Preternuptial, prē-ter-nup′shal,adj.adulterous.
Preterperfect, prē-tėr-pėr′fekt,adj.denoting the perfect tense.
Preterpluperfect, prÄ“-tÄ—r-plÅÅ′pÄ—r-fekt,adj.denoting the pluperfect tense.
Pretext, prē′tekst, orprē-tekst′,n.an assumed motive or reason put forward to conceal the real one: a pretence. [L.prætextum—prætexĕre—præ, before,texĕre, to weave.]
Prethoughtful, prÄ“-thawt′fÅÅl,adj.forethoughtful, prudent.
Pretibial, prē-tib′i-al,adj.situated upon the front of the lower part of the leg.
Pretor, &c. SeePrætor, &c.
Pretty, pret′i,adj.tasteful: pleasing to the eye: having attractive but not striking beauty: neat: beautiful without dignity: small: affected: moderately large, considerable: puny, weak (a term of endearment): (in contempt) fine: (obs.) shrewd, cunning: (obs.) strong, warlike.—adv.in some degree: moderately.—v.t.Prett′ify, to make pretty in an excessively ornamental way.—adv.Prett′ily, in a pretty manner: pleasingly: elegantly: neatly.—n.Prett′iness.—adj.Prett′yish, somewhat pretty.—n.Prett′ypretty(coll.), a knick-knack.—adj.Prett′y-spÅ′ken, speaking or spoken prettily.—Pretty much, very nearly. [A.S.prættig, tricky—prætt, trickery; prob. Low L.practicus—Gr.praktikos—prattein, to do.]
Pretypify, prē-tip′i-fī,v.t.to represent by a type what is to happen: to prefigure.
Pretzel, pret′sel,n.a brittle biscuit, cracknel. [Ger.,—Old High Ger.brizilla,prezitella—Low L.bracellus, alsobraciolum, a kind of cake.]
Prevail, prÄ“-vÄl′,v.i.to be very powerful: to gain the victory: to have the upper hand: to have greater influence or effect: to overcome: to be in force: to succeed.—v.t.(obs.)avail.—adj.Prevail′ing, having great power: controlling: bringing about results: very general or common.—adv.Prevail′ingly.—ns.Prevail′ment(Shak.), prevalence;Prev′alence,Prev′alency, the state of being prevalent or wide-spread: superior strength or influence: preponderance: efficacy.—adj.Prev′alent, prevailing: having great power: victorious: wide-spread: most common.—adv.Prev′alently. [Fr.prévaloir—L.prævalÄ“re—præ, before,valÄ“re, to be powerful.]
Prevaricate, prÄ“-var′i-kÄt,v.i.to shift about from side to side, to evade the truth: to quibble: (obs.) to undertake a thing with the purpose of defeating or destroying it: (law) to betray a client by collusion with his opponent.—v.t.(obs.) to pervert, transgress.—ns.PrÄ“varicÄ′tion, the act of quibbling to evade the truth;PrÄ“var′icÄtor, one who prevaricates to evade the truth: a quibbler. [L.prævaricÄri,-Ätus—præ, inten.,varicus, straddling—varus, bent.]
Prevenancy, prev′ē-nan-si,n.complaisance.
Prevent, prē-vent′,v.t.to hinder: to check: to render impossible: (orig.) to go before: to be earlier than.—v.t.Prēvene′(rare), to precede.—n.Prevē′nience.—adj.Prevē′nient(Milt.), going before: preceding: preventive.—n.Preventabil′ity, the quality of being preventable.—adj.Preven′table, that may be prevented or hindered.—ns.Preven′ter, one who, or that which, prevents or hinders: (naut.) an additional rope or spar for strengthening the ordinary one;Preven′tion, act of preventing: anticipation or forethought: obstruction.—adjs.Preven′tive,Preven′tative, tending to prevent or hinder: preservative.—n.that which prevents: a preservative.—adv.Preven′tively.—n.Preven′tiveness.—Preventive service, the service rendered by the coastguard in preventing smuggling. [L.præventus, pa.p. ofprævenīre—præ, before,venīre, to come.]
Prevertebral, prē-vėr′te-bral,adj.situated or developing before the vertebræ.
Previous, prē′vi-us,adj.going before in time: former.—adv.Prē′viously.—n.Prē′viousness, antecedence: priority in time.—Previous question, a motion made during a debate, 'that the main question be now put.' If the decision be 'yes,' the debate is ended and the question put and decided; if it be 'no,' the debate is adjourned in the British parliament, but continues in the American assembly. [L.præevius—præ, before,via, a way.]
Previse, prē-viz′,v.t.to foresee: to forewarn.—n.Previ′sion, foresight: foreknowledge. [L.prævidēre,prævisum, to foresee—præ, before,vidēre, to see.]
Prewarn, prē-wawrn′,v.t.to warn beforehand.
Prex, preks,n.in U.S. college slang the president of a college.—AlsoPrex′y.
Prey, prÄ,n.that which is taken by robbery or force: booty: plunder: that which is or may be seized to be devoured: a victim: depredation: (Shak.) the act of seizing.—v.i.to take plunder: to seize and devour: to waste or impair gradually: to weigh heavily (onorupon), as the mind.—adj.Prey′ful(Shak.), having a disposition to prey on others.—Beast of prey, one who devours other animals. [O. Fr.praie(Fr.proie)—L.præda, booty.]
Priapus, prÄ«-Ä′pus,n.an ancient deity personifying male generative power.—adjs.Priap′ic,Priapē′an.—n.Prī′apism.
Price, prīs,n.that at which anything is prized, valued, or bought: excellence: recompense.—v.t.to set value on: (coll.) to ask the price of: (Spens.) to pay the price of.—ns.Price′-curr′ent,-list, a list of the prices paid for any class of goods, &c.—adjs.Priced, set at a value;Price′less, beyond price: invaluable: without value: worthless.—n.Price′lessness.—Price of money, the rate of discount in lending or borrowing capital.—Without price, priceless. [O. Fr.pris(Fr.prix)—L.pretium, price.]
Prick, prik,n.that which pricks or penetrates: a sharp point: the act or feeling of pricking: a puncture: a sting: remorse: (Shak.) a thorn, prickle, skewer, point of time: (Spens.) point, pitch.—v.t.to pierce with a prick: to erect any pointed thing: to fix by the point: to put on by puncturing: to mark or make by pricking: to incite: to deck out as with flowers or feathers: to pain.—v.i.to have a sensation of puncture: to stand erect: to ride with spurs:—pa.t.andpa.p.pricked.—adj.Prick′-eared, having pointed ears.—ns.Prick′er, that which pricks: a sharp-pointed instrument: light-horseman: a priming wire;Prick′ing;Prickle(prik′l),a little prick: a sharp point growing from the bark of a plant or from the skin of an animal.—v.t.to prick slightly.—v.i.(Spens.) to be prickly.—ns.Prick′le-back, the stickle-back;Prick′liness;Prick′ling, the act of piercing with a sharp point: (Shak.) the sensation of being pricked.—adj.prickly.—adj.Prick′ly, full of prickles.—ns.Prick′ly-heat, a severe form of the skin disease known as lichen, with itching and stinging sensations;Prick′ly-pear, a class of plants with clusters of prickles and fruit like the pear;Prick′-me-dain′ty(Scot.), an affected person.—adj.over-precise.—ns.Prick′-song(Shak.), a song set to music: music in parts;Prick′-spur, a goad-spur;Prick′-the-gar′ter(cf.Fast-and-loose);Prick′-the-louse(Scot.), a tailor. [A.S.pricu, a point; Ger.prickeln, Dut.prikkel, a prickle.]
Pricket, prik′et,n.(Shak.) a buck in his second year.
Pride, prīd,n.state or feeling of being proud: too great self-esteem: haughtiness: overbearing treatment of others: a proper sense of what is becoming to one's self: a feeling of pleasure on account of something worthily done: that of which men are proud: that which excites boasting: elevation, loftiness: beauty displayed, ornament, ostentation: high spirit, mettle: (Shak.) lust.—v.t.to have or take pride: to value, as one's self, &c.—adj.Pride′ful.—adv.Pride′fully.—n.Pride′fulness.—adj.Pride′less. [A.S.prýte—prút, proud.]
Pridian, prid′i-an,adj.pertaining to yesterday. [L.pridie—prius, before,dies, day.]
Prie-dieu, prē-diū′,n.a praying-desk. [Fr.]
Prief, prēf,n.(Spens.) proof, trial, experiment.
Prier,Pryer, prī′er,n.one who pries.
Priest, prēst,n.one who offers sacrifices or officiates in sacred offices: a minister above a deacon and below a bishop: a clergyman:—fem.Priest′ess.—ns.Priest′craft, priestly policy: the schemes of priests to gain wealth or power;Priest′hood, the office or character of a priest: the priestly order.—adjs.Priest′-like,Priest′ly, pertaining to or like a priest.—n.Priest′liness.—adj.Priest′-rid′den, controlled by priests.—High priest, a chief priest, esp. the chief ecclesiastical officer in the ancient Jewish church. [A.S.preóst(O. Fr.prestre, Fr.prêtre)—L.presbyter, an elder.]
Prieve, prēv,v.t.(Spens.) to prove.
Prig, prig,n.a pert fellow who gives himself airs of superior wisdom.—adj.Prig′gish, conceited and affected.—adv.Prig′gishly.—ns.Prig′gishness,Prig′gism. [Fromprick, to adorn.]
Prig, prig,n.a thief.—v.t.(slang) to filch.—v.i.(Scot.) to plead hard, haggle: to cheapen.—ns.Prig′ger;Prig′gery.—adj.Prig′gish.—n.Prig′gism. [Prob. the same asprick, to spur.]
Prill, pril,n.(prov.) a very rich piece of ore.
Prill, pril,v.i.(prov.) to grow sour: to become tipsy.
Prim, prim,adj.exact and precise in manner: affectedly nice.—v.t.to deck with great nicety: to form with affected preciseness:—pr.p.prim′ming;pa.t.andpa.p.primmed.—adv.Prim′ly.—n.Prim′ness. [O. Fr.prim, fem.prime—L.primus,prima, first.]
Primacy, prī′ma-si,n.state of being first in order of time, rank, &c.: the office or dignity of a primate or archbishop.
Prima-donna, prē′ma-don′a,n.the first or leading female singer in an opera. [It.,—L.prima domina.]
Prima facie, prī′ma fÄ′shi-Ä“, at first view or sight.—Prima facie case(law), a case established by sufficient evidence: a case consisting of evidence sufficient to go to a jury. [L.prima, abl. fem. ofprimus, first,facie, abl. offacies, a face.]
Primage, prÄ«m′Äj,n.an allowance to the captain of a vessel by the shipper or consignee of goods for care in lading the same (hat-money): amount or percentage of water carried from a boiler in priming. [Prime, first.]
Primary, prī′mar-i,adj.first: original: chief: primitive: elementary, preparatory.—n.that which is highest in rank or importance: a planet in relation to its satellite or satellites.—adv.Prī′marily.—ns.Prī′mariness, the state of being first in time, act, or intention;Prī′mary-ac′cent, the accent immediately after a bar in music.—ns.pl.Prī′mary-col′ours, the colours obtained by passing the sun's rays through a prism: the colours of the rainbow—red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet;Prī′mary-plan′ets, planets revolving round the sun—not satellites;Prī′mary-quills, the largest feathers of a bird's wing;Prī′mary-rocks, the rocks which seem to have been first formed and contain no animal remains, as granites, &c.
Primate, prī′mÄt,n.the first or highest dignitary in a church: an archbishop.—n.Prī′mÄteship.—adj.PrimÄ′tial.
Prime, prīm,adj.first in order of time, rank, or importance: chief: excellent: original: early: in early manhood: (Shak.) eager, bold: (math.) incapable of being separated into factors.—n.the beginning: the dawn: the spring: the best part: the height of perfection: full health and strength: a religious service during the first hour after sunrise: (fencing) the first guard against sword-thrusts, also the first and simplest thrust.—adj.Prī′mal, first: original: chief.—n.Primal′ity.—adv.Prime′ly.—ns.Prime′-min′ister, the chief minister of state;Prime′-mov′er, the force which puts a machine in motion: a steam-engine or a water-wheel;Prime′ness;Prime′-num′ber, a first number—i.e. one divisible only by itself or unity.—Prime cost(seeCost). [L.prīmus(forpro-i-mus).]
Prime, prīm,v.t.to put powder on the nipple of a firearm: to lay on the first coating of colour: to instruct or prepare beforehand.—v.i.to serve for the charge of a gun: in the steam-engine, to carry over hot water with the steam from the boiler into the cylinder.—ns.Prī′mer;Prī′ming;Prī′ming-pow′der, detonating powder: train of powder connecting a fuse with a charge. [Prime(adj.).]
Primer, prim′ėr, or prī′mer,n.a first book: a work of elementary religious instruction: a first reading-book: an elementary introduction to any subject: a kind of type of two species,long-primer(10 point) andgreat-primer(18 point). [Orig. a small prayer-book.]
Primero, pri-mÄ′rÅ,n.an old game at cards. [Sp.]
Primeval, prī-mē′val,adj.belonging to the first ages: original: primitive.—adv.Primē′vally. [L.primævus—primus, first,ævum, an age.]
Primigenial, prī-mi-jē′ni-al,adj.first-born or made: primary: constituent—alsoPrimogē′nial.—adjs.Primig′enous,Primigē′nious, first formed;Primogen′ital(obs.),Primogen′itary,Primogen′itive, of or belonging to primogeniture.—ns.Primogen′itor, the first begetter or father: a forefather;Primogen′iture, state of being born first of the same parents: (law) the right of the eldest son to inherit his father's estates;Primogen′itureship. [Fr.,—L.primo-genitus, first-born—primus, first,gignĕre,genitum, to beget.]
Primitiæ, pri-mish′i-ē,n.pl.first-fruits offered to the gods—alsoPrimi′tias(Spens.): the first year's revenue of a benefice. [L.,—primus, first.]
Primitive, prim′i-tiv,adj.belonging to the beginning, or to the first times: original: ancient: antiquated, old-fashioned: not derived: (biol.) rudimentary, primary or first of its kind: (geol.) of the earliest formation.—n.a primitive word, or one not derived from another: (math.) a form from which another is derived.—ns.pl.Prim′itive-col′ours, the colours from which all others are supposed to be derived—viz. red, yellow, and blue;Prim′itive-fa′thers, the Christian writers before the Council of Nice, 325A.D.—adv.Prim′itively.—n.pl.Prim′itive-Meth′odists, a religious body founded in 1810, whose beliefs are the same as those of other Methodists, but whose working arrangements are nearly Presbyterian.—n.Prim′itiveness.—n.pl.Prim′itive-rocks(seePrimary-rocks). [Fr.,—L.primitivus, an extension ofprimus.]
Primo, prē′mÅ,n.(mus.) the first or principal part.
Primordial, prī-mor′di-al,adj.first in order: original: existing from the beginning: (anat.) in a rudimentary state: (bot.) first formed, as leaves or fruit.—n.first principle or element.—ns.Primor′dialism;Primor′dium. [L.primus, first,ordo, order.]
Primp, primp,v.t.(Scot.) to dress in an affected manner.—v.i.to be affected. [Prink.]
Primrose, prim′rÅz,n.an early spring flower common in woods and meadows: a plant of the genusPrimula: (Spens.) the first or earliest flower, the first or choicest.—adj.resembling a primrose in colour: flowery, gay.—Primrose League, a political association for the spread of Conservative opinions—formed in 1883 in memory of Lord Beaconsfield, whose favourite flower is said to have been theprimrose. [Fr.prime rose—as if L.prima rosa; really through O. Fr.primeroleand Low L. dim. forms from L.primus.]
Primsie, prim′si,adj.(Scot.) prim, demure.
Primula, prim′ū-la,n.the genus of plants to which the primrose belongs. [L.primus, first.]
Primum mobile, prī′mummob′i-lē,in the Ptolemaic system the outermost of the ten revolving spheres of the universe, supposed to carry the others with it: any great source of motion. [L.]
Primus, prī′mus,n.the bishop in the Scottish Episcopal Church who presides over the meetings of the other bishops, but without metropolitan authority.
Primy, prī′mi,adj.(Shak.) blooming.
Prince, prins,n.one of the highest rank: a sovereign: son of a king or emperor: a title of nobility, as in Germany: the chief of any body of men:—fem.Prin′cess.—v.i.to play the prince (usually withit).—ns.Prince′-bish′op, a bishop who was also the civil ruler or prince of his diocese;Prince′-Con′sort, the husband of a reigning queen;Prince′dom, the estate, jurisdiction, sovereignty, or rank of a prince;Prince′hood, rank or quality of a prince;Prince′-Impē′rial, the eldest son of an emperor;Prince′kin,Prince′let,Prince′ling, a little or inferior prince.—adj.Prince′-like, becoming a prince.—n.Prince′liness.—adj.Prince′ly, prince-like: becoming a prince: grand: august: regal.—adv.in a prince-like manner.—adv.Prin′cessly, like a princess.—n.Prin′cess-Roy′al, the eldest daughter of a sovereign.—adj.Prin′cified, ridiculously dignified.—n.Mer′chant-prince, a merchant who has gained great wealth.—Prince of darkness,Prince of this world, Satan;Prince of Peace, Christ: the Messiah;Prince of Wales, the eldest son of the British sovereign;Prince Rupert's drops(seeDrop);Prince's feather, a tall showy annual with spikes of rose-coloured flowers;Prince's metal, a gold-like alloy of 70 parts of copper and 25 of zinc. [Fr.,—L.princeps—primus, first,capĕre, to take.]
Princeps, prin′seps,n.one who, or that which, is foremost, original, &c.: short foreditio princeps, the first edition of a book. [L.]
Princesse, prin-ses′,adj.of a woman's garment, close-fitting, the skirt and waist in one, and undraped. [Fr.]
Principal, prin′si-pal,adj.taking the first place: highest in rank, character, or importance: chief.—n.a principal person or thing: a head, as of a school or college: one who takes a leading part: money on which interest is paid: (archit.) a main beam or timber: (law) the person who commits a crime, or one who aids and abets him in doing it: a person for whom another becomes surety, a person who, beingsui juris, employs another to do an act which he is competent himself to do: (mus.) an organ-stop: (Shak.) the principal rafter.—n.Principal′ity, supreme power: the territory of a prince or the country which gives title to him: (B.) a prince: (obs.) a power: (pl.) an order of angels, the seventh in the hierarchy of Dionysius.—adv.Prin′cipally.—ns.Prin′cipalness, the state of being principal or chief;Prin′cipalship, position of a principal;Prin′cipate, primary: a principality, esp. the office of the ancient Roman emperors. [L.principalis.]
Principia, prin-sip′i-a,n.pl.first principles: elements, used often as the contracted title of the 'Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica' of Newton.—adj.Princip′ial, elementary. [L., pl. ofprincipium.]
Principle, prin′si-pl,n.a fundamental truth on which others are founded or from which they spring: a law or doctrine from which others are derived: an original faculty of the mind: a settled rule of action: (chem.) a constituent part: (obs.) a beginning.—v.t.to establish in principles: to impress with a doctrine.—adj.Prin′cipled, holding certain principles.—Principle of contradiction, the logical principle that a thing cannot both be and not be;Principle of excluded middle(logic), the principle that a thing must be either one thing or its contradictory;Principle of sufficient reason(seeReason).—First principle, a very general principle not deducible from others. [L.principium, beginning—princeps.]
Princock, prin′kok,n.(Shak.) a conceited fellow: a coxcomb.—AlsoPrin′cox.
Prink, pringk,v.t.to adorn ostentatiously.—n.Prink′er. [Weakened fromprank.]
Print, print,v.t.to press or impress: to mark by pressure: to impress letters on paper, &c.: to publish: (phot.) to produce a positive picture from a negative.—v.i.to practise the art of printing: to publish a book.—n.a mark or character made by impression: the impression of types in general: a copy: a printed picture: an engraving: a newspaper: a printed cloth: calico stamped with figures: that which impresses its form on anything: a cut, in wood or metal: (archit.) a plaster-cast in low relief.—ns.Print′er, one who prints, esp. books, newspapers, &c.;Print′ing, act, art, or practice of printing;Print′ing-ink, ink used in printing;Print′ing-machine′, a printing-press worked by machinery;Print′ing-off′ice, an establishment where books, &c., are printed;Print′ing-pÄ′per, a paper suitable for printing purposes;Print′ing-press, a machine by which impressions are taken in ink upon paper from types.—adj.Print′less, receiving or leaving no impression.—ns.Print′-sell′er, one who sells prints or engravings;Print′-shop, a shop where prints are sold;Print′-works, an establishment where cloth is printed.—Printer's devil(seeDevil);Printer's ink(same asPrinting-ink);Printer's mark, an engraved device used by printers as a trade-mark.—In print, published in printed form: in stock, as opposed to books which cannot now be got—Out of print. [Shortened from O. Fr.empreindre,empreint—L.imprimÄ•re—in, into,premÄ•re, to press.]
Prior, prī′or,adj.former: previous: coming before in time.—n.the head of a priory: (in Italy) formerly a chief magistrate:—fem.Prī′oress.—ns.Prī′orÄte,Prī′orship, the government or office of a prior: the time during which a prior is in office;Prior′ity, state of being prior or first in time, place, or rank: preference;Prī′ory, a convent of either sex, under a prior or prioress, and next in rank below an abbey. [L.prior, former, comp. frompro-, in front.]
Prisage, prī′zÄj,n.formerly a right of the English kings to seize for crown purposes, esp. that of taking two tuns of wine from every ship importing twenty tuns or more. [O. Fr.,—prise, taking.]
Prise, prīz,n.(Spens.) an enterprise or adventure.
Priser, prīz′ėr,n.(Shak.). Same asPrizer.
Prism, prizm,n.(geom.) a solid whose ends are similar, equal, and parallel planes, and whose sides are parallelograms: (opt.) a solid glass, triangular-shaped body, used for resolving rays of light into their separate colours.—adjs.Prismat′ic,-al, resembling or pertaining to a prism: separated or formed by a prism.—adv.Prismat′ically.—ns.Pris′matoid,Pris′moid, a figure in the form of a prism.—adjs.Pris′matoidal,Pris′moidal;Pris′my, prismatic in colour. [L.,—Gr.prisma,-atos.]
Prison, priz′n,n.a building for the confinement of criminals, &c.: a jail: any place of confinement.—v.t.to shut in prison, restrain.—n.pl.Pris′on-bars, whatever confines or restrains.—ns.Pris′oner, one arrested or confined in prison: a captive;Pris′oner's-,Pris′on-base, a game among boys, in which those who are caught in a certain way are confined as prisoners—a corr. ofprison-bars;Pris′on-fē′ver, typhus-fever;Pris′on-house, place of confinement;Pris′onment(Shak.), confinement in a prison—usuallyimprisonment;Pris′on-ship;Pris′on-van, a closed conveyance for carrying prisoners.—State prisoner, one confined for a political offence in a state prison. [Fr.,—L.prensio,-onis, forprehensio, a seizing—prehendĕre,-hensum, to seize.]
Pristine, pris′tin,adj.as at first: former: belonging to the earliest time: ancient. [O. Fr.,—L.pristinus; cf.priscus, antique,prior, former.]
Prithee, prith′ē, a corruption ofI pray thee.
Prittle-prattle, prit′l-prat′l,n.empty talk.
Privacy, prī′va-si, orpriv′-,n.state of being private or retired from company or observation: a place of seclusion: retreat: retirement: secrecy.
Privat docent, prÄ“-vat′dÅ-tsent′,n.a teacher in connection with a German university, without share in its government or endowment, only receiving fees. [Ger.,—L.privatus, private,docens,-entis, teaching,docÄ“re, to teach.]
Private, prī′vÄt,adj.apart from the state: not invested with public office: peculiar to one's self: belonging to an individual person or company: not public: retired from observation: secret: not publicly known: not holding a commission.—n.a common soldier: (Shak.) a person without public office, a secret message, privacy, retirement.—adv.Prī′vately.—n.Prī′vateness.—Private act, &c., an act, &c., which deals with the concerns of private persons—opp. toGeneral act, &c.;Private judgment, the judgment of an individual, esp. on the meaning of a passage or doctrine of Scripture, as distinguished from the interpretation of the church;Private law, that part of law which deals with the rights and duties of persons quâ individuals;Private legislation, legislation affecting the interests of private persons;Private parts, the sexual organs;Private property,rights, the property, rights of individual persons, as distinguished from that which belongs to a public body and is devoted to public use;Private trust, a trust managed in the interest of private parties;Private wrong, an injury done to an individual in his private capacity.—In private, privately, in secret;The private(obs.), the private life of individuals. [L.privatus, pa.p. ofprivÄre, to separate—privus, single.]
Privateer, prī-va-tēr′,n.an armed private vessel commissioned by a government to seize and plunder an enemy's ships: the commander of a privateer.—v.i.to cruise in a privateer: to fit out privateers.—ns.Privateer′ing;Privateer′sman.
Privation, prÄ«-vÄ′shun,n.state of being deprived of something, esp. of what is necessary for comfort: destitution: (logic) absence of any quality: (obs.) degradation or suspension from an office.—adj.Priv′ative, causing privation: consisting in the absence of something.—n.that which is privative or depends on the absence of something else: (logic) a term denoting the absence of a quality: (gram.) a prefix denoting absence or negation.—adv.Priv′atively.—n.Priv′ativeness. [L.; cf.Private.]
Privet, priv′et,n.a half-evergreen European shrub used for hedges. [Perh.primet—prim.]
Privilege, priv′i-lej,n.an advantage to an individual: a right enjoyed only by a few: freedom from burdens borne by others: prerogative: a sacred and vital civil right: (Shak.) superiority.—v.t.to grant a privilege to: to exempt: to authorise, license.—adj.Priv′ileged.—Breach of privilege, any interference with or slight done to the rights or privileges of a legislative body;Question of privilege, any question arising out of the rights of an assembly or of its members;Writ of privilege, an order for the release of a person from custody. [Fr.,—L.privilegium—privus, single,lex,legis, a law.]
Privy, priv′i,adj.private: pertaining to one person: for private uses: secret: appropriated to retirement: admitted to the knowledge of something secret.—n.(law) a person having an interest in an action: a necessary house.—adv.Priv′ily, privately: secretly.—ns.Priv′ity, secrecy: something kept private: knowledge, shared with another, of something private or confidential: knowledge implying concurrence: relation between different interests, as, for example, in feudal tenure the interests of several persons in the same land, the mutual relationships of contractor and contractee, the relation caused by common knowledge in breaches of contract: (obs.) seclusion, intimacy;Priv′y-cham′ber, private apartment in a royal residence;Priv′y-coun′cil, the private council of a sovereign to advise in the administration of government;Priv′y-coun′cillor, a member of the privy-council;Priv′y-purse, the purse or money for the private or personal use of the sovereign;Priv′y-seal,-sig′net, the seal used by or for the king in subordinate matters, or those which are not to pass the great seal;Priv′y-ver′dict, a verdict given to a judge out of court.—Gentlemen ushers of the privy-chamber, four officials in the royal household who attend certain court ceremonies. [Fr.privé—L.privatus, private.]
Prize,Prise, prīz,v.t.to force open by means of a lever. [Fr.; cf.Prize, below.]
Prize, prīz,n.that which is taken or gained by competition: anything taken from an enemy in war: (hunting) the note of the trumpet blown at the capture of the game: a captured vessel: that which is won in a lottery: anything offered for competition: a gain: a reward: (Shak.) a competition.—adj.worthy of a prize: to which a prize is given.—adjs.Priz′able,-eable, valuable.—ns.Prize′-court, a court for judging regarding prizes made on the high seas;Prize′-fight, a combat in which those engaged fight for a prize or wager;Prize′-fight′er, a boxer who fights publicly for a prize;Prize′-fight′ing;Prize′-list, recorded of the winners in a competition;Prize′man;Prize′-mon′ey, share of the money or proceeds from any prizes taken from an enemy;Priz′er(Shak.), one who competes for a prize;Prize′-ring, a ring for prize-fighting: the practice itself. [Fr.prise—pris, taken, pa.p.prendre—L.prehendĕre, to seize.]
Prize, prīz,v.t.to set a price on: to value: to value highly.—n.valuation, estimate.—n.Priz′er(Shak.), an appraiser. [Fr.priser—O. Fr.pris, price (Fr.prix)—L.pretium, price.]
Pro, prÅ, Latin prep. meaning before, used in English in many phrases.—Pro and con, abbrev. ofpro et contra, for and against.—v.i.to consider impartially.—n.pl.Pros and cons, arguments for and against an opinion.—Pro bono publico, for the public good.
Proa, prÅ′a,n.a small and swift Malay sailing-vessel, with both ends equally sharp. [Malayprau.]
Probable, prob′a-bl,adj.that can be proved: having more evidence for than against: giving ground for belief: likely: (Shak.) plausible.—n.probable opinion.—ns.Probabil′iorist;Prob′abilism(R.C. theol.), the doctrine in casuistry that of two probable opinions, both reasonable, one may follow his own inclination, as a doubtful law cannot impose a certain obligation—opp. toProbabil′iorism, according to which it is lawful to follow one's inclination only when there is a more probable opinion in its favour;Prob′abilist;Probabil′ity, quality of being probable: appearance of truth: that which is probable: chance or likelihood of something happening:—pl.Probabil′ities.—adv.Prob′ably.—adj.PrÅ′bal(Shak.), probable.—Probable cause, a reasonable ground that an accusation is true;Probable error, a quantity assumed as the value of an error, such that the chances of the real error being greater are equal to those of it being less than this quantity;Probable evidence, evidence not conclusive, but admitting of some degree of force. [Fr.,—L.probabilis—probÄre,-Ätum, to prove.]
Probang, prÅ′bang,n.an instrument for pushing obstructions down the Å“sophagus of a choking animal.
Probate, prÅ′bÄt,n.the proof before a competent court that a written paper purporting to be the will of a person who has died is indeed his lawful act: the official copy of a will, with the certificate of its having been proved: the right or jurisdiction of proving wills.—adj.relating to the establishment of wills and testaments.—Probate court, a court created in 1858 to exercise jurisdiction in matters touching the succession to personal estate;Probate duty, a tax on property passing by will. [Cf.Probable.]
Probation, prÅ-bÄ′shun,n.act of proving: any proceeding to elicit truth, &c.: trial: time of trial: moral trial: noviciate.—adjs.ProbÄ′tional,ProbÄ′tionary, relating to probation or trial.—n.ProbÄ′tioner, one who is on probation or trial: (Scot.) one licensed to preach, but not ordained to a pastorate.—adjs.PrÅ′bative,PrÅ′batory, serving for proof or trial: relating to proof.—n.ProbÄ′tor, an examiner.—The doctrine of future probation, the doctrine that the gospel will be preached in another life to the unregenerate dead or to those who never heard it in life. [Fr.,—L.]
Probatum est, prÅ-bÄ′tum est, it has been proved. [L., 3d sing. perf. indic. pass. ofprobÄre, to prove.]
Probe, prÅb,n.a proof or trial: a long, thin instrument for examining a wound, &c.: that which tries or probes.—v.t.to examine with or as with a probe: to examine thoroughly.—n.pl.Probe′-sciss′ors, scissors used to open wounds, the blade having a button at the end. [L.probÄre, to prove.]
Probity, prob′i-ti,n.uprightness: honesty: virtue that has been tested. [Fr.,—L.probitas,probus, good.]
Problem, prob′lem,n.a matter difficult of settlement or solution: (geom.) a proposition in which something is required to be done.—adjs.Problemat′ic,-al, of the nature of a problem: questionable: doubtful.—adv.Problemat′ically.—v.i.Prob′lematise. [Fr.,—L.,—Gr.problēma—pro, before,ballein, to throw.]
Proboscis, prÅ-bos′is,n.the trunk of some animals, as the elephant, for conveying food to the mouth: anything like a trunk:—pl.Probos′cides.—adjs.Probos′cidÄte;Proboscid′ean, having a proboscis.—n.a mammal of theProboscidea.—n.Probos′cis-monk′ey, a monkey of Borneo, having a long mobile and retractile nose. [L.,—Gr.proboskis, a trunk—pro, in front,boskein, to feed.]
Procacity, prÅ-kas′i-ti,n.petulance.—adj.ProcÄ′cious.
Procathedral, prÅ-ka-thē′dral,n.a church used temporarily as a cathedral.
Proceed, prÅ-sÄ“d′,v.i.to go forward: to advance: to act according to a method: to go from point to point: to issue: to be produced: to prosecute: to take an academic degree: (Shak.) to be transacted, done.—ns.Procē′dure, the act of proceeding or moving forward: a step taken or an act performed: progress: process: conduct;Proceed′er, one who goes forward or makes progress;Proceed′ing, a going forward: progress: step: operation: transaction: (pl.) a record of the transactions of a society: (Shak.) advancement.—n.pl.Pro′ceeds, the money arising from anything: rent: produce.—Special proceeding, a judicial proceeding other than an action, as, for example, a writ of mandamus;Summary proceedings, certain statutory remedies taken without the formal bringing of an action by process and pleading. [Fr.procéder—L.procedÄ•re—pro, before,cedÄ•re,cessum, to go.]
Proceleusmatic, pros-e-lūs-mat′ik,adj.inciting, encouraging.—n.in ancient prosody, a foot consisting of four short syllables. [Gr.,—prokeleuein, to incite before—pro, before,keleuein, to order.]
Procellaria, pros-e-lÄ′ri-a,n.a Linnæan genus of petrels.
Procephalic, prÅ-se-fal′ik, orprÅ-sef′a-lik,adj.of or pertaining to the forepart of the head.—Procephalic lobes, two lobes in the embryo of the Podophthalmia which develop into the anterior parts of the head. [Gr.pro, before,kephalÄ“, head.]
Procerebrum, prÅ-ser′ē-brum,n.the fore-brain, consisting of the cerebral hemispheres, corpora striata, and olfactory lobes.—adj.Procer′ebral. [L.pro, before,cerebrum, brain.]
Procerite, pros′e-rīt,n.the last segment of the antennæ in the Crustacea. [Gr.pro, before,keras, a horn.]
Procerity, prÅ-ser′i-ti,n.tallness, loftiness.—adj.Procē′rous, tall. [L.,—procÄ“rus, tall.]
Procès, prÅ-sÄ′,n.a law-suit: a trial.—Procès verbal, a written account of facts in connection with a trial or other proceeding. [Fr.]
Process, pros′es, or prÅ-,n.a gradual progress: manner of acting or happening: operation: the whole proceedings in an action or prosecution: series of measures: a projection on a bone or plant (alsoProces′sus): the same as photo-process, the reproduction as a drawing, &c., by any mechanical (esp. photographic) process: (Shak.) a narrative, account.—v.t.to proceed against by legal process: to produce a reproduction of a drawing as above.—n.Proc′ess-serv′er(Shak.), a bailiff. [Fr.procès—L.processus.]
Procession, prÅ-sesh′un,n.the act of proceeding: a train of persons in a formal march.—adj.Proces′sional, pertaining to a procession: consisting in a procession.—n.a book of the processions of the Romish Church: a hymn sung during a procession, esp. of clergy in a church.—n.Proces′sionalist.—adj.Proces′sionary.—ns.Proces′sioner(U.S.), a county officer in Tennessee and North Carolina whose duty it is to survey lands;Proces′sioning(U.S.), periodical survey and inspection of boundaries.—Procession of the Holy Ghost(theol.), the emanation of the Holy Spirit from the Father (single procession), or from the Father and Son (double procession). [Fr.,—L.]
Prochein, prÅ′shen,adj.next, nearest.—Prochein ami,amy, next friend, one who undertakes to assist a minor in prosecuting his or her rights. [Fr.,—L.proximus, nearest.]
Prochronism, prÅ′kron-izm,n.a dating of an event before the right time: a making earlier than it really was—opp. toParachronism. [Gr.pro, before,chronos, time.]
Procidence, pros′i-dens,n.a falling down, a prolapsus.—adjs.Proc′ident;Procid′uous, falling from its proper place.
Procinct, prÅ-singkt′,n.(Milt.) complete preparation. [L.,pro, before,cingÄ•re,cinctum, to gird.]
Proclaim, prÅ-klÄm′,v.t.to cry aloud: to publish abroad: to announce officially.—ns.Proclaim′;Proclaim′ant;Proclaim′er;ProclamÄ′tion, the act of proclaiming: official notice given to the public.—Proclaimed district, a district in which some unusually strict law is brought into force by a form of proclamation. [Fr.proclamer—L.proclamÄre—pro, out,clamÄre, to cry.]
Proclitic, prÅ-klit′ik,adj.dependent in accent upon the following word.—n.a monosyllabic word which depends so much on the following word as to lose its accent. [Gr.pro, forward,klinein, lean.]
Proclivity, prÅ-kliv′i-ti,n.an inclining forward: tendency: inclination: aptitude.—adjs.Proclive′, inclining to a thing: having a natural tendency: prone;Proclī′vous, slanting forward and downward. [L.proclivitas—proclivus, having a slope forward—pro, forward,clivus, a slope.]
ProcÅ“lian, prÅ-sē′li-an,adj.hollowed or cupped in front.—AlsoProcœ′lous. [Gr.pro, before,koilos, hollow.]
Proconsul, prÅ-kon′sul,n.a Roman official having the authority of a consul without his office: the governor of a province.—adj.Procon′sular, pertaining to, or under the government of, a proconsul.—ns.Procon′sulate,Procon′sulship, the office, or term of office, of a proconsul.
Procrastinate, prÅ-kras′ti-nÄt,v.t.to put off till some future time: to postpone.—v.i.to delay.—n.ProcrastinÄ′tion, a putting off till a future time: dilatoriness.—adjs.Procras′tinÄtive,Procras′tinÄtory.—n.Procras′tinÄtor. [L.—pro, off,crastinus—cras, to-morrow.]
Procreate, prÅ′krÄ“-Ät,v.t.to bring into being: to generate: to propagate: to produce.—n.PrÅ′creant, one who, or that which, procreates or generates.—adj.procreating, connected with or related to reproduction.—n.ProcreÄ′tion, the act of procreating: generation: production.—adj.PrÅ′creÄtive, having the power to procreate: generative: productive.—ns.PrÅ′creÄtiveness;PrÅ′creÄtor, one who procreates: a father. [L.procreÄre,-Ätum—pro, forth,creÄre, to produce.]
Procrustean, prÅ-krus′tÄ“-an,adj.violently making conformable to a standard—fromProcrustes, a Greek robber, who stretched or cut a piece off the legs of his captives, so as to fit them to an iron bed.
Proctalgia, prok-tal′ji-a,n.pain of the anus or rectum.—n.Proctī′tis, inflammation thereof. [Gr.proktos, the anus,algos, pain.]
Proctor, prok′tor,n.a procurator or manager for another: an attorney in the spiritual courts: a representative of the clergy in Convocation: an official in the English universities who attends to the morals of the students and enforces university regulations.—ns.Proc′torage,Proc′torship.—adj.ProctÅ′rial, pertaining to a proctor: magisterial.—v.t.Proc′torise(slang), in the English universities, to summon before a proctor. [Procurator.]
Proctucha, prok-tū′ka,n.pl.a group of the Turbellaria in which the digestive canal is furnished with an anal aperture.—adj.Proctū′chous. [Gr.prÅktos, the anus,echein, to have.]
Procumbent, prÅ-kum′bent,adj. leaning forward: lying down or on the face: (bot.) trailing: without putting out roots, as a stem. [L.pro, forward,cumbÄ•re, to lie down.]
Procure, prÅ-kÅ«r′,v.t.to obtain for one's self or for another: to bring about: to attract: (Spens.) to urge earnestly.—v.i.to pander, pimp.—adj.Procur′able, that may be procured.—ns.Pro′curÄcy, office of a procurator;ProcurÄ′tion, the act of managing another's affairs: the instrument giving power to do this: a sum paid by incumbents to the bishop or archdeacon on visitations;Proc′urÄtor, one who takes care of a thing for another: a lawyer: a financial agent in an imperial province under the Roman emperors;Proc′urator-fis′cal(seeFiscal).—adj.ProcuratÅ′rial.—n.Proc′uratorship.—adj.Proc′urÄtory.—ns.Procure′ment, the act of procuring: a bringing about: management: agency;Procur′er, one who procures: a pander:—fem.Proc′uress. [Fr.procurer—L.procurÄre, to manage—pro, for,curÄre,-Ätum, to care for.]
Procureur, prÅ-kü-rer′,n.a procurator.—Procureur général(French law), the public prosecutor-in-chief.
Procyonidæ, prÅ-si-on′i-dÄ“,n.pl.an American family of plantigrade carnivorous mammals, including raccoons and coatis. [Gr.pro, before,kyÅn, a dog.]
Prod, prod,n.a goad, awl: a prick or punch with a pointed instrument.—v.t.to prick. [Perh.brod.]
Prodigal, prod′i-gal,adj.spending without necessity: wasteful: lavish: profuse.—n.one who throws away without necessity: a waster: a spendthrift.—v.t.Prod′igalise,Prod′igÄte, to spend lavishly, waste.—n.Prodigal′ity, state or quality of being prodigal: extravagance: profusion: great liberality.—adv.Prod′igally, wastefully. [Fr.,—L.prodigus—prodigÄ•re, to squander—pro, forth,agÄ•re, to drive.]
Prodigy, prod′i-ji,n.a portent: any person or thing that causes great wonder: a wonder: a monster.—adj.Prodig′ious, like a prodigy: astonishing: more than usually large in size or degree: monstrous.—adv.Prodig′iously.—n.Prodig′iousness. [Fr.prodige—L.prodigium, a prophetic sign—pro, before,dicĕre, to say.]
Proditor, prod′i-tor,n.a traitor. [L.,—prodĕre,-itum, to betray—pro, forth,dăre, to give.]
Prodromus, prod′rÅ-mus,n.a sign of approaching disease: a preliminary course or treatise:—pl.Prod′romi(-Ä«).—adj.Prodrom′ic. [Gr.]
Produce, prÅ-dÅ«s′,v.t.to bring forward: to make longer: to bring forth: to bear: to exhibit: to yield: to bring about: to cause: (geom.) to extend.—v.i.to yield: to create value.—ns.Prod′uce, that which is produced: product: proceeds: crops: yield;Prod′uce-brok′er, a dealer in natural products, esp. foreign or colonial;Produc′er;Producibil′ity.—adj.Produc′ible, that may be produced: that may be generated or made: that may be exhibited.—n.Produc′ibleness.—adj.Produc′tile, capable of being drawn out in length. [L.producÄ•re,-ductum—pro, forward,ducÄ•re, to lead.]
Product, prod′ukt,n.that which grows or is produced: work: composition: effect: (arith.) the result of numbers multiplied together: (Milt.) offspring.—v.t.Product′(rare), to produce.—ns.Productibil′ity, capability of being produced;Produc′tion, act of producing: that which is produced: fruit: product: (pol. econ.) creation of values: (zool.) extension, protrusion: (pl.) in Scots law, written documents produced in support of the action or defence.—adj.Produc′tive, having the power to produce: generative: fertile: efficient.—adv.Produc′tively.—ns.Produc′tiveness,Productiv′ity.
Proem, prÅ′em,n.an introduction: a prelude: a preface.—adj.Proē′mial. [Fr.proème—L.proÅ“mium—Gr.prooimion—pro, before,oimos, a way.]
Proembryo, prÅ-em′bri-Å,n.a cellular structure produced from the spore of some plants, from which the embryo arises.
Proemptosis, prÅ-emp-tÅ′sis,n.the addition of a day to a calendar or cycle, to correct error. [Gr.]
Proface, prÅ′fas,interj.(Shak.) may it profit you!—a phrase of welcome. [O. Fr.,—prou, profit,face,fasse, 3d pers. sing. pres. subj. offaire, to do.]
Profane, prÅ-fÄn′,adj.not sacred: common: secular: speaking or acting in contempt of sacred things: uninitiated: impious: impure.—v.t.to violate anything holy: to abuse anything sacred: to put to a wrong use: to pollute: to debase.—n.ProfanÄ′tion, desecration: irreverence to what is holy: a treating of anything with disrespect.—adj.Profan′atory.—adv.Profane′ly.—ns.Profane′ness;ProfÄn′er;Profan′ity, irreverence: that which is profane: profane language or conduct. [Fr.,—L.profanus—pro, before,fanum, a temple.]
Profectitious, prÅ-fek-tish′us,adj.derived from an ancestor or ancestors. [Low L.,—L.proficisci,profectus, to proceed.]
Profess, prÅ-fes′,v.t.to own freely: to make open declaration of: to declare in strong terms: to announce publicly one's skill in: to affirm one's belief in: (Spens.) to present the appearance of: (R.C.) to receive into a religious order by profession.—v.i.to enter publicly into a religious state: (Shak.) to pretend friendship.—adj.Professed′, openly declared: avowed: acknowledged.—adv.Profess′edly.—n.Profes′sion, the act of professing: open declaration: pretence: an employment not mechanical and requiring some degree of learning: calling or known employment: the collective body of persons engaged in any profession: entrance into a religious order.—adj.Profes′sional, pertaining to a profession: engaged in a profession: undertaken as a means of subsistence, as opposed toAmateur.—n.one who makes his living by an art, as opposed to an amateur who practises it merely for pastime.—n.Profes′sionalism.—adv.Profes′sionally.—ns.Profess′or, one who professes: one who openly declares belief in certain doctrines: one who publicly practises or teaches any branch of knowledge: a public and authorised teacher in a university:—fem.Profess′oress;Profess′orate,ProfessÅ′riÄte, the office of a professor or public teacher: his period of office: body of professors.—adj.ProfessÅ′rial.—adv.ProfessÅ′rially.—n.Profess′orship. [Fr.profès, professed, said of a member of a religious order—L.professus, perf. p. ofprofitÄ“ri—pro, publicly,fatÄ“ri, to confess.]
Proffer, prof′ėr,v.t.to bring forward: to propose: to offer for acceptance.—n.an offer made: a proposal.—n.Proff′erer. [Fr.proférer—L.proferre—pro, forward,ferre, to bring.]
Proficience, prÅ-fish′ens,n.state of being proficient: improvement in anything: advancement—alsoProfi′ciency.—adj.Profi′cient, competent: well skilled: thoroughly qualified.—n.one who has made considerable advancement in anything: an adept: an expert.—adv.Profi′ciently. [L.proficiens,-entis, pr.p. ofproficÄ•re, to make progress—pro, forward,facÄ•re, to make.]
Profile, prÅ′fÄ«l,n.an outline: a head or portrait in a side-view: the side-face: the outline of any object without foreshortening: a vertical section of country to show the elevations and depressions.—v.t.to draw in profile: to make an outline of: (mech.) to give a definite form by chiselling, milling, &c.—ns.PrÅ′filist, one who takes or makes profiles;Profil′ograph, an instrument for automatically recording the profile of the ground it traverses. [It.profilo(Fr.profil)—L.pro, before,filum, a thread.]
Profit, prof′it,n.gain: the gain resulting from the employment of capital: the difference between the selling price and the first cost: advantage: addition to good or value: benefit: improvement.—v.t.to benefit or to be of advantage to: to improve.—v.i.to gain advantage: to receive profit: to improve: to be of advantage: to bring good.—adj.Prof′itable, yielding or bringing profit or gain: lucrative: productive: advantageous: beneficial.—n.Prof′itableness.—adv.Prof′itably.—ns.Prof′iter;Prof′iting, profit, gain, or advantage: (B.) progress or proficiency.—adj.Prof′itless, without profit, gain, or advantage.—adv.Prof′itlessly.—n.Prof′it-shar′ing, a voluntary agreement under which the employee receives a share, fixed beforehand, in the profits of a business.—Profit and loss, gain or loss arising from buying and selling, &c.—Net profits, clear gain after deduction of all outlay and expenses;Rate of profit, the amount of profit compared with the capital used in its production. [Fr.,—L.profectus, progress—proficĕre,profectum, to make progress.]
Profligate, prof′li-gÄt,adj.abandoned to vice: without virtue or decency: dissolute: prodigal: (obs.) overthrown, defeated.—n.one leading a profligate life: one shamelessly vicious: an abandoned person.—ns.Prof′ligacy,Prof′ligateness, state or quality of being profligate: a vicious course of life.—adv.Prof′ligately. [L.profligatus, pa.p. ofprofligÄre—pro, forward,fligÄ•re, to dash.]
Profluent, prof′lū-ent,adj.flowing forth.—n.Prof′luence. [L.pro, forth,fluere, to flow.]
Pro forma, prŠfor′ma, as a matter of form. [L.pro, for,forma, abl. offorma, form.]
Profound, prÅ-fownd′,adj.far below the surface: low: very deep: intense: abstruse: mysterious: occult: intellectually deep: penetrating deeply into knowledge.—n.the sea or ocean: an abyss, great depth.—adv.Profound′ly, deeply: with deep knowledge or insight: with deep concern.—ns.Profound′ness,Profund′ity, the state or quality of being profound: depth of place, of knowledge, &c.: that which is profound. [Fr.profond—L.profundus—pro, forward,fundus, bottom.]
Profunda, prÅ-fun′dä,n.a deep-seated artery, as of the arm, neck, or leg:—pl.Profun′dæ.
Profuse, prÅ-fÅ«s′,adj.liberal to excess: lavish: extravagant.—adv.ProfÅ«se′ly.—ns.ProfÅ«se′ness,Profū′sion, state of being profuse: extravagance: prodigality. [L.profusus, pa.p. ofprofundÄ•re—pro, forth,fundÄ•re, to pour.]
Prog, prog,v.t.to thrust.—v.i.to go about, as if picking and plundering: to beg.—n.a pointed instrument: food got by begging. [Prob. related to W. procio, to stab.]
Progenerate, prÅ-jen′e-rÄt,v.t.to beget.—n.Progen′itor, a forefather: an ancestor: a parent: the founder of a family:—fem.Progen′itress,Progen′itrix.—ns.PrÅgen′iture, a begetting;Prog′eny, that which is brought forth: descendants: race: children. [Fr.,—L.,—pro, before,genitor, a parent,gignÄ•re,genitum, to beget.]
Proglottis, prÅ-glot′is,n.a term applied to the detached segments of the body in theCestoidea:—pl.Proglott′idÄ“s.—adj.Proglott′ic. [Gr.,—pro, before,glÅssa,glÅtta, tongue.]
Prognathous, prog′nÄ-thus,adj.having jaws projecting far forward—alsoPrognath′ic.—n.Prog′nathism. [Gr.pro, forward,gnathos, a jaw.]
Prognosis, prog-nÅ′sis,n.foreknowledge: (med.) the act or art of foretelling the course of a disease from the symptoms: the opinion thus formed.—n.Prognos′tic, a foreshowing: a foretelling: an indication: a presage.—adj.foreknowing: foreshowing: indicating what is to happen by signs or symptoms.—v.t.Prognos′ticÄte, to foreshow: to foretell: to indicate as future by signs.—n.PrognosticÄ′tion, the act of prognosticating or foretelling something future by present signs: a foretoken or previous sign.—adj.Prognos′ticÄtive.—n.Prognos′ticÄtor, a predictor of future events, esp. a weather prophet. [Gr.,—pro, before,gignÅskein, to know.]
Programme,Program, prÅ′gram,n.a public notice in writing: an outline of subjects and the order in which they are to be taken up at a meeting, exhibition, concert, &c.: a preliminary outline.—n.PrÅ′grammer, one who makes up a programme.—Programme music, music meant to give the hearers, by means of instruments, without words, the impressions of scenes and incidents. [Fr.,—L.,—Gr.programma—pro, before,graphein, to write.]
Progress, prog′res,n.a going forward or onward: advance: improvement of any kind: proficiency: course: passage from place to place: procession: a journey of state: a circuit.—v.i.PrÅgress′, to go forward: to make progress: to grow better: to proceed: to advance: to improve.—v.t.(Shak.) to move or push forward.—n.PrÅgres′sion, motion onward: act or state of moving onward: progress: regular and gradual advance: increase or decrease of numbers or magnitudes according to a fixed law: (mus.) a regular succession of chords or the movements of the parts in harmony.—adj.PrÅgres′sional.—ns.PrÅgres′sionist,Prog′ressist, one who believes in the progress of society and its future perfection: one who believes in the development of animals and plants from one simple form.—adj.PrÅgress′ive, progressing or moving forward: advancing gradually: improving.—n.one in favour of reform.—adv.PrÅgress′ively.—n.PrÅgress′iveness.—Arithmetical progression(seeArithmetic);Geometrical progression, a series of numbers or quantities in which each succeeding one is produced bymultiplyingordividingthe preceding one by a fixed number or quantity, as 1, 4, 16, 64, &c., or 18, 6, 2;Harmonic progression(seeHarmonic);Musical progression, the regular succession of chords or the movement of the parts of a musical composition in harmony, where the key continues unchanged. [Fr.,—L.progressus—progredi, to go forward—pro, forward,gradi, to go.]