Chapter 19

[178]Voyages and Travels, Vol. II. pp. 73, 74.[179]Voyage, p. 281.[180]Müller, Voyages from Asia to America, pp. 85, 86.[181]Levascheff: Coxe’s Russian Discoveries (3d edit.), p. 211.[182]Voyage, Vol. II. p. 298.[183]Ibid., p. 320.[184]Ibid., p. 379.[185]Ibid., p. 417.[186]Ibid., p. 432.[187]Ibid., p. 481.[188]Voyage, Vol. II. pp. 495, 511.[189]Voyage, pp. 100-123.[190]Voyage, pp. 229-241.[191]Voyages, Vol. I. p. lxv.[192]Ibid., Vol. II. pp. 29-32.[193]La Pérouse, Voyage, Introd., Tom. I. p. 333.[194]Voyage, Tom. II. p. 189.[195]Voyage, Tom. I. p. 235.[196]Expedition, p. 161.[197]Expedition, pp. 181, 182.[198]Ibid., p. 264.[199]Voyage, p. 164.[200]Ibid., p. 239.[201]Voyages and Travels, Vol. II. p. 33.[202]Ibid., p. 76.[203]Ibid., p. 108.[204]Voyage, p. 53.[205]Voyage, Tom. I. p. 116.[206]Ibid., p. 148.[207]Voyage, Vol. I. p. 85.[208]Journey round the World, Vol. I. p. 227.[209]London Philosophical Transactions, 1767, pp. 280, 291. Cuvier, Animal Kingdom, (London, 1827-35,) Vol. X. p. 508.[210]Voyage, p. 63.[211]Voyages, Vol. II. p. 23.[212]Voyage, Vol. I. p. 264.[213]Geographische Mittheilungen, 1867, p. 120.[214]Executive Documents, 39th Cong. 1st Sess., H. of R., No. 1, Vol. 2, p. 161.[215]Voyage, p. 50.[216]John Adams to Secretary Jay, November 5, 1785: Works, Vol. VIII. p. 339.[217]Histoire Naturelle des Poissons, Tom. V. p. 429.[218]Winslow’s Brief Narration: Young’s Chronicles of the Pilgrims, p. 383.[219]Speech on Conciliation with America, March 22, 1775: Works (Boston, 1865-67), Vol. II. pp. 116-118.[220]Austin’s Life of Gerry, Vol. I. p. 289.[221]Secret Journals, Vol. II. pp. 161, 230.[222]Works of John Adams, Vol. VII. pp. 45, 46.[223]The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles, (London, 1626,) p. 248.[224]Sabine, Report on the Fisheries, p. 174.[225]Voyage, Vol. II. pp. 505, 506, October, 1778.[226]The word Alaska was not improved when spelt Alashka, and the dropping of the letterhin Oonalaskaseemed to show the better and more natural spelling. The following communication, more than a year after the Speech, was in answer to an inquiry about the spelling with ani, as Aliaska, which was adopted by several journals.“Senate Chamber, May 8, 1868.“Dear Mr. Barney,—I have your note of the 8th in reference to the spelling of Alaska.“I think ‘Aliaska’ is a mistake, for which the Coast Survey, in the first map of this country, are partly responsible. On inquiry, I found there was no particular authority for this spelling, and at my suggestion it was altered to Alaska in a subsequent edition.“When called to consider the purchase of this territory, I found that it had the general name of ‘Russian Possessions in America,’ or ‘Russian America.’ In the event of transfer to the United States, this was evidently improper. Looking for a name, my attention was arrested by the designation of the promontory stretching to the Aleutian Islands, called by Captain Cook, the first Englishman who visited the region, Alaska, without ani, as the large and neighboring island was called Oonalaska. This is the first time, so far as I am aware, that the name appears. Though at a later day it was sometimes written ‘Aliaska,’ it seemed to me that the earlier designation was historically more just, while in itself a better word. On this account, at the close of my speech I ventured to propose it as a name for the whole country.“While I was doing this in Washington, General Halleck, in San Francisco, was writing an elaborate letter to the Government about the new territory, in which he proposed the same name, with, as I understand, the same spelling.“Yours truly,“Charles Sumner.“Hon. Hiram Barney, New York.”A new edition of the map appeared with the pamphlet edition of the Speech, on which Mr. Hilgard, of the Coast Survey, in a letter dated May 25th, wrote to Mr. Sumner:—“As this edition will make its first appearance appended to your speech, I have ventured to put on it the name Alaska, proposed by you, as I have no doubt it will be generally adopted.”[227]Bancroft’s Life of Washington (Worcester, 1807), p. 47.[228]Ante, Vol. XIV. p. 355.[229]Hon. Charles G. Atherton, Representative from New Hampshire,—author of the resolutions of December 11, 1838, on which was based the notorious 21st Rule of the House, providing that “No petition, memorial, resolution, or other paper, praying the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia or any State or Territory, or the slave-trade between the States or Territories of the United States in which it now exists, shall be received by this House, or entertained in any way whatever.”[230]Article IV.: United States Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. p. 542.[231]Article VI.[232]The allusion to Kentucky drew from Mr. Davis, of that State, some days later, a vehement Philippic, where, among other things, he said: “The Senator from Massachusetts himself has been complicated in the crime of treason” (alluding to his opposition to the Fugitive Slave Bill).… “Massachusetts now is in high feather. Why? She feels conscious and proud that the Constitution of the United States is prostrate at her feet, and that she is leading the whole Radical host of America to execute her wild, oppressive, and unconstitutional behests.… The Senator from Massachusetts pretends to be a statesman, and gets up to speak in this Chamber, not only to the Senate, not only to the people of the United States, but to the legislators and statesmen and publicists of Europe, … as if he fancied himself the autocratic lawgiver of the whole land,—as though he was a great Colossus in wisdom and power, bestriding Government, Constitution, and country.… The people of the South are enslaved; they are enslaved by the usurped power of the Senator from Massachusetts, in part, and he knows it.… If justice could overtake the States of this Union, Massachusetts would be reconstructed and brought to greater shame than even South Carolina. The honorable Senator was almost in an ecstasy, a few days ago, when he foretold the advent of negro Senators into this body. He was jubilant.… We see the fell purpose of the honorable Senator from Massachusetts. We know with what persistence he pursues his objects.” Mr. Sumner, in reply, simply read extracts from speeches by Judge Goodloe, Willard Davis, G. H. Graham, and General Brisbin, all of Kentucky, at a recent celebration, on the 4th of July, at Lexington, in that State.[A][A] Congressional Globe, 40th Cong. 1st Sess., July 13, 1867, pp. 631-633.[233]See,ante, p. 190.[234]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. pp. 14-16.[235]Ante, p. 193.[236]Statutes at Large, Vol. XVI. p. 3.[237]The Veto of the Third Reconstruction Act.[238]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. p. 31.[239]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. pp. 263, 264.[240]The character of the Senate as a court of impeachment was discussed by Mr. Sumner in his Opinion on the Impeachment of President Johnson.[241]In the Description of England, prefixed to Holinshed’s Chronicles, and dated 1586, one of these gifts is mentioned: “Of the potato and such venerous roots as are brought out of Spaine, Portingale, and the Indies to furnish vp our bankets, I speake not.” Book II. Ch. VI., Vol. I. p. 281 (London, 1807).[242]Act. II. 374-379.[243]Bacon’s Essays, annot. Whately, (London, 1858,) p. 379.[244]June 20, 1800. Memorials and Correspondence, ed. Russell, Vol. IV. p. 393.[245]Life of Columbus, Appendix, No. XXIV., Author’s Revised Edition, (New York, 1860,) Vol. III. p. 402.[246]Navarrete, Coleccion de los Viages y Descubrimientos, Tom. II. pp. 264, 272. Humboldt, Examen Critique de l’Histoire de la Géographie du Nouveau Continent, Tom. I. p. 101.[247]Examen Critique, Tom. I. p. 162.[248]Ibid., pp. 152, 165.[249]Geographica, Lib. I. p. 65, C. Comp. Lib. II. p. 118, C. See Humboldt, Examen Critique, Tom. I. pp. 147, seqq.; Cosmos, tr. Otté, Vol. II. pp. 516, 556, 557, 645.[250]“… che ’l dì nostro volaA gente, che di là forse l’aspetta.”Rime, Part. I. Canzone V.[251]Canto XXV. st. 229, 230.[252]History of Ferdinand and Isabella, Vol. II. pp. 117, 118.[253]Stories from the Italian Poets, (London, 1846,) Vol. I. p. 295.[254]Christian Morals, Part II. Sec. 3: Works, ed. Wilkin, (London, 1835,) Vol. IV. p. 81.[255]Œuvres, (Paris, 1821-23,) Tom. VIII. p. 336. Curiosities of Literature, (London, 1849,) Vol. III. p. 301, note.[256]De Guiana Carmen Epicum: Hakluyt, Voyages, (London, 1600,) Vol. III. pp. 668-672.[257]To the Virginian Voyage: Anderson’s British Poets, Vol. III. p. 583.[258]Musophilus: Ibid., Vol. IV. p. 217.[259]The Church Militant, 239, 240.[260]Life, by Izaak Walton.[261]The Holy State, Book III. Ch. 16:Of Plantations.[262]Cœlum Britannicum: Anderson’s British Poets, Vol. III. p. 716.[263]Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc., Vol. I. p. 126.[264]Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America, (Philadelphia, 1856,) p. 22.[265]Ibid., p. 29.—Mr. Webster, quoting these lines, attributes them to an anonymous “English poet.” Speech at the Festival of the Sons of New Hampshire, November 7, 1849: Works, Vol. II. p. 510.[266]Duyckinck’s Cyclopædia of American Literature, Vol. I. p. 299.[267]“Il met la fièvre en nos climats,Et le remède en Amérique.”ÉpîtreLXXV.,Au Roi de Prusse: Œuvres,(edit. 1784,) Tom. XIII. p. 170.[268]Of Reformation touching Church Discipline in England, Book II.: Works, (London, 1851,) Vol. III. pp. 44, 45.[269]Book V. 874-879.[270]Book V. 955-959.[271]Ibid., 1202-1237.[272]Life of Sir Thomas Browne: Works, (Oxford, 1825,) Vol. VI. p. 490.[273]Works, ed. Wilkin, (London, 1835,) Vol. IV. pp. 232, 233.[274]Works, ed. Wilkin, Vol. IV. p. 233.[275]Ibid., p. 235.[276]Ibid., p. 236.[277]Works, ed. Wilkin, Vol. IV. pp. 236, 237.[278]Ibid., p. 231, note.[279]The Literature of Political Economy, p. 42.[280]See Opinions on Interesting Subjects of Public Law and Commercial Policy arising from American Independence, p. 108. A motto on the reverse of the title-page is from Child.[281]Curiosities of Literature, (London, 1849,) Vol. III. p. 303.[282]Chalmers, Life of De Foe, p. 68.[283]A New Discourse of Trade, (London, 1698,) p. 183.[284]Ibid., p. 201.[285]Ibid., p. 212.[286]Ibid., p. 215.[287]A New Discourse of Trade, (London, 1698,) p. 216.[288]Discourses on the Public Revenues, (London, 1698,) Part II. pp. 204, 205.[289]Discourses on the Public Revenues, (London, 1698,) Part II. p. 206.[290]Opinions on Interesting Subjects, p. 108.[291]Opinions of Eminent Lawyers on Various Points of English Jurisprudence, chiefly concerning the Colonies, etc., Preface, p. xvi.[292]Vol. II. pp. 295, seqq.[293]A Plan of the English Commerce, (London, 1728,) pp. 360, 361.[294]Ibid., pp. 306, 307. See also The Complete English Tradesman, Chap. XXVI.: Miscellaneous Works, (Oxford, 1841,) Vol. XVII. pp. 254, seqq.[295]Letters by Several Eminent Persons, ed. Duncombe, (London, 1773,) Vol. I. p. 107, note.[296]Letter to Lord Carteret, September 3, 1724: Works, ed. Scott, (Edinburgh, 1824,) Vol. XVI. p. 441.[297]Epilogue to the Satires, Dialogue II. 73.[298]Sir Robert Walpole.[299]Letter to Thomas Prior, May 7, 1730: Works, (Dublin, 1784,) Vol. I. p. lvii.[300]Letter to Thomas Prior, April 24, 1729: Works, Vol. I. p. liii.[301]To Same, March 9, 1730: Ibid., p. lv.[302]Works, Vol. II. pp. 441-444.[303]Bp. Stock, Life of Berkeley, prefixed to Works, Vol. I. p. xv.[304]Address at the Laying of the Corner-Stone of the Addition to the Capitol, July 4, 1851: Works, Vol. II. p. 596. See also p. 510.[305]Grahame, History of the United States, Vol. IV. pp. 136, 448.[306]Galt’s Life of West, Part I. pp. 116, 117.[307]Letter to Benjamin Rush, May 23, 1807: Works, Vol. IX. pp. 599, 600.[308]Travels, (London, 1775, 4to,) p. 89.[309]Preface, p. xi.[310]Page 1.[311]Pages 1, 2.[312]Pages 2, 3.[313]Page 31.[314]“At tu præteritas tandem obliviscere clades:Nam tanti non parva Deus tibi, America, vindex,Et dedit et majora dabit solatia damni.Gaude sorte tua: pars omnis amara vorata estJam dudum; dulcis superest.…Ingenium, Pietas, Artes, ac Bellica VirtusHuc profugæ venient, et regna illustria condent.…Et domina his Virtus erit, et Fortuna ministra.”Plantarum, Lib. V. 1137-1200.[315]“Then shall Religion to America flee:They have their times of Gospel, even as we.”The Church Militant, 247, 248.[316]Page 34.[317]Pages 49, 51.[318]“Which everywhere they callAmerica; truly and deservedly they should say ratherColumbina, from the magnanimous hero Christopher Columbus, the Genoese, first explorer, and plainly divinely appointed discoverer of those lands.”—Miscellanea Sacra, Lib. II. cap. 4,in fine. Sewall, p. 49.[319]Fuller,in loc. cit.Sewall, pp. 49, 50.[320]Pages 50, 51.[321]Page 52.[322]Voltaire à d’Argenson, 21 Juin, 1739, 13 Mars, 1750; à Richelieu, 4 Février, 1757: Œuvres de Voltaire, (1784-89,) Tom. LIII. p. 246; LIV. p. 225; LV. p. 406.[323]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xlvii.[324]Journal et Mémoires, Février, 1734, Tom. I. p. 185.[325]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxvii.

[178]Voyages and Travels, Vol. II. pp. 73, 74.

[179]Voyage, p. 281.

[180]Müller, Voyages from Asia to America, pp. 85, 86.

[181]Levascheff: Coxe’s Russian Discoveries (3d edit.), p. 211.

[182]Voyage, Vol. II. p. 298.

[183]Ibid., p. 320.

[184]Ibid., p. 379.

[185]Ibid., p. 417.

[186]Ibid., p. 432.

[187]Ibid., p. 481.

[188]Voyage, Vol. II. pp. 495, 511.

[189]Voyage, pp. 100-123.

[190]Voyage, pp. 229-241.

[191]Voyages, Vol. I. p. lxv.

[192]Ibid., Vol. II. pp. 29-32.

[193]La Pérouse, Voyage, Introd., Tom. I. p. 333.

[194]Voyage, Tom. II. p. 189.

[195]Voyage, Tom. I. p. 235.

[196]Expedition, p. 161.

[197]Expedition, pp. 181, 182.

[198]Ibid., p. 264.

[199]Voyage, p. 164.

[200]Ibid., p. 239.

[201]Voyages and Travels, Vol. II. p. 33.

[202]Ibid., p. 76.

[203]Ibid., p. 108.

[204]Voyage, p. 53.

[205]Voyage, Tom. I. p. 116.

[206]Ibid., p. 148.

[207]Voyage, Vol. I. p. 85.

[208]Journey round the World, Vol. I. p. 227.

[209]London Philosophical Transactions, 1767, pp. 280, 291. Cuvier, Animal Kingdom, (London, 1827-35,) Vol. X. p. 508.

[210]Voyage, p. 63.

[211]Voyages, Vol. II. p. 23.

[212]Voyage, Vol. I. p. 264.

[213]Geographische Mittheilungen, 1867, p. 120.

[214]Executive Documents, 39th Cong. 1st Sess., H. of R., No. 1, Vol. 2, p. 161.

[215]Voyage, p. 50.

[216]John Adams to Secretary Jay, November 5, 1785: Works, Vol. VIII. p. 339.

[217]Histoire Naturelle des Poissons, Tom. V. p. 429.

[218]Winslow’s Brief Narration: Young’s Chronicles of the Pilgrims, p. 383.

[219]Speech on Conciliation with America, March 22, 1775: Works (Boston, 1865-67), Vol. II. pp. 116-118.

[220]Austin’s Life of Gerry, Vol. I. p. 289.

[221]Secret Journals, Vol. II. pp. 161, 230.

[222]Works of John Adams, Vol. VII. pp. 45, 46.

[223]The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles, (London, 1626,) p. 248.

[224]Sabine, Report on the Fisheries, p. 174.

[225]Voyage, Vol. II. pp. 505, 506, October, 1778.

[226]The word Alaska was not improved when spelt Alashka, and the dropping of the letterhin Oonalaskaseemed to show the better and more natural spelling. The following communication, more than a year after the Speech, was in answer to an inquiry about the spelling with ani, as Aliaska, which was adopted by several journals.“Senate Chamber, May 8, 1868.“Dear Mr. Barney,—I have your note of the 8th in reference to the spelling of Alaska.“I think ‘Aliaska’ is a mistake, for which the Coast Survey, in the first map of this country, are partly responsible. On inquiry, I found there was no particular authority for this spelling, and at my suggestion it was altered to Alaska in a subsequent edition.“When called to consider the purchase of this territory, I found that it had the general name of ‘Russian Possessions in America,’ or ‘Russian America.’ In the event of transfer to the United States, this was evidently improper. Looking for a name, my attention was arrested by the designation of the promontory stretching to the Aleutian Islands, called by Captain Cook, the first Englishman who visited the region, Alaska, without ani, as the large and neighboring island was called Oonalaska. This is the first time, so far as I am aware, that the name appears. Though at a later day it was sometimes written ‘Aliaska,’ it seemed to me that the earlier designation was historically more just, while in itself a better word. On this account, at the close of my speech I ventured to propose it as a name for the whole country.“While I was doing this in Washington, General Halleck, in San Francisco, was writing an elaborate letter to the Government about the new territory, in which he proposed the same name, with, as I understand, the same spelling.“Yours truly,“Charles Sumner.“Hon. Hiram Barney, New York.”A new edition of the map appeared with the pamphlet edition of the Speech, on which Mr. Hilgard, of the Coast Survey, in a letter dated May 25th, wrote to Mr. Sumner:—“As this edition will make its first appearance appended to your speech, I have ventured to put on it the name Alaska, proposed by you, as I have no doubt it will be generally adopted.”

“Senate Chamber, May 8, 1868.“Dear Mr. Barney,—I have your note of the 8th in reference to the spelling of Alaska.“I think ‘Aliaska’ is a mistake, for which the Coast Survey, in the first map of this country, are partly responsible. On inquiry, I found there was no particular authority for this spelling, and at my suggestion it was altered to Alaska in a subsequent edition.“When called to consider the purchase of this territory, I found that it had the general name of ‘Russian Possessions in America,’ or ‘Russian America.’ In the event of transfer to the United States, this was evidently improper. Looking for a name, my attention was arrested by the designation of the promontory stretching to the Aleutian Islands, called by Captain Cook, the first Englishman who visited the region, Alaska, without ani, as the large and neighboring island was called Oonalaska. This is the first time, so far as I am aware, that the name appears. Though at a later day it was sometimes written ‘Aliaska,’ it seemed to me that the earlier designation was historically more just, while in itself a better word. On this account, at the close of my speech I ventured to propose it as a name for the whole country.“While I was doing this in Washington, General Halleck, in San Francisco, was writing an elaborate letter to the Government about the new territory, in which he proposed the same name, with, as I understand, the same spelling.“Yours truly,“Charles Sumner.“Hon. Hiram Barney, New York.”

“Senate Chamber, May 8, 1868.

“Dear Mr. Barney,—I have your note of the 8th in reference to the spelling of Alaska.

“I think ‘Aliaska’ is a mistake, for which the Coast Survey, in the first map of this country, are partly responsible. On inquiry, I found there was no particular authority for this spelling, and at my suggestion it was altered to Alaska in a subsequent edition.

“When called to consider the purchase of this territory, I found that it had the general name of ‘Russian Possessions in America,’ or ‘Russian America.’ In the event of transfer to the United States, this was evidently improper. Looking for a name, my attention was arrested by the designation of the promontory stretching to the Aleutian Islands, called by Captain Cook, the first Englishman who visited the region, Alaska, without ani, as the large and neighboring island was called Oonalaska. This is the first time, so far as I am aware, that the name appears. Though at a later day it was sometimes written ‘Aliaska,’ it seemed to me that the earlier designation was historically more just, while in itself a better word. On this account, at the close of my speech I ventured to propose it as a name for the whole country.

“While I was doing this in Washington, General Halleck, in San Francisco, was writing an elaborate letter to the Government about the new territory, in which he proposed the same name, with, as I understand, the same spelling.

“Yours truly,

“Charles Sumner.

“Hon. Hiram Barney, New York.”

A new edition of the map appeared with the pamphlet edition of the Speech, on which Mr. Hilgard, of the Coast Survey, in a letter dated May 25th, wrote to Mr. Sumner:—

“As this edition will make its first appearance appended to your speech, I have ventured to put on it the name Alaska, proposed by you, as I have no doubt it will be generally adopted.”

[227]Bancroft’s Life of Washington (Worcester, 1807), p. 47.

[228]Ante, Vol. XIV. p. 355.

[229]Hon. Charles G. Atherton, Representative from New Hampshire,—author of the resolutions of December 11, 1838, on which was based the notorious 21st Rule of the House, providing that “No petition, memorial, resolution, or other paper, praying the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia or any State or Territory, or the slave-trade between the States or Territories of the United States in which it now exists, shall be received by this House, or entertained in any way whatever.”

[230]Article IV.: United States Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. p. 542.

[231]Article VI.

[232]The allusion to Kentucky drew from Mr. Davis, of that State, some days later, a vehement Philippic, where, among other things, he said: “The Senator from Massachusetts himself has been complicated in the crime of treason” (alluding to his opposition to the Fugitive Slave Bill).… “Massachusetts now is in high feather. Why? She feels conscious and proud that the Constitution of the United States is prostrate at her feet, and that she is leading the whole Radical host of America to execute her wild, oppressive, and unconstitutional behests.… The Senator from Massachusetts pretends to be a statesman, and gets up to speak in this Chamber, not only to the Senate, not only to the people of the United States, but to the legislators and statesmen and publicists of Europe, … as if he fancied himself the autocratic lawgiver of the whole land,—as though he was a great Colossus in wisdom and power, bestriding Government, Constitution, and country.… The people of the South are enslaved; they are enslaved by the usurped power of the Senator from Massachusetts, in part, and he knows it.… If justice could overtake the States of this Union, Massachusetts would be reconstructed and brought to greater shame than even South Carolina. The honorable Senator was almost in an ecstasy, a few days ago, when he foretold the advent of negro Senators into this body. He was jubilant.… We see the fell purpose of the honorable Senator from Massachusetts. We know with what persistence he pursues his objects.” Mr. Sumner, in reply, simply read extracts from speeches by Judge Goodloe, Willard Davis, G. H. Graham, and General Brisbin, all of Kentucky, at a recent celebration, on the 4th of July, at Lexington, in that State.[A][A] Congressional Globe, 40th Cong. 1st Sess., July 13, 1867, pp. 631-633.

[A] Congressional Globe, 40th Cong. 1st Sess., July 13, 1867, pp. 631-633.

[233]See,ante, p. 190.

[234]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. pp. 14-16.

[235]Ante, p. 193.

[236]Statutes at Large, Vol. XVI. p. 3.

[237]The Veto of the Third Reconstruction Act.

[238]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. p. 31.

[239]Statutes at Large, Vol. XV. pp. 263, 264.

[240]The character of the Senate as a court of impeachment was discussed by Mr. Sumner in his Opinion on the Impeachment of President Johnson.

[241]In the Description of England, prefixed to Holinshed’s Chronicles, and dated 1586, one of these gifts is mentioned: “Of the potato and such venerous roots as are brought out of Spaine, Portingale, and the Indies to furnish vp our bankets, I speake not.” Book II. Ch. VI., Vol. I. p. 281 (London, 1807).

[242]Act. II. 374-379.

[243]Bacon’s Essays, annot. Whately, (London, 1858,) p. 379.

[244]June 20, 1800. Memorials and Correspondence, ed. Russell, Vol. IV. p. 393.

[245]Life of Columbus, Appendix, No. XXIV., Author’s Revised Edition, (New York, 1860,) Vol. III. p. 402.

[246]Navarrete, Coleccion de los Viages y Descubrimientos, Tom. II. pp. 264, 272. Humboldt, Examen Critique de l’Histoire de la Géographie du Nouveau Continent, Tom. I. p. 101.

[247]Examen Critique, Tom. I. p. 162.

[248]Ibid., pp. 152, 165.

[249]Geographica, Lib. I. p. 65, C. Comp. Lib. II. p. 118, C. See Humboldt, Examen Critique, Tom. I. pp. 147, seqq.; Cosmos, tr. Otté, Vol. II. pp. 516, 556, 557, 645.

[250]“… che ’l dì nostro volaA gente, che di là forse l’aspetta.”Rime, Part. I. Canzone V.

[250]

“… che ’l dì nostro volaA gente, che di là forse l’aspetta.”Rime, Part. I. Canzone V.

“… che ’l dì nostro vola

A gente, che di là forse l’aspetta.”

Rime, Part. I. Canzone V.

[251]Canto XXV. st. 229, 230.

[252]History of Ferdinand and Isabella, Vol. II. pp. 117, 118.

[253]Stories from the Italian Poets, (London, 1846,) Vol. I. p. 295.

[254]Christian Morals, Part II. Sec. 3: Works, ed. Wilkin, (London, 1835,) Vol. IV. p. 81.

[255]Œuvres, (Paris, 1821-23,) Tom. VIII. p. 336. Curiosities of Literature, (London, 1849,) Vol. III. p. 301, note.

[256]De Guiana Carmen Epicum: Hakluyt, Voyages, (London, 1600,) Vol. III. pp. 668-672.

[257]To the Virginian Voyage: Anderson’s British Poets, Vol. III. p. 583.

[258]Musophilus: Ibid., Vol. IV. p. 217.

[259]The Church Militant, 239, 240.

[260]Life, by Izaak Walton.

[261]The Holy State, Book III. Ch. 16:Of Plantations.

[262]Cœlum Britannicum: Anderson’s British Poets, Vol. III. p. 716.

[263]Coll. Mass. Hist. Soc., Vol. I. p. 126.

[264]Griswold’s Poets and Poetry of America, (Philadelphia, 1856,) p. 22.

[265]Ibid., p. 29.—Mr. Webster, quoting these lines, attributes them to an anonymous “English poet.” Speech at the Festival of the Sons of New Hampshire, November 7, 1849: Works, Vol. II. p. 510.

[266]Duyckinck’s Cyclopædia of American Literature, Vol. I. p. 299.

[267]“Il met la fièvre en nos climats,Et le remède en Amérique.”ÉpîtreLXXV.,Au Roi de Prusse: Œuvres,(edit. 1784,) Tom. XIII. p. 170.

[267]

“Il met la fièvre en nos climats,Et le remède en Amérique.”ÉpîtreLXXV.,Au Roi de Prusse: Œuvres,(edit. 1784,) Tom. XIII. p. 170.

“Il met la fièvre en nos climats,

Et le remède en Amérique.”

ÉpîtreLXXV.,Au Roi de Prusse: Œuvres,(edit. 1784,) Tom. XIII. p. 170.

[268]Of Reformation touching Church Discipline in England, Book II.: Works, (London, 1851,) Vol. III. pp. 44, 45.

[269]Book V. 874-879.

[270]Book V. 955-959.

[271]Ibid., 1202-1237.

[272]Life of Sir Thomas Browne: Works, (Oxford, 1825,) Vol. VI. p. 490.

[273]Works, ed. Wilkin, (London, 1835,) Vol. IV. pp. 232, 233.

[274]Works, ed. Wilkin, Vol. IV. p. 233.

[275]Ibid., p. 235.

[276]Ibid., p. 236.

[277]Works, ed. Wilkin, Vol. IV. pp. 236, 237.

[278]Ibid., p. 231, note.

[279]The Literature of Political Economy, p. 42.

[280]See Opinions on Interesting Subjects of Public Law and Commercial Policy arising from American Independence, p. 108. A motto on the reverse of the title-page is from Child.

[281]Curiosities of Literature, (London, 1849,) Vol. III. p. 303.

[282]Chalmers, Life of De Foe, p. 68.

[283]A New Discourse of Trade, (London, 1698,) p. 183.

[284]Ibid., p. 201.

[285]Ibid., p. 212.

[286]Ibid., p. 215.

[287]A New Discourse of Trade, (London, 1698,) p. 216.

[288]Discourses on the Public Revenues, (London, 1698,) Part II. pp. 204, 205.

[289]Discourses on the Public Revenues, (London, 1698,) Part II. p. 206.

[290]Opinions on Interesting Subjects, p. 108.

[291]Opinions of Eminent Lawyers on Various Points of English Jurisprudence, chiefly concerning the Colonies, etc., Preface, p. xvi.

[292]Vol. II. pp. 295, seqq.

[293]A Plan of the English Commerce, (London, 1728,) pp. 360, 361.

[294]Ibid., pp. 306, 307. See also The Complete English Tradesman, Chap. XXVI.: Miscellaneous Works, (Oxford, 1841,) Vol. XVII. pp. 254, seqq.

[295]Letters by Several Eminent Persons, ed. Duncombe, (London, 1773,) Vol. I. p. 107, note.

[296]Letter to Lord Carteret, September 3, 1724: Works, ed. Scott, (Edinburgh, 1824,) Vol. XVI. p. 441.

[297]Epilogue to the Satires, Dialogue II. 73.

[298]Sir Robert Walpole.

[299]Letter to Thomas Prior, May 7, 1730: Works, (Dublin, 1784,) Vol. I. p. lvii.

[300]Letter to Thomas Prior, April 24, 1729: Works, Vol. I. p. liii.

[301]To Same, March 9, 1730: Ibid., p. lv.

[302]Works, Vol. II. pp. 441-444.

[303]Bp. Stock, Life of Berkeley, prefixed to Works, Vol. I. p. xv.

[304]Address at the Laying of the Corner-Stone of the Addition to the Capitol, July 4, 1851: Works, Vol. II. p. 596. See also p. 510.

[305]Grahame, History of the United States, Vol. IV. pp. 136, 448.

[306]Galt’s Life of West, Part I. pp. 116, 117.

[307]Letter to Benjamin Rush, May 23, 1807: Works, Vol. IX. pp. 599, 600.

[308]Travels, (London, 1775, 4to,) p. 89.

[309]Preface, p. xi.

[310]Page 1.

[311]Pages 1, 2.

[312]Pages 2, 3.

[313]Page 31.

[314]“At tu præteritas tandem obliviscere clades:Nam tanti non parva Deus tibi, America, vindex,Et dedit et majora dabit solatia damni.Gaude sorte tua: pars omnis amara vorata estJam dudum; dulcis superest.…Ingenium, Pietas, Artes, ac Bellica VirtusHuc profugæ venient, et regna illustria condent.…Et domina his Virtus erit, et Fortuna ministra.”Plantarum, Lib. V. 1137-1200.

[314]

“At tu præteritas tandem obliviscere clades:Nam tanti non parva Deus tibi, America, vindex,Et dedit et majora dabit solatia damni.Gaude sorte tua: pars omnis amara vorata estJam dudum; dulcis superest.…Ingenium, Pietas, Artes, ac Bellica VirtusHuc profugæ venient, et regna illustria condent.…Et domina his Virtus erit, et Fortuna ministra.”Plantarum, Lib. V. 1137-1200.

“At tu præteritas tandem obliviscere clades:

Nam tanti non parva Deus tibi, America, vindex,

Et dedit et majora dabit solatia damni.

Gaude sorte tua: pars omnis amara vorata est

Jam dudum; dulcis superest.…

Ingenium, Pietas, Artes, ac Bellica Virtus

Huc profugæ venient, et regna illustria condent.

…

Et domina his Virtus erit, et Fortuna ministra.”

Plantarum, Lib. V. 1137-1200.

[315]“Then shall Religion to America flee:They have their times of Gospel, even as we.”The Church Militant, 247, 248.

[315]

“Then shall Religion to America flee:They have their times of Gospel, even as we.”The Church Militant, 247, 248.

“Then shall Religion to America flee:

They have their times of Gospel, even as we.”

The Church Militant, 247, 248.

[316]Page 34.

[317]Pages 49, 51.

[318]“Which everywhere they callAmerica; truly and deservedly they should say ratherColumbina, from the magnanimous hero Christopher Columbus, the Genoese, first explorer, and plainly divinely appointed discoverer of those lands.”—Miscellanea Sacra, Lib. II. cap. 4,in fine. Sewall, p. 49.

[319]Fuller,in loc. cit.Sewall, pp. 49, 50.

[320]Pages 50, 51.

[321]Page 52.

[322]Voltaire à d’Argenson, 21 Juin, 1739, 13 Mars, 1750; à Richelieu, 4 Février, 1757: Œuvres de Voltaire, (1784-89,) Tom. LIII. p. 246; LIV. p. 225; LV. p. 406.

[323]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xlvii.

[324]Journal et Mémoires, Février, 1734, Tom. I. p. 185.

[325]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxvii.

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