Pulley.
Pulley, pōōl′i,n.a wheel turning about an axis, and having a groove on its rim in which a cord runs, used for raising weights:—pl.Pull′eys.—ns.Pull′ey-block, a shell containing one or more sheaves, the whole forming a pulley;Pull′ey-shell, the casing of a pulley-block. [M. E.poleyne—Fr.poulain—Low L.pullanus—pullus; acc. to Diez, from Fr.poulie, itself from Eng.pull.]
Pullman-car, pōōl′man-kär,n.a railway sleeping-car or palace-car, first made by George M.Pullman(b. 1831) in America.
Pullulate, pul′ū-lāt,v.i.to germinate, bud.—n.Pullulā′tion. [L.,—pullulus, a young animal, sprout—pullus. Cf.Pullet.]
Pulmonary, pul′mō-nā-ri,adj.pertaining to, or affecting, the lungs: done by the lungs: having lungs: pulmonic.—adj.Pulmobranch′iate, breathing by lung-sacs.—n.Pulmom′eter, an instrument for measuring the capacity of the lungs.—adj.Pulmonā′rious, diseased in the lungs.—n.pl.Pulmonā′ta, an order or sub-class of Gasteropoda, air-breathing.—adjs.Pul′monāte, having lungs, lung-sacs, or lung-like organs;Pulmon′ic, pertaining to or affecting the lungs.—n.a medicine for disease of the lungs: one affected by disease of the lungs.—adj.Pulmonif′erous, provided with lungs.—Pulmonary artery, an artery which brings blood from the heart to the lungs;Pulmonary vein, a vein which brings blood from the lungs to the heart. [L.pulmonarius—pulmo,pulmonis, a lung—Gr.pleumōn,pneumōn, lung.]
Pulp, pulp,n.the soft fleshy part of bodies, e.g. of teeth: marrow: the soft part of plants, esp. of fruits: any soft mass: the soft mass obtained from the breaking and grinding of rags, &c., before it is hardened into paper.—v.t.to reduce to pulp: to deprive of pulp: to separate the pulp.—v.i.to become ripe or juicy, like the pulp of fruit.—ns.Pulp′-en′gine, a machine for converting rags, &c., into pulp;Pulp′ifier, an apparatus for reducing fresh meat to a jelly-like pulp, to aid digestion.—v.t.Pulp′ify, to make into pulp. [Fr.pulpe—L.pulpa, flesh without bones.]
Pulpit, pōōl′pit,n.a platform for speaking from: an elevated or enclosed place in a church where the sermon is delivered: a desk.—adj.belonging to the pulpit.—ns.Pulpiteer′,Pul′piter, one who speaks from a pulpit: a preacher.—adj.Pul′pitish.—The pulpit, preachers or preaching collectively. [Fr.,—L.pulpitum, a stage.]
Pulpous, pulp′us,adj.consisting of, or resembling, pulp: soft.—ns.Pulp′iness;Pulp′ousness.—adj.Pulp′y, like pulp: soft.
Pulque, pōōl′kā,n.a fermented drink, made in Mexico. [Sp., from Mex.]
Pulsate, pul′sāt,v.i.to beat, as the heart or as a vein: to throb.—adj.Pul′satile, that can pulsate, as a wound: that may be struck or beaten, as a drum: played by beating: acting by pulsation.—n.Pulsā′tion, a beating or throbbing: a motion of the heart or pulse: any measured beat: a vibration.—adj.Pul′sative.—n.Pulsā′tor, a pulsometer: a jigging-machine, used in South African diamond-digging.—adj.Pul′satory, beating or throbbing.—n.any musical instrument played by being beaten on. [L.pulsāre,-ātum, to beat, freq. ofpellĕre,pulsum, to drive.]
Pulsatilla, pul-sa-til′a,n.the pasque-flower,Anemone pulsatilla.
Pulse, puls,n.a beating or throbbing: a measured beat or throb: a vibration: the beating of the heart and the arteries: (fig.) feeling, sentiment.—v.i.to beat, as the heart: to throb.—adj.Pulse′less, having no pulsation: without life.—ns.Pulse′lessness;Pulse′-rate, the number of beats of a pulse per minute;Pulse′-wave, the expansion of the artery, moving from point to point, like a wave, as each beat of the heart sends the blood to the extremities.—adj.Pulsif′ic, exciting the pulse.—ns.Pulsim′eter, an instrument for measuring the strength or quickness of the pulse;Pulsom′eter, a pulsimeter: a kind of steam-condensing pump.—Feel one's pulse, to find out by the sense of touch the force of the blood in the arteries: to find out what one is thinking on some point;Public pulse, the movement of public opinion on any question;Quick pulse, a pulse in which the rise of tension is very rapid. [Fr.pouls—L.pulsus—pellĕre,pulsum.]
Pulse, puls,n.grain or seed of beans, pease, &c.—adj.Pultā′ceous, macerated and softened. [L.puls, porridge (Gr.poltos). Cf.Poultice.]
Pulu, pōō′lōō,n.a silky fibre obtained from the Hawaiian tree-ferns, used for stuffing mattresses.
Pulverable, pul′vėr-a-bl,adj.that may be reduced to fine powder—alsoPul′verīsable.—adj.Pulverā′ceous, having a powdery surface.—vs.t.Pul′verate,Pul′verise, to reduce to dust or fine powder.—vs.i.to fall down into dust or powder: to roll or wallow in the dust.—ns.Pul′verine, ashes of barilla;Pulverisā′tion;Pul′verīser.—adj.Pul′verous, consisting of, or like, dust or powder.—n.Pulver′ūlence.—adj.Pulver′ūlent, consisting of fine powder: powdery: dusty. [L.pulvis,pulveris, powder.]
Pulvil, pul′vil,n.a bag of perfumed powder.—AlsoPulvil′io. [It.polviglio—L.pulvillus, a little cushion—pulvinus, a cushion.]
Pulvillar, pul′vi-lär,adj.cushion or pad-like.—adj.Pulvil′liform, like a pulvillus.—n.Pulvil′lus, a foot-pad between the clavi of the terminal tarsal joint of an insect's leg—alsoPulvin′ulus.—adj.Pulvī′nar, padded: formed like a cushion.—n.a pillow or cushion: a peculiar prominence on a part of the human brain.—adjs.Pul′vināte,-d,Pulvin′iform, cushion-shaped. [L.pulvillus,pulvinus, a cushion,pulvinar, a soft couch.]
Pulwar, pul′wär,n.a light keelless boat used on the Ganges.—AlsoPal′war.
Pulza-oil, pul′zä-oil,n.an oil obtained from the seeds ofFatropha Curcas, from the Cape Verd Islands.
Puma, pū′ma,n.a carnivorous animal, of the cat kind, of a reddish-brown colour without spots, called also the American lion. [Peruv.puma.]
Pumice, pum′is, or pū′mis,n.a hard, light, spongy substance, formed of lava, from which gas or steam has escaped while hardening.—v.t.to polish or rub with pumice-stone—alsoPū′micāte.—adjs.Pumi′ceous,Pum′iciform, of or like pumice.—ns.Pum′ice-stone(same asPumice);Pū′my(Spens.), a pebble, stone. [A.S.pumic-(-stán), pumice (-stone)—L.pumex,pumicis, forspumex—spuma, foam—spuĕre. Cf.Spume, andPounce, a fine powder.]
Pummel. Same asPommel.
Pump, pump,n.a machine for raising water and other fluids to a higher level: a machine for drawing out or forcing in air.—v.t.to raise with a pump: to draw out information by artful questions.—v.i.to work a pump: to raise water by pumping.—ns.Pump′age, the amount pumped;Pump′-barr′el, the cylinder which forms the body of a pump.—pa.p.Pumped(coll.), out of breath, panting—sometimes without.—ns.Pump′er;Pump′-gear, the various parts which make up a pump;Pump′-hand′le, the lever by means of which the pump is worked;Pump′-head,-hood, a frame covering the upper wheel of a chain-pump, serving to guide the water into the discharge-spout;Pump′ing-en′gine, any form of motor for operating a pump;Pump′-rod, the rod by which the handle is fixed to the bucket which moves up and down inside;Pump′-room, the apartment at a mineral spring in which the waters are drunk;Pump′-well, a well from which water is got by pumping.—Pump ship, to urinate. [O. Fr.pompe(cf. Ger.pumpe); perh. conn. withplump.]
Pump, pump,n.a thin-soled shoe used in dancing.—adj.Pumped, wearing pumps. [Prob. Fr.pompe, ornament, show, from Teut., cf. Ger.pumphosen, wide pantaloons.]
Pumpernickel, pump′er-nik-el,n.a kind of coarse bread, made of unsifted rye, much used in Westphalia. [Ger., a heavy, stupid fellow, frompumper, a heavy fall,nickel=Nicholas.]
Pumpkin, pump′kin,n.a plant of the gourd family and its fruit.—AlsoPump′ion. [A corr. of O. Fr.pompon—L.pepō—Gr.pepōn, ripe.]
Pumy. SeePumice.
Pun, pun,v.t.(Shak.) to pound. [Cf.Pound.]
Pun, pun,v.i.to play upon words similar in sound but different in meaning so as to produce a ludicrous idea:—pr.p.pun′ning;pa.t.andpa.p.punned.—n.a play upon words.—ns.Pun′nage,Pun′ning, the act or habit of punning. [Ety. dub.; prob. to beat words=pound, to beat, from A.S.punian, to pound.]
Punch, punsh,n.contr. ofPunchinello, a humpbacked, hook-nosed puppet with a squeaking voice, one of the two main actors in the street puppet-show 'Punch and Judy:'Punch, or the LondonCharivari, the chief illustrated English comic journal (begun 17th July 1841). [Through the influence of prov. Eng.punch, a variant ofbunch, thick.]
Punch, punsh,adj.(prov.) short and fat.—n.a short and fat man: a short-legged, round-bodied horse.—adj.Punch′y. [Prob. a variant ofbunch.]
Punch, punsh,n.a drink of five ingredients—spirit, water, sugar, lemon-juice, and spice.—ns.Punch′-bowl, a large bowl for making punch in;Punch′-lād′le, a ladle for filling glasses from a punch-bowl. [Hind.panch, five—Sans.pancha, five.]
Punch, punsh,v.t.to prick or pierce with something sharp or blunt: to make a hole in with a steel tool.—n.a tool either blunt, or hollow and sharp-edged, for stamping or perforating: a kind of awl.—n.Punch′er. [A shortened form ofpuncheon, a tool.]
Punch, punsh,v.t.to strike or hit: to beat with the fist, as one's head.—n.a stroke or blow with the fist, elbow, &c. [Prob. a corr. ofpunish.]
Puncheon, punsh′un,n.a steel tool with a die or a sharp point at one end for stamping or perforating metal plates: a short post or slab of wood with the face smoothed. [O. Fr.poinson—L.punctio,-onis—pungĕre,punctum, to prick.]
Puncheon, punsh′un,n.a cask: a liquid measure of from 72 or 84 to 120 gallons. [O. Fr.poinson, a cask; perh. from the above.]
Punchinello, punsh-i-nel′o,n.the short, hump-backed figure of a puppet-show: a buffoon, any grotesque personage. [It.pulcinello, dim. ofpulcino, a chicken, child—L.pullus, a young animal.]
Punctate,-d, pungk′tāt, -ed,adj.pointed: (bot.) punctured: full of small holes: pitted: dotted.—ns.Punctā′tion;Punctā′tor, one who marks with dots—esp. applied to the Massoretes who invented the Hebrew vowel-points.—adj.Punc′tiform, pointed. [L.punctum—pungĕre,punctum, to prick.]
Punctilio, pungk-til′yo,n.a nice point in behaviour or ceremony: nicety in forms: exact observance of forms.—adj.Punctil′ious, attending to little points or matters: very nice or exact in behaviour or ceremony: exact or punctual to excess.—adv.Punctil′iously.—ns.Punctil′iousness;Punc′to(Shak.), the point, or a blow with it in fencing: a nice point of ceremony. [Sp.puntillo, dim. ofpunto, point—L.punctum, a point.]
Punctual, pungk′tū-al,adj.of or pertaining to a point: observant of nice points: punctilious: exact in keeping time and appointments: done at the exact time.—ns.Punc′tualist;Punctual′ity, quality or state of being punctual: the keeping of the exact time of an appointment: exactness.—adv.Punc′tually.—n.Punc′tualness. [Fr.ponctuel—punctum, a point.]
Punctuate, pungk′tū-āt,v.t.to mark with points: to divide sentences by the usual points or marks: to emphasise.—adv.Punc′tuātim, point for point.—n.Punctuā′tion, the act or art of dividing sentences by points or marks.—adj.Punc′tuātive.—n.Punc′tuātor.—Punctuation marks, the comma, semicolon, colon, period, &c.
Punctum, pungk′tum,n.(anat.) a point, dot.—adjs.Punc′tūlate,-d.—ns.Punctūlā′tion;Punc′tūle;Punc′tūlum.—Punctum cæcum, the point of the retina from which the optic nerve fibres radiate, so called because impervious to light.
Puncture, pungk′tūr,n.a pricking: a small hole made with a sharp point.—v.t.to prick: to pierce with a pointed instrument.—n.Puncturā′tion. [L.punctura—pungĕre, to prick.]
Pundit, pun′dit,n.a person who is learned in the language, science, laws, and religion of India: any learned man. [Hind.pandit—Sans.pandita.]
Pundonor, pun′do-nōr′,n.point of honour. [Sp., contr. ofpunto de honor, point of honour.]
Pungent, pun′jent,adj.sharp: pricking or acrid to taste or smell: keenly touching the mind: painful: keen: sarcastic.—ns.Pun′gency,Pun′gence.—adv.Pun′gently. [L.pungens,-entis, pr.p. ofpungĕre, to prick.]
Punic, pū′nik,adj.pertaining to, or like, the ancient Carthaginians: faithless, treacherous, deceitful.—n.the language of ancient Carthage. [L.Punicus—Pœni, the Carthaginians.]
Puniness, pū′ni-nes,n.the state or quality of being puny or feeble: smallness: pettiness. [Puny.]
Punish, pun′ish,v.t.to cause to pay a penalty: to cause loss or pain to a person for a fault or crime: (coll.) to handle or beat severely, maul: (coll.) to consume a large quantity of: to chasten.—ns.Punishabil′ity,Pun′ishableness.—adj.Pun′ishable, that may be punished—said both of persons and crimes.—ns.Pun′isher;Pun′ishment, act or process of punishing: loss or pain inflicted for a crime or fault: the consequences of a broken law.—adjs.Punitive(pū′ni-tiv),pertaining to punishment: inflicting punishment;Pū′nitory, punishing: tending to punishment. [Fr.punir,punis-sant—L.punīre, to punish—pœna, penalty.]
Punjabee,Punjabi, pun-jä′bē,n.a native or inhabitant of thePunjabin India.
Punk, pungk,n.rotten wood used as tinder: (Shak.) a strumpet. [Spunk.]
Punka,Punkah, pung′ka,n.a large fan for cooling the air of an Indian house, consisting of a light framework covered with cloth and suspended from the ceiling of a room, worked by pulling a cord or by machinery. [Hind.pankha, a fan.]
Punster, pun′stėr,n.one who makes puns.
Punt, punt,n.a flat-bottomed boat with square ends.—v.t.to propel, as a boat, by pushing with a pole against the bottom of a river: to kick the ball (in football) before it touches the ground, when let fall from the hands: to knock.—v.i.to pursue water-fowl in a punt with a punt-gun.—ns.Punt′er;Punt′-fishing, angling from a punt in a pond, river, or lake;Punt′-gun, a heavy gun of large bore used for shooting water-fowl from a punt;Punts′man, a sportsman who uses a punt. [A.S.,—L.ponto, a punt—pons,pontis, a bridge.]
Punt, punt,v.i.to play at basset or ombre.—n.Punt′er, one who marks the points in basset or ombre. [Fr., through Sp.—L.punctum, a point.]
Puntilla, pun-til′a,n.lace-work. [Sp.]
Punto, pun′to,n.(Shak.) a point or hit: a pass or thrust made in fencing.—Punto dritto, a direct or straight hit;Punto riverso, a back-handed stroke. [Sp. and It.punto—L.punctum, a point.]
Puny, pū′ni,adj.(comp.Pū′nier;superl.Pū′niest) small: feeble: petty. [Cf.Puisne.]
Pup, pup,v.t.to bring forth puppies, as a bitch: to whelp:—pr.p.pup′ping;pa.t.andpa.p.pupped.—n.Pup.—Be in pup, to be pregnant, said of dogs. [Puppy.]
Pupa, pū′pa,n.an insect enclosed in a case while passing from the caterpillar to the winged stage: a chrysalis—alsoPūpe:—pl.Pupæ(pū′pē).—adjs.Pū′pal,Pūpā′rial.—n.Pūpā′rium, a pupa included within the last larval skin.—v.i.Pūpāte′, to become a pupa.—n.Pūpā′tion.—adjs.Pū′piform;Pūpig′erous.—n.Pūpip′ara, a division of dipterous insects having pupæ developed within the body of the mother.—adjs.Pūpip′arous;Pūpiv′orous;Pū′poid. [L.pupa, a girl, a doll, fem. ofpupus, a boy, a child; cf.puer, a boy.]
Pupil, pū′pil,n.a little boy or girl: one under the care of a tutor: a scholar: a ward: (law) one under the age of puberty—i.e. under fourteen years for males, and twelve for females.—adj.under age.—ns.Pupilabil′ity(rare), pupilary nature: confidential character;Pū′pilage,Pū′pillage, state of being a pupil: the time during which one is a pupil;Pupilar′ity,Pupillar′ity, the time between birth and puberty.—adjs.Pū′pilary,Pū′pillary, pertaining to a pupil or ward.—Pupil teacher, one who is both a pupil and a teacher. [Fr.pupille—L.pupillus,pupilla, dims. ofpupus, boy,pupa, girl.]
Pupil, pū′pil,n.the round opening in the middle of the eye through which the light passes: the apple of the eye, so called from the baby-like figures seen on it: (zool.) the central dark part of an ocellated spot.—adjs.Pū′pilary,Pū′pillary;Pū′pilate(zool.), having a central spot of another colour.—n.Pupillom′eter, an instrument for measuring the size of the pupil of an eye. [Same as above word.]
Puppet, pup′et,n.a small doll or image moved by wires in a show: a marionette: one who acts just as another tells him.—ns.Pupp′etry, finery, affectation: a puppet-show;Pupp′et-show,-play, a mock show or drama performed by puppets;Pupp′et-valve, a valve like a pot-lid attached to a rod, and used in steam-engines for covering an opening. [O. Fr.poupette, dim. from L.pupa.]
Puppy, pup′i,n.a doll: a young dog: a whelp: a conceited young man.—adj.Pupp′y-head′ed(Shak.), stupid.—n.Pupp′yhood, the condition of being a puppy.—adj.Pupp′yish.—n.Pupp′yism, conceit in men. [Fr.poupée, a doll or puppet—L.pupa.]
Pur. SeePurr.
Purana, pōō-rä′na,n.one of a class of sacred poetical books in Sanscrit literature, forming with the Tantras the main foundation of the actual popular creed of the Brahmanical Hindus.—adj.Puran′ic. [Sans.purāna—purā, ancient.]
Purblind, pur′blīnd,adj.nearly blind, near-sighted: (orig.) wholly blind.—adv.Pur′blindly.—n.Pur′blindness. [Forpure-blind—i.e. wholly blind; the meaning has been modified, prob. through some confusion with the verb topore.]
Purchase, pur′chās,v.t.to acquire by seeking: to obtain by paying: to obtain by labour, danger, &c.: (law) to get in any way other than by inheritance: to raise or move by mechanical means: (Shak.) to expiate by a fine or forfeit.—n.act of purchasing: that which is purchased or got for a price: value, advantage, worth: any mechanical power or advantage in raising or moving bodies.—adj.Pur′chasable, that may be purchased: (hence of persons) venal, corrupt.—n.Pur′chaser.—Purchase money, the money paid, or to be paid, for anything;Purchase shears, a very strong kind of shears, with removable cutters, and a strong spring at the back;Purchase system, the method by which, before 1871, commissions in the British army could be bought.—(So many)years' purchase, a price paid for a house, an estate, &c. equal to the amount of the rent or income during the stated number of years. [O. Fr.porchacier(Fr.pourchasser), to seek eagerly, pursue—pur(L.pro), for,chasser, to chase.]
Purdah, pur′dä,n.a curtain screening a chamber of state or the women's apartments: the seclusion itself. [Hind.parda, a screen.]
Pure, pūr,adj.(comp.Pur′er;superl.Pur′est) clean: unsoiled: unmixed: not adulterated: real: free from guilt or defilement: chaste: modest: mere: that and that only: complete: non-empirical, involving an exercise of mind alone, without admixture of the results of experience.—n.purity.—adv.quite: (obs.) entirely.—v.t.to cleanse, refine.—adv.Pure′ly, without blemish: wholly, entirely: (dial.) wonderfully, very much.—n.Pure′ness.—Pure mathematics(seeMathematics);Pure reason, reason alone, without any mixture of sensibility;Pure science, the principles of any science considered in themselves and their relation to each other, and not in their application to the investigation of other branches of knowledge, aspure mathematics,pure logic, &c. [Fr.pur—L.purus, pure.]
Purée, pü-rā′,n.a soup, such as pea-soup, in which there are no pieces of solids. [Fr.]
Purfle, pur′fl,v.t.to decorate with a wrought or flowered border: (archit.) to decorate with rich sculpture: (her.) to ornament with a border of ermines, furs, &c.—ns.Pur′fle,Pur′flew, a border of embroidery: (her.) a bordure of ermines, furs, &c.;Pur′fling.—adj.Pur′fly(Carlyle), wrinkled. [O. Fr.pourfiler—L.pro, before,filum, a thread.]
Purge, purj,v.t.to make pure: to carry off whatever is impure or superfluous: to clear from guilt or from accusation: to evacuate, as the bowels: to trim, dress, prune: to clarify, as liquors.—v.i.to become pure by clarifying: to have frequent evacuations.—n.act of purging: a medicine that purges.—n.Purgā′tion, a purging: a clearing away of impurities: (law) the act of clearing from suspicion or imputation of guilt, a cleansing.—adj.Pur′gative, cleansing: having the power of evacuating the intestines.—n.a medicine that evacuates.—adv.Pur′gatively.—adjs.Purgatō′rial,Purgatō′rian, pertaining to purgatory;Pur′gatory, purging or cleansing: expiatory.—n.(R.C.) a place or state in which souls are after death purified from venial sins: any kind or state of suffering for a time.—ns.Pur′ger, a person or thing that purges;Pur′ging, act of cleansing or clearing. [Fr.purger—L.purgāre,-ātum—purus, pure,agĕre, to do.]
Purify, pū′ri-fī,v.t.to make pure: to cleanse from foreign or hurtful matter: to free from guilt or uncleanness: to free from improprieties or barbarisms, as language.—v.i.to become pure:—pa.t.andpa.p.pū′rifīed.—n.Purificā′tion, act of purifying: (B.) the act of cleansing ceremonially by removing defilement: a cleansing of the soul from moral guilt or defilement: a crushing of desire after anything evil: the pouring of wine into the chalice to rinse it after communion, the wine being then drunk by the priest.—adj.Pū′rificātive.—n.Pū′rificātor.—adj.Pū′rificātory, tending to purify or cleanse.—n.Pū′rifier.—Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, a feast observed in the R.C. Church on February 2d, in commemoration of the purification of the Virgin Mary, according to the Jewish ceremonial (Lev. xii. 2) forty days after the birth of Christ. [Fr.purifier—L.purificāre—purus, pure,facĕre, to make.]
Purim, pū′rim,n.the feast of lots held about 1st of March, in which the Jews commemorated their deliverance from the plot of Haman, as related in Esther. [Heb., pl. ofpur,lot.]
Purism, pūr′izm,n.exclusion of mixture of any kind: pure or immaculate conduct or style: the doctrine of a purist: great nicety or care in the use of words.—n.Pūr′ist, one who is excessively pure or nice in the choice of words.—adj.Pūris′tic.
Puritan, pūr′i-tan,n.one aiming at greater strictness in religious life, esp. one of a religious and political party having such aims in the time of Elizabeth and the Stuarts.—adj.pertaining to the Puritans.—adjs.Pūritan′ic,-al, like a Puritan: rigid: exact.—adv.Pūritan′ically.—v.i.Pūr′itanise.—n.Pūr′itanism, a puritan manner of life: strictness of life: simplicity and purity of worship: the notions or practice of Puritans. [L.puritas, purity—purus, pure.]
Purity, pūr′i-ti,n.condition of being pure: freedom from mixture of any kind: freedom from sin or defilement: chastity: sincerity: freedom from foreign or improper idioms or words.
Purl, purl,v.i.to flow with a murmuring sound, as a stream over small stones: to ripple: to flow in eddies: to curl or swirl.—v.t.to whirl about: to unseat.—n.a soft murmuring sound, as of a stream among stones: an eddy or ripple.—n.Purl′ing, the act of flowing with a gentle, murmuring sound: the murmuring sound of a small stream. [Prob. freq. ofpurr; cf. Sw.porla, Ger.perlen, to bubble.]
Purl, purl,v.t.to fringe with a waved edging, as lace: to invert stitches.—n.an embroidered border: a hem or fringe of twisted gold or silver thread: a ribbed or wavy appearance caused by inverted stitches: a kind of 16th-cent. lace. [Purfle.]
Purl, purl,n.ale warmed and spiced.
Purlieu, pur′lū,n.the borders or environs of any place: (orig.) the grounds on the borders of a royal forest, illegally added to the forest, but afterwards restored to their rightful owners, and marked out by perambulation. [Acc. to Skeat, a corr. of O. Fr.puralee(a mere translation of L.perambulatio), land severed from a royal forest by perambulation—O. Fr.pur(=L.pro),allee, a going.]
Purlin,Purline, pur′lin,n.a piece of timber stretching horizontally across the rafters underneath to support them in the middle. [Perh. Fr.pour, for, orpar, through,ligne, a line.]
Purloin, pur-loin′,v.t.to carry off to a distance: to take for one's own use: to steal: to plagiarise.—v.i.to practise theft.—n.Purloin′er. [O. Fr.purloignier—L.prolongāre.]
Purple, pur′pl,n.a very dark-red colour formed by the mixture of blue and red: a purple dress or robe, originally worn only by royalty: a robe of honour: the dignity of a king or emperor: a cardinalate, so called from the red hat and robes worn by cardinals.—adj.red tinged with blue: blood-red: bloody.—v.t.to dye purple: to clothe with purple.—v.i.to become purple in colour.—n.Pur′ple-fish, a shellfish of genusPurpura.—adjs.Pur′ple-frost′y(Tenn.), purple with frost or cold;Pur′ple-hued(Shak.), having a purple hue.—n.pl.Pur′ples, petechiæ or spots of livid red on the body: a disease of wheat: an early purple-flowered orchid.—adj.Pur′ple-spiked, having purple spikes.—ns.Pur′ple-wood,-heart, the heartwood ofCopaifera pubiflora, used for ramrods.—adj.Pur′plish, somewhat purple.—Purple emperor, one of the largest of British butterflies, and one of the most richly coloured.—Born in the purple, of princely rank or birth;Tyrian purple, a fine purple dye for which the people of ancient Tyre were celebrated. [O. Fr.porpre(Fr.pourpre)—L.purpura—Gr.porphyra, the purple-fish.]
Purport, pur′pōrt,n.design: meaning: signification.—v.t.(alsoPurport′) to give out as its meaning: to convey to the mind: to seem to mean—often with an infinitive clause as its object.—adj.Pur′portless. [O. Fr., frompur(Fr.pour)—L.pro, for,porter—L.portāre, to carry.]
Purpose, pur′pos,n.idea or aim kept before the mind as the end of effort: aim, intention: effect: (Spens.) conversation: (pl.) a sort of conversational game.—Of, orOn,purpose, with design, intentionally;To the purpose, to the point, or material to the question. [O. Fr.pourpos,propos—L.propositum, a thing intended—pro, forward,ponĕre,positum, to place.]
Purpose, pur′pos,v.t.to intend (often followed by an infinitive or participial clause as its object).—v.i.to have an intention: (Spens.) to discourse.—adj.Pur′poseful, having an object: full of meaning.—adv.Pur′posefully.—n.Pur′posefulness.—adj.Pur′poseless, without purpose or effect: aimless.—adv.Pur′poselessly.—n.Pur′poselessness.—adj.Pur′pose-like, having a definite purpose: having the appearance of being fit for a purpose.—adv.Pur′posely, with purpose: intentionally.—n.Pur′poser.—adj.Pur′posive, having an aim: (biol.) functional.—n.Pur′posiveness. [O. Fr.purposer, form ofproposer, influenced by Fr.propos.]
Purprise, pur-prīz′,n.an enclosure: the whole compass of a manor.—n.Purprest′ure, a private encroachment upon a public highway, &c. [O. Fr.pourpris—pour, for,prendre—L.prehendĕre, to take.]
Purpura, pur′pū-ra,n.a genus of marine gasteropods: an eruption of small purple spots, caused by extravasation of blood in the skin—also called thePurples.—adj.Pur′purāte, of purple colour.—n.Pur′pure, purple.—adjs.Purpū′real, purple;Purpū′ric, relating to purpura. [L.,—Gr.porphyra.]
Purr,Pur, pur,v.i.to utter a low, murmuring sound, as a cat when pleased: to signify by, or as by, purring.—ns.Purr;Purr′ing, the low, murmuring sound of a cat.—adv.Purr′ingly. [Imit.]
Purse, purs,n.a small bag for money, orig. made of skin: a sum of money, esp. a sum given as a present or offered as a prize: a treasury: a person's finances.—v.t.to put into a purse: to contract as the mouth of a purse: to draw into folds or wrinkles.—n.Purse′-bear′er, one who has charge of the purse of another: a treasurer.—adj.Purse′-bear′ing, pouched, marsupiate.—ns.Purse′ful, as much as a purse can hold: enough to fill a purse;Purse′-mouth(Tenn.), a pursed-up mouth;Purse′-net, a kind of net that can be closed like a purse;Purse′-pride.—adj.Purse′-proud, proud of one's purse or wealth: insolent from wealth.—ns.Purs′er, an officer who has charge of the provisions, clothing, and accounts of a ship, now termed a 'paymaster;'Purs′ership;Purse′-seine, a seine which can be pursed into the shape of a bag.—n.pl.Purse′-strings, the strings fastening a purse.—n.Purse′-tak′ing, robbing.—A light, orempty,purse, poverty;A long, orheavy,purse, riches;Privy purse, an allowance for the private expenses of the British sovereign: an officer in the royal household who pays the sovereign the grant of the civil list for his private expenses. [O. Fr.borse(Fr.bourse)—Low L.bursa—Gr.byrsa, a hide.]
Purslane,Purslain, purs′lān,n.an annual plant, frequently used in salads. [O. Fr.porcelaine—L.porcilaca,portulaca.]
Pursue, pur-sū′,v.t.to follow after in order to overtake: to follow with haste: to chase: to follow up: to be engaged in: to carry on: to seek to obtain: to seek to injure: to imitate: to continue.—v.i.to follow: to go on or continue: to act as a prosecutor at law.—n.(Spens.) pursuit.—adj.Pursū′able.—n.Pursū′ance, the act of pursuing or following out: process: consequence.—adj.Pursū′ant, done while pursuing or seeking any purpose, hence agreeable.—adv.agreeably: conformably—alsoPursū′antly.—n.Pursū′er, one who pursues: (Scots law) a plaintiff. [O. Fr.porsuir(Fr.poursuivre)—L.prosequi,-secutus—pro, onwards,sequi, to follow.]
Pursuit, pur-sūt′,n.the act of pursuing: endeavour to attain: occupation: employment.
Pursuivant, pur′swi-vant,n.an attendant or follower: a state messenger: an attendant on the heralds: one of four inferior officers in the English College of Arms. [Fr., pr.p. ofpoursuivre, to pursue.]
Pursy, purs′i,adj.puffy: fat and short: short-breathed.—n.Purs′iness. [O. Fr.pourcif(Fr.poussif), orig.poulsif, broken-winded—O. Fr.poulser(Fr.pousser), to push—L.pulsāre, to push.]
Purtenance, pur′ten-ans,n.that which pertains or belongs to: (B.) the inwards or intestines of an animal. [Appurtenance.]
Purulence, pū′rū-lens,n.the forming of pus or matter: pus—alsoPū′rulency.—adj.Pū′rulent, consisting of, full of, or resembling pus or matter.—adv.Pū′rulently. [Pus.]
Purvey, pur-vā′, v.t, to provide, esp. with conveniences: to procure.—v.i.to provide: to buy in provisions for several persons: (withto) to pander.—ns.Purvey′ance, the act of purveying: a procuring of victuals: that which is supplied: the former royal prerogative of pre-emption of necessaries;Purvey′or, one who provides victuals: an officer who formerly exacted provisions for the use of the king's household: a procurer. [O. Fr.porvoir(Fr.pourvoir)—L.providēre, to provide.]
Purview, pur′vū,n.a condition or disposition: the part of a statute beginning with 'Be it enacted:' scope: limits. [O. Fr.pourvieu—pourvoir, to provide.]
Pus, pus,n.a thick yellowish fluid exuded from inflamed tissues: that which has become putrid. [L.pus,puris, matter; akin to Gr.pyon.]
Puseyism, pū′zi-izm,n.a name given to the High Church and Catholic principles of Dr E. B.Pusey(1800-82), and other Oxford divines, as set forth in 'Tracts for the Times.'—adjs.Pūseyist′ic,-al.—n.Pū′seyite, one who holds the views of Dr Pusey.
Push, pōōsh,v.t.to thrust or press against: to drive by pressure: to press forward: to urge: to press hard: to thrust, as with a sword.—v.i.to make a thrust: to make an effort: to press against: to burst out.—n.a thrust: an impulse: assault: effort: exigence: (Bacon) a pustule, a pimple, eruption.—n.Push′er, one who pushes: a stem or rod.—adj.Push′ing, pressing forward in business: enterprising: vigorous.—n.Push′ing-jack, an implement for starting a railway-carriage, &c.—adv.Push′ingly.—n.Push′-pin(Shak.), a children's game in which pins are pushed alternately. [Fr.pousser—L.pulsāre, freq. ofpellĕre,pulsum, to beat.]
Pushtu,Pushtoo, push′tōō,n.the language of the Afghans proper.—AlsoPush′to. [Afghan.]
Pusillanimous, pū-si-lan′i-mus,adj.wanting firmness of mind: of small courage: having a little mind: mean-spirited: cowardly.—adv.Pusillan′imously.—ns.Pusillan′imousness,Pusillanim′ity, state or quality of being weak-minded: lack of spirit or courage: timidity. [L.pusillanimis—pusillus, very little,animus, the mind.]
Puss, pōōs,n.a familiar name for a cat: a hare, in sportsmen's language: a playful name for a child or a girl.—ns.Puss′-clov′er, the rabbit's foot or stone-clover;Puss′-gen′tleman, a dandy;Puss′-moth, a moth of the genus Cerura;Puss′-tail, a common grass with bristly spikes, belonging to the genus Setaria—also calledFoxtail;Puss′y, a dim. ofpuss—alsoPuss′y-cat;Puss′y-cat, the silky catkin of various willows;Puss′y-will′ow, a common American willow,Salix discolor, with silky spring catkins.—Puss in the corner, a children's game in which the places are continually being changed, while the player who is out tries to secure one of them. [Dut.poes, puss; Ir. and Gael.pus, a cat.]
Pustule, pus′tūl,n.a small pimple containing pus: anything like a pustule, on plants or animals: a small blister.—adjs.Pus′tūlar,Pus′tūlous, covered with pustules.—v.t.Pus′tūlāte, to form into pustules.—n.Pustūlā′tion. [Fr.,—L.pustula, a pimple.]
Put, pōōt,v.t.to push or thrust: to cast, throw: to drive into action: to throw suddenly, as a word: to set, lay, or deposit: to bring into any state or position: to offer: to propose: to express, state: to apply: to oblige: to incite: to add.—v.i.to place: to turn:—pr.p.putting(pōōt′-);pa.t.andpa.p.put.—n.a push or thrust: a cast, throw, esp. of a heavy stone from the shoulder (seePutting): an attempt: a game at cards: a contract by which one person, in consideration of a certain sum of money paid to another, acquires the privilege of selling or delivering to the latter within a certain time certain securities or commodities, at a stipulated price (seeOptions).—ns.Put′-off,-by, an excuse, a makeshift, evasion;Put′ter, one who puts.—Put about, to change the course, as of a ship: to put to inconvenience, trouble: to publish;Put an end, or stop, to, to check, hinder: cause to discontinue;Put away, to renounce, to divorce;Put back, to push backward: to delay: to say nay;Put by, to lay aside: to divert: to store up;Put down, to crush: to degrade: (Shak.) to confute: to enter, as a name: (rare) to give up: to start for;Put for, to set out vigorously towards a place;Put forth, to extend: to propose: to publish: to exert: to depart;Put in, to introduce: to hand in: to appoint: to insert: to conduct a ship into a harbour;Put in for, to put in an application or claim for;Put in mind, to bring to one's memory;Put off, to lay aside: to baffle or frustrate: to defer or delay: to push from shore: (Shak.) to discard;Put on, orupon, to invest: to impute: to assume: to promote: to instigate: to impose upon: to hasten: to inflict: to deceive, trick: to foist or palm upon;Put out, to expel, to extinguish: to place at interest: to extend: to publish: to disconcert: to offend: to expend: to dislocate;Put over(Shak.), to refer: to send: to defer: to place in authority;Put the case,Put case, suppose the case to be;Put the hand to, to take hold of: to take or seize: to engage in (any affair);Put this and that together, to infer from given premises;Put through, to bring to an end: to accomplish;Put to, to apply, use: to add to: to bring or consign to;Put to death, to kill;Put to it, to press hard: to distress;Put to rights, to bring into proper order;Put to sea, to set sail: to begin a voyage;Put to, oron,trial, to test: to try;Put two and two together, to draw a conclusion from certain circumstances;Put up, to startle from a cover, as a hare: to put back to its ordinary place when not in use, as a sword: to accommodate with lodging: to nominate for election: (with) to bear without complaint: to take lodgings;Put up to, to give information about, to instruct in. [A.S.potian, to push; prob. Celt., as Gael.put, W.pwtio.]
Put, put,n.a rustic, simpleton. [Perh. W.pwt,pytiau, any short thing.]
Put, put,n.a strumpet.—ns.Pū′tāge, a law phrase for a woman's fornication;Pū′tanism, the habit of prostitution. [O. Fr.pute, a whore.]
Putamen, pū-tā′men,n.the hard bony stone of some fruits—cherry, peach, &c.: the soft shell of an egg: the outer and darker portion of the lenticular nucleus of the brain. [L.,—putāre, to prune.]
Putative, pū′tā-tiv,adj.supposed: reputed: commonly supposed to be.—n.Putā′tion, act of considering, estimation.—Putative marriage, a marriage prohibited by canon law, but entered into in good faith by at least one of the parties. [Fr.,—L.putativus—putāre,-ātum, to suppose.]
Putchock, pōō-chok′,n.the fragrant costus-root, exported from India to China—a chief ingredient in the Chinese pastille-rod, commonly calledjostick.—AlsoPutchuk′. [Perh. Telegupāch'ckāku, 'green leaf;' or more prob. Malay.]
Puteal, pū′tē-al,n.a well-curb. [L.,—puteus, a well.]
Puteli, put′e-li,n.a flat-bottomed Ganges boat.
Putid, pū′tid,adj.rotten: stinking: worthless.—n.Pū′tidness. [L.putidus, putrid.]
Put-log, put′-log,n.a cross-piece in a scaffolding, the inner end resting in a hole left in the wall.
Putois, pü-twa′,n.a brush of polecat's hair for pottery. [Fr.]
Putoo, put′ōō,n.a dish made of palmyra-nut meal, scraped coco-nut, &c.
Putorius, pū-tō′ri-us,n.a large family ofMustelidæ, including weasels, stoats, polecats, ferrets, &c.
Putrefy, pū′tre-fī,v.t.to make putrid or rotten: to corrupt.—v.i.to become putrid: to rot:—pa.t.andpa.p.pū′trefied.—adjs.Pūtred′inous, having an offensive smell;Putrefā′cient(alson.),Putrefac′tive, pertaining to or causing putrefaction.—ns.Putrefac′tion, the act or process of putrefying: rottenness: corruption;Putrefac′tiveness;Putres′cence.—adjs.Putres′cent, becoming putrid: pertaining to putrefaction;Pū′trid, in a state of decay: showing putrefaction: stinking: rotten: corrupt.—ns.Putrid′ity,Pū′tridness, state of being putrid: corrupt matter: rottenness: corruption.—adj.Pū′trifiable, liable to putrefy. [O. Fr.putrefier—L.putrefacĕre, to make putrid—puter,putris, rotten.]
Putt, put,v.i.in golf, to play with a putter.—n.a short stroke made with a putter in attempting to hole a ball.—ns.Putt′er, one who throws a stone: one who takes coal along underground roads: a short, stiff golf-club used in putting;Putt′er-on(Shak.), an instigator;Putt′er-out(obs.), one who deposited money on going abroad, on condition of receiving a larger sum on his return, the money to be forfeited in case of non-return;Putt′ing, the act of hurling a heavy stone from the hand by a sudden push from the shoulder: the act of striking a golf-ball when near a hole, so as to cause it to fall into it;Putt′ing-green, the prepared ground immediately round a hole in a golf-course;Putt′ing-stone, a heavy stone raised by the hand and thrust forward from the shoulder, as a trial of strength and skill. [Put.]
Putties, put′tiz,n.pl.strips of cloth wound round the legs, from ankle to knee, as leggings.
Puttock, pōōt′ok,n.(Shak.) a kite, a buzzard.
Puttoo, put′ōō,n.a cloth made in Cashmere from the longer and coarser wool of the goat.
Putty, put′i,n.an oxide of tin, or of lead and tin, used in polishing glass, &c.—jewellers' putty: a cement of whiting and linseed-oil, used in glazing windows: a fine cement of lime only—plasterers' putty.—v.t.to fix or fill with putty:—pa.t.andpa.p.putt′ied.—n.Putt′ier, a glazier.—adj.Putt′y-faced, having a face resembling putty in pastiness or colour.—ns.Putt′y-knife, a knife with a blunt, flexible blade for laying on putty;Putt′y-pow′der, an artificially prepared oxide of tin used for polishing glass;Putt′y-root, an American orchid the corm of whose root-stock contains a highly glutinous matter;Putt′y-work, decoration in a soft substance which grows very hard. [O. Fr.potée, properly that which is contained in a pot, Fr.pot.]
Put-up, poot′-up,adj.speciously conceived, planned, or carried out. [Put.]
Puture, pū′tūr,n.the claim to food for man, horse, and dog within the bounds of a forest, &c.—AlsoPul′tūre. [O. Fr.peulture.]
Puxi, puk′si,n.the edible larvæ of various flies of the genusEphydra, found in the alkali lakes of western North America. [Mex. Ind.]
Puy, pwē,n.one of the small volcanic cones in Auvergne, &c. [Fr.]
Puzzel, puz′l,n.(obs.) a drab. [Fr.pucelle.]
Puzzle, puz′l,n.a difficulty to be solved: perplexity: something to try the ingenuity, as a toy or riddle.—v.t.to set a difficult question to: to pose: to perplex.—v.i.to be bewildered: to think long and carefully (without,over).—ns.Puzz′ledom(coll.), bewilderment;Puzz′le-head, one who is puzzle-headed.—adj.Puzz′le-head′ed, having the head full of confused notions.—ns.Puzz′le-head′edness;Puzz′lement, the state of being puzzled;Puzz′le-monk′ey(same asMonkey-puzzle, q.v.);Puzz′le-peg, a piece of wood so secured under a dog's jaw as to keep his nose from the ground;Puzz′ler;Puzz′le-ring, a ring made of several small rings intricately linked together, capable of being taken apart and put together again.—adj.Puzz′ling, posing: perplexing.—adv.Puzz′lingly. [From M. E.opposaile(Eng.opposal), an objection—opposen,posen. Cf.PoseandOppose.]
Puzzolana, puz-ō-lä′na,n.a loosely coherent volcanic sand found atPozzuoli, near Naples, forming a hydraulic cement with ordinary lime.—AlsoPuzzolä′no,Pozzuolä′na.
Pyæmia,Pyemia, pī-ē′mi-a,n.a disease caused by the introduction into the blood of decomposing matter, from pus, &c.—adjs.Pyæ′mic,Pyē′mic. [Gr.pyon, pus,haima, blood.]
Pycnid, pik′nid,n.a special receptacle in ascomycetous fungi, resembling a perithecium, in which stylospores or pycnospores are produced—alsoPycnid′ium.—n.Pyc′nospore, a stylospore. [Gr.pyknos, thick.]
Pycnite, pik′nīt,n.a columnar variety of topaz.
Pycnogonida, pik-nō-gon′i-da,n.pl.a division of marine arthropods, the sea-spiders.—adj.Pycnog′onoid. [Gr.pyknos, thick,gony, the knee.]
Pycnometer, pik-nom′e-tėr,n.an instrument for determining the specific gravity of solid bodies. [Gr.pyknos, thick,metron, measure.]
Pycnon, pik′non,n.(mus.) a small interval in Greek music, a quarter-tone: in medieval music, a semi-tone. [Gr.pyknos, thick.]
Pycnostyle, pik′nō-stīl,adj.(archit.) noting a lower degree of intercolumniation, usually 1½ diameters. [Gr.pyknos, thick,stylos, a column.]
Pyebald. SeePiebald.
Pyelitis, pī-e-lī′tis,n.inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney—alsoEndonephritis.—adjs.Pyelit′ic;Pyelonephrit′ic.—n.Pyelonephrī′tis, inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis. [Gr.pyelos, the pelvis,nephros, the kidney.]
Pyengadu, pī-eng′ga-dōō,n.a large acacia-like tree of Burma, India, &c., with reddish-brown wood of great heaviness and hardness.—AlsoPyn′kado.
Pygal, pī′gal,adj.belonging to the rump or posteriors of an animal.—n.the posterior median or supracaudal plate of a chelonian carapace.—n.Py′garg, a kind of antelope: the osprey or sea-eagle. [Gr.pygē, the rump,argos, white.]
Pygmy,Pigmy, pig′mi,n.one of a fabulous dwarfish race of antiquity: a dwarf: any diminutive thing: one of several pygmy races in equatorial Africa and elsewhere: one of the ancient diminutive dwellers in underground houses, &c., in whom David MacRitchie sees the historical originals of the fairies and elves of folklore.—adj.resembling a pygmy: very small.—adj.Pygmē′an, dwarfish: diminutive. [O. Fr.pigme,pygme—L.Pygmæi—Gr.Pygmaioi, the Pygmies, a (Gr.)pygmē—13½ in. long—pygmē, fist.]
Pygopus, pī′gō-pus,n.a genus of Australian lizards.
Pygostyle, pī′gō-stīl,n.the vomer or ploughshare bone of a bird's tail.—adj.Py′gostyled. [Gr.pygē, the rump,stylos, a column.]
Pyjamas, pe-jä′maz,n.pl.loose drawers or trousers tied round the waist, in India, used also by Europeans.—AlsoPaijä′mas,Pajä′mas. [Hind.pāëjāma, lit. 'leg-clothing.']
Pylon, pī′lon,n.a gateway to an Egyptian temple: the mass of building through which the gateway was pierced. [Gr.pylōn—pylē, a gate.]
Pylorus, pi-lō′rus,n.the lower opening of the stomach leading to the intestines.—adj.Pylor′ic. [L.,—Gr.pylōros—pylē, an entrance,ouros, a guardian.]
Pyogenesis, pī-ō-jen′e-sis,n.the formation of pus.—adjs.Pyogenet′ic,Pyogen′ic,Py′oid.—ns.Pyopoiē′sis, suppuration;Pyop′tysis, expectoration of pus;Pyorrhē′a, purulent discharge;Pyō′sis, the formation of pus.
Pyramid, pir′a-mid,n.a solid figure on a triangular, square, or polygonal base, with triangular sides meeting in a point: (pl.) 'the Pyramids,' or great monuments of Egypt: a game played on a billiard-table in which the balls are arranged in pyramid shape.—adjs.Pyram′idal,Pyramid′ic,-al, having the form of a pyramid.—advs.Pyram′idally,Pyramid′ically.—ns.Pyramid′icalness;Pyramid′ion, the small pyramidal apex of an obelisk;Pyram′idist, one versed in the history of the Pyramids;Pyr′amis(Shak.), a pyramid:—pl.Pyram′ides.—adjs.Pyr′amoid,Pyram′idoid. [L.,—Gr.pyramis,pyramidos; prob. Egypt.pir-em-us. Some connection with Gr.pyr, fire.]
Pyramidon, pi-ram′i-don,n.in organ-building a stop having wooden pipes in the form of an inverted pyramid, giving very deep notes somewhat like those of a stopped diapason.
Pyrargyrite, pī-rar′ji-rīt,n.an ore of silver consisting of the sulphide of silver and antimony. [Gr.pyr, fire,argyros, silver.]
Pyre, pīr,n.a pile of wood, &c., on which a dead body is burned.—adj.Pyr′al. [L.,—Gr.,—pyr, fire.]
Pyrene, pī′rēn,n.a stone or putamen.—n.Pyrē′nocarp, any drupaceous fruit.—adjs.Pyrē′noid, globular, nucleiform;Pyrē′nous. [Gr.pyrēn.]
Pyrene, pī′rēn,n.a hydrocarbon obtained from coal-tar.
Pyrenean, pir-ē-nē′an,adj.of or pertaining to thePyrenees, the range of mountains between France and Spain.—n.Pyrenē′ite, a grayish-black garnet. [L.Pyrenæi(montes), the Pyrenees.]
Pyrenomycetes, pī-rē-nō-mī-sē′tez,n.pl.an order of ascomycetous fungi, including ergot, black-rot, &c. [Gr.pyren, a stone,mykēs, pl.mycētes, a mushroom.]
Pyrethrum, pir-eth′rum,n.a genus of plants containing the fever-few, or golden-feather, so much used in gardens as a bordering. [L.,—Gr.,—pyr, fire.]
Pyretic, pī-ret′ik,adj.pertaining to fever.—n.a remedy for fever.—ns.Pyretol′ogy, the science of fevers;Pyrex′ia, fever.—adjs.Pyrex′ial,Pyrex′ic. [Gr.pyrektikos—pyretos, fever—pyr, fire.]
Pyrgoidal, pir-goi′dal,adj.tower-shaped. [Gr.,pyrgos, a tower.]
Pyrheliometer, pir-hē-li-om′e-tėr,n.an instrument for measuring the intensity of the sun.—adj.Pyrheliomet′ric. [Gr.pyr, fire,hēlios, sun,metron, measure.]
Pyriform, pir′i-form,adj.pear-shaped. [L.pirum, a pear,forma, form.]
Pyrite, pī′rīt,n.native iron disulphide of a pale-yellow colour and very hard—alsoIron pyrites.—Copper pyrites, yellow sulphide of copper and iron. [L.,—Gr.pyrites, a flint—pyr, fire.]
Pyritegium, pir-i-tē′ji-um,n.the curfew-bell. [Low L.]
Pyrites, pir-ī′tēz,n.a term applied to a large class of mineral compounds of metals with sulphur, or with arsenic, or with both—crystalline, hard, generally brittle, and frequently yellow.—adjs.Pyritā′ceous;Pyrit′ic,-al;Pyritif′erous.—v.t.Pyr′itise, to convert into pyrites.—n.Pyritol′ogy, knowledge of pyrites.—adj.Pyr′itous. [L.,—Gr.pyr, fire.]
Pyritohedron, pī-rī-tō-hē′dron,n.a pentagonal dodecahedron.—adj.Pyritohē′dral. [Gr.pyritēs, pyrites,hedra, a seat.]
Pyro-acetic, pī′rō-a-set′ik,adj.relating to acetic acid under heat.
Pyroballogy, pī-rō-bal′ō-ji,n.the art of throwing fire: (Sterne) the science of artillery. [Gr.pyr, fire,ballein, to throw,logia—legein, to speak.]
Pyroclastic, pī-rō-klas′tik,adj.formed by volcanic agencies. [Gr.pyr, fire,klastos, broken.]
Pyro-electricity, pī′rō-e-lek-tris′i-ti,n.that branch of electricity which deals with electrification as produced by change of temperature in certain crystallised bodies.—adj.Py′ro-elec′tric.
Pyrogallic, pī-rō-gal′ik,adj.obtained from gallic acid by the action of heat.
Pyrogen, pī′rō-jen,n.any substance which causes fever when introduced into the blood.—adjs.Pyrogenet′ic,Pyrog′enous, producing fire: produced by fire;Pyrogen′ic, producing fever. [Gr.pyr, fire, root ofgignesthai, to become.]
Pyrognomic, pī-rog-nom′ik,adj.becoming incandescent when heated to a certain degree. [Gr.pyr, fire,gnōmōn, a mark.]
Pyrognostic, pī-rog-nos′tik,adj.pertaining to fire or heat. [Gr.pyr, fire,gnōstikos, knowing.]
Pyrography, pī-rog′ra-fi,n.the art of producing a design on wood by applying heat and pressure. [Gr.pyr, fire,graphein, to write.]
Pyrogravure, pī-rō-grā-vūr′,n.a method of engraving on wood by a red-hot metallic point: a picture so produced.
Pyrola, pī′rō-la,n.a genus of plants of the heath kind, called alsoWintergreen: a single plant of this genus. [L., dim. ofpirus, a pear-tree.]
Pyrolatry, pī-rol′a-tri,n.fire-worship.—n.Pyrol′ater, a fire-worshipper. [Gr.pyr,pyros, fire,latreia, worship.]
Pyroleter, pī-rol′e-tėr,n.a fire-extinguishing chemical apparatus by which carbonic acid is generated and thrown on the fire. [Gr.pyr, fire,oletēr, destroyer—ollynai, to destroy.]
Pyroligneous, pī-rō-lig′ne-us,adj.procured by the distillation of wood—applied to a kind of acetic acid.—AlsoPyrolig′nic,Pyrolig′nous.
Pyrology, pī-rōl-ō-ji,n.the science of heat: a treatise on heat.—n.Pyrol′ogist. [Gr.pyr,pyros, fire,logos, discourse.]
Pyrolusite, pī-rō-lū′sīt,n.native manganese dioxide.
Pyromagnetic, pī-rō-mag-net′ik,adj.pertaining to magnetism as modified by the action of heat.
Pyromancy, pī′rō-man-si,n.divination by fire.—adj.Pyroman′tic. [Gr.pyr,pyros, fire,manteia, divination.]
Pyromania, pī-rō-mā′ni-a,n.a mania for destroying things by fire: insanity which takes this form.—n.Pyromā′niac.—adjs.Pyromā′niac,-al.
Pyrometamorphism, pī-rō-met-a-mor′fizm,n.metamorphism due to heat, as opp. toHydrometamorphism, that due to water.
Pyrometer, pī-rom′e-tėr,n.an instrument in the form of a metallic bar for measuring the temperature of bodies under heat.—adjs.Pyromet′ric,-al.—n.Pyrom′etry, the science or art of measuring degrees of heat beyond the compass of the mercurial thermometer. [Gr.pyr, fire,metron, a measure.]