Snatchblock.
Snatch, snach,v.t.to seize quickly: to take without permission: to seize and carry away.—v.i.to try to seize hastily.—n.a hasty catching or seizing: a short time of exertion: a small piece or fragment: a catching of the voice: a hasty snack of food: a quibble.—ns.Snatch′-block, a kind of pulley-block, having an opening in the side to receive the bight of a rope;Snatch′er, one who snatches.—adv.Snatch′ingly.—adj.Snatch′y, irregular. [M. E.snacchen; cog. with Dut.snakken, Prov. Eng.sneck, a bolt; also conn. withsnap.]
Snathe, snāth,n.the curved handle of a scythe. [A variant ofsnead.]
Snead, snēd,n.the handle of a scythe, a snathe. [A.S.snǽd—sníthan, to cut.]
Sneak, snēk,v.i.to creep or steal away privately or meanly: to behave meanly.—v.t.(slang) to steal.—n.a mean, servile fellow: a mean thief.—ns.Sneak′-cup(Shak.), one who balks his glass: a cowardly, insidious scoundrel;Sneak′er.—adj.Sneak′ing, mean, crouching: secret, underhand, not openly avowed.—adv.Sneak′ingly.—ns.Sneak′ingness,Sneak′iness, the quality of being sneaking: meanness;Sneaks′by(obs.), a sneak.—adj.Sneak′y, somewhat sneaking. [A.S.snícan, to creep; Dan.snige. Cf.Snake.]
Sneap, snēp,v.t.to check, to rebuke: to nip.—n.a check, a reprimand, taunt, sarcasm.—AlsoSnape.
Sneb, a form ofsnib,snub.
Sneck, snek,n.(Scot.) the catch of a door or a lid.—v.t.to latch or shut a door.—n.Sneck′-draw′er, one who lifts the latch for thievish ends, a mean thief.—adjs.Sneck′-draw′ing,Sneck′-drawn, crafty, cunning.—interj.Sneck-up′(Shak.), go hang! [Prob.snack, to catch.]
Sneck, snek,v.t.(Scot.) to cut [Snick.]
Snee, snē,n.a large knife. [Dut.snee,snede, a slice; Ger.schneide, edge.]
Sneer, snēr,v.i.to show contempt by the expression of the face, as by turning up the nose: to insinuate contempt.—v.t.to utter sneeringly.—n.an indirect expression of contempt.—n.Sneer′er.—adj.Sneer′ing.—adv.Sneer′ingly. [Scand., Dan.snærre, to grin like a dog; cf.Snarl.]
Sneeshing, snēsh′ing,n.(Scot.) snuff, or a pinch of snuff.
Sneeze, snēz,v.i.to make a sudden and involuntary violent expiration, preceded by one or more inspirations, the fauces being generally closed so that the current of air is directed through the nose.—n.a sneezing.—ns.Sneeze′weed, any species ofHelenium;Sneeze′wood, the durable wood of a small South African tree whose sawdust causes sneezing:Sneeze′wort, the white hellebore: theAchillea Ptarmica;Sneez′ing.—Not to be sneezed at, not to be despised, of very considerable value or importance. [M. E.snesen,fnesen—A.S.fneósan, to sneeze; Dut.fniezen.]
Snell, snel,adj.(Scot.) keen, sharp, severe. [A.S.snel,snell, active; Ger.schnell, swift.]
Snib, snib,n.(Spens.) a check or reprimand. [Snub.]
Snib, snib,n.(Scot.) the bolt of a door.—v.t.to bolt.
Snick, snik,v.t.to cut, snip, nick.—n.a small cut: a knot in yarn when too tightly twisted.—n.Snick′ersnee, a knife.—Snick and snee, a fight with knives, also a knife. [Ice.snikka, to nick, cut.]
Snicker, snik′ėr,v.i.to laugh, to giggle in a half-suppressed way.—v.t.to say gigglingly.—n.a giggle, a half-smothered laugh. [Low Ger.snukken, to sob, Dut.snikken, to gasp; cf.Neighand Scot.nicker; all imit.]
Snide, snīd,adj.(slang) sharp, dishonest.—n.a sharper, a cheat.
Sniff, snif,v.t.to draw in with the breath through the nose.—v.i.to snuff or draw in air sharply through the nose: to snuff.—n.perception of smell: a short sharp inhalation, or the sound made by such.—v.i.Snif′fle, to snuffle.—n.Snif′fler, a slight breeze.—adj.Snif′fy, inclined to be disdainful.—vs.i.Snift, to sniff, snivel;Snift′er, to sniff.—n.a sniff: (pl.) stoppage of the nasal passages in catarrh: (slang) a dram: (U.S.) a severe storm.—n.Snift′ing-valve, an air-valve connecting with a steam-cylinder, as in a condensing engine—alsoTail-valve,Blow-valve.—adj.Snift′y(slang), having a tempting smell. [Scand.; Dan.snive, snuff; Ger.schnieben.]
Snig, snig,v.t.(prov.) to cut.
Snigger, snig′ėr,v.i.to laugh in a half-suppressed, broken manner.—n.a half-suppressed laugh. [Imit.]
Sniggle, snig′l,v.i.to fish for eels by thrusting the bait into their hiding-places.—v.t.to catch by this means: to ensnare.—n.Snig(prov.), an eel.
Snip, snip,v.t.to cut off at once with scissors: to cut off the nib of: to cut off: to make signs with, as the fingers:—pr.p.snip′ping;pa.t.andpa.p.snipped.—n.a single cut with scissors: a clip or small shred: a share, snack: a tailor.—ns.Snip′per, one who snips, a tailor;Snip′per-snap′per, a little trifling fellow;Snip′pet, a little piece snipped off.—adj.Snip′pety, trivial, fragmentary.—n.Snip′ping, a clipping.—adj.Snip′py, fragmentary: stingy.—n.pl.Snips, a pair of strong hand-shears for sheet-metal.—n.Snip′-snap, tart dialogue with quick replies.—adj.(Shak.) quick, short. [Dut.snippen; Ger.schnippen; closely conn. withsnap.]
Snipe, snīp,n.the name of a genus (Gallinago) and of a family (Scolopacidæ) of birds, orderGrallæ, having a long straight flexible bill, frequenting marshy places all over Europe: a fool: a simpleton: (U.S.) a half-smoked cigar picked up on the street: a long bill or account. [Scand., Ice.snípa; Dut.snip,snep, Ger.schnepfe.]
Snipe, snīp,v.i.to pick off stealthily by a long rifle-shot, as from the surrounding hills into a camp, &c.—n.Snīp′ing, the foregoing practice.
Snirt, snirt,n.a smothered laugh.—v.i.Snirt′le, to snicker. [A variant ofsnortle.]
Snitcher, snich′ėr,n.(slang) an informer: a handcuff.
Snivel, sniv′l,v.i.to run at the nose: to cry, as a child:—pr.p.sniv′elling;pa.t.andpa.p.sniv′elled.—n.snot: cant, an affected tearful state.—n.Sniv′eller, one prone to snivelling: one who cries for slight causes.—adjs.Sniv′elling, snotty: weakly tearful;Sniv′elly, snotty, whining. [A.S.snofel, mucus from the nose; akin tosniff,snuff.]
Snob, snob,n.a vulgar person, esp. one who apes gentility, a tuft-hunter: a shoemaker: a workman who works for lower wages than his fellows, a rat, one who will not join a strike: a townsman, as opposed to a gownsman, in Cambridge slang.—n.Snob′bery, the quality of being snobbish.—adj.Snob′bish.—adv.Snob′bishly.—ns.Snob′bishness;Snob′bism.—adj.Snob′by.—ns.Snob′ling, a little snob;Snoboc′racy, snobs as a powerful class;Snobog′rapher;Snobog′raphy, the description of snobs and snobbery. [Prob. prov.snap, a boy, from Ice.snápr, a dolt; Sw. dial.snopp, a boy.]
Snod, snod,adj.(Scot.) neat, trim.—v.t.to trim, set in order (with up). [Conn. with A.S.snǽdan, to cut, prune.]
Snood, snōōd,n.the fillet which binds a maiden's hair: the hair-line, gut, &c. by which a fish-hook is fixed to the line.—adj.Snood′ed, having, or wearing, a snood. [A.S.snód; cf. Ice.snúa, Sw.sno, to twist.]
Snook, snōōk,v.i.to lurk, prowl about: to smell out—(Scot.)Snouk. [Low Ger.snoken, to search for; Ice.snaka, to snuff about.]
Snook, snōōk,n.one of several fishes—the cobia, a robalo, a garfish, a Cape carangoid fish. [Dut.snoek, a pike.]
Snooker, snōōk′ėr,n.a variety of the game of 'pool.'
Snool, snōōl,v.i.(Scot.) to submit tamely to wrong or oppression.—n.one who does so. [Contr. ofsnivel.]
Snoop, snōōp,v.i.to go about sneakingly. [Snook.]
Snooze, snōōz,v.i.to doze.—n.a nap.—n.Snooz′er. [Prob. the same as snore, influenced by sneeze.]
Snooze, snōōz,v.i.to doze: to slumber.—n.a quiet nap.—n.Snooz′er. [Prob. the same assnore, influenced bysneeze.]
Snore, snōr,v.i.to breathe roughly and hoarsely in sleep.—n.a noisy breathing in sleep.—ns.Snōr′er;Snō′ring, an abnormal and noisy mode of respiration produced by deep inspirations and expirations through the nose and open mouth, the noise being caused by the vibration of the soft palate and uvula. [A.S.snora, a snore; allied tosnarl.]
Snort, snort,v.i.to force the air with violence and noise through the nostrils, as horses: to laugh boisterously.—v.t.to express by a snort: to force out, as by a snort.—ns.Snort′er;Snort′ing.—adv.Snort′ingly. [Scand., Dan.snorke, to snort; Dut.snorken, Ger.schnarchen.]
Snot, snot,n.mucus of the nose: a mean fellow.—v.i.to blow the nose.—v.i.Snot′ter, to breathe through an obstruction in the nostrils, to sob, cry.—n.the wattles of a turkey-cock: (Scot.) snot.—n.Snot′tery, snot, filthiness.—adv.Snot′tily.—n.Snot′tiness.—adjs.Snot′ty;Snot′ty-nosed. [M. E.snotte; cf. Dut.snot; allied tosnout.]
Snotter, snot′ėr,n.(naut.) the lower support of the sprit.
Snout, snowt,n.the projecting nose of a beast, as of a swine: any similar projecting proboscis, beak, &c.—v.t.to furnish with a snout.—adjs.Snout′ed;Snout′y. [Scand., Sw.snut; Ger.schnauze, Dut.snuit.]
Snow, snō,n.the crystalline form into which the excess of vapour in the atmosphere is condensed when the temperature is below freezing: a snowfall: a winter: (her.) white argent.—v.i.andv.t.to fall in snow, to cover with snow.—n.Snow′ball, a ball made of snow pressed hard together: a shrub bearing a round white flower, the guelder-rose: a round pudding of rice with an apple in the centre, a mass of boiled rice shaped in a cup: white of egg beaten stiff and placed on the surface of a custard.—v.t.to throw snowballs at.—v.i.to throw snowballs.—ns.Snow′-ber′ry, a bushy, deciduous shrub, bearing white berries;Snow′-bird, a North American bird of the Finch family, the upper parts lead-colour, the lower parts white.—adj.Snow′-blind, affected with snow-blindness.—ns.Snow′-blind′ness, amblyopia caused by the reflection of light from snow;Snow′-blink, a peculiar reflection arising from fields of snow, like ice-blink;Snow′-boot, a boot made to protect the feet while walking in snow;Snow′-box, a theatrical apparatus for representing a snowfall;Snow′-break, a melting of snow;Snow′-broth, snow and water mixed, any very cold liquid;Snow′-bunt′ing,Snow′-flick, a bird of the Finch family, Bunting sub-family, abounding in the Arctic regions.—adjs.Snow′-capped,-capt, covered with snow;Snow′-cold, as cold as snow.—ns.Snow′-drift, a bank of snow drifted together by the wind;Snow′drop, a genus of plants of the natural orderAmaryllis, with bell-shaped flower arising from a spathe, bulbous root, two leaves and one single-flowered leafless stem.—ns.pl.Snow′-eyes,-gogg′les, an Eskimo contrivance to prevent snow-blindness.—n.Snow′fall, a quiet fall of snow: the amount falling in a given time.—adj.Snow′-fed, begun or increased by melted snow, as a stream.—ns.Snow′field, a wide range of snow, esp. where permanent;Snow′-finch, the stone- or mountain-finch;Snow′flake, a feathery flake of snow: the snow-bunting: a bulbous-rooted garden flower, resembling the snowdrop, but larger;Snow′-fly, a perlid insect or kind of stone-fly found leaping on the snow;Snow′-ice, ice formed from freezing slush.—adv.Snow′ily.—n.Snow′iness.—adjs.Snow′ish, resembling snow;Snow′less;Snow′-like;Snow′-limbed, with limbs white as snow.—ns.Snow′line, the line upon a mountain that marks the limit ofSnowshoe.perpetual snow;Snow′-owl, the great white owl of northern regions;Snow′-plough, a machine for clearing roads and railways from snow;Snow′shoe, a great flat shoe worn to prevent sinking in the snow.—v.i.to walk or travel on such.—ns.Snow′-slip, a mass of snow which slips down a mountain's side;Snow′storm, a storm accompanied with falling snow.—adj.Snow′-white, as white as snow: very white.—n.Snow′-wreath(Scot.), a snowdrift.—adj.Snow′y, abounding or covered with snow: white, like snow: pure. [A.S.snáw; Ger.schnee, L.nix,nivis.]
Snow, snō,n.a vessel once much in use, differing only from a brig in having the boom-mainsail traversing on the trysail-mast, instead of hooped to the mainmast. [Dut.snaauw, a boat.]
Snub, snub,v.t.to check, to reprimand: to slight intentionally, to rebuff by a cutting remark or retort:—pr.p.snub′bing;pa.t.andpa.p.snubbed.—n.an act of snubbing, any deliberate slight.—adjs.Snub, flat and broad, with the end slightly turned up;Snub′bish, inclined to snub or check;Snub′by, somewhat snub.—n.Snub′-nose, a short or flat nose.—adj.Snub′-nosed.—ns.Snub′-,Snub′bing-post, a post round which a rope is wound to check the motion of a horse or boat.—Snub a cable, to check it suddenly in running out. [Scand., Dan.snibbe, to reprove, Sw.snubba.]
Snudge, snuj,v.i.(obs.) to be snug and quiet.
Snudge, snuj,v.i.to save in a miserly way.—n.a mean stingy fellow.
Snuff, snuf,v.i.to draw in air violently and noisily through the nose: to sniff: to smell at anything doubtfully: to take snuff into the nose.—v.t.to draw into the nose: to smell, to examine by smelling.—n.a powdered preparation of tobacco or other substance for snuffing, a pinch of such: a sniff: resentment, huff.—ns.Snuff′-box, a box for snuff;Snuff′-dip′ping, the habit of dipping a wetted stick into snuff and rubbing it on the gums;Snuff′er, one who snuffs;Snuff′iness, state of being snuffy.—v.i.Snuf′fle, to breathe hard through the nose.—n.the sound made by such: a nasal twang: cant.—n.Snuf′fler, one who snuffles or speaks through his nose when obstructed.—n.pl.Snuf′fles, nasal catarrh and consequent stoppage of the nose.—ns.Snuff′ling;Snuff′-mill, a machine for grinding tobacco into snuff;Snuff′-mull, a snuff-box;Snuff′-spoon, a spoon for taking snuff from a snuff-box;Snuff′-tāk′er, one who snuffs habitually;Snuff′-tāking.—adj.Snuff′y, soiled with, or smelling of, snuff.—Take a thing in snuff(Shak.), to take offence;Up to snuff, knowing, not likely to be taken in. [Dut.snuffen,snuf; Ger.schnaufen, to snuff.]
Snuffers.
Snuff, snuf,v.t.to crop or pinch the snuff from, as a burning candle.—n.the charred portion of a candle or lamp-wick: a candle almost burnt out.—ns.pl.Snuff′-dishes(B.), dishes for the snuff of the lamps of the tabernacle;Snuff′ers, an instrument for taking the snuff off a candle.—Snuff out, to extinguish by snuffing, to end by a sudden stroke. [M. E.snuffen, forsnuppen—Scand., Sw. dial.snóppa, to snip off, Dan.snubbe, to nip off.]
Snug, snug,adj.lying close and warm: comfortable: not exposed to view or notice: being in good order: compact: fitting close.—v.i.to move so as to lie close.—v.t.to make smooth.—n.Snug′gery, a cosy little room.—v.i.Snug′gle, to cuddle, nestle.—v.t.Snug′ify(Lamb), to make snug.—adv.Snug′ly.—n.Snug′ness. [Scand., Ice.snögg-r, smooth.]
Snuzzle, snuz′l,v.i.(prov.) to rub the nose against and snuff.
Sny, snī,n.a gentle bend in timber, curving upwards. [Prob. Ice.snúa, to turn.]
So, sō,adv.in this manner or degree: thus: for like reason: in such manner or degree: in a high degree: as has been stated: on this account: an abbrev. for Is it so? be it so.—conj.provided that: in case that.—interj.stand as you are! steady! stop! by way of command.—adj.So′-called, generally styled thus—usually implying doubt.—So and so, an undetermined or imaginary person;So as, in such a manner as, with such a purpose as: if only, on condition that;So far, to that extent, degree, or point;So forth, denoting more of the same or a like kind;So much, as much as is implied or mentioned: such an amount not determined or stated;So much as, to whatever extent;So on, so forth;So so, only thus, only tolerably;So that, with the purpose that: with the result that: if only;So then, thus then it is, therefore;So to say, orspeak, to use that expression.—Or so, or thereabouts;Quite so, just as you have said, exactly. [A.S.swá; Ice.svá, Goth.swa, Ger.so.]
Soak, sōk,v.t.to steep in a fluid: to wet thoroughly: to drench: to draw in by the pores.—v.i.to be steeped in a liquid: to enter into pores: to drink to excess, to guzzle.—n.process or act of soaking: a hard drinker, a carouse.—ns.Soak′age, act of soaking: the amount soaked in;Soak′er, a habitual drunkard.—p.adj.Soak′ing, that wets thoroughly: drenching, as rain.—adv.Soak′ingly.—adj.Soak′y, steeped, wet. [A.S.súcan, to suck, pa.t.seác, pa.p.socen.]
Soap, sōp,n.a compound of oils or fats with soda (hard soaps) or potash (soft soaps), used in washing: (slang) soft words, flattery: (U.S. slang) money used for bribery and other secret political purposes.—v.t.to rub or wash with soap: to flatter.—ns.Soap′-ball, soap made into a ball, often with starch, as an emollient;Soap′berry, the fruit of several species of trees belonging to the genusSapindus, containing a pulp useful as a substitute for soap in washing;Soap′-boil′er, one whose occupation is to make soap;Soap′-boil′ing, the occupation of making soap;Soap′-bub′ble, a bubble made from soap-suds by blowing through a pipe;Soap′iness;Soap′-lock, a lock of hair brushed apart from the rest: a rowdy;Soap′-pan, a large tank for boiling the ingredients in soap-making;Soap′-plant, a plant the bulb of which makes a thick lather when rubbed on clothes, and is used as soap;Soap′-stone, a soft kind of magnesian rock having a soapy feel, also called Steatite;Soap′-suds(s.andpl.), soapy water, esp. when worked into a foam;Soap′-test, a test for determining the degree of hardness of water;Soap′-works, a place where soap is made;Soap′wort, a genus of plants, some of the species of which have very beautiful flowers, and the root and leaves of which contain saponin, and hence are sometimes used in washing.—adj.Soap′y, like soap: having the qualities of soap: covered with soap: flattering, or pertaining to flattery. [A.S.sápe; Dut.zeep, Ger.seife.]
Soar, sōr,v.i.to mount into the air: to fly aloft: to rise to a height, also mentally or morally.—n.act of soaring: the height reached in soaring.—adjs.Soar′ant(her.), flying aloft;Soar′ing.—adv.Soar′ingly, having an upward direction. [O. Fr.essorer, to expose to air—L.ex, out of, aura, air.]
Sob, sob,v.i.to sigh in a convulsive manner, with tears: to weep with convulsive catchings of the breath, due to contractions of the diaphragm, accompanied by a closure of the glottis, preventing the entrance of air into the lungs.—v.t.to utter with sobs:—pr.p.sob′bing;pa.t.andpa.p.sobbed.—n.a short, convulsive sigh, any similar sound.—n.Sob′bing.—adv.Sob′bingly. [Conn. with A.S.seófian, to sigh; Ger.seufzen.]
Sobeit, sō-bē′it,conj.if it be so.
Sober, sō′bėr,adj.not wild or passionate: self-possessed: sedate: grave: calm: regular: simple in colour, sombre: not drunk: temperate, esp. in the use of liquors: (Scot.) poor, feeble.—v.t.to make sober: to free from intoxication.—adj.Sō′ber-blood′ed, cool.—v.t.Sō′berise, to make sober.—adv.Sō′berly.—adj.Sō′ber-mind′ed, habitually calm and temperate.—ns.Sō′ber-mind′edness, the state of being sober-minded: freedom from inordinate passion: calmness;Sō′berness;Sō′bersides, a sedate and solemn person.—adj.Sō′ber-suit′ed, dressed in a suit of sad-coloured clothes.—n.Sōbrī′ety, state or habit of being sober: calmness: gravity. [Fr.sobre—L.sobrius—se, apart, not,ebrius, drunk.]
Sobol, sō′bol,n.the Russian sable. [Polish.]
Soboles, sob′ō-lēz,n.(bot.) a shoot or sucker.—adj.Sobolif′erous. [L.suboles—sub, under,olēre, to grow.]
Sobranje, sō-brän′ye,n.the national assembly of Bulgaria.—AlsoSobran′ye. [Bulg.]
Sobriquet, sō-brē-kā′,n.a contemptuous nickname: an assumed name.—AlsoSoubriquet′. [Fr.,—O. Fr.soubzbriquet, a chuck under the chin,soubz,sous—L.sub, under,briquet, breast; cf.Brisket.]
Socage,Soccage, sok′āj,n.the tenure of lands by service fixed and determinate in quality.—ns.Soc′ager,Soc′man, a tenant by socage;Soc′manry, tenure by socage. [A.S.sóc, a right of holding a court—sóc,pa.t.ofsacan, to contend.]
So-called, sō′-kawld,adj.See underSo.
Sociable, sō′sha-bl,adj.inclined to society: fit for company: companionable: affording opportunities for intercourse.—n.a four-wheeled open carriage with seats facing: a tricycle for two persons side by side: a couch with a curved S-shaped back: (U.S.) an informal party, a social church meeting.—ns.Sōciabil′ity,Sō′ciableness, quality of being sociable: good-fellowship.—adv.Sō′ciably.—adj.Sō′cial, pertaining to society or companionship: relating to men united in a society: inclined for friendly intercourse: consisting in mutual converse: convivial: associating together, gregarious: growing in patches.—v.t.Sō′cialise, to reduce to a social state: to render social.—ns.Sō′cialism, the name given to any one of various schemes for regenerating society by a more equal distribution of property, and esp. by substituting the principle of association for that of competition;Sō′cialist, an adherent of socialism.—adj.Socialist′ic.—ns.Social′ity,Sō′cialness.—adv.Sō′cially.—adjs.Sō′ciātive, expressing association;Societā′rian,Socī′etary, of or pertaining to society.—ns.Socī′ety, fellowship, companionship: a number of persons associated for a common interest: a community or partnership: the civilised body of mankind, those who are recognised as the leaders in fashionable life, the fashionable world generally: persons who associate: any organised association for purposes literary, scientific, philanthropic, or ecclesiastical;Socī′ety-house, a printing office which conforms to the rules of a trade-union;Socī′ety-verse, poetry light and entertaining, treating of the topics of society so called.—Social science, sociology, esp. the branch treating of the existing institutions of men as members of society, the science which treats of social relations;SocialWar, the war (90-88 b.c.) in which the Italian tribes known as the allies (Socii) fought for admission into Roman citizenship.—Socialism of the Chair, a term first applied about 1872 in ridicule to the doctrines of a school of political economists in Germany whose aim was mainly to better the condition of the working-classes through remedial state-legislation, by factory-acts, savings-banks, insurances against sickness and old age, shortening the hours of labour, sanitation, &c.—also calledProfessorial socialism, and having much the same ends and methods as theState socialismof Bismarck.—Christian socialism, a movement for applying Christian ethics to social reform, led by Maurice, Kingsley, and others about 1848-52.—The societies, bodies that began to be organised in 1681 for the maintenance of Presbyterian worship in the face of persecution—ultimately forming the Reformed Presbyterian Church. [Fr.,—L.sociabilis—sociāre, to associate—socius, a companion.]
Socinian, sō-sin′i-an,adj.pertaining toSocinus, the name of two celebrated heresiarchs, uncle and nephew, who in the 16th century denied the doctrine of the Trinity, the deity of Christ, &c.—n.a follower of Lælius and Faustus Socinus, one who refuses to accept the divinity of Christ, a Unitarian.—n.Socin′ianism, the doctrines ofSocinus.
Sociology, sō-shi-ol′ō-ji,n.the science that treats of man as a social being, in the origin, organisation, and development of human society and human culture, esp. on the side of social and political institutions, including ethics, political economy, &c.—ns.Sociog′eny, the science of the origin of society;Sociog′raphy, the branch of sociology devoted to noting and describing the results of observation.—adjs.Sociolog′ic,-al.—adv.Sociolog′ically.—ns.Sociol′ogist, one devoted to the study of sociology;Sō′cius, an associate: a fellow of an academy, &c. [A hybrid from L.socius, a companion, and Gr.logia—legein, to speak.]
Sock, sok,n.a kind of half-stocking: comedy, originally a low-heeled light shoe, worn by actors of comedy. [A.S.socc—L.soccus.]
Sock, sok,n.a ploughshare. [O. Fr.soc—Celt., Bret.souc'h, Gael.soc.]
Sock, sok,v.t.(prov.andslang) to throw: to strike hard, to give a drubbing.
Sockdologer, sok-dol′ō-jėr,n.(Amer. slang) a conclusive argument: a knock-down blow: anything very big, a whopper: a form of fish-hook. [A corr. ofdoxologyas the closing act of a service.]
Socket, sok′et,n.a hollow into which something is inserted, the receptacle of the eye, &c.: a hollow tool for grasping and lifting tools dropped in a well-boring: the hollow of a candlestick: a steel apparatus attached to the saddle to protect thighs and legs.—v.t.to provide with or place in a socket.—n.Sock′et-bolt, a bolt for passing through a thimble placed between the parts connected by the bolt.—p.adj.Sock′eted, provided with, placed in, or received in a socket. [A dim. of sock.]
Socle, sō′kl,n.(archit.) a plain, square, flat member used instead of a pedestal to support a column, &c.: a plain face or plinth at the foot of a wall. [Fr.—It.zoccolo—L.socculus, dim. ofsoccus, a high-heeled shoe, as if a support.]
Socratic,-al, sō-krat′ik, -al,adj.pertaining toSocrates, a celebrated Greek philosopher (469-399B.C.), to his philosophy, or to his manner of teaching, which was an art of inducing his interlocutors to discover their own ignorance and need of knowledge by means of a series of simple questions.—adv.Socrat′ically.—ns.Soc′ratism, the philosophy ofSocrates;Soc′ratist, a disciple ofSocrates.
Sod, sod,n.any surface of earth grown with grass, &c.: turf.—adj.consisting of sod.—v.t.to cover with sod.—adj.Sod′dy, covered with sod: turfy.—The old sod, one's native soil. [Low Ger.sode; Ger.sode; perh. conn. with A.S.seáth, a well—seóthan (pa.p.soden), to boil.]
Sod, sod, obsoletepa.t.ofseethe.
Soda, sō′da,n.oxide of sodium, or its hydrate: the alkali obtained from the ashes of marine vegetables, or by decomposing sea-salt: (coll.) soda-water.—ns.Sō′da-ash, sodium carbonate;Sō′da-crack′er, a biscuit made of flour and water, with salt, bicarbonate of soda, and cream of tartar;Sō′da-fount′ain, a metal or marble case for holding water charged with carbonic-acid gas.—adj.Sodā′ic, pertaining to, or containing, soda.—ns.Sō′da-lime, a mixture of caustic soda and quicklime;Sō′dalite, a mineral composed chiefly of soda, along with silica, alumina, and hydrochloric acid;Sō′da-pā′per, a paper saturated with sodium carbonate;Sō′da-salt, a salt having soda for its base;Sō′da-wa′ter, water containing soda charged with carbonic acid;Sō′dium, a yellowish-white metal, the base of soda. [It.soda—L.solida, firm.]
Sodality, sō-dal′i-ti,n.a fellowship or fraternity. [L.sodalitas—sodalis, a comrade.]
Sodden, sod′n,pa.p.ofseethe, boiled: soaked thoroughly: boggy: doughy, not well baked: bloated, saturated with drink.—n.Sod′denness.—adj.Sod′den-wit′ted(Shak.), heavy, stupid.
Sodomy, sod′om-i,n.unnatural sexuality, so called because imputed to the inhabitants ofSodom.—n.Sod′omite, an inhabitant ofSodom:one guilty of sodomy.—adj.Sodomit′ical.—adv.Sodomit′ically.
Soever, sō-ev′ėr,adv.generally used to extend or render indefinite the sense ofwho,what,where,how, &c.
Sofa, sō′fa,n.a long seat with stuffed bottom, back and arms—formerlySō′pha.—n.Sō′fa-bed, a piece of furniture serving as a sofa by day, capable of being made into a bed at night. [Fr.,—Ar.suffah—saffa, to arrange.]
Soffit, sof′it,n.a ceiling, now generally restricted to the ornamented under-sides of staircases, entablatures, archways, &c.; also the larmier or drip. [Fr.,—It.,—L.suffixa, pa.p. ofsuffigĕre, to fasten beneath—sub, under,figĕre, to fix.]
Sofi,Sofism. SeeSufi,Sufism.
Soft, soft,adj.easily yielding to pressure: easily cut or acted upon: malleable: not rough to the touch: smooth: pleasing or soothing to the senses: easily yielding to any influence: mild: sympathetic: gentle: effeminate: gentle in motion: easy: free from lime or salt, as water: bituminous, as opposed toanthracitic, of coal: unsized, of paper: wet, rainy: warm enough to melt ice, thawing: (phon.) pronounced with a somewhat sibilant sound, not guttural or explosive: vocal or sonant: not bony, cartilaginous, not spinous: soft-rayed, soft-shelled: of silk, having the natural gum cleaned or washed off—opp. toHard.—n.a silly person, a fool.—adv.gently: quietly.—interj.hold! not so fast!—adjs.Soft′-bod′ied, having a soft body;Soft′-con′scienced, having a sensitive conscience.—v.t.Soft′en, to make soft or softer: to mitigate: to tone down, make less glaring, make smoother in sound.—v.i.to grow soft or softer.—ns.Soft′ener;Soft′ening.—adjs.Soft′-eyed, having gentle or tender eyes;Soft′-finned, having no fin-spines.—n.pl.Soft′-goods, cloth, and cloth articles, as opposed tohardware, &c.—adjs.Soft′-hand′ed, having soft hands, unused to work, slack in discipline;Soft′-head′ed, of weak intellect;Soft′-heart′ed, kind-hearted: gentle: meek.—n.Soft-heart′edness.—adj.Soft′ish, rather soft.—adv.Soft′ly.—n.Soft′ness.—v.t.Soft′-saw′der(U.S.), to flatter, blarney.—n.flattery.—v.t.Soft′-soap, to flatter for some end.—n.flattery.—adj.Soft-spō′ken,-voiced, having a mild or gentle voice: mild, affable.—n.Soft′y, a silly person, a weak fool.—A soft thing, a snug place where the pay is good and the work light. [A.S.sófte,séfte; Dut.zacht, Ger.sanft.]
Softa, sof′ta,n.a Moslem theological student, attached to a mosque. [Turk.]
Soger, sō′jėr,n.(naut.) one who skulks his work.—v.i.to shirk one's work.
Soggy, sog′i,adj.soaked with water.—n.Sog, a bog.
So-ho, sō-hō′,interj.(Shak.) a form of call from a distance, a sportsman's halloo.
Soi-disant, swo-dē-zong′,adj.self-styled, pretended. [Fr.]
Soil, soil,n.the ground: the mould on the surface of the earth which nourishes plants: country.—adj.Soil′-bound, attached to the soil.—n.Soil′-cap, the covering of soil on the bed-rock.—adj.Soiled, having soil. [O. Fr.soel,suel,sueil—Low L.solea, soil, ground, L.solea, sole, allied to L.solum, ground, whence Fr.sol, soil.]
Soil, soil,n.dirt: dung: foulness: a spot or stain: a marshy place in which a hunted boar finds refuge.—v.t.to make dirty: to stain: to manure.—v.i.to take a soil: to tarnish.—n.Soil′iness, stain: foulness.—adj.Soil′less, destitute of soil.—ns.Soil′-pipe, an upright discharge-pipe which receives the general refuse from water-closets, &c., in a building;Soil′ure(Shak.), stain: pollution. [O. Fr.soil,souil(Fr.souille), wallowing-place—L.suillus, piggish—sus, a pig, a hog.]
Soil, soil,v.t.to feed at the stall for the purpose of fattening. [O. Fr.saouler—saol,saoul—L.satullus—satur, full.]
Soirée, swä-rā′,n.an evening party: an evening social meeting with tea, &c. [Fr.,—soir, evening (Prov.sera)—L.serus, late.]
Sojourn, sō′jurn,v.t.to stay for a day: to dwell for a time.—n.a temporary residence.—ns.Sō′journer;Sō′journing,Sō′journment, the act of dwelling in a place for a time. [O. Fr.sojourner—L.sub, under,diurnāre, to stay—Low L.jornus—L.diurnus, relating to day—dies, a day.]
Soke, sōk,n.the same asSoc(q.v.).—ns.Soke′man=Socman;Sō′ken, a district held by tenure of socage: a miller's right to the grinding of all the corn within a certain manor.
Sol, sol,n.the sun, Phœbus: (her.) a tincture, the metal or, or gold, in blazoning by planets. [L.]
Sol, sol,n.an old French coin,1⁄20th of a livre, equal to 12 deniers, now superseded by the sou. [O. Fr.sol—L.solidus, solid.]
Sola, sō-lä′,interj.a cry to a person at a distance.
Sola, sō′lä,n.the hat-plant or sponge-wood, also its pith.—AlsoSō′lah. [Hind.sholā.]
Solace, sol′ās,n.consolation, comfort in distress: relief: (obs.) pleasure, amusement.—v.t.to comfort in distress: to console: to allay.—n.Sol′acement, the act of solacing: the state of being solaced.—adj.Solā′cious(obs.), affording pleasure. [O. Fr.solas—L.solatium—solāri,-ātus, to comfort in distress.]
Solander, sō-lan′dėr,n.a case or box, usually in the form of a book, opening on the side or front with hinges, for holding prints, drawings, or pamphlets—named from the inventor, DanielSolander(1736-81).
Solan-goose, sō′lan-gōōs,n.the gannet.—AlsoSō′land. [Ice.súla.]
Solano, sō-lä′no,n.a hot south-east wind which occasionally visits Spain. [Sp.,—L.solanus(ventus), the east wind—sol, the sun.]
Solanum, sō-lā′num,n.a genus of plants of the orderSolanaceæorSolaneæ, the nightshade family—almost all the species containing a poisonous alkaloid,Sol′anine.—adjs.Solanā′ceous, belonging to theSolanaceæ;Sol′anoid, potato-like, said of cancers. [L.solanum, the nightshade.]
Solar, sō′lar,adj.pertaining to the sun: measured by the progress of the sun: produced by the sun.—n.Sōlarisā′tion, exposure to the action of the sun's rays: the effect in photography of over-exposure.—v.t.Sō′larise, to injure by exposing too long to the sun's light in a camera.—v.i.to take injury by too long exposure to the sun's light in a camera:—pr.p.sō′larīsing;pa.p.sō′larīsed.—ns.Sō′larism, excessive use of solar-myths in the explanation of mythology;Sō′larist, one addicted to solarism;Sōlā′rium, a sun-dial: a place suited to receive the sun's rays—in a hospital or sanatorium;Sō′lar-mī′croscope, an apparatus for projecting upon a screen by means of sunlight an enlarged view of any object—essentially the same as the combination of lenses used in the magic-lantern taken in conjunction with a heliostat;Sō′lar-myth, a myth allegorising the course of the sun, by some mythologists constantly invoked to explain the problems of mythology;Sō′lar-print, a photographic print made in a solar camera from a negative;Sō′lar-sys′tem, the planets and comets which circle round the sun—also calledPlanetary-system.—Solar flowers, flowers which open and shut daily at certain hours;Solar spots=Sun-spots(seeSun);Solar time(seeTime);Solar year(seeYear). [L.sol, the sun,solaris, pertaining to the sun.]
Solaster, sō-las′tėr,n.the typical genus ofSolasteridæ, a family of star-fishes, having more than five rays. [L.sol, the sun,aster, a star.]
Solatium, sō-lā′shi-um,n.any compensation, a sum legally awarded, over and above actual damages, by way of compensation for wounded feelings. [L.]
Sold, sōld,pa.t.andpa.p.ofsell.
Sold, sold,n.(Spens.) pay, remuneration. [Fr.solde—L.solidus, a piece of money.]
Soldado, sōl-dä′dō,n.a soldier. [Sp.]
Soldan, sōl′dan,n.(Milt.). Same asSultan.
Soldanel, sol′da-nel,n.a plant of the genusSoldanella, of the orderPrimulaceæ—the blue moonwort.
Soldatesque, sol-da-tesk′,adj.soldier-like, [Fr.,—soldat, a soldier.]
Solder, sod′ėr, or sol′dėr,v.t.to unite two metallic surfaces by a fusible metallic cement: to cement.—n.a fusible alloy for uniting metals.—ns.Sol′derer;Sol′dering;Sol′dering-bolt,-ī′ron, a tool with pointed or wedge-shaped copper bit for use in soldering. [O. Fr.soudre,souldure—souder,soulder, to consolidate—L.solidāre, to make solid.]
Soldier, sōl′jėr,n.a man engaged in military service: a private, as distinguished from an officer: a man of much military experience or of great valour: a soldier-ant, beetle, hermit-crab, &c.: (slang) a red herring.—v.i.to serve as a soldier: to bully: to shirk one's work or duty: (slang) to take a mount on another man's horse.—ns.Sol′dier-crab, a hermit-crab;Sol′diering, the state of being a soldier: the occupation of a soldier.—adjs.Sol′dier-like,Sol′dierly, like a soldier: martial: brave.—ns.Sol′dier-of-for′tune, one ready to serve anywhere for pay or his own advancement;Sol′diership, state or quality of being a soldier: military qualities: martial skill;Sol′diery, soldiers collectively: the body of military men;Fresh′water-sol′dier, theStratiotes aloides, a European aquatic plant with sword-shaped leaves.—Come the old soldier over one, to impose on any one.—Old soldier, a bottle emptied at a sitting: a cigar-stump. [O. Fr.soldier(Fr.soldat)—L.solidus,a piece of money, the pay of a soldier.]
Soldo, sol′dō,n.an Italian coin,1⁄20th of the lira, a sol or sou:—pl.Sol′di. [It.]
Sole, sōl,n.the lowest part or under-side of the foot: the foot: the bottom of a boot or shoe: the bottom of anything.—v.t.to furnish with a sole.—adj.Solē′iform, slipper-shaped.—ns.Sole′-leath′er, strong leather for the soles of boots and shoes;Sole′-tile, a form of tile for the bottoms of sewers, &c.;Sōlē′us, a flat muscle of the calf of the leg beneath the gastrocnemius. [A.S.sole—L.solea—solum, bottom.]
Sole, sōl,n.a genus (Solea) of flat-fish, elongate-oval in form, with flesh firm, white, and excellently flavoured. [Fr.sole—L.solea.]
Sole, sōl,adj.alone: only: being or acting without another: single: (law) unmarried.—advs.Sole;Sole′ly, alone: only: singly.—n.Sole′ness. [Fr.,—L.solus, alone.]
Solecism, sol′ē-sizm,n.a breach of syntax: any absurdity or impropriety: any incongruity, prodigy.—v.i.Sol′ēcise, to commit solecisms.—n.Sol′ēcist, one who commits solecisms.—adjs.Solēcist′ic,-al, pertaining to, or involving, a solecism: incorrect: incongruous.—adv.Solēcist′ically. [Fr.solécisme—L.solœcismus—Gr.soloikismos—soloikos, speaking incorrectly, awkward; dubiously said to come from the corruption of the Attic dialect among the Athenian colonists ofSoloiin Cilicia.]
Solein, sol′ān,adj.(Spens.) sad. [Sullen.]
Solemn, sol′em,adj.attended with religions ceremonies, pomp, or gravity, originally taking place every year, said esp. of religious ceremonies: impressing with seriousness: awful: devout: having the appearance of gravity: devotional: attended with an appeal to God, as an oath: serious: sober, gloomy, black.—n.Solemnisā′tion.—v.t.Sol′emnise, to perform religiously or solemnly once a year, or periodically: to celebrate with due rites: to render grave.—ns.Sol′emniser;Solem′nity, a solemn religious ceremony: a ceremony adapted to inspire with awe: reverence: seriousness: affected gravity.—adv.sol′emnly.—n.Sol′emnness. [O. Fr.solempne,solemne(Fr.solennel)—L.sollemnis,solennis—sollus, all, every,annus, a year.]
Solen, sō′len,n.a genus of bivalve molluscs—Razor-shell and Razor-fish.—adjs.Solanā′cean,Solanā′ceous.—n.Sol′enite, a fossil razor-shell. [Gr.sōlēn, a channel.]
Solenoid, sō-lē′noid,n.a helix of copper wound in the form of a cylinder, longitudinally magnetised with an intensity varying inversely as the area of the normal section in different parts.—adj.Solēnoi′dal.—adv.Solēnoi′dally. [Gr.sōlēn, a pipe, eidos, form.]
Solenostomous, sol-ē-nos′tō-mus,adj.having a tubular or fistulous snout.—n.Solenos′tomus, the typical genus of theSolenostomidæ, a family of solenostomous lophobranchiate fishes. [Gr.sōlēn, a pipe,stoma, mouth.]
Solert, sol′ert,adj.(obs.) subtle.—n.Soler′tiousness. [L.sollers, crafty,sollertia, skill.]
Soleus. SeeSole(1).
Sol-fa, sol′-fa,v.i.to sing the notes of the scale in their proper pitch, using the syllablesdo(orut),re,mi,fa,sol,la,si;—pr.p.sol-faing(sol′-fa-ing);pa.p.sol-faed(sol′-fad).—ns.Sol′faïsm, singing by syllables, solmisation;Sol′faïst, a teacher or advocate of solmisation;Solfeg′gio, an exercise on the notes of the scale, as represented bydo,re,mi, &c. [It.]
Solfatara, sol-fä-tä′ra,n.a volcanic region no longer violently active, but emitting from crevices gases, steam, and chemical vapours, chiefly of sulphurous origin—Fr.soufrière, Ger.schwefelgrubeorschwefelsee. [It.,—solfo, sulphur.]
Solferino, sol-fe-rē′nō,n.the colour of rosaniline—from the French victory atSolferinoin Italy (1859).
Solicit, sō-lis′it,v.t.to ask earnestly: to petition: to seek or try to obtain: to disturb.—n.solicitation.—ns.Solic′itant, one who solicits;Solicitā′tion, a soliciting: earnest request: invitation;Solic′iting(Shak.), solicitation;Solic′itor, one who asks earnestly: one who is legally qualified to act for another in a court of law, esp. a court of equity: a lawyer who prepares deeds, manages cases, instructs counsel in the superior courts, and acts as an advocate in the inferior courts;Solic′itor-gen′eral, in England, the law-officer of the crown next in rank to the attorney-general—in Scotland, to the lord-advocate;Solic′itorship.—adj.Solic′itous, soliciting or earnestly asking or desiring: very desirous: anxious: careful.—adv.Solic′itously.—ns.Solic′itousness,Solic′itude, state of being solicitous: anxiety or uneasiness of mind: trouble. [Fr.solliciter—L.sollicitāre—sollicitus—sollus, whole,citus, aroused—ciēre, to cite.]
Solid, sol′id,adj.having the parts firmly adhering: hard: compact: full of matter: not hollow: strong: having length, breadth, and thickness (opposed to a mere surface): cubic: substantial, reliable, worthy of credit, satisfactory: weighty: of uniform undivided substance: financially sound, wealthy: unanimous, smooth, unbroken, unvaried.—n.a substance having the parts firmly adhering together: a firm, compact body—opp. toFluid.—ns.Solidā′go, a genus of composite plants, the goldenrods;Solidare,sol′idār(Shak.), a small piece of money;Solidar′ity, the being made solid or compact: the being bound: a consolidation or oneness of interests.—adj.Sol′idary, marked by solidarity, jointly responsible.—v.t.Sol′idate, to make solid or firm.—adj.Solid′ifiable.—n.Solidificā′tion, act of making solid or hard.—v.t.Solid′ify, to make solid or compact.—v.i.to grow solid: to harden:—pa.p.solid′ified.—ns.Sol′idism, the doctrine that refers all diseases to alterations of the solid parts of the body;Sol′idist, a believer in the foregoing;Solid′ity, the state of being solid: fullness of matter: strength or firmness, moral or physical: soundness: (geom.) the solid content of a body.—adv.Sol′idly.—n.Sol′idness.—Solid colour, a colour covering the whole of an object: a uniform colour;Solid matter(print.), matter set without leads between the lines.—Be solid for(U.S.), to be hearty or unanimous in favour of;Be solid with(U.S.), to have a firm footing with. [Fr.,—L.solidus, solid.]
Solidum, sol′i-dum,n.(archit.) the die of a pedestal: (Scots law) a complete sum. [L.]
Solidungular, sol-id-ung′gū-lar,adj.having hoofs solid, that are not cloven, denoting a certain tribe of mammalia.—AlsoSolidung′ulous,Solidung′ulate. [L.solidus, solid,ungula, a hoof.]
Solidus, sol′i-dus,n.a Roman gold coin introduced by Constantine in place of theaureus, known later as the bezant: a sign (/) denoting the English shilling, representing the old lengthened form ofs—£s.d.(libræ,solidi,denarii), pounds, shillings, pence.
Solifidian, sol-i-fid′i-an,n.one who holds that faith alone is what is necessary for justification.—adj.holding this view.—n.Solifid′ianism. [L.solus, only,fides, faith.]
Soliloquy, sō-lil′ō-kwe,n.a talking when solitary or to one's self: a discourse of a person, not addressed to any one.—v.i.Solil′oquise, to speak to one's self or utter a soliloquy. [L.soliloquium—solus, alone,loqui, to speak.]
Soliped, sol′i-ped,n.an animal with a single or uncloven hoof on each foot.—adjs.Sol′iped,Solip′edous. [L.solus, alone,pes,pedis, a foot.]
Solipsism, sol′ip-sizm,n.the theory that self-existence is the only certainty, absolute egoism—the extreme form of subjective idealism.—n.Sol′ipsist, one who believes in this.—adj.Solipsis′tic. [L.solus, alone,ipse, self.]
Solisequious, sol-i-sē′kwi-us,adj.following the sun, as the sunflower. [L.sol, the sun,sequi, to follow.]
Solitaire, sol-i-tār′,n.a recluse or one who lives alone: a game played by one person with a board and balls: a card-game for one—patience: an ornament worn singly on the neck or wrist: a black silk tie fixed to the bag of the wig behind, worn in the 18th century.
Solitary, sol′i-tar-i,adj.being the sole person present: alone or lonely: single, separate, simple: living alone, not social or gregarious: without company: remote from society: retired, secluded: gloomy.—n.one who lives alone: a recluse or hermit—(obs.)Solitā′rian.—adv.Sol′itarily.—n.Sol′itariness. [Fr.solitaire—L.solitarius—solus, alone.]
Solito, sol′i-tō,adv.(mus.) in the usual manner. [It.]
Solitude, sol′i-tūd,n.a being alone: a lonely life: want of company: a lonely place or desert. [Fr.,—L.solitudo—solus, alone.]
Solivagous, sō-liv′a-gus,adj.wandering alone.—AlsoSoliv′agant. [L.,solus, alone,vagus, wandering.]
Solive, so-lēv′,n.a joist or beam of secondary importance. [Fr.,—L.sublevāre, to support.]
Sollar, sol′ar,n.a platform in a mine: an upper gallery or balcony, a garret, loft.—AlsoSoll′er. [O. Fr.soler, solier—L.solarium, a terrace or flat roof—sol, the sun.]
Solleret, sol′ėr-et,n.the steel shoe worn in medieval armour. [O. Fr.soler, a slipper,sole, a sole.]
Sol-lunar, sol′-lū′nar,adj.pertaining to, or due to the influence of, both sun and moon. [L.sol, sun,luna, moon.]
Solmisation, sol-mi-zā′shun,n.sol-faïng: a recital of the notes of the gamut,do,re,mi, &c.
Solo, sō′lō,n.a musical piece performed by only one voice or instrument:—pl.Sō′lōs.—adj.Sō′lō, unconcerted.—n.Sō′lōist. [It.,—L.solus, alone.]
Solograph, sol′ō-graf,n.a sun-print. [L.sol, the sun, Gr.graphein, to write.]
Solomon, sol′o-mon,n.a person of unusual wisdom, fromSolomon, king of Israel (see 1 Kings, iii. 5-15).—adj.Solomon′ic.—n.Sol′omon's-seal, any one of several species of perennial herbs, of the lily family, genus Polygonatum, with simple stems bearing small greenish flowers: a symbol formed oftwo trianglesinterlaced or superposed, forming a six-pointed star.
So-long, sō-long′,interj.good-bye! [Notsalaam.]
Solonian, sō-lō′ni-an,adj.pertaining to the Athenian lawgiverSolon(c. 640-c. 558B.C.), or to his legislation.—AlsoSolon′ic.
Solpuga, sol-pū′ga,n.the typical genus ofSolpugida, an order of arachnids.
Solstice, sol′stis,n.that point in the ecliptic at which the sun is farthest from the equator, and where it is consequently at the turning-point of its apparent course—thesummer solstice, where it touches the tropic of Cancer; thewinter solstice, where it touches that of Capricorn: the time when the sun reaches these two points in its orbit, 21st June and about 21st December.—adj.Solsti′tial, pertaining to, or happening at, a solstice, esp. at the north one. [Fr.,—L.solstitium—sol, the sun,sistĕre, to make to stand—stāre, to stand.]
Soluble, sol′ū-bl,adj.capable of being solved or dissolved in a fluid.—ns.Solubil′ity,Sol′ubleness, capability of being dissolved in a fluid. [L.solubilis—solvĕre, to solve.]
Solum, sō′lum,n.ground, a piece of ground. [L., the ground.]
Solus, sō′lus,adj.alone, in dramatic directions—feminine formSō′la. [L., alone.]
Solution, sol-ū′shun,n.act of solving or dissolving, esp. a solid by a fluid: the separating of the parts of any body: the preparation resulting from dissolving a solid in a liquid: explanation: removal of a doubt: construction or solving of a problem: the crisis of a disease.—adj.Solūte′, loose, free: merry, cheerful: (bot.) not adhering.—v.t.(Bacon) to dissolve.—adj.Sol′ūtive, tending to dissolve: loosening.—Solution of continuity(surg.), the separation of parts normally continuous, by fracture, &c. [L.solutio—solvĕre,solutum, to loosen.]
Solve, solv,v.t.to loosen or separate the parts of: to clear up or explain: to remove.—ns.Solvabil′ity,Sol′vableness, capacity of being solved.—adj.Sol′vable, capable of being solved or explained: capable of being paid.—n.Sol′vency, state of being solvent, or able to pay all debts.—adj.Sol′vent, having power to solve or dissolve: able to pay all debts.—n.anything that dissolves another.—n.Sol′ver, one who solves. [O. Fr.solver—L.solvĕre, to loosen, prob. fromse-, aside,luĕre, to loosen.]
Soma, sō′ma,n.a certain plant, most prob. of the milkweed family, and its juice used for the preparation of an intoxicating drink—personified and worshipped, esp. in connection with the god Indra, theJupiter pluviusof the Vedic pantheon. [Sans.soma(Zendhaoma, juice)—rootsu(cf. Gr.ὕω), to press out, distil, extract.]
Somatist, sō′ma-tist,n.one who admits the existence of corporeal beings only.—n.Sō′ma, the trunk of an animal: the body as distinguished from thepsycheor soul and thepneumaor spirit.—adjs.Sōmat′ic,-al, physical, corporeal: parietal: pertaining to the body cavity.—n.Sō′matism, materialism.—adjs.Sōmatolog′ic,-al, pertaining to somatology, corporeal, physical.—ns.Sōmatol′ogy, the doctrine or science of bodies or material substances, human anatomy and physiology;Sō′matome, one of the homologous serial segments of which the body of a vertebrate is theoretically composed.—adj.Sōmatopleu′ral, pertaining to theSomat′opleure, the outer one of two divisions of the mesoderm of a four-layered germ.—n.Sōmatot′omy, the dissection of a body.—adj.Sōmatotrop′ic, showingSomatot′ropism, any stimulative influence exerted upon growing organs by the substratum on which they grow. [Gr.sōma, the body.]
Sombre, som′bėr,adj.dull: gloomy: melancholy—alsoSom′brous.—adv.Som′brely, in a sombre or gloomy manner.—n.Som′breness.—adv.Som′brously.—n.Som′brousness. [Fr.sombre(Sp.sombra, a shade)—L.sub, under,umbra, a shade. So Diez; others explain, on analogy of O. Fr.essombre, a shady place, as from L.ex, out,umbra, a shade.]
Sombrerite, som-brā′rīt,n.a hard impure calcium phosphate—called alsoRock-guano,Osite, and looselyApatite. [Sombreroin the Antilles.]
Sombrero, som-brā′rō,n.a broad-brimmed hat, generally of felt, much worn in Mexico and the south-western United States. [Sp.,—sombre, a shade.]