Sharp.
Sharp, shärp,adj.having a thin cutting edge or fine point: peaked or ridged: affecting the senses as if pointed or cutting: severe: keen, keenly contested: alive to one's interests, barely honest: of keen or quick perception: vigilant, attentive: pungent, biting, sarcastic: eager: fierce: impetuous: shrill: (phon.) denoting a consonant pronounced with breath and not voice, surd—as the sharp mutes,p,t,k.—n.an acute or shrill sound: (mus.) a note raised a semitone in the scale, also the character directing this: a long and slender sewing-needle—opp. to abluntand abetween: a small sword or duelling sword: a sharper, cheat: (pl.) the hard parts of wheat, middlings: an oysterman's boat—alsoSharp′ie,Sharp′y.—v.t.(obs.) to sharpen.—v.i.to play the sharper, cheat.—adj.Sharp′-cut, cut sharply or definitely: well-defined: clear.—v.t.Sharp′en, to make sharp or keen, pungent or painful, active or acute.—v.i.to grow sharp.—ns.Shar′pener, one who sharpens;Sharp′er, a trickster: a swindler: a cheat.—adjs.Sharp′-eyed, sharp-sighted;Sharp′-ground, ground to a sharp edge;Sharp′-look′ing(Shak.), hungry-looking.—adv.Sharp′ly, quickly: to the moment: (mus.) above the true pitch.—n.Sharp′ness.—adjs.Sharp′-nosed, having a pointed nose: keen of scent, as a dog;Sharp′-set, ravenous.—ns.Sharp′-shoot′er, an old term applied in the army to riflemen when skirmishing or specially employed as marksmen;Sharp′-shoot′ing.—adjs.Sharp′-sight′ed, having acute sight: shrewd;Sharp′-vis′aged, having a thin face;Sharp′-wit′ted, having an acute wit.—Look sharp, to show eagerness, to act quickly. [A.S.scearp; Ice.skarpr, Gr.scharf.]
Shaster, shas′tėr,n.a text-book, an authoritative religious and legal book among the Hindus.—AlsoShas′tra. [Sans.çāstra—çās, to teach.]
Shatter, shat′ėr,v.t.to break or dash to pieces: to crack: to disorder: to render unsound.—v.i.to break into fragments.—n.a fragment: impaired state.—adjs.Shatt′er-brained,-pā′ted, disordered in intellect;Shatt′ery, brittle. [Scatter.]
Shauchle, shawh′l,v.i.(Scot.) to walk with shuffling, loose gait.—v.t.to distort, deform. [Perh. conn. with Ice.skjálgr, wry, squinting.]
Shave, shāv,v.t.to cut off the hair with a razor: to pare closely: to make smooth by paring: to cut in thin slices: to skim along the surface: to strip, swindle.—v.i.to remove hair by a razor:—pa.p.shāved orshā′ven.—n.the act of shaving: a paring: a narrow miss or escape: a piece of financial knavery.—ns.Shave′-grass, the scouring-rush;Shave′ling, a monk or friar, from his shaven crown;Shā′ver, one who shaves: a barber: a sharp or extortionate dealer: (coll.) a chap, youngster;Shā′ving, the act of shaving: that which is shaved or pared off;Shā′ving-bā′sin,-bowl,-brush, a basin, bowl, brush, used by persons shaving.—Close, orNear,shave, a very narrow escape. [A.S.sceafan,scafan; Dut.schaven, Ger.schaben, L.scabĕre, to scrape, Gr.skaptein, to dig.]
Shavie, shā′vi,n.(Scot.) a trick or prank.—AlsoSkā′vie. [Perh. Dan.skæv, crooked; cf. Ger.schief, oblique.]
Shaw, shaw,n.a thicket, a small wood: (Scot.) a stem with the leaves, as of a potato. [A.S.scaga; Ice.skógr, Dan.skov.]
Shawl, shawl,n.a wrap made of wool, cotton, silk, or hair, used particularly by women as a loose covering for the shoulders: a kind of mantle.—v.t.to wrap in a shawl.—ns.Shawl′-dance, a graceful Oriental dance in which the dancer waves a scarf;Shawl′-matē′rial, a textile of silk and wool, soft and flexible, usually with Oriental designs, employed for dresses and parts of dresses for women;Shawl′-patt′ern, a coloured pattern, supposed to resemble an Eastern shawl, and applied to material of plainer design;Shawl′-pin, a pin used for fastening a shawl;Shawl′-strap, a pair of leather straps, fitted to a handle, used for carrying shawls, rugs, &c.;Shawl′-waist′coat, a vest or waistcoat with a large staring pattern like that of a shawl. [Pers.shāl.]
Shawm,Shalm,shawm,n.a musical instrument of the oboe class, having a double reed enclosed in a globular mouthpiece. [O. Fr.chalemie—L.calamus, a reed-pipe.]
Shay,n.SeeChay.
Shayak, sha′yak,n.a coarse Tripoli woollen cloth.
Shaya-root, shā′ä-rōōt,n.the root of the so-called Indian madder, yielding a red dye.—AlsoChé-root,Choy-root. [Tamilchaya.]
She, shē,pron. fem.the female understood or previously mentioned: sometimes used as a noun for a woman or other female. [Orig. the fem. of the def. art. in A.S.—viz.seó, which in the 12th century began to replaceheó, the old fem. pron.]
Shea, shē′ä,n.the tree yielding the Galam butter or shea-butter.—AlsoShē′a-treeandKarite.
Sheading, shē′ding,n.one of the six divisions or districts of the Isle of Man. [Shed.]
Sheaf, shēf,n.a quantity of things, esp. the stalks of grain, put together and bound: a bundle of arrows, usually 24 in number: any bundle or collection:—pl.Sheaves(shēvz).—v.t.to bind in sheaves.—v.i.to make sheaves.—adj.Sheaf′y. [A.S.sceáf—A.S.scúfan, to shove; Ger.schaub, Dut.schoof.]
Sheal, shēl,v.t.(Shak.) to shell, as peas.—n.Sheal′ing, the shell, pod, or husk, as of peas. [Shell.]
Sheal,Shiel, shēl,n.(Scot.) a hut used by shepherds, sportsmen, &c.: a shelter for sheep.—ns.Sheal′ing,Sheel′ing,Shiel′ing. [Either Ice.skáli, a hut, or Ice.skjól, a shelter; both cog. with sky,shade.]
Shear, shēr,v.t.to cut or clip: to clip with shears or any other instrument: (Scot.) to reap with a sickle.—v.i.to separate, cut, penetrate: in mining, to make a vertical cut in the coal:—pa.t.sheared, (obs.) shore;pa.p.sheared or shorn.—n.a shearing or clipping: a strain where compression is answered by elongation at right angles: curve, deviation.—ns.Shear′-bill, the scissor-bill, cut-water, or black skimmer;Shear′er;Shear′-hog, a sheep after the first shearing;Shear′ing, the act or operation of cutting with shears: what is cut off with shears: (Scot.) the time of reaping: the process of preparing shear-steel: (geol.) the process by which shear-structure (q.v.) has been produced;Shear′ling, a sheep only once sheared;Shear′man, one whose occupation is to shear cloth;Shears(pl.andsing.), an instrument for shearing or cutting, consisting of two blades that meet each other: a hoisting apparatus (seeSheers): anything resembling shears, as even a pair of wings (Spens.);Shear′-steel, steel suitable for the manufacture of shears and other edge-tools;Shear′-struc′ture(geol.), a structure often seen in volcanic rocks, due to the reciprocal compression and elongation of various parts under great crust movements;Shear′-wa′ter, a genus of oceanic birds allied to the petrels, and varying from 8½ to 14 inches in length. [A.S.sceran; Ice.skera, to clip, Ger.scheren, to shave.]
Sheat-fish, shēt′-fish,n.a fish of the familySiluridæ, the great catfish of central Europe.
Sheath, shēth,n.a case for a sword or other long instrument: a scabbard: any thin defensive covering: a membrane covering a stem or branch: the wing-case of an insect.—v.t.Sheathe(th), to put into a sheath: to cover with a sheath or case: to enclose in a lining.—adj.Sheathed(th), provided with, or enclosed in, a sheath: (bot.,zool., andanat.) having a sheath, vaginate.—ns.Sheath′ing(th), that which sheathes, esp. the covering of a ship's bottom;Sheath′-knife, a knife carried in a sheath from the waist.—adjs.Sheath′less;Sheath′-winged, having the wings encased in elytra: coleopterous;Sheath′y, sheath-like.—Sheathe the sword, to put an end to war. [A.S.scéth,scǽth; Ger.scheide, Ice.skeithir.]
Sheave, shēv,n.the wheel of a pulley over which the rope runs: a sliding scutcheon for covering a keyhole.—n.Sheave′-hole. [Shive.]
Sheaved, shēvd,adj.(Shak.) made of straw.
Shebang, shē-bang′,n.(Amer.) a place, a store, a saloon, a gaming-house: a brothel.
Shebeen, she-bēn′,n.a place where intoxicating drinks are privately and unlawfully sold.—ns.Shebēē′ner, one who keeps a shebeen;Shebēē′ning. [Ir.]
Shechinah, shē-kī′na,n.Same asShekinah.
Shecklaton, shek′la-ton,n.Same asChecklaton.
Shed, shed,v.t.to part, separate: to scatter, cast off: to throw out: to pour: to spill.—v.i.to let fall, cast:—pr.p.shed′ding;pa.t.andpa.p.shed.—n.a division, parting, as of the hair, and in watershed.—ns.Shed′der;Shed′ding. [A.S.sceádan, to separate; Ger.scheiden.]
Shed, shed,n.a slight erection, usually of wood, for shade or shelter: an outhouse: a large temporary open structure for reception of goods. [Shade.]
Sheeling. See underSheal.
Sheen, shēn,n.brightness or splendour.—adj.(obs.) bright, shining.—v.i.(arch.) to shine, glitter.—adj.Sheen′y, shining, beautiful. [A.S.scéne,scýne, fair; Dut.schoon, Ger.schön, beautiful; prob. from the root of A.S.sceáwian, to look at.]
Sheeny, shēn′i,n.(slang) a sharp fellow, a cheat, a Jewish dealer.—adj.cheating.
Sheepshank.
Sheep, shēp,n.sing.andpl.the well-known ruminant mammal covered with wool: leather made from sheep-skin: a silly and timid fellow.—ns.Sheep′-bīt′er(Shak.), one who practises petty thefts;Sheep′-bīt′ing, robbing those under one's care, like an ill-trained shepherd-dog;Sheep′-cote, an enclosure for sheep;Sheep′-dog, a dog trained to watch sheep: (slang) a chaperon.—adj.Sheep′-faced, sheepish, bashful.—ns.Sheep′-farm′er,Sheep′-fold, a fold or enclosure for sheep: a flock of sheep;Sheep′-head,Sheep's′-head, a fool, a stupid and timid person: an American fish of the familySparidæ, allied to the perches, so called from the shape and colour of the head;Sheep′-hook, a shepherd's crook.—adj.Sheep′ish, like a sheep: bashful: foolishly diffident.—adv.Sheep′ishly.—ns.Sheep′ishness;Sheep′-louse, a parasitic dipterous insect;Sheep′-mar′ket, a place where sheep are sold;Sheep′-mas′ter, a master or owner of sheep;Sheep′-pen, an enclosure for sheep;Sheep′-pest, the sheep-tick;Sheep′-pox, a contagious eruptive disease of sheep, variola ovina;Sheep′-run, a tract of grazing country for sheep;Sheep's′-eye, a modest, diffident look: a loving, wishful glance;Sheep's′-foot, a printer's tool with a claw at one end for prizing up forms;Sheep′-shank(Scot.), the shank of a sheep—hence something slender and weak: a nautical knot for temporarily shortening a rope;Sheep′-shearer, one who shears sheep;Sheep′-shearing;Sheep′-shears, a kind of shears used for shearing sheep;Sheep′-sil′ver, money formerly paid by tenants for release from the service of washing the lord's sheep;Sheep′-skin, the skin of a sheep: leather prepared from the skin of a sheep: a deed engrossed on sheep-skin parchment;Sheep′-steal′er;Sheep′-steal′ing;Sheep's′-wool, a valuable Florida sponge;Sheep′-tick, an insect which attacks the sheep, sucking its blood and raising a tumour;Sheep′walk, the place where the sheep pasture;Sheep′-wash, a lotion for vermin on the sheep, or to preserve its wool—alsoSheep′-dip;Sheep′-whis′tling, tending sheep.—Black sheep, the disreputable member of a family or group. [A.S.sceáp; Ger.schaf.]
Sheer, shēr,adj.pure: unmingled: simple: without a break, perpendicular.—adv.clear: quite: at once. [Ice.skærr, bright; Ice.skírr, A.S.scír.]
Sheer, shēr,v.i.to deviate from the line of the proper course, as a ship: to turn aside.—n.the deviation from the straight line, or the longitudinal curve or bend of a ship's deck or sides.—ns.Sheer′-hulk, an old dismasted ship with a pair of sheers mounted on it for masting ships;Sheer′-leg, one of the spars.—n.pl.Sheers, an apparatus for hoisting heavy weights, having usually two legs or spars spread apart at their lower ends, and bearing at their tops, where they are joined, hoisting-tackle. [Perh. Dut.scheren, to cut, withdraw.]
Sheet, shēt,n.a large, thin piece of anything: a large, broad piece of cloth in a bed: a large, broad piece of paper: a sail: the rope fastened to the leeward corner of a sail to extend it to the wind.—v.t.to cover with, or as with, a sheet: to furnish with sheets: to form into sheets.—ns.Sheet′-copp′er,-ī′ron,-lead,-met′al, copper, iron, lead, metal in thin sheets.—adj.Sheet′ed, with a white band or belt.—ns.Sheet′-glass, a kind of crown-glass made at first in the form of a cylinder, cut longitudinally, and opened out into a sheet;Sheet′ing, cloth used for bed-sheets: the process of forming into sheets;Sheet′-light′ning, lightning appearing in sheets or having a broad appearance;Sheet′-work, press-work.—A sheet(orThree sheets)in the wind, fuddled, tipsy;In sheets(print.), not folded, or folded but not bound. [A.S.scéte,scýte, a sheet—sceótan(pa.t.sceát), to shoot, project.]
Sheet-anchor, shēt′-angk′ur,n.the largest anchor of a ship, shot or thrown out in extreme danger: chief support: last refuge. [Shootandanchor.]
Sheik,Sheikh, shēk,n.a man of eminence, a lord, a chief: a title of learned or devout men.[Ar.sheikh—shākha, to be old.]
Sheiling, shēl′ing,n.Same asShealing.
Shekel, shek′l,n.a Jewish weight (about half-an-ounce avoirdupois) and coin (about 2s. 6d. sterling): (pl.) money (slang). [Heb. fromshāqal, to weigh.]
Shekinah,Shechinah, shē-kī′na,n.the Divine presence which rested like a cloud or visible light over the mercy-seat. [Heb.,—shākhan, to dwell.]
Sheldrake, shel′drāk,n.a genus of birds of the Duck familyAnatidæ, having the hind-toe free:—fem.Shel′duck. [A.S.scyld, a shield, anddrake.]
Shelf, shelf,n.a board fixed on a wall, &c., for laying things on: a flat layer of rock: a ledge: a shoal: a sandbank:—pl.Shelves(shelvz).—adj.Shelf′y.—Put,Lay,on the Shelf, to put aside from duty or service. [A.S.scylfe, a plank, Ice.skjálf, a bench.]
Shell, shel,n.a term applied to the hard outer covering or skeleton of many animals, to the internal skeleton of some invertebrates, and to the outer covering-of the eggs of various animals: any framework: the outer ear: a testaceous mollusc: any frail structure: a frail boat: a rough kind of coffin: an instrument of music: a bomb: a hollow projectile containing a bursting charge of gunpowder or other explosive ignited at the required instant by means of either time or percussion fuses: the thin coating of copper on an electrotype: an intermediate class in some schools.—v.t.to break off the shell: to remove the shell from: to take out of the shell: to throw shells or bombs upon, to bombard.—v.i.to fall off like a shell: to cast the shell.—ns.Shellac(she-lak′,shel′ak),Shell′-lac, lac prepared in thin plates for making varnish, &c.—v.t.to coat with shellac.—ns.Shell′-back, an old sailor, a barnacle;Shell′-bark, either of two North American hickories.—adj.Shelled, having a shell, testaceous.—ns.Shell′er, one who shells or husks;Shell′fish, a popular term for many aquatic animals not fishes, esp. oysters, clams and all molluscs, and crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters;Shell′-gun, a cannon used for throwing shells, esp. horizontally:Shell′-heap, a prehistoric accumulation of shells, &c., pointing back to a race that lived on shellfish;Shell′-ice, ice no longer supported by the water beneath;Shell′-jack′et, an undress military jacket;Shell′-lime, lime procured from the shells of shellfish by burning;Shell′-lime′stone, a limestone largely consisting of shells;Shell′-marl, a white earthy deposit, resulting from the accumulation of fragments of shells;Shell′-mound, a shell-heap;Shell′-or′nament, decoration in which any shell-form is prominent.—adj.Shell′proof, proof against, or able to resist, shells or bombs.—ns.Shell′-room, a magazine on board ship where shells are stored;Shell′-sand, sand consisting in great part of fragments of shells, and often containing a small proportion of organic matter, a very useful manure for clay soils, heavy loams, and newly-reclaimed bogs;Shell′work, work composed of or adorned with shells.—adj.Shell′y, consisting of a shell: testaceous.—Shell out, (slang), to hand over, as money. [A.S.scell,scyl; Dut.schel, Ice.skel.]
Shelta, shel′ta,n.a secret jargon of great antiquity spoken by Irish tinkers, beggars, and pipers.—AlsoShelrū,Cainnt cheard,Gam cant,Bog-latin. [Shelrū, a perversion of the Irishbéulra, language.]
Shelter, shel′tėr,n.that which shields or protects: a refuge: a retreat, a harbour: protection.—v.t.to cover or shield: to defend: to conceal.—v.i.to take shelter.—n.Shel′terer.—adjs.Shel′terless;Shel′tery, affording shelter. [Orig.sheltron—A.S.scyld-truma, shield-troop—scyld, shield,truma, troop—trum, firm.]
Shelty,Sheltie, shel′ti,n.a Shetland pony. [Perh. a dim. ofShetland pony.]
Shelve, shelv,v.t.to furnish with shelves: to place on a shelf; to put aside.—n.Shel′ving, the furnishing with shelves: the act of placing on a shelf: shelves or materials for shelves.
Shelve, shelv,v.i.to slope, incline.—n.a ledge.—n.Shel′ving, a shelving place: (rare) a bank.—adj.Shel′vy, sloping, shallow. [Prob. ult. from Ice.skelgja-sk, to come askew—skjálgr, wry.]
Shemitic. Same asSemitic.
Shend, shend,v.t.(Spens.) to disgrace, to reproach, to blame, also to overpower, to surpass:—pa.t.andpa.p.shent. [A.S.scendan, to disgrace—A.S.scand,sceand(Ger.schande), shame.]
She-oak, shē′-ōk,n.one of several shrubs of the Australian genusCasuarina.
Sheol, shē′ōl,n.the place of departed spirits. [Heb.she'ōl, a hollow place—shā'al, to dig out.]
Shepherd, shep′ėrd,n.one who herds sheep: a swain: a pastor:—fem.Shep′herdess.—v.t.to tend as a shepherd: to watch over, protect the interests of, or one's own interests in.—ns.Shep′herdism, pastoral life;Shep′herdling, a little shepherd;Shep′herd's-crook, a long staff, its upper end curved into a hook;Shep′herd's-dog, a dog specially trained to help in tending sheep, the collie or Scotch sheep-dog, &c.;Shep′herd's-flute, a flageolet or the like;Shep′herd's-nee′dle, an annual plant, called also Venus's comb;Shep′herd's-plaid,-tar′tan, a woollen cloth made with black and white checks: this form of pattern itself;Shep′herd's-pouch,-purse, an annual cruciferous plant, with compressed, somewhat heart-shaped seed-vessel;Shep′herd's-rod,-staff, a small kind of teasel.—Shepherd kings(seeHyksos).—The Good Shepherd, a title of Jesus Christ (John, x. 11);The Shepherds, a sect of fanatical shepherds in France about 1251A.D., eager to deliver the imprisoned Louis IX. [A.S.sceáp-hyrde.Sheepandherd.]
Sheppy,Sheppey, shep′i,n.(prov.) a sheep-cote.
Sherbet, shėr′bet,n.a drink of water and fruit juices, sweetened and flavoured. [Through Turk. from Ar.sharbat, a drink—shariba, he drinks.]
Sherd, shėrd,n.SeeShard.
Sherif,Shereef, she-rēf′,n.a descendant of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima: a prince or ruler: the chief magistrate of Mecca. [Ar.sharīf, noble, lofty.]
Sheriff, sher′if,n.the governor of a shire: (English law) the chief officer of the crown in every county or shire, his duties being chiefly ministerial rather than judicial: (Scots law) the chief magistrate and judge of the county: in the United States the office of sheriff is mainly ministerial, his principal duties to maintain peace and order, attend courts, guard prisoners, serve processes, and execute judgments.—ns.Sher′iffalty,Sher′iffdom,Sher′iffship, the office or jurisdiction of a sheriff;Sher′iff-clerk, in Scotland the registrar of the sheriff's court, who has charge of the records of the court;Sher′iff-dep′ute(Scot.), the sheriff proper, so called since the abolition of the heritable jurisdictions in 1748 to distinguish him from the earlier heritableSher′iff-prin′cipal, whose title is now merged in that of the Lord-lieutenant;Sher′iff-off′icer, in Scotland, an officer connected with the sheriff's court, who is charged with arrests, the serving of processes, &c.;Sher′iff-sub′stitute, the acting sheriff in a Scotch county or city, like the sheriff-depute appointed by the crown, but unlike the sheriff-depute forced to reside within his judicial district, and forbidden to take other employment;Un′der-sher′iff, the deputy of an English sheriff who performs the execution of writs. [A.S.scir-geréfa—scir(Eng.shire),geréfa, a governor; cog. with Ger.graf, a count.]
Sherris, sher′is,n.(Shak.). Same asSherry.
Sherry, sher′i,n.a name derived fromXeresorJerezde la Frontera, near Cadiz, and applied to the better kind of white wines grown in the neighbourhood of Xeres.—Sherry cobbler, a cobbler made with sherry.—Natural sherry, a sherry having from two to four per cent. of spirit added to make it keep.
Shet, shet,adj.(U.S.) freed from.
Shetlander, shet′land-ėr,n.a native or inhabitant ofShetland.—Shetland lace, an open-work ornamental trimming made with woollen yarn for shawls, &c.;Shetland pony, a small sturdy and shaggy horse, usually nine to ten hands high, a shelty;Shetland wool, a thin but strong undyed worsted, spun from the wool of the sheep in the Shetland Islands, much used for knitting fine shawls, &c.
Sheuch,Sheugh, shōōh, or shyuh,n.(Scot.) a ditch.
Sheva, she-vä′,n.a Hebrew point (:) written below its consonant, and indicating properly the absence of a vowel (simple sheva). It is either unsounded, as at the close of a syllable (silent sheva), or given a short breathing or neutral sound, as at the beginning of a syllable (vocal sheva). Sometimes it is compounded with the short vowels, formingcompound shevas.
Shew, shō. Same asShow.
Shewbread, shō′bred. Same asShowbread.
Shiah, shē′ä,n.a member of that Mohammedan sect which maintains that Ali, first cousin of Mohammed and husband of his daughter Fatima, was the first legitimate successor of the Prophet, rejecting the three califs of their opponents the Sunnis, as usurpers.—n.Shiism(shē′izm).[Ar.shī'a, sect.]
Shibboleth, shib′bō-leth,n.(B.) a test-word used by the Gileadites under Jephthah to detect the fleeing Ephraimites, who could not pronounce thesh(Judges, xii. 4-6): the criterion or watchword of a party. [Heb., an ear of corn, or a stream.]
Shield.
Shield, shēld,n.a broad plate worn for defence on the left arm: anything that protects: defence: a person who protects: the shield-shaped escutcheon used for displaying arms.—v.t.to defend: (Shak.) to forfend, avert.—v.i.to be a shelter.—ns.Shiel′der;Shield′-fern, a fern, so called from its shape.—adj.Shield′less, defenceless.—adv.Shield′lessly.—n.Shield′lessness.—adj.Shield′-shaped, scutate. [A.S.scyld; Ger.schild, Ice.skiöldr, protection.]
Shieling. See underSheal.
Shift, shift,v.t.to change in form or character: to put out of the way: to dress in fresh clothes.—v.i.to change about: to remove: to change one's clothes: to resort to expedients for some purpose: in violin-playing, to move the left hand from its original position next to the nut.—n.a change: in violin-playing, any position of the left hand except that nearest the nut: a squad or relay of men: a contrivance: an artifice: last resource: a chemise or woman's undermost garment (orig. signifying a change of body-linen).—adj.Shift′able, capable of being shifted.—ns.Shift′er, one who shifts: a trickster;Shift′iness, the character of being shifty.—adj.Shift′ing, unstable: shifty.—adv.Shift′ingly.—adj.Shift′less, destitute of shifts or expedients: unsuccessful, for want of proper means.—adv.Shift′lessly.—n.Shift′lessness.—adj.Shift′y, full of, or ready with, shifts, contrivances, or expedients.—Shift about, to vacillate: to turn quite round to the opposite point;Shift for one's self, to provide for one's self;Shift of crops, rotation of crops;Shift off, to defer: to put away.—Make shift, to find ways and means of doing something, contrive. [A.S.sciftan, to divide, Ice.skipta.]
Shiite, shē′īt,n.the same asShiah(q.v.).—adj.Shiit′ic.
Shikar, shi-kär′,n.in India, hunting, sport.—ns.Shikar′ee,Shikar′i, a hunter. [Hind.]
Shiko, shik′ō,n.a posture of prostration in Burma.
Shillalah, shi-lā′la,n.an oak sapling, the oak or blackthorn cudgel of the conventional Irishman.—AlsoShille′lah,Shillā′ly. [Prob.Shillelagh, an oak-wood in County Wicklow.]
Shilling, shil′ing,n.an English silver coin=12 pence.—Take the shilling, to enlist as a soldier by accepting the recruiting-officer's shilling—discontinued since 1879. [A.S.scilling; Ger.schilling.]
Shilly-shally, shil′i-shal′i,adv.in silly hesitation.—n.foolish trifling: irresolution.—v.i.to hesitate.—n.Shill′y-shall′ier, an irresolute person. [A reduplication of 'Shall I?']
Shilpit, shil′pit,adj.(Scot.) weak, washy: feeble-looking. [Ety. dub.]
Shily, same asShyly. SeeShy.
Shim, shim,n.(mach.) a thin slip used to fill up space caused by wear.—v.t.to wedge up. [Ety. dub.]
Shimmer, shim′ėr,v.i.to gleam tremulously, to glisten.—ns.Shimm′er,Shimm′ering, a tremulous gleam. [A.S.scimrian—scíman, to shine; Ger.schimmern.]
Shin, shin,n.the large bone of the leg or the forepart of it: a bird's shank.—v.i.to climb a tree (withup): to tramp, trudge.—v.t.to climb a tree by swarming up it: to kick on the shins.—ns.Shin′-bone, the tibia;Shin′-piece, a piece of armour defending the forepart of the leg;Shin′-plas′ter(U.S.), a patch of brown-paper steeped in vinegar, &c., laid on a sore: a small paper note or promise to pay. [A.S.scina, the shin (esp. in the compoundscin-bán, shin-bone); Dut.scheen, Ger.schiene.]
Shin, shin,n.a god, or the gods: the term used by Protestant missionaries in Japan and China for the Supreme Being.
Shindy, shin′di,n.the game of shinty, shinny, bandy-ball, or hockey: (slang) a row, disturbance.—Kick up a shindy, to make a disturbance.
Shine, shīn,v.i.to beam with steady radiance: to glitter: to be bright or beautiful: to be eminent.—v.t.to cause to shine:—pa.t.andpa.p.shone (shon), (B.) shīned.—adj.(Spens.) bright.—n.brightness: splendour: fair weather: (slang) disturbance, row, a trick.—n.Shī′ner, that which shines: (slang) a coin, esp. a sovereign: a small American fresh-water fish.—adj.Shī′ning.—adv.Shī′ningly.—n.Shī′ningness.—adj.Shī′ny, clear, unclouded: glossy.—Cause, orMake,the face to shine(B.), to be propitious;Take the shine out of(slang), to outshine, eclipse. [A.S.scínan; Ger.scheinen.]
Shingle, shing′gl,n.wood sawed or split thin, used instead of slates or tiles, for roofing houses: (U.S.) a small sign-board or plate.—v.t.to cover with shingles: to crop the hair very close.—adjs.Shing′led,Shing′le-roofed, having the roof covered with shingles.—ns.Shing′ler;Shing′ling. [Low L.scindula, a wooden tile—L.scindĕre, to split.]
Shingle, shing′gl,n.the coarse gravel on the shores of rivers or of the sea.—adj.Shing′ly. [Orig.single—Norw.singel,singling, shingle—singla, freq. ofsinga, to ring.]
Shingles, shing′glz,n.popular name for the diseaseHerpes zoster. [A corr. of L.cingulum, a belt or girdle—cingĕre, to gird.]
Shinny, shin′i,n.the game of bandy-ball or hockey. [Prob. Gael,sinteag, a bound.]
Shinti-yan, shin′ti-yan,n.the loose drawers worn by Moslem women.—AlsoShin′tigan.
Shinto, shin′tō,n.the system of nature and hero worship forming the indigenous religion of Japan.—ns.Shin′tōism;Shin′tōist. [Jap.,=Chin.shin tao—shin, god,tao, way, doctrine.]
Shinty, shin′ti,n.Same asShinny.
Ship, ship,n.a vessel having three masts, with tops and yards to each: generally, any large sea-going vessel.—v.t.to put on board a ship: to engage for service on board a ship: to transport by ship: to fix in its place.—v.i.to engage for service on shipboard:—pr.p.ship′ping;pa.t.andpa.p.shipped.—ns.Ship′-bis′cuit, hard biscuit for use on shipboard;Ship′board, the deck or side of a ship;Ship′-boy, a boy that serves on board a ship;Ship′-break′er, one who breaks up vessels no longer fit for sea;Ship′-brok′er, a broker who effects sales, insurance, &c. of ships;Ship′builder, one whose occupation is to construct ships;Ship′building;Ship′-canal′, a canal large enough to admit the passage of sea-going vessels;Ship′-cap′tain, one who commands a ship;Ship′-car′penter, a carpenter who works at shipbuilding;Ship′-chand′ler, a dealer in cordage, canvas, and other ship furniture or stores;Ship′-chand′lery, the business wares of a ship-chandler;Ship′-fē′ver, typhus fever, as common on board crowded ships;Ship′ful, as much or as many as a ship will hold;Ship′-hold′er, a ship-owner;Ship′-lett′er, a letter sent by a vessel which does not carry mails;Ship′-load, the load or cargo of a ship;Ship′man, a sailor:—pl.Ship′men;Ship′master, the captain of a ship;Ship′mate, a companion in the same ship;Ship′ment, act of putting on board ship: embarkation: that which is shipped;Ship′-mon′ey, a tyrannical tax imposed by the king on seaports, revived without authorisation of parliament by Charles I. in 1634-37;Ship′-of-the-line, before steam navigation, a man-of-war large enough to take a place in a line of battle;Ship′-own′er, the owner of a ship or ships.—adj.Shipped(Shak.), furnished with a ship or ships.—ns.Ship′per;Ship′ping, ships collectively: tonnage: (Shak.) a voyage;Ship′ping-āg′ent, the agent of a vessel or line of vessels to whom goods are consigned for shipment.—n.pl.Ship′ping-art′icles, articles of agreement, between the captain and his crew.—ns.Ship′ping-bill, invoice of goods embarked;Ship′ping-mas′ter, the official who witnesses signature by the sailors of the articles of agreement;Ship′ping-off′ice, the office of a shipping-agent, or of a shipping-master;Ship′-pound, a unit of weight in the Baltic ports;Ship′-rail′way, a railway by means of which vessels can be carried overland from one body of water to another.—adjs.Ship′-rigged(naut.), rigged like a ship, having three masts with square sails and spreading yards;Ship′shape, in a seaman-like manner: trim, neat, proper.—ns.Ship's′-hus′band, the owner's agent in the management of a ship;Ship′-tire(Shak.), a sort of head-dress, whether from its streamers or its general likeness to a ship;Ship′-way, the supports forming a sliding-way for the building, repairing, and launching of vessels;Ship′-worm, a genus (Teredo) of worm-like molluscs which perforate and live in timber, lining the cavity or tube with a calcareous encrustation;Ship′wreck, the wreck or destruction of a ship: destruction.—v.t.to destroy on the sea: to make to suffer wreck.—ns.Ship′wright, a wright or carpenter who constructs ships;Ship′yard, a yard where ships are built or repaired.—Ship a sea, to have a wave come aboard;Ship's papers, documents required for the manifestation of the property of a ship and cargo;Ship the oars(seeOar).—About ship!an exclamation to pull in the sheet preparatory to changing a ship's course during a tack;Make shipwreck of, to ruin, destroy;On shipboard, upon or within a ship;Take ship, orshipping, to embark. [A.S.scip—scippan, to make—scapan, to shape; Goth.skip, Ice.skip, Ger.schiff.]
Shippen, ship′n,n.(prov.) a stable.—AlsoShip′pon.
Shippo, ship-pō′,n.Japanese enamel, cloisonné.
Shipton, ship′ton,n.usually 'Mother Shipton,' a famous prophetess of popular English tradition, born near Knaresborough in 1488.
Shiraz, shē-räz′,n.a Persian wine. [Shiraz.]
Shire, shīr, shir (in county-names),n.a county, one of the larger divisions of England for political purposes—originally a division of the kingdom under a sheriff, the deputy of the ealdorman: a term also surviving as applied to certain smaller districts in England, as Richmondshire and Hallamshire.—ns.Shire′man, a sheriff;Shire′-moot,Shire′-mote, formerly in England a court of the county held periodically by the sheriff together with the bishop or the ealdorman. [A.S.scir,scire, a county,sciran, a secondary form ofsceran, to cut off.]
Shirk, shėrk,v.t.to avoid, get off or slink away from.—n.Shir′ker.—adj.Shir′ky. [A form ofshark.]
Shirl, shėrl,v.i.(prov.) to slide.
Shirr,Shir, shėr,n.a puckering made in a fabric by parallel gathering-threads.—v.t.to produce such.—adj.Shirred, having lines or cords inserted between the threads, as in certain elastic fabrics.—ns.Shirr′ing, decorative-shirred needlework;Shirr′ing-string, a cord used to gather the threads together in shirred-work. [Ety. dub.]
Shirt, shėrt,n.a short garment worn next the body by men: an interior lining in a blast-furnace.—v.t.to cover as with a shirt.—ns.Shirt′-frill, a fine cambric frill worn in the early years of the 19th century on the breast of the shirt;Shirt′-front, that part of the shirt which is open and covers the breast, generally of finer material, starched stiffly;Shirt′ing, cloth for shirts: shirts collectively.—adj.Shirt′less, without a shirt.—ns.Shirt′-sleeve, the sleeve of a shirt;Shirt′-waist, a woman's overgarment or blouse, coming to the waist and belted there.—Bloody shirt, a blood-stained shirt, as the symbol of murder;Boiled shirt, a white shirt clean washed;In one's shirt-sleeves, without the coat. [Scand.; Ice.skyrta—skortr, shortness.]
Shist, &c. SeeSchist, &c.
Shitepoke, shīt′pōk,n.the North American small green heron.
Shittah, shit′a,n.a tree whose durable wood—Shittim wood—was used in the construction of the Jewish Tabernacle and its furniture—prob. theAcacia seyal. [Heb.shittah, pl.shittīm.]
Shivaree, shiv′a-rē,v.t.(U.S.) to give a mock serenade to.—Alson.[A corr. ofcharivari.]
Shive, shīv,n.(Shak.) a slice, as of bread: a small bung for closing a wide-mouthed bottle. [Scand., Ice.skífa, a slice; Dut.schijf, Ger.scheibe.]
Shiver, shiv′ėr,n.a splinter, or small piece into which a thing breaks by sudden violence.—v.t.to shatter.—v.i.to fall into shivers.—n.Shiv′er-spar, a slaty calcite or calcium carbonate.—adj.Shiv′ery, brittle.—Shiver my timbers, a nautical imprecation. [Skeat explainsshiveras a dim. of the foregoingshive, a thin slice, the same as prov. Eng.sheave, a thin disc of wood, wheel of a pulley—Ice.skífa, a slice; Dut.schijf, Ger.scheibe.]
Shiver, shiv′ėr,v.i.to shake or tremble: to shudder.—v.t.to cause to shake in the wind, as sails.—n.Shiv′ering.—adv.Shiv′eringly, with shivering or trembling.—adj.Shiv′ery, inclined to shiver.—The shivers(coll.), the ague, chills. [M. E.chiveren, a softened form ofkiveren, supposed by Skeat to be a Scand. form ofquiver, and a freq. of Ice.kippa, to pull, the spelling with sh being due to confusion withshiver(n.).]
Shizoku, shē-zō′kōō,n.the two-sworded men of Japan, the gentry proper.
Shoal, shōl,n.a great multitude of fishes swimming together.—v.i.to crowd.—adv.Shoal′wise, in shoals. [A.S.scólu, company—L.schola, school.]
Shoal, shōl,n.a shallow: a place where the water of a river, sea, or lake is not deep: a sandbank.—adj.shallow.—v.i.to grow shallow: to come upon shallows.—ns.Shoal′er, a coasting vessel;Shoal′iness;Shoal′ing, filling up with shoals;Shoal′-mark, a mark set up to indicate shoal-water;Shoal′ness, shallowness.—adj.Shoal′y, full of shoals or shallows: not deep. [Scand.; Ice.skálgr, oblique; cf.Shallow.]
Shock, shok,n.a violent shake: a sudden dashing of one thing against another: violent onset: an offence: a condition of prostration of voluntary and involuntary functions caused by trauma, a surgical operation, or excessive sudden emotional disturbance: (coll.) a sudden attack of paralysis, a stroke: an electrical stimulant to sensory nerves, &c.: any very strong emotion.—v.t.to shake by violence: to offend: to disgust: to dismay.—v.i.to collide with violence.—n.Shock′er(coll.), a very sensational tale.—adj.Shock′ing, offensive, repulsive.—adv.Shock′ingly.—n.Shock′ingness. [Prof. Skeat explains M. E.schokken, to shock, as from O. Fr.choc, a shock,choquer, to give a shock—Old High Ger.scoc, a shock, shaking movement. Cf. A.S.scóc, pa.t. ofsceacan, to shake.]
Shock, shok,n.a heap or pile of sheaves of corn.—v.t.to make up into shocks or stooks.—n.Shock′er. [M. E.schokke—Old Dut.schocke.]
Shock, shok,n.a dog with long, shaggy hair: a mass of shaggy hair.—n.Shock′-dog, a rough-haired dog, a poodle.—adjs.Shock′-head,-ed, having a thick and bushy head of hair. [A variant ofshag.]
Shod, shod,pa.t.andpa.p.ofshoe.
Shoddy, shod′i,n.(orig.) the waste arising from the manufacture of wool: now applied to the wool of old woven fabrics reduced to the state in which it was before being spun and woven, and thus fit for remanufacture: the inferior cloth made from this substance: worthless goods: (coll.) pretence, sham, vulgar and baseless assumption.—adj.made of shoddy: inferior, trashy: pretentious, sham, counterfeit: ambitious by reason of newly-acquired wealth.—n.Shodd′yism. [Shed, to part—A.S.sceádan, to part.]
Shoe, shōō,n.a covering for the foot, not coming above the ankle: a rim of iron nailed to the hoof of an animal to keep it from injury: anything in form or use like a shoe:—pl.Shoes(shōōz).—v.t.to furnish with shoes: to cover at the bottom:—pr.p.shoe′ing;pa.t.andpa.p.shod.—ns.Shoe′-bill, the whalehead (Balæniceps);Shoe′black, one who blacks and cleans shoes or boots;Shoe′-black′ing, blacking for boots and shoes;Shoe′-boy, a boy who cleans shoes;Shoe′-brush, a brush for cleaning boots or shoes;Shoe′-buck′le, a buckle for fastening the shoe on the foot, by means of a latchet passing over the instep;Shoe′-hamm′er, a broad-faced hammer for pounding leather and for driving pegs, &c.;Shoe′horn, a curved piece of horn or metal used in putting on a shoe;Shoe′ing-horn, a shoehorn: (obs.) anything by which a transaction is facilitated;Shoe′-lace, a shoe-string;Shoe′-latch′et, a thong for holding a shoe, sandal, &c. on the foot;Shoe′-leath′er, leather for shoes: shoes or shoeing generally.—adj.Shoe′less, destitute of shoes.—ns.Shoe′maker, one whose trade or occupation is to make shoes or boots;Shoe′making;Shoe′-peg, a small peg of wood or metal for fastening different parts of a shoe together;Sho′er, one who furnishes shoes, a horse-shoer;Shoe′-stretch′er, a last having a movable piece for distending the leather of the shoe in any part;Shoe′-string, a string used to draw the sides of the shoe or boot together;Shoe′-tie, a cord or string for lacing a shoe: (Shak.) a traveller;Shoe′-work′er, one employed in a shoe-factory.—Another pair of shoes(coll.), quite a different matter;Be in one's shoes, orboots, to be in one's place;Die in one's shoes, to die by violence, esp. by hanging;Put the shoe on the right foot, to lay the blame where it rightly belongs. [A.S.sceó; Goth.skohs, Ger.schuh.]
Shog, shog,v.i.to shake, jog, move on, be gone.—v.t.to shake.—n.a jog, shock. [Celt., W.ysgogi, to wag,ysgog, a jolt.]
Shogun, shō′gōōn,n.the title of the commander-in-chief of the Japanese army during the continuance of the feudal system in Japan.—adj.Shō′gunal.—n.Shō′gunate. [Jap.,—sho, to hold,gun, army.]
Shone, shon,pa.t.andpa.p.ofshine.
Shoo, shōō,interj.off! away! to scare away fowls, &c.—v.i.to cry 'Shoo!'—v.t.to drive away by calling 'Shoo!' [Cf. Fr.chou, Gr.sou.]
Shook, shook,pa.t.ofshake.
Shool, shōōl,v.i.to saunter about, to beg.
Shooldarry, shōōl-där′i,n.a small tent with steep sloping roof and low sides. [Hind.]
Shoon, shōōn, an oldpl.ofshoe.
Shoot, shōōt,v.t.to dart: to let fly with force: to discharge from a bow or gun: to strike with a shot: to thrust forward: to pass rapidly through: to lay out, place in position: to hunt over, to kill game in or on: to send forth new parts, as a plant.—v.i.to perform the act of shooting: to variegate, to colour in spots or threads: to be driven along: to fly, as an arrow: to jut out: to germinate: to advance or grow rapidly: to hunt birds, &c., with a gun:—pa.t.andpa.p.shot.—n.act of shooting: a match at shooting, shooting-party: a young branch: (Shak.) a sprouting horn: a passage-way in a mine for letting one down: a sloping trough used for discharging articles or goods from a height: a river-fall, rapid.—adj.Shoot′able, that may be shot, or shot over.—ns.Shoot′er, one who, or that which, shoots;Shoot′ing, act of discharging firearms or an arrow: sensation of a quick pain: act or practice of killing game: right to kill game with firearms on a certain area: the district so limited;Shoot′ing-box, a small house in the country for use in the shooting season;Shoot′ing-gall′ery, a long room used for practice in the use of firearms;Shoot′ing-ī′ron(slang), a revolver;Shoot′ing-jack′et, a short kind of coat for shooting in;Shoot′ing-range, a place for practising shooting at targets at measured distances;Shoot′ing-star, a meteor or falling star;Shoot′ing-stick, a printer's tool of wood or metal, to be struck with a mallet, for driving quoins.—Shoot ahead, to get to the front among a set of competitors;Shoot over, to go out shooting: to hunt upon.—I′llbe shot(slang), a mild imprecation. [A.S.sceótan; Dut.schieten, Ger.schiessen, to dart.]
Shop, shop,n.a building in which goods are sold by retail: a place where mechanics work, or where any kind of industry is pursued: one's own business or profession, also talk about such.—v.i.to visit shops for the purpose of buying.—v.t.(slang) to imprison:—pr.p.shop′ping;pa.p.shopped.—ns.Shop′-bell, a small automatic bell hung to give notice of the opening of a shop-door;Shop′-board, a bench on which work, esp. that of tailors, is done;Shop′-boy,-girl, a boy or girl employed in a shop;Shop′-keeper, one who keeps a shop for the sale of goods by retail;Shop′keeping, the business of keeping a shop;Shop′-lift′er;Shop′-lift′ing, lifting or stealing anything from a shop;Shop′man, one who serves in a shop: a shopkeeper;Shopoc′racy, shopkeepers collectively;Shop′ping, the act of visiting shops to see and buy goods.—adj.Shop′py, commercial: abounding in shops: given to talking shop: concerning one's own pursuit.—ns.Shop′-walk′er, one who walks about in a shop and sees the customers attended to;Shop′woman, a woman employed in a shop.—adj.Shop′-worn, somewhat tarnished by being exposed in a shop.—Fancy shop, a shop where fancy goods are sold.—Shut up shop(coll.), to abandon any enterprise;The other shop(slang), a rival institution or establishment;The whole shop(slang), entirely;Talk shop(coll.), to converse unseasonably about one's own profession. [A.S.sceoppa, a treasury (influenced by O. Fr.eschoppe, a stall.)]
Shore, shōr,pa.t.ofshear.
Shore, shōr,n.the coast or land adjacent to the sea, to a river, or lake.—v.t.(Shak.) to set on shore.—ns.Shor′age, duty on goods when brought on shore from a ship;Shore′-anch′or, the anchor lying towards the shore;Shore′-cliff, a cliff at the water's edge;Shore′-land, land bordering on a shore.—adj.Shore′less, having no coast: indefinite or unlimited.—n.Shores′man, a fisherman along shore: a sole or part owner of a vessel: a longshoreman.—adv.Shore′ward, towards the shore.—n.Shore′-whāl′ing, the pursuit of the whale near the shore. [A.S.score—sceran, to shear.]
Shore, shōr,n.a prop or support for the side of a building, or to keep a vessel in dock steady on the slips.—v.t.to prop (often withup).—ns.Shōr′er;Shōr′ing, the act of supporting with props: a set of props. [Skeat refers to Ice.skortha, a prop, esp. under a boat—skor-inn, pa.p. ofskera, to shear.]
Shore, shōr,v.t.(Scot.) to warn, threaten: to offer. [Perh. a form ofscore, or another form ofsure, equivalent toassure.]
Shorl,Shorlaceous. SeeSchorl.
Shorn, shorn,pa.p.of shear.—n.Shōr′ling,Shōre′ling, a newly-shorn sheep.
Short, short,adj.(comp.Short′er,superl.Short′est) not long in time or space: not tall: near at hand, early in date: scanty, lacking, insufficient: in error, deficient in wisdom, grasp, memory, &c.: narrow: abrupt, curt, sharp, uncivil: brittle, crumbling away readily: not prolonged in utterance, unaccented: (coll.) undiluted with water, neat: falling below a certain standard (withof): of stocks, &c., not having in possession when selling, not able to meet one's engagements, pertaining to short stocks or to those who have sold short.—adv.not long.—n.a summary account: a short time or syllable: whatever is deficient in number, quantity, &c.: a short sale, one who has made such: (pl.) small clothes, knee-breeches: the bran and coarse part of meal, in mixture.—ns.Short′age, deficiency;Short′-allow′ance, less than the regular allowance;Short′-and, the character '&,' the ampersand.—adj.Short′-armed, having short arms, not reaching far.—ns.Short′-bill, one having less than ten days to run;Short′-cake, a rich tea-cake made short and crisp with butter or lard and baked—alsoShort′-bread(Scot.): (U.S.) a light cake, prepared in layers with fruit between, served with cream;Short′-cir′cuit(electr.), a path of comparatively low resistance between two points of a circuit.—n.pl.Short′-clothes, small clothes, the dress of young children after the first long clothes.—v.t.Short′-coat, to dress in short-coats.—n.pl.Short′-coats, the shortened skirts of a child when the first long clothes are left off.—n.Short′coming, act of coming or falling short of produce or result: neglect of, or failure in, duty.—n.pl.Short′-comm′ons(seeCommon).—n.Short′-cross, the short cross-bar of a printer's chase.—adjs.Short′-cut, cut short instead of in long shreds—of tobacco, &c.—alson.;Short′-dāt′ed, having short or little time to run from its date, as a bill.—n.Short′-divi′sion, a method of division with a divisor not larger than 12—opp. toLong-division.—v.t.Short′en, to make short: to deprive: to make friable.—v.i.to become short or shorter: to contract.—n.Short′-gown, a loose jacket with a skirt, worn by women, a bed-gown.—adj.Short′-grassed(Shak.), provided or covered with short grass.—n.Short′hand, an art by which writing is made shorter and easier, so as to keep pace with speaking.—adj.Short′-hand′ed, not having the proper number of servants, work-people, &c.—ns.Short′hander, a stenographer;Short′-horn, one of a breed of cattle having very short horns—DurhamandTeeswater.—adj.Short′-horned.—n.Short′-hose, the stockings of the Highland dress, reaching to the knee, as opposed to the long hose formerly worn by Englishmen.—adjs.Short′-joint′ed, short between the joints: having a short pastern;Short′-legged(Shak.), having short legs;Short′-lived, living or lasting only for a short time.—adv.Short′ly, in a short time: in a brief manner: quickly: soon.—ns.Short′-mē′tre(seeMetre);Short′ness;Short′-pull, a light impression on a hand-press;Short′-rib, one of the lower ribs, not reaching to the breast-bone, a false or floating rib.—adj.Short′-sight′ed, having sight extending but a short distance: unable to see far: of weak intellect: heedless.—adv.Short′-sight′edly.—n.Short′-sight′edness.—adjs.Short′-spō′ken, sharp and curt in speech;Short′-stā′ple, having the fibre short.—n.Short′-stop, the player at base-ball between the second and third base.—adjs.Short′-tem′pered, easily put into a rage;Short′-wind′ed, affected with shortness of wind or breath;Short′-wit′ted, having little wit, judgment, or intellect.—At short sight, meaning that a bill is payable soon after being presented;Be taken short(coll.), to be suddenly seized with a desire to evacuate fæces;Come, Cut, Fall, short(seeCome,Cut,Fall);In short, in a few words;Make short work of, to settle some difficulty or opposition promptly;Take up short, to check or to answer curtly;The long and short, the whole. [A.S.sceort; Old High Ger.scurz; the Dut. and Sw.kort, Ger.kurz, are borrowed from L.curtus.]
Shot,pa.t.andpa.p.ofshoot.
Shot, shot,adj.(Spens.) advanced in years.—n.a young pig. [Perh. pa.p. ofshoot.]
Shot, shot,n.act of shooting: a marksman: a missile: flight of a missile, or the distance passed by it: small globules of lead: (gun.) solid projectiles generally: a small pellet, of which there are a number in one charge: range of shot, reach: one cast or set of fishing-nets: the act of shooting, one who shoots, a marksman: a plot of land, a square furlong: a stroke in billiards, &c.—v.t.to load with shot:—pr.p.shot′ting;pa.p.shot′ted.—ns.Shot′-belt, a belt with a pouch for carrying shot;Shot′-cart′ridge, a cartridge containing small shot;Shot′-gauge, an instrument for measuring the size of round-shot;Shot′-gun, a smooth-bore gun for small shot, a fowling-piece;Shot′-hole, a hole made by a shot or bullet: a blasting-hole ready for a blast;Shot′-of-a-cā′ble, a length of rope as it comes from the rope-walk;Shot′-pouch, a pouch for small shot.—adjs.Shot′-proof, proof against shot;Shot′ted, loaded with ball and powder: having a shot or weight attached.—ns.Shot′-tow′er, a place where small shot is made by dropping molten lead through a colander in rapid motion from a considerable height into water;Shot′-win′dow, a projecting window in the staircases of old Scotch wooden houses.—A bad shot, a wrong guess;A shot in the locker, a last reserve of money, food, &c.
Shot, shot,adj.having a changeable colour, chatoyant, as silk, alpaca, &c.
Shot, shot,n.a reckoning, a share of a tavern-bill, &c.—adj.Shot′-free(Shak.), exempted from paying one's share of the reckoning or of expense. [Scot.]
Shotten, shot′n,p.adj.(Shak.) having ejected the spawn: shooting out into angles: dislocated, as a bone. [Fromshoot.]
Shough, shok,n.(Shak.). Same asShock, a dog.
Should, shood,pa.t.ofshall. [A.S.sceolde,pa.t.ofsceal; cf.Shall.]