Ya´hoo, one of the human brutes subject to the Houyhnhnms [Whin.hims], or horses possessed of human intelligence. In this tale the horses and men change places; the horses are the chief and ruling race, and man the subject.--Swift,Gulliver’s Travels(1726).
Yajûi and Majûj, the Arabian form of Gog and Magog. Gog is a tribe of Turks, and Magog of the Gilân (the Geli or Gelæ of Ptolemy and Strabo). Al Beidâwi says they were man-eaters. Dhu´lkarnein made a rampart of red-hot metal to keep out their incursions.
He said to the workmen, “Bring me iron in large pieces till it fill up the space between these two mountains ... [then] blow with your bellows till it make the iron red hot.” And he said further, “Bring me molten brass that I may pour upon it.” When this wall was finished Gog and Magog could not scale it, neither could they dig through it.--Al Korán, xviii.
Yakutsk, in Siberia, affords an exact parallel to the story about Carthage. Dido, having purchased in Africa as much land as could be covered with a bull’s hide, ordered the hide to be cut into thin slips, and thus enclosed land enough to build Byrsa upon. This Byrsa (“bull’s hide”) was the citadel of Carthage, round which the city grew.
So with Yakutsk. The settlers bought as much land as they could encompass with a cow-hide, but, by cutting the hide into slips, they encompassed enough land to build a city on.
Yama, a Hindû deity, represented by a man with four arms, riding on a bull. He gave the horse to India.
Whether thou didst first spring from the firmament or from the water, thy great birth, O horse, is to be glorified, inasmuch as thou hast neighed, thou hast the wings of the falcon, thou hast the limbs of the deer. Trita harnessed the horse which was given by Yama; Indra first mounted him; Gandharba seized his reins. Vasus, you fabricated the horse from the sun. Thou, O horse, art Yama; thou art Aditya; thou art Trita; thou art Soma.--The Rig Veda, ii.
Ya´men, lord and potentate of Pandălon (hell).--Hindû Mythology.
What worse than this hath Yamen’s hell in store?Southey,Curse of Kehama, ii. (1809).
What worse than this hath Yamen’s hell in store?Southey,Curse of Kehama, ii. (1809).
What worse than this hath Yamen’s hell in store?Southey,Curse of Kehama, ii. (1809).
What worse than this hath Yamen’s hell in store?
Southey,Curse of Kehama, ii. (1809).
Yar´ico, a young Indian maiden with whom Thomas Inkle fell in love. After living with her as his wife, he despicably sold her in Barbadoes as a slave.
⁂ The story is told by Sir Richard Steele inThe Spectator, 11; and has been dramatized by George Colman under the title ofInkle and Yarico(1787).
Yarrow(The Flower of). Mary Scott was so called.
Yathreb, the ancient name of Medīna.
When a party of them said, “O, inhabitants of Yathreb, there is no place of security for you here, wherefore return home;” a part of them asked leave of the prophet to depart.--Al Korân, xxxiii.
Yeardley(Lady), an Englishwoman, living in the American colonies, receives on Christmas Eve as a guest, an Indian, who brings his four-year-old boy “to be made like English children.” The lady takes her dark-skinned visitors to church next day, and a tumult arises that the Indian father is a spy. A rush is made upon him, but Lady Yeardley shields the chief, claiming him as her guest.
“They dropped, at her word, their weapons,Half-shamed as the lady smiled,And told them the red man’s story,And showed them the red man’s child;And pledged them her broad plantations,That never would such betrayThe trust that a Christian womanHad shown on a Christmas-Day.”Margaret Junkin Preston,Lady Yeardley’s Guest(1887).
“They dropped, at her word, their weapons,Half-shamed as the lady smiled,And told them the red man’s story,And showed them the red man’s child;And pledged them her broad plantations,That never would such betrayThe trust that a Christian womanHad shown on a Christmas-Day.”Margaret Junkin Preston,Lady Yeardley’s Guest(1887).
“They dropped, at her word, their weapons,Half-shamed as the lady smiled,And told them the red man’s story,And showed them the red man’s child;And pledged them her broad plantations,That never would such betrayThe trust that a Christian womanHad shown on a Christmas-Day.”Margaret Junkin Preston,Lady Yeardley’s Guest(1887).
“They dropped, at her word, their weapons,
Half-shamed as the lady smiled,
And told them the red man’s story,
And showed them the red man’s child;
And pledged them her broad plantations,
That never would such betray
The trust that a Christian woman
Had shown on a Christmas-Day.”
Margaret Junkin Preston,Lady Yeardley’s Guest(1887).
Yellow Dwarf(The), a malignant, ugly imp, who claimed the Princess Allfair as his bride; and carried her off to Steel Castle on his Spanish cat, the very day she was about to be married to the beautiful king of the Gold-Mines. The king of the Gold-Mines tried to rescue her, and was armed by a good siren with a diamond sword of magic power, by which he made his way through every difficulty to the princess. Delighted at seeing his betrothed, he ran to embrace her, and dropped his sword. Yellow Dwarf, picking it up, demanded that Gold-Mine should resign the lady, and, on his refusing to do so, slew him with the magic sword. The princess, rushing forward to avert the blow, fell dead on the body of her dying lover.
Yellow Dwarf was so called from his complexion and the orange tree he lived in.... He wore wooden shoes, a coarse, yellow stuff jacket, and had no hair to hide his large ears.--Comtesse D’Aunoy,Fairy Tales(“The Yellow Dwarf,” 1682).
Yellowley(Mr. Triptolemus), the factor, an experimental agriculturist of Stourburgh or Harfra.
Mistress BabyorBarbary Yellowley, sister and housekeeper of Triptolemus.
Old Jasper Yellowley, father of Triptolemus and Barbary.--Sir W. Scott,The Pirate(time, William III.).
Yenadiz´ze, an idler, a gambler; also an Indian fop.
With my nets you never help me;At the door my nets are hanging.Go and wring them, Yenadizze.Longfellow,Hiawatha, vi. (1855).
With my nets you never help me;At the door my nets are hanging.Go and wring them, Yenadizze.Longfellow,Hiawatha, vi. (1855).
With my nets you never help me;At the door my nets are hanging.Go and wring them, Yenadizze.Longfellow,Hiawatha, vi. (1855).
With my nets you never help me;
At the door my nets are hanging.
Go and wring them, Yenadizze.
Longfellow,Hiawatha, vi. (1855).
Yendys(Sydney), thenom de plumeof Sydney Dobell (1824-1874).
⁂ “Yendys” is merely the wordSydneyreversed.
Yeru´ti, son of Quiāra and Monnĕma. His father and mother were of the Guarāni race, and the only ones who escaped a small-pox plague which infested that part of Paraguay. Yerūti was born after his parents migrated to the Mondai woods, but his father was killed by a jagŭar just before the birth of Mooma (his sister). When grown to youthful age a Jesuit pastor induced the three to come and live at St. Joăchin, where was a primitive colony of some 2000 souls. Here the mother soon died from the confinement of city life. Mooma followed her ere long to the grave. Yeruti now requested to be baptized, and no sooner was the rite over, than he cried, “Ye are come for me! I am quite ready!” and instantly expired.--Southey,A Tale of Paraguay(1814).
YezadorYezdam, called by the Greeks Oroma´zês (4syl.), the principle of good in Persian mythology, opposed to Ahriman or Arimannis, the principle of evil. Yezad created twenty-four good spirits, and, to keep them from the power of the evil one, enclosed them in an egg; but Ahriman pierced the shell, and hence there is no good without some admixture of evil.
Ygerne[E-gern´], wife of Gorloïs, lord of Tintag´il Castle, in Cornwall. King Uther tried to seduce her, but Ygerne resented the insult; whereupon Uther and Gorloïs fought, and the latter was slain. Uther then besieged Tintagil Castle, took it, and compelled Ygerne to become his wife. Nine months afterwards Uther died, and on the same day was Arthur born.
Then Uther, in his wrath and heat, besiegedYgerne within Tintagil ... and entered in ...Enforced she was to wed him in her tears,And with a shameful swiftness.Tennyson,Coming of Arthur.
Then Uther, in his wrath and heat, besiegedYgerne within Tintagil ... and entered in ...Enforced she was to wed him in her tears,And with a shameful swiftness.Tennyson,Coming of Arthur.
Then Uther, in his wrath and heat, besiegedYgerne within Tintagil ... and entered in ...Enforced she was to wed him in her tears,And with a shameful swiftness.Tennyson,Coming of Arthur.
Then Uther, in his wrath and heat, besieged
Ygerne within Tintagil ... and entered in ...
Enforced she was to wed him in her tears,
And with a shameful swiftness.
Tennyson,Coming of Arthur.
Yguerne.(SeeYgerne.)
Yn´iol, an earl of decayed fortune, father of Enid. He was ousted from his earldom by his nephew, Ed´yrn (son of Nudd), called “The Sparrow-Hawk.” When Edyrn was overthrown by Prince Geraint, in single combat, he was compelled to restore the earldom to his uncle. He is described in theMabinogionas “a hoary-headed man, clad in tattered garments.”--Tennyson,Idylls of the King(“Enid”).
He says to Geraint: “I lost a great earldom as well as a city and castle, and this is how I lost them: I had a nephew, ... and when he came to his strength he demanded of me his property, but I withheld it from him. So he made war upon me, and wrested from me all that I possessed,”--Mabinogion(“Geraint, the Son of Erbin,” twelfth century).
Yoglan(Zacharias), the old Jew chemist, in London.--Sir W. Scott,Kenilworth(time, Elizabeth).
Yohak, the giant guardian of the caves of Babylon.--Southey,Thalaba, the Destroyer, v. (1797).
Yone, bewitching heroine of Edward H. House’s story, “A Child of Japan” (1888).
Yone, diminutive of Giorgione Willoughby, a self-willed, selfish, fascinating woman, who deliberately allures her cousin’s lover away from her, and finds whenhe has married her (Yone) that she has dazzled his fancy, not won his heart.--Harriet Prescott Spofford,The Amber Gods(1863).
Yor´ick, the king of Denmark’s jester; “a fellow of infinite jest, of most excellent fancy.”--Shakespeare,Hamlet, Prince of Denmark(1596).
Yorick(Mr.) is the name used by the Rev. Laurence Sterne, 1713-1768, inA Sentimental Journey through France and Italy(1768) as that of the author. In his other book,The Life and Opinions of Mr. Tristram Shandy(1759), where theSentimental Journeyappears, as it were, in embryo, Yorick is the name of one of the principal characters, and, as Sir Walter Scott remarks, “Yorick, the lively, witty, sensible and heedless parson is--Sterne himself.” The name was borrowed by Sterne from the Yorick of Shakespeare’sHamlet.
York(Geoffrey, archbishop of), one of the high justiciaries of England in the absence of Richard Cœur de Lion.--Sir W. Scott,The Talisman(time Richard I.).
York(James, duke of), introduced by Sir W. Scott, inWoodstockand inPeveril of the Peak.
Yorke(Oliver), pseudonym of Francis Sylvester Mahony, editor ofFraser’s Magazine. It is still edited under the same name.
Yorkshire Tragedy(The), author unknown (1604), was at one time printed with the name of Shakespeare.
Young America.J. G. Holland says: “What we callYoung Americais made up of about equal parts of irreverence, conceit, and that popular moral quality familiarly known asbrass.”
Young Chevalier(The), Charles Edward Stuart, grandson of James II. He was the second pretender (1720-1788).
Young England, a set of young aristocrats, who tried to revive the courtly manners of the Chesterfield school. They wore white waistcoats, patronized the pet poor, looked down upon shopkeepers, and were imitators of the period of Louis XIV. Disraeli has immortalized their ways and manners.
Young Germany, a literary school, headed by Heinrich Heine [Hi.ny], whose aim was to liberate politics, religion, and manners from the old conventional trammels.
Young Ireland, followers of Daniel O’Connell in politics, but wholly opposed to his abstention from war and insurrection in vindication of “their country’s rights.”
Young Italy, certain Italian refugees, who associated themselves with the French republican party, called theCarbonnerie Democratique. The society was first organized at Marseilles by Mazzini, and its chief object was to diffuse republican principles.
Young Roscius, William Henry West Betty. When only 12 years old he made £34,000 in fifty-six nights. He appeared in 1803, and very wisely retired from the stage in 1807 (1791-1874).
Young-and-Handsome, a beautiful fairy, who fell in love with Alidōrus, “the lovely shepherd.” Mordicant, an ugly fairy, also loved him, and confined him in a dungeon. Zephyrus loved Young-and-Handsome, but when he found no reciprocityhe asked the fairy how he could best please her. “By liberating the lovely shepherd,” she replied. “Fairies, you know, have no power over fairies, but you, being a god, have full power over the whole race.” Zephyrus complied with this request, and restored Alidorus to the Castle of Flowers, when Young-and-Handsome bestowed on him perpetual youth, and married him.--Comtesse D’Aunoy,Fairy Tales(“Young-and-Handsome,” 1682).
Youwarkee, the name of the gawrey that Peter Wilkins married. She introduced the seaman to Nosmnbdsgrsutt, the land of flying men and women.--R. Pultock,Peter Wilkins(1750).
Ysaie le Triste[E.say´ lĕ Treest], son of Tristram and Ysolde (wife of King Mark of Cornwall). The adventures of this young knight form the subject of a French romance calledIsaie le Triste(1522).
I did not think it necessary to contemplate the exploits ... with the gravity of Isaie le Triste.--Dunlop.
YsoldeorYsonde(2syl.), surnamed “The Fair,” daughter of the king of Ireland. When Sir Tristram was wounded in fighting for his uncle, Mark, he went to Ireland, and was cured by the Fair Ysolde. On his return to Cornwall he gave his uncle such a glowing account of the young princess that he was sent to propose offers of marriage, and to conduct the lady to Cornwall. The brave young knight and the fair damsel fell in love with each other on their voyage, and, although Ysolde married King Mark, she retained to the end her love for Sir Tristram. King Mark, jealous of his nephew, banished him from Cornwall, and he went to Wales, where he performed prodigies of valor. In time his uncle invited him back to Cornwall, but, the guilty intercourse being renewed, he was banished a second time. Sir Tristram now wandered over Spain, Ermonie, and Brittany, winning golden opinions by his exploits. In Brittany he married the king’s daughter, Ysolde or Ysondeof the White Hand, but neither loved her nor lived with her. The rest of the tale is differently told by different authors. Some say he returned to Cornwall, renewed his love with Ysoldethe Fair, and was treacherously stabbed by his uncle Mark. Others say he was severely wounded in Brittany, and sent for his aunt, but died before her arrival. When Ysoldethe Fairheard of his death, she died of a broken heart, and King Mark buried them both in one grave, over which he planted a rose bush and a vine.
YsoldeorYsondeorYsoltof the White Hand, daughter of the king of Brittany. Sir Tristram married her for hername’ssake, but never loved her nor lived with her, because he loved his aunt, Ysoldethe Fair(the young wife of King Mark), and it was a point of chivalry for a knight to love only one woman, whether widow, wife, or maid.
Yuhid´thiton, chief of the Az´tecas, the mightiest in battle and wisest in council. He succeeded Co´anocot´zin (5syl.), as king of the tribe, and led the people from the south of the Missouri to Mexico.--Southey,Madoc(1805).
Yvetot[Eve.toe], a town in Normandy; the lord of the town was calledle roi d’Yvetot. The tale is that Clotaire, son of Clovis, having slain the lord of Yvetot before the high altar of Soissons, madeatonement to the heirs by conferring on them the title ofking. In the sixteenth century the title was exchanged for that ofprince souverain, and the whole fiction was dropped not long after. Béranger has a poem called“Le Roi d’Yvetot,”which is understood to be a satirical fling at the great Napoleon. The following is the first stanza:
Il était un roi d’YvetotPeu connu dans l’histoire;Se levant tard, se couchant tôt,Dormant, fort bien sans gloire,Et couronné par JeannetonD’un simple bonnet de coton.Dit on:Oh! oh! oh! oh! Ah! ah! ah! ah!Quel bon petit roi c’etait; là! là! là!Béranger.
Il était un roi d’YvetotPeu connu dans l’histoire;Se levant tard, se couchant tôt,Dormant, fort bien sans gloire,Et couronné par JeannetonD’un simple bonnet de coton.Dit on:Oh! oh! oh! oh! Ah! ah! ah! ah!Quel bon petit roi c’etait; là! là! là!Béranger.
Il était un roi d’YvetotPeu connu dans l’histoire;Se levant tard, se couchant tôt,Dormant, fort bien sans gloire,Et couronné par JeannetonD’un simple bonnet de coton.Dit on:Oh! oh! oh! oh! Ah! ah! ah! ah!Quel bon petit roi c’etait; là! là! là!Béranger.
Il était un roi d’Yvetot
Peu connu dans l’histoire;
Se levant tard, se couchant tôt,
Dormant, fort bien sans gloire,
Et couronné par Jeanneton
D’un simple bonnet de coton.
Dit on:
Oh! oh! oh! oh! Ah! ah! ah! ah!
Quel bon petit roi c’etait; là! là! là!
Béranger.
It was a King of YvetotWhom few historians name;A sleeper sound, a waker slow,No dreams had he of fame.By Betty’s hand with nightcap crown’d,He snored in state the whole clock roundProfound.Ha! ha! ha! ha! Ho! ho! ho! ho!A Kingdom match for Yvetot!Ho! ho!
It was a King of YvetotWhom few historians name;A sleeper sound, a waker slow,No dreams had he of fame.By Betty’s hand with nightcap crown’d,He snored in state the whole clock roundProfound.Ha! ha! ha! ha! Ho! ho! ho! ho!A Kingdom match for Yvetot!Ho! ho!
It was a King of YvetotWhom few historians name;A sleeper sound, a waker slow,No dreams had he of fame.By Betty’s hand with nightcap crown’d,He snored in state the whole clock roundProfound.Ha! ha! ha! ha! Ho! ho! ho! ho!A Kingdom match for Yvetot!Ho! ho!
It was a King of Yvetot
Whom few historians name;
A sleeper sound, a waker slow,
No dreams had he of fame.
By Betty’s hand with nightcap crown’d,
He snored in state the whole clock round
Profound.
Ha! ha! ha! ha! Ho! ho! ho! ho!
A Kingdom match for Yvetot!
Ho! ho!
Ywaine and Gawin, the English version of “Owain and the Lady of the Fountain.” The English version was taken from the French of Chrestien de Troyes (twelfth century), and was published by Ritson. The Welsh tale is in theMabinogion. There is also a German version by Hartman von der Aue, a minnesinger (beginningbeginningof thirteenth century). There are also Bavarian and Danish versions.