, grō′ser,n.(prov.) a gooseberry—(Scot.)Gros′sart.—adj.Grossulā′ceous, pertaining to the gooseberry. [SeeGooseberry.]
Gross, grōs,adj.coarse: rough: dense: palpable, glaring, shameful: whole: coarse in mind: stupid: sensual: obscene.—n.the main bulk: the whole taken together: a great hundred—i.e. twelve dozen.—adv.Gross′ly.—n.Gross′ness.—In gross, in bulk, wholesale. [Fr.gros—L.grossus, thick.]
Grotesque, grō-tesk′,adj.extravagantly formed: ludicrous.—n.(art) extravagant ornament, containing animals, plants, &c. not really existing.—adv.Grotesque′ly.—ns.Grotesque′ness;Grotesqu′ery. [Fr.grotesque—It.grotesca—grotta, a grotto.]
Grotian, grō′shi-an,adj.of or pertaining to HugoGrotius(1583-1645), the Latinised form of Huig vanGroot, founder of the science of international law.—Grotian theory, the theory that man is essentially a social being, and that the principles of justice are of perpetual obligation and in harmony with his nature;Grotian, orGovernmental,theory of the Atonement, a divine acquittal for Christ's sake, rather than a real satisfaction on the part of Christ.
Grotto, grot′ō,n.a cave: a place of shade, for pleasure—alsoGrot:—pl.Grott′os—n.Grott′o-work, a grotto-like structure. [It.grotta(Fr.grotte)—L.crypta—Gr.kryptē, a crypt.]
Ground, grownd,pa.t.andpa.p.ofgrind.
Ground, grownd,n.the surface of the earth: a portion of the earth's surface: land, field, soil: the floor, &c.: position: field or place of action: (lit.orfig.) that on which something is raised: foundation: sufficient reason: (art) the surface on which the figures are represented.—v.t.to fix on a foundation or principle: to instruct in first principles: to cover with a layer of plaster, &c., as a basis for painting: to coat with a composition, as a surface to be etched.—v.i.to strike the bottom and remain fixed.—ns.Ground′age, the tax paid by a ship for the space occupied while in port;Ground′-ang′ling, fishing without a float, with a weight placed a few inches from the hook—called alsoBottom-fishing;Ground′-ash, a sapling of ash;Ground′-bait, bait dropped to the bottom of the water.—adv.Ground′edly(Browning), on good grounds.—ns.Ground′er, at baseball, &c., a ball thrown low rather than rising into the air;Ground′-floor, the floor of a house on a level with the street or exterior ground;Ground′-game, hares, rabbits, as distinguished from winged game;Ground′-hog, the American marmot, or woodchuck: the aardvark of Africa;Ground′-hold(Spens.), ground-tackle;Ground-ice, the ice formed at the bottom of a water first—alsoAn′chor-ice;Ground′ing, the background of embroidery, &c.;Ground′-ī′vy, a common British creeping-plant whose leaves were once used for flavouring ale (gill-aleorgell-ale).—adj.Ground′less, without ground, foundation, or reason.—adv.Ground′lessly.—ns.Ground′lessness;Ground′ling, a fish which keeps near the bottom of the water, esp. the spinous loach: a spectator in the pit of a theatre—-henceone of the common herd: (pl.) the vulgar.—adj.(Lamb) base.—ns.Ground′-nut, ground-bean, or pea-nut, the fruit of the annual leguminous plantArachis hypogæa;Ground′-oak, a sapling of oak;Ground′-plan, plan of the horizontal section of the lowest or ground story of a building:Ground′-plot, the plot of ground on which a building stands;Ground′-rent, rent paid to a landlord for the use of the ground for a specified term, usually in England ninety-nine years.—n.pl.Grounds, dregs of drink: sediment at the bottom of liquors (explained by Skeat as Celtic—Gael.grunndas, lees,grunnd, bottom, Ir.gruntas,grunnt, bottom).—ns.Ground′sell,Ground′sill, the timber of a building which lies next to the ground;Ground-squirr′el, the chipmuck or hackee;Ground′-swell, a broad, deep undulation of the ocean, proceeding from a distant storm;Ground′-tack′le, the tackle necessary for securing a vessel at anchor;Ground′work, that which forms the ground or foundation of anything: the basis: the essential part: the first principle.—Ground annual, in the law of Scotland, an annual payment, sometimes called a rent-charge, made for land—a substitute for feu-duty.—Be on one's own ground, to be dealing with a matter in which one is specially versed;Break ground, to take the first step in any project;Fall to the ground, to come to nothing;Gain ground, to advance, to obtain an advantage;Give ground, to yield advantage;Lose ground, to retire, to lose advantage;Slippery ground, an insecure footing;Stand, orHold,one's ground, to stand firm. [A.S.grund; most prob.grund-en, pa.p. ofgrindan, and orig. meaning 'earth ground small;' cog. with Ger.grund, Ice.grunnr.]
Groundsel, grownd′sel,n.an annual plant, about a foot high, with small yellow flowers. [A.S.grundeswelge—grund, ground,swelgan, to swallow.]
Group, grōōp,n.a number of persons or things together: a number of individual things related, in some definite way differentiating them from others: (art) a combination of figures forming a harmonious whole.—v.t.to form into a group or groups.—v.i.to fall into harmonious combination.—n.Group′ing(art), the act of disposing and arranging figures or objects in a group. [Fr.groupe—It.groppo, a bunch, knot—Teut.; cf. Ger.kropf, protuberance.]
Grouse, grows,n.the heathcock or moorfowl, a plump bird with a short curved bill, short legs, and feathered feet, which frequents Scotch moors and hills—theScotch ptarmigan,red-grouse: any bird of the familyTetraonidæ, and sub-familyTetraoninæ. [Prob. from the oldergrice(on the analogy ofmouse,mice)—O. Fr.griesche, gray.]
Grout, growt,n.coarse meal: the sediment of liquor: lees: a thin coarse mortar: a fine plaster for finishing ceilings.—n.Grout′ing, the filling up or finishing with grout: the stuff so used.—adj.Grout′y, thick, muddy: sulky. [A.S.grút, coarse meal; cog. with Dut.grut, Ice.grautr, porridge, Ger.grütze, groats.]
Grove, grōv,n.a wood of small size, generally of a pleasant or ornamental character: an avenue of trees: (B.) an erroneous translation ofAsherah, the wooden upright image of the lewdly worshipped goddess Ashtoreth; also of Heb.eshelin Gen. xxi. 33.—Groves of Academe, the shady walks of the Academy at Athens, any place of learned pursuits. [A.S.gráf, a grove—grafan, pa.t.gróf, to dig.]
Grovel, grov′el,v.i.to crawl on the earth, esp. in abject fear, &c.: to be base or mean:—pr.p.grov′elling;pa.p.grov′elled.—n.Grov′eller.—adj.Grov′elling, mean. [Explained by Skeat as due to M. E.groveling, flat on the ground, properly anadv., alsogrofling—Ice.grûfa.]
Grow, grō,v.i.to become enlarged by a natural process: to advance towards maturity: to increase in size: to develop: to become greater in any way: to extend: to improve: to pass from one state to another: to become.—v.t.to cause to grow: to cultivate:—pa.t.grew (grōō);pa.p.grown.—ns.Grow′er;Grow′ing;Growth, a growing: gradual increase: progress: development: that which has grown: product.—Grow on, to gain in the estimation of;Grow out of, to issue from, result from: to pass beyond in development, to give up;Grow to, to advance to;Grow together, to become united by growth;Grow up, to advance in growth, become full-grown; to take root, spring up. [A.S.grówan; Ice.gróa; conn. withgreen.]
Growl, growl,v.i.to utter a deep, murmuring sound like a dog: to grumble surlily.—v.t.to express by growling.—n.a murmuring, snarling sound, as of an angry dog.—ns.Growl′er, one who growls: a fish of the Perch family, abundant in North American rivers, so named from the sound it emits: (slang) a four-wheeled cab: (Amer.) a jug or pitcher used for carrying beer;Growl′ing, grumbling, snarling: a rumbling sound.—adv.Growl′ingly. [Dut.grollen, to grumble; allied to Gr.gryllizein, to grunt.]
Groyne, groin,n.a wooden breakwater. [Groin.]
Grub, grub,v.i.to dig in the dirt: to be occupied meanly: (slang) to eat.—v.t.to dig or root out of the ground (generally followed by up): (slang) to supply with victuals:—pr.p.grub′bing;pa.p.grubbed.—n.the larva of the beetle, moth, &c.: (slang) something to eat.—n.Grub′ber, he who, or that which, grubs: an agricultural implement for grubbing out weeds, &c., or for clearing and stirring up the soil, with obliquely placedtinesor teeth set in a frame and moved forward on wheels.—v.i.andv.t.Grub′ble, to grope.—n.Grub′-street, a street in London inhabited by booksellers' hacks and shabby writers generally.—adj.applied to any mean literary production. [Prob. A.S.grápian, to grope.]
Grudge, gruj,v.t.to murmur at: to look upon with envy: to give or take unwillingly.—v.i.to show discontent.—n.secret enmity or envy: an old cause of quarrel.—adjs.Grudge′ful(Spens.), full of grudge, envious;Grudg′ing, given to grudge.—adv.Grudg′ingly, unwillingly. [M. E.grochen,grucchen—O. Fr.grocer,groucer, from an imitative root seen in Gr.gry, the grunt of a pig; also ingrowl,grunt.]
Gruel, grōō′el,n.a thin food made by boiling oatmeal in water. [O. Fr.gruel(Fr.gruau), groats—Low L.grutellum, dim. ofgrutum, meal—Old Low Ger.grut, groats, A.S.grút.]
Gruesome, grōō′sum,adj.horrible: fearful: dismal, depressing.—vs.i.Grue,Grew, to shudder: to feel horror or repulsiveness. [Scand.; Dan.gru, horror, with suff.-som; cf. Dut.gruwzaam, Ger.grausam.]
Gruff, gruf,adj.rough, stern, or abrupt in manner: churlish.—adv.Gruff′ly.—n.Gruff′ness. [Dut.grof; cog. with Sw.grof, Ger.grob, coarse.]
Grum, grum,adj.morose: surly: deep in the throat, as a sound.—adv.Grum′ly.—n.Grum′ness. [A.S.grom; cf. Dan.grum.]
Grumble, grum′bl,v.i.to murmur with discontent: to growl: to rumble.—n.the act of grumbling.—ns.Grum′bler;Grumbletō′nian, one of the country party as opposed to the court party, after 1689.—adv.Grum′blingly. [Old Dut.grommelen, freq. ofgrommento mutter.]
Grume, grōōm,n.a thick consistence of fluid: a clot, as of blood.—adjs.Grum′ous,Grum′ose, thick: clotted. [O. Fr.grume, a bunch (Fr.grumeau, a clot)—L.grumus, a little heap.]
Grumph, grumf,n.(Scot.) a grunt.—v.i.to grunt.—n.Grumph′ie, a sow.
Grumpy, grum′pi,adj.surly: dissatisfied: melancholic.—adv.Grum′pily. [Grumble.]
Grundy, grund′i,Mrs, the invisiblecensor morumwho is frequently appealed to in the phrase, 'But what will Mrs Grundy say?' in Thomas Morton's play,Speed the Plough(1800).
Grunt, grunt,v.i.to make a sound like a pig: to utter guttural sounds.—n.a short, guttural sound, as of a hog.—ns.Grunt′er;Grunt′ing.—adv.Grunt′ingly. [M. E.grunten—A.S.grunian; cf. Ger.grunzen, L.grunnīre; all imit.]
Grutch, gruch,v.t.orv.i.(Spens.) to grudge.
Gruyère, grōō-yār′,n.a famous whole-milk cheese, made atGruyèreand many other places in the canton of Freiburg, Switzerland.
Gryde, grīd,v.i.(Spens.) to gride.
Gryfon,Gryphon, grif′on,n.obsolete forms ofgriffin.—AlsoGrype.
Gryposis, gri-pō′sis,n.a curvature, esp. of the nails.
Grysie, grīz′i,adj.(Spens.) grisly: squalid: moist.
Guacharo, gwä′chä-rō,n.the oil-bird, a South American nocturnal frugivorous goatsucker. [Sp.]
Guacho, gwä′kō,n.a tropical American climbing composite: the medicinal substance in the leaves.
Guaiacum, gwā′ya-kum,n.a genus of trees in the West Indies, that yield a greenish resin used in medicine. [Sp.guayaco, from a Haytian word.]
Guan, gwän,n.the yacou, a South American genus of large arboreal game-birds, giving loud cries.
Guanaco, gwä-nä′ko,n.a cameloid ruminant widely spread in South America.
Guano, gwä′nō,n.the long-accumulated excrement of certain sea-fowl, found on certain coasts and islands, esp. about South America, much used for manure.—adj.Guanif′erous.—n.Guä′nin, a yellowish-white, amorphous substance, a constituent of guano, also of the liver and pancreas of mammals. [Sp.guano, orhuano, from Peruv.huanu, dung.]
Guarana, gwä-rä′na,n.a paste prepared from the pounded seeds ofPaullinia sorbilis, a climbing Brazilian shrub, made in round or oblong cakes—Guarana Bread.
Guarantee, gar-an-tē′,Guaranty,gar′an-ti,n.a warrant or surety: a contract to see performed what another has undertaken: the person who makes such a contract, one responsible for the performance of some action, the truth of some statement, &c.—v.t.to undertake that another shall perform certain engagements: to make sure:—pr.p.guarantee′ing;pa.p.guaranteed′.—n.Guar′antor, one who makes a guaranty.—Guarantee associations, joint-stock companies on the insurance principle, which become security for the integrity of cashiers, &c. [O. Fr.garantie, pa.p. ofgarantir, to warrant—garant, warrant. SeeWarrant.]
Guard, gärd,v.t.to ward, watch, or take care of: to protect from danger or attack: to protect the edge of, as by an ornamental border.—v.i.to watch: to be wary.—n.that which guards from danger: a man or body of men stationed to protect: one who has charge of a coach or railway-train: state of caution: posture of defence: part of the hilt of a sword: a watch-chain: (pl.) troops attached to the person of a sovereign: (cricket) the pads which protect the legs from swift balls.—adj.Guard′able.—n.Guard′age(Shak.), wardship.—adjs.Guard′ant(her.), having the face turned towards the beholder;Guard′ed, wary: cautious: uttered with caution.—adv.Guard′edly.—ns.Guard′edness;Guard′house,Guard′room, a house or room for the accommodation of a guard of soldiers, where defaulters are confined;Guard′ian, one who guards or takes care of: (law) one who has the care of an orphan minor.—adj.protecting.—n.Guard′ianship.—adj.Guard′less, without a guard: defenceless.—ns.Guard′ship, a ship of war that superintends marine affairs in a harbour and protects it: (Swift) guardianship;Guards′man, a soldier of the guards.—Guardian angel, an angel supposed to watch over a particular person: a person specially devoted to the interests of another.—Mount guard, to go on guard-duty;On, orOff,one's guard, on the watch, or the opposite;Run the guard, to get past a guard or sentinel without detection. [O. Fr.garder—Old High Ger.warten; A.S.weardian, Eng.ward.]
Guarish, gār′ish,v.t.(Spens.) to heal. [O. Fr.guarir(Fr.guérir), to heal.]
Guava, gwä′va,n.a genus of trees and shrubs of tropical America, with yellow, pear-shaped fruit made into jelly. [Sp.guayaba—Braz.]
Gubbins, gub′ins,n.pl.a half-savage race in Devonshire, described by the pastoral poet William Browne and by Fuller in hisWorthies.
Gubernation, gū-bėr-nā′shun,n.government, rule.—adj.Gubernatō′rial. [L.gubernāre, govern.]
Guddle, gud′lv.t.(Scot.) to catch fish with the hands by groping under the stones or banks of a stream.
Gudgeon, guj′un,n.a genus of small, carp-like fishes common in the fresh waters of Europe—easily caught: a person easily cheated.—adj.foolish.—v.t.to impose on, cheat. [O. Fr.goujon—L.gobion-em—Gr.kōbios. SeeGoby.]
Gudgeon, guj′un,n.the bearing of a shaft, esp. when made of a separate piece: a metallic journal-piece let into the end of a wooden shaft: a pin. [O. Fr.goujon, the pin of a pulley.]
Gue, gū,n.a rude kind of violin used in Shetland.
Guebre,Gueber, gē′bėr,n.a follower of the ancient Persian religion as reformed by Zoroaster. [Pers.gabr; seeGiaour; cf. Ar.kafir, unbeliever.]
Guelder-rose, gel′dėr-rōz,n.a species ofViburnumwith large white ball-shaped flowers—also calledSnowball-tree. [FromGueldresin Holland.]